2021届高考二轮英语语法专训
10.
名词性从句
重点一
宾语从句★★★★★
1.引导宾语从句的连接词
从属连词that、
whether、
if；连接代词what、
who、
whose、
whatever、
whichever、
whoever等；连接副词when、
where、
why、
how等；从句用陈述语序。
·We
promise
whoever
attends
the
party
a
chance
to
have
a
photo
taken
with
the
movie
star.
我们许诺，任何参加这个聚会的人都有跟那个电影明星合影的机会。
·I
truly
believe
that
beauty
comes
from
within.
我确信美来自内在。
·What
we
should
take
with
us
depends
on
where
we'll
stay.
我们需要随身带什么东西，取决于我们将在什么地方停留。
2．it做形式宾语的宾语从句
(1)一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，则需要用it做形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。常见的这类动词有：find、
feel、
think、
consider、
believe、
guess、
suppose、
make等。
·He
has
made
it
clear
that
the
meeting
will
not
be
postponed.
他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
(2)动词hate、
like、
dislike、
appreciate、
enjoy等表示“喜欢”“厌恶”等的动词以及一些动词短语see
to、
depend
on、
rely
on等，常用it做形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
·I
shall
see
to
it
that
he
will
be
taken
good
care
of
when
you
are
absent.
你不在的时候，我会确保把他照顾好。
(单句填空)
1．(2019·北京高考)What
students
do
at
college
seems
to
matter
much
more
than
________
they
go.
答案与解析 where 句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里(上学)更重要。根据句意可知此处表“去哪里上学”，引导词在从句中做地点状语。故填where。
2．(2017·天津高考)She
asked
me
________
I
had
returned
the
books
to
the
library,
and
I
admitted
that
I
hadn't.
答案与解析 whether/if 句意：她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有归还。设空处引导的是宾语从句，根据句意可知该宾语从句要用whether/if引导。
3．(全国卷Ⅱ)As
natural
architects,
the
Pueblo
Indians
figured
out
exactly
________
thick
the
adobe
walls
needed
to
be
to
make
the
cycle
work
on
most
days.
答案与解析 how 根据语境和设空后的形容词thick可知，应用how引导宾语从句，表示程度。此处表示要弄清楚到底土坯房的墙需要“多”厚，故用how。
重点二
主语从句和表语从句★★★★★
1.主语从句
(1)that连接从句时，没有具体意思，不充当句子成分，只是起标志性的作用，但that不能省略。what引导时，既要在从句中充当成分，又有意义。
·It
never
occurred
to
me
that
you
could
succeed
in
persuading
him
to
change
his
mind.
我从来没想到你会成功地说服他改变主意。
(2)whether连接从句时，表示怀疑，不能省略，意为“是否”，在句首时不能用if替换。
·Whether
it
will
do
us
harm
or
good
remains
to
be
seen.
究竟此事对我们有害还是有利，还有待观察。
(3)连接代词、连接副词引导主语从句时不能省略，并在从句中充当句子成分。
·Who
will
take
over
the
company
has
not
been
decided.
谁将接管公司还没定好。
(4)用it做形式主语的常用句型：
①It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)＋that从句；
②It＋be＋名词(短语)(a
pity/a
shame/no
wonder等)＋that从句；
③It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)＋that从句；
④It＋特殊动词(seems,
appears,
happens,
matters)＋that从句。
·It
is
a
pity
that
I
missed
the
party
held
last
night.
很遗憾我错过了昨晚举行的聚会。
·It
is
reported
that
the
accident
was
caused
by
carelessness.
据报道，该事故源于(司机的)粗心驾驶。
(5)在It
is
necessary/important/suggested/advised/ordered＋that从句结构中，从句用“(should＋)动词原形”。
2．表语从句
(1)引导表语从句的连接词
从属连词that、
whether；连接代词what、
who、
whose、
whatever、
whichever、
whoever等；连接副词when、
where、
why、
how等；从句用陈述语序。
·I'd
like
to
start
my
own
business—that's
what
I'd
do
if
I
had
the
money.
我愿意自己创业——那就是如果我有钱将会做的事情。
(2)常见的表语从句句型：
①It
looks/seems
as
if
...好像……；仿佛……；
②This
is
because
...这是因为……(强调原因)；
③The
reason
why
...
is
that
...……的原因是……；
④That
is
why
...那就是……的原因(强调结果)；
⑤The
question/problem
is
whether/when/where
...
问题是……；
⑥His
dream/suggestion/aim/purpose
is
that
...
他的梦想/建议/目标/目的是……；
⑦what从句＋be＋that从句。
(单句填空)
4．(2018·北京高考)This
is
________
my
father
has
taught
me—to
always
face
difficulties
and
hope
for
the
best.
答案与解析 what 句意：这就是父亲教给我的——永远面对困难并寄予最大的希望。根据句意可知表语从句中taught
me后缺少宾语——“教会了我的东西/事情”，故用what引导表语从句。
5．(2017·北京高考)Every
year,
________
makes
the
most
beautiful
kite
will
win
a
prize
in
the
Kite
Festival.
答案与解析 whoever 句意：每年，在风筝节上，制作出最漂亮的风筝的人会赢得一份奖品。设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语成分，且表示“无论谁”，故填whoever。
6．Eventually,
I
decided
to
follow
her
and
________
happened
truly
amazed
me.
答案与解析 what 句意：最后我决定跟踪她，然后发生的事情真的让我感到震惊。由谓语动词amazed可知“________
happened”为主语从句，从句中缺主语，且表示“……的事物”，所以用what。
7．It
is
well
known
________
Confucius
was
born
in
the
city
of
Qufu
in
Shandong
Province,
China.
答案与解析 that 句意：众所周知，孔子出生在中国山东省的曲阜市。本题中It做形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。
【
技巧】
▲核心技法回顾
分析句子成分
1．缺少主语、宾语、表语，用连接代词what、
who、
whom、
which、
whatever、
whose
等。
2．缺少状语(结合句意判断)，用连接副词where(表地点)、
when(表时间)、
how(表方式)、
why(表原因)等。
3．不缺成分，句意缺少“是否”，用if/whether。
4．不缺成分且句子意义完整，用that。
▲语法填空解题技法练习
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)While
they
are
rare
north
of
88°，
there
is
evidence
________
they
range
all
the
way
across
the
Arctic,
and
as
far
south
as
James
Bay
in
Canada.
答案与解析 that 句意：虽然他们很少出现在北纬88度的地区，但有证据表明，他们的活动范围遍及北极地区，甚至加拿大的詹姆斯湾。分析句子结构可知，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，从句句意完整且不缺任何成分，故填that引导同位语。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I'm
not
sure
________
is
more
frightened,
me
or
the
female
gorilla
(大猩猩)
that
suddenly
appears
out
of
nowhere.
答案与解析 who 句意：我不确定是谁受到了更大的惊吓，是我还是那只不知从哪里突然蹦出来的雌性大猩猩。
I'm
not
sure
后为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，再结合后面的范围me
or
the
female
gorilla
可知，空处表“谁”，故用who引导宾语从句。
3．My
uncle
is
the
owner
of
a
restaurant
close
to
________
I
live.
答案与解析 where 连接词在此引导宾语从句且在从句中做地点状语，故用where。
4．Her
1957
flight
paved
the
way
for
space
exploration
at
the
time
________
scientists
didn't
know
if
space
flight
was
deadly
for
living
creatures.
答案与解析 when 句意：在科学家还不知道太空飞行是否对生物有致命危害的时候，她的1957年的太空之旅为太空探索铺平了道路。空前是主句，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词time，空处在从句中做时间状语，应用关系副词when引导定语从句。
5．________
makes
the
written
words
distinctive
is
its
visual
form.
答案与解析 What 分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，在从句中做主语，表“……的事物”，应用what引导主语从句。
6．I
soon
realized
________
my
mom's
greatest
strength
was
taking
care
of
those
in
need.
That's
________
I
wanted
to
become
a
doctor.
答案与解析 that;
why 第一空在句中引导宾语从句，从句在结构和句意上均完整，应用that引导宾语从句；第二空根据语境“那就是我想要成为一名医生的原因”可知，此处用why引导表语从句，That's
why
...
表“那就是……的原因”，故填why。
7．As
the
strongest
animal
selected
by
Chinese
people,
dragon
has
the
strongest
power
________
helps
it
go
to
the
sky
and
the
sea,
and
make
cloud
and
rain.
答案与解析 that 本题考生易因对只能用that的特殊情况掌握不好而导致关系词误用。句意：作为中国人选择的最强壮的动物，龙有最强大的力量帮助它上天入海，兴云布雨。分析句子结构可知，“________
helps
it
go
to
the
sky
...
rain”修饰power，为定语从句，关系词在从句中做主语，指物；先行词被形容词的最高级修饰，关系词用that而不用which。
8．I
don't
remember
________
it
first
started
annoying
me—her
hands
pushing
my
hair
that
way.
Finally,
one
night,
I
shouted
at
her，“Don't
do
that
anymore—your
hands
are
too
rough！”
答案与解析 when 空处所在句句意：我不记得她的手那样拨弄我的头发最初是什么时候开始让我感到不愉快的。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，“
it
first
started
annoying
me”做remember的宾语，为宾语从句，引导词在从句中做时间状语，故用when来引导。
9．Peking
Opera
has
a
history
of
about
200
years,
________
origin
can
date
back
to
old
local
operas,
especially
Anhui
Opera.
答案与解析 whose 此题易误认为200
years为先行词。句意：京剧有约200年的历史，它的起源可以追溯到古老的地方戏，特别是徽剧。定语从句修饰先行词Peking
Opera，从句中origin缺少定语，故用关系代词whose引导定语从句。
10．Mochi
is
made
by
putting
sticky
rice
into
water
overnight
and
pounding
it
into
a
sticky
paste.The
paste
is
made
into
shapes,
some
of
________
are
stuffed
with
sweet
fillings.
答案与解析 which 此题考生易误填them。句意：糯米团是将糯米放入水中过夜，然后把它捣成面团。这种面团被弄成各种形状，有些被装了甜馅。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为shapes，指物，关系词在从句中做主语，用关系代词which。注意：如果some前有and，则为并列句，用代词them。
Ⅱ.易错练习
1．The
course
normally
attracts
about
100
students
per
year,
of
________
up
to
half
will
be
from
abroad.
答案与解析 whom 先行词是100
students，指人；关系词在从句中做介词of的宾语，应用关系代词whom引导定语从句。填whom。
2．The
opinion
________
learning
is
a
lifelong
process
has
been
expressed
by
education
experts
throughout
the
years.
答案与解析 that 分析句意及句子成分可知，此处为opinion的同位语从句，从句句子成分齐全、句意完整，应用that引导，that引导同位语从句无意义，不做成分，仅起连接作用。
3．The
ancient
tradition,
________
date
is
determined
by
the
lunar
calendar
and
falls
somewhere
between
January
21
and
February
20
each
year,
is
the
longest
and
most
important
of
all
Chinese
festivals.
答案与解析 whose 该句是非限制性定语从句，空处在从句中做定语，先行词为The
ancient
tradition，空处与date为所属关系，故用关系代词whose引导非限制性定语从句。
4．He
also
started
the
Royal
Academy
of
Dance,
________
important
people
could
learn
this
art.
答案与解析 where 分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the
Royal
Academy
of
Dance，表地点，从句中缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语。
5．Some
people
point
out
________
necessary
it
is
to
get
rid
of
our
beautiful
and
unique
animals,
so
that
they
do
not
bite
anyone
again.
答案与解析 how 句意：有些人指出，除去我们美丽而独特的动物有多么必要，这样它们就不会再咬人了。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，表程度，修饰形容词necessary，故用how。
III.语篇提能
A
group
of
researchers
and
scientists
from
China
and
other
countries
are
working
together
(record)
and
collect
digital
images
of
cultural
relics
from
the
Mogao
Caves,
which
were
a
key
stop
the
Silk
Road
throughout
China's
ancient
history.
Nearly
500,000
high
quality
digital
photographs
(produce)
since
the
international
project
started
in
1994.
The
Mogao
Caves
(study)
in
many
countries
have
long
been
a
meeting
point
for
different
cultures.
Today
the
caves
are
just
as
international
as
they
were
at
the
time
people
travelled
the
Silk
Road.
Tourists
from
all
over
the
world
visit
Dunhuang
to
see
the
caves,
and
the
Getty
Museum
in
Los
Angeles
has
reproduced
a
copy
of
the
caves
and
(paint)
for
people
to
admire
in
America.
By
sharing
so
many
digital
photos
over
the
Internet,
the
group
hopes
to
promote
even
(wide)
interest
around
the
world
in
China's
ancient
history,
culture,
and
traditions.
one
researcher
who
is
working
on
the
project
explains，“
(appreciate)
one's
own
cultural
heritage
is
very
important
for
understanding
oneself.
Recognizing
the
cultural
heritage
of
other
countries
(do)
good
to
international
communication
and
understanding.”
答案与解析
1．to
record 考查非谓语动词。此处指中外科学家在一起合作的目的是记录和收集数码图片，
表目的应用不定式做状语，
填to
record。
2．along 考查介词。此处指“丝绸之路沿线最重要的一站”，
表“沿着”，
应用介词along。
3．have
been
produced 考查动词的时态和语态。
该句主语
photographs与produce是被动关系，
应用被动语态；又从句是since引导的时间状语从句，
故主句用现在完成时的被动语态，
填have
been
produced。
4．studied 考查非谓语动词。
study与The
Mogao
Caves是逻辑上的动宾关系，
应用过去分词做定语，
填studied。
5．when 考查定语从句。该句是定语从句，
先行词是time,
指时间，
从句中缺少状语，
故用关系副词when引导定语从句。
6．paintings 考查词形转换和名词的数。
此处表绘画，
且设空前无表示“一”的限定词，
故填paintings。
7．wider 考查比较级。设空前是比较级修饰语even,
故wide应用比较级。
8．As 考查定语从句。
分析句子结构可知，
该句是非限制性定语从句，
关系词指代主句的全部内容，
且意为“正如”，
故用关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句。
9．Appreciating 考查非谓语动词。设空在句中做主语，
应用动名词，
填
Appreciating。
10．does 考查主谓一致。
该句是动名词做主语，
谓语用单数形式，
填does。
【
能力】
一、单项选择
1.
There’s
a
saying,
“life
is
10%
____________happens
to
us
and
90%
____________we
respond
to
it”.
A.
what;
how
B.
that;
that
C.
which;
when
D.
who;
why
【答案】A
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：俗话说：“生命意义的10％是我们所发生的事情，90％是我们对这些事的回应”。分析句子可知，第一个空处是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，使用what引导，代指“发生的事情”；第二个空处也是表语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，因此使用how引导。故选A项。
2.
The
tobacco,
which
is
used
to
make
cigarettes,
was
first
grown
in
_____________
is
now
part
of
the
United
States.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
all
D.
which
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：这种用来制作香烟的烟草最初种植的地方现在是美国的一部分。分析句子可知，介词in后是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，且没有范围限制，所以用连接代词what引导宾语从句，故选A。
3.
The
research
team
are
still
working
hard
to
figure
out
________.
A.
it
was
what
that
caused
the
disease
B.
what
it
was
that
caused
the
disease
C.
what
was
it
that
caused
the
disease
D.
that
it
was
what
caused
the
disease
【答案】A
【解析】考查宾语从句从句语序和强调句。句意：研究小组仍在努力找出导致这种疾病的原因。根据figure
out可知，此处是一个宾语从句，语序是陈述语气（主语+谓语+宾语），即what
caused
the
disease；强调句的基本结构是It
is
(was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who
(that)...，此处被强调部分是what。故选A项。
4.
The
officials
travelled
westwards
to
Central
Asia
and
arrived
in
_______
is
today
Afghanistan.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
what
D.
where
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：官员们向西进发前往中亚，抵达今天的阿富汗。根据句意和句子结构可知，本句为宾语从句，空格处单词引导从句作介词“in”的宾语，从句中缺少主语，指物，且没有选择范围，故应用连接代词what引导从句。故选C项。
5.
High
school
students
will
be
better
aware
of
________
the
real
world
is
like
by
participating
in
the
community
service.
A.
where
B.
that
C.
whether
D.
what
【答案】D
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：通过参加社区服务，高中生会更好地意识到现实世界是什么样的。A.?where哪里；B.
that那个；
C.?whether是否；D.?what什么。本句中be
aware
of做谓语，其后跟的是宾语从句；又由于宾语从句中缺少介词like的宾语，所以要用what引导。故选D项。
6.
—Excuse
me.
Could
you
tell
me
____________?
—In
front
of
the
library.
A.
what
time
should
we
arrive
at
the
park
B.
where
should
we
meet
C.
where
I
can
find
you
tomorrow
morning
D.
what
we
need
to
take
with
us
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：—打扰一下，你能告诉我我明天早上在哪找你吗？—在图书馆前面。根据回答可以判断引导词为where，可以排除A和D项。宾语从句的语序应该为陈述语序，B项为疑问语序，排除B项。故选C项。
7.
It
was
with
great
courage_______
the
boy
told
the
truth________
he
had
stolen
the
money.
A.
which;
that
B.
when;
what
C.
as;
that
D.
that;
that
【答案】D
【解析】考查强调句和同位语从句。句意：这个小男孩带着很大的勇气说出了他偷了钱的事实。第一空，去掉it
was和该空，句子结构完整，语义清晰，所以该句为强调句，强调句的基本结构是：it
is
/
was
+
被强调部分
+
that
+
句子的其他成分；第二空the
truth
后是一个同位语从句，作truth的同位语，对truth进行解释说明，从句中不缺少成分，连接词用that，故选D项。
8.
They
concluded
that
the
situation
had
become
better
than
expected.划线部分是:
A.
主语从句
B.
定语从句
C.
宾语从句
D.
状语从句
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：他们的结论是情况比预期的要好。分析句子结构，They作句子主语，concluded是及物动词作谓语，所以后面that引导的句子应该作concluded的宾语，即宾语从句。所以划线的部分是宾语从句，故选C项。
9.
The
reason
______
he
didn’t
show
up
on
the
Orientation
Day
is
______
he
was
ill.
A.
why;
that
B.
that;
because
C.
why;
because
D.
which;
for
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句和表语从句引导词。句意：入职日那天他没有出现的原因是他生病了。分析句子结构可知，第一个空，是引导定语从句，先行词是reason，先行词在从句中要做状语，所以用why引导；第二空，引导表语从句，表语从句不少成分，所以引导词在从句中不做成分，用that引导。故选A。
10.
I
want
to
know
_______________
it
is
worth
doing.
A.
until
B.
unless
C.
whether
D.
before
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我想知道这是否值得做。根据句意和句子结构可知，_______________
it
is
worth
doing为宾语从句，空格处单词引导的句子作know的宾语，从句中不缺成分，根据句意“是否”可知，应用whether引导从句，意为“是否”。故选C项。
11.
________
is
against
my
principle,
I
think,
is
to
cheat
in
the
examinations.
A.
What
B.
As
C.
It
D.
That
【答案】A
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我认为考试作弊是违反我的原则的。A.
What什么；B.
As作为；C.
It它；D.
That那个。设空处引导主语从句且在句中做指物的主语，应用what。故选A项。
12.
I
shall
never
forget
those
days
outside
the
school
________
I
studied
on
line
at
home,
________
is
always
making
me
think
of________
I
can
do
more
for
my
homeland.
A.
that;
which;
which
B.
which;
that;
that
C.
when;
as;
what
D.
when;
which;
how
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句和宾语从句。句意：我永远都不能忘记那段在校外在线学习的日子，那总是让我想到我怎样才能为我的祖国做更多的事。分析句子可知，第一空是先行词为days的定语从句，且先行词在句中作时间状语，故用when；第二空是非限定性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面这件事，故用which；第三空前是介词of，故此处是宾语从句，且引导词在从句中作方式状语，故用how。综上所述，选D。
13.
Stephen
Curry's
success
is
the
living
proof
that
other
people's
thinking
cannot
influence___________
you
become.
A.
how
B.
that
C.
what
D.
where
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：斯蒂芬·库里的成功就是活生生的证明。人们的想法不会影响你成为什么样的人。分析句子结构，该句为what引导的宾语从句，且在从句中作表语。故选C项。
14.
was
beyond
their
expectation
was
that
finally
they
reached
a
place
sold
cigarettes
and
other
small
articles.
A.
It,
where
B.
What,
which
C.
As,
where
D.
What,
where
【答案】B
【解析】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：出乎他们意料的是，他们终于到了一个卖香烟和其他小商品的地方。（
was
beyond
their
expectation）是缺乏连接词的主语从句，从句缺乏主语，意为“什么”，用连接代词What；（a
place
sold
cigarettes
and
other
small
articles）是缺乏关系词的定语从句，先行词是a
place，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故选B项。
15.
---Be
careful!
Your
clothes
will
get
caught
in
the
machine.
---Thank
you.
I
so
close
to
it.
A.
didn't
know
I
was.
B.
thought
I
was
C.
had
thought
I
was
D.
don't
know
I
am
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态和语序。句意：——小心!你的衣服会卡在洗衣机里的。——谢谢。我不知道我离它这么近。由句意可知，此句表示“我”刚才不知道自己站的那么靠近它，现在知道了，故时态是一般过去时，表示否定，因此要用didn't
know，后接的是省略that的宾语从句，语序要用陈述语序。故选A项。
16.
The
proposal
Father
made
this
morning
did
sound
feasible
______________
every
member
of
the
family
______________
one-third
of
his
or
her
income
in
case
of
emergency.
A.
which,
set
aside
B.
that,
set
aside
C.
which,
sets
aside
D.
that,
sets
aside
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句和虚拟语气。句意：父亲今天早上提出的建议听起来可行，每个家庭成员都留出三分之一的收入以备不时之需。第一空引导同位语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，用连接词that引导，解释说明名词proposal。proposal表示“建议”时，从句应该使用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可以省略。故选B。
17.
From
the
bottom
of
my
heart,
_________
I
want
to
say
to
you
is
“Thank
you!”.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
why
【答案】C
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我发自内心想对您说一声“谢谢！”此处为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，结合句意表示想说的话，应用what引导。故选C。
18.
The
prize
will
go
to
_____
of
them
writes
the
best
composition
in
a
figurative
language.
A.
one
B.
anyone
C.
whoever
D.
whichever
【答案】D
【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：他们中谁用比喻语言写出的作文最好，谁就得这个奖。A.one一个人或事物；B.anyone任何人；C.whoever无论是谁；D.whichever无论哪个。根据谓语动词
will
go
to可知of
them
writes
the
best
composition
in
a
figurative
language是一个宾语从句，缺少了主语，表示无论是他们中的哪一个，因此要用连接词whichever。故选D项。
19.
—Life
is
all
about
choices.
It's
your
choice
you
live
a
life.
—I
quite
agree.
It
is
you
who
choose
to
be
in
a
good
mood
or
bad
mood.
A.
where
B.
why
C.
that
D.
how
【答案】D
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：——人生都是关于选择。怎么生活是你的选择。——我很同意，你可以选择情绪差或情绪好。空处所在的句子是主语从句，it是形式主语，后面的从句才是主语，根据句意选how，表示“如何去生活”。故选D项。
20.
Bob
looked
so
ridiculous
that
for
a
moment
we
didn’t
know
_______
we
should
take
him
seriously.
A.
whether
B.
that
C.
what
D.
how
【答案】A
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：鲍勃看上去很可笑，一时间我们都不知道该不该把他当回事。分析句子结构，“_____
we
should
take
him
seriously.”为宾语从句，从句不缺成分，结合语境，引导词有“是否”的含义，需用连接词whether引导。故选A。
21.
Reading
her
biography,
I
was
lost
in
admiration
for__________Doris
Lessing
had
achieved
in
literature.
A.
what
B.
which
C.
that
D.
how
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：读她的传记时，我对多丽丝·莱辛在文学上取得的成就感到钦佩不已。分析句子结构可知，介词for后是宾语从句，从句中动词achieve缺少宾语，且意为“……的事”，应用连接代词what。故选A。
22.
His
pale
face
suggested
that
he__________ill
and
his
teacher
suggested
that
he__________to
the
hospital
at
once.
A.
should
be;
send
B.
was;
should
send
C.
was;
be
sent
D.
were;
be
sent
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：他苍白的脸色表明他生病了，他的老师建议他立刻送往医院。第一个
suggest表示“暗示，表明”，后面从句叙述的是客观事实，且主句为一般过去时，所以一般过去时，表示当时所处的状态；第二个
suggest表示“建议”后面宾语从句要用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，should可以省略。主语he与send之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。
23.
When
many
people
reach
is
called
Wuzhen
in
China,
they
usually
get
the
impression
______
the
famous
town
is
beautiful
but
commercialized
in
some
way.
A.
where;
that
B.
which;
what
C.
what;
that
D.
where;
which
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：当许多人到达中国所谓的乌镇时，他们通常会有这样一种印象：这个著名的小镇很漂亮，但在某种程度上被商业化了。第一空，空处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代事物应用what；第二空，空处为同位语从句，解释说明impression的内容，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故用只起连接作用的that引导。故选C。
24.
________
I
want
to
tell
you
is
the
deep
love
and
respect
I
have
for
my
parents.
A.
That
B.
What
C.
Which
D.
Why
【答案】B
【解析】考查主语从句引导词。句意：我想告诉你的是我对父母深深的爱和尊敬。分析可知，“________
I
want
to
tell
you”为主语从句，从句中结构“tell
sb.
sth”，tell缺少直接宾语，应用what引导从句。故选B项。
25.
The
science
competition
is
a
good
opportunity
to
show
students
______
creativity
can
add
new
value
to
their
school
life.
A.
where
B.
whose
C.
when
D.
how
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：科学竞赛是一个展示学生创造力如何为学校生活增添新价值的好机会。分析句子可知，本题考查宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，所以用how引导。故选D。
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
26.
At
this
stage
we
can’t
really
anticipate______will
happen.
【答案】what
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：在这个阶段我们真的不能预测会发生什么。分析可知，设空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，且指代事物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
27.
College
is
________
we
should
focus
on
a
specific
major,
but
high
school
is
when
we
have
to
figure
it
out.
【答案】when
【解析】考查表语从句连接词。句意：大学是我们应该专注于特定专业的时候，但高中是我们必须弄清楚专业的时候。系动词is
后接表语从句，College是个时间段，用连接代词when引导表语从句，与high
school
is
when
we
have
to
figure
it
out相对应。故填when。
28.
Another
possibility
is
________
when
there
is
a
lot
of
talent
on
a
team,
some
players
may
make
less
effort.
【答案】that
【解析】考查表语从句引导词。句意：另一种可能是，当一个团队中有很多有天赋的球员时，有些球员可能会不那么努力。系动词is后接表语从句，后面的表语从句中不缺句子成分，结构完整，用无意义的that起连接作用。故填that。
29.
The
question,
however，is
this
is
________
what
the
developing
countries
need
the
most.
【答案】whether
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：然而，问题是这是不是发展中国家最需要的。
分析句子可知，空格用来引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分，且the
question表示“问题”，说明后面的表语从句是不肯定的，结合句意，此空表达“是否”含义，故填whether。
30.
It
is
not
surprising
________
he
wins
two
gold
medals
in
the
match,
for
he
is
an
excellent
player.
【答案】that
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：他在这场比赛中赢得两枚金牌并不奇怪，因为他是一名优秀的运动员。此句中it是形式主语，空格引导的主语从句he
wins
two
gold
medals
in
the
match是真正的主语，从句中不缺少成分，根据句意表示的是确定事实，所以用that引导，故填that。
31.
It
is
clear
________
Mrs.
Brown
has
a
preference
for
the
color
of
green.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句连接词。句意：很明显，布朗太太偏爱绿色。It
是形式主语，真正主语是
Mrs.
Brown
has
a
preference
for
the
color
of
green，缺乏连接词，从句结构完整，用只起连接作用且无意义的that，It
is
clear
that
+从句（很明显……）。故填that。
32.
I
have
made
it
clear
________
I
won't
support
your
idea.
【答案】that
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我已经表明我不会支持你的想法。此句为宾语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接词that。根据句意，故填that。
33.
It
is
said
________
the
book
has
been
translated
into
more
than
fifty
different
languages.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句连接词。句意：据说这本书已经被翻译为50多种语言了。根据上文It
is
said
可知，It
是形式主语，后面主语从句不缺成分，意义完整，所以应填that。It
is
said
that…句型，表示“据说......”
。故填that。
34.
It
is
generally
believed
________
communication
skills
are
becoming
what
it
takes
to
be
a
good
doctor.
【答案】that
【解析】考查名词性（主语）从句。句意：人们普遍认为，沟通技能正在成为一名好医生所需要的。分析句子可知，空格处引导主语从句，从句意义完整，不缺成分，故用that引导，it用作形式主语。“It
+
动词的被动语态
+
that
从句”成为一种固定句型。故填that。
35.
It
is
a
great
pity
________
you
couldn't
visit
the
Forbidden
City
when
you
were
in
Beijing.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：你在北京时没能参观故宫真是太遗憾了。结合句意表示“……太遗憾”可知句型为It
is
a
great
pity
that...，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。故填that。
36.
It
is
likely
________
they
will
go
on
another
journey
to
Tibet.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句连接词。句意：他们很可能再去西藏旅行。It
是形式主语，真正主语是
they
will
go
on
another
journey
to
Tibet，是主语从句，缺乏连接词，主语从句结构完整，用只起连接作用且无意义的that，It
is
likely
that
+从句（很可能……）。故填that。
37.
It
is
not
obvious
________
the
local
government
will
do
to
deal
with
the
crisis.
【答案】what
【解析】考查名词性从句引导词。句意：目前还不清楚当地政府将如何应对这场危机。分析句子可知，空格处引导主语从句，it为形式主语，从句中动词do缺少宾语，且指物，用连接代词what符合句意。故填what。
38.
It
is
obvious
________
students
should
study
hard
to
realize
their
dreams.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句连接词。句意：很明显，学生应该努力学习以实现他们的梦想。It
是形式主语，真正主语是
students
should
study
hard
to
realize
their
dreams，是主语从句，缺乏连接词，主语从句结构完整，用只起连接作用且无意义的that，It
is
obvious
that
+从句（很明显……）。故填that。
39.
The
ninety-year-old
mother
did
________
she
could
do
to
save
her
son.
【答案】whatever
【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：这位九十岁的母亲为了救儿子，尽了她所能。谓语did后接宾语从句“...she
could
do”，引导词在从句中作宾语，意为“任何事物”，用连接代词whatever。故填whatever。
40.
The
organizers
promise
________
wins
the
first
prize
a
chance
to
go
abroad.
【答案】whoever
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：组织者许诺谁得第一名就有出国的机会。分析句子可知，空格用来引导宾语从句...
wins
the
first
prize，从句中缺主语，根据句意此空指代人，且表示“无论是谁”，故填whoever。
41.
The
real
reason
why
________
I
don’t
have
a
hobby
is
I
don’t
have
time.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我没有爱好的真正的原因是我没有时间。分析句子结构可知本句为why引导的定语从句。从句中“I
don’t
have
a
hobby”是主语从句，从句中成分完整，故用引导词that。故填that。
42.
Mary
is
a
humorous
and
warm-hearted
woman
and
that
is
________
she
is
a
most
popular
person
in
her
community.
【答案】why
【解析】考查连词。句意：玛丽是一个幽默和热心的女人，这就是为什么她在她的社区里是最受欢迎的人。“that
is
why……”是一个固定句式，意为：这就是为什么……，其中连接副词why引导表语从句。故填why。
43.
The
researchers
attempted
to
find
out
________
new
plants
could
lessen
air
pollution's
effects.
【答案】whether/if
【解析】考查连词。句意：研究人员试图找出新的植物是否可以减少空气污染的影响。分词可知空格所在的句子是一个宾语从句，从句主干成分完整，故不用连接代词，根据语境此处指研究人员试图找出新的植物是否可以减少空气污染的影响，whether/if意为：是否，引导宾语从句时可互换。故填whether/if。
44.
Money
played
big
role
in
________
or
not
people
went
to
concerts
and
engaged
with
the
arts.
【答案】whether
【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：钱在人们是否去听音乐会和从事艺术方面起了很大的作用。介词in后接宾语从句，缺乏引导词，由句意可知，此处表“是否”，用引导词whether，连词whether
or
not（是否）。故填whether。
45.
It
doesn't
matter
much
________
you
attend
the
meeting
or
not
tomorrow.
【答案】if/whether
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：你明天参加不参加会议关系不大。whether
...
or
not
...是否。若不是直接与or
not
用在一起，则有时也可用
if（但用whether更常见）。根据句意，故填if/whether。
三、语法填空
1
Have
you
ever
met
anyone
of
your
age
from
America?
Do
you
think
you
would
have
a
lot
mon
with
the
middle
school
students
there?
In
fact,
there
are
lots
of
47.
(different).
For
example,
classes
in
American
schools
are
48.
(small)
than
ours.
Most
classes
in
America
have
no
more
than
30
students.
Most
students
in
the
US
don’t
wear
school
uniforms,
and
they
never
do
group
exercises
each
day
the
way
we
do.
49.
we
do
exercises
in
the
morning
together
will
make
them
surprised.
In
fact,
Chinese
students
and
American
students
have
very
different
lives.What’s
the
first
thing
you
think
about
when
you
get
up
in
the
morning?
It’s
50.
(probable)
your
lessons
at
school.
You
may
wonder51.
you
have
finished
your
homework.
Chinese
students
are
always
under
lots
of
pressure
both
at
home
52.
at
school.
They
study
hard
at
night,
and
sometimes
even
on
weekends
because
exams
are
very
important
to
them.
For
Chinese
students,
school
is
life,
but
not
for
American
students.
They
don’t
have
to
worry
about
passing
exams
all
the
time,
so
they
can
spend
time
in
and
out
of
school
53.
(do)
things
they
enjoy.
Students
do
different
things
for
fun.
Playing
sports,
making
music
and
surfing
the
website
are
all
their
favorite
activities.
Many
American
teachers
think
that
54.
(study)
hard
isn’t
enough
to
make
good
students.
They
encourage
students
55.
(try)
lots
of
different
things.
【答案】
46.
in
47.
differences
48.
smaller
49.
That
50.
probably
51.
if/whether
52.
and
53.
doing
54.
studying
55.
to
try
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章比较了美国学生和中国学生的不同之处。
46.
考查介词。句意：你认为你会和那里的中学生有很多共同之处吗?短语have
sth.
in
common“在……方面有共同点”。故填in。
47.
考查名词的数。句意：事实上，有很多不同之处。本句为there
be句型，缺少名词做主语，且由lots
of修饰故填名词复数形式differences。
48.
考查形容词比较级。句意：事实上，例如，美国学校的班级比我们的小。它们有很多不同之处。根据下文than可知应填形容词比较级smaller。
49.
考查连接词。句意：我们早上一起做练习会让他们感到惊讶。本句为主语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且位于句首，故填That。
50.
考查副词。句意：可能是你在学校上的课。本句中副词做状语修饰句子，故填probably。
51.
考查连接词。句意：你可能想知道你是否完成了家庭作业。从句中不缺少任何成分，由此可断定用that/if/whether，结合句意可知，需用表达“是否”意思的连接词，that无意义，因此断定用if/whether。
52.
考查固定短语。句意：中国学生在家里和学校总是承受着很大的压力。短语both…and…“两者都……”，故填and。
53.
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们不必一直担心通过考试，所以他们可以花时间在学校内外做他们喜欢的事情。短语spend
time
doing
sth.“花费时间做某事”，故填doing。
54.
考查非谓语动词。句意：许多美国老师认为努力学习不足以成为好学生。本句为宾语从句，从句中需要动名词短语做主语，故填studying。
55.
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们鼓励学生尝试许多不同的东西。短语encourage
sb.
to
do
sth.“鼓励某人做某事”后跟不定式，故填to
try。
2
A
few
months
56.
(early)
Aunt
Pat
had
bought
a
badly
used
piano
for
a
few
dollars
and
put
it
in
the
parlor,
on
the
theory
57.
every
civilized
house
58.
have
a
piano
in
the
parlor,
though
59.
she,
Uncle
Allen,
nor
Uncle
Charlie
played.
I
was
standing
on
the
sidewalk
in
the
darkness
60.
I
heard
piano
music
inside.
Curious,
because
I’d
never
heard
the
piano
played
before,
I
went
inside.
Aunt
Pat,
Uncle
Allen,
Uncle
Charlie,
and
Doris
were
sitting
in
the
parlor,
and
my
mother
was
at
the
piano
wearing
her
dark
suit
and
a
small
dark
hat
with
a
little
veil
that
fell
over
her
eyes,
and
she
was
playing
“rock
of
Ages”.
I
61.
(not
know)
she
could
play
the
piano.
She
wasn’t
playing
very
well,
I
guess,
because
she
stopped
occasionally
and
had
to
start
over
again.
She
concentrated
intensely
on
the
music,
and
the
others
in
the
room
sat
absolutely
silently.
My
mother
was
facing
me
but
didn’t
seem
to
see
me.
She
seemed
to
be
staring
62.
me
toward
something
63.
wasn’t
there.
All
the
happy
excitement
died
in
me
at
that
moment.
Looking
at
my
mother,
so
64.
(isolate)
from
us
all,
I
saw
her
for
the
first
time
as
a
person
utterly
alone.
Suddenly
I
realized
I
had
been
happy
there.
It
had
been
six
years
65.
my
mother
had
brought
us
to
Uncle
Allen
and
Aunt
Pat
to
live
for
a
few
months
until
she
could
set
up
a
home
of
our
own.
Now
her
youth
had
passed
without
a
single
triumph.
She
was
in
her
fortieth
year.
【答案】
56.
earlier
57.
that
58.
ought
to
59.
neither
60.
when
61.
didn’t
know
62.
at
63.
that
64.
isolated
65.
before
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章描写帕特阿姨买了一架二手钢琴，但是家里没有任何人会弹。直到有一次，作者听到妈妈弹的钢琴声，才意识到，妈妈为这个家付出了很多。
56.
考查固定搭配。“几个月前”的表达有a
few
months
earlier或者a
few
months
ago。原文给出了early，故填earlier。
57.
考查同位语从句中的引导词。抽象名称theory之后是一个句子，很明显是同位语从句，故而空格处需要填引导词。由于从句语义完整不缺成分，故填that。
58.
考查情态动词。由该句的句子翻译“每个文明的房子客厅里……有一个钢琴”可知，却的地方应意为“应该”，故填ought
to。
59.
考查固定搭配。“neither…nor…既不……也不……”，表示全部否定。故填neither。
60.
考查固定搭配。“主语+was/were
doing
when...”为固定搭配，意为“某事正在进行时突然出现另一动作”。故填when。
61.
考查一般过去时的否定形式。对谓语动词进行否定时，若原句没有助动词/be动词/情态动词，则借助动词do/does/did进行否定。分析语境可知应该是一般过去时，故填didn’t
know。
62.
考查固定搭配。stare
at
sb.为固定搭配，意为“凝视，注视某人”，故填at。
63.
考查定语从句的关系代词。由于something之后是个句子____8____
wasn’t
there.，故该句子为定语从句。该从句明显缺乏主语，故需要填关系代词。由于先行词是something，故填that。
64.
考查固定搭配。be
isolated
from为固定搭配，意为“与……远离/隔开”，故填isolated。
65.
考查固定搭配。it
had
been
+时间段+before….为固定搭配，意为“多长时间以后才……”。故填before。2021届高考二轮英语语法专训
10.
名词性从句
重点一
宾语从句★★★★★
1.引导宾语从句的连接词
从属连词that、
whether、
if；连接代词what、
who、
whose、
whatever、
whichever、
whoever等；连接副词when、
where、
why、
how等；从句用陈述语序。
·We
promise
whoever
attends
the
party
a
chance
to
have
a
photo
taken
with
the
movie
star.
我们许诺，任何参加这个聚会的人都有跟那个电影明星合影的机会。
·I
truly
believe
that
beauty
comes
from
within.
我确信美来自内在。
·What
we
should
take
with
us
depends
on
where
we'll
stay.
我们需要随身带什么东西，取决于我们将在什么地方停留。
2．it做形式宾语的宾语从句
(1)一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，则需要用it做形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。常见的这类动词有：find、
feel、
think、
consider、
believe、
guess、
suppose、
make等。
·He
has
made
it
clear
that
the
meeting
will
not
be
postponed.
他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
(2)动词hate、
like、
dislike、
appreciate、
enjoy等表示“喜欢”“厌恶”等的动词以及一些动词短语see
to、
depend
on、
rely
on等，常用it做形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
·I
shall
see
to
it
that
he
will
be
taken
good
care
of
when
you
are
absent.
你不在的时候，我会确保把他照顾好。
(单句填空)
1．(2019·北京高考)What
students
do
at
college
seems
to
matter
much
more
than
________
they
go.
2．(2017·天津高考)She
asked
me
________
I
had
returned
the
books
to
the
library,
and
I
admitted
that
I
hadn't.
3．(全国卷Ⅱ)As
natural
architects,
the
Pueblo
Indians
figured
out
exactly
________
thick
the
adobe
walls
needed
to
be
to
make
the
cycle
work
on
most
days.
重点二
主语从句和表语从句★★★★★
1.主语从句
(1)that连接从句时，没有具体意思，不充当句子成分，只是起标志性的作用，但that不能省略。what引导时，既要在从句中充当成分，又有意义。
·It
never
occurred
to
me
that
you
could
succeed
in
persuading
him
to
change
his
mind.
我从来没想到你会成功地说服他改变主意。
(2)whether连接从句时，表示怀疑，不能省略，意为“是否”，在句首时不能用if替换。
·Whether
it
will
do
us
harm
or
good
remains
to
be
seen.
究竟此事对我们有害还是有利，还有待观察。
(3)连接代词、连接副词引导主语从句时不能省略，并在从句中充当句子成分。
·Who
will
take
over
the
company
has
not
been
decided.
谁将接管公司还没定好。
(4)用it做形式主语的常用句型：
①It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)＋that从句；
②It＋be＋名词(短语)(a
pity/a
shame/no
wonder等)＋that从句；
③It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)＋that从句；
④It＋特殊动词(seems,
appears,
happens,
matters)＋that从句。
·It
is
a
pity
that
I
missed
the
party
held
last
night.
很遗憾我错过了昨晚举行的聚会。
·It
is
reported
that
the
accident
was
caused
by
carelessness.
据报道，该事故源于(司机的)粗心驾驶。
(5)在It
is
necessary/important/suggested/advised/ordered＋that从句结构中，从句用“(should＋)动词原形”。
2．表语从句
(1)引导表语从句的连接词
从属连词that、
whether；连接代词what、
who、
whose、
whatever、
whichever、
whoever等；连接副词when、
where、
why、
how等；从句用陈述语序。
·I'd
like
to
start
my
own
business—that's
what
I'd
do
if
I
had
the
money.
我愿意自己创业——那就是如果我有钱将会做的事情。
(2)常见的表语从句句型：
①It
looks/seems
as
if
...好像……；仿佛……；
②This
is
because
...这是因为……(强调原因)；
③The
reason
why
...
is
that
...……的原因是……；
④That
is
why
...那就是……的原因(强调结果)；
⑤The
question/problem
is
whether/when/where
...
问题是……；
⑥His
dream/suggestion/aim/purpose
is
that
...
他的梦想/建议/目标/目的是……；
⑦what从句＋be＋that从句。
(单句填空)
4．(2018·北京高考)This
is
________
my
father
has
taught
me—to
always
face
difficulties
and
hope
for
the
best.
5．(2017·北京高考)Every
year,
________
makes
the
most
beautiful
kite
will
win
a
prize
in
the
Kite
Festival.
6．Eventually,
I
decided
to
follow
her
and
________
happened
truly
amazed
me.
7．It
is
well
known
________
Confucius
was
born
in
the
city
of
Qufu
in
Shandong
Province,
China.
【
技巧】
▲核心技法回顾
分析句子成分
1．缺少主语、宾语、表语，用连接代词what、
who、
whom、
which、
whatever、
whose
等。
2．缺少状语(结合句意判断)，用连接副词where(表地点)、
when(表时间)、
how(表方式)、
why(表原因)等。
3．不缺成分，句意缺少“是否”，用if/whether。
4．不缺成分且句子意义完整，用that。
▲语法填空解题技法练习
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)While
they
are
rare
north
of
88°，
there
is
evidence
________
they
range
all
the
way
across
the
Arctic,
and
as
far
south
as
James
Bay
in
Canada.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I'm
not
sure
________
is
more
frightened,
me
or
the
female
gorilla
(大猩猩)
that
suddenly
appears
out
of
nowhere.
3．My
uncle
is
the
owner
of
a
restaurant
close
to
________
I
live.
4．Her
1957
flight
paved
the
way
for
space
exploration
at
the
time
________
scientists
didn't
know
if
space
flight
was
deadly
for
living
creatures.
5．________
makes
the
written
words
distinctive
is
its
visual
form.
6．I
soon
realized
________
my
mom's
greatest
strength
was
taking
care
of
those
in
need.
That's
________
I
wanted
to
become
a
doctor.
7．As
the
strongest
animal
selected
by
Chinese
people,
dragon
has
the
strongest
power
________
helps
it
go
to
the
sky
and
the
sea,
and
make
cloud
and
rain.
8．I
don't
remember
________
it
first
started
annoying
me—her
hands
pushing
my
hair
that
way.
Finally,
one
night,
I
shouted
at
her，“Don't
do
that
anymore—your
hands
are
too
rough！”
9．Peking
Opera
has
a
history
of
about
200
years,
________
origin
can
date
back
to
old
local
operas,
especially
Anhui
Opera.
10．Mochi
is
made
by
putting
sticky
rice
into
water
overnight
and
pounding
it
into
a
sticky
paste.The
paste
is
made
into
shapes,
some
of
________
are
stuffed
with
sweet
fillings.
Ⅱ.易错练习
1．The
course
normally
attracts
about
100
students
per
year,
of
________
up
to
half
will
be
from
abroad.
2．The
opinion
________
learning
is
a
lifelong
process
has
been
expressed
by
education
experts
throughout
the
years.
3．The
ancient
tradition,
________
date
is
determined
by
the
lunar
calendar
and
falls
somewhere
between
January
21
and
February
20
each
year,
is
the
longest
and
most
important
of
all
Chinese
festivals.
4．He
also
started
the
Royal
Academy
of
Dance,
________
important
people
could
learn
this
art.
5．Some
people
point
out
________
necessary
it
is
to
get
rid
of
our
beautiful
and
unique
animals,
so
that
they
do
not
bite
anyone
again.
III.语篇提能
A
group
of
researchers
and
scientists
from
China
and
other
countries
are
working
together
(record)
and
collect
digital
images
of
cultural
relics
from
the
Mogao
Caves,
which
were
a
key
stop
the
Silk
Road
throughout
China's
ancient
history.
Nearly
500,000
high
quality
digital
photographs
(produce)
since
the
international
project
started
in
1994.
The
Mogao
Caves
(study)
in
many
countries
have
long
been
a
meeting
point
for
different
cultures.
Today
the
caves
are
just
as
international
as
they
were
at
the
time
people
travelled
the
Silk
Road.
Tourists
from
all
over
the
world
visit
Dunhuang
to
see
the
caves,
and
the
Getty
Museum
in
Los
Angeles
has
reproduced
a
copy
of
the
caves
and
(paint)
for
people
to
admire
in
America.
By
sharing
so
many
digital
photos
over
the
Internet,
the
group
hopes
to
promote
even
(wide)
interest
around
the
world
in
China's
ancient
history,
culture,
and
traditions.
one
researcher
who
is
working
on
the
project
explains，“
(appreciate)
one's
own
cultural
heritage
is
very
important
for
understanding
oneself.
Recognizing
the
cultural
heritage
of
other
countries
(do)
good
to
international
communication
and
understanding.”
【
能力】
一、单项选择
1.
There’s
a
saying,
“life
is
10%
____________happens
to
us
and
90%
____________we
respond
to
it”.
A.
what;
how
B.
that;
that
C.
which;
when
D.
who;
why
2.
The
tobacco,
which
is
used
to
make
cigarettes,
was
first
grown
in
_____________
is
now
part
of
the
United
States.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
all
D.
which
3.
The
research
team
are
still
working
hard
to
figure
out
________.
A.
it
was
what
that
caused
the
disease
B.
what
it
was
that
caused
the
disease
C.
what
was
it
that
caused
the
disease
D.
that
it
was
what
caused
the
disease
4.
The
officials
travelled
westwards
to
Central
Asia
and
arrived
in
_______
is
today
Afghanistan.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
what
D.
where
5.
High
school
students
will
be
better
aware
of
________
the
real
world
is
like
by
participating
in
the
community
service.
A.
where
B.
that
C.
whether
D.
what
6.
—Excuse
me.
Could
you
tell
me
____________?
—In
front
of
the
library.
A.
what
time
should
we
arrive
at
the
park
B.
where
should
we
meet
C.
where
I
can
find
you
tomorrow
morning
D.
what
we
need
to
take
with
us
7.
It
was
with
great
courage_______
the
boy
told
the
truth________
he
had
stolen
the
money.
A.
which;
that
B.
when;
what
C.
as;
that
D.
that;
that
8.
They
concluded
that
the
situation
had
become
better
than
expected.划线部分是:
A.
主语从句
B.
定语从句
C.
宾语从句
D.
状语从句
9.
The
reason
______
he
didn’t
show
up
on
the
Orientation
Day
is
______
he
was
ill.
A.
why;
that
B.
that;
because
C.
why;
because
D.
which;
for
10.
I
want
to
know
_______________
it
is
worth
doing.
A.
until
B.
unless
C.
whether
D.
before
11.
________
is
against
my
principle,
I
think,
is
to
cheat
in
the
examinations.
A.
What
B.
As
C.
It
D.
That
12.
I
shall
never
forget
those
days
outside
the
school
________
I
studied
on
line
at
home,
________
is
always
making
me
think
of________
I
can
do
more
for
my
homeland.
A.
that;
which;
which
B.
which;
that;
that
C.
when;
as;
what
D.
when;
which;
how
13.
Stephen
Curry's
success
is
the
living
proof
that
other
people's
thinking
cannot
influence___________
you
become.
A.
how
B.
that
C.
what
D.
where
14.
was
beyond
their
expectation
was
that
finally
they
reached
a
place
sold
cigarettes
and
other
small
articles.
A.
It,
where
B.
What,
which
C.
As,
where
D.
What,
where
15.
---Be
careful!
Your
clothes
will
get
caught
in
the
machine.
---Thank
you.
I
so
close
to
it.
A.
didn't
know
I
was.
B.
thought
I
was
C.
had
thought
I
was
D.
don't
know
I
am
16.
The
proposal
Father
made
this
morning
did
sound
feasible
______________
every
member
of
the
family
______________
one-third
of
his
or
her
income
in
case
of
emergency.
A.
which,
set
aside
B.
that,
set
aside
C.
which,
sets
aside
D.
that,
sets
aside
17.
From
the
bottom
of
my
heart,
_________
I
want
to
say
to
you
is
“Thank
you!”.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
why
18.
The
prize
will
go
to
_____
of
them
writes
the
best
composition
in
a
figurative
language.
A.
one
B.
anyone
C.
whoever
D.
whichever
19.
—Life
is
all
about
choices.
It's
your
choice
you
live
a
life.
—I
quite
agree.
It
is
you
who
choose
to
be
in
a
good
mood
or
bad
mood.
A.
where
B.
why
C.
that
D.
how
20.
Bob
looked
so
ridiculous
that
for
a
moment
we
didn’t
know
_______
we
should
take
him
seriously.
A.
whether
B.
that
C.
what
D.
how
21.
Reading
her
biography,
I
was
lost
in
admiration
for__________Doris
Lessing
had
achieved
in
literature.
A.
what
B.
which
C.
that
D.
how
22.
His
pale
face
suggested
that
he__________ill
and
his
teacher
suggested
that
he__________to
the
hospital
at
once.
A.
should
be;
send
B.
was;
should
send
C.
was;
be
sent
D.
were;
be
sent
23.
When
many
people
reach
is
called
Wuzhen
in
China,
they
usually
get
the
impression
______
the
famous
town
is
beautiful
but
commercialized
in
some
way.
A.
where;
that
B.
which;
what
C.
what;
that
D.
where;
which
24.
________
I
want
to
tell
you
is
the
deep
love
and
respect
I
have
for
my
parents.
A.
That
B.
What
C.
Which
D.
Why
25.
The
science
competition
is
a
good
opportunity
to
show
students
______
creativity
can
add
new
value
to
their
school
life.
A.
where
B.
whose
C.
when
D.
how
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
26.
At
this
stage
we
can’t
really
anticipate______will
happen.
27.
College
is
________
we
should
focus
on
a
specific
major,
but
high
school
is
when
we
have
to
figure
it
out.
28.
Another
possibility
is
________
when
there
is
a
lot
of
talent
on
a
team,
some
players
may
make
less
effort.
29.
The
question,
however，is
this
is
________
what
the
developing
countries
need
the
most.
30.
It
is
not
surprising
________
he
wins
two
gold
medals
in
the
match,
for
he
is
an
excellent
player.
31.
It
is
clear
________
Mrs.
Brown
has
a
preference
for
the
color
of
green.
32.
I
have
made
it
clear
________
I
won't
support
your
idea.
33.
It
is
said
________
the
book
has
been
translated
into
more
than
fifty
different
languages.
34.
It
is
generally
believed
________
communication
skills
are
becoming
what
it
takes
to
be
a
good
doctor.
35.
It
is
a
great
pity
________
you
couldn't
visit
the
Forbidden
City
when
you
were
in
Beijing.
36.
It
is
likely
________
they
will
go
on
another
journey
to
Tibet.
37.
It
is
not
obvious
________
the
local
government
will
do
to
deal
with
the
crisis.
38.
It
is
obvious
________
students
should
study
hard
to
realize
their
dreams.
39.
The
ninety-year-old
mother
did
________
she
could
do
to
save
her
son.
40.
The
organizers
promise
________
wins
the
first
prize
a
chance
to
go
abroad.
41.
The
real
reason
why
________
I
don’t
have
a
hobby
is
I
don’t
have
time.
42.
Mary
is
a
humorous
and
warm-hearted
woman
and
that
is
________
she
is
a
most
popular
person
in
her
community.
43.
The
researchers
attempted
to
find
out
________
new
plants
could
lessen
air
pollution's
effects.
44.
Money
played
big
role
in
________
or
not
people
went
to
concerts
and
engaged
with
the
arts.
45.
It
doesn't
matter
much
________
you
attend
the
meeting
or
not
tomorrow.
三、语法填空
1
Have
you
ever
met
anyone
of
your
age
from
America?
Do
you
think
you
would
have
a
lot
mon
with
the
middle
school
students
there?
In
fact,
there
are
lots
of
47.
(different).
For
example,
classes
in
American
schools
are
48.
(small)
than
ours.
Most
classes
in
America
have
no
more
than
30
students.
Most
students
in
the
US
don’t
wear
school
uniforms,
and
they
never
do
group
exercises
each
day
the
way
we
do.
49.
we
do
exercises
in
the
morning
together
will
make
them
surprised.
In
fact,
Chinese
students
and
American
students
have
very
different
lives.What’s
the
first
thing
you
think
about
when
you
get
up
in
the
morning?
It’s
50.
(probable)
your
lessons
at
school.
You
may
wonder51.
you
have
finished
your
homework.
Chinese
students
are
always
under
lots
of
pressure
both
at
home
52.
at
school.
They
study
hard
at
night,
and
sometimes
even
on
weekends
because
exams
are
very
important
to
them.
For
Chinese
students,
school
is
life,
but
not
for
American
students.
They
don’t
have
to
worry
about
passing
exams
all
the
time,
so
they
can
spend
time
in
and
out
of
school
53.
(do)
things
they
enjoy.
Students
do
different
things
for
fun.
Playing
sports,
making
music
and
surfing
the
website
are
all
their
favorite
activities.
Many
American
teachers
think
that
54.
(study)
hard
isn’t
enough
to
make
good
students.
They
encourage
students
55.
(try)
lots
of
different
things.
2
A
few
months
56.
(early)
Aunt
Pat
had
bought
a
badly
used
piano
for
a
few
dollars
and
put
it
in
the
parlor,
on
the
theory
57.
every
civilized
house
58.
have
a
piano
in
the
parlor,
though
59.
she,
Uncle
Allen,
nor
Uncle
Charlie
played.
I
was
standing
on
the
sidewalk
in
the
darkness
60.
I
heard
piano
music
inside.
Curious,
because
I’d
never
heard
the
piano
played
before,
I
went
inside.
Aunt
Pat,
Uncle
Allen,
Uncle
Charlie,
and
Doris
were
sitting
in
the
parlor,
and
my
mother
was
at
the
piano
wearing
her
dark
suit
and
a
small
dark
hat
with
a
little
veil
that
fell
over
her
eyes,
and
she
was
playing
“rock
of
Ages”.
I
61.
(not
know)
she
could
play
the
piano.
She
wasn’t
playing
very
well,
I
guess,
because
she
stopped
occasionally
and
had
to
start
over
again.
She
concentrated
intensely
on
the
music,
and
the
others
in
the
room
sat
absolutely
silently.
My
mother
was
facing
me
but
didn’t
seem
to
see
me.
She
seemed
to
be
staring
62.
me
toward
something
63.
wasn’t
there.
All
the
happy
excitement
died
in
me
at
that
moment.
Looking
at
my
mother,
so
64.
(isolate)
from
us
all,
I
saw
her
for
the
first
time
as
a
person
utterly
alone.
Suddenly
I
realized
I
had
been
happy
there.
It
had
been
six
years
65.
my
mother
had
brought
us
to
Uncle
Allen
and
Aunt
Pat
to
live
for
a
few
months
until
she
could
set
up
a
home
of
our
own.
Now
her
youth
had
passed
without
a
single
triumph.
She
was
in
her
fortieth
year.
