课时素养检测
一 Unit
1 Period
1
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
(2020·北京师大附中高二检测)
Basically,
without
the
possibility
of
failure,
there
is
little
possibility
of
success.
Education
is
in
danger
of
becoming
a
branch
of
the
entertainment
industry.
Although
education
should
indeed
be
entertaining
where
possible,
it
cannot
always
be
fun.
Often,
it
needs
the
“hard
yards”.
Some
educationalists
feel
that
if
something
causes
worry
it
should
be
avoided
at
all
costs.
I
would
disagree.
Facing
up
to
challenges
helps
develop
children.
Avoiding
challenges
can
severely
limit
their
potential.
Tougher
children
are
able
to
try
and
fail.
The
less
tough
may
simply
fail
to
try
anything
new.
I’m
not
advocating
putting
children
under
pressure.
The
real
debate
is
perhaps
what
pressures
are
unavoidable.
It’s
not
about
“throwing
children
into
the
deep
end”,
but
rather
encouraging
them
to
put
their
feet
in
the
water
and
giving
them
the
skills
to
float.
This
latter
approach
is
basically
the
work
I
and
my
team
do
at
the
University
of
Hull.
We
measure
mental
toughness
and
then
provide
interventions
to
improve
this.
These
interventions
include
psychological
skills
such
as
goal
setting,
relaxation
and
thought
control.
So,
for
example,
many
children
will
say:
“What
happens
if
it
goes
wrong?”
We
work
hard
to
change
this
so
that
the
sentence
reads:
“What
happens
if
it
goes
right?”
One
word
difference,
but
a
world
away
when
thinking
about
challenges.
We
try
to
help
children
deal
more
effectively
with
life
using
a
three-step
approach.
Firstly,
it
is
important
to
set
realistic
and
achievable
goals.
Then
it
is
a
matter
of
finding
out
what
factors
(因素)
are
helping
children
to
achieve
these
goals
and
what
factors
are
working
against
these.
The
final
step
is
to
discover
which
of
these
factors
can
be
controlled,
or
at
least
influenced,
and
what
factors
the
child
is
in
reality
stuck
with.
Redirecting
children’s
energies
to
movable
obstacles
(障碍)
can
produce
huge
life
changes.
However,
I
think
that
for
most
of
us
we
have
become
stress
averse
(反对的)
and
overreact
to
it.
It
has
always
been
there,
and
it
has
always
been
the
case
that
some
people
enjoy
it,
some
need
help
to
deal
with
it
and
some
people’s
lives
are
ruined
by
it.
Showing
our
children
that
stress
can
be
faced
with
and
beaten
offers
them
a
way
forward.
The
more
a
fear
is
avoided,
the
bigger
it
gets.
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述教育现在面临很多的挑战,这些挑战既有好处又有弊端。
1.
From
the
passage,
we
know
the
writer
believes
_______.
?
A.
education
needs
challenges
B.
education
should
always
be
fun
C.
children
should
avoid
facing
challenges
D.
the
more
challenges,
the
better
for
the
children
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段第三句Facing
up
to
challenges
helps
develop
children.
可知,面对挑战有利于孩子们成长,即作者认为教育需要挑战。故选A。
2.
The
writer
disagreed
with
some
educationalists
because
_______.
?
A.
some
children
are
less
tough
B.
some
pressures
are
avoidable
C.
some
challenges
do
good
to
children
D.
some
children
are
unaware
of
their
potential
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中Some
educationalists
feel
that
if
something
causes
worry
it
should
be
avoided
at
all
costs.
I
would
disagree.
(一些教育学家认为,如果某件事引起了担忧,就应该不惜一切代价避免。我不同意这种看法)以及Facing
up
to
challenges
helps
develop
children.
(面对挑战有助于孩子们的发展)可知,作者不同意一些教育专家的意见,因为他认为面对挑战对孩子们有好处,故选C。
3.
What
is
the
correct
attitude
towards
stress
according
to
the
writer?
A.
We
should
try
our
best
to
avoid
stress.
B.
We
should
love
stress
because
stress
is
unavoidable.
C.
We
should
put
ourselves
to
the
test
in
stressful
situations.
D.
We
should
experience
stress
and
learn
skills
to
deal
with
it.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句Showing
our
children
that
stress
can
be
faced
with
and
beaten
offers
them
a
way
forward.
(让我们的孩子知道压力是可以面对和战胜的,这为他们提供了前进的道路)
可推知,作者认为对待压力的正确态度应该是去经历压力然后学会解决方法,故选D。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
More
than
40
million
Americans
move
each
year,
but
not
always
by
choice.
Whether
you’re
moving
because
of
work
or
schooling
or
for
better
chances,
adjusting(适应)
to
the
life
in
a
new
place
can
be
difficult.
1 .
Here
are
some
tips
to
help
you
adjust
to
your
new
home.
?
Treat
it
as
an
adventure
2 .
So
stay
positive
and
get
out
there
and
explore!
Taste
the
local
food
and
visit
famous
places
and
museums.
Try
local
activities
that
aren’t
popular
in
your
former
city,
such
as
skating
if
you
come
from
a
beach
town
or
surfing
if
you
lived
in
the
mountains.
You
may
discover
a
talent
(才华)
or
interest
you
never
knew
you
had.
?
Get
involved
with
your
neighbours
Introduce
yourself
to
neighbours
and
everyone
else
you
meet.
3 .
This
is
the
best
way
to
get
advice
about
living
in
your
area,
and
to
make
new
friends.
Attend
local
events
that
interest
you,
visit
the
markets
or
yard
sales,
take
classes
and
so
on.
All
of
these
things
will
help
you
meet
people
and
feel
connected.
?
4 ?
It
takes
time
to
get
to
know
a
new
place,
so
don’t
expect
to
feel
comfortable
right
away.
5 .
To
help
make
the
process
easier,
you
can
meet
new
people,
find
a
support
group
near
you.
A
fresh
move
is
also
a
fresh
start.
Therefore
it
is
a
great
time
to
start
realizing
a
dream
you’ve
had,
whether
it
is
going
back
to
school,
starting
a
new
career,
or
finishing
a
novel.
?
A.
Find
what
you
love
B.
Be
patient
and
go
after
your
dream
C.
Give
yourself
time
to
adjust
D.
Tell
them
you’re
new
in
the
town
E.
It
is
especially
true
when
you
don’t
love
your
new
city
very
much
F.
Show
others
the
photos
of
your
favorite
places
in
your
old
town
G.
Living
in
a
new
place
is
a
great
opportunity
to
experience
new
things
and
grow
up.
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述的是如何适应新的环境和生活,并给出了一些具体的建议。
1.
【解析】选E。上文列举了人们搬家的原因,提出了适应新环境是困难的这一现实情况。E项(尤其是当你不太喜欢你的新城市时)是对上句的进一步说明。
2.
【解析】选G。本段讲把搬家当成一次冒险,以积极的态度去体验新事物。G项(生活在一个新的地方是一个体验新事物和成长的好机会)符合本段内容。
3.
【解析】选D。本段讲使自己融入邻居之中,上句说向邻居和你遇到的每个人介绍你自己,D项(告诉他们你是新来的)与上句连接。
4.
【解析】选B。根据本段中“It
takes
time
to
get
to
know
a
new
place”和“Therefore
it
is
a
great
time
to
start
realizing
a
dream
you’ve
had”可知,本段主要讲不要着急,要有耐心适应新环境,然后去实现自己的梦想。B项(耐心一点去追求你的梦想)表达了本段的主要意思。
5.
【解析】选C。C项(给自己一点儿时间去适应)与上句“It
takes
time
to
get
to
know
a
new
place意思一致,告诉我们不要着急,适应新环境需要时间。
阅读理解
Who
doesn’t
want
to
live
a
life
in
style?
Life
is
like
a
road
on
which
you
never
get
a
chance
to
return,
and
is
not
a
very
long
road
either.
So
we
should
try
to
live
life
to
the
fullest
and
enjoy
every
bit
of
it.
Every
individual
has
unique
likings
and
preferences,
and
all
of
us
try
to
live
the
lives
that
suit
us
best.
The
world
is
like
a
painting
cloth
on
which
different
people
with
different
races,
different
languages,
and
different
cultural
backgrounds
interact.
But
among
these,
the
arts
provide
an
easy
and
natural
way
for
people
to
connect.
People
with
a
knack
for
the
arts
usually
discover
it
in
childhood.
But
art
isn’t
only
for
the
talented;
it
can
help
everyone
grow.
Those
with
a
strong
artistic
background
are
often
more
energetic,
and
more
successful
in
all
fields
of
life.
Art
widens
the
range
of
a
person’s
life.
Painting
is
one
of
the
most
popular
art
forms.
Those
who
are
interested
in
taking
it
up
as
a
career
need
to
go
through
extensive
training
to
get
familiar
with
the
various
styles.
Professional
painters
often
host
art
exhibitions,
with
art
lovers
from
all
over
the
world
coming
to
see
and
buy
their
creations.
Sometimes
the
paintings
are
sold
at
high
prices.
Performing
arts
are
equally
popular
and
admired.
Dance,
instrumental
music,
drama
and
so
on
require
unusual
artistic
talent
as
well
as
a
long
period
of
education
and
training
before
audiences
start
to
applaud
the
performances.
But
anyone
with
some
artistic
sense
can
make
art
part
of
his/her
life,
and
benefit
from
it.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇议论文,人生苦短,没有回头路,但艺术可以把不同背景的人联系在一起,有艺术天赋的人通常在各个领域都会更加成功。
1.
People
should
make
the
most
of
life
because
_______.
?
A.
life
is
difficult
but
enjoyable
time
B.
life
is
valuable
and
ordinary
C.
life
is
too
short
to
be
wasted
D.
life
is
like
a
road
full
of
tomorrow
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Life
is
like
a
road
on
which
you
never
get
a
chance
to
return,
and
is
not
a
very
long
road
either.
So
we
should
try
to
live
life
to
the
fullest
and
enjoy
every
bit
of
it.
”可知人生没有回头路,而且非常短暂,我们要努力享受生活的一点一滴。我们不能浪费生活,要珍惜生活给我们的一切。
2.
What’s
the
main
idea
of
Paragraph
2?
A.
Different
people
have
different
lifestyles.
B.
Different
people
have
different
cultures.
C.
Art
can
make
people
happier.
D.
Art
can
connect
people
together.
【解析】选D。段落大意题。根据第二段中的“But
among
these,
the
arts
provide
an
easy
and
natural
way
for
people
to
connect.
”可知艺术可以很自然地把不同背景的人联系在一起。
3.
The
underlined
word
“knack”
in
Paragraph
3
probably
means
“_______”.
?
A.
character B.
ability
C.
power
D.
favour
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“People
with
a
knack
for
the
arts
usually
discover
it
in
childhood.
”可知在童年时期有艺术天赋的人通常可以发现自己这方面的才能。与“
But
art
isn’t
only
for
the
talented;
it
can
help
everyone
grow.
”艺术不仅对有才能的人有好处,它可以帮助所有人成长,是一致的。画线词knack意为“ability/talent”。
4.
What
is
the
passage
mainly
about?
A.
How
great
artists
make
a
living
by
selling
their
works.
B.
How
to
live
a
unique
and
colorful
life.
C.
How
the
arts
contribute
to
people’s
lives.
D.
How
much
performing
arts
have
to
do
with
talent
and
education.
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。纵观全文可知,本文介绍的是艺术如何影响人们的生活。
【素养培优】
话题小写作
根据以下要点,写一篇与本单元话题相关的书面表达,词数60个左右。
1.
高中对于大多数学生来说似乎是困难的时间。而对我来说,我不觉得有很大的压力。
2.
尽管我有这么多的科目要学习,要为未来拼搏,想到我结交了许多朋友,我们一起学习,这对我来说是一段快乐的时光。
3.
我不仅获得知识,还有友谊。
High
school
seems
to
be
a
hard
time
for
most
students,
but
for
me,
I
don’t
feel
much
pressure.
Though
I
have
so
many
subjects
to
learn
and
I
have
to
fight
for
my
future,
thinking
about
making
many
friends
here
and
studying
together,
I
feel
it
is
such
a
good
time
for
me
during
which
I
gain
not
only
knowledge,
but
also
friendship.
PAGE课时素养检测
二 Unit
1 Period
2
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
There
are
two
factors
which
determine
an
individual’s
intelligence.
The
first
is
the
sort
of
brain
he
is
born
with.
Human
brains
differ
considerably,
some
being
more
capable
than
others.
But
no
matter
how
good
a
brain
he
has
to
begin
with,
an
individual
will
have
a
low
order
of
intelligence
unless
he
has
opportunities
to
learn.
So
the
second
factor
is
what
happens
to
the
individual—the
sort
of
environment
in
which
he
is
raised.
If
an
individual
is
handicapped
environmentally,
it
is
likely
that
his
brain
will
fail
to
develop
and
he
will
never
get
to
the
level
of
intelligence
of
which
he
is
capable.
The
importance
of
environment
in
determining
an
individual’s
intelligence
can
be
demonstrated
by
the
case
history
of
the
identical
twins,
Peter
and
Mark.
Being
identical,
the
twins
had
identical
brains
at
birth,
and
their
growth
processes
were
the
same.
When
the
twins
were
three
months
old,
their
parents
died,
and
they
were
placed
in
separate
foster
homes.
Peter
was
brought
up
by
parents
of
low
intelligence
in
an
isolated
community
with
poor
educational
opportunities.
Mark
was
brought
up
in
the
home
of
well-to-do
parents
who
had
been
to
college.
He
was
read
to
as
a
child,
sent
to
good
schools,
and
given
every
opportunity
to
be
stimulated
intellectually.
This
environmental
difference
continued
until
the
twins
were
in
their
late
teens,
when
they
were
given
tests
to
measure
their
intelligence.
Mark’s
I.
Q.
was
125,
twenty-five
points
higher
than
the
average
and
fully
forty
points
higher
than
his
identical
brother.
Given
equal
opportunities,
the
twins,
having
identical
brains,
would
have
tested
at
roughly
the
same
level.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了智力和环境的关系,同样智力水平的人,环境和教育不一样,智商也会有很大的不同。
1.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Measuring
Your
Intelligence
B.
Intelligence
and
Environment
C.
The
Case
of
Peter
and
Mark
D.
How
the
Brain
Influences
Intelligence
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“So
the
second
factor
is
what
happens
to
the
individual
---
the
sort
of
environment
in
which
he
is
raised.
”可知,本文主要介绍了智力和环境的关系。
2.
The
best
statement
of
the
main
idea
of
this
passage
is
that
_______.
?
A.
human
brains
differ
considerably
B.
the
brain
a
person
is
born
with
is
important
in
determining
his
intelligence
C.
environment
is
crucial
in
determining
a
person’s
intelligence
D.
persons
having
identical
brains
will
have
roughly
the
same
intelligence
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The
importance
of
environment
in
determining
an
individual’s
intelligence
can
be
demonstrated
by
the
case
history
of
the
identical
twins,
Peter
and
Mark.
”可知,双胞胎Peter
和Mark受不同的环境的影响,最后智力水平也不同是环境对决定一个人智力的重要性的最好证明,由此可知,环境对决定一个人的智力至关重要是对文章观点的最好表述。
3.
The
case
history
of
the
twins
appears
to
support
the
conclusion
that
_______.
?
A.
individuals
with
identical
brains
are
seldom
tested
at
the
same
level
B.
an
individual’s
intelligence
is
determined
only
by
his
environment
C.
lack
of
opportunity
blocks
the
growth
of
intelligence
D.
changes
of
environment
produce
changes
in
the
structure
of
the
brain
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Given
equal
opportunities,
the
twins,
having
identical
brains,
would
have
tested
at
roughly
the
same
level”可知,如果机会均等,这对拥有相同智力水平的双胞胎,测试结果将大致相同,由此可知,缺乏机会阻碍智力的发展。
4.
This
passage
suggests
that
an
individual’s
I.
Q.
_______.
?
A.
can
be
predicted
at
birth
B.
stays
the
same
throughout
his
life
C.
can
be
increased
by
education
D.
is
determined
by
his
childhood
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Mark
was
brought
up
in
the
home
of
well-to-do
parents
who
had
been
to
college.
He
was
read
to
as
a
child,
sent
to
good
schools,
and
given
every
opportunity
to
be
stimulated
intellectually.
”可知,马克在上过大学的富裕家庭长大,小时经常听故事,被送到好的学校读书,并被给予各种机会去激发他的智力,最后的智商测试表明马克的智商远高于他的孪生兄弟彼得,由此可知,一个人的智商可以通过教育提高。
B
I
must
have
always
known
reading
was
very
important
because
the
first
memories
I
have
as
a
child
deal
with
books.
There
was
not
one
night
that
I
don’t
remember
mom
reading
me
a
storybook
by
my
bedside.
I
was
extremely
inspired
by
the
elegant
way
the
words
sounded.
I
always
wanted
to
know
what
my
mom
was
reading.
Hearing
mom
say,
“I
can’t
believe
what’s
printed
in
the
newspaper
this
morning,”
made
me
want
to
grab
it
out
of
her
hands
and
read
it
myself.
I
wanted
to
be
like
my
mom
and
know
all
of
the
things
she
knew.
So
I
carried
around
a
book,
and
each
night,
just
to
be
like
her,
I
would
pretend
to
be
reading.
This
is
how
everyone
learned
to
read.
We
would
start
off
with
sentences,
then
paragraphs,
and
then
stories.
It
seemed
an
unending
journey,
but
even
as
a
six-year-old
girl
I
realized
that
knowing
how
to
read
could
open
many
doors.
When
mom
said,
“The
C-A-N-D-Y
is
hidden
on
the
top
shelf,”
I
knew
where
the
candy
was.
My
progress
in
reading
raised
my
curiosity,
and
I
wanted
to
know
everything.
I
often
found
myself
telling
my
mom
to
drive
more
slowly,
so
that
I
could
read
all
of
the
road
signs
we
passed.
Most
of
my
reading
through
primary,
middle
and
high
school
was
factual
reading.
I
read
for
knowledge,
and
to
make
A’s
on
my
tests.
Occasionally,
I
would
read
a
novel
that
was
assigned,
but
I
didn’t
enjoy
this
type
of
reading.
I
liked
facts,
things
that
are
concrete.
I
thought
anything
abstract
(抽象的)
left
too
much
room
for
argument.
Yet,
now
that
I’m
growing
and
the
world
I
once
knew
as
being
so
simple
is
becoming
more
complex,
I
find
myself
needing
a
way
to
escape.
By
opening
a
novel,
I
can
leave
behind
my
burdens
and
enter
into
a
wonderful
and
mysterious
world
where
I
am
now
a
new
character.
In
these
worlds
I
can
become
anyone.
I
don’t
have
to
write
down
what
happened
or
what
technique
the
author
was
using
when
he
or
she
wrote
this.
I
just
read
to
relax.
We’re
taught
to
read
because
it’s
necessary
for
much
of
human
understanding.
Reading
is
a
vital
part
of
my
life.
Reading
satisfies
my
desire
to
keep
learning.
And
I’ve
found
that
the
possibilities
that
lie
within
books
are
limitless.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文,作者讲述了自己的读书经历和感悟。
5.
Why
did
the
author
want
to
grab
the
newspaper
out
of
mom’s
hands?
A.
She
wanted
mom
to
read
the
news
to
her.
B.
She
was
anxious
to
know
what
had
happened.
C.
She
couldn’t
wait
to
tear
the
newspaper
apart.
D.
She
couldn’t
help
but
stop
mom
from
reading.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I
always
wanted
to
know
what
my
mom
was
reading.
Hearing
mom
say.
.
.
made
me
want
to
grab
it
out
of
her
hands
and
read
it
myself”可知,作者一直想知道妈妈在读什么。作者想抢过妈妈读的报纸,因为作者自己迫切地想看一看报纸上写的内容。
6.
According
to
Paragraph
3,
the
author’s
reading
of
road
signs
indicates
_______.
?
A.
her
unique
way
to
locate
herself
B.
her
eagerness
to
develop
her
reading
ability
C.
her
effort
to
remind
mom
to
obey
traffic
rules
D.
her
growing
desire
to
know
the
world
around
her
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“My
progress
in
reading
raised
my
curiosity,
and
I
wanted
to
know
everything.
”可以推断出,作者读路标暗示作者在阅读方面的进步引起了她的好奇心,想要了解周围的一切。
7.
What
was
the
author’s
view
on
factual
reading?
A.
It
would
help
her
update
test-taking
skills.
B.
It
would
allow
much
room
for
free
thinking.
C.
It
would
provide
true
and
objective
information.
D.
It
would
help
shape
a
realistic
and
serious
attitude
to
life.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Most
of
my
reading
through
primary,
middle
and
high
school
was
factual
reading.
I
read
for
knowledge,
and
to
make
A’s
on
my
tests.
”可知,小学和中学阶段的阅读都是事实性阅读,读书是为了获取知识,考试得A。因此事实性阅读能够提供真实的客观的信息。
8.
The
author
takes
novel
reading
as
a
way
to
_______.
?
A.
explore
a
fantasy
land
B.
develop
a
passion
for
learning
C.
learn
about
the
adult
community
D.
get
away
from
a
confusing
world
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段中的“By
opening
a
novel,
I
can
leave
behind
my
burdens
and
enter
into
a
wonderful
and
mysterious
world
where
I
am
now
a
new
character.
In
these
worlds
I
can
become
anyone.
”
可知,阅读小说可以让作者避开复杂的现实而投入小说中的世界。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
The
Grass
Cutting
Days
Every
time
we
headed
out
to
cut
grass,
Dad
was
there
to
watch.
I
used
to
1
why
he
came
with
us.
He
stood
watching
us
in
the
sticky
Florida
heat
when
he
could
have
been
inside
2
with
air
conditioning
and
an
icy
drink.
?
One
day
we
were
cutting
our
next-door
neighbor’s
yard.
She
always
waited
until
the
grass
was
knee-high
to
call
us
over.
To
make
matters
worse,
we
had
an
old
lawn
mower
that
kept
breaking
down
as
we
tried
to
cut
through
her
backyard
jungle.
This
particular
afternoon,
I
was
finishing
up
and
was
3
and
sweaty.
I
4
the
tall
glass
of
cold
juice
I
would
drink
in
a
minute
to
cool
down.
?
I
was
just
about
to
turn
off
the
lawn
mower
5
I
saw
Dad
pointing
to
one
single
blade
of
grass
(一片草).
I
thought
about
the
small
amount
of
money
I
was
getting
6
for
cutting
grass
so
high
that
it
almost
broke
the
mower.
I
ignored
him
and
kept
walking.
Dad
called
me
out
and
yelled,
“You
missed
a
blade.
”
I
frowned
(皱眉),
hoping
he
would
let
me
go
home.
He
kept
pointing.
Though
tired
and
7 ,
I
still
went
back
to
cut
that
blade
of
grass.
I
thought
to
myself,
“That
one
blade
isn’t
8
anyone.
Why
won’t
he
just
let
it
go?”?
But
when
I
reached
adulthood,
I
understood
his
9 :
When
you’re
running
a
business,the
work
you
do
says
a
great
deal
about
you.
If
you
want
to
be
seen
as
an
honest
businessman,
you
must
deliver
a
quality
product.
That
single
blade
of
grass
10
the
job
was
not
done.
?
Other
neighbors
took
11
of
the
good
work
we
did
and
we
soon
gained
more
12 .
?
The
lesson
my
dad
taught
me
stayed
with
me:
Be
13 .
If
you
say
you
are
going
to
perform
a
job
at
a
certain
time,
14
your
word.
Give
your
customers
the
kind
of
15
they
would
like
to
receive.
It
shows
how
sincere
you
are
and
how
much
pride
you
take
in
your
work.
?
【语篇概述】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲了作者小时候割草时父亲的话语对成年以后自己的生意有了非常大的帮助和启迪。
1.
A.
wonder
B.
understand
C.
know
D.
expect
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。wonder想知道;understand懂得;know知道;expect期望。根据下文父亲本可以待在空调屋里放松推断,可知“我们”都去割草,但父亲却只看着,既然这样,作者想知道他为什么还要跟着去。
2.
A.
hiding
B.
relaxing
C.
playing
D.
talking
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。hiding隐藏;relaxing放松;playing玩耍;talking谈话。根据上文He
stood
watching
us可知,父亲只是站在那里看着我们,作者认为与其这样还不如在开着空调的房间喝着冰饮料放松自己。
3.
A.
wise
B.
back
C.
warm
D.
tired
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。wise明智的;back后面的;warm温暖的;tired疲劳的。根据句意可知,空处和sweaty并列,作者割草割得汗流浃背,可见非常累。
4.
A.
pictured
B.
decided
C.
required
D.
invented
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。pictured想象;decided决定;required需要;invented发明。根据句意和空后的would
drink,可知此处的冰饮是作者想象出来的。
5.
A.
until
B.
before
C.
when
D.
while
【解析】选C。考查状语从句连词。until直到;before在……之前;when当……时;while然而。be
about
to
do.
.
.
when.
.
.
是固定句型,意为“正要……这时……”,符合句意。
6.
A.
involved
B.
caught
C.
changed
D.
paid
【解析】选D。考查固定用法。involved包含;caught抓住;changed改变;paid支付。根据句意可知,get
paid是固定搭配,意为“得到报酬”符合语境。
7.
A.
discouraged
B.
ashamed
C.
touched
D.
shocked
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。discouraged沮丧的;ashamed羞愧的;touched受感动的;shocked震惊的。根据前文可知,作者因工作得很辛苦却只得到了一小点回报,心里不免有些泄气。
8.
A.
surprising
B.
frightening
C.
hurting
D.
challenging
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。surprising使惊讶;frightening使惊吓;hurting伤害;challenging向……挑战。根据句意可知,hurt意为“伤害”,与句意相符。
9.
A.
punishment
B.
message
C.
cruelty
D.
expression
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。punishment惩罚;message信息;cruelty残忍;expression表达。根据句意和语境可知,当作者成年以后,明白了当年父亲和他说的那句话,message在此处表示父亲传达给我的信息。
10.
A.
seemed
B.
realized
C.
meant
D.
found
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。seemed似乎;realized意识到;meant意味着;found发现。根据句意可知,mean意为“意味着”,与题意相符。
11.
A.
care
B.
notice
C.
place
D.
control
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。care关心;notice注意;place地方;control控制。根据句意和语境可知,take
notice
of是固定搭配,意为“注意到”,与题意相符。
12.
A.
business
B.
workers
C.
experience
D.
prizes
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。business生意;workers工人;experience经验;prizes奖品。根据句意可知,因为割草割得好,更多的生意就上门了。
13.
A.
patient
B.
powerful
C.
prepared
D.
professional
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。patient有耐心的;powerful强有力的;prepared有准备的;professional专业的。根据语境可知,从割草到做生意,最重要的就是“专业”。
14.
A.
break
B.
give
C.
save
D.
keep
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。break打破;give给予;save拯救;keep保持。根据句意可知,keep
one’s
word是固定搭配,意为“履行诺言”,与题意相符。
15.
A.
advice
B.
service
C.
attention
D.
warmth
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。advice建议;service服务;attention注意力;warmth温暖。根据句意可知,做生意在于给客户想要的服务,以彰显你的真诚。
【技法导练】如何做主旨大意题
主旨大意题的难度较大,抓住文章主题是关键。例如A篇第1题,根据第一段中的“So
the
second
factor
is
what
happens
to
the
individual—the
sort
of
environment
in
which
he
is
raised.
”可知影响智力的第二个因素是他成长的环境,再结合第二段第一句“The
importance
of
environment
in
determining
an
individual’s
intelligence
can
be
demonstrated
by
the
case
history
of
the
identical
twins,
Peter
and
Mark.
”可知,双胞胎Peter
和Mark受不同的环境的影响,最后智力水平也不同是环境对决定一个人智力的重要性的最好证明,由此可知,本文主要介绍的是智力和环境的关系。
PAGE课时素养检测
四 Unit
1 Period
4
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
Visit
Chicago
Children’s
Museum
In
brief:
This
museum
offers
plenty
of
fun
hands-on
activities
for
kids.
However,
this
is
one
of
the
few
Chicago
museums
not
“fun
for
the
whole
family”
as
adults
and
older
kids
will
be
bored
to
tears.
Address:
700
East
Grand
Ave.
(Navy
Pier),
Chicago
Phone:
312-
527-1000
Public
transportation:
CTA
bus
lines
29
(State
Street
),
65
(Grand
Avenue),
and
66(
Chicago
Avenue)
all
serve
Navy
Pier.
Parking
fees:
·Monday
through
Thursday:
$20
·Friday
through
Sunday:
$24
·Holidays:
$24
Opening
hours:
·Weekdays:
10
am-
5
pm
·Weekends:
10
am-
8
pm
Entrance
fees:
·Adults:
$12
·Children:
$12
·Seniors
(65+):
$11
·Children
(under
5):
free
Activities:
Located
at
one
of
Chicago’s
top
tourist
attractions,
Navy
Pier,
the
museum
offers
three
floors
of
activities
for
kids,
including:
·Play
It
Safe—all
about
home
safety
·Inventing
Lab—provides
parts
and
instructions
for
creating
things
·Kids’
Town—a
playroom
recreating
a
Chicago
neighborhood
where
kids
can
pretend
to
do
things
like
shopping
for
groceries
and
driving
a
CTA
bus
·Climbing
Schooner—a
three-floor
climbing
building
·My
Museum—kids
get
to
create
various
pieces
of
art
that
are
“all
about
me”
·Skyline—kids
learn
about
skyscrapers
and
design
their
own
buildings
·Tree
House
Trails—a
play
area
designed
like
a
forest
·Waterways—water
activities
showing
how
pumps
and
dams
work
【语篇概述】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了参观芝加哥儿童博物馆的相关信息。
1.
How
much
will
John
(10),
his
parents
(40)
and
sister
(6)
pay
if
they
drive
to
the
museum
at
2
pm
on
Monday?
A.
$36
B.
$48.
C.
$56.
D.
$68.
【解析】选D。数字计算题。根据Parking
fees中的“Monday
through
Thursday:
$20”及Entrance
fees中的“Adults:
$12;Children:
$12”可知,他们一家四口星期一下午两点去参观博物馆需要花费12×4+20=68(美元)。
2.
Kids
who
are
fond
of
creating
works
of
art
should
choose
_______.
?
A.
Play
It
Safe
B.
Inventing
Lab
C.
My
Museum
D.
Skyline
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据Activities中的“My
Museum—kids
get
to
create
various
pieces
of
art
that
are
‘all
about
me’”可知,在“我的博物馆”活动中,孩子们可以创作各种“关于我的”艺术品,由此可知,喜欢创作艺术作品的孩子应该选择“我的博物馆”活动。
3.
If
you
go
to
Kids’
Town,
you
can
_______.
?
A.
go
on
a
short
trip
to
a
forest
B.
buy
some
gifts
for
your
friends
C.
know
more
about
pumps
and
dams
D.
experience
Chicago
neighborhood
life
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Activities中的“Kids’
Town—a
playroom
recreating
a
Chicago
neighborhood
where
kids
can
pretend
to
do
things
like
shopping
for
groceries
and
driving
a
CTA
bus”可知,“儿童城”活动营造一种芝加哥社区的环境,所以在这个活动中可以体验到芝加哥的社区生活。
4.
What
can
we
know
about
Chicago
Children’s
Museum?
A.
It
is
a
three-floor
building.
B.
It
is
not
fit
for
adults
or
older
kids.
C.
It
is
the
most
popular
museum
in
Chicago.
D.
It
is
one
of
Chicago’s
top
tourist
attractions.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“this
is
one
of
the
few
Chicago
museums
not
“fun
for
the
whole
family”
as
adults
and
older
kids
will
be
bored
to
tears.
”可知,芝加哥儿童博物馆不适合成人和年龄较大的孩子。
B
If
you
use
social
media
to
chase
away
loneliness,
a
new
study
suggests
you’re
going
against
the
gain.
?
We
may
have
heard
a
lot
about
the
benefits
of
interacting
with
others
online,
but
the
findings
of
a
study
conducted
by
scientists
at
the
University
of
Pittsburgh
School
of
Medicine
show
a
direct
relationship
between
social
media
usage
and
feelings
of
isolation
(隔绝).
In
short,
the
more
time
you
spend
on
social
media,
the
lonelier
you
may
feel.
With
increased
interaction
on
a
large
number
of
apps
that
allow
for
endless
virtual
connectivity,
loneliness
seems
like
the
last
problem
frequent
social
media
users
would
face,
but
according
to
the
leader
of
the
study
Brain
Primack,
it
has
the
exact
opposite
effect.
“Mental
health
problems
and
social
isolation
are
at
widespread
levels
among
young
adults
nowadays,”
Primack
said,
“We
are
naturally
social
creature,
but
modern
life
tends
to
separate
us
instead
of
bringing
us
together.
While
it
may
seem
that
social
media
presents
opportunities
to
fill
the
social
void
(空隙),
I
think
this
study
suggests
that
it
may
not
be
the
solution
people
were
hoping
for.
”
Primack
and
his
team
examined
the
social
media
habits
of
1,787
U.
S.
adults
aged
19
to
32
via
a
questionnaire
that
asked
about
the
time
and
frequency
they
spent
on
the
most
popular
social
media
platforms.
Eventually,
they
determined
that
young
adults
who
are
constantly
logging
into
social
media
reported
more
feelings
of
isolation
than
those
with
less
social
media
usage.
Frequent
exposure
to
unrealistic
descriptions
on
social
media
instead
of
face-to-face
social
interactions
may
give
people
the
impression
that
others
are
living
happier,
more
connected
lives,
and
this
makes
users
feel
more
socially
isolated
in
comparison.
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。研究表明,花在社交媒体上的时间越多,人们可能会越感到孤独。
5.
What
does
the
underlined
phrase
“going
against
the
grain”
in
Paragraph
1
mean?
A.
Doing
it
all
wrong.
B.
On
the
way
to
success.
C.
Taking
a
risk.
D.
Making
a
difference.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。由第一段“If
you
use
social
media
to
chase
away
loneliness,
a
new
study
suggests
you’re
going
against
the
gain.
”以及第二段“
In
short,
the
more
time
you
spend
on
social
media,
the
lonelier
you
may
feel.
”可知,如果你用社交媒体来驱赶孤独,一项新的研究表明,你这是在逆水行舟。简而言之,你花在社交媒体上的时间越多,你可能会感到孤独。所以通过下文的语境可以判断出,第一段中加下划线的短语going
against
the
grain是Doing
it
all
wrong
“都做错了”的意思。
6.
How
did
Primack
and
his
team
conduct
the
study?
A.
By
providing
explanations.
B.
By
collecting
data
online.
C.
By
doing
a
survey.
D.
By
describing
their
own
experiences.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第五段“Primack
and
his
team
examined
the
social
media
habits
of
1,787
U.
S.
adults
aged
19
to
32
via
a
questionnaire
that
asked
about
the
time
and
frequency
they
spent
on
the
most
popular
social
media
platforms.
”可知,Primack和他的团队通过问卷调查了1
787名年龄在19岁到32岁之间的美国成年人的社交媒体习惯,问卷调查了他们在最受欢迎的社交媒体平台上花费的时间和频率。所以Primack和他的团队是通过做一个调查进行这项研究的。
7.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
study?
A.
You
will
feel
happier
if
you
spend
more
time
online.
B.
Interaction
online
is
not
the
solution
to
social
isolation.
C.
Virtual
connectivity
is
the
best
way
to
fill
the
social
void.
D.
Popular
social
media
platforms
can
bring
people
together.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第四段“While
it
may
seem
that
social
media
presents
opportunities
to
fill
the
social
void,
I
think
this
study
suggests
that
it
may
not
be
the
solution
people
were
hoping
for.
”可知,虽然社交媒体似乎提供了填补社会空白的机会,但我认为这项研究表明,这可能不是人们希望的解决方案。所以我们能从研究中得到,在线互动并不是解决社会孤独的办法。故B选项正确。
8.
What
does
the
text
mainly
tell
us?
A.
New
study
on
social
media
usage
has
been
published.
B.
Face-to-face
social
interactions
are
on
the
way
out.
C.
Social
media
does
more
harm
than
good
to
users.
D.
Social
media
might
make
loneliness
worse.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。由第二段“
In
short,
the
more
time
you
spend
on
social
media,
the
lonelier
you
may
feel.
”最后一段“Frequent
exposure
to
unrealistic
descriptions
on
social
media
instead
of
face-to-face
social
interactions
may
give
people
the
impression
that
others
are
living
happier,
more
connected
lives,
and
this
makes
users
feel
more
socially
isolated
in
comparison.
”可知,简而言之,你花在社交媒体上的时间越多,你可能会感到更孤独。频繁地在社交媒体上看到不真实的描述,而不是面对面的社交互动,可能会给人一种其他人生活更快乐、交流更密切的印象,相比之下,这会让许多用户感到更孤独。所以社交媒体,并没有起到积极的作用,相反它让人更加孤独。所以综合几个段落的主要信息,可以判断出,文章主要告诉我们社交媒体可能会使孤独感更严重。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
Most
of
us
probably
have
a
few
hours
a
week
that
we
can
devote
to
our
hobby.
What
if
you
could
change
your
hobby
into
a(n)
1 ??
They
say
if
you
find
a
job
you
love,
you
will
never
work
a
day
in
your
life.
But
this
old
2
is
a
little
too
simple
for
Peter,
CEO
of
Fossil
Realm.
Peter’s
hobby
of
fossil
(化石)
3
began
in
high
school.
His
parents
worked
at
the
Royal
Ontario
Museum,
so
he
inherited
(遗传)
an
interest
in
natural
history.
Peter
remembers
4
his
pocket
money
at
13
to
attend
a
mineral
trade
show
in
Detroit
where
he
5
a
few
fossils
with
the
remaining
money.
Returning
home,
he
6
to
sell
all
the
fossils
he
collected
for
money.
?
This
is
the
first
small
7 ,
leading
to
more
trips
south.
Later
Peter
began
selling
his
fossils
online.
The
8
remained
bywork(业余工作)
to
fund
him
through
college.
By
graduation,
he
had
opened
his
own
e-business
9 .
Running
Fossil
Realm
is
really
his
passionate
(热爱的)
and
rewarding
business;
10
he
says,
“Though
your
business
just
matches
what
you
love,
that
doesn’t
mean
it’ll
11
easily,
nor
will
it
necessarily
be
enjoyable
or
satisfying.
So
you
need
to
work
hard.
His
Fossil
Realm
has
12
to
include
many
museum-quality
finds.
But
the
root
of
his
growing
business
is
the
passion
of
Peter,
who
has
13
lost
the
love
of
fossils
from
the
14 .
Having
passion
will
surely
push
us
to
15
something
we
love
and
change
that
passion
into
action.
?
【语篇概述】这是一篇记叙文,Fossil
Realm的CEO彼得,从小便喜爱化石,长大后也以化石为事业。他的经历告诉我们:
拥有激情促使我们去寻找我们喜欢的东西,但我们更要将激情转化为行动。
1.
A.
career
B.
interest
C.
goal
D.
opinion
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。career职业;interest兴趣;goal目标;opinion意见。根据下文彼得的故事可知,他把自己的爱好转化成了自己的职业,故此处是指“职业”。
2.
A.
story
B.
rule
C.
method
D.
saying
【解析】选D。考查名词短语。story故事;rule规则;method方法;saying谚语。old
saying古话,俗话。故选D。
3.
A.
devotion
B.
protection
C.
collection
D.
creation
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。devotion奉献;protection保护;collection收集;creation创作。根据下文he
inherited
an
interest
in
natural
history可知,他也对自然史很有兴趣;再联系上文提到的爱好与工作的转化,可知此处指的是他收集化石的爱好。
4.
A.
sharing
B.
saving
C.
wasting
D.
lending
【解析】选B。考查词义辨析。sharing分享;saving节约,存储;wasting浪费;lending借给。根据后文彼得买卖化石可知,他应该是把自己的零用钱存起来,才能买化石。
5.
A.
borrowed
B.
invented
C.
bought
D.
donated
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。borrowed借;invented发明;bought买;donated捐赠。根据下文中sell
all
the
fossils
he
collected(他卖掉了他收集的所有化石)可知,他在那里用剩下的钱买了一些化石,后来又卖掉。
6.
A.
tried
B.
wanted
C.
continued
D.
managed
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。tried试图;wanted需要;continued继续;managed设法做到。根据下文This
is
the
first
small
_______,
leading
to
more
trips
south.
Later
Peter
began
selling
his
fossils
online.
可知,他成功卖掉了化石,并开启新的旅程。manage
to
do
sth.
设法做成某事。?
7.
A.
incident
B.
success
C.
challenge
D.
problem
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。incident事件;success成功;challenge挑战;problem难题。他第一次卖掉了自己收集的化石,对他来说这是一次成功。
8.
A.
subject
B.
dream
C.
business
D.
education
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。subject主题;dream梦想;business生意;education教育。根据上文Later
Peter
began
selling
his
fossils
online.
可知,他开始在网上出售化石;本句又提到他靠业余工作维持自己读完大学。故他是将出售化石的这份生意作为自己的业余工作。
9.
A.
museum
B.
show
C.
factory
D.
store
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。museum博物馆;show展览;factory工厂;store商店。根据上文可知,他一直在做出售化石的生意;下文又提到他运营Fossil
Realm,故毕业时他开设了自己的电子商店。
10.
A.
moreover
B.
therefore
C.
meanwhile
D.
however
【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。moreover而且;therefore因此;meanwhile同时;however然而。根据上文Running
Fossil
Realm
is
really
his
passionate
and
rewarding
business可知,经营Fossil
Realm确实是他充满激情和回报丰厚的事业,下文又说nor
will
it
necessarily
be
enjoyable
or
satisfying.
So
you
need
to
work
hard.
它也不一定是令人满意的,所以你需要努力工作。
11.
A.
take
off
B.
set
off
C.
break
off
D.
put
off
【解析】选A。考查动词短语。take
off突然成功;set
off出发;break
off突然停止;put
off推迟。根据下文中nor
will
it
necessarily
be
enjoyable
or
satisfying.
So
you
need
to
work
hard.
可知,它也不一定是令人满意的,所以你需要努力工作。故此处说的是,这并不意味着你会轻易地成功。
12.
A.
expanded
B.
changed
C.
moved
D.
started
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。expanded扩大;changed改变;moved移动;started开始。根据后文可知,他的事业蒸蒸日上,那么他的Fossil
Realm规模肯定会扩大。
13.
A.
always
B.
never
C.
seldom
D.
ever
【解析】选B。考查副词词义辨析。always总是;never从不;seldom很少;ever曾经。根据上文可知,他从小喜欢化石,还把化石作为他的事业,故他从未放弃过对化石的喜欢。
14.
A.
adulthood
B.
neighborhood
C.
brotherhood
D.
childhood
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。adulthood成年;neighborhood街坊;brotherhood兄弟关系;childhood童年时期。根据上文可知,他从孩童时期便对化石有很大的兴趣。
15.
A.
admit
B.
expect
C.
seek
D.
permit
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。admit承认;expect期望;seek寻找;permit允许。根据彼得的经历可知,他因为对化石的热爱,从小便开始自己寻求去接触关于化石的事情,而且一直在努力做着化石的事业,故激情可以促使我们去寻求自己喜欢的事物,并将激情转化为行动。
Ⅲ.
书面表达
假定你是李华,
你的英国笔友Andrew不久前去美国留学,他给你写信说很不适应那里的生活。请你根据以下提示用英语给他写一封回信,鼓励他勇敢面对。
1.
尊重当地的风俗习惯;
2.
与美国学生多交流;
3.
积极参加户外活动;
4.
注意与人交往的礼仪。
注意:
1.
词数80个左右;
2.
可以适当增加内容,以使行文连贯。
Dear
Andrew,
How
nice
to
hear
from
you
again!
____________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li
Hua
【参考范文】
Dear
Andrew,
How
nice
to
hear
from
you
again!
I
think
it
is
natural
for
you
not
to
get
used
to
the
life
there.
Here
I
have
some
suggestions
for
you.
First
of
all,
you
should
respect
the
local
customs
there
and
try
to
involve
yourself
in
the
natives’
lives.
Just
as
the
saying
goes,
“When
in
Rome,
do
as
the
Romans
do.
”
Secondly,
don’t
be
afraid
to
communicate
with
American
students
and
make
friends
with
them.
It
is
friendship
that
will
bring
you
happiness.
Additionally,
it
is
better
for
you
to
join
in
more
outdoor
activities
with
your
friends,
which
may
help
you
relax
and
have
fun.
Finally,
mind
your
own
manners
and
remain
modest
and
honest
when
getting
along
with
your
friends.
I
do
hope
my
suggestions
will
help
you.
May
you
adapt
to
your
new
life
and
enjoy
your
stay
there.
Best
wishes!
Yours,
Li
Hua
PAGE
