2021届高考二轮英语语法专训
05.
形容词、副词与比较等级
重点一
形容词与副词的基本用法★★★★★
1.形容词和副词的句法功能
词性
功能
例句
形容词
在句中做定语、表语、补语和状语(说明主语的状态、性质和特征等)
Optimistic,
she
is
the
sort
of
lady
to
spread
sunshine
to
people
through
her
smile.
乐观的她是那种通过微笑把阳光传递给他人的女士。
副词
在句中做状语，修饰动词(短语)、形容词、副词、介词短语和句子等，方位副词可做后置定语、表语或补语
I
could't
find
my
way
out,
so
I
stayed
there
all
along.
我找不到出去的路，因此我一直待在那里。
2.兼有两种形式的副词
其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加后缀?ly。这两种形式的副词表示的意义不同。
close接近(指距离)—closely仔细地，密切地
free免费—freely自由地，自如地
deep深—deeply深刻地，深入地
hard努力地—hardly几乎不
wide宽阔地—widely广泛地
high高—highly高度地
late晚，迟—lately近来
near邻近—nearly几乎
most最—mostly主要地；绝大多数地
pretty相当地—prettily优美地
[提示] 下列单词以?ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively、
lonely、
lovely、
deadly、
friendly、
ugly、
silly、
likely、
brotherly、
timely等。
3．常用的连接性副词(完形中常考)
though一般用于句末，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折。
meanwhile意为“在此期间”，表示两个动作同时发生。
therefore/thus/consequently意为“因此，所以”，表示结果。
moreover/furthermore/additionally意为“此外”，表承接关系。
besides意为“另外，还有”，表示递进关系。
however意为“然而”，表示让步、转折，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
instead意为“相反”，表示相反的情况。
anyway/anyhow意为“尽管，即使这样”，表示让步。
(单句填空)
1．The
young
painter's
works
were
little
thought
of
at
first,
but
________
(late)
they
proved
to
be
very
valuable.
2．Most
of
us
fell
________
(sleep)
on
the
way
back,
but
I
stayed
wide
________
(wake)
and
was
looking
forward
to
visiting
the
region
again.
重点二
比较级和最高级的用法★★★★★
高考对形容词和副词比较等级的考查主要体现在两个方面：一是通过标志词than或表比较意义的语境推出用比较级或最高级；二是考查一些固定结构中比较级和最高级的用法。
1．比较级和最高级的构成
(1)规则形式
①单音节以及少数双音节的形容词和副词，在原级后加－er、
－est构成，如clever—cleverer—cleverest。其他特殊变化见下表：
特殊情况
构成方法
例词
以不发音的－e结尾
加－r和－st
brave—braver—bravest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾
变－y为i，再加－er和－est
happy—happier—happiest
以重读闭音节结尾
双写词尾，再加－er和－est
hot—hotter—hottest
②多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词，在原级前加more、
most构成。
active—more
active—most
active
happily—more
happily—most
happily
(2)不规则形式
good/well—better—best
far—farther/further—farthest/furthest
bad/ill/badly—worse—worst
2．等级用法的固定句型
(1)同级比较：as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as，其否定形式是“not
as/so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”。
(2)比较级结构：形容词/副词的比较级＋than;
more/less＋多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词＋than。常见的修饰比较级的词有any、
much、
even、
far、
by
far、
a
lot、
a
great
deal等。
·The
book
is
far
more
interesting
than
the
books
I
have
ever
read.
这本书比我以前读的书有趣多了。
(3)最高级结构：
the＋形容词的最高级(＋名词)＋比较范围(in/of/among短语)；one
of
the＋形容词的最高级＋名词复数。常用来修饰最高级的词有by
far、almost以及序数词等。
·Raymond's
parents
wanted
him
to
have
the
best
possible
education.
雷蒙德的父母想让他接受最好的教育。
3．比较级的常用句型
(1)“比较级＋and＋比较级”或“more
and
more＋原级”表示“越来越……”。
·Holiday
flight
tickets
are
getting
less
and
less
expensive.
假期的机票越来越便宜了。
(2)“the＋比较级
...,
the＋比较级
...”，表示“越……，越……”。
·The
more
you
listen
and
read,
the
better
you
write
and
speak.
你听得越多、读得越多，你的写作和口语就越好。
(3)“the＋比较级＋of
(the)＋名词/代词”，表示“(两者中)较……的”。
·Of
the
two
cameras,
I
would
prefer
the
smaller
one,
which
is
very
easy
for
me
to
carry.
这两个照相机，我喜欢较小的一个，它容易携带。
4．比较级形式表达最高级的含义
(1)“否定词语＋比较级”或“否定词语＋such/so
...
as”结构表示最高级含义。
·Your
story
is
perfect;
I've
never
heard
a
better
one
before.
你的故事太完美了，我从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。
(2)比较级在以下几种结构中均表示最高级含义：
①比较级＋than＋any
other＋单数名词；
②比较级＋than＋all
the
other＋复数名词；
③比较级＋than＋any
of
the
other＋复数名词。
·The
Yangtze
River
is
longer
than
any
other
river/than
all
the
other
rivers/than
any
of
the
other
rivers
in
China.
长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。
5．倍数表达法
常见的倍数表达句型主要有：
(1)A
is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B
(2)A
is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B
(3)A
is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size、
length、
height等)＋of＋B
(4)the＋名词(size、
length、
height等)＋of
A＋is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B
(5)A
is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句
·Smoking
is
harmful
to
people's
health,
killing
seven
times
more
people
each
year
than
traffic
accidents.
吸烟有害健康，每年因抽烟而丧命的人比死于交通事故的多7倍。
(单句填空)
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According
to
a
review
of
evidence
in
a
medical
journal,
runners
live
three
years
________
(long)
than
non?runners.
4．(2018·浙江高考)There
could
be
an
even
________
(high)
cost
on
your
health.
5．(2017·浙江高考)Sixteen
years
________
(early),
Pahlsson
had
removed
the
diamond
ring
to
cook
a
meal.
6．If
you
feel
stressed
by
responsibilities
at
work,
you
should
take
a
step
back
and
identify
(识别)
those
of
________
(great)
and
less
importance.
7．(上海高考)Up
to
a
certain
point,
the
more
stress
you
are
under,
the
________
(good)
your
performance
will
be.
【
技巧】
▲核心技法回顾
1．设空后含有than结构时，用比较级。
2．设空前有用来修饰比较级的词语much、
far、
even、
rather、
any、
a
little、
a
bit、
a
great
deal及倍数等时，用比较级。
3．表“越……，就越……”用“the＋比较级
...，the＋比较级
...”。
4．句中虽没有than，但暗含比较级，也用比较级。
5．设空后有表示范围的标志词“in＋范围”“of＋范围”“among＋范围”等时，用最高级。
6．设空前有(one
of＋)
the、
the＋序数词、
by
far
the等修饰词时，用最高级。
▲语法填空解题技法练习
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Scientists
have
responded
by
noting
that
hungry
bears
may
be
congregating
(聚集)
around
human
settlements,
leading
to
the
illusion
(错觉)
that
populations
are
________
(high)
than
they
actually
are.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)One
was
that
I
was
amazed
at
the
fact
that
a
sick
person
could
feel
much
________
(well)
after
seeing
a
doctor.
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)He
screams
the
________
(loud)
of
all.
The
noise
shakes
the
trees
as
the
male
beats
his
chest
and
charges
toward
me.
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Even
________
(bad),
the
amount
of
fast
food
that
people
eat
goes
up.
5．The
poem
is
The
Awaiting
Stone
by
Wang
Jian,
one
of
the
________
(famous)
poets
in
the
Tang
Dynasty.
6．He
went
to
France,
and
the
thing
he
liked
________
(much)
was
the
cheese.
7．Of
the
two
lectures,
the
first
was
by
far
the
________
(good),
partly
because
the
speaker
had
an
extraordinary
style.
8．So,
when
you
home
in
on
something,
you
get
________
(close)
to
your
target.
9．Shortly
afterwards,
the
ass
found
that
he
had
________
(heavy)
loads
to
carry
and
harder
work
in
the
brick?field,
and
asked
for
another
change
again.
10．You
are
no
________
(much)
careful
than
your
brother.
You
two
can't
do
the
work
that
needs
care
and
skill.
11．Jack
has
won
first
prize
in
the
English
speech
contest.
He
is
still
very
excited
now
and
feels
the
________
(little)
desire
to
go
to
bed.
12．Nothing
is
softer
and
________
(flexible)
than
water,
yet
nothing
can
resist
it.
【
能力】
一、单项选择
1.
As
the
foreign
slave
trade
was
cut
off,the
American
slave
trade
absolutely
boomed.
A.
intended
B.
regular
C.
domestic
D.
limited
2.
Additional
transmitting
facilities
would
a
much
stronger
signal
that
would
reach
many
more
listeners.
A.
make
it
possible
B.
make
possible
C.
make
possible
that
D.
be
made
it
possible
3.
—
How
much
is
the
sweater
?
—
55
dollars.
A.
worth
B.
cost
C.
worthy
D.
paid
4.
Tension
began
to
build
up
as
they
argued
more
_______,
which
eventually
led
to
their
divorce.
A.
frequently
B.
permanently
C.
tentatively
D.
thoroughly
5.
Only
when
you
translate
your
decision
into
_____
actions
will
you
make
your
dream
a
reality.
A.
conventional
B.
concrete
C.
complex
D.
communicative
6.
She
was
like
a
________
little
china
doll,
special
and
easily
broken.
A.
delicate
B.
dynamic
C.
cautious
D.
vague
7.
His
plans
are
very
________.
He
wants
to
pass
CET
4,
IELTS
and
Shanghai
Interpretation
Test
before
he
enters
university.
A.
ambitious
B.
abundant
C.
abstract
D.
appropriate
8.
—Mathew,
what’s
the
result
of
the
final?
—Believe
it
or
not,
China
________
beat
its
strong
opponent
France.
A.
narrowly
B.
casually
C.
manually
D.
typically
9.
________?and?excited,
the
athletes
from
all
over
the
world
took
part
in
the
Winter
Olympics
held
in
Vancouver.
A.
Honored
B.
Honoring
C.
Being?honored
D.
To?be?honored
10.
Chinese
cuisine
is
hugely
________
thanks
to
the
many
different
regions
and
ethnic
groups
that
have
settled
in
the
country.
A.
delicate
B.
dynamic
C.
desperate
D.
diverse
11.
I
believe
China
has
masses
of
reasons
to
be
such
a
host
and
what
China
can
contribute
to
the
Olympics
is
not
________
a
ticket
design.
A.
merely
B.
scarcely
C.
barely
D.
rarely
12.
Jin
Yong,
one
of
the
most
________
Chinese
novelists,
passed
away
on
30th
October,
setting
off
a
great
wave
of
reviewing
of
his
classics.
A.
ignorant
B.
influential
C.
effective
D.
respective
13.
I
ran
out
of
petrol,
had
a
broken
windscreen,
and
then
got
a
________
tyre.
The
whole
trip
was
a
chapter
of
accidents.
A.
fragile
B.
fertile
C.
flat
D.
flexible
14.
They
are
going
to
have
a
party
___________
next
week.
A.
sometime
B.
some
time
C.
sometimes
D.
some
times
15.
—It’s
reported
that
Fuxing
high-speed
train
can
go
___________
350
km
an
hour.
A.
so
fast
as
B.
as
fast
as
C.
as
faster
as
D.
fast
than
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
16.
The
first
thing
he
did
was
to
find
shelter
from
the______(freeze)
wind
and
snow.
17.
What
is
your______（anticipate）
salary?
18.
The
snake
was_______（freeze）on
the
road.
19.
The
sustainable
success
of
small
farmers,
though,
won't
happen
without__________（fundament）changes
to
the
industry.
20.
The
price
is
somewhat_________(high)
than
I
expected.
21.
I
can
find
out
whether
my
reactions
to
an
event
are
________（reason）enough
by
reading
about
those
of
others
on
the
Internet.
22.
Unless
you
can
sleep
well,
you
will
lose
the
ability
to
focus,
plan
and
stay
________（motivate）after
one
or
two
nights.
23.
The
goal
of
the
event
is
to
spread
the
idea
that
littering
is
not
________(accept).
24.
Bamboo
that
is
________
（suit）for
construction
needs
much
fewer
resources
than
wood.
25.
The
rent
is
________（reason），
but
the
house
is
far
away
from
my
company.
26.
They
began
as
a__________（modest）successful
musician
group
and
ended
the
year
as
show
business
legends（传说）.
27.
__________(ideal),
the
system
would
tell
us
when
to
adapt
human
activities
that
are
pushing
an
ecosystem
toward
a
breakdown.
28.
Our
new
managing
director
has
reorganized
the
company
a
little
bit,
but
nothing
has_________（fundamental）changed.
29.
I
________（firm）
believe
that
we
will
provide
an
excellent
performance
in
the
next
match
with
you
on
the
team.
30.
I
________（firm）
believe
that
we
must
take
firm
action
to
stop
fighting.
31.
China'
s
image
is
improving
______(steady),
with
more
countries
recognizing
its
role
in
international
affairs.
32.
The
characters
in
the
book
are
______（vivid）presented.
33.
The
luggage
might
shift
______
in
the
overhead
bin
during
the
flight.
(用适当的词填空)
34.
Bicycling
is
good
exercise;
______,
does
not
pollute
the
air.
（用适当的词填空）
35.
Relax
as
much
as
possible
and
keep
breathing
_____（steady）.
36.
The
program
aims
to
teach
girls
how
to
make
eyes
_____（vivid）,
bigger
and
more
beautiful.
37.
She
sang
very
well.I've
never
heard
a
_____
(beautiful)
voice.
（所给单词适当形式填空）
38.
Lucy
doesn’t
need
to
go
on
a
diet
at
all
and
she
is
the_____（slim）girl
I
have
ever
met
in
my
life.
39.
According
to
the
research,
taking
on
a
fitness
journey
with
others
proves________(effective)
than
going
to
the
gym
alone.
40.
The
more
you
study
math,
the
_____________
(easy)
you
will
feel.
41.
Actions
speak
________
(loud)
than
words.
42.
Mr.
Wang
taught
us
to
practice
___________
(hard)
than
ever
before
and
never
give
up.
43.
Those
people，
in
turn，
will
connect
better
with
others
and
treat
them
more
___________
（generous）.
44.
Losing
games
taught
me
to
practise_______________(hard)
than
ever
before
and
never
give
up.
45.
He
can
speak
English_____(fluent)
than
before.（用所给单词的适当形式填空）
三、用单词的适当形式完成短文
1
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
terrible
fire
began
to
burn
at
France’s
world-famous
Notre-Dame
de
Paris
Cathedral
(巴黎圣母院)46.
the
evening
of
April
15.
Flames
could
be
seen
rising
through
the
top
of
the
monument.
47.
(it)
tall,
narrow
top
later
fell
down.
It
took
15
hours
for
400
French
firefighters
48.
(put)
out
the
fire.
49.
(fortunate),
the
main
stone
structure,
including
the
two
bell
towers,
has
been
saved,
but
there
is
little
information
on
the
condition
of
the
cathedral’s
glass
windows
and
paintings.
Notre-Dame
50.
(date)
back
to
the
12th
century.
French
writer
Victor
Hugo
used
it
as
the
setting
of
his
famous
story,
The
Hunchback
of
Notre-Dame,51.
was
first
published
in
1831.
Sitting
in
the
center
of
Paris,
along
the
Seine
River,
Notre-Dame
is
one
of
the
world’s
most
famous
tourist
52.
(site).
About
12
million
people
visit
it
each
year.
One
man
said,
“Notre-Dame
53.
(destroy)
but
the
soul
of
France
was
not.”
French
President
Emmanuel
Macron
promised
that
Notre-Dame
would
be
rebuilt
and
asked
for
worldwide
help
repairing
it.
Many
countries
offered
assistance,
because
Notre-Dame
is
part
of
the
54.
(culture)
heritage
of
mankind
and
55.
symbol
for
Europe.
2
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have
you
ever
seen
a
painting
destroy
56.
(it)?
This
strange
event
happened
during
a
recent
auction
(拍卖)
in
London.
Girl
With
Balloon
is
one
of
the
most
well-known
works
of
British
artist
Banksy.
It
57.
(sell)
for
?1.04
million
(about
9.49
million
yuan)
at
the
Sotheby
auction
house
on
Oct
5.
However,
shortly
58.
the
hammer
(锤子)
went
down,
the
painting
began
to
slide
down
its
frame
(画框)
and
half
of
the
painting
was
cut
into
59.
(piece)!
In
fact,
there
60.
(be)
a
shredder
(碎纸机)
in
the
frame.
More
surprisingly,
the
artist
might
have
set
the
shredder
in
the
frame
himself
years
ago,
Yahoo
News
reported.
Banksy
is
known
61.
being
mysterious
and
unpredictable.
No
one
knows
his
real
name,
62.
his
paintings
are
everywhere
across
the
UK.
He
always
plays
hoaxes
(恶作剧)
on
the
art
world.
People
believe
this
is
just
another
example
of
Banksy
63.
(play)
a
trick.
They
think
he
is
against
the
commercialization
(商品化)
of
art.
However,
the
64.
(fun)
part
is
that
this
hoax
might
have
made
the
painting
more
valuable.
“(The
price
is)
possibly
as
high
as
being
worth
?2
million
(about
18.2
million
yuan)
plus,”
Joey
Syer,
65.
(found)
of
art
website
,
told
the
Guardian.2021届高考二轮英语语法专训
05.
形容词、副词与比较等级
重点一
形容词与副词的基本用法★★★★★
1.形容词和副词的句法功能
词性
功能
例句
形容词
在句中做定语、表语、补语和状语(说明主语的状态、性质和特征等)
Optimistic,
she
is
the
sort
of
lady
to
spread
sunshine
to
people
through
her
smile.
乐观的她是那种通过微笑把阳光传递给他人的女士。
副词
在句中做状语，修饰动词(短语)、形容词、副词、介词短语和句子等，方位副词可做后置定语、表语或补语
I
could't
find
my
way
out,
so
I
stayed
there
all
along.
我找不到出去的路，因此我一直待在那里。
2.兼有两种形式的副词
其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加后缀?ly。这两种形式的副词表示的意义不同。
close接近(指距离)—closely仔细地，密切地
free免费—freely自由地，自如地
deep深—deeply深刻地，深入地
hard努力地—hardly几乎不
wide宽阔地—widely广泛地
high高—highly高度地
late晚，迟—lately近来
near邻近—nearly几乎
most最—mostly主要地；绝大多数地
pretty相当地—prettily优美地
[提示] 下列单词以?ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively、
lonely、
lovely、
deadly、
friendly、
ugly、
silly、
likely、
brotherly、
timely等。
3．常用的连接性副词(完形中常考)
though一般用于句末，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折。
meanwhile意为“在此期间”，表示两个动作同时发生。
therefore/thus/consequently意为“因此，所以”，表示结果。
moreover/furthermore/additionally意为“此外”，表承接关系。
besides意为“另外，还有”，表示递进关系。
however意为“然而”，表示让步、转折，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
instead意为“相反”，表示相反的情况。
anyway/anyhow意为“尽管，即使这样”，表示让步。
(单句填空)
1．The
young
painter's
works
were
little
thought
of
at
first,
but
________
(late)
they
proved
to
be
very
valuable.
答案与解析 later 此处指“后来；以后”
填副词later。
2．Most
of
us
fell
________
(sleep)
on
the
way
back,
but
I
stayed
wide
________
(wake)
and
was
looking
forward
to
visiting
the
region
again.
答案与解析 asleep;
awake 句中fell和stayed都是系动词，其后应接形容词做表语。fall
asleep
“睡着”；
wide
awake意为“毫无睡意的”。常见的表语形容词有：awake,
aware,
asleep,
alive,
ashamed,
afraid。这些词既可跟在系动词后面做表语，也可在句中做补语、后置定语，在句首或句末用逗号与其他部分隔开时，也可做状语，表示主语的状态。
重点二
比较级和最高级的用法★★★★★
高考对形容词和副词比较等级的考查主要体现在两个方面：一是通过标志词than或表比较意义的语境推出用比较级或最高级；二是考查一些固定结构中比较级和最高级的用法。
1．比较级和最高级的构成
(1)规则形式
①单音节以及少数双音节的形容词和副词，在原级后加－er、
－est构成，如clever—cleverer—cleverest。其他特殊变化见下表：
特殊情况
构成方法
例词
以不发音的－e结尾
加－r和－st
brave—braver—bravest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾
变－y为i，再加－er和－est
happy—happier—happiest
以重读闭音节结尾
双写词尾，再加－er和－est
hot—hotter—hottest
②多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词，在原级前加more、
most构成。
active—more
active—most
active
happily—more
happily—most
happily
(2)不规则形式
good/well—better—best
far—farther/further—farthest/furthest
bad/ill/badly—worse—worst
2．等级用法的固定句型
(1)同级比较：as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as，其否定形式是“not
as/so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”。
(2)比较级结构：形容词/副词的比较级＋than;
more/less＋多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词＋than。常见的修饰比较级的词有any、
much、
even、
far、
by
far、
a
lot、
a
great
deal等。
·The
book
is
far
more
interesting
than
the
books
I
have
ever
read.
这本书比我以前读的书有趣多了。
(3)最高级结构：
the＋形容词的最高级(＋名词)＋比较范围(in/of/among短语)；one
of
the＋形容词的最高级＋名词复数。常用来修饰最高级的词有by
far、almost以及序数词等。
·Raymond's
parents
wanted
him
to
have
the
best
possible
education.
雷蒙德的父母想让他接受最好的教育。
3．比较级的常用句型
(1)“比较级＋and＋比较级”或“more
and
more＋原级”表示“越来越……”。
·Holiday
flight
tickets
are
getting
less
and
less
expensive.
假期的机票越来越便宜了。
(2)“the＋比较级
...,
the＋比较级
...”，表示“越……，越……”。
·The
more
you
listen
and
read,
the
better
you
write
and
speak.
你听得越多、读得越多，你的写作和口语就越好。
(3)“the＋比较级＋of
(the)＋名词/代词”，表示“(两者中)较……的”。
·Of
the
two
cameras,
I
would
prefer
the
smaller
one,
which
is
very
easy
for
me
to
carry.
这两个照相机，我喜欢较小的一个，它容易携带。
4．比较级形式表达最高级的含义
(1)“否定词语＋比较级”或“否定词语＋such/so
...
as”结构表示最高级含义。
·Your
story
is
perfect;
I've
never
heard
a
better
one
before.
你的故事太完美了，我从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。
(2)比较级在以下几种结构中均表示最高级含义：
①比较级＋than＋any
other＋单数名词；
②比较级＋than＋all
the
other＋复数名词；
③比较级＋than＋any
of
the
other＋复数名词。
·The
Yangtze
River
is
longer
than
any
other
river/than
all
the
other
rivers/than
any
of
the
other
rivers
in
China.
长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。
5．倍数表达法
常见的倍数表达句型主要有：
(1)A
is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B
(2)A
is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B
(3)A
is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size、
length、
height等)＋of＋B
(4)the＋名词(size、
length、
height等)＋of
A＋is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B
(5)A
is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句
·Smoking
is
harmful
to
people's
health,
killing
seven
times
more
people
each
year
than
traffic
accidents.
吸烟有害健康，每年因抽烟而丧命的人比死于交通事故的多7倍。
(单句填空)
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According
to
a
review
of
evidence
in
a
medical
journal,
runners
live
three
years
________
(long)
than
non?runners.
答案与解析 longer 句意：根据一份医学杂志中的证据综述，跑步者比非跑步者的寿命长三年。设空后是比较级提示词than，故该空应填比较级longer。
4．(2018·浙江高考)There
could
be
an
even
________
(high)
cost
on
your
health.
答案与解析 higher 句意：这么做可能会让你付出更高的健康代价。设空修饰名词cost，应用形容词，设空前的even表示程度，修饰比较级，故填higher。
5．(2017·浙江高考)Sixteen
years
________
(early),
Pahlsson
had
removed
the
diamond
ring
to
cook
a
meal.
答案与解析 earlier 句意：十六年前，帕拉森取下钻石戒指做饭。表示“……之前”，
应用early的比较级earlier。
练有小得 early
?adj.&
adv.?是高考语法填空的高频考点，所以学生应记牢以下几点：,at/from
an
early
age
“年少时/自年少时起”；in
the
early
days
“最初”；early
in
the
morning
“一大早”；时间段＋earlier
表“……之前”；at
one's
earliest
convenience
“尽早”。
6．If
you
feel
stressed
by
responsibilities
at
work,
you
should
take
a
step
back
and
identify
(识别)
those
of
________
(great)
and
less
importance.
答案与解析 greater 句意：如果你因为工作职责而感到有压力的话，那么你应该退一步弄清哪些事情更重要，哪些事情不太重要。空后的and连接两个并列成分，设空处应与less并列，应用比较级，故填greater。
7．(上海高考)Up
to
a
certain
point,
the
more
stress
you
are
under,
the
________
(good)
your
performance
will
be.
答案与解析 better 句意：在一定程度上，你所受的压力越大，你的表现就会越好。根据设空前一分句的the
more和设空前的定冠词the,
可判断此处是“the＋比较级
...，the
＋比较级
...”结构，意为“越……，
就越……”。形容词good
的比较级和最高级分别是better,
best。句中应记住的短语up_to_a_certain_point/extent_“在某种程度上”；under_stress“在压力下”。
【
技巧】
▲核心技法回顾
1．设空后含有than结构时，用比较级。
2．设空前有用来修饰比较级的词语much、
far、
even、
rather、
any、
a
little、
a
bit、
a
great
deal及倍数等时，用比较级。
3．表“越……，就越……”用“the＋比较级
...，the＋比较级
...”。
4．句中虽没有than，但暗含比较级，也用比较级。
5．设空后有表示范围的标志词“in＋范围”“of＋范围”“among＋范围”等时，用最高级。
6．设空前有(one
of＋)
the、
the＋序数词、
by
far
the等修饰词时，用最高级。
▲语法填空解题技法练习
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Scientists
have
responded
by
noting
that
hungry
bears
may
be
congregating
(聚集)
around
human
settlements,
leading
to
the
illusion
(错觉)
that
populations
are
________
(high)
than
they
actually
are.
答案与解析 higher 根据设空后的比较级提示词than可知，设空处应填形容词的比较级，故填higher。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)One
was
that
I
was
amazed
at
the
fact
that
a
sick
person
could
feel
much
________
(well)
after
seeing
a
doctor.
答案与解析 better 设空前是比较级修饰语much，故用well(健康；身体好)的比较级形式，填better。
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)He
screams
the
________
(loud)
of
all.
The
noise
shakes
the
trees
as
the
male
beats
his
chest
and
charges
toward
me.
答案与解析 loudest 根据语境“他尖叫的声音最大”，结合设空前的定冠词the和设空后的表示范围的介词短语of
all可知，该空应用最高级，故填loudest。
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Even
________
(bad),
the
amount
of
fast
food
that
people
eat
goes
up.
答案与解析 worse 句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。设空前是比较级修饰语Even,
故设空处应填比较级。注意bad/badly
的比较级和最高级分别是worse,
worst。类似用法还有：what's_worse/worse_still/even_worse_“更糟糕的是”。
5．The
poem
is
The
Awaiting
Stone
by
Wang
Jian,
one
of
the
________
(famous)
poets
in
the
Tang
Dynasty.
答案与解析 most
famous 设空前是one
of
the，设空后是in
the
Tang
Dynasty,
故设空处应填形容词最高级，填most
famous。
6．He
went
to
France,
and
the
thing
he
liked
________
(much)
was
the
cheese.
答案与解析 most 根据语境“最喜欢的”可知，此处填much的最高级most。
7．Of
the
two
lectures,
the
first
was
by
far
the
________
(good),
partly
because
the
speaker
had
an
extraordinary
style.
答案与解析 better by
far可以用来修饰形容词比较级或最高级，由语境可知，此处表示两者中较好的那个，应用the
better。
8．So,
when
you
home
in
on
something,
you
get
________
(close)
to
your
target.
答案与解析 closer 句意：当你确定目标时，你会更靠近自己的目标。根据语境可知此处暗含比较级，故填closer。
9．Shortly
afterwards,
the
ass
found
that
he
had
________
(heavy)
loads
to
carry
and
harder
work
in
the
brick?field,
and
asked
for
another
change
again.
答案与解析 heavier 根据设空后的比较级harder，可知设空处填比较级，填heavier。
10．You
are
no
________
(much)
careful
than
your
brother.
You
two
can't
do
the
work
that
needs
care
and
skill.
答案与解析 more 根据第二个句子可知，此处是说“你和你的哥哥一样不仔细”，故应用“no
more
careful
than”。
11．Jack
has
won
first
prize
in
the
English
speech
contest.
He
is
still
very
excited
now
and
feels
the
________
(little)
desire
to
go
to
bed.
答案与解析 least 此处表示丝毫不想去睡觉，这与杰克现在还感到非常兴奋的语义相一致，应用little的最高级形式。空前的the是解题关键词。
12．Nothing
is
softer
and
________
(flexible)
than
water,
yet
nothing
can
resist
it.
答案与解析 more
flexible 空处与softer并列，应用比较级；且flexible是多音节形容词，其比较级形式应在其前加more。
【
能力】
一、单项选择
1.
As
the
foreign
slave
trade
was
cut
off,the
American
slave
trade
absolutely
boomed.
A.
intended
B.
regular
C.
domestic
D.
limited
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着国外奴隶贸易的中断，美国国内奴隶贸易蒸蒸日上。A.
intended故意的，有意的；B.
regular有规律的；C.
domestic国内的；D.
limited有限的。根据foreign
slave
trade可知，此处是指美国“国内的”奴隶贸易繁荣起来，domestic符合语境。故选C。
2.
Additional
transmitting
facilities
would
a
much
stronger
signal
that
would
reach
many
more
listeners.
A.
make
it
possible
B.
make
possible
C.
make
possible
that
D.
be
made
it
possible
【答案】B
【解析】考查make+宾语+宾语补足语。句意：额外的传输设备将使更强的信号有可能到达更多的听众。分析句子可知，此处make是及物动词，a
much
stronger
signal是其宾语，用形容词possible作宾语补足语。故选B项。
3.
—
How
much
is
the
sweater
?
—
55
dollars.
A.
worth
B.
cost
C.
worthy
D.
paid
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词/动词词义辨析。句意：-这件毛衣多少钱?-
55美元。A.worth值…的；B.cost花费；
C.worthy值得的；D.paid被付款的。“be
worth
+钱数”意为“值（多少钱）”，be
worthy
of
sth意为“值得……”，所以此处应用be
worth
sth。故选A。
4.
Tension
began
to
build
up
as
they
argued
more
_______,
which
eventually
led
to
their
divorce.
A.
frequently
B.
permanently
C.
tentatively
D.
thoroughly
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着他们更频繁地争吵，关系开始越来越紧张，这最终导致了他们的离婚。A.
frequently频繁地；B.
permanently永久地；C.
tentatively试探性地；D.
thoroughly彻底地。根据语境“Tension
began
to
build
up”可知，他们之间关系越来越紧张，应该是由于越来越频繁地争吵。故选A。
5.
Only
when
you
translate
your
decision
into
_____
actions
will
you
make
your
dream
a
reality.
A.
conventional
B.
concrete
C.
complex
D.
communicative
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有当你把你的决定转化为具体的行动，你才会让你的梦想成为现实。A.conventional常规的；B.concrete具体的；C.complex复杂的；D.communicative健谈的。由语意可知，你要让你的梦想成为现实，你需要把你的决定转化为具体的行动。故选B项。
6.
She
was
like
a
________
little
china
doll,
special
and
easily
broken.
A.
delicate
B.
dynamic
C.
cautious
D.
vague
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她就像一个易碎的小瓷娃娃，很特别，很容易破碎。A.
delicate易碎的；B.
dynamic充满活力的；C.
cautious谨慎的；D.
vague模糊的。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词作定语，修饰“doll”，根据句中“china
doll”和“easily
broken”可知，她像一个瓷娃娃，容易破碎，由此可知，应该是“易碎的”小瓷娃娃。故选A项。
7.
His
plans
are
very
________.
He
wants
to
pass
CET
4,
IELTS
and
Shanghai
Interpretation
Test
before
he
enters
university.
A.
ambitious
B.
abundant
C.
abstract
D.
appropriate
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的计划雄心勃勃。他想在进入大学之前通过大学英语四级、雅思和上海口译考试。A.
ambitious雄心勃勃的；B.
abundant丰富的；C.
abstract抽象的；D.
appropriate适当的。由语意可知，他想在进入大学之前通过大学英语四级、雅思和上海口译考试，因此他的计划是雄心勃勃的。故选A项。
8.
—Mathew,
what’s
the
result
of
the
final?
—Believe
it
or
not,
China
________
beat
its
strong
opponent
France.
A.
narrowly
B.
casually
C.
manually
D.
typically
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：——马修，决赛情况如何？——信不信由你，中国队险胜他的强大对手法国队。A.
narrowly勉强地；B.
casually随意地；C.
manually手动地；D.
typically典型地。结合句意可知，此处考查短语narrowly
beat
sb.“险胜某人”，故选A项。
9.
________?and?excited,
the
athletes
from
all
over
the
world
took
part
in
the
Winter
Olympics
held
in
Vancouver.
A.
Honored
B.
Honoring
C.
Being?honored
D.
To?be?honored
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词做状语。句意：来自世界各地的运动员们怀着荣耀和兴奋的心情参加了在温哥华举行的冬季奥运会。根据后文可知，此处为形容词作状语，修饰主语的状态，应用honored“光荣的，荣幸的”。故选A。
10.
Chinese
cuisine
is
hugely
________
thanks
to
the
many
different
regions
and
ethnic
groups
that
have
settled
in
the
country.
A.
delicate
B.
dynamic
C.
desperate
D.
diverse
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于在中国定居了许多不同的地区和民族，中国的烹饪非常多样化。A.
delicate精致的；B.
dynamic动态的；C.
desperate绝望的；D.
diverse多样化的。根据句意及空后thanks
to
the
many
different
regions
and
ethnic
groups
that
have
settled
in
the
country可知，中国的烹饪非常多样化。故选D。
11.
I
believe
China
has
masses
of
reasons
to
be
such
a
host
and
what
China
can
contribute
to
the
Olympics
is
not
________
a
ticket
design.
A.
merely
B.
scarcely
C.
barely
D.
rarely
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我相信中国有大量的理由成为这样的主办国，中国对奥运会的贡献不仅仅是一张门票的设计。A.
merely仅仅；B.
scarcely几乎不；C.
barely几乎不；D.
rarely很少。根据“I
believe
China
has
masses
of
reasons
to
be
such
a
host”可知，中国对奥运会的贡献不仅仅是一张门票的设计。故选A。
12.
Jin
Yong,
one
of
the
most
________
Chinese
novelists,
passed
away
on
30th
October,
setting
off
a
great
wave
of
reviewing
of
his
classics.
A.
ignorant
B.
influential
C.
effective
D.
respective
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：10月30日，中国最具影响力的小说家之一金庸逝世，掀起了一股对其经典作品的评论热潮。A.
ignorant无知的；B.
influential有影响的；C.
effective有效的；D.
respective分别的。根据“setting
off
a
great
wave
of
reviewing
of
his
classics.”可知，金庸是中国最具影响力的小说家之一。故选B。
13.
I
ran
out
of
petrol,
had
a
broken
windscreen,
and
then
got
a
________
tyre.
The
whole
trip
was
a
chapter
of
accidents.
A.
fragile
B.
fertile
C.
flat
D.
flexible
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的汽油用完了，挡风玻璃破了，然后车胎瘪了。整个旅行充满了意外。A.
fragile易碎的；B.
fertile肥沃的；C.
flat平坦的，（轮胎）瘪了的；D.
flexible灵活的。结合句意，“a
flat
tire(轮胎瘪了)”是“旅行充满意外（accidents）”的例证之一，故选C。
14.
They
are
going
to
have
a
party
___________
next
week.
A.
sometime
B.
some
time
C.
sometimes
D.
some
times
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：下周某个时间他们将举行一次聚会。A.
sometime某时；B.
some
time一段时间；C.
sometimes有时，偶尔；D.
some
times几次。根据句意可知，他们下周举办聚会的时间不确定，表示“某时”。故选A项。
15.
—It’s
reported
that
Fuxing
high-speed
train
can
go
___________
350
km
an
hour.
A.
so
fast
as
B.
as
fast
as
C.
as
faster
as
D.
fast
than
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定用法。句意：据报道，复兴号高铁可以快至每小时350公里。根据句意，只有复兴号高铁一个事物，没有多个事物进行比较，需要用原级，不能用比较级，所以排除C选项；D选项than前要用比较级，故D选项也排除。在肯定句中，表示“和……一样”用as…as…结构，否定句中可以用not
so/as…as…“和......不一样”，本句为肯定句，故选B。
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
16.
The
first
thing
he
did
was
to
find
shelter
from
the______(freeze)
wind
and
snow.
【答案】freezing
【解析】考查形容词。句意：他做的第一件事就是在刺骨的风雪中寻找藏身之处。修饰名词wind和snow用v-ing形式形容词，freezing“刺骨的”符合语境。故填freezing。
17.
What
is
your______（anticipate）
salary?
【答案】anticipated
【解析】考查形容词。句意：你期望的薪水是多少？分析句子结构，空处需填形容词“期望的”作定语，修饰名词salary。anticipated意为“期望的”。故填anticipated。
18.
The
snake
was_______（freeze）on
the
road.
【答案】frozen
【解析】考查形容词。句意：那条蛇在路上冻僵了。分析句子可知，设空处接在be动词之后作表语，应用形容词，表示“冻僵的”，故填frozen。
19.
The
sustainable
success
of
small
farmers,
though,
won't
happen
without__________（fundament）changes
to
the
industry.
【答案】fundamental
【解析】考查形容词。句意：然而，如果这个行业没有根本性的变化，小农户的可持续发展就不会发生。根据句子可知，空处作定语修饰名词changes，fundament“基础”。故填fundamental。
20.
The
price
is
somewhat_________(high)
than
I
expected.
【答案】higher
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：这价格比我预料的稍高一些。根据is可知，空处需填形容词作表语，结合空后的than可知，需用形容词比较级。故填higher。
21.
I
can
find
out
whether
my
reactions
to
an
event
are
________（reason）enough
by
reading
about
those
of
others
on
the
Internet.
【答案】reasonable
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我可以通过阅读互联网上其他人的评论来判断我对某一事件的反应是否足够合理。系动词are后用形容词作表语。根据句意，故填reasonable。
22.
Unless
you
can
sleep
well,
you
will
lose
the
ability
to
focus,
plan
and
stay
________（motivate）after
one
or
two
nights.
【答案】motivated
【解析】考查形容词。句意：除非你能睡得好，否则你会在一两个晚上后失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。分析句子可知，stay是连系动词，其后用形容词作表语，故填motivated。
23.
The
goal
of
the
event
is
to
spread
the
idea
that
littering
is
not
________(accept).
【答案】acceptable
【解析】考查形容词。句意：该活动的目的是传播这个观念：乱扔垃圾是不可接受的。that后接同位语从句，从句系动词is后用形容词作表语。故填acceptable。
24.
Bamboo
that
is
________
（suit）for
construction
needs
much
fewer
resources
than
wood.
【答案】suitable
【解析】考查形容词。句意：适合建筑的竹子比木材需要的资源少得多。根据空格前定语从句中的系动词is可知，此处应用suit的形容词suitable，作表语。故填suitable。
25.
The
rent
is
________（reason），
but
the
house
is
far
away
from
my
company.
【答案】reasonable
【解析】考查形容词。句意：租金是合理的，但是房子离我的公司太远。句中用形容词作表语。根据句意，故填reasonable。
26.
They
began
as
a__________（modest）successful
musician
group
and
ended
the
year
as
show
business
legends（传说）.
【答案】modestly
【解析】考查副词。句意：他们开始时是一个小有成就的音乐组合，年底时发展为商业表演传奇。根据句子可知，空处修饰修饰形容词successful，所以是副词，根据提示词modest“谦虚的”，故填modestly。
27.
__________(ideal),
the
system
would
tell
us
when
to
adapt
human
activities
that
are
pushing
an
ecosystem
toward
a
breakdown.
【答案】Ideally
【解析】考查副词。句意：理想情况下，该系统将告诉我们何时适应正在摧毁生态系统的人类活动。分析分子可知，空处填写副词形式，修饰后面整句话的内容。故填Ideally。
28.
Our
new
managing
director
has
reorganized
the
company
a
little
bit,
but
nothing
has_________（fundamental）changed.
【答案】fundamentally
【解析】考查副词。句意：我们新的总经理对公司进行了一些改组，但并没有从根本上改变什么。修饰动词changed，用副词形式。根据句意，故填fundamentally。
29.
I
________（firm）
believe
that
we
will
provide
an
excellent
performance
in
the
next
match
with
you
on
the
team.
【答案】firmly
【解析】考查副词。句意：我坚信，有你的加入我们将在下一场比赛中表现出色。修饰动词
believe要用副词。故填firmly。
30.
I
________（firm）
believe
that
we
must
take
firm
action
to
stop
fighting.
【答案】firmly
【解析】考查副词。句意：我坚信我们必须采取坚定的行动停止战斗。修饰动词believe要用副词。故填firmly。
31.
China'
s
image
is
improving
______(steady),
with
more
countries
recognizing
its
role
in
international
affairs.
【答案】steadily
【解析】考查副词。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，越来越多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。修饰动词improve应用副词
steadily，作状语。故填steadily。
32.
The
characters
in
the
book
are
______（vivid）presented.
【答案】vividly
【解析】考查副词。句意：书中的人物表现得很生动。分析句子结构可知，此处应该使用副词，修饰动词presented，故答案为vividly。
33.
The
luggage
might
shift
______
in
the
overhead
bin
during
the
flight.
(用适当的词填空)
【答案】about
【解析】考查副词。句意：在飞行过程中，行李可能会在舱顶行李柜里四处移动。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“shift
about”，意为“屡变位置，四处移动”，about意为“到处，处处”，副词词性。故填about。
34.
Bicycling
is
good
exercise;
______,
does
not
pollute
the
air.
（用适当的词填空）
【答案】besides
【解析】考查副词。句意：骑自行车是很好的运动;此外，不会污染空气。besides此外，为副词，在句中作状语。根据句意，故填besides。
35.
Relax
as
much
as
possible
and
keep
breathing
_____（steady）.
【答案】steadily
【解析】考查副词。句意：尽量放松，保持平稳的呼吸。修饰动词短语keep
breathing，应用副词形式。故填steadily。
36.
The
program
aims
to
teach
girls
how
to
make
eyes
_____（vivid）,
bigger
and
more
beautiful.
【答案】vivider
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：这个项目的目的是教女孩们如何使眼睛更生动、更大、更漂亮。由make
sth.
adj（使……），结合形容词bigger和more
beautiful可知，此处用形容词vivid的比较级表示“更生动的”。故填vivider。
37.
She
sang
very
well.I've
never
heard
a
_____
(beautiful)
voice.
（所给单词适当形式填空）
【答案】more
beautiful
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：她唱得非常好。我从来没有听过比这更美的歌声。根据句意可知，此处是否定的比较级表示最高级，应用beautiful的比较级。故填more
beautiful。
38.
Lucy
doesn’t
need
to
go
on
a
diet
at
all
and
she
is
the_____（slim）girl
I
have
ever
met
in
my
life.
【答案】slimmest
【解析】考查形容词的比较级。句意：露西根本不需要节食，她是我一生中遇到的最苗条的女孩。设空处后为名词，故设空处应为形容词；根据“I
have
ever
met
in
my
life.”我曾经见过的，可知此处应为形容词的最高级。故答案为slimmest。
39.
According
to
the
research,
taking
on
a
fitness
journey
with
others
proves________(effective)
than
going
to
the
gym
alone.
【答案】more
effective
【解析】考查形容词的比较等级。句意：根据这项研究，与他人一起进行健身之旅被证明比独自去健身房更有效。根据句意和空后的than可知，空处用形容词effective的比较级。故填more
effective。
40.
The
more
you
study
math,
the
_____________
(easy)
you
will
feel.
【答案】easier
【解析】考查比较级。句意：你学的数学越多，你就会觉得越容易。此处为“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，越……”，故easy应用比较级形式easier。故填easier。
41.
Actions
speak
________
(loud)
than
words.
【答案】louder
【解析】考查比较级。句意：事实胜于雄辩。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词speak，loud本身可作为副词，意为“大声地”，再根据后文的than，可知此处用副词比较级形式，故填louder。
42.
Mr.
Wang
taught
us
to
practice
___________
(hard)
than
ever
before
and
never
give
up.
【答案】harder
【解析】考查副词比较级。句意：王老师教我们要比以前更努力练习，永不放弃。根据空后的than可知空处应填入副词的比较级形式。hard具有副词词性，意为“努力地”，故填harder。
43.
Those
people，
in
turn，
will
connect
better
with
others
and
treat
them
more
___________
（generous）.
【答案】generously
【解析】考查副词。句意：反过来，这些人将会更好地与他人联系，更加慷慨地对待他们。空格处用来修饰动词treat，副词修饰动词，“generous”的副词形式为generously，故填generously。
44.
Losing
games
taught
me
to
practise_______________(hard)
than
ever
before
and
never
give
up.
【答案】harder
【解析】考查副词比较级。句意：输掉比赛教会了我比以往任何时候都要努力练习，永不放弃。根据空后than
ever
before?可知，空处需用副词hard的比较级harder，和以前作比较级。故填harder。
45.
He
can
speak
English_____(fluent)
than
before.（用所给单词的适当形式填空）
【答案】more
fluently
【解析】考查副词比较级。句意：他英语说得比以前更流利。空处修饰动词speak，应使用副词形式fluently，结合空后的“than
before”可知，此处应使用比较级，故填more
fluently。
三、用单词的适当形式完成短文
1
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
terrible
fire
began
to
burn
at
France’s
world-famous
Notre-Dame
de
Paris
Cathedral
(巴黎圣母院)46.
the
evening
of
April
15.
Flames
could
be
seen
rising
through
the
top
of
the
monument.
47.
(it)
tall,
narrow
top
later
fell
down.
It
took
15
hours
for
400
French
firefighters
48.
(put)
out
the
fire.
49.
(fortunate),
the
main
stone
structure,
including
the
two
bell
towers,
has
been
saved,
but
there
is
little
information
on
the
condition
of
the
cathedral’s
glass
windows
and
paintings.
Notre-Dame
50.
(date)
back
to
the
12th
century.
French
writer
Victor
Hugo
used
it
as
the
setting
of
his
famous
story,
The
Hunchback
of
Notre-Dame,51.
was
first
published
in
1831.
Sitting
in
the
center
of
Paris,
along
the
Seine
River,
Notre-Dame
is
one
of
the
world’s
most
famous
tourist
52.
(site).
About
12
million
people
visit
it
each
year.
One
man
said,
“Notre-Dame
53.
(destroy)
but
the
soul
of
France
was
not.”
French
President
Emmanuel
Macron
promised
that
Notre-Dame
would
be
rebuilt
and
asked
for
worldwide
help
repairing
it.
Many
countries
offered
assistance,
because
Notre-Dame
is
part
of
the
54.
(culture)
heritage
of
mankind
and
55.
symbol
for
Europe.
【答案】
46.
on
47.
Its
48.
to
put
49.
Fortunately
50.
dates
51.
which
52.
sites
53.
was
destroyed
54.
cultural
55.
a
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要内容是法国著名的巴黎圣母院大教堂发生严重火灾，这数百年的著名建筑遭受到毁灭性的打击，着实令人惋惜。
46.
考查介词。句意：4月15日晚，法国著名的巴黎圣母院大教堂发生严重火灾。分析句子结构可知，空处填介词，再结合句意可知，空后the
evening
of
April
15是具体时间，故填on。
47.
考查代词。句意：它又高又窄的顶部后来倒了下来。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词性物质代词，再结合句意可知，此处填its表示Notre-Dame’s
tall,
narrow
top，故填Its。
48.
考查非谓语动词。句意：400名法国消防员花了15个小时才把火扑灭。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，再根据句意可知，it
takes
sb.
some
time
to
do是固定句型，意为“花费某人…时间做…”，故填to
put。
49.
考查副词。句意：幸运的是，主要的石头结构，包括两座钟楼，都被保存了下来。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词修饰空后的句子，再根据句意可知，fortunately意为“幸运地”，故填Fortunately。
50.
考查时态。句意：圣母院可以追溯到12世纪。分析句子结构可知，空处填时态，再结合语境可知，此处阐述圣母院历史追溯（date
back
to）的事实，故用一般现在时，故填dates。
51.
考查定语从句连词。分析句子结构可知，空处填关系代词引导定语从句且在从句中作主语，先行词是The
Hunchback
of
Notre-Dame，故填which。
52.
考查名词的数。句意：圣母院是世界上最著名的旅游景点之一。根据句意可知，one
of+形容词最高级+名词复数，是固定搭配，意为“最……之一”，故填sites。
53.
考查被动语态。句意：圣母院被摧毁了，但法国的灵魂却没有。分析句子结构可知，空处填谓语动词，根据语境，圣母院被毁已成为过去，故用一般过去时，又因为Notre-Dame和destroy是被动关系，故填was
destroyed。
54.
考查形容词。句意：因为圣母院是人类文化遗产的一部分，是欧洲的象征。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词，再结合句意可知，cultural意为“文化的”，符合句意，故填cultural。
55.
考查冠词。句意：因为圣母院是人类文化遗产的一部分，是欧洲的象征。分析句子结构可知，空处填冠词，再根据句意可知，此处的symbol表示泛指，故填a。
2
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have
you
ever
seen
a
painting
destroy
56.
(it)?
This
strange
event
happened
during
a
recent
auction
(拍卖)
in
London.
Girl
With
Balloon
is
one
of
the
most
well-known
works
of
British
artist
Banksy.
It
57.
(sell)
for
?1.04
million
(about
9.49
million
yuan)
at
the
Sotheby
auction
house
on
Oct
5.
However,
shortly
58.
the
hammer
(锤子)
went
down,
the
painting
began
to
slide
down
its
frame
(画框)
and
half
of
the
painting
was
cut
into
59.
(piece)!
In
fact,
there
60.
(be)
a
shredder
(碎纸机)
in
the
frame.
More
surprisingly,
the
artist
might
have
set
the
shredder
in
the
frame
himself
years
ago,
Yahoo
News
reported.
Banksy
is
known
61.
being
mysterious
and
unpredictable.
No
one
knows
his
real
name,
62.
his
paintings
are
everywhere
across
the
UK.
He
always
plays
hoaxes
(恶作剧)
on
the
art
world.
People
believe
this
is
just
another
example
of
Banksy
63.
(play)
a
trick.
They
think
he
is
against
the
commercialization
(商品化)
of
art.
However,
the
64.
(fun)
part
is
that
this
hoax
might
have
made
the
painting
more
valuable.
“(The
price
is)
possibly
as
high
as
being
worth
?2
million
(about
18.2
million
yuan)
plus,”
Joey
Syer,
65.
(found)
of
art
website
,
told
the
Guardian.
【答案】
56.
itself
57.
was
sold
58.
after
59.
pieces
60.
was
61.
for
62.
but
63.
playing
64.
funny
65.
founder
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。通过英国艺术家Banksy的画自毁的例子说明了他以神秘莫测而闻名，正是因为如此他的画有很高的价值。
56.
考查代词。句意：你见过一幅画自我毁灭吗?分析句子结构可知，destroy后缺少宾语，故此处应该填代词，再结合语境可知，此处指“画毁掉自己”，又因destroy的逻辑主语是a
painting，故此处应用反身代词，故填itself。
57.
考查被动语态。句意：10月5日，这幅画在苏富比拍卖行以104万英镑(约合949万元人民币)的价格售出。分析句子结构可知，空处填谓语动词，根据句中on
Oct5可知时态应用一般过去时，又因it和sell之间是被动关系，故此处要用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was
sold。
58.
考查时间状语从句连词。句意：然而，锤子落下后不久之后，这幅画开始从画框上滑下来，一半的画被切成了碎片!分析句子结构可知，空处填从属连词，再根据句意可知，shortly
after意为“不久以后”，故填after。
59.
考查名词复数。根据句意可知，cut
into
pieces是固定搭配，意为“切成碎片”，符合句意，故填pieces。
60.
考查主谓一致。句意：事实上，画框里有一个碎纸机。分析句子结构可知，此句是there
be句型，be动词的数取决于be动词后的名词的数，a
shredder是单数可数名词，故be动词是单数形式，再结合语境可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填was。
61.
考查固定搭配。句意：Banksy以神秘莫测而闻名。根据句意可知，be
known
for是固定搭配，意为“因……而著名”，符合句意，故填for。
62.
考查并列连词。句意：没有人知道他的真名，但他的画在英国各地都有。分析句子结构可知，空处填连词，再根据句意可知，两个分句是转折关系，故填but。
63.
考查非谓语动词。句意：人们认为这只是Banksy耍花招的又一个例子。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，又因play和逻辑主语之间是主动关系，且此处填动词-ing形式，故填playing。
64.
考查形容词。句意：然而，有趣的是，这个骗局可能使这幅画更有价值。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词。再根据句意可知，funny意为“有趣的”，符合题意，故填funny。
65.
考查名词。句意：艺术网站的创始人乔伊·西尔在接受《卫报》采访时表示。分析句子结构可知，空处填名词，与空后的内容作Joey
Syer的同位语，再结合句意可知，founder意为“创始人”，符合句意，故填founder。
