春季14-高二英语-阅读专题-教师版+学生版

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
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1、事实细节题
所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案。常用who,
what,
when,
where,
why和how等提问或用与此相类似的词填空。说明文和叙述文的思考题有相当于部分是此类题）及语义转化题（需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论。）抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。这类题型的题干常为：
1)
When/Where
did
the
story
happen?
2)
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
(not)
correct?
3)
Which
of
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
following
statements
is
(not)
mentioned
in
the
passage?2-1-c-n-j-y
4)
Which
is
the
right
order
of
the
events
given
in
the
passage?
5)
All
the
statements
are
true
except.
该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。所以，搜查信息在阅读中非常重要，它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。弄清细节、准确获取信息，也是把握文章中心思想的前提。
例1：If
you
are
a
fru
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)it
grower—or
would
like
to
become
one—take
advantage
of
Apple
Day
to
see
what’s
around.It’s
called
Apple
Day
but
in
practice
it’s
more
like
Apple
Month.The
day
itself
is
on
October
21,
but
since
it
has
caught
on,
events
now
spread
out
over
most
of
October
around
Britain.
Visiting
an
apple
ev
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ent
is
a
good
chance
to
see,
and
often
taste,
a
wide
variety
of
apples.To
people
who
are
used
to
the
limited
choice
of
apples
such
as
Golden
Delicious
and
Royal
Gala
in
supermarkets,
it
can
be
quite
an
eye
opener
to
see
the
range
of
classical
apples
still
in
existence,
such
as
Decio
which
was
grown
by
the
Romans.Although
it
doesn’t
taste
of
anything
special,
it’s
still
worth
a
try,
as
is
the
knobbly(多疙瘩的)
Cat’s
Head
which
is
more
of
a
curiosity
than
anything
else.
There
are
also
v
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)arieties
developed
to
suit
specific
local
conditions.One
of
the
very
best
varieties
for
eating
quality
is
Orleans
Reinette,
but
you’ll
need
a
warm,
sheltered
place
with
perfect
soil
to
grow
it,
so
it’s
“a
pipe
dream”
for
most
apple
lovers
who
fall
for
it.
At
the
events,
you
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)can
meet
expert
growers
and
discuss
which
ones
will
best
suit
your
conditions,
and
because
these
are
family
affairs,
children
are
well
catered
for
with
apple－themed
fun
and
games.
Apple
Days
are
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
being
held
at
all
sorts
of
places
with
an
interest
in
fruit，including
stately
gardens
and
commercial
orchards．If
you
want
to
have
a
real
orchard
experience,
try
visiting
the
National
Fruit
Collection
at
Brogdale，near
Faversham
in
Kent.
1．What
can
people
do
at
the
apple
events?
A．Attend
experts’
lectures.
B．Visit
fruit－loving
families.
C．Plant
fruit
trees
in
an
orchard.
D．Taste
many
kinds
of
apples.
2．What
can
we
learn
about
Decio?
A．It
is
a
new
variety.
B．It
has
a
strange
look.
C．It
is
rarely
seen
now.
D．It
has
a
special
taste.
解析
1．D　细节理解题。根据第
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)二段中首句Visiting
an
apple
event
is
a
good
chance
to
see,
and
often
taste,
a
wide
variety
of
apples.可知，在苹果节人们可以尝到各种各样的苹果。故选
D。
2．C　细节理解题。根据第二段末句．
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)..as
is
the
knobbly(多疙瘩的)
Cat’s
Head
which
is
more
of
a
curiosity
than
anything
else.可知，Decio是一种很罕见的苹果。故选C。
2、词义猜测题
推测词义是指在阅读时要通
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)过上下文交代的内容做出合乎逻辑的猜测。在必要时，做些语法分析，通过词与词的关系，确定其词性；有时根据常识和生活经验或构词法知识，完全可以对那些从未见过的生词的词义做出正确的推测。一般说来，这种题型的题干部分总含有mean，refer
to的字样。做这种题时，特别要注意的是，对于那些我们熟悉的词千万不要妄自、草率下结论，一定要结合上下文判断它在文中的意思。常见的考查这种技能的题型的设问方式有：
1．The
phrase
“...”in
the
sentence
could
be
replaced
by________．
2．The
word
“...”
in
the
paragraph
refers
to
________．
3．What
is
the
mea
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ning
of
the
underlined
word
in
the
paragraph？/What
does
the
underlined
word
mean?
4．Which
of
the
follo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)wing
is
the
closest
in
meaning
to
the
phrase“...”？
5．The
word
“...”most
nearly
means________．
阅读理解中词义猜测题主要考查生词词义判断、代词指代判断、熟词新义判断和普通词汇特殊意义判断。
例1：You
are
given
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
many
opportunities
in
life
to
choose
to
be
a
victim
or
creator.When
you
choose
to
be
a
victim，the
world
is
a
cold
and
difficult
place.“They”
did
things
to
you
which
caused
all
of
your
pain
and
suffering.“They”are
wrong
and
bad，and
life
is
terrible
as
long
as
“they”are
around.Or
you
may
blame
yourself
for
all
your
problems，thus
internalizing(内化)your
victimization.The
truth
is，your
life
is
likely
to
stay
that
way
as
long
as
you
feel
a
need
to
blame
yourself
or
others.
What
does
the
word
“they”
in
Paragraph
1
probably
refer
to?
A．People
and
things
around
you.
B．Opportunities
and
problems.
C．Creators
and
their
choices.
D．Victims
and
their
sufferings.
解析　由本段的第二、三、四句可知they指victim周围的人和事。答案A
例2：On
Transpor
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tation
Days，we
might
stop
for
lunch
on
Chestnut
Street
or
buy
a
new
book
or
toy，but
the
transportation
was
the
point.First，it
was
exciting
enough
to
watch
the
world
speed
by
from
the
train
window.
As
I
got
older，my
mom
helped
me
unlock
the
mysteries
that
would
otherwise
have
paralyzed
my
first
attempts
to
do
it
myself：How
do
I
know
where
to
get
off？How
do
I
know
how
much
it
costs？How
do
I
know
when
I
need
tickets，and
where
to
get
them？What
track，what
line，which
direction，where’s
the
stop，and
will
I
get
wet
when
we
go
under
the
river?
The
underlined
wo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rd
“paralyzed”
(in
Para.5)is
closest
in
meaning
to
“________”．
A．displayed　　　　　B．justified
C．ignored
D．ruined
解析　上下文中的两个关键信息为：unl
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ock
the
mysteries和otherwise。句意：当我长大时，我母亲帮我解开了这些秘密，否则他们可能使我无法作自我首次尝试。D项意为“毁灭”，符合语境。A项意为“陈列”，B项意为“证明……是正当的”；C项意为“不理睬”。答案D
3、推理判断题
1.
推理题常见的提问形式。
常以infer，imply，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)suggest，conclude，learn，intend，mean，describe，purpose等词提问。或提问中含有表示推测的情态动词，如can，could，might，would等和其他表示可能性的动词，如probably，most
likely等。
2.
推理题的解题思路。
如何做好推理判断题？做题时一定要
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。首先，要求考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。其次，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。
再次，在解答推理性问题时，应清楚所要解答的问题是针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题
思想
、作者的意图进行推断。
3.
推理题的解题方法
1）.
利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断
几乎每篇文章的语境
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)都有一定褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能在把握主旨文意的基础上对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。认真阅读原文并找出反映语境褒贬性及变化的标志性
词汇
或句子，对我们掌握文章主旨文意，了解主人公的心理特点及发展变化，从而正确地进行逻辑推断很有好处。
2）.
根据文章的结论推断作者的态度
作者态度、倾向是指作者对陈
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不定，对记叙或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。作者的这种
思想
倾向和感彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感彩的形容词。
3).
根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。
逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。做这类题时，应把握作者的写作思路，预测下文可能发展的内容。文章可按事件发展的经过描写，也可按因果关系,
对比关系来描写。
4).
结合已有的知识进行推断。
知识推断是根据文章中所阐述
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)的细节，运用自己
掌握的基础知识进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方法。知识推断题一般都是针对细节。解答此类题，不仅需要我们有一定的社会基础知识，而且还需要对细节以及有关背景知识有一个充分的理解。
例1：
Decision-think
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ing
is
not
unlike
poker---
it
often
matters
not
only
what
you
think
,
but
also
what
others
think
you
think
and
what
you
think
they
think
you
think
.
The
mental
process
is
similar
.
Naturally
,
this
card
game
has
often
been
of
considerable
interest
to
people
who
are
,
by
any
standards
,
good
thinkers
.
The
great
mat
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hematician
John
Von
Neumann
was
one
of
the
founders
of
game
theory
.
In
particular
,
he
showed
that
all
games
fall
into
two
classes
;
there
are
what
he
called
games
of
‘perfect
information’,
games
like
chess
where
the
players
can't
hide
anything
or
play
tricks
;
they
don't
win
by
chance
,
but
by
means
of
logic
and
skills
.
Then
there
are
games
of
‘imperfect
information’,
like
poker,
in
which
it
is
impossible
to
know
in
advance
that
one
course
of
action
is
better
than
another.
One
mistaken
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)idea
about
business
is
that
it
can
be
treated
as
a
game
of
perfect
information.
Quite
the
reverse,
business,
politics,
life
itself
are
games
which
we
must
normally
play
with
very
imperfect
information.
Business
decisions
are
often
made
with
many
unknown
and
unknowable
factors,
which
would
ever
puzzle
best
poker
players
.
But
few
business
people
find
it
comfortable
to
admit
that
they
are
taking
a
chance
,
and
many
still
prefer
to
believe
that
they
are
playing
chess
,
not
poker.
An
important
factor
in
a
game
of
imperfect
information
is
_______.
A.
rules
B.
luck
C.
time
D.
ideas
[分析]短文第二段有这样一段说明：
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)……游戏可分为两类，一种是被称为
“perfect
information”的游戏，双方无法隐瞒或进行欺骗，他们不是靠碰巧获胜
（
…they
don’t
win
by
chance）。另一种则是
“imperfect
information”的游戏，如打牌，游戏者不可能预先知道他出的这一道牌是否比另一道好。从作者的这种表达可以推断出，“imperfect
information”游戏获胜的一个因素就是运气。因此选B。
例2：When
she
looked
ah
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ead.
Florence
Chadwick
saw
nothing
but
a
solid
wall
of
fog.
Her
body
was
numb.
She
had
been
swimming
for
nearly
sixteen
hours.
Already
she
was
the
first
woman
to
swim
the
English
Channel
in
both
directions.
Now
at
the
age
of
34,
her
goal
was
to
become
the
first
woman
to
swim
from
Catalina
to
the
California
coast.
On
that
fourth
of
Jul
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
morning
1952,
the
sea
was
like
an
ice
bath
and
the
fog
was
so
dense.
She
could
hardly
see
her
support
boats.
Sharks
cruised
toward
her
figure,
only
to
be
driven
away
by
rifle
shots.
Against
the
frigid
grip
of
the
sea,
she
struggled
on,
hour
after
hour,
while
millions
watched
on
national
television.
Alongside
Florence
i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)n
one
of
the
boats,
her
mother
and
here
trainer
offered
encouragement.
They
told
her
it
wasn’t
much
farther.
But
all
she
could
see
was
fog.
They
urged
her
not
to
quit.
She
never
had…
until
then.
With
only
a
half
mile
to
go,
she
asked
to
be
pulled
out.
What
does
“she
never
had…”in
the
third
paragraph
mean?
A.
She
had
never
been
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
so
desperate.
B.
She
had
never
thought
of
giving
it
up.
C.
She
had
never
seen
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)such
thick
fog.
D.
She
had
never
swum
across
the
strait
before.
[分析]根据上下文they
urged
he
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r
not
to
quit,以及with
only
a
half
mile
to
go,
she
asked
to
be
pulled
out.
可以推断出，她当时并没有想放弃，只不过是后来情况变化了。答案：B
例3：
We
are
in
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
computer
age．We
often
see
computers
at
work．They
are
especially
useful
in
automatic
control，data
processing（数据处理）and
solving
complicated
problems．And
they
are
finding
their
way
into
the
home．The
part
played
by
computers
is
becoming
even
more
important
with
each
passing
day．
More
and
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)cleverer
computers
will
continue
to
appear．They
will
run
faster，have
more
functions
and
work
much
more
skillfully．They
will
take
over
more
tasks
from
us，helping
to
change
the
face
of
our
world．Some
people
even
think
that
sooner
or
later
computers
will
replace
us．
However．．．
Which
of
the
f
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ollowing
statements
will
best
continue
the
third
paragraph？
A．
Computers
will
soon
stop
developing．
B．
Many
people
like
computers
very
much．
C．
Computers
are
as
clever
as
man．
D．
I
do
not
think
computers
will
replace
us
completely．
[分析]
本文采用了对比关系法来描写，前面描写了计算机的长处，但作者用However一词预示着将引出相反的观点，故答案为D。
4、主旨大意题
1.
主旨大意题干表现形式
1）．
中心思想类
The
main
idea
of
the
passage
is…
The
passage
is
mainly
about…
The
passage
mainly
discusses…
Which
of
the
followi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ng
statements
best
expresses
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
2）．标题类
Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
The
best
title
for
the
passage
would
be
…
3）.目的类
The
author’s
main
purpose
in
writing
the
passage
is
to
…
The
passage
is
meant
to
….
2.
如何找准主题句
主题句的特点:
包含文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题。
某些文章中反复出现的中心词(即高频词)
关注重要标志词：but,
yet,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)however,
not
only…but
also,
for
example
，such
as,
so,
therefore,
actually
,in
short,
show/find/
suggest/argue
等词后往往预示着新发现或真理
3.干扰项(即错误选项)特点
1）以偏概全。选项只是局部信息,
或是一句没有展开论述的话；
2）过于笼统。即选项归纳的主题过于宽泛,
与细节脱节或是没有对细节加以充分论述；
3）无中生有。选项的观点强加于作者,
选项的观点往往是读者根据自己的常识对文章进行判断而忽视作者的见解；
4）相反信息。与文章的主题完全相反
5）无关信息。既在文章中没有提到或找不到语言依据的信息.
例1：Viewing
ch
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ildhood
development
as
a
scientific
investigation
throws
light
on
how
children
learn,
but
it
also
offers
an
inspiring
look
at
science
and
scientists.
Why
do
young
children
and
scientists
seem
to
be
so
much
alike?
Psychologists
have
suggested
that
science
as
an
effort
—
the
desire
to
explore,
explain,
and
understand
our
world
—
is
simply
something
that
comes
from
our
babyhood.
Perhaps
evolution
provided
human
babies
with
curiosity
and
a
natural
drive
to
explain
their
worlds,
and
adult
scientists
simply
make
use
of
the
same
drive
that
served
them
as
children.
The
same
cognitive
(认知的)
systems
that
make
young
children
feel
good
about
figuring
something
out
may
have
been
adopted
by
adult
scientists.
As
some
psychologists
put
it，“It
is
not
that
children
are
little
scientists
but
that
scientists
are
big
children.”
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
last
paragraph?
A．The
world
may
be
more
clearly
explained
through
children’s
play.
B．Studying
babies’
pl
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ay
may
lead
to
a
better
understanding
of
science.
C．Children
may
have
g
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)reater
ability
to
figure
out
things
than
scientists.
D．One’s
driv
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
for
scientific
research
may
become
stronger
as
he
grows.
[分析]
首先，根据题干可
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)以确定此题为主旨大意题，考查段落的主旨大意。然后，根据读文关注点定位到原文中的第一句话“Viewing
childhood
development
as
a
...
look
at
science
and
scientists.”；再由关注点——转折信息处定位到本句话的后半部分“but
it
also
offers
an
inspiring
look
at
science
and
scientists”，此处用到了转折连词but强调本部分内容，故可知本段主要强调研究孩子们的游戏可能有助于更好地理解科学。所以B项正确。A项表述不够确切，属于过于笼统，不知所云；C、D两项文中未提及，属于无中生有，生搬硬套。
例2：Reading
can
be
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
social
activity.Think
of
the
people
who
belong
to
book
groups.They
choose
books
to
read
and
then
meet
to
discuss
them.Now,
the
website

turns
the
page
on
the
traditional
idea
of
a
book
group.
Members
go
o
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)n
the
site
and
register
the
books
they
own
and
would
like
to
share.BookCrossing
provides
an
identification
number
to
stick
inside
the
book.Then
the
person
leaves
it
in
a
public
place,
hoping
that
the
book
will
have
an
adventure,
traveling
far
and
wide
with
each
new
reader
who
finds
it．
Bruce
Peterson,
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
managing
director
of
Book
Crossing,
says,
“The
two
things
that
change
your
life
are
the
people
you
meet
and
books
you
read.Book
Crossing
combines
both.”
Members
leave
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
books
on
park
benches
and
buses,
in
train
stations
and
coffee
shops.Whoever
finds
their
book
will
go
to
the
site
and
record
where
they
found
it.
People
who
find
a
b
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ook
can
also
leave
a
journal
entry
describing
what
they
thought
of
it.E－mails
are
then
sent
to
the
Book
Crossing
to
keep
them
updated
about
where
their
books
have
been
found.Bruce
Peterson
says
the
idea
is
for
people
not
to
be
selfish
by
keeping
a
book
to
gather
dust
on
a
shelf
at
home.
Book
Crossing
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)is
part
of
a
trend
among
people
who
want
to
get
back
to
the
“real”
and
not
the
virtual．The
site
now
has
more
than
one
million
members
in
more
than
one
hundred
thirty－five
countries.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．Online
Reading:
A
Virtual
Tour
B．Electronic
Books:
A
new
Trend
C．A
Book
Group
Brings
Tradition
Back
D．A
Website
Links
People
through
Books
[分析]
D　[标题概括题。通读全文可知，这个网站把人们生命中最重要的两个事物——人和书紧密联系在一起。故D项最能概括全文主旨。21世纪教育网版权所有
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
A
Ever
since
news
of
wid
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)espread
food
recalls
caused
by
a
carcinogenic
dye
broke,
there
has
been
confusion
over
possible
links
to
the
country
of
the
same
name,
but
Sudan
officials
say
there
is
no
connection
whatever.
Sudan
1
is
a
red
indu
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)strial
dye
that
has
been
found
in
some
chilli
powder,
but
was
banned
in
food
products
across
the
European
Union
(EU)
in
July
2003.
Since
the
ban
was
put
in
place,
EU
officials
have
been
striving
to
remove
some
food
products
from
the
shelves.
So
far
580
products
have
been
recalled.
Last
week
Sud
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)an’s
Embassy
in
the
United
Kingdom
asked
the
Food
Standards
Agency
(FSA)
for
clarification
of
the
origin
of
the
dye’s
name.
Omaima
Mahmo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ud
Al
Sharief,
a
press
official
at
Sudan’s
Embassy
in
China,
explained
the
purpose
of
the
inquiry
was
to
clear
up
any
misunderstanding
over
links
between
the
country
and
the
poisonous
dye.
　　"We
want
to
keep
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)an
eye
on
every
detail
and
avoid
any
misunderstanding
there,"
she
said.
"Our
embassy
to
Britain
asked
them
how
the
dye
got
that
name
and
whether
the
dye
had
something
to
do
with
our
country.
But
they
told
us
there
was
no
relationship."
The
FSA,
an
independent
food
security
watchdog
in
Britain,
received
a
letter
from
the
Sudanese
embassy
last
week.
　"They
asked
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)us
why
the
dye
is
named
Sudan,
however,
we
also
do
not
know
how
it
got
the
name,"
she
said.
"People
found
the
dye
in
1883
and
gave
it
the
name.
Nobody
knows
the
reason,
and
we
cannot
give
any
explanation
before
we
find
out."
Sudan
dyes,
which
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
include
Sudan?1
to
4,
are
red
dyes（颜料）
used
for
colouring
solvents（溶剂）,
oils,
waxes,
petrol,
and
shoe
and
floor
polishes.
They
are
classified
as
carcinogens
by
the
International
Agency
for
Research
on
Cancer.
1.
What
does
the
underlined
word
mean
in
paragraph
one?
A.
Causing
ca
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ncer.
B.
Having
side
effect.
C.
Containing
poison.
D.Poisonous.
2.
How
did
the
Sudan1
get
its
name?
A.
The
dye
is
often
produced
in
Sudan.
B.
The
dye
has
something
to
do
with
the
country
named
Sudan.
C.
Nobody
is
sure
of
the
origin
of
the
name.
D.
Many
foods
produced
in
Sudan
contain
the
dye.
3.
We
can
infer
from
the
passage
that____________.
A.
the
Sudan
government
is
paying
much
attention
to
the
food
safety
B.
Sudan?1
is
often
used
to
be
added
to
the
food
C.
people
didn’t
realize
the
danger
of
Sudan?1
until
2003
D.
many
food
shops
will
be
closed
down
4.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title?
A.
Keep
away
from
Sudan
1
B.
No
Sudan
1
dye
links
to
the
country
C.
How
Sudan
1
dye
got
its
name?
D.
Pay
attention
to
the
food
safety
【答案与解析】ACBB
1.
A词义猜测题。根据T
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hey
are
classified
as
carcinogens
by
the
International
Agency
for
Research
on
Cancer.
可知这个词与癌症有关，故可推出carcinogenic意为"致癌的"。
2.
C细节题。根据People
fo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)und
the
dye
in
1883
and
gave
it
the
name.
Nobody
knows
the
reason,
and
we
cannot
give
any
explanation
before
we
find
out.可知还没有人知道"苏丹红"名称的由来。
3.
B推断题。根据EU
offici
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)als
have
been
striving
to
remove
some
food
products
from
the
shelves.
So
far
580
products
have
been
recalled.知某些食品因含有"苏丹红"而被召回。故推断"苏丹红"经常用作食品添加剂。
4.
B主旨大意题。根据there
ha
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
been
confusion
over
possible
links
to
the
country
of
the
same
name,
but
Sudan
officials
say
there
is
no
connection
whatever.
可知本文主要讲"苏丹红"与苏丹这个国家是否有联系的问题，故B最佳。
B
(You
may
read
the
questions
first)
Su
Hua
is
studying
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
at
Cambridge,
UK.
She
has
bought
a
bicycle
and
is
worried
about
security(安全）.Her
friend,
Kate,
found
this
article
and
sent
it
to
her.
Introduction
A
lot
of
crime
is
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)against
bicycles.
About
150,000
bicycles
are
stolen
every
year
and
most
are
never
found.You
can
prevent
this
happening
by
following
a
few
careful
steps.
Basic
Security
Do
not
leave
you
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r
bicycle.
in
out-of-the-way
places.
Always
lock
your
bicycle
when
you
leave.
Secure
it
to
lampposts
or
trees.
Take
off
smaller
parts
and
take
them
with
you,
for
example
lights
and
saddles(车座）.
Locks
Get
a
good
lock.
T
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)here
are
many
different
types
in
the
shops.
Buy
one
that
has
been
tested
against
attack.
Ask
for
a
recommendation
from
a
bike
shop.
Marking
Security
marki
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ng
your
bike
can
act
as
a
deterrent
to
a
thief.
It
can
also
help
the
police
find
your
bicycle.
It
should
be
clearly
written
and
include
your
postcode
and
your
house
or
flat
number.
This
will
provide
a
simple
way
to
identify
your
bicycle.
Registration
There
are
a
number
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)of
companies
who
will
security
mark
your
bicycle
for
you.
They
will
then
put
your
registration
number
and
personal
details
on
their
computer
database.
Then
if
your
bicycle
is
found
it
will
be
easy
to
contact
you.
Finally
Keep
a
record
of
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)bicycle
yourself:
its
make,
model
and
registration
number.
You
can
even
take
a
photograph
of
it.
This
will
prove
the
bicycle
belongs
to
you.
5.
Which
part
of
the
text
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
gives
you
information
on
how
to
lock
up
your
bicycle
when
you
leave
it?
21
cnjy
com
A
.Locks.
B.
Marking.
?
C.
Registration.
D.Basic
Security.
6.The
underlined
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Phrase
“act
as
a
deterrent
to
a
thief”
means________.
A.
help
you
recognize
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)your
bike
B.
help
the
police
find
your
bicycle
C.
stop
some
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)one
stealing
your
bicycle
D.
stop
you
worrying
about
your
bike
7.The
article
advises
you
to
keep
a
record
of
your
bicycle________.
A.
in
the
bike
shop
an
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
your
computer
B.
in
a
police
station
and
a
security
company
C.
in
a
security
compa
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ny
and
your
university
D.
by
yourself
and
in
a
security
company
8.The
main
purpose
of
this
article
is
________.
A.
to
tell
you
what
to
do
if
your
bicycle
is
stolen?
B.
to
suggest
ways
of
keeping
your
bicycle
safe
C.
to
give
you
advice
on
where
to
buy
a
good
lock
D.
to
say
why
you
shouldn’t
keep
your
bicycle
in
a
quiet
place
【答案与解析】DCDB
5.
D细节题。据短文中的“Do
no
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
leave
your
bicycle
in
out-of-the-way
places.
Always
lock
your
bicycle
when
you
leave.”可判断在Basic
Security中给你有关离开时锁自行车的信息。
6.
C猜义题。根据下文中的“It
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)can
also
help
the
police
find
your
bicycle.”可判断出画线部分act
a
deterrent
to
a
thief”的意思是“防止有人偷你的自行车”。
7.
D细节题。根据短文中的“They
w
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ill
then
put
your
registration
number
and
personal
details
on
their
computer
database.”和“Keep
a
record
of
the
bicycle
yourself:
its
make,model
and
registration
number.
You
can
even
take
a
photograph
of
it.”可判断出由你和保险公司留一份自行车的记录。
8.
B主旨题。这篇短文讲述了如何保证你的自行车的安全,所以其目的是建议你保证你的自行车的安全。
C
A
warm
drink
of
milk
b
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)efore
bed
has
long
been
the
best
choice
for
those
wanting
a
good
night’s
sleep.But
now
a
study
has
found
it
really
does
help
people
nod
off—if
it
is
milked
from
a
cow
at
night.
Researchers
have
disco
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)vered
that“night
milk”
contains
more
melatonin(褪黑激素),
which
has
been
proven
to
help
people
feel
sleepy
and
reduce
anxiety.
The
study,
by
re
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)searchers
from
Seoul,
South
Korea,
involved
mice
being
fed
with
dried
milk
powder
made
from
cows
milked
both
during
the
day
and
at
night.
Those
given
night
m
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ilk,
which
contained
10
times
the
amount
of
melatonin,
were
less
active
and
less
anxious
than
those
fed
with
the
milk
collected
during
daytime,
according
to
the
study
published
in
The
Journal
of
Medicinal
Food.
Night
milk
quickened
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
start
of
sleep
and
caused
the
mice
to
sleep
longer.
While
the
effe
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ct
of
cows
milk
harvested
at
different
time
has
not
been
tested
on
humans
up
to
now,
taking
melatonin
drugs
has
been
suggested
to
those
who
are
struggling
to
fall
asleep
at
night.
Previous
studies
hav
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
also
indicated
that
milk
can
be
excellent
for
helping
sleep
because
of
the
calcium
content,
which
helps
people
to
relax.
Milk
is
also
sugar
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)－free
and
additive－free
with
nutritionists
recommending
skimmed
milk
as
the
best
choice
before
bed
as
it
is
the
least
fattening.The
more
fat
you
take
in
before
bedtime,
the
greater
burden
you
will
put
on
your
body
at
night.
9．According
to
the
text,
the
mice
fed
with
daytime
milk________．
A．started
sleep
more
easily
B．were
more
anxious
C．were
less
active
D．woke
up
later
10．Which
of
the
following
is
true
of
melatonin
according
to
the
text?
A．It’s
been
tested
on
mice
for
ten
times.
B．It
can
make
people
more
energetic.
C．It
exists
in
milk
in
great
amount.
D．It’s
used
in
sleeping
drugs.
11．What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A．Night
Milk
and
Sleep
B．Fat
Sugar
and
Health
C．An
Experiment
on
Mice
D．Milk
Drinking
and
Health
12．How
does
the
author
support
the
theme
of
the
text?21cnjy.com
A．By
giving
examples.
B．By
stating
arguments.
C．By
explaining
statistical
data.
D．By
providing
research
results.
【答案与解析】BDAD
9．B　细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ose
given
night
milk,
which
contained
10
times
the
amount
of
melatonin,
were
less
active
and
less
anxious
than
those
fed
with
the
milk
collected
during
daytime”可知喝白天挤的牛奶的老鼠比喝夜间挤的牛奶的老鼠更容易焦躁。
10．D　推理判断题。根据
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)第六段中的“taking
melatonin
drugs
has
been
suggested
to
those
who
are
struggling
to
fall
asleep
at
night”可知，褪黑激素已经制成药物供那些难以入睡的人服用。
11．A　主旨大意题。文章主要说明了喝夜间挤的牛奶与睡眠之间的关系。故选项A
是文章的最佳标题。
12．D　篇章结构题。详读全文，可以看出作者是通过提供研究成果来支持文章主题的，故选D项。
D
Have
you
ever
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)een
harmful
robots
refuse
to
die,
no
matter
how
fiercely
people
fight
back?
As
is
known,
it
is
always
the
case
in
some
of
the
scariest
science
fiction.21·世纪
教育网
Now,
scienc
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
fiction
has
changed
into
science
fact.
For
the
first
time,
researchers
have
created
a
robotic
machine
that
can
stand
a
beating
and
keep
on
walking.
Developed
by
scientists
from
Cornell
University
and
the
University
of
Vermont,
the
new
robot
looks
like
a
spider
with
four
legs.
21
cnjy
com
Until
now,
even
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
most
advanced
robot
was
almost
certain
to
break
down
when
damaged.
That’s
because
its
inside
computer
simply
doesn’t
know
how
to
operate
the
machine
after
its
shape
has
changed.
To
get
arou
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nd
this
problem,
the
spidery
robot’s
developers
equipped
their
invention
with
eight
motors
and
two
sensors
that
read
how
the
machine
is
tilting(倾斜).
The
motors
and
sensors
all
provide
electrical
signals
to
the
machine’s
software.
Using
this
info
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rmation,
the
system
follows
a
new
procedure
to
figure
out
the
machine’s
shape
at
any
given
moment.
The
program
chooses
from
among
100,000
possible
arrangements
of
parts.
From
there,
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
computer
considers
a
wide
variety
of
possible
next
steps,
and
it
calculates
how
best
to
move
the
robot
forward
the
longest
possible
distance,
before
trying
to
move
again.
“The
new
strateg
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
is
a
major
advance
in
robotics”,
Professor
Skehan,
a
scientist
in
Cornell
University
says,
“and
it’s
far
from
scary”.
The
technology
may
someday
help
researchers
create
better
artificial
arms
and
legs
that
give
new
freedom
to
people
who
lack
them.
The
new
knowledge
might
also
help
scientists
understand
how
people
and
animals
figure
out
their
own
sense
of
place
in
space.
“Designing
robots
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
that
can
adapt
to
changing
environments
and
can
compensate(补偿)
for
damage
has
been
a
difficult
problem,”
says
neuroscientist
Olaf
Sporns
of
Indiana
University
in
Bloomington.
“This
work
provides
a
new
way
toward
solving
this
important
problem.”
13.
What’s
the
most
important
characteristic
of
the
new
robot?
A.
Its
shape
is
like
a
spider
with
four
legs.
B.
It
can
repair
itself
and
move
again
after
damaged.
C.
It
is
operated
by
its
inside
computer.
D.
It
is
certain
to
change
the
direction
when
damaged.
14.
it
can
be
learnt
from
the
passage
that
________.
A.
animals
have
no
sense
of
place
in
space
B.
people
ha
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ve
difficulty
in
figuring
out
how
to
get
to
his
destination
C.
scientists
don’t
understand
people’s
ability
of
location
D.
scientists
want
to
know
where
people
and
animals
are
going
15.
We
can
infer
from
the
view
of
Professor
Skehan
that
________.
A.
the
new
tech
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nology
will
help
people
have
a
better
sense
of
space
B.
the
new
technology
will
help
people
grow
new
arms
and
legs
C.
designing
robots
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
can
help
to
be
adaptable
to
the
changing
of
the
environment
D.
the
new
technology
will
have
some
medical
benefits
16.
The
purpose
of
the
author
to
write
this
article
is
to
________.
A.
introduce
a
new
robot
that
will
not
die
B.
discuss
science
fiction
and
new
invention
C.
recommend
the
latest
invention
D.
explain
the
relationship
between
robot
and
medicine21·cn·jy·com
KEYS：
BCDA
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
(A)
Of
all
the
au
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)dience
for
live
entertainment,
the
studio
variety
is
widely
considered
to
be
the
lowest
of
low.
I
have
heard
it
said
that
even
people
who
work
in
television
treat
studio
audience
with
scorn--
or,
as
one
cameraman
put
it,
“like
cattle”.21教育名师原创作品
I
had
assumed
tha
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
studios
were
made
up
of
silly
people
desperate
for
two
seconds
of
fame.
But
there’s
no
such
thing
as
a
typical
studio
audience.
They
come
from
all
classes,
professions
and
income
groups.
Television
tries
to
attract
different
types
of
people
for
different
types
of
programs.
Those
of
us
who
pre
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)fer
to
watch
television
from
home
can’t
see
why
anyone
would
want
to
watch
television
from
a
studio.
Why
would
anyone
bother
to
apply
for
tickets,
travel
for
long
distances,
and
suffer
hours
of
boredom
in
the
uncomfortableness
of
a
studio
just
to
watch
what
they
can
see
at
home?
One
theory
is
that
pe
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ople
hope
that
for
a
second
they
might
appear
on
television.
I
didn’t
believe
this
until
I
spoke
to
Angela.
Why
had
she
come?
“It
was
a
chance
to
appear
on
television.”
Another
theory
is
that
people
are
curious
to
take
a
look
behind
the
scenes.
But
the
most
common
explanation
I
heard
was
simply
a
case
of
“a
friend
gave
the
ticket.”www-2-1-cnjy-com
Few
of
us
have
sat
in
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)as
studio
audiences,
yet
we
think
we
can
imagine
what
it
is
like.
You
sit
there,
jammed
among
strangers,
while
someone
flashes
cards
with
APPLAUD
or
LAUGH
on
them---
and
you
clap
or
laugh
accordingly.
This
may
reflect
the
reality
of
some
television,
but
not
all
by
any
means.
As
one
studio
manager
puts
it,
“we
always
assume
a
show
will
be
good
enough
not
to
need
these
signs.”
But
is
there
any
re
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)al
difference
between
what
you
experience
in
a
studio
and
what
you
see
on
your
television
at
home?
For
Claire,
sitting
in
a
studio
is
“more
exciting”,
while
Charlotte
likes
the
feeling
of
involvement
with
the
live
television.
“Last
year
I
saw
my
favorite
actor.
When
you
see
him
on
television
at
home
you
miss
out
a
lot.”
1.
The
word
“scorn”
in
the
first
paragraph
refers
to
________.
A.
a
feeling
that
someone
does
not
deserve
respect
B.
a
feeling
that
someone
can
be
admired
C.
an
attitude
that
shows
sincerity
D.
an
attitude
that
displays
hatred
2.
What
are
typical
studio
audiences
like?
A.
They
are
silly.
B.
They
are
desperate
for
fame
C.
They
are
from
low-income
groups.
D.
They
are
selected
for
different
programs.
3.
Why
would
som
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eone
flash
card
with
APPLAUD
or
LAUGH
on
studio
audiences?
A.
He
wants
them
to
think
that
the
program
is
good..【版权所有：21教育】
B.
He
wants
to
help
them
to
understand
the
show.
C.
He
wants
to
show
his
feeling
of
involvement
to
them.
D.
He
wants
TV
viewers
to
believe
that
the
program
is
excellent.
4.
Which
of
the
foll
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)owing
is
NOT
the
reason
for
people
to
become
studio
audiences?
A.
They
want
to
see
themselves
on
TV.
B.
They
expec
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
to
make
friends
with
their
favorite
actors
and
actresses.
C.
They
desir
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
to
experience
the
feeling
of
involvement
with
live
television.
D.
They
would
like
to
know
what
it
is
like
in
a
studio.
KEYS：
ADDB
(B)
DONALD
SLOAN
Gates
Hall
University
of
Kansas
Lawrence,
KS
66045
913-243-1682
After
May
2009:
46
Clayton
Drive
St．Louis,
MO
63130
314-726-8840
Objective
To
work
with
the
clien
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
(委托人)
population
in
a
social
service
position.2·1·c·n·j·y
Education
B.A.,
University
of
Kansas,
Lawrence,
KS,
2009
Major:
Social
Services
Minor:
Applied
Psychology
Experience
Assistant
Activit
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ies
Supervisor,
Fairview
Nursing
Home,
Lawrence,
KS,
November
2006-present．Help
organize
and
implement
recreational
activities
for
nursing
home
residents．Activities
include
crafts,
dances,
day
trips,
sing-alongs,
and
visiting
performers.
Hotline
Volun
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)teer．Teen
Crisis
Center,
Lawrence,
KS,
September
2006-
May
2007．Handled
crisis
calls
from
teenagers
in
the
community．Dealt
with
drug
use,
unwanted
pregnancies,
failing
grades,
and
the
breakdown
of
parent-teen
relationships.
Nurse’s
Aide,
Dany
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ers
General
Hospital,
St．Louis,
MO,
Summer
2006．Assisted
nurses
in
patient
care．Took
histories,
updated
charts,
and
helped
prepare
patients
for
surgery.
Activities
University
Co
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ncert
Board．Work
with
other
board
members
to
plan
and
implement
on-campus
concerts.
Senior
Gift
Camp
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)aign．Help
manage
the
campaign
to
raise
funds
for
the
senior
class
gift
to
the
university.
Residence
Hall
P
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rogramming
Board．Planned
social
events
for
Eggar
Residence
Hall.
Skills
Fluent
in
Frenc
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)h．Water
safety
instructor．Skilled
at
working
with
people.
Interests
Skiing,
softball,
classical
music,
and
guitar．
5．This
passage
is
most
probably
______.
A．an
advertisement
for
enrolling
new
employees
B．a
school
report
at
the
end
of
an
academic
year21教育网
C．a
self-introduction
meant
to
apply
for
a
job
D．a
part
of
a
recommendation
letter
from
a
university
6．According
to
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
“Experience”
section,
we
can
infer
that
Donald
Sloan
can
be
_____.
A．a
wise
leader
B．a
skillful
performer
C．a
gifted
scientist
D．a
good
social
worker
7．From
the
passage
we
can
learn
that
Donald
Sloan
______.
A．is
good
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)at
singing
and
dancing
B．is
about
to
graduate
from
a
university
C．has
an
interest
in
being
a
surgeon
D．specializes
in
psychology
KEYS：CDB
(C)
Recently,
a
case
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
of
lifeboat
ethics
(伦理)
occurred.
On
Aug.
4,
Graham
and
Sheryl
Anley,
while
boating
off
the
coast
of
South
Africa,
hit
a
rock.
As
the
boat
threatened
to
sink,
the
husband
got
off,
but
his
wife
was
trapped
in
the
boat.
Instead
of
freeing
his
wife
and
getting
her
to
shore,
Graham
grabbed
Rosie,
their
pet
dog.
With
Rosie
safe
and
sound,
Graham
returned
for
Sheryl.
All
are
doing
fine.
www.21-cn-jy.com
It’s
a
great
story
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?),
but
it
doesn’t
strike
me
as
especially
newsworthy.
News
is
supposed
to
be
about
something
fairly
unique,
and
recent
research
suggests
that,
in
the
right
circumstances,
lots
of
people
also
would
have
grabbed
their
Rosie
first.
We
have
strange
rel
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ationships
with
our
pets.
We
look
after
our
pets
with
great
love
and
better
health
care
than
billions
of
people
receive.
We
speak
to
pets
with
the
same
high-pitched
voices
that
we
use
for
babies.
As
an
extreme
example
of
our
feelings
about
pets,
the
Nazis
had
strict
laws
that
guaranteed
the
kind
treatment
of
the
pets
of
Jews
being
shipped
to
death
camps.
A
recent
paper
by
Ge
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)orge
Regents
University
demonstrates
this
human
involvement
with
pets
to
an
astonishing
extent.
Participants
in
the
study
were
told
a
situation
in
which
a
bus
is
out
of
control,
bearing
down
on
a
dog
and
a
human.
Which
do
you
save?
With
responses
from
more
than
500
people,
the
answer
was
that
it
depended:
What
kind
of
human
and
what
kind
of
dog?
Everyone
would
save
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
a
brother,
grandparent
or
close
friend
rather
than
a
strange
dog.
But
when
people
considered
their
own
dog
VS
people
less
connected
with
them—a
distant
cousin
or
a
hometown
stranger—votes
in
favor
of
saving
the
dog
came
rolling
in.
And
an
astonishing
40%
of
respondents,
including
46%
of
women,
voted
to
save
their
dog
over
a
foreign
tourist.
What
does
a
finding
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
like
this
mean?
First,
that
your
odds
aren’t
so
good
if
you
find
yourself
in
another
country
with
a
bus
bearing
down
on
you
and
a
cute
dog.
But
it
also
points
to
something
deeper:
our
unprecedented
(史无前例的)
attitude
toward
animals,
which
got
its
start
with
the
birth
of
kind-hearted
societies
in
the
19th
century.
We
prison
people
wh
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)o
abuse
animals,
put
ourselves
in
harm’s
way
in
boats
between
whales
and
whalers
and
show
sympathy
to
Bambi
and
his
mother.
We
can
extend
sympathy
to
an
animal
and
feel
its
pain
like
no
other
species.
But
let’s
not
be
too
proud
of
ourselves.
As
this
study
and
too
much
of
our
history
show,
we’re
pretty
selective
about
how
we
extend
our
kindness
to
other
human
beings.
8.
What
is
the
function
of
the
first
paragraph?
A.
To
create
a
relaxing
mood
for
readers.
B.
To
present
the
theme
of
this
essay
straightly.
【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
C.
To
lead
in
the
main
topic
of
this
essay.
D.
To
raise
problems
that
will
be
solved
later.
9.
The
author
menti
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ons
Nazi
laws
in
the
third
paragraph
_______________.
A.
to
show
how
cruel
the
Nazis
were
to
the
Jews
B.
as
an
example
to
persuade
people
not
to
love
pets
C.
to
illustrate
the
strange
relationship
between
human
and
pets
D.
as
an
example
to
display
the
kindness
of
the
Nazis
10.
Which
of
the
following
is
true
according
to
the
article?
【出处：21教育名师】
A.
The
story
of
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
Anleys
and
their
dog
was
too
unique
to
be
newsworthy.
B.
Most
people
surv
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eyed
choose
to
save
their
own
dog
rather
than
a
human.
C.
It
was
in
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
19th
century
that
human
beings
started
to
love
their
pets.
D.
Human
beings
are
more
and
more
concerned
with
animals
nowadays.
11.
What
does
the
author
mainly
argue
for?
A.
Pets
are
of
great
significance
to
us
human
beings.
B.
We
should
rethink
about
our
attitude
towards
animals
and
mankind.
C.
It
is
kind
of
human
beings
to
extend
kindness
to
animals.
D.
We
should
be
select
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ive
when
showing
attitude
toward
other
human
beings.
KEYS：
CCDB
D
In
the
world
of
enter
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tainment,
TV
talk
shows
have
undoubtedly
flooded
every
inch
of
space
on
daytime
television.
And
anyone
who
watches
them
regularly
knows
that
each
one
varies
in
style
and
format.
But
no
two
shows
are
more
profoundly
opposite
in
content,
while
at
the
same
time
standing
out
above
the
rest,
than
the
Jerry
Springer
and
the
Oprah
Winfrey
shows.
Jerry
Springer
could
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
easily
be
considered
the
king
of
"trash
talk(废话)".
The
topics
on
his
show
are
as
shocking
as
shocking
can
be.
For
example,
the
show
takes
the
ever
-
common
talk
show
themes
of
love,
sex,
cheating,
guilt,
hate,
conflict
and
morality
to
a
different
level.
Clearly,
the
Jerry
Springer
show
is
a
display
and
exploitation
of
society's
moral
catastrophes,
yet
people
are
willing
to
eat
up
the
intriguing
predicaments
of
other
people's
lives.
Like
Jerry
Springer,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Oprah
Winfrey
takes
TV
talk
show
to
its
extreme,
but
Oprah
goes
in
the
opposite
direction.
The
show
focuses
on
the
improvement
of
society
and
an
individual's
quality
of
life.
Topics
range
from
teaching
your
children
responsibility,
managing
your
work
weekly,
to
getting
to
know
your
pared
to
Op
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rah,
the
Jerry
Springer
show
looks
like
poisonous
waste
being
dumped
on
society.
Jerry
ends
every
show
with
a
"final
word".
He
makes
a
small
speech
that
sums
up
the
entire
moral
of
the
show.
Hopefully,
this
is
the
part
where
most
people
will
learn
something
very
valuable.
Clean
as
it
is,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
Oprah
show
is
not
for
everyone.
The
show's
main
target
audience
are
middle
-
class
Americans.
Most
of
these
people
have
the
time,
money,
and
stability
to
deal
with
life's
tougher
problems.
Jerry
Springer,
on
the
other
hand,
has
more
of
an
association
with
the
young
adults
of
society.
These
are
18
-
to
21
-
year
-
olds
whose
main
troubles
in
life
involve
love,
relationship,
sex,
money
and
peers.
They
are
the
ones
who
see
some
value
and
lessons
to
be
learned
underneath
the
show's
exploitation.
While
the
two
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hows
are
as
different
as
night
and
day.
Both
have
ruled
the
talk
show
circuit
for
many
years
now.
Each
one
caters
to
a
different
audience
while
both
have
a
strong
following
from
large
groups
of
fans.
Ironically,
both
could
also
be
considered
pioneers
in
the
talk
show
world.
12.
Compared
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
with
other
TV
talk
shows,
both
the
Jerry
Springer
and
the
Oprah
Winfrey
are______.
A)
more
family
-
oriented
B)
unusually
popular
C)
more
profound
D)
relatively
formal
13.
Though
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
social
problems
Jerry
Springer
talks
about
appear
distasteful,
the
audience______.
A)
remain
fasc
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)inated
by
them
B)
are
ready
to
face
up
to
them
C)
remain
indifferent
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
to
them
D)
are
willing
to
get
involved
in
them
14.
Which
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
following
is
likely
to
be
a
topic
of
the
Oprah
Winfrey
show?
A)
A
new
type
of
robot.
B)
Racist
hatred.
C)
Family
budget
planning.
D)
Street
violence.
【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
15.
Despite
their
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
different
approaches,
the
two
talk
shows
are
both________.
A)
ironical
B)
sensitive
C)
instructive
D)
cynical
16.
We
can
learn
from
the
passage
that
the
two
talk
shows_______.
A)
have
monopoli
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)zed
the
talk
show
circuit
B)
exploit
the
weaknesses
in
human
nature
C)
appear
at
diffe
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rent
times
of
the
day
D)
are
targeted
at
different
audiences
KEYS:
BACCD
阅读理解专题+语言综合运用
This
four-legged
robot
can
teach
itself
to
walk;
even
changing
how
it
walks
after
it
has
suffered
damage.
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
（共
2
页）
HYPERLINK
"http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
"
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
1、事实细节题
所谓细节题，是指原文提到了
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案。常用who,
what,
when,
where,
why和how等提问或用与此相类似的词填空。说明文和叙述文的思考题有相当于部分是此类题）及语义转化题（需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论。）抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。这类题型的题干常为：www-2-1-cnjy-com
1)
When/Where
did
the
story
happen?
2)
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
(not)
correct?【版权所有：21教育】
3)
Which
of
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)following
statements
is
(not)
mentioned
in
the
passage?
4)
Which
is
the
right
order
of
the
events
given
in
the
passage?
5)
All
the
statements
are
true
except.
该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。所以，搜查信息在阅读中非常重要，它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。弄清细节、准确获取信息，也是把握文章中心思想的前提。
例1：If
you
are
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)a
fruit
grower—or
would
like
to
become
one—take
advantage
of
Apple
Day
to
see
what’s
around.It’s
called
Apple
Day
but
in
practice
it’s
more
like
Apple
Month.The
day
itself
is
on
October
21,
but
since
it
has
caught
on,
events
now
spread
out
over
most
of
October
around
Britain.
Visiting
an
apple
eve
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nt
is
a
good
chance
to
see,
and
often
taste,
a
wide
variety
of
apples.To
people
who
are
used
to
the
limited
choice
of
apples
such
as
Golden
Delicious
and
Royal
Gala
in
supermarkets,
it
can
be
quite
an
eye
opener
to
see
the
range
of
classical
apples
still
in
existence,
such
as
Decio
which
was
grown
by
the
Romans.Although
it
doesn’t
taste
of
anything
special,
it’s
still
worth
a
try,
as
is
the
knobbly(多疙瘩的)
Cat’s
Head
which
is
more
of
a
curiosity
than
anything
else.
There
are
also
v
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)arieties
developed
to
suit
specific
local
conditions.One
of
the
very
best
varieties
for
eating
quality
is
Orleans
Reinette,
but
you’ll
need
a
warm,
sheltered
place
with
perfect
soil
to
grow
it,
so
it’s
“a
pipe
dream”
for
most
apple
lovers
who
fall
for
it.
At
the
events,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
you
can
meet
expert
growers
and
discuss
which
ones
will
best
suit
your
conditions,
and
because
these
are
family
affairs,
children
are
well
catered
for
with
apple－themed
fun
and
games.
Apple
Days
are
bein
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)g
held
at
all
sorts
of
places
with
an
interest
in
fruit，including
stately
gardens
and
commercial
orchards．If
you
want
to
have
a
real
orchard
experience,
try
visiting
the
National
Fruit
Collection
at
Brogdale，near
Faversham
in
Kent.
1．What
can
people
do
at
the
apple
events?
A．Attend
experts’
lectures.
B．Visit
fruit－loving
families.
C．Plant
fruit
trees
in
an
orchard.
D．Taste
many
kinds
of
apples.
2．What
can
we
learn
about
Decio?
A．It
is
a
new
variety.
B．It
has
a
strange
look.
C．It
is
rarely
seen
now.
D．It
has
a
special
taste.
2、词义猜测题
推测词义是指在阅读时要通过上下文交代的内容
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)做出合乎逻辑的猜测。在必要时，做些语法分析，通过词与词的关系，确定其词性；有时根据常识和生活经验或构词法知识，完全可以对那些从未见过的生词的词义做出正确的推测。一般说来，这种题型的题干部分总含有mean，refer
to的字样。做这种题时，特别要注意的是，对于那些我们熟悉的词千万不要妄自、草率下结论，一定要结合上下文判断它在文中的意思。常见的考查这种技能的题型的设问方式有：
1．The
phrase
“...”in
the
sentence
could
be
replaced
by________．
2．The
word
“...”
in
the
paragraph
refers
to
________．
3．What
is
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
meaning
of
the
underlined
word
in
the
paragraph？/What
does
the
underlined
word
mean?
4．Which
of
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
following
is
the
closest
in
meaning
to
the
phrase“...”？
5．The
word
“...”most
nearly
means________．
阅读理解中词义猜测题主要考查生词词义判断、代词指代判断、熟词新义判断和普通词汇特殊意义判断。
例1：You
are
given
many
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
opportunities
in
life
to
choose
to
be
a
victim
or
creator.When
you
choose
to
be
a
victim，the
world
is
a
cold
and
difficult
place.“They”
did
things
to
you
which
caused
all
of
your
pain
and
suffering.“They”are
wrong
and
bad，and
life
is
terrible
as
long
as
“they”are
around.Or
you
may
blame
yourself
for
all
your
problems，thus
internalizing(内化)your
victimization.The
truth
is，your
life
is
likely
to
stay
that
way
as
long
as
you
feel
a
need
to
blame
yourself
or
others.
What
does
the
word
“they”
in
Paragraph
1
probably
refer
to?
A．People
and
things
around
you.
B．Opportunities
and
problems.
C．Creators
and
their
choices.
D．Victims
and
their
sufferings.
例2：On
Transp
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ortation
Days，we
might
stop
for
lunch
on
Chestnut
Street
or
buy
a
new
book
or
toy，but
the
transportation
was
the
point.First，it
was
exciting
enough
to
watch
the
world
speed
by
from
the
train
window.
As
I
got
older，my
mom
helped
me
unlock
the
mysteries
that
would
otherwise
have
paralyzed
my
first
attempts
to
do
it
myself：How
do
I
know
where
to
get
off？How
do
I
know
how
much
it
costs？How
do
I
know
when
I
need
tickets，and
where
to
get
them？What
track，what
line，which
direction，where’s
the
stop，and
will
I
get
wet
when
we
go
under
the
river?
The
underlined
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
word
“paralyzed”
(in
Para.5)is
closest
in
meaning
to
“________”．
A．displayed　　　　　B．justified
C．ignored
D．ruined
3、推理判断题
1.
推理题常见的提问形式。
常以infer，imply，suggest，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)conclude，learn，intend，mean，describe，purpose等词提问。或提问中含有表示推测的情态动词，如can，could，might，would等和其他表示可能性的动词，如probably，most
likely等。
2.
推理题的解题思路。
如何做好推理判断题？做题时一定要从整体上把握
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。首先，要求考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。其次，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。
再次，在解答推理性问题时，应清楚所要解答的问题是针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题
思想
、作者的意图进行推断。
3.
推理题的解题方法
1）.
利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断
几乎每篇文章的语境
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)都有一定褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能在把握主旨文意的基础上对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。认真阅读原文并找出反映语境褒贬性及变化的标志性
词汇
或句子，对我们掌握文章主旨文意，了解主人公的心理特点及发展变化，从而正确地进行逻辑推断很有好处。
2）.
根据文章的结论推断作者的态度
作者态度、倾向是指作者对陈
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不定，对记叙或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。作者的这种
思想
倾向和感彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感彩的形容词。
3).
根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。
逻辑结论是指严格根据文章
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。做这类题时，应把握作者的写作思路，预测下文可能发展的内容。文章可按事件发展的经过描写，也可按因果关系,
对比关系来描写。
4).
结合已有的知识进行推断。
知识推断是根据文章中所阐述的细节，运
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)用自己
掌握的基础知识进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方法。知识推断题一般都是针对细节。解答此类题，不仅需要我们有一定的社会基础知识，而且还需要对细节以及有关背景知识有一个充分的理解。
例1：
Decision-th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)inking
is
not
unlike
poker---
it
often
matters
not
only
what
you
think
,
but
also
what
others
think
you
think
and
what
you
think
they
think
you
think
.
The
mental
process
is
similar
.
Naturally
,
this
card
game
has
often
been
of
considerable
interest
to
people
who
are
,
by
any
standards
,
good
thinkers
.
The
great
mathemati
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)cian
John
Von
Neumann
was
one
of
the
founders
of
game
theory
.
In
particular
,
he
showed
that
all
games
fall
into
two
classes
;
there
are
what
he
called
games
of
‘perfect
information’,
games
like
chess
where
the
players
can't
hide
anything
or
play
tricks
;
they
don't
win
by
chance
,
but
by
means
of
logic
and
skills
.
Then
there
are
games
of
‘imperfect
information’,
like
poker,
in
which
it
is
impossible
to
know
in
advance
that
one
course
of
action
is
better
than
another.
One
mistaken
idea
abo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ut
business
is
that
it
can
be
treated
as
a
game
of
perfect
information.
Quite
the
reverse,
business,
politics,
life
itself
are
games
which
we
must
normally
play
with
very
imperfect
information.
Business
decisions
are
often
made
with
many
unknown
and
unknowable
factors,
which
would
ever
puzzle
best
poker
players
.
But
few
business
people
find
it
comfortable
to
admit
that
they
are
taking
a
chance
,
and
many
still
prefer
to
believe
that
they
are
playing
chess
,
not
poker.
An
important
factor
in
a
game
of
imperfect
information
is
_______.
A.
rules
B.
luck
C.
time
D.
ideas
例2：When
she
look
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ed
ahead.
Florence
Chadwick
saw
nothing
but
a
solid
wall
of
fog.
Her
body
was
numb.
She
had
been
swimming
for
nearly
sixteen
hours.
Already
she
was
the
first
woman
to
swim
the
English
Channel
in
both
directions.
Now
at
the
age
of
34,
her
goal
was
to
become
the
first
woman
to
swim
from
Catalina
to
the
California
coast.
On
that
fourth
o
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)f
July
morning
1952,
the
sea
was
like
an
ice
bath
and
the
fog
was
so
dense.
She
could
hardly
see
her
support
boats.
Sharks
cruised
toward
her
figure,
only
to
be
driven
away
by
rifle
shots.
Against
the
frigid
grip
of
the
sea,
she
struggled
on,
hour
after
hour,
while
millions
watched
on
national
television.
Alongside
Florence
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
in
one
of
the
boats,
her
mother
and
here
trainer
offered
encouragement.
They
told
her
it
wasn’t
much
farther.
But
all
she
could
see
was
fog.
They
urged
her
not
to
quit.
She
never
had…
until
then.
With
only
a
half
mile
to
go,
she
asked
to
be
pulled
out.
What
does
“she
never
had…”in
the
third
paragraph
mean?
A.
She
had
never
be
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)en
so
desperate.
B.
She
had
never
thought
of
giving
it
up.
C.
She
had
never
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)seen
such
thick
fog.
D.
She
had
never
swum
across
the
strait
before.
例3：
We
are
in
the
co
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)mputer
age．We
often
see
computers
at
work．They
are
especially
useful
in
automatic
control，data
processing（数据处理）and
solving
complicated
problems．And
they
are
finding
their
way
into
the
home．The
part
played
by
computers
is
becoming
even
more
important
with
each
passing
day．
21·世纪
教育网
More
and
c
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)leverer
computers
will
continue
to
appear．They
will
run
faster，have
more
functions
and
work
much
more
skillfully．They
will
take
over
more
tasks
from
us，helping
to
change
the
face
of
our
world．Some
people
even
think
that
sooner
or
later
computers
will
replace
us．
However．．．
Which
of
the
following
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
statements
will
best
continue
the
third
paragraph？
A．
Computers
will
soon
stop
developing．
B．
Many
people
like
computers
very
much．
C．
Computers
are
as
clever
as
man．
D．
I
do
not
think
computers
will
replace
us
completely．
4、主旨大意题
1.
主旨大意题干表现形式
1）．
中心思想类
The
main
idea
of
the
passage
is…
The
passage
is
mainly
about…
The
passage
mainly
discusses…
Which
of
the
fo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)llowing
statements
best
expresses
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
2）．标题类
Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title
of
the
passage?2-1-c-n-j-y
The
best
title
for
the
passage
would
be
…
3）.目的类
The
author’s
main
purpose
in
writing
the
passage
is
to
…
The
passage
is
meant
to
….
2.
如何找准主题句
主题句的特点:
包含文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题。
某些文章中反复出现的中心词(即高频词)
关注重要标志词：but,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)yet,
however,
not
only…but
also,
for
example
，such
as,
so,
therefore,
actually
,in
short,
show/find/
suggest/argue
等词后往往预示着新发现或真理
3.干扰项(即错误选项)特点
1）以偏概全。选项只是局部信息,
或是一句没有展开论述的话；
2）过于笼统。即选项归纳的主题过于宽泛,
与细节脱节或是没有对细节加以充分论述；
3）无中生有。选项的观点强加于作者,
选项的观点往往是读者根据自己的常识对文章进行判断而忽视作者的见解；【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
4）相反信息。与文章的主题完全相反
5）无关信息。既在文章中没有提到或找不到语言依据的信息.
例1：Viewing
ch
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ildhood
development
as
a
scientific
investigation
throws
light
on
how
children
learn,
but
it
also
offers
an
inspiring
look
at
science
and
scientists.
Why
do
young
children
and
scientists
seem
to
be
so
much
alike?
Psychologists
have
suggested
that
science
as
an
effort
—
the
desire
to
explore,
explain,
and
understand
our
world
—
is
simply
something
that
comes
from
our
babyhood.
Perhaps
evolution
provided
human
babies
with
curiosity
and
a
natural
drive
to
explain
their
worlds,
and
adult
scientists
simply
make
use
of
the
same
drive
that
served
them
as
children.
The
same
cognitive
(认知的)
systems
that
make
young
children
feel
good
about
figuring
something
out
may
have
been
adopted
by
adult
scientists.
As
some
psychologists
put
it，“It
is
not
that
children
are
little
scientists
but
that
scientists
are
big
children.”
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
last
paragraph?
A．The
world
may
be
more
clearly
explained
through
children’s
play.
B．Studying
ba
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)bies’
play
may
lead
to
a
better
understanding
of
science.
C．Children
ma
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
have
greater
ability
to
figure
out
things
than
scientists.
D．One’s
drive
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
for
scientific
research
may
become
stronger
as
he
grows.
例2：Reading
can
be
a
so
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)cial
activity.Think
of
the
people
who
belong
to
book
groups.They
choose
books
to
read
and
then
meet
to
discuss
them.Now,
the
website

turns
the
page
on
the
traditional
idea
of
a
book
group.
Members
go
on
the
si
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)te
and
register
the
books
they
own
and
would
like
to
share.BookCrossing
provides
an
identification
number
to
stick
inside
the
book.Then
the
person
leaves
it
in
a
public
place,
hoping
that
the
book
will
have
an
adventure,
traveling
far
and
wide
with
each
new
reader
who
finds
it．
Bruce
Peterson,
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)managing
director
of
Book
Crossing,
says,
“The
two
things
that
change
your
life
are
the
people
you
meet
and
books
you
read.Book
Crossing
combines
both.”
Members
leave
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
books
on
park
benches
and
buses,
in
train
stations
and
coffee
shops.Whoever
finds
their
book
will
go
to
the
site
and
record
where
they
found
it.
People
who
find
a
boo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)k
can
also
leave
a
journal
entry
describing
what
they
thought
of
it.E－mails
are
then
sent
to
the
Book
Crossing
to
keep
them
updated
about
where
their
books
have
been
found.Bruce
Peterson
says
the
idea
is
for
people
not
to
be
selfish
by
keeping
a
book
to
gather
dust
on
a
shelf
at
home.
Book
Crossing
is
par
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
of
a
trend
among
people
who
want
to
get
back
to
the
“real”
and
not
the
virtual．The
site
now
has
more
than
one
million
members
in
more
than
one
hundred
thirty－five
countries.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．Online
Reading:
A
Virtual
Tour
B．Electronic
Books:
A
new
Trend
C．A
Book
Group
Brings
Tradition
Back
D．A
Website
Links
People
through
Books
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
A
Ever
since
news
of
wid
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)espread
food
recalls
caused
by
a
carcinogenic
dye
broke,
there
has
been
confusion
over
possible
links
to
the
country
of
the
same
name,
but
Sudan
officials
say
there
is
no
connection
whatever.
Sudan
1
is
a
red
indu
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)strial
dye
that
has
been
found
in
some
chilli
powder,
but
was
banned
in
food
products
across
the
European
Union
(EU)
in
July
2003.
Since
the
ban
was
put
in
place,
EU
officials
have
been
striving
to
remove
some
food
products
from
the
shelves.
So
far
580
products
have
been
recalled.
Last
week
Sudan’s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
Embassy
in
the
United
Kingdom
asked
the
Food
Standards
Agency
(FSA)
for
clarification
of
the
origin
of
the
dye’s
name.
Omaima
Mahmoud
Al
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Sharief,
a
press
official
at
Sudan’s
Embassy
in
China,
explained
the
purpose
of
the
inquiry
was
to
clear
up
any
misunderstanding
over
links
between
the
country
and
the
poisonous
dye.
　　"We
want
to
keep
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)an
eye
on
every
detail
and
avoid
any
misunderstanding
there,"
she
said.
"Our
embassy
to
Britain
asked
them
how
the
dye
got
that
name
and
whether
the
dye
had
something
to
do
with
our
country.
But
they
told
us
there
was
no
relationship."
The
FSA,
an
independent
food
security
watchdog
in
Britain,
received
a
letter
from
the
Sudanese
embassy
last
week.
　"They
asked
us
why
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
dye
is
named
Sudan,
however,
we
also
do
not
know
how
it
got
the
name,"
she
said.
"People
found
the
dye
in
1883
and
gave
it
the
name.
Nobody
knows
the
reason,
and
we
cannot
give
any
explanation
before
we
find
out."
Sudan
dyes,
which
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)include
Sudan?1
to
4,
are
red
dyes（颜料）
used
for
colouring
solvents（溶剂）,
oils,
waxes,
petrol,
and
shoe
and
floor
polishes.
They
are
classified
as
carcinogens
by
the
International
Agency
for
Research
on
Cancer.
1.
What
does
the
underlined
word
mean
in
paragraph
one?
A.
Causing
canc
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)er.
B.
Having
side
effect.
C.
Containing
poison.
D.Poisonous.
2.
How
did
the
Sudan1
get
its
name?
A.
The
dye
is
often
produced
in
Sudan.
B.
The
dye
has
something
to
do
with
the
country
named
Sudan.
C.
Nobody
is
sure
of
the
origin
of
the
name.
D.
Many
foods
produced
in
Sudan
contain
the
dye.
3.
We
can
infer
from
the
passage
that____________.
A.
the
Sudan
government
is
paying
much
attention
to
the
food
safety
B.
Sudan?1
is
often
used
to
be
added
to
the
food
C.
people
didn’t
realize
the
danger
of
Sudan?1
until
2003
D.
many
food
shops
will
be
closed
down
4.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title?
A.
Keep
away
from
Sudan
1
B.
No
Sudan
1
dye
links
to
the
country
C.
How
Sudan
1
dye
got
its
name?
D.
Pay
attention
to
the
food
safety
B
(You
may
read
the
questions
first)
Su
Hua
is
stu
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)dying
at
Cambridge,
UK.
She
has
bought
a
bicycle
and
is
worried
about
security(安全）.Her
friend,
Kate,
found
this
article
and
sent
it
to
her.
Introduction
A
lot
of
crime
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)is
against
bicycles.
About
150,000
bicycles
are
stolen
every
year
and
most
are
never
found.You
can
prevent
this
happening
by
following
a
few
careful
steps.
Basic
Security
Do
not
leave
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)your
bicycle.
in
out-of-the-way
places.
Always
lock
your
bicycle
when
you
leave.
Secure
it
to
lampposts
or
trees.
Take
off
smaller
parts
and
take
them
with
you,
for
example
lights
and
saddles(车座）.
Locks
Get
a
good
lock.
Ther
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
are
many
different
types
in
the
shops.
Buy
one
that
has
been
tested
against
attack.
Ask
for
a
recommendation
from
a
bike
shop.
Marking
Security
marking
you
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r
bike
can
act
as
a
deterrent
to
a
thief.
It
can
also
help
the
police
find
your
bicycle.
It
should
be
clearly
written
and
include
your
postcode
and
your
house
or
flat
number.
This
will
provide
a
simple
way
to
identify
your
bicycle.
Registration
There
are
a
number
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)of
companies
who
will
security
mark
your
bicycle
for
you.
They
will
then
put
your
registration
number
and
personal
details
on
their
computer
database.
Then
if
your
bicycle
is
found
it
will
be
easy
to
contact
you.
Finally
Keep
a
record
of
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
bicycle
yourself:
its
make,
model
and
registration
number.
You
can
even
take
a
photograph
of
it.
This
will
prove
the
bicycle
belongs
to
you.
5.
Which
part
of
the
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ext
gives
you
information
on
how
to
lock
up
your
bicycle
when
you
leave
it?
A
.Locks.
B.
Marking.
?
C.
Registration.
D.Basic
Security.
6.The
underli
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ned
Phrase
“act
as
a
deterrent
to
a
thief”
means________.
A.
help
you
recogn
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ize
your
bike
B.
help
the
police
find
your
bicycle
C.
stop
someone
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)stealing
your
bicycle
D.
stop
you
worrying
about
your
bike
7.The
article
advises
you
to
keep
a
record
of
your
bicycle________.
A.
in
the
bike
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)shop
and
your
computer
B.
in
a
police
station
and
a
security
company
C.
in
a
secu
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rity
company
and
your
university
D.
by
yourself
and
in
a
security
company
8.The
main
purpose
of
this
article
is
________.
A.
to
tell
you
what
to
do
if
your
bicycle
is
stolen?
B.
to
suggest
ways
of
keeping
your
bicycle
safe
C.
to
give
you
advice
on
where
to
buy
a
good
lock
D.
to
say
why
you
shouldn’t
keep
your
bicycle
in
a
quiet
place
C
A
warm
drink
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)milk
before
bed
has
long
been
the
best
choice
for
those
wanting
a
good
night’s
sleep.But
now
a
study
has
found
it
really
does
help
people
nod
off—if
it
is
milked
from
a
cow
at
night.
Researchers
have
di
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)scovered
that“night
milk”
contains
more
melatonin(褪黑激素),
which
has
been
proven
to
help
people
feel
sleepy
and
reduce
anxiety.
The
study,
by
resea
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rchers
from
Seoul,
South
Korea,
involved
mice
being
fed
with
dried
milk
powder
made
from
cows
milked
both
during
the
day
and
at
night.
Those
given
night
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
milk,
which
contained
10
times
the
amount
of
melatonin,
were
less
active
and
less
anxious
than
those
fed
with
the
milk
collected
during
daytime,
according
to
the
study
published
in
The
Journal
of
Medicinal
Food.
Night
milk
qui
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ckened
the
start
of
sleep
and
caused
the
mice
to
sleep
longer.
While
the
effect
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)of
cows
milk
harvested
at
different
time
has
not
been
tested
on
humans
up
to
now,
taking
melatonin
drugs
has
been
suggested
to
those
who
are
struggling
to
fall
asleep
at
night.
Previous
studies
have
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
also
indicated
that
milk
can
be
excellent
for
helping
sleep
because
of
the
calcium
content,
which
helps
people
to
relax.
Milk
is
also
sugar－fr
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ee
and
additive－free
with
nutritionists
recommending
skimmed
milk
as
the
best
choice
before
bed
as
it
is
the
least
fattening.The
more
fat
you
take
in
before
bedtime,
the
greater
burden
you
will
put
on
your
body
at
night.
9．According
to
the
text,
the
mice
fed
with
daytime
milk________．
A．started
sleep
more
easily
B．were
more
anxious
C．were
less
active
D．woke
up
later
10．Which
of
the
following
is
true
of
melatonin
according
to
the
text?
A．It’s
been
tested
on
mice
for
ten
times.
B．It
can
make
people
more
energetic.
C．It
exists
in
milk
in
great
amount.
D．It’s
used
in
sleeping
drugs.
11．What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A．Night
Milk
and
Sleep
B．Fat
Sugar
and
Health
C．An
Experiment
on
Mice
D．Milk
Drinking
and
Health
12．How
does
the
author
support
the
theme
of
the
text?
A．By
giving
examples.
B．By
stating
arguments.
C．By
explaining
statistical
data.
D．By
providing
research
results.
D
Have
you
eve
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r
seen
harmful
robots
refuse
to
die,
no
matter
how
fiercely
people
fight
back?
As
is
known,
it
is
always
the
case
in
some
of
the
scariest
science
fiction.
Now,
science
fictio
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)n
has
changed
into
science
fact.
For
the
first
time,
researchers
have
created
a
robotic
machine
that
can
stand
a
beating
and
keep
on
walking.
Developed
by
scientists
from
Cornell
University
and
the
University
of
Vermont,
the
new
robot
looks
like
a
spider
with
four
legs.
Until
now,
eve
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)n
the
most
advanced
robot
was
almost
certain
to
break
down
when
damaged.
That’s
because
its
inside
computer
simply
doesn’t
know
how
to
operate
the
machine
after
its
shape
has
changed.
To
get
around
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)his
problem,
the
spidery
robot’s
developers
equipped
their
invention
with
eight
motors
and
two
sensors
that
read
how
the
machine
is
tilting(倾斜).
The
motors
and
sensors
all
provide
electrical
signals
to
the
machine’s
software.
Using
this
informatio
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)n,
the
system
follows
a
new
procedure
to
figure
out
the
machine’s
shape
at
any
given
moment.
The
program
chooses
from
among
100,000
possible
arrangements
of
parts.
From
there,
the
com
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)puter
considers
a
wide
variety
of
possible
next
steps,
and
it
calculates
how
best
to
move
the
robot
forward
the
longest
possible
distance,
before
trying
to
move
again.
“The
new
strategy
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
is
a
major
advance
in
robotics”,
Professor
Skehan,
a
scientist
in
Cornell
University
says,
“and
it’s
far
from
scary”.
The
technology
may
someday
help
researchers
create
better
artificial
arms
and
legs
that
give
new
freedom
to
people
who
lack
them.
The
new
knowledge
might
also
help
scientists
understand
how
people
and
animals
figure
out
their
own
sense
of
place
in
space.
2·1·c·n·j·y
“Designing
robots
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)at
can
adapt
to
changing
environments
and
can
compensate(补偿)
for
damage
has
been
a
difficult
problem,”
says
neuroscientist
Olaf
Sporns
of
Indiana
University
in
Bloomington.
“This
work
provides
a
new
way
toward
solving
this
important
problem.”
13.
What’s
the
most
important
characteristic
of
the
new
robot?
A.
Its
shape
is
like
a
spider
with
four
legs.
B.
It
can
repair
itself
and
move
again
after
damaged.
C.
It
is
operated
by
its
inside
computer.
D.
It
is
certain
to
change
the
direction
when
damaged.
14.
it
can
be
learnt
from
the
passage
that
________.
A.
animals
have
no
sense
of
place
in
space
B.
people
hav
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
difficulty
in
figuring
out
how
to
get
to
his
destination
C.
scientists
don’t
understand
people’s
ability
of
location
D.
scientists
want
to
know
where
people
and
animals
are
going【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
15.
We
can
infer
from
the
view
of
Professor
Skehan
that
________.
A.
the
new
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)echnology
will
help
people
have
a
better
sense
of
space
B.
the
new
technology
will
help
people
grow
new
arms
and
legs
C.
designing
r
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)obots
can
help
to
be
adaptable
to
the
changing
of
the
environment
D.
the
new
technology
will
have
some
medical
benefits
16.
The
purpose
of
the
author
to
write
this
article
is
to
________.
A.
introduce
a
new
robot
that
will
not
die
B.
discuss
science
fiction
and
new
invention
C.
recommend
the
latest
invention
D.
explain
the
relationship
between
robot
and
medicine21cnjy.com
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?/??)
(A)
Of
all
the
au
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)dience
for
live
entertainment,
the
studio
variety
is
widely
considered
to
be
the
lowest
of
low.
I
have
heard
it
said
that
even
people
who
work
in
television
treat
studio
audience
with
scorn--
or,
as
one
cameraman
put
it,
“like
cattle”.21
cnjy
com
I
had
assumed
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hat
studios
were
made
up
of
silly
people
desperate
for
two
seconds
of
fame.
But
there’s
no
such
thing
as
a
typical
studio
audience.
They
come
from
all
classes,
professions
and
income
groups.
Television
tries
to
attract
different
types
of
people
for
different
types
of
programs.
Those
of
us
who
pr
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)efer
to
watch
television
from
home
can’t
see
why
anyone
would
want
to
watch
television
from
a
studio.
Why
would
anyone
bother
to
apply
for
tickets,
travel
for
long
distances,
and
suffer
hours
of
boredom
in
the
uncomfortableness
of
a
studio
just
to
watch
what
they
can
see
at
home?
One
theory
is
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hat
people
hope
that
for
a
second
they
might
appear
on
television.
I
didn’t
believe
this
until
I
spoke
to
Angela.
Why
had
she
come?
“It
was
a
chance
to
appear
on
television.”
Another
theory
is
that
people
are
curious
to
take
a
look
behind
the
scenes.
But
the
most
common
explanation
I
heard
was
simply
a
case
of
“a
friend
gave
the
ticket.”
Few
of
us
have
sat
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)in
as
studio
audiences,
yet
we
think
we
can
imagine
what
it
is
like.
You
sit
there,
jammed
among
strangers,
while
someone
flashes
cards
with
APPLAUD
or
LAUGH
on
them---
and
you
clap
or
laugh
accordingly.
This
may
reflect
the
reality
of
some
television,
but
not
all
by
any
means.
As
one
studio
manager
puts
it,
“we
always
assume
a
show
will
be
good
enough
not
to
need
these
signs.”
But
is
there
any
real
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)difference
between
what
you
experience
in
a
studio
and
what
you
see
on
your
television
at
home?
For
Claire,
sitting
in
a
studio
is
“more
exciting”,
while
Charlotte
likes
the
feeling
of
involvement
with
the
live
television.
“Last
year
I
saw
my
favorite
actor.
When
you
see
him
on
television
at
home
you
miss
out
a
lot.”
1.
The
word
“scorn”
in
the
first
paragraph
refers
to
________.
A.
a
feeling
that
someone
does
not
deserve
respect
B.
a
feeling
that
someone
can
be
admired
C.
an
attitude
that
shows
sincerity
D.
an
attitude
that
displays
hatred
2.
What
are
typical
studio
audiences
like?
A.
They
are
silly.
B.
They
are
desperate
for
fame
C.
They
are
from
low-income
groups.
D.
They
are
selected
for
different
programs.
3.
Why
would
so
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)meone
flash
card
with
APPLAUD
or
LAUGH
on
studio
audiences?
A.
He
wants
them
to
think
that
the
program
is
good..
B.
He
wants
to
help
them
to
understand
the
show.
C.
He
wants
to
show
his
feeling
of
involvement
to
them.
D.
He
wants
TV
viewers
to
believe
that
the
program
is
excellent.
4.
Which
of
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
following
is
NOT
the
reason
for
people
to
become
studio
audiences?
A.
They
want
to
see
themselves
on
TV.
B.
They
expect
to
ma
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ke
friends
with
their
favorite
actors
and
actresses.
C.
They
desire
to
e
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)xperience
the
feeling
of
involvement
with
live
television.
D.
They
would
like
to
know
what
it
is
like
in
a
studio.
(B)
DONALD
SLOAN
Gates
Hall
University
of
Kansas
Lawrence,
KS
66045
913-243-1682
After
May
2009:
46
Clayton
Drive
St．Louis,
MO
63130
314-726-8840
Objective
To
work
with
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
client
(委托人)
population
in
a
social
service
position.
Education
B.A.,
University
of
Kansas,
Lawrence,
KS,
2009
Major:
Social
Services
Minor:
Applied
Psychology
Experience
Assistant
Activities
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Supervisor,
Fairview
Nursing
Home,
Lawrence,
KS,
November
2006-present．Help
organize
and
implement
recreational
activities
for
nursing
home
residents．Activities
include
crafts,
dances,
day
trips,
sing-alongs,
and
visiting
performers.
Hotline
Volunt
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eer．Teen
Crisis
Center,
Lawrence,
KS,
September
2006-
May
2007．Handled
crisis
calls
from
teenagers
in
the
community．Dealt
with
drug
use,
unwanted
pregnancies,
failing
grades,
and
the
breakdown
of
parent-teen
relationships.21世纪教育网版权所有
Nurse’s
Aide,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Danyers
General
Hospital,
St．Louis,
MO,
Summer
2006．Assisted
nurses
in
patient
care．Took
histories,
updated
charts,
and
helped
prepare
patients
for
surgery.
Activities
University
Concer
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
Board．Work
with
other
board
members
to
plan
and
implement
on-campus
concerts.21教育网
Senior
Gift
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Campaign．Help
manage
the
campaign
to
raise
funds
for
the
senior
class
gift
to
the
university.
Residence
Hall
Program
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ming
Board．Planned
social
events
for
Eggar
Residence
Hall.
Skills
Fluent
in
French．Wate
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r
safety
instructor．Skilled
at
working
with
people.
Interests
Skiing,
softball,
classical
music,
and
guitar．
5．This
passage
is
most
probably
______.
A．an
advertisement
for
enrolling
new
employees
B．a
school
report
at
the
end
of
an
academic
year21·cn·jy·com
C．a
self-introduction
meant
to
apply
for
a
job
D．a
part
of
a
recommendation
letter
from
a
universitywww.21-cn-jy.com
6．According
to
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
“Experience”
section,
we
can
infer
that
Donald
Sloan
can
be
_____.
A．a
wise
leader
B．a
skillful
performer
C．a
gifted
scientist
D．a
good
social
worker
7．From
the
passage
we
can
learn
that
Donald
Sloan
______.
A．is
good
at
si
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nging
and
dancing
B．is
about
to
graduate
from
a
university
C．has
an
interest
in
being
a
surgeon
D．specializes
in
psychology
(C)
Recently,
a
case
of
l
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ifeboat
ethics
(伦理)
occurred.
On
Aug.
4,
Graham
and
Sheryl
Anley,
while
boating
off
the
coast
of
South
Africa,
hit
a
rock.
As
the
boat
threatened
to
sink,
the
husband
got
off,
but
his
wife
was
trapped
in
the
boat.
Instead
of
freeing
his
wife
and
getting
her
to
shore,
Graham
grabbed
Rosie,
their
pet
dog.
With
Rosie
safe
and
sound,
Graham
returned
for
Sheryl.
All
are
doing
fine.
It’s
a
grea
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
story,
but
it
doesn’t
strike
me
as
especially
newsworthy.
News
is
supposed
to
be
about
something
fairly
unique,
and
recent
research
suggests
that,
in
the
right
circumstances,
lots
of
people
also
would
have
grabbed
their
Rosie
first.
We
have
stra
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nge
relationships
with
our
pets.
We
look
after
our
pets
with
great
love
and
better
health
care
than
billions
of
people
receive.
We
speak
to
pets
with
the
same
high-pitched
voices
that
we
use
for
babies.
As
an
extreme
example
of
our
feelings
about
pets,
the
Nazis
had
strict
laws
that
guaranteed
the
kind
treatment
of
the
pets
of
Jews
being
shipped
to
death
camps.
A
recent
paper
by
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
George
Regents
University
demonstrates
this
human
involvement
with
pets
to
an
astonishing
extent.
Participants
in
the
study
were
told
a
situation
in
which
a
bus
is
out
of
control,
bearing
down
on
a
dog
and
a
human.
Which
do
you
save?
With
responses
from
more
than
500
people,
the
answer
was
that
it
depended:
What
kind
of
human
and
what
kind
of
dog?
Everyone
would
save
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
a
brother,
grandparent
or
close
friend
rather
than
a
strange
dog.
But
when
people
considered
their
own
dog
VS
people
less
connected
with
them—a
distant
cousin
or
a
hometown
stranger—votes
in
favor
of
saving
the
dog
came
rolling
in.
And
an
astonishing
40%
of
respondents,
including
46%
of
women,
voted
to
save
their
dog
over
a
foreign
tourist.
What
does
a
fin
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ding
like
this
mean?
First,
that
your
odds
aren’t
so
good
if
you
find
yourself
in
another
country
with
a
bus
bearing
down
on
you
and
a
cute
dog.
But
it
also
points
to
something
deeper:
our
unprecedented
(史无前例的)
attitude
toward
animals,
which
got
its
start
with
the
birth
of
kind-hearted
societies
in
the
19th
century.
We
prison
people
who
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)buse
animals,
put
ourselves
in
harm’s
way
in
boats
between
whales
and
whalers
and
show
sympathy
to
Bambi
and
his
mother.
We
can
extend
sympathy
to
an
animal
and
feel
its
pain
like
no
other
species.
But
let’s
not
be
too
proud
of
ourselves.
As
this
study
and
too
much
of
our
history
show,
we’re
pretty
selective
about
how
we
extend
our
kindness
to
other
human
beings.
8.
What
is
the
function
of
the
first
paragraph?
A.
To
create
a
relaxing
mood
for
readers.
B.
To
present
the
theme
of
this
essay
straightly.
C.
To
lead
in
the
main
topic
of
this
essay.
D.
To
raise
problems
that
will
be
solved
later.
9.
The
author
ment
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ions
Nazi
laws
in
the
third
paragraph
_______________.
A.
to
show
how
cruel
the
Nazis
were
to
the
Jews
【出处：21教育名师】
B.
as
an
example
to
persuade
people
not
to
love
pets
C.
to
illustrate
the
strange
relationship
between
human
and
pets
D.
as
an
example
to
display
the
kindness
of
the
Nazis
10.
Which
of
the
following
is
true
according
to
the
article?
A.
The
story
of
the
An
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)leys
and
their
dog
was
too
unique
to
be
newsworthy.
B.
Most
people
surv
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eyed
choose
to
save
their
own
dog
rather
than
a
human.
C.
It
was
in
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
19th
century
that
human
beings
started
to
love
their
pets.
D.
Human
beings
are
more
and
more
concerned
with
animals
nowadays.
11.
What
does
the
author
mainly
argue
for?
A.
Pets
are
of
great
significance
to
us
human
beings.
B.
We
should
rethink
about
our
attitude
towards
animals
and
mankind.
C.
It
is
kind
of
human
beings
to
extend
kindness
to
animals.
D.
We
should
b
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
selective
when
showing
attitude
toward
other
human
beings.
D
In
the
world
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
of
entertainment,
TV
talk
shows
have
undoubtedly
flooded
every
inch
of
space
on
daytime
television.
And
anyone
who
watches
them
regularly
knows
that
each
one
varies
in
style
and
format.
But
no
two
shows
are
more
profoundly
opposite
in
content,
while
at
the
same
time
standing
out
above
the
rest,
than
the
Jerry
Springer
and
the
Oprah
Winfrey
shows.
Jerry
Springer
could
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
easily
be
considered
the
king
of
"trash
talk(废话)".
The
topics
on
his
show
are
as
shocking
as
shocking
can
be.
For
example,
the
show
takes
the
ever
-
common
talk
show
themes
of
love,
sex,
cheating,
guilt,
hate,
conflict
and
morality
to
a
different
level.
Clearly,
the
Jerry
Springer
show
is
a
display
and
exploitation
of
society's
moral
catastrophes,
yet
people
are
willing
to
eat
up
the
intriguing
predicaments
of
other
people's
lives.
Like
Jerry
Springer
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?),
Oprah
Winfrey
takes
TV
talk
show
to
its
extreme,
but
Oprah
goes
in
the
opposite
direction.
The
show
focuses
on
the
improvement
of
society
and
an
individual's
quality
of
life.
Topics
range
from
teaching
your
children
responsibility,
managing
your
work
weekly,
to
getting
to
know
your
pared
to
Opra
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)h,
the
Jerry
Springer
show
looks
like
poisonous
waste
being
dumped
on
society.
Jerry
ends
every
show
with
a
"final
word".
He
makes
a
small
speech
that
sums
up
the
entire
moral
of
the
show.
Hopefully,
this
is
the
part
where
most
people
will
learn
something
very
valuable.
21教育名师原创作品
Clean
as
it
i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s,
the
Oprah
show
is
not
for
everyone.
The
show's
main
target
audience
are
middle
-
class
Americans.
Most
of
these
people
have
the
time,
money,
and
stability
to
deal
with
life's
tougher
problems.
Jerry
Springer,
on
the
other
hand,
has
more
of
an
association
with
the
young
adults
of
society.
These
are
18
-
to
21
-
year
-
olds
whose
main
troubles
in
life
involve
love,
relationship,
sex,
money
and
peers.
They
are
the
ones
who
see
some
value
and
lessons
to
be
learned
underneath
the
show's
exploitation.21
cnjy
com
While
the
two
shows
ar
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
as
different
as
night
and
day.
Both
have
ruled
the
talk
show
circuit
for
many
years
now.
Each
one
caters
to
a
different
audience
while
both
have
a
strong
following
from
large
groups
of
fans.
Ironically,
both
could
also
be
considered
pioneers
in
the
talk
show
world.
12.
Compared
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)with
other
TV
talk
shows,
both
the
Jerry
Springer
and
the
Oprah
Winfrey
are______.
A)
more
family
-
oriented
B)
unusually
popular
C)
more
profound
D)
relatively
formal
13.
Though
the
soci
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)al
problems
Jerry
Springer
talks
about
appear
distasteful,
the
audience______.
A)
remain
fasc
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)inated
by
them
B)
are
ready
to
face
up
to
them
C)
remain
ind
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ifferent
to
them
D)
are
willing
to
get
involved
in
them
14.
Which
of
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
following
is
likely
to
be
a
topic
of
the
Oprah
Winfrey
show?
A)
A
new
type
of
robot.
B)
Racist
hatred.
C)
Family
budget
planning.
D)
Street
violence.
15.
Despite
thei
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r
different
approaches,
the
two
talk
shows
are
both________.
A)
ironical
B)
sensitive
C)
instructive
D)
cynical
16.
We
can
learn
from
the
passage
that
the
two
talk
shows_______.
A)
have
monopolized
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
talk
show
circuit
B)
exploit
the
weaknesses
in
human
nature
C)
appear
at
dif
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ferent
times
of
the
day
D)
are
targeted
at
different
audiences
阅读理解专题+语言综合运用
This
four-legged
robot
can
teach
itself
to
walk;
even
changing
how
it
walks
after
it
has
suffered
damage.
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