中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 牛津深圳(广州)版八年级下册 Unit1 Helping those in need词汇知识点详解 熟悉读音与词性: raise ?????? v 筹募,增加;提高 joy ?????? n 愉快;喜悦 permission ????????? n 准许;批准 peace ?????? n 平静;宁静 disabled ??????????? adj 丧失能力的;有残疾的 hurt ?????? v (使)疼痛;受伤 teenager ??????????????? n 青少年 courage ????????? n 勇气;勇敢 offer ????????? v 主动提出 spirits ?????????? n 情绪;心境 suffer ?????????? v (因疾病等)受苦;受折磨 pay ????? v 付费 serious ?????????? adj 严重的 community ????????????? n 社区 illness ???????? n (某种)病 in need 需要帮助的 organize ??????????? v 组织;筹备 voluntary work 义务性的工作 express ?????????? v 表达;表露 ask permission 报请批准 pain ?????? n 痛苦;苦恼 suffer from 因......受苦;受折磨 lonely ????????? adj 孤独的;寂寞的 raise one's spirits 使振奋;使鼓起勇气 friendship ??????????? n 友情;友谊 in order to 为了 二、重点词用法详解: 【1】raise 动词,意为“筹募;增加;提高”。 【拓展】 (1)raise money 筹募资金 I think we should raise some money for them. 我认为我们应为他们筹集一些钱。 (2)raise one’s spirits使振奋 We should raise their spirits.我们应该使他们振奋。 【辨析】raise与rise 两者均可意为“提高;上升”,区别在于: (1)raise 通常是及物动词,后接宾语。 He raises his voice. 他提高了他的嗓音。 (2)rise 通常是不及物动词,后不接宾语。 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 ( )Please raise your hand if you know the answer. (选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项) A. put down B. put on C. put up 【2】disabled 形容词,意为“丧失能力的;有残疾的” 【拓展】 (1)disable v. 使……失去能力 He was disabled in the accident. 他在那次事故中成了残疾。 (2)able adj. 有能力的 We were able to do this. 我们有能力做到这个。 【应用】 He is old enough to be_______(disabled)to take care of himself. 【3】offer (1) 动词,意为“主动提出;提供”; 名词,意为“提议;提供物”。 He offered his seat to the old on the bus. 他在公共汽车上给老人让座。 I ought to reconsider her offer to move in. 我应该重新考虑她搬进来的提议。 【拓展】offer to do表示愿意去做 Peter offered to teach them water-skiing. 彼得表示愿意教他们滑水。 【应用】 He offered ________(help)the disabled. 【4】suffer 动词,意为“(因疾病等)受苦;受折磨” 【拓展】suffer from 受……折磨 【应用】 ( )People are suffering_______ the flood. A. from B. To C. for 【5】serious 形容词,意为“严重的;认真的;严肃的” 【拓展】seriously adv. 严重地;严肃地 It would seriously damage my business. 它会严重地损害我的生意。 They spoke to me very seriously but politely. 他们非常严肃但又很有礼貌地与我谈话。 【应用】 The boy is_________(serious)ill. 【6】organize 动词,意为“组织;筹备”。 【拓展】 (1)organize 的近义词为 hold We will organize/hold a party for her birthday. 我们将为她的生日举行一个派对。 (2)organization n. 组织 Most of the food for the homeless is provided by voluntary organizations. 给无家可归者的大部分食物是由志愿组织提供的。 (3)organized adj. 有组织的;安排有序的 Do you have any connections to organized crime? 你参与了任何有组织的犯罪吗? (4)organizer n. 组织者;承办单位 A good organizer pays attention to detail. 一个好的组织者考虑问题无微不至。 【应用】 (1)( )They organized a concert for the Christmas. (选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项) A. joined B. took part in C. held (2)China joined the World Trade ____________ (organize)some years ago. (3)Sam is a member of an____________________ ( organize)which protects rivers and lakes in China. 【7】lonely 形容词,意为“孤独的;寂寞的;偏僻的”。 【辨析】 (1)lonely意为“孤独的”, 表示心里的感觉,可以放在名词前修饰名词。 He feels lonely. 他感到孤独。 He is a lonely man. 他是个孤独的人。 (2)alone意为“孤单的;一个人;独自地”, 同义词组为 “by oneself”, “on one’s own”。通常作表语或状语,不能放在名词前。 He is alone. 他一个人。 He lives alone. 他一个人住。 【应用】 ( )(1)He lives by himself, but he is not______ . A. lonely B. alone C. lone ( )(2)He lives in a(n)______ island. A. lonely B. alone C. Lone ( )(3)He lives alone. (选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项) A. lonely B. lone C. on his own 【8】difficulty 名词,意为“困难”。 【拓展】 (1)difficult adj. 困难的 It’s not difficult to see what’s behind it. 不难明白 其中的奥妙。 (2)have difficulty(in)... 在(某方面)有困难 Maybe you have difficulty in finding it. 也许你去找时会有困难。 【应用】 (1)It is too ________(difficulty)for him to do it. (2)They have difficulty in ________ (read). 【9】joy 名词,意为“快乐;喜悦”。 【拓展】 (1)joyful adj. 快乐的 The party is a joyful one. 那次聚会是一次欢乐的聚会。 (2)joy的同义词有happiness, pleasure, fun。 She cried with joy/happiness. 她高兴得哭了。 【应用】 (1)It is________(joy)to have a picnic. (2)( ) His joy showed itself in his eyes. (选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项) A. happy B. funny C. pleasure 【10】voluntary 形容词,意为义务的,志愿的 【拓展】 (1)voluntarily 自愿地 (2) volunteer 自愿者,志愿参加者 自愿,自告奋勇 (3)voluntary work/service/organization/society/worker/assistant/activity 工作 服务 组织 社团 人员 助手 活动 (4)volunteer to do 【应用】 1)When he retired he did a lot of ________ (volunteer)work for the Red Cross.(volunteer) 2)She was not fired,she left ________(volunteer). 她不是被解雇的,她是自愿离职的 3)The company ________(volunteer) to donate fifty trucks to help the war effort. 公司主动捐献50辆卡车支援战事。 【11】pay 动词,意为“付款;偿还”。 【拓展】 pay n. 工资;薪水;报答 They complained about their pay and conditions. 他们抱怨他们的薪水和工作条件。 搭配:pay off 偿清(债务);支付(债务)的全部数额 pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 去参观,拜访 pay for 为……付款 【辨析】spend, take, cost和pay的用法区别: ▲spend time with sb ▲sb spend time/money on sth in doing sth ▲sb pay money for sth ▲sb buy sth for money/at the price of money ▲sth cost sb money ▲It takes sb time to do sth Exx: (1)(厦门中考)--Do you often get online? --Yes,I ________lots of time on it. It’s a good way to kill time. A. cost B. spend C. take (2)(沈阳中考)I paid ?25 ________ the beef and I only got a little. A. for B. on C. in D. to (3)(南京中考)-What a beautiful sweater!How much did you ________for it? -198 yuan. A. take B. cost C. pay D. spend (4)(青岛中考)What shall I _________ my grandpa ____ his birthday? A. get;of B. buy;for C. find;for D. give;of (5)(黑龙江中考)How much does the train ticket ________ from Harbin to Beijing? A. cost B. spend C. pay (6)(陕西中考)I bought some CDs for my friend and they________ me $30. A. spent B. paid C. cost D. used (7)(福州中考)-It ________ the Chinese people eight years to build the Three Gorges Dam. -How great! A. spends B. costs C. paid D. took 21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页) HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) " 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 牛津深圳(广州)版八年级下册 Unit1 Helping those in need词汇专项练习(含答案) 一、根据句意和所给的首字母填空。 1. If you take part in some activities, you won’t feel l______ . 2. I hope there is no war in the world. We should live in p______ . 3. Some people in the poor village are still s______ from hunger. 4. I made a s______ mistake. My parents were very angry with me. 5. Every year, many singers attend the live show to r______ money for the children’s schooling. 6. She is a lovely girl a______ five. 7. — Which a______ are you going to take part in? — Tree planting. 8. How much should I p______ for this dress? 9. If you w______ to be a singer, you should practise singing every day. 10. Mr Li, you have an important meeting to a_____ at 2:30 this afternoon. 二.从方框中选择恰当的单词补全对话。 A.decide B.voluntary C.permission D.raise E.organize F.suffer A:Hello,Jimmy!Where did you go yesterday? B:I went to a children’s hospital to do some 31 work for the children. A: How are the children there? B:The children there 32 from serious illness. A:Oh,I'm sorry to hear that!What did you do for them? B:We 33 a painting competition for them. A:What should we do next? B:I 34 to visit and help them every Sunday. A:Great!It’s very kind of you!1 will go with you and l want to 35 some money for them. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 三、按要求写出下列单词的相应形式。 1. ill (名词) ____________________ 2. hurt (过去式) ____________________ 3. peaceful (名词) ____________________ 4. difficult (名词) ____________________ 5. expression (动词) ____________________ 6. offer (第三人称单数形式)________ 7. organize (一般过去时)________ 8. spirit (复数) _________ 9. organize (名词)_________ 10. voluntary (名词)_________ 四、用所给词适当形式填空。 1.A person who always (offer)to help others is very kind. 2.1 would like you to keep (friend)with your good friends. 3.Don’t leave me alone,I will feel (alone). 4.The old man has got a serious illness,he is very (pain)now. 5.Finishing the task is not easy,we have (difficult) starting the project. 6.He was made (express)his love to the young beautiful girl. 7.When we have interview(面试),we need (courage)to pass. 8.He doesn’t know how (raise)his spirits after staying up for one night. 9.If you want to take several days off,you should ask (permit). 10.Miss Green enjoys (play)the piano in her room every afternoon. 11. People should h (?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)elp the _________ (disable) because they are very poor. 12. Most ________ (teenager) are learning not to depend on their parents too much. 13. Mary is _________ (organization) a party for the New Year. 14. You can do some voluntary work in these_________ (community). 15. He decided ________ (study) abroad and will set off next month. 五、完成句子。 1 请给需要帮助的人提供食物。 Please offer your food to those ________ ________. 2 吃巧克力让你精神振奋。 Eating chocolate can ________ _______ _______. 3 你带朋友回家要先获得许可。 You should ____ ___________ to bring your friends home. 4 他主动提出组织一场足球赛。 He __________ _____ __________ a football match. 5 她学英语有困难。 She _____ ___________ __________ English. 六、选择题。 ( )1. — Peter, I’ve heard that you came back from Africa last week. How is the water problem there now? —Still serious. Many people there have no safe and clean water to drink. A. fantastic B. good and comfortable C. bad and dangerous ( )2. — How is the poor old man in your neigh?borhood, Nancy? —Bad news. He died of a common illness last month. A. habit B. disease C. hunger ( )3. — The man is not able to speak at all. How does he express his feelings? —By writing words on the paper. A. show B. spell C. keep ( )4. — Look, we can see great joy on Ann’s face. —She just had a lovely baby girl, so she feels really pleased now. A. sadness B. happiness C. worry ( )5. — Why did the students in your school raise money, Lucy? —Because a schoolmate is ill and he needs much money. A. mention B. spend C. collect ( )6. — Mr Brown is really a brave man. —Yes. Although he suffers from a sharp pain in his leg, he still lives happily every day. A. understands B. chooses C. experiences ( )7. — Raise your spirits, Tim! You still have a chance to win the game. —OK, Mr Chen. A. Hurry up B. Cheer up C. Stand up ( )8. — Why do you get up so early these days? —I do it in order to catch the early bus. A. such as to B. so that C. so as to ( )9. — Did you do something to help the _____________ child? —Yes, I bought him a special chair and it can help him walk around. A. wise B. disabled C. bored ( )10. — Sue showed great _____________ throughout her illness. —Yes, she did. She is a great woman. A. pain B. courage C. permission ( )11. — Why didn’t Tom come to school today? —Because he _____________ his aims when he was playing basketball yesterday. A. improved B. hurt C. washed ( )12. — What do you think of your new neighbor? —He is a helpful man. He often _____________ to do voluntary work in our community. A. follows B. agrees C. offers ( )13. — The woman is really poor because her only child lives far away from her. —Actually not. She never feels _____________ because her daughter often visits her. A. perfect B. happy C. lonely ( )14. — Why are you so busy, Jim? —Because I often try to help people _____________ in my free time. A. in addition B. in need C. at the same time ( )15. — Miss Li, we want you to _____________ the New Year’s party. —I am afraid I can’t do it because I don’t have such experience. A. check B. produce C. organize 参考答案: 一、根据句意和所给的首字母填空。 1. lonely 2. peace 3. suffering 4. serious 5. raise 6. aged 7. activity 8. pay 9. wish/want 10. attend 二.从方框中选择恰当的单词补全对话。 1.B 【解析】 voluntary work意为“义务活动”。 2.F 【解析】suffer from意为“得了……;患了……(病)”。 3.E 【解析】organize a painting competition意为“组织绘画比赛”。 4.A 【解析】 decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。 5.D 【解析】raise money意为“筹集资金”。 按要求写出下列单词的相应形式。 illness hurt peaceful difficulty express offer organized spirits organization volunteer 四、用所给词适当形式填空。 1.offers 2.friendship 3.1onely 4.Painful 5.difficulty 6.to express 7.Courage 8.to raise 9.permission 10.playing 11. disabled 12. teenagers 13. organizing munities 15. to stu (?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)dy 五、完成句子。 1. in need 2. raise your spirits 3. ask permission 4. offered to organize 5. has difficulty learning 六、选择题。 1-5 BBABA 6-10 CCBAB 11-15 BABCB 21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页) HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) " 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)