课时素养检测
十四 Unit
4 Period
2
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
What
is
a
hero?We
may
think
of
the
fictional
characters
with
supernatural
powers
or
great
people
who
can
influence
world
events.
Now,as
the
nation
continues
its
all-out
efforts
to
fight
against
the
novel
coronavirus
pneumonia(COVID-19),
medical
staff
have
become
heroes
in
the
eyes
of
the
public.
As
of
Feb
19,a
total
of
32,000
medical
staff
outside
Hubei
Province
have
been
working
to
treat
patients
around
the
center
of
the
outbreak.
Zhang
Dingyu,the
president
of
Wuhan
Jinyintan
Hospital,is
one
of
these
heroes.
Since
the
hospital
received
the
first
seven
patients
in
December,Zhang
has
been
so
busy
that
he
barely
gets
any
sleep.
Even
suffering
from
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis(肌萎缩侧索硬化),the
56-year-old
doctor
is
doing
his
best
to
quicken
his
pace
to
save
precious
time
for
infected
patients.
“I
have
to
run,racing
against
time
to
save
more
patients
from
the
deadly
disease,because
I
don’t
have
much
time
left
in
my
life,”Zhang
told
Xinhua
News
Agency.
With
the
duty
of
saving
lives,many
medical
professionals
like
Zhang
have
been
working
long
hours
for
days,despite
their
fear
and
worries.
Lu
Jingjing
from
Wuhan
Children’s
Hospital
also
works
at
a
temporary
mobile
hospital.
She
does
not
let
her
parents
know
that
she
is
now
working
with
novel
coronavirus-infected
patients.
When
her
parents
ask
for
a
video
chat,Lu
says
she
is
working
and
lets
her
husband
and
children
chat
with
them
instead.
“It’s
dangerous
but
we
should
win
the
battle
with
the
virus
as
soon
as
possible,so
that
medical
staff
and
patients
can
go
back
home,”she
told
China
Daily.
US
writer
Khalil
Gibran(1883—1931)once
wrote,“Tenderness
and
kindness
are
not
signs
of
weakness
and
despair,but
the
manifestations
of
strength
and
resolution.
”It’s
true
for
the
medical
workers.
Everyone
has
fear,especially
when
it
comes
to
deadly
diseases.
But
for
medical
staff,saving
lives
comes
first
and
is
enough
for
them
to
be
brave
and
stay
on
the
front.
They
may
look
like
ordinary
people
in
daily
life,but
in
these
extraordinary
times,they
are
heroes.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇新闻报道,叙述了在武汉参与抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎的医务人员为战胜疫情所做出的努力。这些最美的逆行者才是真正的英雄。
1.
What
is
the
author’s
main
purpose
in
writing
this
article?
A.
To
explain
what
makes
a
modern-day
hero.
B.
To
praise
medical
staff
for
their
efforts
to
fight
against
COVID-19.
C.
To
describe
what
measures
China
has
taken
to
deal
with
the
virus.
D.
To
show
the
difficulties
faced
by
medical
staff
to
treat
COVID-19
patients.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。文章为新闻报道,往往在第一段交待写作的中心,故第一段中“Now,as
the
nation
continues
its
all-out
efforts
to
fight
against
the
novel
coronavirus
pneumonia(COVID-19),medical
staff
have
become
heroes
in
the
eyes
of
the
public.
”可知,在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎的战役中,医务人员已经成为公众眼中的英雄,因此作者写这篇文章的目的是赞扬奋战在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎一线的医务人员所做出的努力。故选B项。
2.
What
do
we
learn
from
Zhang
Dingyu’s
words?
A.
His
illness
has
turned
him
into
an
impatient
man.
B.
His
illness
makes
him
work
without
fear.
C.
He
feels
sorry
for
himself
because
of
his
illness.
D.
He
wants
to
help
as
many
patients
as
possible.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I
have
to
run,racing
against
time
to
save
more
patients
from
the
deadly
disease,because
I
don’t
have
much
time
left
in
my
life”可知,张定宇想帮助尽可能多的病人(为他们治疗)。故选D。
3.
Why
doesn’t
Lu
Jingjing
answer
her
parents’
video
calls?
A.
She
is
too
busy
and
has
no
time
for
video
chats.
B.
She
doesn’t
want
her
parents
to
worry
about
her.
C.
It’s
not
allowed
to
make
a
video
call
from
the
hospital.
D.
There
is
no
WiFi
signal
at
the
temporary
mobile
hospital.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。从第五段“Lu
Jingjing
from
Wuhan
Children’s
Hospital
also
works
at
a
temporary
mobile
hospital.
She
does
not
let
her
parents
know
that
she
is
now
working
with
novel
coronavirus-infected
patients.
”可知,陆晶晶不接父母的视频电话是怕父母为自己担心。故选B。
4.
The
underlined
word
“manifestations”
in
the
second-to-last
paragraph
probably
means_______.
?
A.
results
B.
differences
C.
indications
D.
advantages
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Tenderness
and
kindness
are
not
signs
of
weakness
and
despair”可知,温柔和善良不是软弱和绝望的表现,此处是说它们是力量和决心的表现,由此可知画线词表示“标志、表现”。故选C。
B
Panic
Buying
Shoppers
around
the
world
are
crazy
buying
because
of
fears
over
2019-nCoV(新型冠状病毒),which
caused
a
critical
plague
in
China
and
even
other
countries
at
the
beginning
of
2020.
People
in
countries
such
as
England,Japan,
Singapore
and
Australia
have
been
emptying
supermarket
shelves
of
toilet
paper,face
masks,hand
wash
products
and
dried
and
canned
food.
Photos
and
videos
of
shoppers
in
Australia
quarreling
over
the
last
pack
of
toilet
roll
in
a
supermarket
have
spread
across
social
media
swiftly.
However,
governments
have
advised
their
citizens
that
there
is
no
need
to
“panic
buy”.
They
added
that
panic
buying
would
only
reduce
the
supply
of
products
needed
by
patients
and
medical
staff,which
could
exacerbate
the
problems
the
COVID-19
virus
is
causing.
Singapore’s
prime
minister
comforted
Singaporeans
that:
“We
have
enough
supplies.
There’s
no
need
to
stock
up.
”A
week
after
the
panic
buying
fever,things
have
calmed
down
and
shoppers
have
gone
back
to
purchasing
items
in
normal
quantities.
Psychologists
say
panic
buying
is
an
“unwise”
behavior
that
is
part
of
a
condition
called
FOMO—the
fear
of
missing
out.
Dr.
Katharina
Wittgens
said
a
herd
mentality(从众心理)sets
in
during
disasters
that
causes
people
to
copy
the
actions
of
others.
People
watch
the
news
of
items
being
bought
in
quantity
and
immediately
rush
out
to
the
stores
to
do
the
same.
She
said
people
were
taking
on
too
much
the
risks
of
dying
from
the
coronavirus.
She
said:
“Far
more
people
die
in
car
accidents
or
household
accidents
per
year
but
we
don’t
panic
about
these
things
in
the
morning
before
we
go
to
work.
”
【语篇概述】本文为说明文,介绍了新冠肺炎疫情袭来,世界各地的人们恐慌性疯狂抢购的现象。政府建议市民没有必要抢购。心理学家也分析了恐慌性购买的心理学原因,指出是人们的从众心理导致了这种“不明智”的行为。
5.
What
made
shoppers
in
different
countries
crazy
buying?
A.
The
approach
of
2020
New
Year’s
Day.
B.
The
shortage
of
resources
and
supplies
in
their
nations.
C.
Their
concern
about
the
virus.
D.
The
discount
from
supermarkets.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第一段第一句Shoppers
around
the
world
are
crazy
buying
because
of
fears
over
2019-nCoV,which
caused
a
critical
plague
in
China
and
even
other
countries
at
the
beginning
of
2020.
可知,对病毒的担忧导致世界各地的人疯狂购物。故选C。
6.
What
does
the
underlined
word
in
Paragraph
2
refer
to?
A.
solve
B.
release C.
worsen D.
quicken
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据上文They
added
that
panic
buying
would
only
reduce
the
supply
of
products
needed
by
patients
and
medical
staff可知,他们补充说,恐慌性抢购只会减少患者和医护人员所需物资的供给,从而使COVID-19病毒造成的问题恶化。由此可知,画线单词意为“使恶化”。故选C。
7.
What
is
the
reason
for
this
behavior
according
to
Dr.
Katharina
Wittgens?
A.
People
tend
to
follow
others’
actions
in
the
period
of
disaster.
B.
People
are
wiser
in
making
decisions.
C.
People
think
no
one
needs
the
supplies.
D.
People
do
not
believe
what
others
said.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第三段第二句Dr.
Katharina
Wittgens
said
a
herd
mentality
sets
in
during
disasters
that
causes
people
to
copy
the
actions
of
others.
可知,她认为造成这种现象的原因是灾难时期人们的从众心理在作怪。故选A。
8.
What
can
be
concluded
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.
People
should
not
panic
over
the
virus.
B.
More
people
die
from
car
accidents.
C.
People
buy
little
when
they
go
to
the
stores.
D.
We
should
panic
about
the
situation.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。从文章最后一段最后一句She
said:
“Far
more
people
die
in
car
accidents
or
household
accidents
per
year
but
we
don’t
panic
about
these
things
in
the
morning
before
we
go
to
work.
”可知,人们没有必要对这种病毒感到恐慌。故选A。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
Last
week
I
met
a
homeless
man
over
the
phone
when
I
was
calling
Father
Benno’s,a
soup
kitchen(贫民救济处).
I
invited
him
to
have
lunch
with
me
at
the
Soup
Plantation
so
that
he
could
eat
as
much
as
he
wanted
to
fill
his
stomach,I
felt
1
inside
made
me
invite
him
to
lunch.
Since
he
did
not
have
a
2 ,I
offered
to
pick
him
up.
?
We
had
a 3
four-hour
lunch.
I
learned
a
lot
about
his
struggles
but
more
importantly,I
left
lunch
feeling
4
for
a
roof
over
my
head,warm
shower,comfortable
bed,and
food
on
the
table—all
of
which
we
may
not
5
twice
about.
He,too, 6
the
connection,his
lunch,and
a
rest
from
spending
his
afternoon
on
the
streets.
?
I
learned
long
ago
that
one
person
alone
cannot 7
the
homeless
epidemic(泛滥)in
California
or
the
U.
S.
However,each
person
can
make
an
effort
to 8 the
homeless
in
their
own
way.
Did
you
know
that
40%
of
the
U.
S.
population
get
salary
that
barely
cover
the
9
living
expenses?Should
a
financial
emergency
or
burden
occur,any
one
of
those
40%
can
end
up
10
on
the
streets.
?
For
this
holiday
season,perhaps
you
may
want
to 11
something
new
to
help
the
homeless.
Buy
a
meal
for
the
person
asking
for
money
instead
of
giving
him
spare
12 .
If
you
can
make
the
time
and
find
courage,invite
them
to
13
a
meal
with
you.
Jesse
Jackson
once
said,“Never
look
down
on
anybody
unless
you
are
helping
them
up,”
and
Rumi
14
us,“When
we
practice
loving
15
and
sympathy,we
are
the
first
one
to
profit.
”?
【语篇概述】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己邀请无家可归的人吃午餐的经历,告诉读者,虽然只靠一个人不能解决问题,但是一个人可以为问题的解决贡献自己的力量。作者最后写道:
“不要轻视任何人。在践行充满爱的善意和同情的时候,我们是第一个受益者。”
1.
A.
everything
B.
anything
C.
something
D.
nothing
【解析】选C。考查不定代词辨析。everything一切;
anything任何事物;something某物;nothing没什么。作者觉得在内心有某种东西在驱使着自己邀请无家可归者吃饭。故选C。
2.
A.
table
B.
bed
C.
roof
D.
car
【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。从下文I
offered
to
pick
him
up可知,无家可归者没有车,所以作者主动提出开车接他。故选D。
3.
A.
wonderful
B.
terrible
C.
regular
D.
free
【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。句意:
我们吃了一顿很棒的四小时午餐。wonderful极好的;
terrible糟糕的;regular有规律的;free
免费的。由下文的four-hour
lunch可知,这顿午饭作者感觉特别好(wonderful)。故选A。
4.
A.
convenient
B.
grateful
C.
responsible
D.
thirsty
【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。convenient便利的;grateful感激的;responsible负责的;thirsty
口渴的。与无家可归的人相比,作者有自己的屋子,可以洗上热水澡、睡上舒服的床、享用桌子上的食物。作者对此很感恩(grateful)。故选B。
5.
A.
think
B.
talk
C.
argue
D.
worry
【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。think想;talk聊天;
argue争论;
worry
担心。文章中提到的a
roof
over
my
head,warm
shower,comfortable
bed,and
food
on
the
table
对作者而言都是极其平常的东西,不需要反复思考(think
twice)。故选A。
6.
A.
saw
B.
established
C.
enjoyed
D.
regretted
【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。saw看见;
established建立;enjoyed享受;regretted
后悔。无家可归者也很享受这种联系。故选C。
7.
A.
solve
B.
cause
C.
consider
D.
tolerate
【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。solve解决;cause导致;consider考虑;tolerate
忍受。从下文each
person
can
make
an
effort
to
_______the
homeless
in
their
own
way可知,一个人不能解决(solve)无家可归者泛滥的问题。故选A。?
8.
A.
understand
B.
release
C.
avoid
D.
help
【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。understand理解;
release释放;avoid避免;help帮助。
从下文For
this
holiday
season,perhaps
you
may
want
to
_______something
new
to
help
the
homeless.
中的help(帮助)可知,“每个人都可以以自己的方式努力去帮助无家可归的人”。故选D。?
9.
A.
vast
B.
high
C.
basic
D.
extra
【解析】选
C。考查形容词辨析。vast巨大的;
high高的;basic基本的;extra额外的。barely
cover说明经济不宽裕,就只能支付基本生活费用。故选C。
10.
A.
fearless
B.
careless
C.
homeless
D.
useless
【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。fearless无畏的;careless粗心的;
homeless无家可归的;useless无用的。根据上文
the
homeless
epidemic
in
California
or
the
U.
S.
可知,如果财政危机或负担出现,这40%的人中的任意一个人可能会无家可归,流落街头。故选C。
11.
A.
buy
B.
try
C.
refuse
D.
notice
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。buy买;try尝试;
refuse拒绝;notice
注意到。下文Buy
a
meal
for
the
person
asking
for
money
instead
of
giving
him
spare
_______.
If
you
can
make
the
time
and
find
courage,invite
them
to
_______a
meal
with
you.
都是尝试(try)帮助无家可归者的不同办法。故选B。?
12.
A.
meal
B.
room
C.
time
D.
change
【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。meal饭;room房间;time时间;change
零钱。与前文的asking
for
money相照应,“为无家可归的人买一顿饭,而不是给他零钱”。故change符合语境。故选D。
13.
A.
cook
B.
share
C.
treat
D.
provide
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。cook烹饪;share分享;treat对待;provide提供。
如果你有时间,鼓起勇气,邀请他们跟你共享一顿饭。
邀请他们一起吃饭,是分享。故选B。
14.
A.
persuades
B.
requests
C.
reminds
D.
warns
【解析】选
C。考查动词辨析。persuades劝说;
requests要求;reminds提醒;
warns警告。句意:
Rumi提醒我们,当我们践行充满爱的善意和同情的时候,我们是第一个受益者。故选
C。
15.
A.
appreciation
B.
honesty
C.
approval
D.
kindness
【解析】选
D。考查名词辨析。请无家可归者吃饭,是对无家可归者展现善意(kindness)。故选
D。
【技法导练】如何处理阅读中的长难句障碍
阅读理解得分低的一个主要原因是句子太长或者句子结构复杂,除了主干之外还包含了一些附加部分,如插入语、同位语、分隔现象、各种从句或较长的非谓语动词短语等。了解处理长难句的方法,问题便会迎刃而解。
1.
找谓语,找定语
一般情况下,一个谓语形式的动词对应相应的发出者(主语),我们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语动词,则该句可以是并列句或复合句(并列谓语动词的情况除外)。
2.
提主干,去枝叶
一般情况下,一个句子的主句所表达的信息为主要信息,从句、状语和定语等所表达的信息为次要信息。若句子的主干提炼不出来,就不能完全把握句子的核心意义,从而导致思维混乱,主次不分。
3.
寻关联,辨逻辑
长句其实是由若干分句组成的并列句或复合句,它们之间需要一些关联词来连接。如果我们能找准这些关联词,就能够弄清楚句与句之间的逻辑关系,弄清主、从句的各自意义,长句就变得很容易理解了。要掌握此方法必须对英语中的常见的关联词谙熟于心。
4.
看搭配,防分隔
有时一个长句或难句是由一个或多个搭配构成的,而且这些搭配中常常出现分隔现象。如果受分隔现象的干扰而看不清句子的本来面目,则对句意的理解就会发生偏差。
总之,在阅读过程中遇到长难句时,根据实际情况综合使用上述方法,才能正确理解句意,提高阅读理解的能力。
PAGE课时素养检测
十五 Unit
4 Period
3
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
When
it
comes
to
medical
care,many
patients
and
doctors
believe
“more
is
better.
”
But
what
they
do
not
realize
is
that
overtreatment—too
many
scans,too
many
blood
tests,too
many
procedures—may
bring
harm.
Sometimes
a
test
leads
you
down
a
path
to
more
and
more
testing,some
of
which
may
be
invasive,or
to
treatment
for
things
that
should
be
left
alone.
Terrence
Power,for
example,complained
that
after
his
wife
learned
she
had
Wegener’s
disease,an
uncommon
disorder
of
the
immune
system,they
found
it
difficult
to
refuse
testing
recommended
by
her
doctor.
The
doctor
insisted
on
office
visits
every
three
weeks,even
when
she
was
feeling
well.
He
frequently
ordered
blood
tests
and
X-rays,and
repeatedly
referred
her
to
specialists
for
even
minor
complaints.
Even
when
tests
came
back
negative,more
were
ordered,and
she
was
hospitalized
as
prevention
when
she
developed
a
cold.
She
had
as
many
as
25
doctor
visits
during
one
six-month
period.
The
couple
was
spending
about
$30,000
a
year
for
her
care.
After
several
years
of
physical
suffering
and
near
financial
ruin
from
the
medical
costs,the
couple
began
questioning
the
treatment
after
discussing
with
other
patients
in
online
support
groups.
“It’s
a
really
hard
thing
to
determine
when
they’ve
crossed
the
line,”
Mr
Power
said.
“You
think
she’s
getting
the
best
care
in
the
world,but
after
a
while
you
start
to
wonder:
What
is
the
purpose?”Mr
Power
then
spoke
with
his
own
primary
care
doctor,who
advised
him
to
find
a
new
specialist
to
oversee
Mrs
Power’s
care.
Under
the
new
doctor’s
care,the
regular
testing
stopped
and
Mrs
Power’s
condition
was
stable.
Now
she
sees
the
doctor
only
four
or
five
times
a
year.
【语篇概述】本篇为医疗类话题的说明文。在疾病的治疗上,很多病人和医生都认为越多越好。但是Terrence
Power的妻子患韦格纳氏病后就医的经历却说明过度治疗会给病人带来危害。
1.
What
is
the
main
idea
of
this
passage?
A.
Treatments
do
not
always
cause
harmful
side
effects.
B.
Patients
tend
to
believe
more
testing
is
better
treatment.
C.
Too
much
medical
care
may
not
be
beneficial
to
patients.
D.
Doctors
generally
recommend
office
visits
that
are
necessary.
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。浏览全文,结合第一段第二句“But
what
they
do
not
realize
is
that
overtreatment—too
many
scans,too
many
blood
tests,too
many
procedures—may
bring
harm.
”可知,文章的主要观点是过多的医疗检查或护理对病人并无益处,故选C。
2.
Which
of
the
following
was
a
problem
for
Mrs
Power
during
her
medical
treatment?
A.
She
had
to
be
hospitalized
for
three
weeks
whenever
she
had
a
cold.
B.
When
test
results
showed
she
was
fine,her
doctor
still
ordered
more
tests.
C.
She
did
not
have
any
insurance,so
she
became
penniless
because
of
her
illness.
D.
Her
doctor
asked
her
to
consult
other
specialists
due
to
her
constant
complaints.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由文章第二段,特别是这一段的He
frequently
ordered
blood
tests
and
X-rays,and
repeatedly
referred
her
to
specialists
for
even
minor
complaints.
可知,Power夫人的问题是当她的检查结果良好时,医生仍然让她做检测,故选B。
3.
Who
does
“they”
in
the
third
paragraph
most
likely
refer
to?
A.
Doctors.
B.
Other
patients.
C.
Mr
and
Mrs
Power.
D.
The
online
support
groups.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。该词所在句意为:
很难断定医生是不是过度治疗。故they指代的是医生。故选A。
B
Like
a
lot
of
health-care
professionals,Dr.
Brian
Goldman
finds
it
extremely
difficult
to
draw
boundaries
between
his
work
and
personal
lives.
“There’s
this
view
that
you
should
suck
it
up
and
do
one
more
thing,”
says
the
ER
physician
and
host
of
CBC’s
White
Coat,Black
Art.
But
that
“one
more
thing”
often
comes
at
Goldman’s
expense.
“You’re
exhausted
and
a
patient
or
their
family
look
at
you
with
begging
eyes,”he
says.
“So
you
have
this
dilemma:
say
that
your
shift
is
over
or
give
until
you’re
totally
spent?”
Goldman’s
work
stress
combined
with
family
tension
after
his
mother
was
diagnosed
with
dementia
20
years
ago.
Caring
for
her
over
a
decade
was
difficult,as
was
dealing
with
his
father’s
grief.
“When
someone
else
is
drowning
you,you
have
to
grab
a
life
preserver
and
save
yourself,”
says
Goldman.
Setting
boundaries
isn’t
just
important
for
busy
professionals;everyone
can
benefit
from
managing
situations
that
cause
undue
stress
or
pain.
Here
are
some
tips.
First,“If
someone’s
behavior
makes
you
unhappy—and
it
could
be
anything
from
the
way
they
speak
to
you
to
repeatedly
failing
to
stick
to
their
promise—then
there’s
room
to
set
limits,”says
Patrick
Keelan,a
Calgary
psychologist.
We
often
avoid
setting
limits
because
we
prioritize
the
happiness
and
comfort
of
others
over
ours.
In
order
to
control
this
impulse,Goldman
suggests
framing
the
development
of
boundaries
as
a
form
of
self-kindness.
When
facing
an
overwhelming
situation
like
the
one
he
was
in
with
his
father,Goldman
suggests
reflecting
on
what
is
making
you
feel
uncomfortable,unhappy
or
unappreciated.
“You
can’t
relate
to
others
or
be
kind
to
others
if
you
aren’t
kind
to
yourself,”he
says.
?
Second,once
you’ve
become
aware
of
your
needs,setting
and
maintaining
boundaries
requires
clear
verbal
communication.
There
are
three
obstacles
to
enforcing
boundaries
in
a
relationship:
fear,guilt
and
self-doubt,says
psychologist
Nicole
MaCance.
We
often
fear
that
if
we
set
limits,the
other
person
will
reject
us,or
we
feel
bad
claiming
our
needs.
Keelan
proposes
setting
ground
rules
before
relationships
become
tense.
Start
by
cooperatively
listing
values—like
mutual
respect,support,and
loyalty—and
then
building
the
guidelines
from
these
values.
If
you’re
struggling
to
reach
a
consensus,Keelan
recommends
engaging
a
third
party,such
as
a
therapist
to
help.
Now,if
you
want
a
boundary
to
stick
to,you
can’t
enable
someone
in
breaking
it.
As
such,it’s
crucial
to
establish
consequences
for
transgressions(越轨).
Otherwise,McCance
says,“you’re
giving
them
permission
to
violate
that
boundary.
”If
they
won’t
respect
your
boundaries,you
have
to
do
some
soul-searching
about
the
value
of
the
relationship.
“When
you
feel
bad
more
than
you
feel
good
in
this
person’s
presence
and
when
the
relationship
is
impacting
your
self-worth
and
happiness,it’s
time
to
reassess,”says
McCance.
Saying
no
is
hard,but
she
suggests
framing
it
as
saying
yes
to
healthier
relationships.
“We’re
all
better
mothers
and
partners
and
brothers
when
we
have
boundaries.
”
【语篇概述】本篇为说明文,讨论了医务工作者工作和个人生活之间设定必要的界限的重要性,同时就如何设定界限提出了几点建议。
4.
What
do
we
know
about
Goldman?
A.
He
is
in
need
of
support
in
his
work.
B.
He
is
caught
between
his
work
and
life.
C.
He
slides
into
the
state
of
desperation.
D.
He
always
puts
his
family
at
the
first
place.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“Like
a
lot
of
health-care
professionals,Dr.
Brian
Goldman
finds
it
extremely
difficult
to
draw
boundaries
between
his
work
and
personal
lives.
”可知,像许多医疗保健专业人士一样,布菜恩·戈德曼博士发现他很难在工作和个人生活之间划清界限,也就是在工作和生活之间进退维谷。故选B。
5.
What
do
the
underlined
words
“this
impulse”
in
the
fourth
paragraph
refer
to?
A.
prioritizing
others’
happiness
B.
avoiding
setting
limits
C.
failing
to
stick
to
their
promise
D.
framing
the
development
of
boundaries
【解析】选A。代词指代题。根据画线词所在句的前一句提到
“we
prioritize
the
happiness
and
comfort
of
others
over
ours”可知,this
impulse“这种冲动”指的就是“优先考虑别人的幸福”。故选A。
6.
What’s
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.
Do
communicate
B.
Do
not
cross
C.
Identify
your
limits
D.
Say
no
and
mean
it
【解析】选B。标题归纳题。文章开始谈医疗保健专业人士布莱恩·戈德曼博士发现他很难在工作和个人生活之间划清界限。然后第二段举例说明这样做的危害。这两段是导入主题之前的铺垫。随后的第三段提出文章的主题,即
“Setting
boundaries
isn’t
just
important
for
busy
professionals;everyone
can
benefit
from
managing
situations
that
cause
undue
stress
or
pain.
”(设定界限不仅对忙碌的专业人士很重要,每个人都可以从成功应对造成过度压力或痛苦的情况中获益。)接下来几段作者就如何设定界限提出了几点建议。所以“Do
not
cross”能够概括整篇文章中心,提醒人们要设定必要的界限,并且永远都不要超越界限。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
There
are
times
when
we
feel
as
if
our
bad
circumstances
will
never
change.
When
we
meet
troubles
or
problems
in
our
lives,we
are 1
for
a
sign
that
tells
us
everything
will
be
2
and
get
better.
?
When
in
this
mindset(心态),I
think
back
to
a
3
I
once
heard
about
a
family
having
dinner
at
a
Chinese
restaurant.
At
the
end
of
the
meal,everyone
4
their
fortune
cookie
and
read
their
messages
out
loud.
5
,the
youngest
child
did
not,she
went
to
get
another
fortune
cookie.
This
6
several
times
before
the
mom
stopped
her
and
asked,“What
are
you
doing?”The
little
child
responded,“I
am
looking
for
a
cookie
with
the
7
fortune
for
me.
”
The
mom
said,“There
is
only
one
thing
you
need
to 8
and
it’s
not
in
a
fortune
cookie.
That
is
where
there
is
a
will
there’s
a
way.
”?
When
9
are
not
going
our
way,we
may
10
the
“right
fortune”.
We
seek
the
hope
for
our
11
so
that
it
will
be
better
than
the
present.
Once
the
Israelis
were
expelled(驱逐)
in
a
foreign
country
against
their
will.
At
that
time,everything
was
12
for
them,but
they
didn’t
lose
hope;
instead,they
13 to
their
new
environment
positively.
Years
later
they
returned
to
their
homeland
as
they
had
14 .
?
In
life
we
need
to
take
action
and
hope
and
believe
that
nothing
is
impossible
to
a
willing
mind.
It
does
15
that
good
things
do
come
out
of
bad
and
difficult
situations.
?
【文章概述】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了这样一个小故事:
一个家庭在中餐馆吃饭,妈妈告诉最小的孩子,寻找幸运曲奇没有意义,需要知道
“有志者事竟成”的道理,在生活中,我们需要采取行动,怀抱希望,坚信“有志者,事竟成”。
1.
A.
ready
B.
grateful
C.
responsible
D.
desperate
【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。ready
准备好的;grateful
感激的;
responsible
负责任的;desperate
极度渴望的。根据前文When
we
meet
troubles
or
problems
in
our
lives可知生活中遇到麻烦或问题时,我们极度渴望得到一个信号来告诉我们“一切都是可以解决的,一切都会变得更好”。故选D。
2.
A.
settled B.
hidden C.
defeated D.
gone
【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。settled
解决;hidden隐藏;defeated打败;gone逝去。根据前文When
we
meet
troubles
or
problems
in
our
lives可知,一切都是可以解决的。故选A。
3.
A.
message
B.
story
C.
problem
D.
case
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。message
消息;story
故事;problem问题;case情况,实例。从空后的
“I
once
heard
about
a
family
having
dinner
at
a
Chinese
restaurant”可知,作者想起了一个曾经听说过的故事。故选B。
4.
A.
ate
B.
tasted
C.
touched
D.
opened
【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。ate
吃;tasted尝;touched
触摸;opened
打开。根据后文宾语“fortune
cookie”可知,应是中餐馆给客人的包有预测未来运气的小纸条的幸运曲奇,因此打开之后才能看到小纸条上的内容。故选D。
5.
A.
Anyhow
B.
However
C.
Otherwise
D.
Therefore
【解析】选B。考查副词。每个人都大声读出上面的的内容,然而,最小的孩子没有,她去拿另外一个幸运曲奇。由语境可知,前后两句是转折关系。故选B。
6.
A.
changed
B.
ran
C.
happened
D.
showed
【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。changed
改变;ran跑,流淌;happened发生;
showed
表示,展示。从后面的
before
the
mom
stopped
her
and
asked,“What
are
you
doing?”可知,这种情况发生了多次才引起了妈妈的注意。故选C。
7.
A.
good
B.
bad
C.
wrong
D.
right
【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。good
好的;
bad坏的;wrong
错的;
right
对的。根据后文When
_______are
not
going
our
way,we
may
_______the
“right
fortune”.
可知本句中应是“right
fortune”。?
8.
A.
doubt
B.
guess
C.
know
D.
hope
【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。doubt怀疑;guess猜测;know知道;hope希望。根据后文“That
is
where
there
is
a
will
there’s
a
way.
可知,句意:
只有一个道理你要懂得,这不在幸运曲奇中。这是妈妈希望小孩子能够懂得的道理。故选C。
9.
A.
memories
B.
things
C.
questions
D.
chances
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。memories
记忆;things情况;questions问题;
chances
机会,可能性。句意:
当情况不按我们预想的方式发展时,When
_______are
not
going
our
way,we
may
_______the
“right
fortune”.
在表达:
事情不是按照我们预想的方式发展,我们可能去寻找“正确的运气”。故选B。?
10.
A.
search
for
B.
make
up
C.
take
out
D.
wrestle
with
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。search
for寻找;make
up构成,编造,弥补;take
out去掉,取出,带某人外出;wrestle
with全力对付,努力克服。句意:
我们可能去寻找“正确的运气”。故选A。
11.
A.
family
B.
work
C.
business
D.
future
【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。family家庭;work工作;business
生意,商业;
future
未来。根据下文的so
that
it
will
be
better
than
the
present”可知,应是对未来寄予希望。
12.
A.
easy
B.
difficult
C.
common
D.
special
【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。easy
容易的;
difficult困难的;common
共同的;special特别的。根据前文
Once
the
Israelis
were
expelled
in
a
foreign
country
against
their
will.
可知,他们被驱逐,因此一切都很困难。故选B。
13.
A.
adjusted
B.
turned
C.
stuck
D.
agreed
【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。adjusted调整;turned变成,转过;stuck
卡住;
agreed
同意。由前文“they
didn’t
lose
hope”可知,他们虽然被驱逐,但是没有放弃希望,而是在新环境中积极调整自己。故选A。
14.
A.
left
B.
expected
C.
talked
D.
remembered
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。left
离开;expected期待;talked
谈话;remembered记得。以色列人没有放弃希望,而是积极地调整自己适应新的环境。
多年以后,他们正如期望的那样回到了祖国。故选B。
15.
A.
prove
B.
tell
C.
consider
D.
understand
【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。prove
证明;
tell
告诉,判断;consider考虑,认为;
understand
理解。在生活中,我们需要采取行动,怀抱希望,坚信“有志者,事竟成”,这确实证明了好的事情会从糟糕的、困难的境况中产生。故选A。
Ⅲ.
语法填空
In
many
countries,1.
_________
is
not
unusual
for
families
of
different
backgrounds
to
live
together
in
the
shared
space.
2.
_________,in
the
United
States,this
idea
may
still
be
considered
odd.
?
But
this
type
of
housing,3.
_________(call)
co-housing,is
gaining
4.
_________
(popular)
in
the
United
States,too.
Co-housing
complexes
are
popping
up
across
the
country.
For
many
people,this
way
of
life
is
5.
_________relief
to
the
busy
modern
lifestyle.
A
co-housing
community
has
6.
_________.
(private)
owned
houses
and
shared
land.
There
is
often
a
“common
house”
with
a
kitchen
and
dining
room,
meeting
room,and
maybe
a
workshop
of
library
or
music
room.
About
25
co-housing
communities
7.
_________
(build)
in
recent
years,and
150
more
are
planned.
?
A
co-housing
complex
is
a
place
8.
_________
residents
shop,cook,and
eat
together.
Residents
of
a
co-housing
complex
like
its
sense
of
shared
community.
Children
have
other
kids
to
play
9.
_________,which
many
families
like.
Other
residents
like
the
feeling
of
living
in
a
“village”.
Residents
also
say
that
they
can
live
in
co-housing
for
10.
_________(little)
money
than
they
would
pay
for
nearby
apartments.
?
【语篇概述】本文为说明文,主要分析现在合住在美国越来越受欢迎的原因,并描述了合住的好处。
1.
【解析】it。考查代词用法。句意:
在许多国家,不同背景的家庭生活在共享的空间很平常。分析句子可知,此句的真正主语是不定式“to
live
together
in
the
shared
space”,故要用it充当形式主语。故填it。
2.
【解析】However。考查副词用法。句意:
然而,在美国,这种想法可能仍然被认为很奇怪。分析上下文语境可知,在很多国家这种现象很平常,然而在美国人们仍然认为这种想法很奇怪,表示转折,空后有逗号,且位于句首,故填However。
3.
【解析】called。考查非谓语动词。句意:
但是这种被称为合住的居住方式在美国也越来越受欢迎。
分析句子可知,句中is
gaining是谓语动词,故设空处应用非谓语动词,且call与主语“his
type
of
housing”之间为被动关系,用过去分词作定语。故填called。
4.
【解析】popularity。考查形容词与名词转换。
“gain
popularity”为固定搭配,意为“受欢迎”,用名词作宾语。故填popularity。
5.
【解析】a。考查冠词用法。句意:
对许多人来说,这种生活方式是对忙碌的现代生活方式的一种解脱。relief意为“解脱”,分析句子可知,此处a用于修饰抽象名词,表示“一种解脱”。故填a。
6.
【解析】privately。考查副词。句意:
合住社区有私人所有的房子和共享的土地。句中privately修饰动词own。故填privately。
7.
【解析】have
been
built。考查时态和语态。句意:
近年来已经建设了大约25个共居社区。由句中的时间标志词in
recent
years可知,此处应用现在完成时,又因build与主语“About
25
co-housing
communities”之间为被动关系,故此处要用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have
been
built。
8.
【解析】where。考查定语从句。句意:
合住小区是居民一起购物、做饭和吃饭的地方。分析句子可知,此处是以a
place为先行词的定语从句,且在定语从句中缺少充当地点的状语。故填where。
9.
【解析】with。考查介词搭配。句意:
孩子们可以跟其他孩子一起玩,这是许多家庭喜欢的。play
with
sb.
为固定搭配,意为“与……一起玩”。故填with。
10.
【解析】less。考查形容词比较级。句意:
居民们还表示,与附近的公寓相比,他们能以更少的钱合住。应用little的比较级。故填less。
PAGE课时素养检测
十六 Unit
4 Period
4
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
Frederick
learned
how
to
read
and
write
at
an
early
age.
He
also
worked
hard
in
the
Baltimore
Shipyards
and
saw
how
horrible
slavery
could
be.
He
was
beaten
on
several
occasions,by
his
masters
and
other
shipyard
workers.
He
finally
decided
to
escape,dressed
as
a
sailor,and
made
it
to
the
North.
In
New
Bedford,Massachusetts,in
1838,Frederick
married
Anna
Murray.
The
couple
soon
met
up
with
a
black
man
named
Nathan
Johnson,who
invited
them
to
stay
with
him
and
his
family.
At
that
time,Johnson
was
reading
Sir
Walter
Scott’s
book
The
Lady
of
the
Lake.
Eager
to
leave
his
old
identity
behind,Frederick
changed
his
last
name
to
Douglass,after
a
character
in
the
book.
His
first
exposure
to
the
Anti-Slavery
Society
was
through
reading
the
newspaper,The
Liberator.
He
soon
met
William
Lloyd
Garrison,the
newspaper’s
editor
and
one
of
the
leaders
of
the
Anti-Slavery
Society.
Douglass
gave
a
speech
at
a
Society
meeting,and
many
people
were
very
much
impressed.
Douglass
then
went
to
work
for
the
Society.
And
he
worked
for
it
for
many
years.
After
a
time,people
began
to
doubt
the
sincerity
of
his
stories.
How
could
this
man
who
spoke
with
such
big
words
and
such
high-minded
concepts
have
been
a
slave
just
a
short
time
ago?
To
answer
these
charges,Douglass
published
his
life
story,Narrative
of
the
Life
of
Frederick
Douglass,an
American
Slave.
Douglass
then
went
to
England,where
he
made
important
friends,who
helped
him
buy
his
freedom.
Frederick
Douglass
returned
to
the
United
States
in
1847
as
a
free
man.
He
moved
to
Rochester,New
York,and
began
publishing
a
newspaper,The
North
Star.
The
newspaper’s
motto
was
this:
“Right
is
of
no
sex,truth
is
of
no
color
and
we
are
all
fellow
citizens.
”
After
Lincoln’s
election
and
the
outbreak
of
the
Civil
War,Douglass
continued
to
press
for
the
freedom
of
slaves
and
a
new
cause,the
introduction
of
black
soldiers
into
the
Union
Army.
In
1863,both
the
things
happened.
Lincoln
issued
The
Emancipation
Proclamation,and
Congress
passed
a
law
approving
black
soldiers
in
the
army.
Frederick
Douglass
died
in
1895
after
a
long
illness.
His
voice
continued
to
be
heard
long
after
his
death.
【语篇概述】本文为一篇人物传记。文章介绍了美国黑人废奴运动领袖Frederick为实现黑奴解放所做的努力。
1.
Why
did
Frederick
change
his
name
to
Douglass?
A.
To
forget
his
terrible
past.
B.
To
stay
with
Nathan
Johnson’s
family.
C.
To
get
a
job
in
the
Anti-Slavery
Society.
D.
To
make
the
name
easy
to
remember.
【解析】选A。
细节理解题。由第二段中的Eager
to
leave
his
old
identity
behind,Frederick
changed
his
last
name
to
Douglass,after
a
character
in
the
book.
可知,弗雷德里克把名字改成道格拉斯是渴望抛弃自己的旧身份。故选A项。
2.
How
did
Douglass
begin
to
know
the
Anti-Slavery
Society?
A.
By
giving
a
speech
at
a
Society
meeting.
B.
By
working
for
the
Anti-Slavery
Society.
C.
By
meeting
William
Lloyd
Garrison.
D.
By
reading
the
Society’
s
newspaper.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第三段中的His
first
exposure
to
the
Anti-Slavery
Society
was
through
reading
the
newspaper,The
Liberator.
可知他第一次接触反奴隶制社会是通过阅读报纸。故选D项。
3.
For
what
purpose
did
Douglass
publish
his
life
story?
A.
To
get
the
money
to
travel
to
England.
B.
To
tell
others
his
own
terrible
experience.
C.
To
clarify
some
people’s
doubt
about
his
stories.
D.
To
continue
his
struggle
for
the
freedom
of
slaves.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第四段的doubt一词以及下文的几个问题可知,人们对他的真实身份表示怀疑,由To
answer
these
charges,Douglass
published
his
life
story,Narrative
of
the
Life
of
Frederick
Douglass,an
American
Slave.
可知,道格拉斯出版他的生平故事是为了澄清人们对他的经历的怀疑。故选C项。
4.
When
did
Douglass
become
a
free
man?
A.
Before
he
went
to
England.
B.
After
he
met
Nathan
Johnson.
C.
In
1847
when
he
returned
from
the
UK.
D.
After
Lincoln’s
election
as
president
of
the
US.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第五段中的Douglass
then
went
to
England,where
he
made
important
friends,who
helped
him
buy
his
freedom.
Frederick
Douglass
returned
to
the
United
States
in
1847
as
a
free
man.
可知,道格拉斯在英国结识的朋友帮助他获得了自由,1847年,他从英国回到美国时成为一个自由人。故选C项。
B
How’s
this
for
a
coincidence
(巧合)?
Charles
Darwin
and
Abraham
Lincoln
were
born
in
the
same
year,on
the
same
day:
Feb.
12,1809.
Although
people
hardly
think
of
them
together,we
want
to
say
that
they
belong
together.
It’s
not
just
because
they
were
both
great
men,and
not
because
they
happened
to
live
at
the
same
time.
Rather,it’s
because
the
scientist
and
the
politician
each
started
a
revolution
that
changed
the
world.
They
were
both
revolutionaries
in
the
sense
that
both
men
changed
the
realities
when
they
were
born.
They
seem
and
sound
modern
to
us,because
the
world
they
left
behind
them
is
more
or
less
the
one
we
still
live
in.
So,considering
the
joint
greatness
of
their
contributions
and
the
coincidence
of
their
birthdays
—
it
is
hard
to
wonder:
who
was
the
greatest
man?
It’s
an
apples
and
oranges—
or
Superman
vs.
Santa—comparison.
But
if
you
limit
the
question
to
influence,very
quickly
the
balance
tips
in
Lincoln’s
favor.
As
great
as
his
book
on
evolution
is,it
does
no
harm
to
remember
that
Darwin
hurried
to
publish
The
Origin
of
Species
because
he
thought
he
was
about
to
be
scooped
(抢先)
by
his
fellow
naturalist
Alfred
Russel
Wallace.
Lincoln,however,is
unique.
True,his
election
as
the
president
did
cause
the
recession
(衰退)
and
the
war,but
that
war
seems
certain
to
happen—not
a
question
of
if
but
when.
Certainly
we
know
what
happened
after
he
was
murdered:
Reconstruction
was
organized
and
then
abandoned,leaving
the
issue
of
racial
(种族的)
equality
unsolved
for
another
century.
Surely
we
should
not
deny
Darwin’s
accomplishment.
But
their
same
birthdays
gave
us
a
great
opportunity
to
observe
these
men
of
their
time.
【语篇概要】本文为一篇说明文,对比了美国历史上两个非常著名的人物,达尔文和亚布拉罕·林肯。他们广为人知,不是因为他们都非常巧合地出生在同年、同月、同日,而是因为他们都开启了改变世界的革命:
达尔文提出了生命进化的理论,而林肯带领美国经历了内战。
5.
Why
does
the
author
say
Charles
Darwin
and
Abraham
Lincoln
belong
together?
A.
They
were
born
on
the
same
day.
B.
They
lived
in
the
same
period
of
time.
C.
They
started
revolutions
changing
the
world.
D.
They
were
both
great
men
in
the
history.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由文章第一段中的It’s
not
just
because
they
were
both
great
men,and
not
because
they
happened
to
live
at
the
same
time.
Rather,it’s
because
the
scientist
and
the
politician
each
started
a
revolution
that
changed
the
world.
可知,作者说查尔斯·达尔文和亚伯拉罕·林肯属于同一类人是因为他们开启了改变世界的革命。故选C。
6.
What
does
the
author
mean
by
“an
apples
and
oranges—or
Superman
vs.
Santa—comparison”?
A.
It
is
hard
to
tell
which
one
is
greater
as
they
are
both
outstanding.
B.
The
comparison
between
Darwin
and
Lincoln
is
easy
and
obvious.
C.
It
is
difficult
to
compare
them
as
they
are
as
famous
as
Superman
and
Santa.
D.
There
is
no
point
comparing
them
because
they
were
born
on
the
same
day.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。从第二段中的So,considering
the
joint
greatness
of
their
contributions
and
the
coincidence
of
their
birthdays
—
it
is
hard
to
wonder:
who
was
the
greatest
man?
It’s
an
apples
and
oranges—
or
Superman
vs.
Santa—comparison.
(因此,考虑到他们共同的伟大贡献和他们的生日巧合,我们很难去思考:
谁是最伟大的人?这是一个苹果和橘子——或者超人和圣诞老人的比较)可知,如果单纯比较他们对人类的贡献与他们生日的巧合性,两个人难分伯仲。故选A。
7.
Lincoln’s
contribution
to
the
world
can
be
best
described
as_______.
?
A.
narrow
B.
aggressive
C.
independent
D.
ground-breaking
【解析】选D。推理判断题。从第二段的But
if
you
limit
the
question
to
influence,very
quickly
the
balance
tips
in
Lincoln’s
favor.
及第三段中Lincoln,however,is
unique.
可知,林肯对世界的贡献更具有开拓性的里程碑意义。故选D。
8.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?
A.
Lincoln’s
success
in
election
caused
reconstruction.
B.
Lincoln
had
tried
to
solve
the
racial
problem.
C.
Darwin
was
unique
compared
with
Lincoln.
D.
Darwin’s
theory
is
similar
to
Lincoln’s
belief
.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中的Certainly
we
know
what
happened
after
he
was
murdered:
Reconstruction
was
organized
and
then
abandoned,leaving
the
issue
of
racial
equality
unsolved
for
another
century.
(我们当然知道在他被谋杀后发生了什么:
重建被组织起来,然后又被抛弃,种族平等的问题过了一个世纪里依然没有得到解决)可知,林肯曾经试图解决种族问题,但并没有达到目标。故选B。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
(2020·潍坊高二检测)
I’d
always 1
living
alone:
the
life
of
no
rules
and
regulations
and
being
independent.
So,I
was
2
about
this
new
stage
in
my
life
when
moving
into
my
university
dormitory.
?
3 ,during
the
first
few
months,I’d
found
myself
crying
every
day.
Coming
from
a
big
family,I
was
4
to
noises
surrounding
me.
Therefore,the
scary
5
at
night
was
the
worst.
I
couldn’t
even
6
without
keeping
the
lights
on.
?
As
time
went
by,I
started
enjoying
the 7
that
came
with
living
alone.
The
space
of
loneliness
was
8
by
friends
who
became
like
family.
?
When
it
was
time
to
say
goodbye
and
go
back
home
after
my 9
I
was
bittersweet.
I’d
10
my
time
alone,learning
things
which
wouldn’t
have
been
11
if
I
had
never
moved
away
from
home.
?
I’d
learned
a
lot
from
this 12 .
Living
alone
made
me
value
13
time
even
more.
I
realized
that
every
second
with
them
14
though
I
might
not
get
the
freedom
I
had
while
living
alone.
For
me,there
is
no
warmth
in
a
house
15
it’s
filled
with
loving
members
and
people
you
love.
?
【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者曾梦想着能过独立的生活,但是当他因上大学离开家而住进宿舍时他又感到很不适应。在大学毕业之际,他很感激大学期间他学会了独立生活,同时也懂得了珍惜与家人团聚的日子。
1.
A.
kept
on
B.
dreamed
of
C.
insisted
on
D.
put
off
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。kept
on继续;
dreamed
of梦想;insisted
on坚持;put
off推迟。从文中的I’d
always_______living
alone,the
life
of
no
rules
and
regulations
and
being
independent.
可知,作者想要过独立的无拘无束的生活。他非常向往这种生活。故选B。?
2.
A.
delighted
B.
worried
C.
serious
D.
cautious
【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。delighted高兴的;
worried担心的;serious严肃的;cautious谨慎的。文章第一句提到作者向往独立的生活;搬进大学宿舍,意味着独立生活的开始,梦想得以实现,故作者应该非常开心。故选A。
3.
A.
Undoubtedly
B.
Unwillingly
C.
Unconditionally
D.
Unexpectedly
【解析】选D。考查副词辨析。Undoubtedly确实地;
Unwillingly不情愿地;Unconditionally无条件地;
Unexpectedly意外地。结合下文I’d
found
myself
crying
every
day.
可知,过上了自己向往的生活,应该是很高兴才对,但出人意料的是,作者自己每天都在哭。故选D。
4.
A.
deaf
B.
cruel
C.
accustomed
D.
opposed
【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。deaf聋的;cruel残酷的;accustomed习惯的;opposed反对的。从文中的Coming
from
a
big
family可知,作者来自大家庭,因此已经对噪音习以为常了,这也与下文的Therefore,the
scary
_______at
night
was
the
worst.
习惯于吵吵闹闹,反而对夜里的寂静感到害怕。be
accustomed
to
“对……习惯,适应”。故选C。?
5.
A.
boredom
B.
silence
C.
darkness
D.
suffering
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。boredom厌倦;silence沉默,寂静;darkness黑暗;suffering痛苦。作者开始了独自生活,与家里之前的吵闹不同了,晚上只有可怕的寂静。故选B。
6.
A.
sleep
B.
talk
C.
move
D.
play
【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。sleep睡觉;talk谈话;
move移动;play玩耍。根据上文The
scary
silence
at
night
was
the
worst可知,作者并不适应这种寂静的生活,因此晚上不开灯睡不着。故选A。
7.
A.
confidence
B.
safety
C.
relief
D.
freedom
【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。confidence自信;safety安全;relief安慰;freedom自由。由下文的I
might
not
get
the
freedom
I
had
while
living
alone.
可知,作者开始享受独立生活带来的自由。故选D。
8.
A.
set
aside
B.
taken
over
C.
filled
up
D.
thrown
away
【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。set
aside留出;
taken
over接管;filled
up装满;thrown
away扔掉。结合下文的by
friends
who
became
like
family可知,朋友的存在弥补了没有家人在身边的孤独,故朋友的存在填补孤独的空间。故选C。
9.
A.
recovery
B.
graduation
C.
resignation
D.
promotion
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。recovery恢复;graduation毕业;resignation辞职;promotion提升。上文介绍作者在学生期间适应了独立生活,而文章中提到的When
it
was
time
to
say
goodbye
and
go
back
home所指的是大学毕业。毕业后要离开校园回到家中,此时作者感到五味杂陈。故选B。
10.
A.
hated
B.
desired
C.
regretted
D.
enjoyed
【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。hated憎恨;desired渴望;
regretted后悔;
enjoyed欣赏。由上文的As
time
went
by,I
started
enjoying
the
_______that
came
with
living
alone可知,作者享受独处的时光。故选D。?
11.
A.
useful
B.
possible
C.
reliable
D.
worthwhile
【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。useful有用的;possible可能的;reliable可靠的;worthwhile值得的。结合上下文语境,如果作者一直在家,而不是在学校的话,有一些事情可能就学不到了,例如,作者在校园所享受的独立的生活。故选B。
12.
A.
adventure
B.
arrangement
C.
experience
D.
challenge
【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。adventure冒险;arrangement安排;experience经历;challenge挑战。对作者来说,在大学期间的独立生活是他人生的一段经历,故选C。
13.
A.
family
B.
study
C.
work
D.
growth
【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。family家人;study学习;work工作;growth生长。根据下文I
realized
that
every
second
with
them
_______though
I
might
not
get
the
freedom
I
had
while
living
alone可知,经过大学的独立生活,作者比以前更加珍惜与家人相处的时光。故选A。?
14.
A.
flew
B.
counted
C.
stayed
D.
repeated
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。flew飞翔;counted重要,认为;stayed停留;
repeated重复。作者意识到,尽管作者可能无法获得独立生活时的自由,但和家人相处的每一秒都很重要,这使作者更加珍惜与家人在一起的生活,故选B。
15.
A.
when
B.
once
C.
unless
D.
though
【解析】选C。考查连词辨析。when当……时;once一旦;unless除非;though虽然。对作者来说,如果没有自己所爱的家人,这个家就没有温暖,此处为条件状语从句,表示“除非”用unless。故选C。
书面表达
假设你是李华,你的英国朋友David就如何预防新冠肺炎写信向你征求建议,请你给他写一封回信。要点如下:
1.
表达你的关心;
2.
提出一些预防的建议。
注意:
1.
词数80个左右;
2.
可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:
新冠肺炎COVID-19 口罩mask
Dear
David,
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
【参考答案】
Dear
David,
Having
learned
that
COVID-19
is
becoming
widespread
in
your
country,I
am
really
concerned
about
you.
Here
I
am
writing
to
offer
you
some
suggestions,which
I
hope
will
be
of
some
help
to
you.
To
begin
with,it
is
necessary
that
you
stay
at
home
and
reduce
outdoor
activities
as
much
as
possible.
If
you
do
need
to
go
out,please
wear
a
mask
to
avoid
being
infected.
In
addition,whenever
you
are
in
the
open
air,always
remember
to
keep
about
one
meter
away
from
others.
Last
but
not
least,you’d
better
keep
good
healthy
habits
such
as
washing
your
hands
and
doing
more
indoor
activities.
I
sincerely
hope
that
you
can
take
my
suggestions
into
consideration.
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
PAGE课时素养检测
十三 Unit
4 Period
1
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
Friendly
doctors
are
“bad
for
their
patients’
health”,researchers
have
warned,as
a
new
study
revealed
two
thirds
of
young
doctors
struggle
to
be
truthful
with
patients
they
like.
Blurring(使……模糊)the
lines
between
social
and
professional
relationships
can
affect
the
level
of
care
offered
and
prevent
patients
from
being
honest
about
important
side
effects.
“Doctors
should
avoid
adding
patients
as
friends
on
Facebook,they
should
not
hug
or
allow
patients
to
call
them
by
their
first
names”,regulators
have
warned.
“Those
who
break
the
boundaries
will
face
some
punishment.
”
It
comes
as
a
survey
of
338
oncologists(肿瘤医生)under
the
age
of
40,found
59
percent
said
they
found
it
difficult
to
tell
the
truth
to
those
patients
they
liked.
Sixty
percent
of
respondents
said
if
doctors
felt
too
close
to
their
patients,it
could
prevent
them
from
making
objective
decisions
about
a
person’s
care.
Lesley
Fallowfield
of
Brighton
and
Sussex
Medical
School
said,“Oncology
is
a
profession
that
can
be
enormously
rewarding
but
is
filled
with
many
challenges.
Young
oncologists
have
to
master
dealing
with
anxious
patients
who
are
facing
a
life-threatening
disease;conveying
the
true
prognosis(预后);discussing
the
complexity
of
modern
treatments
and
explaining
the
unavailability
of
some
drugs;the
side-effects
of
treatment,and
likely
treatment
aims.
”
But
she
said,“Those
doctors
who
have
entered
the
profession
in
the
age
of
‘the
Internet
world’
are
more
likely
to
fall
victim
to
blurring
the
professional
boundaries
with
patients.
She
said,“The
difficulty,if
you
hug
and
kiss
patients,if
you
allow
them
to
call
you
by
your
first
name,is
that
quickly
the
relationship
can
become
confused
as
a
social
one
rather
than
a
professional
one.
Doctors
become
confused,‘I
really
like
this
person,how
can
I
bear
to
tell
him
that
he’s
going
to
die?’They
find
it
more
difficult
to
be
objective.
”
【语篇概述】本文为说明文。本文指出,根据一项研究的发现,打破医生同病人专业的界限有不利之处,并从对338位肿瘤医生的调查中进行论证。
1.
Why
are
friendly
doctors
bad
for
their
patients’
health?
A.
They
don’t
like
to
cheat
patients.
B.
They
are
not
good
at
treating
patients.
C.
They
find
it
not
easier
to
be
objective
to
the
patients.
D.
They
seldom
blur
the
relationship
with
patients.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由文章第四段中的if
doctors
felt
too
close
to
their
patients,it
could
prevent
them
from
making
objective
decisions
about
a
person’s
care.
可知,如果医生和病人太亲近,会阻碍他们对病人的治疗做出客观的决定。
2.
What
should
doctors
do
according
to
the
regulations?
A.
Add
patients
as
friends
on
Facebook.
B.
Have
close
connection
with
patients
in
life.
C.
Always
be
cold
to
patients.
D.
Keep
a
proper
distance
to
patients.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Doctors
should
avoid
adding
patients
as
friends
on
Facebook,they
should
not
hug
or
allow
patients
to
call
them
by
their
first
names”,regulators
have
warned.
可推断出,医生应该和病人保持适当的距离。
3.
Which
opinion
will
Lesley
Fallowfield
agree
with?
A.
Oncology
is
a
rewarding
profession
without
challenges.
B.
The
Internet
makes
it
easier
for
young
doctors
to
break
the
boundaries.
C.
It’s
not
the
duty
of
doctors
to
deal
with
patients’
anxiety.
D.
Becoming
friends
with
patients
will
help
them
recover
soon.
【解析】
选B。细节理解题。由第六段中的Those
doctors
who
have
entered
the
profession
in
the
age
of
‘the
Internet
world’
are
more
likely
to
fall
victim
to
blurring
the
professional
boundaries
with
patients.
那些在互联网时代进入肿瘤职业的医生更有可能成为牺牲品,使病人与专业的界限模糊。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
Many
diseases
and
medical
conditions
are
caused
by
things
out
of
our
control.
Doctors
urge
us
to
eat
healthy
foods,get
exercise,stop
smoking
and
limit
our
alcohol
intake.
1
And
it
is
free
and
easy.
Smile!?
When
we
smile,the
brain
wiring
gets
altered.
The
chemicals
that
are
released
are
more
positive.
Smiling
is
a
first
step
in
fighting
physical
and
emotional
stress
and
its
sometimes
harmful
effects
on
human
health.
The
main
cause
of
heart
attacks
and
strokes
is
the
blockage
in
blood
vessels(血管) 2 .
The
most
common
reason
for
these
blockages
is
a
build-up
of
fatty
deposits
on
the
inner
walls
of
the
arteries(大动脉).
When
we
feel
stressed
or
under
pressure,our
body
releases
many
natural
hormones(荷尔蒙)including
adrenaline
and
cortisol.
When
we
are
stressed
for
a
long
period,these
stress
hormones
are
ever-present
in
our
bodies.
And
that,medical
researchers
warn,may
lead
to
health
problems.
?
3 However,they
claim
that
when
people
are
stressed
for
long
periods
of
time,they
may
not
make
the
best
decisions
about
what
to
eat.
They
may
overeat,smoke
or
drink
too
much
alcohol.
They
may
not
get
enough
exercise
or
sleep.
And
all
of
these
can
lead
to
health
problems.
?
Dr.
Choctkalingam
says
a
smile
may
be
one
way
to
help.
He
tells
his
patients
to
smile
20
times
an
hour.
To
some,that
might
seem
like
a
lot
of
smiling.
Or
some
might
even
feel
foolish.
.
.
smiling
for
seemingly
no
reason.
4
It
is
not
invasive(侵入的)like
a
surgical
operation.
It
is
free
and
it
has
no
bad
side
effects.
?
“Once
we
smile,we
are
relaxed.
This
relaxation
directly
lowers
blood
pressure,improves
sugar
levels
in
the
blood.
5 ”
And
it
just
may
provide
a
little
extra
protection
to
everyone’s
heart
health.
?
A.
But
a
smile
does
not
involve
drugs.
B.
But
there
is
something
else
we
can
do.
C.
Experts
say
we
can
control
and
even
prevent
them.
D.
It
prevents
blood
from
flowing
to
the
heart
or
the
brain.
E.
And
they
are
the
number
one
cause
of
death
around
the
world.
F.
If
we
are
smiling,we
are
breaking
that
link
between
stress
and
health.
G.
Researchers
say
the
link
between
stress
and
heart
disease
is
still
unclear.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。介绍微笑给人的身体健康带来的好处。
1.
【解析】选B。过渡句理解。由上文提到的Doctors
urge
us
to
eat
healthy
foods,get
exercise,stop
smoking
and
limit
our
alcohol
intake可知,But
there
is
something
else
we
can
do.
承接上文,引出本文的话题:
微笑。微笑就是我们能做的很多事情之一。故选B。
2.
【解析】选D。上文提到The
main
cause
of
heart
attacks
and
strokes
is
the
blockage
in
blood
vessels。接下来谈血管阻塞造成的影响(It
prevents
blood
from
flowing
to
the
heart
or
the
brain,句中的代词It指上文的the
blockage
in
blood
vessels。)故选D。
3.
【解析】选G。此题要填本段的主题句。从空后的However,they
claim
that
when
people
are
stressed
for
long
periods
of
time,they
may
not
make
the
best
decisions
about
what
to
eat可以判断,前句的话题应该和压力与人的健康的关系有关。表明虽然压力与心脏病之间的联系尚不清楚,但是压力对健康还是有影响的,并且下文还提及了一些具体的方面。故选G。
4.
【解析】选A。第四个空所在的段落谈微笑的好处。But
a
smile
does
not
involve
drugs.
与下面的两句It
is
not
invasive
like
a
surgical
operation.
It
is
free
and
it
has
no
bad
side
effects.
都在谈微笑所带来的好处。是三个并列的句子且下文中的三个it就是指上文的a
smile。句意:
但是微笑与药物无关。它不像外科手术那样具有入侵性。它是免费的,并且没有负作用。故选A。
5.
【解析】选F。上文的“Once
we
smile,we
are
relaxed.
This
relaxation
directly
lowers
blood
pressure,improves
sugar
levels
in
the
blood”在讲微笑的好处,承接上文,作者仍然继续说微笑的好处,故If
we
are
smiling,we
are
breaking
that
link
between
stress
and
health.
符合语境。故选F。
阅读理解
The
current
Ebola(埃博拉病毒)outbreak
in
western
and
central
Africa
has
infected
at
least
3,069
people,including
1,552
dead,making
it
the
largest
outbreak
in
history.
Ebola
is
a
deadly
virus—about
60
percent
of
people
infected
with
it
have
died.
How
is
Ebola
doing
its
harm?
When
a
person
becomes
infected
with
Ebola,the
virus
damages
the
body’s
immune
(免疫的)cells,which
defend
against
infection,said
a
researcher
at
Lancaster
University.
But
if
a
person’s
immune
system
can
stand
up
to
this
attack,then
he
is
more
likely
to
survive
the
disease.
The
patients
that
survive
it
best
are
those
who
don’t
get
such
a
bad
disadvantage
in
immune
system.
But
if
the
body
isn’t
able
to
get
rid
of
this
attack,then
the
immune
system
becomes
less
able
to
regulate(调节)
itself.
This
means
the
immune
system
is
more
likely
to
run
out
of
control,leading
to
a
drop
in
blood
pressure,multi-organ
failure
and
eventually
death.
What
are
the
common
symptoms
of
the
disease?
Fever,headache,joint
and
muscle
aches,weakness,diarrhea,vomiting,stomach
pain,lack
of
appetite,chills,rash,redness
in
the
eyes,hiccups,cough,sore
throat,chest
pain,difficult
breathing
or
swallowing,bleeding
inside
and
outside
of
the
body.
How
to
prevent
the
spread
of
Ebola?
Ebola
can
be
spread
primarily
via
direct
contact
with
patients,specifically
the
blood
and
fluids
of
an
infected
patient.
We
should
avoid
contact
with
infected
patients
and
objects
such
as
clothing,bedding,and
needles
used
by
them.
Avoid
areas
where
infections
have
been
reported.
For
now,the
disease
has
only
been
confirmed
in
central
and
West
Africa,four
cases
in
America
and
Europe.
Avoid
eating
wild-caught
bush
meat.
Researchers
have
suspected
that
the
disease
came
to
humans
via
animals,probably
through
the
meat
of
primates(灵长类).
If
you’re
in
an
area
where
the
disease
has
been
reported,avoid
purchasing,eating,or
handling
wild
game
to
stay
on
the
safe
side.
Wear
protective
medical
clothing
if
you’re
around
infected
patients.
Extreme
caution
is
necessary.
Hospital
workers
must
use
masks,gloves,goggles,and
gowns,which
needed
to
be
worn
at
all
times
if
you’re
around
infected
patients.
How
do
people
survive
Ebola?
Doctors
don’t
know
for
certain
who
will
survive
Ebola,and
there
is
no
specific
treatment
or
cure
for
the
disease.
Although
in
the
minority,some
people
do
recover
from
infection.
Our
suggestions
include:
Maintain
your
electrolytes(电解质)
and
body
liquid.
Sports
drinks
can
be
used.
Monitor
your
blood
pressure
and
control
it
if
necessary.
Dropping
blood
pressure
may
be
a
serious
sign
of
infection.
Breathe
in
an
oxygen-rich
environment.
Quickly
address
any
symptoms
of
infection.
Be
honest
about
when
and
where
you’re
feeling
pain.
【语篇概述】本文为说明文,向读者介绍了埃博拉病毒如何通过破坏人的免疫系统使人患病、患病的主要症状、如何阻止疾病的传播、患病后如何生存等相关的知识,文章最后作者给出了几点建议。
1.
Ebola
causes
the
death
of
a
human
being
by
_______.
?
A.
attacking
him
with
high
fever
B.
regulating
his
immune
system
C.
damaging
his
immune
cells
D.
harming
all
his
organs
directly
【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第一小标题的第一段第一句When
a
person
becomes
infected
with
Ebola,the
virus
damages
the
body’s
immune
cells,当一个人被Ebola感染时,病毒就会破坏身体的免疫细胞。
2.
What
is
NOT
mentioned
as
the
symptom
of
Ebola?
A.
Fever
and
chills.
B.
Swallowing
difficulty.
C.
Lack
of
appetite.
D.
High
blood
pressure.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。从文章第二小标题下的段落中Ebola感染症状可知,不包括高血压(High
blood
pressure)。
3.
In
order
not
to
be
infected
by
Ebola,we
should
_______.
?
A.
have
the
clothing
of
the
infected
cleaned
B.
avoid
eating
wild
animals
like
monkeys
C.
not
travel
to
Africa,America
or
Europe
D.
stay
at
home
without
going
anywhere
【解析】选B。推理判断题。从文章第三小标题第二段中的Avoid
eating
wild-caught
bush
meat.
Researchers
have
suspected
that
the
disease
came
to
humans
via
animals,probably
through
the
meat
of
primates可知,研究者怀疑Ebola可能会通过灵长类动物的肉传播,故要避免食用。
4.
It
is
true
that
_______.
?
A.
a
certain
number
of
people
survive
Ebola
B.
humans
have
found
a
special
cure
for
Ebola
C.
oxygen
can
save
infected
people’s
lives
D.
low
blood
pressure
is
surely
caused
by
Ebola
【解析】选A。细节理解题。从第四小标题下段落中Although
in
the
minority,some
people
do
recover
from
infection.
可知,有一些人确实从感染中康复了。
【素养培优】
针对阅读理解A中的关于医患关系这一话题,写一篇60个词左右的短文,谈谈你自己的看法。
Most
people
are
quite
familiar
with
the
old
Chinese
quote
“悬壶济世
医者仁心”,which
means
that
doctors
will
always
help
the
patients
to
heal
because
they
are
kind
and
noble.
?
However,
doctors
should
keep
a
certain
distance
from
patients
to
give
them
a
better
treatment.
I
couldn’t
agree
more.
In
a
sense,
it
benefits
both
the
patients
and
doctors.
When
the
doctors
cross
the
boundary
between
social
and
professional
relationships,
the
level
of
care
offered
can
be
greatly
affected,
thus
preventing
patients
from
being
treated
in
a
better
and
proper
way.
It
is
a
good
thing
for
them
to
keep
a
certain
distance
from
each
other.
As
healers,
the
doctors
can
put
their
hearts
into
relieving
the
patients’
pains
and
make
them
comfortable.
?
PAGE
