中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
宾语从句用法
1.
动词后的宾语从句
1)
that引导的宾语从句
后常接that引导的宾语从句的动
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)词有admit,
agree,
answer,
believe,
decide,
declare,
expect,
explain,
feel,
hear,
hope,
intend,
insist,
mean,
notice，order,
remember,
reply,
say,
suggest,
think,
wish
等【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
2)
wh-，if引导的宾语从句
后常接wh-，if引导的宾语从句
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)的动词有advise，ask，discuss，doubt，find
out，imagine，inform,inquire,
know,
question,
tell,
understand,
wonder，discover等。21教育名师原创作品
3)“动词+间接宾语+宾语从句”
常使用此类结构的动词有advis
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e，ask，inform，promise，question，remind，show，teach，tell，warn，assure等。
4)“动词+it+形容词／名词+that从句”
常见的后接it作形式宾语的动词有find，feel，think，believe，make，consider等。
5)
it作形式宾语的特殊句型
常见的有：see
to
it
that
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)...；hate
it
that...；owe
it
to
sb.
that...；take
it
for
granted
that.
2.
形容词后宾语从句
后常接宾语从句的形容词有：anxio
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)us，aware，certain，determined，glad，proud，surprised，
worried,
sorry,
thankful,
ashamed,
disappointed,
pleased,
content,
proud,
annoyed,
convinced，confident等。
I
am
not
certain
whether
I
have
met
him
before.
I’m
sorry
(that)
you’re
ill.
介词后宾语从句
on，about，in，but，except等后常接宾语从句
It
depends
on
whether
he
is
coming
or
not.
宾语从句需要注意的问题
1)当主句是一般现在时或者一般将来时时，宾语从句可根据句子意思选择用所需要的时态。
2)当主句是一般过去时时，宾语从句必须用相应的过去时态。
3)但是当宾语从句表达的是普遍真理或客观规律时，宾语从句时态不受主句时态限制而用一般现在时。
4)当主句谓语是think，beli
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eve，suppose，expect，imagine等，宾语从句的意义是否定时，not要转移到主句中；但当从句有否定意义的never，seldom，hardly，scarcely等词时，否定词不转移。
5)主句中谓语是think，believ
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e，suppose，expect，imagine，guess等，同时，wh-连词引导的表示疑问的宾语从句，应将连词wh-置于主句前面，主句若是疑问语序，从句语序不变。
例如：When
do
you
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hink
he
will
come
back?
Do
you
think
when
he
will
come
back?(错句）
6)当主句动词是wish
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)时，从句的时态要用虚拟语气；当主句的动词是suggest，demand，
require等词时，从句要用可省略should的虚拟语气。
7)
if常可代替whether，但是当从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。
8)引导宾语从句的that常可
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)省略，但是当两个that从句由and或or连接时，第二个从句的that不能省略。(本知识点在语法填空中学生易忽略，易错！)21世纪教育网版权所有
【巩固练习】
1.
He
was
born
in____________is
now
known
as
Xiangyang.
2.
We
all
consider
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
________of
great
importance
that
we
should
combine
theory
with
practice.
3.
I
don't
doubt
she
will
learn
a
lot
during
her
stay
in
Paris.
4.
Everything
depends
on________we
have
enough
experience.21cnjy.com
5.
He
usually
goes
to
work
on
his
bike
except________it
rains.
6.
Sarah
hopes
to
become
a
friend
of_________shares
her
interests.
Keys:
what,
it,
that,
whether,
when,
whoever
表语从句用法
1.
that表语从句
1)常接表语从句的联系动词有be，look，remain，seem等。
2)引导表语从句的that不可省略。
The
trouble
is
(that)
she
has
lost
his
money.
2.wh-表语从句
1)当表示“是否”之意时，引导表语从句的连词不能用if，只能用whether。
2)经常见到的句型有that
is
why.，this/
it
is
because.，this
is
where.等。
The
question
is
whether
we
need
more
ice
cream.
【巩固练习】
What
the
doctors
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)really
doubt
is________
my
mother
will
recover
from
the
serious
disease
soon.
【出处：21教育名师】
2.
He
never
works
hard.
And
that's
he
seldom
passes
the
exams.
3.
The
reason
she
ga
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ve
for
not
being
present
was
the
heavy
snow
prevented
her
coming.
【版权所有：21教育】
Keys:
whether,why,
that
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
语法单句填空
1.
He
also
starred
in
is
called
Snow
White
and
the
Huntsman.
2.
After
givi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ng
the
card,
I
realized
powerful
the
sentence
“thank
you”
is.
3.
He
said
Bonnie
di
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)dn’t
bark
or
bite
like
a
guard
dog,
but
_____
she
behaved
was
enough
to
alert
him.
4.
Of
course,
I
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
wasn't
signed,
but
hurt
the
most
was
being
told
that
if
I
grew
to
1．75
meters
I
could
be
a
success．
5.
Large
amounts
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)sea
ice
loss
could
change
air
circulates
in
the
atmosphere.
6.
It
is
essenti
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)al
for
you
to
know
why
you
are
speaking
and
you
wish
to
accomplish
by
your
speech.
7.
But
_____
I
expect
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)is
for
you
to
think
independently
and
introduce
new
ideas.
8.
As
the
day
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
of
the
party
came
near,
Merlin
began
to
think
______
to
make
a
grand
entrance
at
the
party.
9.
But
the
fact
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
_______being
caught
forces
it
to
exist
close
to
a
creature
it
regards
as
an
enemy
of
the
worst
possible
sort:
yourself.
10.
They
focused
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ir
energies
on
trying
to
have
_______
they
considered
important
for
a
good
life:
membership
in
the
local
country
club,
luxury
cars,
designer
clothing,
and
high-class
society
friends.
11.
It
surprised
n
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)early
everyone
that
the
Hatches
had
so
much
money,
more
than
$
3million—they
were
an
elderly
couple
who
lived
in
an
old
house
on_____
was
left
of
the
family
farm.
12.
The
disa
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)dvantage
of
paying
less
attention
to
a
minor
subject,
according
to
Li,
is
___________
students
may
not
get
a
comprehensive
understanding
of
the
subject.
13.
Her
friends
told
her
it
was
____
she
had
moved
to
America.
14.
Then
he
asked
her____
there
were
any
big
problems
in
her
life.
15.
But,
in
reality,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)we
have
complete
control
over
____
we
spend
our
time.
16.
Knowing
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)______
education
means
to
a
person,
he
devoted
a
lot
of
energy
and
money
to
building
schools.
17.
Dan
Strasser
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)said
he
heard
Bonnie
running
around
the
living
room
at
about
6
a.m.
Saturday,
so
he
got
out
of
bed
to
see
_____
she
was
so
excited.
18.
When
you
talk
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
with
someone
unknown
on
the
Internet,
you
have
no
idea
at
all
what
kind
of
person
he
is
and
______
he
is
telling
you
the
truth.
Keys:
1-5:
what,
h
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ow,
how,what,
how;
6-10:what;what;how;that;what
11-15:what;
that;
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
because;
whether;
how
16-18:
what;
why;whether
二．语法综合填空
(A)
The
California
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tate
assembly
recently
approved
the
so-called
Paris
Hilton
bill,
which
prevents
dogs
25______
occupying
the
driver’s
seat
in
a
moving
vehicle.
The
bill
passed
26______
Democrats
wanted
to
make
an
example
of
Miss
Hilton.
They
think
she
is
a
“little
rich
girl”
who
always
gets
her
way;
plus,
her
daddy
is
a
big
contributor
to
the
Republican
Party.
“The
judge
27______
have
put
her
in
jail
for
four
months,”
said
one
Democrat
when
Paris
got
only
a
four-day
jail
sentence
for
driving
while
drunk.2-1-c-n-j-y
28______
(drive)
around
town
with
her
little
dog
Lovey
hanging
out
the
driver's
window,
Paris
is
a
familiar
sight
throughout
Los
Angeles.
Pictures
of
her
and
Lovey
are
common
in
newspapers
and
magazines.
“That
dog
is
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)deadly
threat
to
everyone
on
the
streets
and
the
sidewalks,”
said
assembly
leader
Fabian
Nunez.
“We
wrote
this
bill
to
protect
the
public.
There’s
no
telling
29______
the
dog
might
cause
her
to
drive
into
a
crowd
of
pedestrians.
30______
Paris
wants
to
be
with
her
dog,
let
her
chauffeur
do
the
driving.
The
state
assembly
is
responsible
for
protecting
people,
and
we
take
that
responsibility
seriously.”
The
assembly
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
bill
passed
by
a
vote
of
44
to
11.
The
state
senate(参议院)
31______(expect)
to
approve
the
bill,
and
Governor
Schwarzenegger
has
promised
to
sign
it.
“I
love
dogs,”
he
said,
“but
when
it
comes
to
32______
(protect)
the
people
of
California,
dogs
will
have
to
take
a
back
seat.”
The
eleven
asse
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)mbly
members
who
objected
to
the
bill
were
all
Republicans.
“While
Californians,”
said
Republican
Tom
Ridge,
“are
being
attacked
daily
by
murderers,
rapists,
and
muggers,
who
do
the
Democrats
protect
citizens
from—a
33______
(spoil)
little
girl
and
her
dog!”
(B)
He
almost
killed
som
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ebody,
but
one
minute
changed
his
life.
This
beautiful
story
comes
from
Sherman
Rogers’
book,
Foremen:
Leaders
or
Drivers?
.
In
his
tr
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ue-life
story,
Rogers
illustrates
the
importance
of
effective
relationships.
During
his
college
years,
Rogers
spent
34______
summer
in
an
Idaho(爱达荷州)
logging
camp.
When
the
superintendent
had
to
leave
for
a
few
days,
he
put
Rogers
in
charge.
“35______
if
the
m
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)en
refuse
to
follow
my
orders?”
Rogers
asked.
He
thought
of
Tony,
an
immigrant
worker
who
roared
all
day,
giving
the
other
men
a
hard
time.
“Fire
them,”
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
superintendent
said.
Then,
as
if
36______
(read)
Roger’s
mind,
he
added,
“I
suppose
you
think
you
are
going
to
fire
Tony
if
you
get
the
chance.
I’d
feel
badly
about
that.
I
have
been
logging
for
40
years.
Tony
is
the
most
reliable
worker
I’ve
ever
had.
I
know
he
hates
everybody
and
everything.
But
he
comes
in
first
and
leaves
last.
There
has
not
been
an
accident
for
eight
years
on
the
hill
37______
he
works.”
Rogers
took
over
the
next
day.
He
went
to
Tony
and
spoke
to
him.
“Tony,
do
you
know
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
I’m
in
charge
here
today?”
Tony
grunted（发哼声）.
“I
was
going
to
fire
you
the
first
time
we
fought,
but
I
want
you
to
know
I’m
not,”
he
told
Tony,
adding
what
the
superintendent
38______
(say).
When
he
finishe
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d,
Tony
dropped
the
shovelful
of
sand
he
had
held
and
tears
streamed
down
his
face.
“Why
he
no
tell
me
dat
eight
years
ago?”
That
day
Tony
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)worked
harder
than
ever
before
---
and
he
smiled!
He
later
said
to
Rogers,
“My
first
foreman
who
ever
say,
‘Good
work,
Tony’
and
it
made
me
feel
like
Christmas.”
Rogers
went
back
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)to
school
after
that
summer.
Twelve
years
later
he
met
Tony
again
who
was
now
superintendent
for
railroad
construction
for
one
of
39______
(large)
logging
companies
in
the
West.
Rogers
asked
him
how
he
came
to
California
and
happened
to
have
such
success.
Tony
replied,
“If
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)it
not
be
for
the
one
minute
you
talk
to
me
back
in
Idaho,
I
keel
somebody
someday.
One
minute
change
my
whole
life.”
Effective
manage
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rs
know
the
importance
of
taking
a
moment
to
point
out
40______
a
worker
is
doing
well.
But
what
a
difference
a
minute
of
affirmation
can
make
in
any
relationship!
Keys：
(A)
25.
from?
26.
beca
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)use??
27.
should??
28.
Driving??
29.
when??
30.
If??
31.
is
expected??
32.
protecting??
33.
spoiled??
(B)
34.
a??
35.
Wha
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t??
36.
reading??
37.
where??
38.
had
said??
39.
the
largest??
40.
what?
三、选词填空
A.supply
B.
developed
C.
similar
D.
deeply
E.
quantitiesF.
provided
G.
explorations
H.
deeper
I.served
J.
technological
K.
exploiting
Man
is
a
lan
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
animal,
but
he
is
also
closely
tied
to
the
sea.
Throughout
history
the
sea
has
___1___
the
needs
of
man.
The
sea
has
__2____man
with
food
and
a
convenient
way
to
travel
to
many
parts
of
the
world.
Today,
nearly
two-thirds
of
the
world’s
population
live
within
80
kilometers
of
the
sea
coast.21·cn·jy·com
In
the
modern
___3___
world,
the
sea
offers
many
resources
to
help
mankind
survive
.
Resources
on
land
are
beginning
to
be
used
up.
The
sea,
however,
still
can
be
hoped
to
___4____
many
of
man’s
needs.
The
list
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
of
riches
of
the
sea
yet
to
be
____5____
by
man’s
technology
is
impressive.
Oil
and
gas
___6____
have
been
carried
out
for
nearly
30
years.
Valuable
amounts
of
minerals
exist
on
the
ocean
floor
ready
to
be
mined
(开采).
Fish
farming
pr
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)omises
to
be
a
good
way
to
produce
large
____7___
of
food.
The
culture
of
fish
and
shellfish
(贝类动物)
is
an
ancient
skill
practised
in
the
past
mainly
by
Oriental
people.
Besides
o
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)il
and
gas,
the
sea
may
offer
new
sources
of
energy.
Experts
believe
that
the
warm
temperature
of
the
ocean
can
be
used
in
a
way
____8____
to
the
steam
in
a
steamship.
Ocean
currents
(水流)
and
waves
offer
possible
use
as
a
source
of
energy.21教育网
Technology
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)is
enabling
man
to
explore
ever
more
___9___
under
the
sea.
The
development
of
strong,
new
materials
has
made
this
possible.
The
technology
to
harvest
the
sea
continues
to
improve.
Experts
believe
that
by
the
year
2000
the
problems
that
prevent
us
from
___10___
fully
the
food,
minerals,
and
energy
sources
of
the
sea
will
be
largely
solved.
Keys：
1.I
2.F
3.J
4.A
5.B
6.G
7.E
8.C
9.
D
10.
K
四、
翻译下列句子
1.
你认为有必要采取措施保护上海方言吗？(it)
2.
提前做出周密计划可以帮你更有效地完成这项艰巨任务。(advance)
3.
代表受害者，他期望社会给予他们更多的理解和帮助。(behalf)
4.
尽管时光荏苒，但和同学们一起为进入理想大学而苦读书的日子仍然是他难忘的记忆。(admit)
Keys：
1.
Do
you
think
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
it
(is)
necessary
to
take
measures
to
preserve
Shanghai
dialect?(1+2+1)
2.
Making
a
c
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)areful
plan
in
advance
can
help
you
finish
the
tough
task
more
efficiently.(1+1+2)
3.
On
behalf
of
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)victims,
he
expected
the
society
to
give
them
more
understanding
and
help.(1+2+1)
4.
In
the
depth
of
her
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
heart
always
lies
a
suspicion
that
she
might
have
been
adopted
by
her
parents
eighteen
years
ago.(1+1+2+1)
5.
Although
time
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)flies,
the
days
when
he
worked
hard
with
his
classmates
to
be
admitted
into
their
ideal
universities
are
still
his
unforgettable
memory.（1+2+1+1）
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
语法单句填空
1.The
best
mo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ment
for
the
football
star
was
_______
he
scored
the
winning
goal.
2.
Some
people
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
believe
_______
has
happened
before
or
is
happening
now
will
repeat
itself
in
the
future.
3.
Exactly
_______
the
potato
was
introduced
into
Europe
is
uncertain,
but
it
was
probably
around
1565.
4.
Pick
yourself
up.
Courage
is
doing
___you're
afraid
to
do.
5.
As
John
Len
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)non
once
said，life
is_______
happens
to
you
while
you
are
busy
making
other
plans.
6.
—What
a
mess!
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
You
are
always
so
lazy!
—I'm
not
to
blame,
mum.
I
am_______you
have
made
me.
7.
It
is
difficult
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
for
us
to
imagine_____
life
was
like
for
slaves
in
the
ancient
world.
8.
Grandma
point
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ed
to
the
hospital
and
said,
"That's
______
I
was
born."
9.
I
think
_______
impresses
me
about
his
painting
is
the
colors
he
uses.
www-2-1-cnjy-com
10.
“Every
time
you
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eat
a
sweet,
drink
green
tea.”
This
is
_____
my
mother
used
to
tell
me.
11.—Is
it
tru
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
that
Mike
refused
an
offer
from
Yale
University
yesterday?
—Yeah,
but
I
have
no
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)idea
_______
he
did
it;
that’s
one
of
his
favorite
universities.
12.
I
am
afraid
he’s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
more
of
a
talker
than
a
doer,
which
is
______
he
never
finishes
anything.
13.
She
is
very
dear
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)to
us.
We
have
been
prepared
to
do_______it
takes
to
save
her
life.
14.
It
suddenly
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
occurred
to
him_______
he
had
left
his
keys
in
the
office.
15.
He
thought
_____
mattered
most
in
improving
your
spoken
English
was
enough
confidence
and
practice.
Keys:
1.when
2.whatever
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)3.when
4.whatever
5.what
6.what
7.what
8.where
9.what
10.what
11.why
12.why
13.whatever
14.that
15.What
完形填空
During
the
initial
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
stages
of
instructed
L2(
the
second
language)
acquisition
students
learn
a
couple
thousand,
mainly
high
frequency
words.
Functional
language
proficiency,
however,
__50__mastery
of
a
considerably
large
number
of
words.
It
is
therefore
__51__
at
the
intermediate
and
advanced
stages
of
language
acquisition
to
learn
a
large
vocabulary
in
a
short
period
of
time.
There
is
not
enough
time
to
__52__the
natural(largely
incidental)
L1(
the
first
language)
word
acquisition
process.
Incidental
acquisition
of
the
words
is
only
possible
up
to
a
point,
__53__,
on
account
of
their
low
frequency;
they
do
not
__54__often
enough
in
the
L2
learning
material.
Acquisition
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)of
new
words
from
authentic
L2
reading
texts
by
means
of
strategies
such
as
contextual
deduction(演绎)
is
also
not
a
__55__for
a
number
of
reasons.
There
appears
to
be
no
__56__to
intentional
learning
of
a
great
many
new
words
in
a
relatively
short
period
of
time.
The
words
to
be
learned
may
be
__57__in
isolation
or
in
context.
Presentation
in
bilingual（双语的）
word
lists
seems
an
__58__shortcut
because
it
takes
less
time
than
contextual
presentation
and
yields
excellent
short
term
results.
Long
term
memory,
__59__,
is
often
disappointing
so
contextual
presentation
seems
advisable.
【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Any
sugges
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tions
on
how
to
use
this
in
educational
contexts
should
be
based
on
a
systematic
__60__
of
the
two
most
important
aspects
of
the
L2
word
learning
problem,
this
is
to
say,
selecting
the
relevant
vocabulary
(which
and
how
many
words)
and
creating
the
best
conditions
for
the
acquisition
process.
This
article
sets
out
to
__61__a
computer
assisted
word
acquisition
program
(CAVOCA)
which
tries
to
do
exactly
this:
the
program
operationalizes
current
theoretical
thinking
about
word
acquisition,
and
its
__62__
are
based
on
a
systematic
list
of
the
vocabulary
relevant
for
the
target
group.
To
__63__its
frequency,
the
program
was
__64__
in
a
number
of
experimental
settings
with
a
paired
associated
method
of
learning
new
words.
The
experimental
results
suggest
that
an
approach
combining
the
two
methods
is
most
advisable.
50.
A.
inquires
B.
requires
C.
receives
D.
inspires
51.
A.
difficult
B.
easy
C.
possible
D.
necessary
52.
A.
copy
B.
focus
C.
find
D.
clean
53.
A.
however
B.
moreover
C.
because
D.
nevertheless
54.
A.
disturb
B.
seem
C.
occur
D.
disappear
55.
A.
solution
B.
approach
C.
problem
D.
wonder
56.
A.
official
B.
annual
C.
objective
D.
alternative
57.
A.
predicted
B.
presented
C.
postponed
D.
preferred
58.
A.
available
B.
outstanding
C.
attractive
D.
evident
59.
A.
by
means
of
B.
moreover
C.
in
spite
of
D.
however
60.
A.
focus
B.
analysis
C.
object
D.
target
61.
A.
describe
B.
grasp
C.
link
D.
force
62.
A.
conclusions
B.
appointments
C.
aspects
D.
contents
63.
A.
react
B.
establish
C.
memorize
D.
leave
64.
A.
enhanced
B.
invented
C.
contrasted
D.
behaved
Keys：50—54
BDACC
55—59
ADBCD
60—64
BADBC
阅读理解
(
A)
People
living
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)on
parts
of
the
south
coast
of
England
face
a
serious
problem.
In
1993,
the
owners
of
a
large
hotel
and
of
several
houses
discovered,
to
their
horror,
that
their
gardens
had
disappeared
overnight.
The
sea
had
eaten
into
the
soft
limestone
（石灰岩）
cliffs
on
which
they
had
been
built.
While
experts
were
studying
the
problem,
the
hotel
and
several
houses
disappeared
altogether,
sliding
down
the
cliff
and
into
the
sea.
Erosion（侵蚀）of
the
w
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hite
cliffs
along
the
south
coast
of
England
has
always
been
a
problem
but
it
has
become
more
serious
in
recent
years.
Dozens
of
homes
have
had
to
be
abandoned
as
the
sea
has
crept
farther
and
farther
inland.
Experts
have
studied
the
areas
most
affected
and
have
drawn
up
a
map
for
local
people,
forecasting
the
year
in
which
their
homes
will
be
swallowed
up
by
the
hungry
sea.
Angry
owners
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)have
called
on
the
Government
to
erect
sea
defenses
to
protect
their
homes.
Government
surveyors
have
pointed
out
that
in
most
cases,
this
is
impossible.
New
sea
walls
would
cost
hundreds
of
millions
of
pounds
and
would
merely
make
the
waves
and
currents
go
further
along
the
coast,
shifting
the
problem
from
one
area
to
another.
The
danger
is
likely
to
continue,
they
say,
until
the
waves
reach
an
inland
area
of
hard
rock
which
will
not
be
eaten
as
limestone
is.
Meanwhile,
if
you
want
to
buy
a
cheap
house
with
an
uncertain
future,
apply
to
a
house
agent
in
one
of
the
threatened
areas
on
the
south
coast
of
England.
You
can
get
a
house
for
a
knockdown
price
but
it
may
turn
out
to
be
a
knockdown
home.
What
is
the
ca
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)use
of
the
problem
that
people
living
on
parts
of
the
south
coast
of
England
face?
____________.
A.
The
disappearanc
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
of
hotels,
houses
and
gardens.
B.
The
experts’
lack
of
knowledge.21
cnjy
com
C.
The
rising
of
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
sea
level.
D.
The
washing-away
of
limestone
cliffs.
2.
The
erosion
of
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)white
cliffs
in
the
south
of
England
___________________.
A.
will
soon
become
a
problem
for
people
living
in
central
England
B.
has
now
become
a
threat
to
the
local
residents
C.
is
quickly
changing
the
map
of
England
D.
can
be
stopped
if
proper
measures
are
taken
3.
The
exper
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ts’
study
on
the
problem
of
erosion
can
_____________________.
A.
lead
to
its
e
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ventual
solution
B.
provide
an
effective
way
to
slow
it
down
C.
help
to
prevent
i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
from
worsening
D.
warn
people
whose
homes
are
in
danger
4.
It
is
not
feasible(
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)可行的)
to
build
sea
defenses
to
protect
against
erosion
because
_____________.
A.
it
is
too
costly
and
will
endanger
neighbouring
areas
B.
the
government
is
too
slow
in
taking
action
2·1·c·n·j·y
C.
they
will
be
easily
knocked
down
by
waves
and
currents
D.
house
agents
along
the
coast
do
not
support
the
idea
Keys：DBDA
(B)
The
term
cultu
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)re
now
is
more
used
to
describe
everything
from
the
fine
arts
to
the
outlook
of
a
business
group
or
a
sports
team.
In
its
original
sense,
however,
culture
includes
all
identifying
aspects
of
a
racial
group,
nation,
or
empire:
its
physical
environment,
history,
and
traditions,
its
social
rules
and
economic
structure,
and
its
religious
beliefs
and
arts.
The
central
b
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eliefs
and
customs
of
a
group
are
handed
down
from
one
generation
to
another.
It
is
for
this
reason
that
most
people
regard
culture
as
learned
rather
than
innate.
People
acquire
a
culture
because
they
are
not
born
with
one.
The
process
by
which
a
person
develops
a
taste
for
regional
foods,
accented
speech,
or
an
outlook
on
the
world
over
time,
therefore,
is
known
as
enculturation
(文化适应).
Cultures
are
o
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ften
identified
by
their
symbols
—
images
that
are
familiar
and
coated
with
meaning.
Totem
poles
(图腾柱)
carved
with
animals
and
creative
figures
suggest
aspects
of
the
Native
American
peoples
of
the
Pacific
Northwest
but
more
literally
represent
specific
tribes
(部落).
In
Asia
and
India,
the
color
of
yellow
is
connected
with
temples
while
in
ancient
China
it
was
a
color
only
the
emperor’s
family
was
allowed
to
wear.
Thus,
different
cultures
may
respond
to
a
symbol
quite
differently.
For
example,
to
some
a
flag
may
represent
pride,
historical
accomplishments,
or
ideals;
to
others,
however,
it
can
mean
danger
or
oppression.
To
individuals
u
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nfamiliar
with
cultures
outside
their
own,
the
beliefs,
behaviors,
and
artistic
expression
of
other
groups
can
seem
strange
and
even
threatening.
A
society
that
ranks
all
other
cultures
against
its
own
standards
is
considered
to
be
ethnocentric
(from
the
Greek
ethnos,
meaning
“people,”
and
kentros,
meaning
“center”).
A
strongly
ethnocentric
society
assumes
also
that
what
is
different
from
its
own
culture
is
likely
to
be
inferior
and,
possibly,
wrong
or
evil.
All
people
are
eth
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nocentric
to
some
degree,
and
some
aspects
of
ethnocentrism,
such
as
national
pride,
contribute
to
a
well-functioning
society.
An
appreciation
for
one’s
own
culture,
however,
does
not
prevent
acceptance
and
respect
for
another
culture.
History
documents
the
long-term
vigour
and
success
of
multicultural
groups
in
which
people
from
numerous
and
various
cultural
backgrounds
live
and
work
together.
Extreme
ethnocentrism,
in
contrast,
can
lead
to
racism
—
the
belief
that
it
is
race
and
racial
origin
that
account
for
variations
in
human
character
or
ability
and
that
one’s
own
race
is
superior
to
all
others.
5.
What
does
the
word
“innate”
in
Paragraph
2
most
probably
mean?
A.
Instinctive.
B.
Developed.
C.
Believable.
D.
Cultivated.
6.
Which
of
the
following
is
true
according
to
the
passage?www.21-cn-jy.com
A.
Different
inter
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)pretations
of
a
symbol
help
to
distinguish
one
culture
from
another.
B.
An
ethnocentric
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)country
opens
welcoming
arms
to
cultures
different
from
its
own.
C.
Culture
co
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nsists
of
some
positive
features
of
a
racial
group,
nation
or
empire.
D.
People
from
vario
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)us
cultural
backgrounds
often
reach
an
agreement
on
some
image.
7.
What
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage?
A.
All
aspects
of
et
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hnocentrism
can
produce
negative
effects
on
a
society.
B.
Racism
is
u
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nlikely
to
bring
about
serious
conflicts
among
different
cultures.
C.
Respect
and
ac
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ceptance
of
different
cultures
are
a
proper
cultural
attitude.
D.
Countries
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)with
a
strong
sense
of
national
pride
play
a
superior
role
in
the
world.
8.
Which
might
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.
Culture,
the
origin
of
racial
superiority
B.
Culture,
a
faithful
mirror
of
history
C.
Culture,
the
vigour
of
world
development
D.
Culture,
a
distinctive
identity
of
a
nation
Keys：
AACD
(C)
9.
Linda
uses
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
word
children
to
describe
her
pets
because
________.
21·世纪
教育网
A.
she
believes
her
pets
possess
childlike
qualities21
cnjy
com
B.
the
pets
have
taken
the
place
of
her
children
C.
she
dresses
them
in
children’s
clothing
D.
the
pets
all
have
a
lovely
girlish
figure
10.
If
the
pet
sitter
doesn’t
supervise
her,
________.
A.
Regina
will
play
with
the
cat
B.
Regina
will
spend
an
hour
wandering
C.
Regina
will
solve
her
problem
herself
D.
Regina
will
damage
her
owner’s
furniture
11.
The
pet
sitter
is
advised
to
tell
Regina
“good
girl”
________.
A.
after
Regina
finds
the
ball
B.
after
Regina
drops
the
ball
C.
when
Regina
brings
the
ball
back
D.
every
time
Regina
goes
after
the
ball
12.
What
are
the
three
animals
mentioned
in
the
letter?
A.
Two
cats
and
a
dog.
B.
A
cat,
a
dog
and
a
parrot.
C.
Two
dogs
and
an
unspecified
animal.
D.
A
dog,
a
cat,
and
an
unspecified
animal.
Keys：
A
D
B
D
表语从句与宾语从句+语言综合运用
Dear
Lee,
As
I
told
you,
I’ll
be
gone
until
Wednesday
morning.
Thank
you
so
much
for
taking
care
of
my
“children”
while
I’m
away.
Like
real
children,
they
can
be
kind
of
annoying
sometimes,
but
I’m
going
to
enjoy
myself
so
much
more
knowing
they’re
getting
some
kind
human
attention.
Remember
that
Regina
(the
“queen”
in
Latin,
and
she
acts
like
one)
is
teething.
If
you
don’t
watch
her,
she’ll
chew
anything,
like
the
sofa,
chairs,
including
her
“sister”,
the
cat.
There
are
plenty
of
chew
toys
around
the
house.
Whenever
she
starts
biting
on
anything
illegal,
just
divert
her
with
one
of
those.
She
generally
settles
right
down
to
a
good
hour-long
chew.
Then
you’ll
see
her
wandering
around
whimpering(低吠)
with
the
remains
of
the
toy
in
her
mouth.
She
gets
really
frustrated
because
what
she
wants
is
to
bury
the
thing.
She’ll
try
to
dig
a
hole
between
the
cushions
of
the
couch.
Finding
that
unsatisfactory,
she’ll
wander
some
more,
discontent,
until
you
solve
her
problem
for
her.
I
usually
show
her
the
laundry
basket,
moving
a
few
clothes
so
she
can
bury
her
toy
beneath
them.
I
do
sound
like
a
parent,
don’t
I?
You
have
to
understand,
my
own
son
is
practically
grown
up.
Regina’s
food
is
the
Puppy
Chow
in
the
same
room,
where
the
other
pet
food
is
stored.
Give
her
a
bowl
once
in
the
morning
and
once
in
the
evening.
No
more
than
that,
no
matter
how
much
she
begs.
Regina
likes
to
eat
bones
best
and
she
is
likely
to
be
an
overeater,
but
I
don’t
want
her
to
lose
her
girlish
figure.
She
can
share
water
with
Rex
(the
King),
but
be
sure
it’s
changed
daily.
She
needs
to
go
out
several
times
a
day,
especially
last
thing
at
night
and
first
thing
in
the
morning.
Let
her
stay
out
for
about
ten
minutes
each
time,
so
she
can
do
all
her
business.
She
also
needs
a
walk
in
the
afternoon,
after
which
it’s
important
to
romp
with
her
for
a
while
in
the
yard.
The
game
she
loves
most
is
fetch,
but
be
sure
to
make
her
drop
the
ball.
She’d
rather
play
tug
of
war
with
it.
Tell
her,
“Sit!”
Then,
when
she
does,
say,
“Drop
it!”
Be
sure
to
tell
her
“good
girl,”
and
then
throw
the
ball
for
her,
I
hope
you’ll
enjoy
these
sessions
as
much
as
I
do.
Now,
for
the
other
two,
Rex
and
Paws…(letter
continues)
Yours,
Linda
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
（共
2
页）
HYPERLINK
"http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
"
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
1、宾语从句用法
1.
动词后的宾语从句
1)
that引导的宾语从句
后常接that引导的宾语从句的动词有ad
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)mit,
agree,
answer,
believe,
decide,
declare,
expect,
explain,
feel,
hear,
hope,
intend,
insist,
mean,
notice，order,
remember,
reply,
say,
suggest,
think,
wish
等21世纪教育网版权所有
2)
wh-，if引导的宾语从句
后常接wh-，if引导的宾语从句的
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)动词有advise，ask，discuss，doubt，find
out，imagine，inform,inquire,
know,
question,
tell,
understand,
wonder，discover等。21教育名师原创作品
3)“动词+间接宾语+宾语从句”
常使用此类结构的动词有advise，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ask，inform，promise，question，remind，show，teach，tell，warn，assure等。
4)“动词+it+形容词／名词+that从句”
常见的后接it作形式宾语的动词有find，feel，think，believe，make，consider等。
5)
it作形式宾语的特殊句型
常见的有：see
to
it
that...
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)；hate
it
that...；owe
it
to
sb.
that...；take
it
for
granted
that.
2.
形容词后宾语从句
后常接宾语从句的形容词有：anxious
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)，aware，certain，determined，glad，proud，surprised，
worried,
sorry,
thankful,
ashamed,
disappointed,
pleased,
content,
proud,
annoyed,
convinced，confident等。
I
am
not
certain
whether
I
have
met
him
before.
I’m
sorry
(that)
you’re
ill.
3.
介词后宾语从句
on，about，in，but，except等后常接宾语从句
It
depends
on
whether
he
is
coming
or
not.
4.
宾语从句需要注意的问题
1)当主句是一般现在时或者一般将来时时，宾语从句可根据句子意思选择用所需要的时态。
2)当主句是一般过去时时，宾语从句必须用相应的过去时态。
3)但是当宾语从句表达的是普遍真理或客观规律时，宾语从句时态不受主句时态限制而用一般现在时。
4)当主句谓语是thin
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)k，believe，suppose，expect，imagine等，宾语从句的意义是否定时，not要转移到主句中；但当从句有否定意义的never，seldom，hardly，scarcely等词时，否定词不转移。【出处：21教育名师】
5)主句中谓语是think，beli
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eve，suppose，expect，imagine，guess等，同时，wh-连词引导的表示疑问的宾语从句，应将连词wh-置于主句前面，主句若是疑问语序，从句语序不变。
例如：When
do
you
think
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
he
will
come
back?
Do
you
think
when
he
will
come
back?(错句）
6)当主句动词是wish时，从句的时态要
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)用虚拟语气；当主句的动词是suggest，demand，
require等词时，从句要用可省略should的虚拟语气。
7)
if常可代替whether，但是当从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。
8)引导宾语从句的that常可省略，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)但是当两个that从句由and或or连接时，第二个从句的that不能省略。(本知识点在语法填空中学生易忽略，易错！)
【巩固练习】
1.
He
was
born
in____________is
now
known
as
Xiangyang.
2.
We
all
consider
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
________of
great
importance
that
we
should
combine
theory
with
practice.
3.
I
don't
doubt
she
will
learn
a
lot
during
her
stay
in
Paris.
4.
Everything
depends
on________we
have
enough
experience.
5.
He
usually
goes
to
work
on
his
bike
except________it
rains.
6.
Sarah
hopes
to
become
a
friend
of_________shares
her
interests.
2、
3、表语从句用法
1.
that表语从句
1)常接表语从句的联系动词有be，look，remain，seem等。
2)引导表语从句的that不可省略。
The
trouble
is
(that)
she
has
lost
his
money.
2.wh-表语从句
1)当表示“是否”之意时，引导表语从句的连词不能用if，只能用whether。
2)经常见到的句型有that
is
why.，this/
it
is
because.，this
is
where.等。
The
question
is
whether
we
need
more
ice
cream.
【巩固练习】
What
the
doc
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tors
really
doubt
is________
my
mother
will
recover
from
the
serious
disease
soon.
21·世纪
教育网
2.
He
never
works
hard.
And
that's
he
seldom
passes
the
exams.
3.
The
reaso
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)n
she
gave
for
not
being
present
was
the
heavy
snow
prevented
her
coming.
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
1、语法单句填空
1.
He
also
starred
in
is
called
Snow
White
and
the
Huntsman.
2·1·c·n·j·y
2.
After
giving
the
c
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ard,
I
realized
powerful
the
sentence
“thank
you”
is.
3.
He
said
Bonnie
di
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)dn’t
bark
or
bite
like
a
guard
dog,
but
_____
she
behaved
was
enough
to
alert
him.
4.
Of
course,
I
w
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)asn't
signed,
but
hurt
the
most
was
being
told
that
if
I
grew
to
1．75
meters
I
could
be
a
success．
5.
Large
amounts
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)of
sea
ice
loss
could
change
air
circulates
in
the
atmosphere.
6.
It
is
essentia
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)l
for
you
to
know
why
you
are
speaking
and
you
wish
to
accomplish
by
your
speech.
7.
But
_____
I
expect
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)is
for
you
to
think
independently
and
introduce
new
ideas.
8.
As
the
day
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
party
came
near,
Merlin
began
to
think
______
to
make
a
grand
entrance
at
the
party.
9.
But
the
fact
_
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)______being
caught
forces
it
to
exist
close
to
a
creature
it
regards
as
an
enemy
of
the
worst
possible
sort:
yourself.
10.
They
focused
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ir
energies
on
trying
to
have
_______
they
considered
important
for
a
good
life:
membership
in
the
local
country
club,
luxury
cars,
designer
clothing,
and
high-class
society
friends.
11.
It
surpr
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ised
nearly
everyone
that
the
Hatches
had
so
much
money,
more
than
$
3million—they
were
an
elderly
couple
who
lived
in
an
old
house
on_____
was
left
of
the
family
farm.
12.
The
disad
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)vantage
of
paying
less
attention
to
a
minor
subject,
according
to
Li,
is
___________
students
may
not
get
a
comprehensive
understanding
of
the
subject.
13.
Her
friends
told
her
it
was
____
she
had
moved
to
America.
14.
Then
he
asked
her____
there
were
any
big
problems
in
her
life.
15.
But,
in
r
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eality,
we
have
complete
control
over
____
we
spend
our
time.
16.
Knowing
______
education
means
to
a
person,
he
devoted
a
lot
of
energy
and
money
to
building
schools.
17.
Dan
Strasser
sa
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)id
he
heard
Bonnie
running
around
the
living
room
at
about
6
a.m.
Saturday,
so
he
got
out
of
bed
to
see
_____
she
was
so
excited.
18.
When
you
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)talk
with
someone
unknown
on
the
Internet,
you
have
no
idea
at
all
what
kind
of
person
he
is
and
______
he
is
telling
you
the
truth.
二．语法综合填空
(A)
The
California
st
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ate
assembly
recently
approved
the
so-called
Paris
Hilton
bill,
which
prevents
dogs
25______
occupying
the
driver’s
seat
in
a
moving
vehicle.
The
bill
passed
26______
Democrats
wanted
to
make
an
example
of
Miss
Hilton.
They
think
she
is
a
“little
rich
girl”
who
always
gets
her
way;
plus,
her
daddy
is
a
big
contributor
to
the
Republican
Party.
“The
judge
27______
have
put
her
in
jail
for
four
months,”
said
one
Democrat
when
Paris
got
only
a
four-day
jail
sentence
for
driving
while
drunk.21cnjy.com
28______
(drive)
ar
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ound
town
with
her
little
dog
Lovey
hanging
out
the
driver's
window,
Paris
is
a
familiar
sight
throughout
Los
Angeles.
Pictures
of
her
and
Lovey
are
common
in
newspapers
and
magazines.
“That
dog
is
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)a
deadly
threat
to
everyone
on
the
streets
and
the
sidewalks,”
said
assembly
leader
Fabian
Nunez.
“We
wrote
this
bill
to
protect
the
public.
There’s
no
telling
29______
the
dog
might
cause
her
to
drive
into
a
crowd
of
pedestrians.
30______
Paris
wants
to
be
with
her
dog,
let
her
chauffeur
do
the
driving.
The
state
assembly
is
responsible
for
protecting
people,
and
we
take
that
responsibility
seriously.”
The
assemb
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ly
bill
passed
by
a
vote
of
44
to
11.
The
state
senate(参议院)
31______(expect)
to
approve
the
bill,
and
Governor
Schwarzenegger
has
promised
to
sign
it.
“I
love
dogs,”
he
said,
“but
when
it
comes
to
32______
(protect)
the
people
of
California,
dogs
will
have
to
take
a
back
seat.”
The
eleven
assem
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)bly
members
who
objected
to
the
bill
were
all
Republicans.
“While
Californians,”
said
Republican
Tom
Ridge,
“are
being
attacked
daily
by
murderers,
rapists,
and
muggers,
who
do
the
Democrats
protect
citizens
from—a
33______
(spoil)
little
girl
and
her
dog!”
(B)
He
almost
killed
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
somebody,
but
one
minute
changed
his
life.
This
beautiful
story
comes
from
Sherman
Rogers’
book,
Foremen:
Leaders
or
Drivers?
.
In
his
true-lif
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
story,
Rogers
illustrates
the
importance
of
effective
relationships.
During
his
college
years,
Rogers
spent
34______
summer
in
an
Idaho(爱达荷州)
logging
camp.
When
the
superintendent
had
to
leave
for
a
few
days,
he
put
Rogers
in
charge.
“35______
if
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)men
refuse
to
follow
my
orders?”
Rogers
asked.
He
thought
of
Tony,
an
immigrant
worker
who
roared
all
day,
giving
the
other
men
a
hard
time.
“Fire
them,”
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)superintendent
said.
Then,
as
if
36______
(read)
Roger’s
mind,
he
added,
“I
suppose
you
think
you
are
going
to
fire
Tony
if
you
get
the
chance.
I’d
feel
badly
about
that.
I
have
been
logging
for
40
years.
Tony
is
the
most
reliable
worker
I’ve
ever
had.
I
know
he
hates
everybody
and
everything.
But
he
comes
in
first
and
leaves
last.
There
has
not
been
an
accident
for
eight
years
on
the
hill
37______
he
works.”
Rogers
took
over
the
next
day.
He
went
to
Tony
and
spoke
to
him.
“Tony,
do
you
know
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
I’m
in
charge
here
today?”
Tony
grunted（发哼声）.
“I
was
going
to
fire
you
the
first
time
we
fought,
but
I
want
you
to
know
I’m
not,”
he
told
Tony,
adding
what
the
superintendent
38______
(say).
When
he
finis
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hed,
Tony
dropped
the
shovelful
of
sand
he
had
held
and
tears
streamed
down
his
face.
“Why
he
no
tell
me
dat
eight
years
ago?”
That
day
Tony
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)worked
harder
than
ever
before
---
and
he
smiled!
He
later
said
to
Rogers,
“My
first
foreman
who
ever
say,
‘Good
work,
Tony’
and
it
made
me
feel
like
Christmas.”
Rogers
wen
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
back
to
school
after
that
summer.
Twelve
years
later
he
met
Tony
again
who
was
now
superintendent
for
railroad
construction
for
one
of
39______
(large)
logging
companies
in
the
West.
Rogers
asked
him
how
he
came
to
California
and
happened
to
have
such
success.
Tony
replied,
“If
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)it
not
be
for
the
one
minute
you
talk
to
me
back
in
Idaho,
I
keel
somebody
someday.
One
minute
change
my
whole
life.”
Effective
mana
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)gers
know
the
importance
of
taking
a
moment
to
point
out
40______
a
worker
is
doing
well.
But
what
a
difference
a
minute
of
affirmation
can
make
in
any
relationship!
三、选词填空
A.supply
B.
developed
C.
similar
D.
deeply
E.
quantitiesF.
provided
G.
explorations
H.
deeper
I.served
J.
technological
K.
exploiting
Man
is
a
land
animal,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
but
he
is
also
closely
tied
to
the
sea.
Throughout
history
the
sea
has
___1___
the
needs
of
man.
The
sea
has
__2____man
with
food
and
a
convenient
way
to
travel
to
many
parts
of
the
world.
Today,
nearly
two-thirds
of
the
world’s
population
live
within
80
kilometers
of
the
sea
coast.2-1-c-n-j-y
In
the
modern
_
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)__3___
world,
the
sea
offers
many
resources
to
help
mankind
survive
.
Resources
on
land
are
beginning
to
be
used
up.
The
sea,
however,
still
can
be
hoped
to
___4____
many
of
man’s
needs.21
cnjy
com
The
list
of
rich
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)es
of
the
sea
yet
to
be
____5____
by
man’s
technology
is
impressive.
Oil
and
gas
___6____
have
been
carried
out
for
nearly
30
years.
Valuable
amounts
of
minerals
exist
on
the
ocean
floor
ready
to
be
mined
(开采).
Fish
farming
pr
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)omises
to
be
a
good
way
to
produce
large
____7___
of
food.
The
culture
of
fish
and
shellfish
(贝类动物)
is
an
ancient
skill
practised
in
the
past
mainly
by
Oriental
people.
Besides
oil
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
and
gas,
the
sea
may
offer
new
sources
of
energy.
Experts
believe
that
the
warm
temperature
of
the
ocean
can
be
used
in
a
way
____8____
to
the
steam
in
a
steamship.
Ocean
currents
(水流)
and
waves
offer
possible
use
as
a
source
of
energy.
Technology
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
is
enabling
man
to
explore
ever
more
___9___
under
the
sea.
The
development
of
strong,
new
materials
has
made
this
possible.
The
technology
to
harvest
the
sea
continues
to
improve.
Experts
believe
that
by
the
year
2000
the
problems
that
prevent
us
from
___10___
fully
the
food,
minerals,
and
energy
sources
of
the
sea
will
be
largely
solved.www-2-1-cnjy-com
四、
翻译下列句子
1.
你认为有必要采取措施保护上海方言吗？(it)
2.
提前做出周密计划可以帮你更有效地完成这项艰巨任务。(advance)
3.
代表受害者，他期望社会给予他们更多的理解和帮助。(behalf)
4.
尽管时光荏苒，但和同学们一起为进入理想大学而苦读书的日子仍然是他难忘的记忆。(admit)
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
1．
语法单句填空
1.The
best
mome
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nt
for
the
football
star
was
_______
he
scored
the
winning
goal.
2.
Some
people
beli
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eve
_______
has
happened
before
or
is
happening
now
will
repeat
itself
in
the
future.
21教育网
3.
Exactly
_______
the
potato
was
introduced
into
Europe
is
uncertain,
but
it
was
probably
around
1565.
4.
Pick
yourself
up.
Courage
is
doing
___you're
afraid
to
do.
5.
As
John
Lennon
onc
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
said，life
is_______
happens
to
you
while
you
are
busy
making
other
plans.
6.
—What
a
mess!
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
You
are
always
so
lazy!
—I'm
not
to
blame,
mum.
I
am_______you
have
made
me.
7.
It
is
diff
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)icult
for
us
to
imagine_____
life
was
like
for
slaves
in
the
ancient
world.
8.
Grandma
pointed
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)to
the
hospital
and
said,
"That's
______
I
was
born."
9.
I
think
_______
impresses
me
about
his
painting
is
the
colors
he
uses.
10.
“Every
time
you
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eat
a
sweet,
drink
green
tea.”
This
is
_____
my
mother
used
to
tell
me.
11.—Is
it
true
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)at
Mike
refused
an
offer
from
Yale
University
yesterday?
—Yeah,
but
I
have
no
i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)dea
_______
he
did
it;
that’s
one
of
his
favorite
universities.
12.
I
am
afrai
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
he’s
more
of
a
talker
than
a
doer,
which
is
______
he
never
finishes
anything.
13.
She
is
very
dear
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
to
us.
We
have
been
prepared
to
do_______it
takes
to
save
her
life.
14.
It
suddenly
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)occurred
to
him_______
he
had
left
his
keys
in
the
office.【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
15.
He
thought
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
_____
mattered
most
in
improving
your
spoken
English
was
enough
confidence
and
practice.
2．
完形填空
During
the
initial
sta
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ges
of
instructed
L2(
the
second
language)
acquisition
students
learn
a
couple
thousand,
mainly
high
frequency
words.
Functional
language
proficiency,
however,
__50__mastery
of
a
considerably
large
number
of
words.
It
is
therefore
__51__
at
the
intermediate
and
advanced
stages
of
language
acquisition
to
learn
a
large
vocabulary
in
a
short
period
of
time.
There
is
not
enough
time
to
__52__the
natural(largely
incidental)
L1(
the
first
language)
word
acquisition
process.
Incidental
acquisition
of
the
words
is
only
possible
up
to
a
point,
__53__,
on
account
of
their
low
frequency;
they
do
not
__54__often
enough
in
the
L2
learning
material.
Acquisition
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
new
words
from
authentic
L2
reading
texts
by
means
of
strategies
such
as
contextual
deduction(演绎)
is
also
not
a
__55__for
a
number
of
reasons.
There
appears
to
be
no
__56__to
intentional
learning
of
a
great
many
new
words
in
a
relatively
short
period
of
time.
The
words
to
be
learned
may
be
__57__in
isolation
or
in
context.
Presentation
in
bilingual（双语的）
word
lists
seems
an
__58__shortcut
because
it
takes
less
time
than
contextual
presentation
and
yields
excellent
short
term
results.
Long
term
memory,
__59__,
is
often
disappointing
so
contextual
presentation
seems
advisable.
Any
suggestions
on
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
how
to
use
this
in
educational
contexts
should
be
based
on
a
systematic
__60__
of
the
two
most
important
aspects
of
the
L2
word
learning
problem,
this
is
to
say,
selecting
the
relevant
vocabulary
(which
and
how
many
words)
and
creating
the
best
conditions
for
the
acquisition
process.
This
article
sets
out
to
__61__a
computer
assisted
word
acquisition
program
(CAVOCA)
which
tries
to
do
exactly
this:
the
program
operationalizes
current
theoretical
thinking
about
word
acquisition,
and
its
__62__
are
based
on
a
systematic
list
of
the
vocabulary
relevant
for
the
target
group.
To
__63__its
frequency,
the
program
was
__64__
in
a
number
of
experimental
settings
with
a
paired
associated
method
of
learning
new
words.
The
experimental
results
suggest
that
an
approach
combining
the
two
methods
is
most
advisable.
50.
A.
inquires
B.
requires
C.
receives
D.
inspires
51.
A.
difficult
B.
easy
C.
possible
D.
necessary
52.
A.
copy
B.
focus
C.
find
D.
clean
53.
A.
however
B.
moreover
C.
because
D.
nevertheless
54.
A.
disturb
B.
seem
C.
occur
D.
disappear
55.
A.
solution
B.
approach
C.
problem
D.
wonder
56.
A.
official
B.
annual
C.
objective
D.
alternative
57.
A.
predicted
B.
presented
C.
postponed
D.
preferred
58.
A.
available
B.
outstanding
C.
attractive
D.
evident
59.
A.
by
means
of
B.
moreover
C.
in
spite
of
D.
however
60.
A.
focus
B.
analysis
C.
object
D.
target
61.
A.
describe
B.
grasp
C.
link
D.
force
62.
A.
conclusions
B.
appointments
C.
aspects
D.
contents
63.
A.
react
B.
establish
C.
memorize
D.
leave
64.
A.
enhanced
B.
invented
C.
contrasted
D.
behaved
3．
阅读理解
(
A)
People
living
on
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)parts
of
the
south
coast
of
England
face
a
serious
problem.
In
1993,
the
owners
of
a
large
hotel
and
of
several
houses
discovered,
to
their
horror,
that
their
gardens
had
disappeared
overnight.
The
sea
had
eaten
into
the
soft
limestone
（石灰岩）
cliffs
on
which
they
had
been
built.
While
experts
were
studying
the
problem,
the
hotel
and
several
houses
disappeared
altogether,
sliding
down
the
cliff
and
into
the
sea.
Erosion（侵蚀）of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
white
cliffs
along
the
south
coast
of
England
has
always
been
a
problem
but
it
has
become
more
serious
in
recent
years.
Dozens
of
homes
have
had
to
be
abandoned
as
the
sea
has
crept
farther
and
farther
inland.
Experts
have
studied
the
areas
most
affected
and
have
drawn
up
a
map
for
local
people,
forecasting
the
year
in
which
their
homes
will
be
swallowed
up
by
the
hungry
sea.
Angry
owners
have
cal
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)led
on
the
Government
to
erect
sea
defenses
to
protect
their
homes.
Government
surveyors
have
pointed
out
that
in
most
cases,
this
is
impossible.
New
sea
walls
would
cost
hundreds
of
millions
of
pounds
and
would
merely
make
the
waves
and
currents
go
further
along
the
coast,
shifting
the
problem
from
one
area
to
another.
The
danger
is
likely
to
continue,
they
say,
until
the
waves
reach
an
inland
area
of
hard
rock
which
will
not
be
eaten
as
limestone
is.
Meanwhile,
if
you
want
to
buy
a
cheap
house
with
an
uncertain
future,
apply
to
a
house
agent
in
one
of
the
threatened
areas
on
the
south
coast
of
England.
You
can
get
a
house
for
a
knockdown
price
but
it
may
turn
out
to
be
a
knockdown
home.
1.
What
is
the
cause
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
of
the
problem
that
people
living
on
parts
of
the
south
coast
of
England
face?
____________.
A.
The
disap
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)pearance
of
hotels,
houses
and
gardens.
B.
The
experts’
lack
of
knowledge.
C.
The
rising
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)of
the
sea
level.
D.
The
washing-away
of
limestone
cliffs.
2.
The
erosion
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
white
cliffs
in
the
south
of
England
___________________.
A.
will
soon
become
a
problem
for
people
living
in
central
England【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
B.
has
now
become
a
threat
to
the
local
residents
C.
is
quickly
changing
the
map
of
England
D.
can
be
stopped
if
proper
measures
are
taken
3.
The
expert
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s’
study
on
the
problem
of
erosion
can
_____________________.
A.
lead
to
it
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
eventual
solution
B.
provide
an
effective
way
to
slow
it
down
C.
help
to
preve
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nt
it
from
worsening
D.
warn
people
whose
homes
are
in
danger
4.
It
is
not
f
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)easible(可行的)
to
build
sea
defenses
to
protect
against
erosion
because
_____________.www.21-cn-jy.com
A.
it
is
too
costly
and
will
endanger
neighbouring
areas
21·cn·jy·com
B.
the
government
is
too
slow
in
taking
action
C.
they
will
be
easily
knocked
down
by
waves
and
currents
D.
house
agents
along
the
coast
do
not
support
the
idea
(B)
The
term
culture
now
i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
more
used
to
describe
everything
from
the
fine
arts
to
the
outlook
of
a
business
group
or
a
sports
team.
In
its
original
sense,
however,
culture
includes
all
identifying
aspects
of
a
racial
group,
nation,
or
empire:
its
physical
environment,
history,
and
traditions,
its
social
rules
and
economic
structure,
and
its
religious
beliefs
and
arts.
The
central
beli
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)efs
and
customs
of
a
group
are
handed
down
from
one
generation
to
another.
It
is
for
this
reason
that
most
people
regard
culture
as
learned
rather
than
innate.
People
acquire
a
culture
because
they
are
not
born
with
one.
The
process
by
which
a
person
develops
a
taste
for
regional
foods,
accented
speech,
or
an
outlook
on
the
world
over
time,
therefore,
is
known
as
enculturation
(文化适应).
Cultures
are
often
ide
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ntified
by
their
symbols
—
images
that
are
familiar
and
coated
with
meaning.
Totem
poles
(图腾柱)
carved
with
animals
and
creative
figures
suggest
aspects
of
the
Native
American
peoples
of
the
Pacific
Northwest
but
more
literally
represent
specific
tribes
(部落).
In
Asia
and
India,
the
color
of
yellow
is
connected
with
temples
while
in
ancient
China
it
was
a
color
only
the
emperor’s
family
was
allowed
to
wear.
Thus,
different
cultures
may
respond
to
a
symbol
quite
differently.
For
example,
to
some
a
flag
may
represent
pride,
historical
accomplishments,
or
ideals;
to
others,
however,
it
can
mean
danger
or
oppression.
To
individuals
unf
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)amiliar
with
cultures
outside
their
own,
the
beliefs,
behaviors,
and
artistic
expression
of
other
groups
can
seem
strange
and
even
threatening.
A
society
that
ranks
all
other
cultures
against
its
own
standards
is
considered
to
be
ethnocentric
(from
the
Greek
ethnos,
meaning
“people,”
and
kentros,
meaning
“center”).
A
strongly
ethnocentric
society
assumes
also
that
what
is
different
from
its
own
culture
is
likely
to
be
inferior
and,
possibly,
wrong
or
evil.
All
people
are
eth
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nocentric
to
some
degree,
and
some
aspects
of
ethnocentrism,
such
as
national
pride,
contribute
to
a
well-functioning
society.
An
appreciation
for
one’s
own
culture,
however,
does
not
prevent
acceptance
and
respect
for
another
culture.
History
documents
the
long-term
vigour
and
success
of
multicultural
groups
in
which
people
from
numerous
and
various
cultural
backgrounds
live
and
work
together.
Extreme
ethnocentrism,
in
contrast,
can
lead
to
racism
—
the
belief
that
it
is
race
and
racial
origin
that
account
for
variations
in
human
character
or
ability
and
that
one’s
own
race
is
superior
to
all
others.
5.
What
does
the
word
“innate”
in
Paragraph
2
most
probably
mean?
A.
Instinctive.
B.
Developed.
C.
Believable.
D.
Cultivated.
6.
Which
of
the
following
is
true
according
to
the
passage?
A.
Different
int
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)erpretations
of
a
symbol
help
to
distinguish
one
culture
from
another.
B.
An
ethnocentric
cou
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ntry
opens
welcoming
arms
to
cultures
different
from
its
own.
C.
Culture
c
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)onsists
of
some
positive
features
of
a
racial
group,
nation
or
empire.
D.
People
fr
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)om
various
cultural
backgrounds
often
reach
an
agreement
on
some
image.
7.
What
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage?
A.
All
aspects
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
ethnocentrism
can
produce
negative
effects
on
a
society.
B.
Racism
is
u
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nlikely
to
bring
about
serious
conflicts
among
different
cultures.
C.
Respect
and
acce
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ptance
of
different
cultures
are
a
proper
cultural
attitude.
D.
Countries
with
a
st
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rong
sense
of
national
pride
play
a
superior
role
in
the
world.
8.
Which
might
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.
Culture,
the
origin
of
racial
superiority
B.
Culture,
a
faithful
mirror
of
history
C.
Culture,
the
vigour
of
world
development
D.
Culture,
a
distinctive
identity
of
a
nation
(C)
9.
Linda
uses
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
word
children
to
describe
her
pets
because
________.
21
cnjy
com
A.
she
believes
her
pets
possess
childlike
qualities【版权所有：21教育】
B.
the
pets
have
taken
the
place
of
her
children
C.
she
dresses
them
in
children’s
clothing
D.
the
pets
all
have
a
lovely
girlish
figure
10.
If
the
pet
sitter
doesn’t
supervise
her,
________.
A.
Regina
will
play
with
the
cat
B.
Regina
will
spend
an
hour
wandering
C.
Regina
will
solve
her
problem
herself
D.
Regina
will
damage
her
owner’s
furniture
11.
The
pet
sitter
is
advised
to
tell
Regina
“good
girl”
________.
A.
after
Regina
finds
the
ball
B.
after
Regina
drops
the
ball
C.
when
Regina
brings
the
ball
back
D.
every
time
Regina
goes
after
the
ball
12.
What
are
the
three
animals
mentioned
in
the
letter?
A.
Two
cats
and
a
dog.
B.
A
cat,
a
dog
and
a
parrot.
C.
Two
dogs
and
an
unspecified
animal.
D.
A
dog,
a
cat,
and
an
unspecified
animal.
表语从句与宾语从句+语言综合运用
Dear
Lee,
As
I
told
you,
I’ll
be
gone
until
Wednesday
morning.
Thank
you
so
much
for
taking
care
of
my
“children”
while
I’m
away.
Like
real
children,
they
can
be
kind
of
annoying
sometimes,
but
I’m
going
to
enjoy
myself
so
much
more
knowing
they’re
getting
some
kind
human
attention.
Remember
that
Regina
(the
“queen”
in
Latin,
and
she
acts
like
one)
is
teething.
If
you
don’t
watch
her,
she’ll
chew
anything,
like
the
sofa,
chairs,
including
her
“sister”,
the
cat.
There
are
plenty
of
chew
toys
around
the
house.
Whenever
she
starts
biting
on
anything
illegal,
just
divert
her
with
one
of
those.
She
generally
settles
right
down
to
a
good
hour-long
chew.
Then
you’ll
see
her
wandering
around
whimpering(低吠)
with
the
remains
of
the
toy
in
her
mouth.
She
gets
really
frustrated
because
what
she
wants
is
to
bury
the
thing.
She’ll
try
to
dig
a
hole
between
the
cushions
of
the
couch.
Finding
that
unsatisfactory,
she’ll
wander
some
more,
discontent,
until
you
solve
her
problem
for
her.
I
usually
show
her
the
laundry
basket,
moving
a
few
clothes
so
she
can
bury
her
toy
beneath
them.
I
do
sound
like
a
parent,
don’t
I?
You
have
to
understand,
my
own
son
is
practically
grown
up.
Regina’s
food
is
the
Puppy
Chow
in
the
same
room,
where
the
other
pet
food
is
stored.
Give
her
a
bowl
once
in
the
morning
and
once
in
the
evening.
No
more
than
that,
no
matter
how
much
she
begs.
Regina
likes
to
eat
bones
best
and
she
is
likely
to
be
an
overeater,
but
I
don’t
want
her
to
lose
her
girlish
figure.
She
can
share
water
with
Rex
(the
King),
but
be
sure
it’s
changed
daily.
She
needs
to
go
out
several
times
a
day,
especially
last
thing
at
night
and
first
thing
in
the
morning.
Let
her
stay
out
for
about
ten
minutes
each
time,
so
she
can
do
all
her
business.
She
also
needs
a
walk
in
the
afternoon,
after
which
it’s
important
to
romp
with
her
for
a
while
in
the
yard.
The
game
she
loves
most
is
fetch,
but
be
sure
to
make
her
drop
the
ball.
She’d
rather
play
tug
of
war
with
it.
Tell
her,
“Sit!”
Then,
when
she
does,
say,
“Drop
it!”
Be
sure
to
tell
her
“good
girl,”
and
then
throw
the
ball
for
her,
I
hope
you’ll
enjoy
these
sessions
as
much
as
I
do.
Now,
for
the
other
two,
Rex
and
Paws…(letter
continues)
Yours,
Linda
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