2021届高考二轮英语语法专训
02.
主谓一致
重点
主谓一致三原则★★★★★
原则
主语
谓语
语法一致原则
单数
单数
复数
复数
就近
由or、
either
...
or
...、
neither
...
nor
...、
not
only
...
but
(also)
...、
not
...
but
...等连接
与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致
一致原则
由there、
here引起的主语不止一个时
意义一致原则
由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现
单数
no/each/every/many
a＋单数名词＋and
(＋no/each/every/many
a)＋单数名词
one/every
one/each/either/the
number/the
variety
of＋复数名词
clothing、
furniture、
traffic、
jewellery、
baggage、
equipment、
luggage等无生命的不可数名词
以－s结尾的表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称的词
表示时间、重量、距离、价格、金钱、体积等复数名词表示一个整体概念
由every－、
any－、
some－、
no－和－one、
－thing、
－body等构成的不定代词
单个的动名词、动词不定式和主语从句
意义一致原则
由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念
复数
people、
police、
cattle等有生命的集体名词
一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词，如goods、
stairs、
arms等
山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等以－s结尾的专有名词
集体名词class、
family、
army、
team、
club、
company、
population、
enemy、
party、
crowd、
crew、
audience、
committee、
government、
majority、
group等强调整体时谓语用单数，指个体成员时谓语用复数
单复数视情况而定
单复数同形的名词，如means、
deer、
fish、
sheep等
all、
none、
some、
any等不定代词
“half/most/enough/part/the
rest/the
last/lots/plenty/分数/百分数＋of＋名词”做主语，谓语要和of之后的名词单复数保持一致
[核心提示]
(1)主语后接介词短语或其他插入语，如with、together
with、as
well
as、along
with、besides、like、but、except、including、rather
than等，谓语动词的人称和数与主语的人称和数保持一致。
·The
leader
and
artist
as
well
as
some
of
our
English
teachers
was
given
a
chance
to
go
abroad
last
year.
那位领导兼艺术家和我们的一些英语老师去年得到了一次出国的机会。
(2)many
a、more
than
one后加可数名词的单数形式，谓语动词用单数。
·More
than
one
student
gets
involved
in
the
activity.
不止一个学生参加了这个活动。
(3)a
quantity
of后既可接不可数名词，也可接可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数。quantities
of后无论是接复数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词均用复数形式。
·A
quantity
of
time
has
been
wasted
on
the
project.
＝Quantities
of
time
have
been
wasted
on
the
project.
大量的时间被浪费在这个项目上。
(4)“a
number
of＋复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，意为“许多”；“the
number
of＋复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，意为“……的数量”。
(5)在定语从句中，关系代词做主语，其谓语动词的数和先行词保持一致，但“one
of＋复数名词”后面的定语从句的谓语动词用复数，而在“the
(only/very)
one
of＋复数名词”后面的定语从句中，谓语动词却用单数。
(6)what引导的从句做主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；但如果从句表示复数含义，则谓语动词用复数形式。
·What
he
said
is
far
from
the
truth.
他的话与事实相差太远了。
·What
the
school
needs
are
qualified
teachers.
这个学校需要的是有能力的教师。
(单句填空)
1．(2019·天津高考)Amy,
as
well
as
her
brothers,
________
(give)
a
warm
welcome
when
returning
to
the
village
last
week.
答案与解析 was
given 句意：上周艾米和她的兄弟们回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。若主语后有“as
well
as＋名词(短语)”，则谓语动词的单复数由as
well
as前面的主语决定。此处Amy为主语，谓语动词应用单数形式；根据时间状语last
week可知，此处应用一般过去时；且主语Amy与give是被动关系，
应用一般过去时的被动语态，填was
given。
2．Since
the
United
Nations
declared
June
21
as
the
International
Day
of
Yoga
in
2014,
a
number
of
cities
in
China
________
(start)
hosting
international
yoga
festivals.
答案与解析 have
started since引导的时间状语从句谓语是一般过去时，故主句谓语用现在完成时；“a
number
of
＋复数名词”做主语，谓语动词用复数形式，填have
started。
3．I
have
been
lucky
to
have
some
amazing
teachers.
One
who
________
(stand)
out
for
me
is
Mrs.
Zhang.
答案与解析 stands who
引导的定语从句修饰先行词One,
故从句谓语动词的数应与One一致，应用单数形式，故填stands。
【
技巧】
▲核心技法回顾
1．看主语为第一、二人称还是第三人称，确定谓语动词的单复数形式。
2．看到“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”做主语，要想到谓语动词的数取决于名词的数。
3．看到there
be等结构，要用就近原则。
4．看到主语为动名词短语、不定式或从句，要想到谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
▲语法填空解题技法练习
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Of
the
nineteen
recognized
polar
bear
subpopulations,
three
are
declining,
six
________
(be)
stable,
one
is
increasing,
and
nine
lack
enough
data.
答案与解析 are 句意：在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中，有3个正在减少，6个保持稳定，1个正在增加，还有9个缺乏足够的数据。分析句子结构可知，本句由多个分句并列组成，其中设空处所在的分句的主语是six,
为复数概念，谓语应用复数，且下文的lack也是提示；本句叙述的是一般事实，
应用一般现在时，故填are。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)While
running
regularly
can't
make
you
live
forever,
the
review
says
it
(be)
more
effective
at
lengthening
life
than
walking,
cycling
or
swimming.
答案与解析 is 句意：尽管经常跑步不能使你长生不老，但是报告上说与走路、骑自行车或游泳相比，跑步对延长寿命更有效。设空处所填词在从句中做谓语，且表一种科学理论，应用一般现在时；主语it是第三人称单数，故谓语用第三人称单数形式，填is。
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Fast
food
________
(be)
full
of
fat
and
salt;
by
eating
more
fast
food
people
will
get
more
salt
and
fat
than
they
need
in
their
diet.
答案与解析 is 句意：快餐高脂肪高盐。通过吃更多快餐，人们会在他们的饮食中摄入远比他们所需的更多的盐和脂肪。此处是对客观情况的陈述，应用一般现在时；主语food是不可数名词，故谓语动词用单数形式，填is。
4．(全国卷Ⅲ)Then,
handle
the
most
important
tasks
first
so
you'll
feel
a
real
sense
of
achievement.
Leaving
the
less
important
things
until
tomorrow
________
(be)
often
acceptable.
答案与解析 is 句意：把不太重要的事情留到明天通常是可以接受的。本句主语是动名词短语“Leaving
the
less
important
things
until
tomorrow”，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；此处是陈述一般事实，谓语用一般现在时，填is。
【
能力】
一、单项选择
1.
How
nice
the
music
__________!
I
have
never
heard
a
better
piece.
A.
sounded
B.
is
sounded
C.
is
sounded
to
be
D.
sounds
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这音乐听起来多么美妙啊!我从来没有听过比这更好的曲子了。此处sound
作为连系动词，没有被动语态，且说明一个客观事实要用一般现在时，music是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。故选D
项。
2.
You,
who
_____
always
ready
to
offer
him
your
assistance
at
any
critical
moment,
are
a
true
friend
indeed.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
was
D.
were
【答案】B
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：你在任何关键时刻都愿意帮助他，你才是真正的朋友。分析句子可知，“who
_____
always
ready
to
offer
him
your
assistance
at
any
critical
moment”为非限制性定语从句，who为引导词，指代先行词You，在从句中做主语，故从句谓语动词应同先行词保持一致，主句用一般现在时，从句也应用一般现在时，主语是复数，故用are，故选B。
3.
My
father,
together
with
some
of
his
old
friends,
_________
there
already.
A.
will
be
B.
had
been
C.
has
been
D.
have
been
【答案】C
【解析】考查现在完成时及主谓一致。句意：我父亲和他的一些老朋友已经去过那里了。分析题意，题干中的“already”提示此处应用现在完成时。together
with提示此处应用“就远原则”，My
father
为句子的主语，故用单数has。综上，故选C项。
4.
The
number
of
college
graduated
______
surprisingly
large
and
a
large
number
of
them
______
unable
to
find
a
proper
job.
A.
is;
is
B.
are;
are
C.
are;
is
D.
is;
are
【答案】D
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：大学毕业的人数惊人的多，他们中的很多人无法找到一份合适的工作。第一空，the
number
of表示“……的数目”作主语时，谓语动词用单数，故用is；第二空，a
large
number
of表示“是很多、大多数”，为复数概念，作主语时，谓语动词用复数，故用are。故选D。
5.
She
was
the
only
one
of
the
girls
in
our
class
____
accepted
as
candidate
（候选人）
for
the
president
of
our
Students'
Union.
A.
who
was
B.
who
were
C.
who
has
been
D.
who
have
been
【答案】A
【解析】考查主谓一致及一般过去时。句意：她是我们班唯一一个被接受为学生会主席候选人的女生。分析题意，定语从句引导词who指代先行词she，故从句的be动词应用was。此处主句的谓语用一般过去时，故从句为一般过去时的被动语态。综上，故选A项。
6.
There
are
nearly
7000
local
languages
in
the
world,
but
only
7%
______
reflected
in
published
online
material.
A.
were
B.
was
C.
is
D.
are
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：世界上有近7000种地方语言，但只有7%的语言在网上发布的材料中得到体现。根据句子结构可知，此空需填but之后分句的谓语动词，谓语动词的单复数取决于百分数修饰的名词，名词为7000
local
languages，所以谓语动词用复数。根据there
are可知，本句是一般现在时，描述一个客观的事实，故选D项。
7.
Even
to
this
day,
Lincoln
_________
as
one
of
the
most
inspiring
figures
in
the
world.
A.
regards
B.
has
regarded
C.
regarding
D.
is
regarded
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：直到今天，林肯仍被认为是世界上最鼓舞人心的人物之一。根据时间状语this
day及语境可知此处描述的是现在的一个事实，且主语Lincoln
与regard之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，结合主谓一致。故选D。
8.
_______
is
known
to
all
is
that
the
outstanding
academic
atmosphere,
as
well
as
various
festivals
and
sports,
_________
many
students
to
our
school.
A.
What
…draws
B.
Which…draw
C.
It…
draw
D.
As…
draws
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词性从句和主谓一致。句意：众所周知，优秀的学术氛围，以及各种节日和体育活动，吸引了很多学生来我们学校。分析句子可知，第一空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，所以连接词what；as
well
as
连接两个主语，谓语动词的形式由前一个主语决定，因此draw
的形式是有主语the
outstanding
academic
atmosphere确定的，结合语境可知，此处为一般现在时，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选A。
9.
The
police____to
the
spot____order
immediately.
A.
was
sent;
to
keep
B.
were
sent;
keeping
C.
was
sent;
keeping
D.
were
sent;
to
keep
【答案】D
【解析】考查主谓一致，被动语态和不定式。句意：警察立即被派往现场维持秩序。结合句意，主语the
police和谓语动词send之间是被动关系，需要用被动语态，the
police是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。结合句意，警察是被派往去维持秩序的，所以维持秩序是目的，用不定式表示目的。故选D项。
10.
The
news
of
the
earthquake
when
a
large
quantity
of
relief
supplies
______
to
the
disaster-stricken
area.
A.
has
hardly
been
spread;
was
delivered
B.
was
hardly
spread;
were
delivered
C.
had
hardly
spread;
were
delivered
D.
had
hardly
spread;
was
delivered
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：地震的消息一传开，大量的救灾物资被运送到灾区。第一空，为固定句式hardly…when…表示“一……就……”，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；第二空，从句应用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用一般过去时态的被动语态，主语是a
large
quantity
of
relief
supplies，后面的谓语动词用单数形式。故选D。
11.
He
________
a
film
tomorrow
morning.
A.
is
going
to
see
B.
will
be
going
to
C.
is
going
to
seeing
D.
was
going
to
see
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：他明天早上打算去看电影。根据后文“tomorrow
morning”可知应用一般将来时，且表示事先考虑过的将要发生的动作，意为“打算；就要”应用be
going
to
do
sth.，主语为he，be动词用is。故选A。
12.
Every
means
_____________
tried
but
without
any
result.
A.
have
been
B.
has
been
C.
are
to
be
D.
is
to
be
【答案】B
【解析】考查主谓一致和现在完成时。句意：每种方法都尝试过，但没有结果。句中名词means“方式，方法”，是单复数同形的词，谓语动词的单复数要根据means的单复数确定；因为是Every
means“每种方式”，所以谓语动词用单数；且根据句意，每种方式已被试过，但没有多大效果，即过去的动作对现在造成的影响，所以用现在完成时态。故选B。
13.
Nowadays,
cycling,
along
with
jogging
and
swimming,
________
as
one
of
the
best
all-round
forms
of
exercise.
A.
is
regarded
B.
regard
C.
are
regard
D.
regards
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：目前，骑自行车，以及慢跑和游泳，被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。along
with“和，随同”适用就远原则，谓语动词应和该短语前的名词保持一致，动名词cycling作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，且它和regard之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。
14.
One
in
eleven
children
______
not
studying.
You
should
be
grateful
if
you
are
one
of
the
lucky
ones
at
senior
high
school.
A.
are
B.
was
C.
is
D.
were
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：11个孩子中就有一个不学习。如果你是高中的幸运儿，你应该心存感激。分析句子可知空处为句子的谓语，由句意描述客观事实可知，时态应使用一般现在时；主语“11个孩子之一”为单数，根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词用三单形式，故选C项。
15.
The
crime
______
looked
into
carefully
before
he
______
charged
with
murder.
A.
/;
/
B.
/;
was
C.
was;
/
D.
was;
was
【答案】D
【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：在他被指控谋杀之前，这起罪行被仔细调查。
分析句子可知，主语The
crime与谓语动词looked
into是被动关系，主语是第三人称单数，故第一空填was；第二空主语he与谓语动词charge是被动关系，由charged以及主语he是第三人称单数推断填was。故选D。
16.
Since
Yuan
Longping
graduated
from
university,
finding
ways
to
grow
more
rice______
his
life
goal.
A.
was
B.
were
C.
has
been
D.
have
been
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：袁隆平大学毕业后，想方设法种植更多的水稻一直是他的人生目标。根据时间状语“Since
Yuan
Longping
graduated
from
university（袁隆平大学毕业后）”，可知，应用现在完成时态，且主语为动名词短语“finding
ways
to
grow
more
rice”，应用第三人称单数形式。故选C项。
17.
The
prices
of
meat
______
greatly
with
seasons.
A.
varies
B.
various
C.
vary
D.
variety
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态主谓一致。句意：肉的价格随季节变化很大。various形容词，意为“各种各样的”，variety名词，意为“多样，种类”，而vary动词，意为“变化，改变”。此处缺少谓语动词，且陈述的是事实，所以本句为一般现在时。根据主语为The
prices
of
meat“肉的价格”，prices为复数，可知谓语动词要用复数形式。故选C项。
18.
A
brief
History
of
Mathematics__________in
1988
and
has
been
translated
into
more
than
40
languages
ever
since.
A.
was
published
B.
were
published
C.
have
been
published
D.
has
been
published
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：《数学简史》于1988年出版，至今已被翻译成40多种语言。根据后文in
1988可知应用一般过去时，主语A
brief
History
of
Mathematics与谓语动词publish构成被动关系，为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为A
brief
History
of
Mathematics，be动词应用单数。故选A。
19.
In
many
developed
countries，the
rich
________richer,
the
poor
poorer，which
________a
social
problem.
A.
becomes；are
B.
are
becoming；is
C.
became；is
D.
is
becoming；is
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态/主谓一致。句意：在许多发达国家，富人正在变得越来越富，穷人越来越穷，这是一个社会问题。分析句子结构可知，设空两处缺少谓语动词。第一空主语为定冠词the+形容词表示一类人，the
rich表示“富人”，复数，根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词用复数，由语境“正在变得……”可知时态为现在进行时；第二空为定语从句，主语为which，指代先行词“富人正在变得越来越富，穷人越来越穷”这件事，谓语动词应用单数，句意描述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，结合选项，故选B项。
20.
I
have
visited
a
lot
of
countries
and
stayed
in
many
different
five-star
hotels,
but
none
of
them
_______
this
one.
A.
matches
B.
beats
C.
compares
D.
beat
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析和主谓一致。句意：我去过很多国家，住过很多不同的五星级酒店，但没有一家能和这家相提并论。A.
matches敌得过，比得上；B.
beats打败，拍打；C.
compares比较；D.
beat打败，拍打。根据上文“I
have
visited
a
lot
of
countries
and
stayed
in
many
different
five-star
hotels,
but
none
of
them”可知，此处指没有一家酒店比得上这一家酒店，应用match；时态为一般现在时，none
of
+
复数名词/代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。故选A。
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1.
It
is
I
who______(be)
to
blame
for
the
accident.
【答案】am
【解析】考查强调句型。句意：我该为这次事故负责。根据It
is可知，应用一般现在时；be
to
blame
(for
sth.)意为“（对某事）负有责任”，主语是I，因此系动词使用am，且It
is
(was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who
(that)...是固定句型。故填am。
2.
It
is
a
well-known
fact
that
water_______(freeze)at
0℃.
【答案】freezes
【解析】考查时态。句意：水在零摄氏度结冰是一个众人皆知的事实。分析可知，设空处为同位语从句的谓语动词，结合语境和上文的is可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语water不可数，故谓语动词用单数形式。故填freezes。
3.
I
think
it
is
the
manager,
rather
than
the
workers,
that______(be)
to
blame.
【答案】is
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：我认为是经理而非雇员应该承担责任。分析句子可知，it
is...
that...在本句中是强调句型，去掉后可以看出从句的主语是the
manager，设空处是谓语，应用单数形式；根据it
is可知，应用一般现在时。故填is。
4.There________plenty
of
cupboard
space
in
the
kitchen
for
all
your
pots
and
pans.
【答案】is
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：厨房里有足够的橱柜空间放你所有的锅碗瓢盆。此处是there
be句型，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，动词be后所接的名词是不可数名词space，be
应该取单数is。故填is。
5.
At
that
time,
small
amounts
of
land_________(use)
for
keeping
animals.
【答案】were
used
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：那时，少量土地被用来饲养动物。分析句子可知，主语small
amounts
of
land与动词use构成动宾关系，应用被动语态；由时间状语at
that
time可知，应用一般过去时；amounts
of修饰主语时，谓语动词使用复数。故填were
used。
6.
It
is
the
first
time
the
technique
______
(use)
to
document
how
the
brain
processes
grammar
and
produces
words.
【答案】has
been
used
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：这是该技术第一次被用来记录大脑是如何处理语法和产生单词的。分析可知，此处为固定句型It
is
the
first
time
(that)
sb./sth.
have/has
done“某人/物第一次做某事”，应用现在完成时；主语the
technique和use之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态：have/has
been
done；主语是单数，助动词用has。故填has
been
used。
7.
The
television
camera
_________（link）to
a
computer.
【答案】is
linked
【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：电视摄像机与电脑相连。be
linked
to“与……相连”，是固定短语，根据句意，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故填is
linked。
8.
Thanks
to
the
quick
response
of
the
medical
team,
the
injured
___________(be)
sent
to
hospital
really
soon
after
the
accident
happened.
【答案】were
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：多亏了医疗队的迅速反应，事故发生后伤员很快就被送到了医院。根据后文的happened，可知此处是描述过去发生的事情，需要用一般过去时态，主语是the
injured，the+形容词表示一类人，是复数，所以此处be动词需要用复数形式，故填were。
9.
Hundreds
of
houses
in
the
area
_______(damage)
by
the
storm
last
week.
【答案】were
damaged
【解析】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：上周这一地区有数百所房屋被暴风雨毁坏。由时间状语last
week可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，因为房屋被毁坏，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were
done，主语是复数houses，所以此处be动词需用were。故填were
damaged。
10.
--Each
of
the
students,
working
hard
at
his
or
her
lessons,
________(hope)
to
go
to
university.
--So
do
I.
【答案】hopes
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：每个学生都在努力学习功课，希望能上大学。分析句子结构，空处缺少谓语动词，根据语境和下文的do可知，此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为Each
of
the
students，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填hopes。
11.
Financial
problems
of
the
company
_________(discuss)
for
nearly
two
hours.
【答案】have
been
discussed
【解析】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：公司的财务问题已经讨论了近两个小时。分析句子结构，缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语“for
nearly
two
hours”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语“Financial
problems
of
the
company”和discuss为被动关系，需用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数名词，助动词使用have。故填have
been
discussed。
12.
The
teacher
and
writer
__________(be)
respected
by
all
the
people.
【答案】is
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这位教师兼作家受到所有人的尊敬。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，此处and连接的两个名词，表示同一概念，遵循意义一致原则。谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
13.
Many
a
way
____________
(use)
to
prevent
the
pollution,
but
the
sky
is
still
not
clear.
【答案】has
been
used
【解析】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：已经用了许多方法来防止污染，但天空仍然不清澈。分析句子结构，缺少谓语动词，主语way和use为被动关系，且此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响，使用现在完成时的被动语态，其基本构成形式是：have/has
been
done，主语有many
a修饰，助动词使用has。故填has
been
used。
14.
Nobody
but
Tom
and
Jane
_________(be)
there
last
weekend.
【答案】was
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：上周末只有汤姆和简在那里。根据句中时间状语last
weekend可知，用一般过去时。but
“除了”连接主语时，谓语动词与较远的主语保持一致。根据句意，故填was。
15.
When
and
where
we'll
hold
the
meeting
_______
not
been
decided.
【答案】has
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们何时何地开会还没有决定。分析句子可知When
and
where
we'll
hold
the
meeting
作主语，空格上应填谓语动词，When
and
where作为一个整体引导主语从句，谓语动词用单数形式，再根据下文not
been
decided以及前半句的时态可知应用现在完成时，所以应填has。故填has。
16.
Don't
worry!
Measures___
___
___（take）at
present
to
stop
such
a
thing
from
happening
again.
【答案】are
being
taken
【解析】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：别担心!目前正在采取措施防止这样的事情再次发生。根据时间状语at
present
可知，空处谓语动词需用现在进行时态，表示当前正在进行的动作，因为措施是被采取，所以空处谓语动词需用现在进行时态的被动语态：be
being
done，主语是复数measures，所以此处be动词需用are。故填①are②being③taken。
17.
Our
workout
rooms______(update)
with
modern
equipment
in
the
past
few
years.
【答案】have
been
updated
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几年里，我们的健身房更新了现代化设备。根据时间状语in
the
past
few
years可知，用现在完成时，主语Our
workout
rooms是复数，与谓语动词update是被动关系，用被动语态。故填have
been
updated。
18.
Most
people
present
at
the
meeting________(affect)by
his
speech
yesterday.
【答案】were
affected
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：昨天出席会议的大多数人都受到他的演讲的影响。根据句中“yesterday”可知，句子陈述的是发生在过去的事，且句子主语“Most
people”与“affect”之间为被动关系，即大多数人被影响，故句子为一般过去时的被动语态，“people”为集合名词，与were连用，“affect”意为“影响”，动词词性，过去分词为affected。故填were
affected。
19.
The
poet
and
writer______(be)
very
popular
with
us
at
present.
【答案】is
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：这位诗人兼作家现在很受我们欢迎。主语The
poet
and
writer指一个人，是单数，由时间状语at
present可知，用一般现在时，故填is。
20.
Every
boy
and
every
girl______(have
)
the
right
to
join
the
club.
【答案】has
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：每个男孩和女孩都有权加入俱乐部。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。由every修饰的名词做主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。根据句意，故填has。
21.
We
all
know
that
our
products
_______（threaten）by
imported
goods
at
present.
【答案】are
being
threatened
【解析】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：我们都知道，目前我们的产品正受到进口商品的威胁。根据时间状语at
present可知，空处谓语动词需用现在进行时态，因为被受到威胁，所以空处谓语动词需用现在进行时态的被动语态：be
being
done，宾语从句的主语是复数our
products，所以此处be动词需用are。故填are
being
threatened。
22.
Nowadays
the
number
of
students
who
take
after-school
classes_________（get）larger.
【答案】is
getting
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：现在，参加课外班的学生人数越来越多。根据时间状语nowadays，可知句子是叙述现阶段的情况，应用现在进行时；the
number
of
表示“……数目”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is
getting。
23.
The
Amazon
Rainforest________
(destroy)
at
an
alarming
rate
and
we
humans
really
need
to
work
together
to
protect
it
right
now.
【答案】is
being
destroyed
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：亚马逊雨林正在以惊人的速度被破坏，我们人类现在真的需要共同努力来保护它。根据时间状语
right
now可知，空处谓语动词需用现在进行时态，表示当前正在进行的动作，因为是被破坏，所以空处谓语动词需用现在进行时态的被动语态：be
being
done，主语是单数The
Amazon
Rainforest，所以be动词需用is。故填is
being
destroyed。
24.
Any
student
who
______（cheat）in
the
examination
will
be
punished.
【答案】cheats
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：任何在考试中作弊的学生都将受到惩罚。分析句子可知，空格处是who引导的定语从句中的谓语，关系代词who代指先行词Any
student，为第三人称单数，根据句意，应用一般现在时，主谓一致，故填cheats。
25.
Many
graduates
_____(employ)
in
the
electronics
and
computing
industries
now.
【答案】are
employed
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：现在许多毕业生在电子和计算机行业工作。谓语动词employ“雇佣”和主语Many
graduates是被动关系，应用被动语态，结构为be+动词的过去分词，根据句意，用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，主谓一致，故填are
employed。
26.
Among
them_______
(be)
special
windows
that
are
resistant
to
dirt
and
water.
【答案】are
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：其中有一种特殊的窗户，可以防止灰尘和水进入。本句考查“介词短语
+
主谓倒装
”结构。主语为
special
windows，所以谓语动词用复数are。故填are。
27.
Teachers
play
an
important
role
in
society
and
to
a
certain
degree,
communities
across
the
country
______（strength）due
to
their
hard
work.
【答案】are
strengthened
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：教师在社会中发挥着重要作用，在一定程度上，全国各地的社区都因他们的辛勤工作而得到加强。分析句子可知，空格处应为谓语动词，strength的动词形式为strengthen，与主语communities之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结构为be+动词的过去分词，根据前文“play”可知，应用一般现在时，因主语为复数名词，主谓一致，故填are
strengthened。
28.
Britain
as
well
as
many
other
industrial
countries,
________(experience)major
changes
over
the
last
100years.
【答案】has
experienced/has
been
experiencing
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：跟很多的工业化国家一样，在过去的一百年中，英国已经经历了巨大的改变。根据时间状语over
the
last
100
years可知，该句为现在完成时（have/has+过去分词）或现在完成进行时（have/has+been+现在分词），因主语Britain为第三人称单数，主谓语法一致，故填has
experienced/has
been
experiencing。
29.
Mr.
Smith,
along
with
his
students,
________
(work)
on
the
project
day
and
night
to
finish
the
task
ahead
of
time.
【答案】is
working
/has
been
working
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：史密斯先生和他的学生们日日夜夜都在为这个项目工作，以提前完成任务。当主语中有along
with短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，结合句意可知谓语动词用现在进行时或者现在完成进行时，故填is
working
/has
been
working。
30.
The
boy
studies
carefully
and
____________
(concentrate)
his
mind
on
his
homework.
【答案】concentrates
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：那个男孩认真学习，把心思集中在自己的作业上。根据studies可知，应该用一般现在时。主语the
boy是单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填concentrates。
三、语法填空
1
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或填入括号内单词的正确形式。
I
felt
butterflies
in
my
stomach
when
I
started
calligraphy
class
ten
years
ago.
I
wondered
what
I
was
doing
there.
At
that
moment,
I
couldn't
have
known
that
I'd
just
made
one
of
the
best
31.
(choose)
of
my
life.
I
sat
down
and
listened
to
the
teacher
introducing
the
tools
of
the
craft.
Then
32.
was
the
first
time
for
me
that
I
had
tried
my
hand.
I
took
up
the
brush,
using
the
correct
gesture,
33.
(dip)
it
in
the
ink,
and
carefully
wrote
"one"
34.
Chinese.
Over
35.
past
five
years,
I
have
learned
to
make
versions
of
well-known
poems.
Calligraphy
seemed
like
a
bridge,
36.
connected
me
to
authors
from
centuries
past.
Stroke(笔画)
by
stroke,
word
by
word,
I
could
feel
their
emotions,
cherished
my
own
peace
and
learned
37.
(appreciate)
my
daily
life.
Now,
calligraphy
is
not
just
a
hobby,
38.
a
way
to
remove
myself
from
the
worries
of
life.
Rolling
out
the
paper,
I
can
write
for
a
whole
day.
Calligraphy
39.
(able)
me
to
balance
my
busy
schedule
and
live
40.
(peace).
【答案】
31.
choices
32.
it
33.
dipped
34.
in
35.
the
36.
which
37.
to
appreciate
38.
but
39.
enables
40.
peacefully
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者从初上书法课的迷茫，到书法课成为自己身边必不可少的一部分的心理历程。
31.
考查名词的数。分析句子结构可知，one
of
the
best后加名词复数，表示“最好的……之一”，故填choices。
32.
考查固定句型。分析句子结构可知，it
is/was
the+序数词+time
that是固定句型，意为“这是第几次……”，故填it。
33.
考查时态。句意：我拿起画笔，用正确的手势蘸了蘸墨水，小心翼翼地用中文写着“一”。结合句意可知，句中的三个动作take
up,
dip,
write是连贯的、并列的，故时态一致，故填dipped。
34.
考查介词。句意：小心翼翼地用中文写着“一”。分析句子结构可知，空处填介词，表示“用……门语言”用介词in，故填in。
35.
考查冠词。句意：在过去的五年里，我学会了翻译一些著名的诗歌。over
the
past
five
years意为“在过去的五年里”，表示特指，故填the。
36.
考查定语从句连词。分析句子结构可知，空处填关系代词，在从句中作主语，先行词是a
bridge，故填which。
37.
考查动词的固定结构。句意：我可以感受到他们的情绪，珍惜自己的平静，学会欣赏我的日常生活。learn
to
do
sth.意为“学做……”，故填to
appreciate。
38.
考查并列连词。句意：现在，书法不仅仅是一种爱好，而是一种让自己摆脱生活烦恼的方式。根据句意可知，not…but…意为“不是……而是……”，故填but。
39.
考查时态和主谓一致。根据句子结构可知，空处填时态，结合语境，此处用一般现在时，且主语是calligraphy，故填enables。
40.
考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词，修饰动词live，故填peacefully。
2
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The
Hong
Kong-zhuhai-macao
Bridge
opened
to
the
public
on
23rd
October
2018.It
is
the
world's
41.
(long）cross-sea
bridge.It
42.
（connect）Hong
Kong
and
Macao
to
the
mainland
Chinese
city
of
Zhuhai.
The
bridge
is
55
kilometres
long
and
is
expected
to
be
in
use
for
about
one
hundred
43.
（year）.The
building
of
the
bridge
began
in
December
2009
and
it
took
nine
years
44.
(complete）.About
50,000
workers,
engineers
and
designers
from
the
Chinese
mainland
and
Hong
Kong
and
Macao
played
45.
part
in
the
building
of
the
bridge.
The
Y-shaped
bridge,
46.
（start）from
Lantau
Island
in
Hong
Kong
and
branching
（分岔）out
to
Zhuhai
and
Macao,
cuts
the
travel
time
between
Hong
Kong
and
Zhuhai
to
thirty
minutes
.
“It
used
to
take
more
than
four
hours
to
go
to
Zhuhai
on
wheels,
47.
now
it
is
just
half
an
hour's
drive
on
the
bridge
"said
a
driver
who
48.
.（travel）between
Hong
Kong
and
Guangdong
for
years.
As
a
joint
project
between
Hong
Kong,
Macao
and
Guangdong,
the
bridge
49.
(consider
）to
be
an
engineering
wonder.
The
bridge
serves
50.
a
bond
between
Hong
Kong,
Macao
and
some
Guangdong
cities.It
is
a"symbol
of
the
Greater
Bay
Area,
"said
a
Hong
Kong
official.
【答案】
41.
longest
42.
connects
43.
years
44.
to
complete
45.
a
46.
starting
47.
but
48.
has
travelled
49.
is
considered
50.
as
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍珠港澳大桥。
41.
考查最高级。句意：它是世界上最长的跨海大桥。根据the可知句子用形容词最高级，故填longest。
42.
考查一般现在时态和主谓一致。句意：它连接香港、澳门和中国大陆城市珠海。此处指一种客观事实，句子用一般现在时态，且主语是it，单数第三人称，故填connects。
43.
考查名词复数。句意：这座桥有55公里长，预计将使用100年左右。根据one
hundred可知后面的名词用复数形式，故填years。
44.
考查动词不定式作主语。句意：大桥的建设始于2009年12月，历时9年完成。固定句式：It
takes
somebody
some
time
to
do
sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”。此处it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to
complete。
45.
考查固定搭配。句意：来自中国大陆和香港、澳门的大约5万名工人、工程师和设计师参与了大桥的建设。固定搭配：play
a
part
in“参与，起作用”。故填a。
46.
考查现在分词做定语。句意：这座Y形大桥从香港的大屿山出发，延伸到珠海和澳门，将香港和珠海之间的旅行时间缩短到30分钟。此处句子主语The
Y-shaped
bridge和start之间是主动关系，是现在分词作定语，故填starting。
47.
考查并列连词。句意：一位多年往返于香港和广东两地的司机表示:“过去，坐轮渡去珠海需要4个多小时，但现在只要半小时的车程。”此处前后是一种转折关系，故填but。
48.
考查现在完成时态。句意：一位多年往返于香港和广东两地的司机表示:“过去，坐轮渡去珠海需要4个多小时，但现在只要半小时的车程。”根据for
years可知句子用现在完成时态，且主语是a
driver，单数第三人称，故填has
travelled。
49.
考查一般现在时态的被动语态。句意：作为香港、澳门和广东之间的一个联合项目，大桥被认为是一个工程奇迹。这是一个客观事实，且句子主语the
bridge
和谓语动词consider之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时态的被动语态，故填is
considered。
50.
考查固定搭配。句意：这座大桥是连接香港、澳门和一些广东城市的纽带。固定搭配：serve
as“担任，充当”。故填as。2021届高考二轮英语语法专训
02.
主谓一致
重点
主谓一致三原则★★★★★
原则
主语
谓语
语法一致原则
单数
单数
复数
复数
就近
由or、
either
...
or
...、
neither
...
nor
...、
not
only
...
but
(also)
...、
not
...
but
...等连接
与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致
一致原则
由there、
here引起的主语不止一个时
意义一致原则
由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现
单数
no/each/every/many
a＋单数名词＋and
(＋no/each/every/many
a)＋单数名词
one/every
one/each/either/the
number/the
variety
of＋复数名词
clothing、
furniture、
traffic、
jewellery、
baggage、
equipment、
luggage等无生命的不可数名词
以－s结尾的表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称的词
表示时间、重量、距离、价格、金钱、体积等复数名词表示一个整体概念
由every－、
any－、
some－、
no－和－one、
－thing、
－body等构成的不定代词
单个的动名词、动词不定式和主语从句
意义一致原则
由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念
复数
people、
police、
cattle等有生命的集体名词
一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词，如goods、
stairs、
arms等
山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等以－s结尾的专有名词
集体名词class、
family、
army、
team、
club、
company、
population、
enemy、
party、
crowd、
crew、
audience、
committee、
government、
majority、
group等强调整体时谓语用单数，指个体成员时谓语用复数
单复数视情况而定
单复数同形的名词，如means、
deer、
fish、
sheep等
all、
none、
some、
any等不定代词
“half/most/enough/part/the
rest/the
last/lots/plenty/分数/百分数＋of＋名词”做主语，谓语要和of之后的名词单复数保持一致
[核心提示]
(1)主语后接介词短语或其他插入语，如with、together
with、as
well
as、along
with、besides、like、but、except、including、rather
than等，谓语动词的人称和数与主语的人称和数保持一致。
·The
leader
and
artist
as
well
as
some
of
our
English
teachers
was
given
a
chance
to
go
abroad
last
year.
那位领导兼艺术家和我们的一些英语老师去年得到了一次出国的机会。
(2)many
a、more
than
one后加可数名词的单数形式，谓语动词用单数。
·More
than
one
student
gets
involved
in
the
activity.
不止一个学生参加了这个活动。
(3)a
quantity
of后既可接不可数名词，也可接可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数。quantities
of后无论是接复数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词均用复数形式。
·A
quantity
of
time
has
been
wasted
on
the
project.
＝Quantities
of
time
have
been
wasted
on
the
project.
大量的时间被浪费在这个项目上。
(4)“a
number
of＋复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，意为“许多”；“the
number
of＋复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，意为“……的数量”。
(5)在定语从句中，关系代词做主语，其谓语动词的数和先行词保持一致，但“one
of＋复数名词”后面的定语从句的谓语动词用复数，而在“the
(only/very)
one
of＋复数名词”后面的定语从句中，谓语动词却用单数。
(6)what引导的从句做主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；但如果从句表示复数含义，则谓语动词用复数形式。
·What
he
said
is
far
from
the
truth.
他的话与事实相差太远了。
·What
the
school
needs
are
qualified
teachers.
这个学校需要的是有能力的教师。
(单句填空)
1．(2019·天津高考)Amy,
as
well
as
her
brothers,
________
(give)
a
warm
welcome
when
returning
to
the
village
last
week.
2．Since
the
United
Nations
declared
June
21
as
the
International
Day
of
Yoga
in
2014,
a
number
of
cities
in
China
________
(start)
hosting
international
yoga
festivals.
3．I
have
been
lucky
to
have
some
amazing
teachers.
One
who
________
(stand)
out
for
me
is
Mrs.
Zhang.
【
技巧】
▲核心技法回顾
1．看主语为第一、二人称还是第三人称，确定谓语动词的单复数形式。
2．看到“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”做主语，要想到谓语动词的数取决于名词的数。
3．看到there
be等结构，要用就近原则。
4．看到主语为动名词短语、不定式或从句，要想到谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
▲语法填空解题技法练习
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Of
the
nineteen
recognized
polar
bear
subpopulations,
three
are
declining,
six
________
(be)
stable,
one
is
increasing,
and
nine
lack
enough
data.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)While
running
regularly
can't
make
you
live
forever,
the
review
says
it
(be)
more
effective
at
lengthening
life
than
walking,
cycling
or
swimming.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Fast
food
________
(be)
full
of
fat
and
salt;
by
eating
more
fast
food
people
will
get
more
salt
and
fat
than
they
need
in
their
diet.
4．(全国卷Ⅲ)Then,
handle
the
most
important
tasks
first
so
you'll
feel
a
real
sense
of
achievement.
Leaving
the
less
important
things
until
tomorrow
________
(be)
often
acceptable.
【
能力】
一、单项选择
1.
How
nice
the
music
__________!
I
have
never
heard
a
better
piece.
A.
sounded
B.
is
sounded
C.
is
sounded
to
be
D.
sounds
2.
You,
who
_____
always
ready
to
offer
him
your
assistance
at
any
critical
moment,
are
a
true
friend
indeed.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
was
D.
were
3.
My
father,
together
with
some
of
his
old
friends,
_________
there
already.
A.
will
be
B.
had
been
C.
has
been
D.
have
been
4.
The
number
of
college
graduated
______
surprisingly
large
and
a
large
number
of
them
______
unable
to
find
a
proper
job.
A.
is;
is
B.
are;
are
C.
are;
is
D.
is;
are
5.
She
was
the
only
one
of
the
girls
in
our
class
____
accepted
as
candidate
（候选人）
for
the
president
of
our
Students'
Union.
A.
who
was
B.
who
were
C.
who
has
been
D.
who
have
been
6.
There
are
nearly
7000
local
languages
in
the
world,
but
only
7%
______
reflected
in
published
online
material.
A.
were
B.
was
C.
is
D.
are
7.
Even
to
this
day,
Lincoln
_________
as
one
of
the
most
inspiring
figures
in
the
world.
A.
regards
B.
has
regarded
C.
regarding
D.
is
regarded
8.
_______
is
known
to
all
is
that
the
outstanding
academic
atmosphere,
as
well
as
various
festivals
and
sports,
_________
many
students
to
our
school.
A.
What
…draws
B.
Which…draw
C.
It…
draw
D.
As…
draws
9.
The
police____to
the
spot____order
immediately.
A.
was
sent;
to
keep
B.
were
sent;
keeping
C.
was
sent;
keeping
D.
were
sent;
to
keep
10.
The
news
of
the
earthquake
when
a
large
quantity
of
relief
supplies
______
to
the
disaster-stricken
area.
A.
has
hardly
been
spread;
was
delivered
B.
was
hardly
spread;
were
delivered
C.
had
hardly
spread;
were
delivered
D.
had
hardly
spread;
was
delivered
11.
He
________
a
film
tomorrow
morning.
A.
is
going
to
see
B.
will
be
going
to
C.
is
going
to
seeing
D.
was
going
to
see
12.
Every
means
_____________
tried
but
without
any
result.
A.
have
been
B.
has
been
C.
are
to
be
D.
is
to
be
13.
Nowadays,
cycling,
along
with
jogging
and
swimming,
________
as
one
of
the
best
all-round
forms
of
exercise.
A.
is
regarded
B.
regard
C.
are
regard
D.
regards
14.
One
in
eleven
children
______
not
studying.
You
should
be
grateful
if
you
are
one
of
the
lucky
ones
at
senior
high
school.
A.
are
B.
was
C.
is
D.
were
15.
The
crime
______
looked
into
carefully
before
he
______
charged
with
murder.
A.
/;
/
B.
/;
was
C.
was;
/
D.
was;
was
16.
Since
Yuan
Longping
graduated
from
university,
finding
ways
to
grow
more
rice______
his
life
goal.
A.
was
B.
were
C.
has
been
D.
have
been
17.
The
prices
of
meat
______
greatly
with
seasons.
A.
varies
B.
various
C.
vary
D.
variety
18.
A
brief
History
of
Mathematics__________in
1988
and
has
been
translated
into
more
than
40
languages
ever
since.
A.
was
published
B.
were
published
C.
have
been
published
D.
has
been
published
19.
In
many
developed
countries，the
rich
________richer,
the
poor
poorer，which
________a
social
problem.
A.
becomes；are
B.
are
becoming；is
C.
became；is
D.
is
becoming；is
20.
I
have
visited
a
lot
of
countries
and
stayed
in
many
different
five-star
hotels,
but
none
of
them
_______
this
one.
A.
matches
B.
beats
C.
compares
D.
beat
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1.
It
is
I
who______(be)
to
blame
for
the
accident.
2.
It
is
a
well-known
fact
that
water_______(freeze)at
0℃.
3.
I
think
it
is
the
manager,
rather
than
the
workers,
that______(be)
to
blame.
4.There________plenty
of
cupboard
space
in
the
kitchen
for
all
your
pots
and
pans.
5.
At
that
time,
small
amounts
of
land_________(use)
for
keeping
animals.
6.
It
is
the
first
time
the
technique
______
(use)
to
document
how
the
brain
processes
grammar
and
produces
words.
7.
The
television
camera
_________（link）to
a
computer.
8.
Thanks
to
the
quick
response
of
the
medical
team,
the
injured
___________(be)
sent
to
hospital
really
soon
after
the
accident
happened.
9.
Hundreds
of
houses
in
the
area
_______(damage)
by
the
storm
last
week.
10.
--Each
of
the
students,
working
hard
at
his
or
her
lessons,
________(hope)
to
go
to
university.
--So
do
I.
11.
Financial
problems
of
the
company
_________(discuss)
for
nearly
two
hours.
12.
The
teacher
and
writer
__________(be)
respected
by
all
the
people.
13.
Many
a
way
____________
(use)
to
prevent
the
pollution,
but
the
sky
is
still
not
clear.
14.
Nobody
but
Tom
and
Jane
_________(be)
there
last
weekend.
15.
When
and
where
we'll
hold
the
meeting
_______
not
been
decided.
16.
Don't
worry!
Measures___
___
___（take）at
present
to
stop
such
a
thing
from
happening
again.
17.
Our
workout
rooms______(update)
with
modern
equipment
in
the
past
few
years.
18.
Most
people
present
at
the
meeting________(affect)by
his
speech
yesterday.
19.
The
poet
and
writer______(be)
very
popular
with
us
at
present.
20.
Every
boy
and
every
girl______(have
)
the
right
to
join
the
club.
21.
We
all
know
that
our
products
_______（threaten）by
imported
goods
at
present.
22.
Nowadays
the
number
of
students
who
take
after-school
classes_________（get）larger.
23.
The
Amazon
Rainforest________
(destroy)
at
an
alarming
rate
and
we
humans
really
need
to
work
together
to
protect
it
right
now.
24.
Any
student
who
______（cheat）in
the
examination
will
be
punished.
25.
Many
graduates
_____(employ)
in
the
electronics
and
computing
industries
now.
26.
Among
them_______
(be)
special
windows
that
are
resistant
to
dirt
and
water.
27.
Teachers
play
an
important
role
in
society
and
to
a
certain
degree,
communities
across
the
country
______（strength）due
to
their
hard
work.
28.
Britain
as
well
as
many
other
industrial
countries,
________(experience)major
changes
over
the
last
100years.
29.
Mr.
Smith,
along
with
his
students,
________
(work)
on
the
project
day
and
night
to
finish
the
task
ahead
of
time.
30.
The
boy
studies
carefully
and
____________
(concentrate)
his
mind
on
his
homework.
三、语法填空
1
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或填入括号内单词的正确形式。
I
felt
butterflies
in
my
stomach
when
I
started
calligraphy
class
ten
years
ago.
I
wondered
what
I
was
doing
there.
At
that
moment,
I
couldn't
have
known
that
I'd
just
made
one
of
the
best
31.
(choose)
of
my
life.
I
sat
down
and
listened
to
the
teacher
introducing
the
tools
of
the
craft.
Then
32.
was
the
first
time
for
me
that
I
had
tried
my
hand.
I
took
up
the
brush,
using
the
correct
gesture,
33.
(dip)
it
in
the
ink,
and
carefully
wrote
"one"
34.
Chinese.
Over
35.
past
five
years,
I
have
learned
to
make
versions
of
well-known
poems.
Calligraphy
seemed
like
a
bridge,
36.
connected
me
to
authors
from
centuries
past.
Stroke(笔画)
by
stroke,
word
by
word,
I
could
feel
their
emotions,
cherished
my
own
peace
and
learned
37.
(appreciate)
my
daily
life.
Now,
calligraphy
is
not
just
a
hobby,
38.
a
way
to
remove
myself
from
the
worries
of
life.
Rolling
out
the
paper,
I
can
write
for
a
whole
day.
Calligraphy
39.
(able)
me
to
balance
my
busy
schedule
and
live
40.
(peace).
2
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The
Hong
Kong-zhuhai-macao
Bridge
opened
to
the
public
on
23rd
October
2018.It
is
the
world's
41.
(long）cross-sea
bridge.It
42.
（connect）Hong
Kong
and
Macao
to
the
mainland
Chinese
city
of
Zhuhai.
The
bridge
is
55
kilometres
long
and
is
expected
to
be
in
use
for
about
one
hundred
43.
（year）.The
building
of
the
bridge
began
in
December
2009
and
it
took
nine
years
44.
(complete）.About
50,000
workers,
engineers
and
designers
from
the
Chinese
mainland
and
Hong
Kong
and
Macao
played
45.
part
in
the
building
of
the
bridge.
The
Y-shaped
bridge,
46.
（start）from
Lantau
Island
in
Hong
Kong
and
branching
（分岔）out
to
Zhuhai
and
Macao,
cuts
the
travel
time
between
Hong
Kong
and
Zhuhai
to
thirty
minutes
.
“It
used
to
take
more
than
four
hours
to
go
to
Zhuhai
on
wheels,
47.
now
it
is
just
half
an
hour's
drive
on
the
bridge
"said
a
driver
who
48.
.（travel）between
Hong
Kong
and
Guangdong
for
years.
As
a
joint
project
between
Hong
Kong,
Macao
and
Guangdong,
the
bridge
49.
(consider
）to
be
an
engineering
wonder.
The
bridge
serves
50.
a
bond
between
Hong
Kong,
Macao
and
some
Guangdong
cities.It
is
a"symbol
of
the
Greater
Bay
Area,
"said
a
Hong
Kong
official.
