2021届高考二轮英语语法专训
07.
代词和冠词
一、代词
重点一
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词★★★★★
人称分类
单数
复数
一
二
三
一
二
三
人称代词主格
I
you
he,
she,
it
we
you
they
人称代词宾格
me
you
him，her，it
us
you
them
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his，her,
its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his，hers,
its
ours
yours
theirs
反身代词
myself
yourself
himself，herself，itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
疑问代词
who,
whom,
whose,
which,
what
[核心提示]
(1)人称代词的主格在句中做主语，宾格在句中做动词或介词的宾语。
(2)形容词性物主代词只能在名词前做定语，名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，在句中做主语、宾语、表语或与of连用做后置定语。
(3)反身代词在句中可以做enjoy、
teach、
hurt、
buy、
introduce等动词和by、
for、
to等介词的宾语，还可以做主语或宾语的同位语。
(4)含有反身代词的习惯用语：
by
oneself 独自；独立地
for
oneself
亲自
of
oneself
自动地
in
oneself
本质上；本身
help
oneself
to
随便吃/用
enjoy
oneself
玩得开心
teach
oneself
自学
make
yourself
at
home
别客气
say
to
oneself
自言自语
think
for
oneself
独立思考
seat
oneself
就座
come
to
oneself
苏醒；恢复知觉
be
not
oneself
身体不舒服
behave
oneself
举止规矩
(单句填空)
1．(2020·北京石景山质检)________
(it)
deep
root
symbolizes
determination
and
its
straight
and
hollow
pole
represents
straightness
and
modesty.
答案与解析 Its 设空处在句中做定语，修饰名词root，应用形容词物主代词。故填Its。
2．(2017·浙江高考)Pahlsson
screamed
so
loudly
that
her
daughter
came
running
from
the
house.
“She
thought
I
had
hurt
________
(I)，”
says
Pahlsson.
答案与解析 myself 帕拉森说：“她以为我伤了自己。”根据句意可知，此处用反身代词myself。当句子的主语和动词的宾语指相同的人或物时，宾语用反身代词。
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)When
I
look
at
this
picture
of
myself,
...
This
picture
often
brings
back
to
me
many
happy
memories
of
________
(me)
high
school
days.
答案与解析 my 此处介绍的是“我”的故事，因此这里应该是“我”高中时期的回忆。上下文的人称应该保持一致。
重点二
it的用法★★★★★
1.指时间、距离、天气、日期、温度等。
·It's
early
spring,
but
it
is
already
hot.
现在是初春，但是天气已经很热了。
2．指代前面提到过的事物、群体、想法等或代替指示代词this、that。
·Although
he
didn't
like
it,
I
decided
to
see
the
movie
anyway.
尽管他不喜欢这部电影，但我还是决定去看一看。
3．当说话者弄不清对方是谁，不清楚或没必要知道说话对象的性别时，可以用it来指代。
·What
will
you
call
it
if
it
is
a
boy?
要是男孩的话，你会给他取个什么名字？
4．做形式主语或形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或名词性从句。
·It
is
dangerous
for
you
to
swim
in
the
river.
你在这条河里游泳是危险的。(it做形式主语，to
swim
in
the
river是真正的主语)
·He
didn't
make
it
clear
when
and
where
the
meeting
would
be
held.
他没说清楚何时何地举行会议。(it做形式宾语，从句when
and
where
...是真正的宾语)
5．用于强调句型“It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who
...”
·John's
success
has
nothing
to
do
with
good
luck.
It
is
years
of
hard
work
that
has
made
him
what
he
is
today.
约翰的成功和好运气没关系。是多年的努力工作才使他有了今天。
(单句填空)
4．(2018·浙江高考)Many
westerners
who
come
to
China
cook
much
less
than
in
their
own
countries
once
they
realize
how
cheap
________
can
be
to
eat
out.
答案与解析 it 句意：许多来到中国的西方人一旦意识到在外面吃饭有多么便宜，他们自己做饭的次数就会大大少于在自己国家做饭的次数。设空处是形式主语，其中不定式短语to
eat
out是真正的主语，做形式主语应用it。
5．When
________
comes
to
diet
and
exercise,
we
know
what
to
do,
but
we
don't
do
what
we
know.
答案与解析 it 句意：当谈到节食和锻炼时，我们知道要做什么，但是我们没有按照我们知道的去实践。when
it
comes
to
...
为固定用法，意为“当谈及……的时候”，故填it。
6．I
would
greatly
appreciate
it
________
you
could
tell
me
where
to
buy
necessary
equipment.
答案与解析 if I
would
appreciate
it
if
...
是常见句型，意为“如果……我将不胜感激”。
重点三
不定代词★★☆☆☆
1.other,
the
other,
another,
others,
the
others
other、
the
other、
another、
others、
the
others这一组词易混淆，考生在解题时注意考虑上下文的语境及这些词的基本用法。
(1)other不能单独使用，常与复数名词连用，如果前面有the、
some、
any、
each、
every、
no以及形容词性物主代词，也可与可数名词单数连用。
(2)others表示泛指，相当于“other＋复数名词”，可构成some
...
others
...“一些……另一些……”。
(3)“the
other＋单数可数名词”特指两者中的另一个，常有one
...
the
other
...“一个……另一个……”的搭配，其复数形式为the
others或“the
other＋复数名词”，特指在某些人或物中，除去一部分后，其余的人或物。
(4)another指三者或三者以上中的另一个，表示泛指，后接单数名词，也可以用于“another＋数词＋名词复数”表示“另外几个……”的含义。
2．one(s),
that,
those
在文中为避免重复，one(s)、
that、
those等都可以用来代替上文出现的名词：
(1)one代替的是前面提到的同类异物中的任何一个，相当于“a/an＋单数名词”；ones用来代替前面出现的复数名词，也表泛指。
(2)that代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物，所代替的名词可以是可数名词单数，也可以是不可数名词，其前面通常不能有修饰语，但可以有后置定语。
(3)those代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物，只能指代可数名词复数，相当于the
ones。
(4)具体公式可牢记：
a/an＋可数名词单数＝one
the＋可数名词单数＝that/the
one
the＋不可数名词＝that
the＋可数名词复数＝the
ones/those
可数名词复数＝ones
3．both、
all、
either、
any、
neither、
none的用法
都
任一
都不
两者
both
either
neither
三者或三者以上
all
any
none
4.something、
anything、
nothing的用法
句式
语意
something
肯定句
某事，某物
疑问句
请求，征求意见
anything
条件句、否定句、疑问句
任何东西(事物)
肯定句
任何东西(事物)
nothing
陈述句
没有一点东西
[核心提示] 固定搭配：anything
but(根本不)、
nothing
but(只不过；仅仅)、
all
but(差不多)、
none
but(仅仅；只有)。everything意为“每件事物；所有事物”，强调整体，与not连用时表示部分否定，意为“并不是所有事物都……”。
5．none、
no
one/nobody、
nothing的用法
指代
回答
特/泛指
none
人或物
how
many/much
特指
no
one/nobody
指人
who
泛指
nothing
指物
what
泛指
[核心提示] no
one(无任何人)、
nothing(无任何事)、
none(无任何上文提到的人或物)。
(单句填空)
7．The
problem
should
be
handled
very
carefully
to
balance
the
needs
of
people
with
________
of
nature.
答案与解析 those 句意：这个问题应该谨慎处理，以便平衡人和大自然的需要。此处指的是前面的the
needs，表特指，所以要用those来代替。
8．These
films
are
all
more
boring
than
I
have
expected—________
of
them
interests
me.
答案与解析 none 句意：这些电影比我想的更乏味——它们一个都不吸引我。根据all可知，此处指三个或三个以上的电影，故用none表示“(三者或三者以上中)没有一个”。
9．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Mr.
and
Mrs.
Zhang
________
work
in
our
school.
答案与解析 both Mr.
and
Mrs.
Zhang是两个人，应填both。
【
技巧】
▲核心技法回顾
当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填代词；确定填代词之后，再看一下设空处所填代词是否与前文提到的人或物有指代关系。
1．做主语：人称代词主格(I、
we、
you、
he、
she、
they、
it)。
2．做宾语：人称代词宾格(me、
us、
you、
him、
her、
them、
it)、名词性物主代词(yours、
mine、
his、
hers、
ours、
theirs、
its)。
3．做表语：宾格代词或名词性物主代词。
4．做定语：形容词性物主代词(your、
my、
his、
her、
their、
our、
its)。
5．如果宾语与主语是指同一人，用反身代词(myself、
yourself、
himself,
herself、
itself,
ourselves、
yourselves、
themselves)，同时注意数的变化。
▲语法填空解题技法练习
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In
the
café，
customers
will
enjoy
(they)
in
the
historical
environment
which
is
created
for
them.
答案与解析 themselves enjoy
oneself
为固定搭配，意为“玩得开心；享受乐趣”，此处表示顾客们将会享受乐趣，应用反身代词的第三人称复数形式，故填themselves。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Running
is
cheap,
easy
and
it's
always
energetic.
If
you
are
time
poor,
you
need
run
for
only
half
the
time
to
get
the
same
benefits
as
other
sports,
so
perhaps
we
should
all
give
________
a
try.
答案与解析 it 句意：如果你时间不充裕，你只需要花费其他运动一半的时间去跑步便可获得同样的收益，因此或许我们都应该尝试跑步。设空处做give的宾语，且指代上一句中的Running，故用代词it。也可以理解是固定短语give
it
a
try
“试一试”。
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)When
the
gorillas
and
I
frightened
each
other,
I
was
just
glad
to
find
________
(they)
alive.
答案与解析 them 句意：当大猩猩和我吓着彼此时，发现他们还活着我很高兴。设空在句中做find的宾语，故用宾格代词them。
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)However,
the
railway
quickly
proved
to
be
a
great
success
and
within
six
months,
more
than
25,000
people
were
using
________
every
day.
答案与解析 it 句意：然而，该地铁很快被证明是巨大的成功，在六个月内，每天25
000多人使用它。根据语境可知，此处应用it指代文中的the
railway。
二、冠词
重点一
冠词的基本用法★★★★★
1.不定冠词的基本用法
(1)用在第一次提到的可数名词单数前，表泛指。
·At
that
time,
I
was
working
in
a
factory.
The
factory
produces
car
parts.
那时，我在一家工厂工作。那家工厂生产各种汽车部件。
(2)泛指一类人或事物或指同类中的“一个”。
·Experts
think
that
the
recently
discovered
painting
may
be
a
Picasso.
专家们认为最近发现的那幅画可能是毕加索的作品。
(3)表示“每”，相当于per，用在表示价格、速度、频率等的短语中。
·Prices
start
at
￡13.95
a
yard
for
printed
cotton.
印花棉布以每码13.95英镑的价格起售。
(4)表示数量“一”(强调时用one)或“任何一个”。
·Suddenly
they
heard
a
loud
noise.
他们突然听到一声巨响。
(5)表示“某一个”，相当于a
certain。
·There
is
a
Mr.
Smith
on
the
phone.
有位史密斯先生打电话来。
(6)表示“同一；相同”，相当于the
same。
·They
happen
to
be
of
an
age
and
wear
clothes
of
a
colour.
他们碰巧同龄而且穿着相同颜色的衣服。
(7)不定冠词与物质名词或抽象名词连用
抽象名词和物质名词在表示概念时，其前常用零冠词；但在表示具体的人或事物时变成了可数名词，需要与不定冠词连用，表示“一个、一种、一场、一阵”等。具有此用法的名词有：
物质名词：rain、
snow、
fog、
wind、
drink、
coffee、
beer、
fire、
paper等；
抽象名词：success、
failure、
surprise、
pleasure、
beauty、
wonder、
comfort、
danger、
shock等。
·The
operation
is
a
success
and
the
patient
is
now
out
of
danger.
手术很成功，病人目前脱离了危险。
·After
preparing
all
the
equipment
for
an
outdoor
photography,
suddenly
a
heavy
rain
came.
为户外摄影做好一切准备后，突然下起了大雨。
2．定冠词the的用法
(1)特指前面已提及的人或物，或双方都知道的人或物。
·Take
your
time—it's
just
a
short
distance
from
here
to
the
restaurant.
不着急——从这里到那家餐馆只有很短的一段距离。
(2)用于单数可数名词或形容词及分词前，表“一类人或物”。
·The
explosion
saw
people
rush
to
help
the
injured.
爆炸发生后，人们赶到现场帮助受伤的人。
(3)用于表示朝代、年代的名词前，或用于整十的数词复数(表示某个年代)前。
·It's
said
that
corn
was
grown
a
lot
in
Tibet
in
the
17th
century.
据说在十七世纪的时候西藏大量种植玉米。
(4)用于表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示“一家人”或“夫
·The
Smiths
lived
in
the
apartment
above
ours.
史密斯夫妇住在我们楼上的公寓里。
(5)用于序数词或形容词最高级前使用定冠词表示“最……的”。
[核心提示] 当序数词不表示顺序而表示“又一；再一”时，用不定冠词，如a
second
time，意为“再一次；又一次”。
(6)用于“动词＋sb.＋介词＋the＋表示身体某一部位的名词”结构中，该结构中的the不能用物主代词代替。如take
sb.
by
the
arm“抓某人的胳膊”。
(7)用于“by＋the＋表示计量单位的单数名词”结构中，表示“按……计算”。如by
the
hour/day/week/month/kilo/ton/dozen等。但size、
weight、
time这类名词跟by连用时，不加冠词，如by
height/weight。
3．零冠词的基本用法(写作中一定要注意不能出错)
(1)专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词，如China、
America、
Smith。
(2)表示季节、月份、星期和节日的名词前和学科、语言、三餐、球类运动、棋类游戏的名词前不用冠词。
·I
like
physics
though
it's
a
bit
difficult.
尽管物理有点难，但我很喜欢。
[核心提示]
(1)表示语言的名词之后有language时则要加定冠词，如the
English
language。
(2)如果表示季节的名词指具体某年的某个季节，需加定冠词，如in
the
spring
of
the
year
2018。
(3)在中国的传统节日前用定冠词the，如the
Spring
Festival。
(4)称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词做宾语补足语及同位语时，不加冠词。常用的名词有king、
president、
chairman、
monitor、
head等。
(5)系动词turn后的单数名词做表语时，单数名词前不加冠词。
·After
years
of
hard
work,
Tom
turned
engineer
while
Mary
good
manager.
多年的努力后汤姆成了工程师，而玛丽成了好经理。
(6)as/though引导的部分倒装句，结构为“零冠词＋单数名词＋as/though＋主语＋谓语＋主句”，意为“虽然/尽管……但是……”。
·Hero
as/though
he
is,
he
has
some
shortcomings.
尽管他是个英雄，但他有些缺点。
(单句填空)
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Instead,
she
is
earning
$6,500
a
day
as
________
model
in
New
York.
答案与解析 a model“模特”，为可数名词。此处表示泛指，前面要用不定冠词修饰。又因为model的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。选择冠词时，要注意根据语境判断是表示特指还是泛指。通常情况下，表示特指时常译为“这个……，这些……”，而泛指时则译为“一个……”。
2．(2017·浙江高考)It's
not
all
that
hard
to
build
an
advanced
and
large
vocabulary.
Like
many
things
in
life,
it's
________
ongoing
process,
and
________
best
part
of
the
process
is
that
there's
enough
room
for
improvement.
答案与解析 an;
the 句意：就像生活中的许多事情一样，这是一个持续的过程，而过程中最好的部分是有足够的空间来改进，这意味着你会不断地变得越来越好。第一空表泛指，意为“一个持续的过程”，
ongoing是元音音素开始的单词，故此处填不定冠词an。
第二空后是形容词最高级best,
故此处填定冠词the。
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)They
live
far
from
the
school,
and
it
takes
them
about
________
hour
and
a
half
to
go
to
work
every
day.
答案与解析 an hour的发音以元音音素开头，故其前冠词应用an，此处表示“一个半小时”，用an
hour
and
a
half表达。
重点二
冠词的固定搭配★★★★★
1．不定冠词用于固定搭配中
at
a
loss
不知所措；困惑
have
a
word
with
与……谈话
all
of
a
sudden
突然
in
a
hurry
匆忙地
as
a
rule
通常
be
on
a
visit
参观；拜访
as
a
matter
of
fact
事实上
as
a
result
因此
be
on
a
diet
节食
have
a
gift
for
在某方面有天赋
have/catch
a
cold
感冒
make
a
living
谋生
have/take
a
rest
休息
in
a
way
从某种意义上说
give
sb.
a
lift
让某人搭便车
2．定冠词用于固定短语中
at
the
moment
此刻；目前
at
the
same
time
同时
not
in
the
least
一点也不
on
the
contrary
相反
in
the
end
最后；最终
on
the
whole
总的来说
to
tell
the
truth
说实话
in
the
distance
在远处
on
the
other
hand
另一方面
to
the
point
中肯；切题
make
the
most
of
充分利用；最大限度地从某物获益
by
the
way
顺便说一下
go
to
the
cinema/theater
去看电影/戏剧
in
the
middle
of
在……中间
(单句填空)
4．(2019·浙江高考)Everybody
wears
________
same
style
of
clothes.
答案与解析 the 句意：人人都穿相同风格的衣服。the
same意为“相同的”，故填定冠词the。
5．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Unexpectedly,
I'm
face?to?face
with
the
gorilla,
who
begins
screaming
at
________
top
of
her
lungs.
答案与解析 the 句意：出乎意料的是，我正与那只猩猩面对面，它开始声嘶力竭地尖叫。at
the
top
of
one's
lungs
“声嘶力竭地”。
6．(上海高考)You
can
tell
when
you
are
over
the
top
and
on
the
downward
slope,
by
asking
yourself
________
number
of
questions.
答案与解析 a 句意：通过自查许多问题，你能够断定你处在巅峰还是低谷。a
number
of意为“许多；大量的”，是固定搭配。
7．I
was
always
interested
to
see
the
drivers
in
________
hurry
in
the
morning.
答案与解析 a in
a
hurry
意为“匆忙”，是固定搭配。
【
技巧】
▲核心技法回顾
1．根据泛指或特指选择冠词
如果空格后的名词或“形容词＋名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词很可能填冠词。
(1)如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“一个/本/种……”，一般填a/an。如果可翻译成“这/那个；这/那些”一般填the。
(2)如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句等做定语时很可能填the。
2．根据固定句式或固定搭配选择冠词
英语中有很多带有冠词的固定句式或短语，记住这些短语也有利于解此类问题。
3．看到辅(元)音音素开头的名词要想到可能会用不定冠词a(n)。
▲语法填空解题技法练习
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Of
________
nineteen
recognized
polar
bear
subpopulations,
three
are
declining,
six
are
stable,
one
is
increasing,
and
nine
lack
enough
data.
答案与解析 the 句意：在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中，有3个正在减少，6个保持稳定，1个正在增加，还有9个缺乏足够的数据。根据句意及设空处后的nineteen
recognized
polar
bear
subpopulations可知，此处特指“已知的19个北极熊亚种群”，应用定冠词限定，故填the。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Each
of
my
cafes
will
have
a
different
theme
and
________
unique
style.
答案与解析 a style是可数名词，此处表泛指，意为“一种独特的风格”，unique是以辅音音素开头的单词，其前应用不定冠词a。故填a。
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)During
my
last
winter
holiday,
I
went
to
________
countryside
with
my
father
to
visit
my
grandparents.
I
found
a
big
change
there.
答案与解析 the 表“去乡下”，应用go
to
the
countryside。
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Corn
production
has
jumped
nearly
125
percent
over
________
past
25
years,
while
rice
has
increased
only
7
percent.
答案与解析 the 句意：在过去25年里玉米产量猛增了近125%，而水稻的产量只增长了7%。此处特指在过去的25年里，故填the。
5．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As
________
result,
people
will
eat
more
food
to
try
to
make
up
for
that
something
missing.
答案与解析 a 句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物以尽力弥补损失的东西。固定短语as
a
result表示“结果”，故填a。
6．Paul
did
________
great
job
in
the
speech
contest.
He
must
have
practiced
many
times
last
week.
答案与解析 a do
a
great/good
job
“做得很好”，是固定短语。
7．The
bridge
links
three
areas,
making
________
much
more
convenient
to
travel
from
one
to
another.
答案与解析 it 句意：这座桥连接了三个地区，使得从一个地区到另一个地区更加方便。此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，故填it。
8．We
can
observe
that
artificial
intelligence
has
already
had
________
impact
on
our
lives
in
many
ways.
答案与解析 an 句意：我们可以看到人工智能已在许多方面影响了我们的生活。have
an
impact
on
“有影响”，
impact是元音音素开始的单词，故此处填不定冠词an。
9．Also,
speaking
is
very
difficult
for
the
deaf,
because
they
can't
hear
________
(they)
own
voices.
答案与解析 their 此处是形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故答案为their。
10．(2020·哈六中一调)Stand
near
the
tower
to
see
the
roaring
sea
on
one
side
and
the
Great
Wall
on
the
.
答案与解析 other 句意：站在塔楼附近能看到一边是汹涌澎湃的大海，另一边是长城。此处指“两边中的另一边”，应用the
other。
11．I'm
afraid
you
can't
make
________
to
the
village
in
an
hour;
you
should
know
the
icy
road
is
not
easy
to
walk
on.
答案与解析 it 句意：恐怕你不能在一个小时内赶到那个村庄。你应该知道这条结冰的路不容易走。考生若不知道“make
it”的意思是“准时到达，成功”就做不出这道题。另外注意“make＋it＋形容词或名词＋不定式短语”这个结构。
12．People
believe
writing
poems
provides
________
channel
through
which
they
can
express
their
feelings.
答案与解析 a 句意：人们认为写诗是他们表达感情的一个渠道。根据语境此处表“一个渠道”，
表泛指，
应填不定冠词a。
13．A
study
shows
the
students
who
are
engaged
in
after?school
activities
are
happier
than
________
who
are
not.
答案与解析 those 句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空格处代词指代the
students，填those。
14．Seeing
everyone's
smiling
face
around
me,
I
thought
of
________
famous
quote
from
the
American
philosopher
Henry
David
Thoreau.
答案与解析 a 句意：看到周围每个人的笑脸，我想起了美国哲学家亨利·戴维·梭罗的一句名言。根据句意可知，此处并不表示特指，故用不定冠词。又famous的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。
15．“The
Golden
Week”
is
believed
to
be
a
time
for
us
to
relax,
but
making
good
use
of
________
time
is
not
easy.
答案与解析 the 前面的a
time表示“一段时间”，而此处特指前面提到的“黄金周”这段时间，应用定冠词the。
16．Their
charge
is
a
little
more
than
________
of
the
bus,
about
2
yuan
or
more
depending
on
distance,
but
it
is
very
convenient,
because
it
can
stop
at
any
point
you
want
along
the
route.
答案与解析 that 根据语境“它们的要价比公交的要价高”，结合空后的of
the
bus,
可知此处应用代词特指前面提到的名词charge，填代词that。
17．After
arriving,
we
put
our
luggage
in
the
hotel
room
and
booked
________
one?day
tour.
答案与解析 a 合成词one?day是辅音音素开始的单词，
故该处应用不定冠词a。
【
能力】
一、单项选择
1.
—I
don’t
know
whether
I
should
take
the
job
or
not,
Mum.
—I
leave
____________to
your
own
judgment.
A.
that
B.
it
C.
this
D.
what
【答案】B
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：——妈妈，我不知道我是否应该接受这份工作。——我把它留给你自己判断。A.
that
那个，指示代词；B.
it
它；C.
this
这个，指示代词；D.what
什么。根据句意可知，此处指代上文提到的“whether
I
should
take
the
job
or
not”这件事情，用代词it，作及物动词leave的宾语。故选B项。
2.
As
an
English
teacher,
I
think
it
necessary
listening
and
speaking
every
day.
A.
practicing
B.
practice
C.
to
practice
D.
practiced
【答案】C
【解析】考查不定式。句意：作为一名英语老师，我认为每天练习听说很有必要。it
is+adj+to
do为固定句式，意为“做某事是……（的）”。故选C。
3.
It
is
that
the
industrial
cities
of
the
nineteenth
century
in
England
do
not
attract
visitors.
A.
a
pity
B.
the
pity
C.
pity
D.
pities
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定句型。句意：遗憾的是，英国19世纪的工业城市并没有吸引游客。it
is
a
pity
that...意为“遗憾的是......”，为固定句型。故选A。
4.
I’d
appreciate
_______________
if
you
could
give
me
an
early
reply.
A.
you
B.
myself
C.
it
D.
them
【答案】C
【解析】考查it作形式宾语。句意：如果你能尽早给我答复，我将不胜感激。根据句意可知，我感激的是“你能尽早给我答复”，故空格处应用it作形式宾语，if引导的从句为真正的宾语，构成句型“I’d
appreciate
it
+if从句”，意为“如果……，我将不胜感激”。故选C项。
5.
The
new
online
library
makes___________
possible
for
students
to
choose
books
by
smart
Phone
off
campus.
A.
this
B.
one
C.
that
D.
it
【答案】D
【解析】考查代词。句意：新的在线图书馆使学生可以在校外通过智能手机选择书籍。分析句子可知，
to
choose
books
by
smart
Phone
off
campus在句中作make的宾语，这里使用代词it作形式宾语指代真正的宾语，make
it
+
adj.
+
for
sb.
to
do
sth.是固定句型，意为“使做某事对于某人来说......”。故选D项。
6.
_____________
has
been
argued
that
gifted
children
should
be
grouped
in
special
classes.
A.
What
B.
That
C.
It
D.
As
【答案】C
【解析】考查it用法。句意：有人认为天赋异禀的孩子应该被分到特殊班级。此处为句型“it
has
been
argued
that…”，表示“有人认为……”，it做形式主语，that从句为真正主语。故选C。
7.
His
dream
was
that
the
Olympic
Games
would
make____
possible
for
countries
to
live
peacefully.
A.
that
B.
it
C.
which
D.
what
【答案】B
【解析】考查it作形式宾语。句意：他的梦想是奥运会使各国和平共处成为可能。分析句子结构可知，
make
it
possible
to
do
sth.使做某事成为可能，固定搭配，此处it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式短语，此处形容词possible作宾语补足语。故选B。
8.
New
channels
of
communication
have
made
possible
to
speak
instantly
to
someone
living
far
away.
A.
all
B.
that
C.
this
D.
it
【答案】D
【解析】考查代词it的用法。句意：新的交流渠道使与住在远方的人立即交谈成为可能。分析句子可知，空处作have
made的宾语，真正的宾语为“to
speak
instantly
to
someone
living
far
away”，因此，此处用代词it作形式宾语。故选D项。
9.
Caught
in
a
dilemma,
.
A.
it
was
hard
to
make
a
decision.
B.
nothing
seemed
to
be
of
help.
C.
making
a
decision
seemed
hard.
D.
he
found
it
hard
to
make
a
decision.
【答案】D
【解析】考查形式宾语和不定式。句意：他进退两难，发现很难做出决定。本句用it做形式宾语，结合句式：主语+动词+it+形容词+不定式，主语是he，谓语动词是found，形容词是hard，不定式部分是to
make
a
decision，连起来是he
found
it
hard
to
make
a
decision。故选D项。
10.
Their
food
is
adequate.
It
includes
meat
at
least______,
vegetables
and
fruit.
A.
every
other
day
B.
every
second
days
C.
every
other
days
D.
every
two
day
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：他们的食物足够。至少每隔一天吃肉，蔬菜和水果。表示“每隔一天”短语为every
other
day，表示“每隔两天”短语为every
two
days，every
second
day表示“每两天”。综合选项可知，只有A选项表达正确。故选A。
11.
I
don't
think
it
wise
the
hard
work
that
they
have
refused
to
do.
A.
for
you
to
take
on
B.
of
you
to
take
on
C.
for
you
taking
on
D.
of
you
taking
on
【答案】B
【解析】考查不定式。句意：我认为你承担他们拒绝做的艰苦工作是不明智的。当形容词表明的是人的性格、品质时，使用固定句式it
is+adj+of
sb+to
do。故选B。
12.
Until
now,we
have
raised
50,000
pounds
for
the
poor
children,_________is
quite
unexpected.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
who
D.
it
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：直到现在,我们已经为贫困儿童筹集了50
000英镑,这很出乎意料。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容，并在从句中作主语，可译为"这件事"。注意：that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。
13.
You
may
depend
on________that
they
will
look
after
your
daughter
when
you
are
away.
A.
them
B.
this
C.
her
D.
it
【答案】D
【解析】考查代词。句意：你可以相信，你不在时他们会照顾你的女儿。分析句子可知，that从句为介词on的宾语，是宾语从句，因此设空处是用来指代that从句，作形式宾语的，应用代词it，故选D。
14.
—
Which
of
the
two
films
did
you
prefer?
—
Actually
I
didn’t
like
______.
A.
either
of
them
B.
both
of
them
C.
none
of
them
D.
neither
of
them
【答案】A
【解析】考查代词用法。句意：——这两个电脑游戏你更喜欢哪个？——事实上，这两个我都不喜欢。both表示“两者都”是肯定意思；none
表示“三者或三者以上都不”，是否定意思。either
“两者中任何一个”，neither“两者都不”。根据two
computer
games和I
didn’t
like
可知是两者都不喜欢，didn’t是否定形式，用either。故选A。
15.
Tony
and
Sam
are
quite
strict
with
themselves
and
I
seldom
find____of
them
late
for
class.
A.
either
B.
neither
C.
any
D.
all
【答案】A
【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：Tony和Sam对自己要求很严格，我很少发现他们上课迟到。A.
either两者中任何一个；B.
neither两者都不；C.
any任何，多用于三者及以上的否定句或疑问句中；D.
all所有，用于三者以及以上的肯定句中。此处是Tony和Sam两人，排除选项C和D，由空前否定副词seldom可知，空处需用either，表示两人很少迟到。故选A。
16.
All
these
changes
will
lead
to______stronger
and
more
powerful
China,______country
that
can
surprise
and
enrich
our
planet.
A.
a;
a
B.
a;
the
C.
the;
a
D.
the;
the
【答案】A
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这些变化将导致一个更强大、更有力的中国，一个能够给我们的星球带来惊喜和丰富的国家。根据句意可知，第一空泛指“一个更强大、更有力的中国”，应用不定冠词；第二空是China的同位语，泛指“一个……的国家”，也应用不定冠词。故选A。
17.
The
two
rooms
are
of
________
size,
but
another
room
is
three
times
________
size
of
them.
A.
the;
a
B.
a;
the
C.
a;
a
D.
the;
the
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这两个房间大小相同，但另一个房间是它们的三倍大。第一空处使用固定搭配，
“Sb./Sth.
be
of
+a
+表示种类、数量、度量等的抽象名词”表示（人或物）“具有某种共同特征”，该名词前常用不定冠词修饰；第二空处使用固定句型“A
+
be
+倍数
+
the
+
表示度量等的抽象名词+
of+
B”，用来表示“A是B的……倍”，该句型中在名词前常用定冠词the。综上，故选B。
18.
What
_______________
pity
that
you
couldn’t
be
there
to
receive
_______________
prize.
A.
the;
a
B.
a;
the
C.
a;
a
D.
a;
/
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词。句意：你没能到那儿领奖，真遗憾。空格一涉及固定句型“What
a
pity
+that从句”，意为“……真遗憾”，故空格一应填不定冠词a。根据句意可知，空格二特指“你应该领取的奖品”，故空格二应填定冠词the，表示特指。故选B项。
19.
The
student,
who
gave
his
life
to
save
a
child,
was
______
honor
to
our
school.
A
memorial
is
held
here
every
year
in
______
honor
of
him.
A.
an;
the
B.
an;
/
C.
the;
the
D.
a;/
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词。句意：那个为了救一个孩子而献出生命的学生，是我们学校的光荣。这里每年都会举行追悼会纪念他。固定短语
in
honor
of，意为“为了纪念......”，所以第二空不用冠词。据此可排除选项A、选项C；另honor为元音开头，所以第一空要用an；表示“一个(件)引以为荣的(事/人)”。故选B。
20.
First
impression
are
the
most
lasting,you
never
get
_____
second
chance
to
make
________
first
impression.
A.
a;
the
B.
the;
the
C.
a;
a
D.
the;a
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词。句意：句意：第一印象是最持久的，你永远不可能有另一个机会去再给别人留下一次第一印象。第一空修饰限定chance用不定冠词，a
second表示“又一次”，“再一次”。第二空修饰impression，泛指，所以用不定冠词，且first首字的发音为辅音音素，所以用不定冠词a来修饰。故选C。
21.
The
police
have
________
power
to
arrest
bad
people
by
________
law.
A.
the;
the
B.
/;
/
C.
the;
/
D.
/
;
the
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：警察有权依法逮捕坏人。第一空，表示“有权做某事”短语为have
the
power
to
do
sth.，第一空应用定冠词the；第二空表示“依法，根据法律”短语为by
law。故选C。
22.
My
friend
Mike
is
__________honest
boy.
You
can
believe
him.
A.
a
B.
an
C.
不填
D.
the
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词。句意：我的朋友迈克是个诚实的男孩。你可以相信他。句中boy意为“男孩”，为可数名词，根据句意可知，句中泛指“一个”诚实的男孩，故应用不定冠词修饰，honest音标第一个音素为元音音素，故应用不定冠词an修饰。故选B项。
23.
The
moment
they
stepped
into
the
room,
they
saw_______very
Beethoven
gifted
in
writing
music.
A.
a
B.
an
C.
the
D.
/
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词。句意：他们一走进房间，看到的正是贝多芬在作曲方面的天赋。此处为“the
very+名词”结构，表示加强语气，可以译为“正是的，恰好的”。故选C。
24.
After
finishing
her
homework,
Sherry
played
______
piano
for
half
an
hour.
A.
不填
B.
an
C.
a
D.
the
【答案】D
【解析】考查冠词。句意：在完成作业以后，Sherry弹奏了半小时钢琴。乐器前需加定冠词the。故选D。
25.
Beyond
stars
there
is
nothing
but
space.
A.
/...the
B.
the.../
C.
/.../
D.
the...the
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词。句意：在星星的外面除了太空什么也没有。第一空特指“太空中的星星”，所以用定冠词the。第二空名词space作“空间,太空”之意，是抽象名词，单独使用，其前不用冠词。故选B。
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
26.
See
to
it
________
all
the
students
will
know
the
news.
【答案】that
【解析】考查连词。句意：务必让所有的学生都知道这条消息。此处考查“
see
to
it
+
that
”这一句子结构，意为：务必……；确保……，其中it是形式宾语，that从句部分是真正的宾语。故填that。
27.
I
took
________
for
granted
that
David
would
attend
my
wedding,
but
he
didn't
turn
up
at
all.
【答案】it
【解析】考查it作形式宾语。句意：我想当然地认为大卫会参加我的婚礼，但他根本没来。
take……for
granted意为：认为……是理所当然的，分析句意可知that从句部分是句子真正的主语，故空格处用it作形式宾语。故填it。
28.
___________seems
that
most
houses
have
been
destroyed
by
the
storm.
【答案】It
【解析】考查形式主语it。句意：似乎大部分房子都在暴风雨破坏了。分析句子可知，空格处是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，置句首单词首字母大写，故填It。
29.
You
may
rely
on
_______
that
she
is
sure
to
attend
the
concert.
【答案】it
【解析】考查it作形式宾语。句意：你可以相信她一定会去听音乐会。分析句子结构可知，“that
she
is
sure
to
attend
the
concert”为宾语从句；“rely
on
”后应该接宾语，此处使用it作形式宾语。故填it。
30.
The
earthquake
and
the
damage
_______
did
to
the
people
are
more
than
frightening.
【答案】it
【解析】考查代词和定语从句。句意：这场地震和他给人们带来的伤害是非常可怕的。分析句子可知，
the
damage作定语从句的先行词，从句中did作谓语，did
前缺少主语，后缺少宾语，所以空格处既要填从句的引导词还要补充完句子成分，根据句意可知，从句中缺少的主语指The
earthquake
，缺少的宾语指先行词the
damage
，代词it表示同名同物，用来指代前面提到的同一件事，所以用it指代The
earthquake
，关系代词which/that引导定语从句指代先行词the
damage在从句中充当宾语，即The
earthquake
did
the
damage
to
the
people；根据定语从句规则，定语从句中少宾语关系代词可以省略，所以此处指填it。故填it。
31.
I
hate
____when
she
calls
me
at
work
—
I’m
always
too
busy
to
carry
on
a
conversation
with
her.
【答案】it
【解析】考查形式宾语it的用法。句意：我讨厌她上班时给我打电话——我总是太忙，没时间和她交谈。分析可知空格处是hate的宾语，且空格后的句子“when
she
calls
me
at
work
—
I’m
always
too
busy
to
carry
on
a
conversation
with
her.”是hate后宾语的真正表述，故空格处填代词作形式宾语。故填it。
32.
As
you
know,
_______
is
a
fact
that
English
is
being
accepted
as
an
international
language.
【答案】it
【解析】考查it作形式主语。句意：如你所知，英语作为一种国际语言正在被接受，这是一个事实。分析句子结构可知，It
is
a
fact
that…“事实是……”，固定句型，此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。故填it。
33.
No
matter
how
busy
he
is,
he
makes_________a
rule
to
read
at
least
20
minutes
a
day.
【答案】it
【解析】考查it的用法。句意：不管他有多忙，他都坚持每天至少读书20分钟的习惯。在句中，谓语动词为makes，a
rule为宾语补足语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，当动词不定式用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。所以本句缺少形式宾语，这里用it作形式宾语，故填it。
34.
People
have
been
working
together
to
record
______
(it)
migration
and
make
sure
that
there
are
enough
plants
for
it
to
feed
on.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意：人们一直在一起记录它的迁徙，确保有足够的植物供它食用。根据名词
migration可知此处要用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
35.
It's
no
pleasure
________
(look)
through
these
any
longer.
【答案】looking
【解析】考查非谓语动词和固定句式。句意：再看这些已经提不起我的兴趣了。it
is
no
pleasure
doing固定句式，“做……没有乐趣”，故填looking。
36.
Dad
cleaned
the
house,
and
then
went
shopping.
When
he
came
back,
I
found______bunch
of
flowers
in
his
hand.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：爸爸打扫完屋子就去买东西了。当他回来的时候，我发现他手中有一束花。空处位于名词前，可知是冠词，且a
bunch
of是固定词组，意为“一束”。故填a。
37.
He
prefers
_____steady
life.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：他更喜欢一种稳定的生活。分析句子可知，此处泛指一种稳定的生活，应用不定冠词，且steady的发音为辅音音素开头，故答案为a。
38.
You
should
make
______abstract
of
what
the
professor
says.
【答案】an
【解析】考查不定冠词。句意：你应该把教授说的话做个摘要。此处为泛指，应用不定冠词。abstract的开头发音为元音。故填an。
39.
The
kitchen
is
in
_____
charge
of
the
cook.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：厨房被厨师管理。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“be
in
the
charge
of
sb.”，意为“被某人管理，在某人的管理之下”，句子的主语一般是物，表被动，句中指“厨房被厨师管理”，故空格处应用定冠词the。故填the。
40.
The
President
was
surrounded
by
reporters
_________
moment
he
came
out
of
the
hotel.
【答案】the
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：他一走出酒店，记者们就把他团团围住了。表示“一……就……”可用固定搭配the
moment。故填the。
41.
Experts
say
the
way
you
design
your
home
could
play
________
part
in
whether
you
pack
on
the
pounds
or
keep
them
off.
【答案】a
【解析】考查固定短语和冠词。句意：专家们说，你设计房子的方式可能会对你是否会发胖或减肥起到一定作用。play
a
part
in…在……起作用/有影响，是固定短语。故填a。
42.
Today
is
the
only
day
when
you
can
begin
to
make
____
difference
to
your
life.
【答案】a
【解析】考查不定冠词和固定短语。句意：今天是你开始改变自己生活的唯一一天。分析可知，“make
a
difference
to…”，固定短语，意为“对……产生影响；对……作出改变”。故填a。
43.
______________________
beautiful
rose
garden
planted
ten
years
ago
by
my
father
grows
wonderfully.
【答案】The
【解析】考查冠词。句意：我父亲十年前种的美丽的玫瑰园长得很好。过去分词短语“planted
ten
years
ago
by
my
father”作后置定语修饰名词短语“
beautiful
rose
garden”，此处应该特指“
beautiful
rose
garden”，用定冠词the，首字母大写。故填The。
44.
When
she
finally
arrived
at
the
lecture
hall,
the
lecture
had
already
come
to______
end.
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：当她最后到达报告厅时，讲座已经结束了。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语：come
to
an
end“结束”。故填an。
45.
She
told
me
she
had
searched
the
room
for
the
amber
_______
day
before
but
without
success.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：她告诉我前一天她在房间里找过琥珀，但没有找到。“前一天”是the
day
before，定冠词表特指。故填the。
三、语法填空
1
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入
1个适当的单词或括号单词的正确形式。
The
Wandering
Earth
is
a
Chinese
science
fiction
movie,
46.
is
based
on
the
novel
of
47.
same
name
by
Liu
Cixin,
and
was
released
on
February
5,
2019,
the
Chinese
New
Year’s
Day.
After
learning
the
sun
is
dying
out,
people
all
around
the
world
feel
48.
(frighten),
so
they
build
giant
planet
thrusters
(星球推进器)
49.
(
move
)
the
earth
out
of
its
orbit
and
sail
50.
to
a
new
star
system.
The
2500
years’
journey
comes
with
unexpected
dangers,
but
in
order
to
save
humanity,
a
group
of
young
people
come
out
bravely
and
fight
hard
for
everyone’s
51.
(survive).
We
52.
(impress)
to
see
the
theme
of
this
film.
It
doesn’t
particularly
show
somebody’s
ability
to
save
our
world
53.
shows
all
the
human
beings
are
working
together,
54.
(spare)
no
effort
to
save
this
world.
The
Wandering
Earth
is
seen
by
people
as
the
dawn(开端)
of
Chinese
science
fiction
movies.
It
means
that
China’s
sci-fi
movies
have
55.
(official)
set
sail.
【答案】
46.
which
47.
the
48.
frightened
49.
to
move
50.
it
51.
survival
52.
are
impressed
53.
but
54.
sparing
55.
officially
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《流浪地球》这部电影的主要内容和意义。
46.
考查非限制性定语从句。___1___
is
based
on
the
novel
of
___2___
same
name
by
Liu
Cixin是非限制性定语从句，修饰a
Chinese
science
fiction
movie，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导该从句，故填which。
47.
考查冠词。句意：《流浪地球》是一部中国科幻电影，改编自刘慈欣的同名小说。same常和定冠词the连用，故填the。
48.
考查形容词。句意：在得知太阳正在消失后，世界各地的人们都感到很害怕。feel是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。表示“（人）害怕的”，应用frightened。故填frightened。
49.
考查非谓语动词。句意：所以他们建造了巨大的行星推进器，把地球从轨道上移开，把它带到一个新的恒星系统。___4___
(
move
)
the
earth
out
of
its
orbit
and
sail
___5___
to
a
new
star
system.是“人们建造行星推进器”的目的，表目的，用动词不定式。故填to
move。
50.
考查代词。句意：所以他们建造了巨大的行星推进器，把地球从轨道上移开，把它带到一个新的恒星系统。该空作sail的宾语，指代the
earth，应用it。故填it。
51.
考查名词。everyone’s...(survive)作介词for的宾语，应用名词。且空前有everyone’s（所有人的）修饰。故填survival。
52.
考查时态和被动语态。该空作谓语。impress意为“给……留下印象”，主语we和impress之间是被动关系，该句用被动语态。且根据上下文，该句应用一般现在时态。故填are
impressed。
53.
考查固定搭配。句意：它并没有特别显示某个人拯救世界的能力，而是显示了所有人都在一起努力，不遗余力地挽救这个世界。not…but…表示“不是……而是……”，是固定搭配。故填but。
54.
考查非谓语动词。...(spare)
no
effort
to
save
this
world是状语，主语all
the
human
beings和spare
no
efforts之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填sparing。
55.
考查副词。句意：《流浪地球》被人们视为中国科幻电影的开山之作。这意味着中国的科幻电影已经正式启航。该空修饰动词短语set
sail，应用副词。故填officially。
2
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.
Fido,
a
little
dog,was
very
anxious
to
get
the
favor
on
his
master.
He
took
care,
however,
neither
to
be
troublesome,56.
would
he
follow
him
into
the
living
room
unless
he
was
asked.
He
also
tried
to
make57.
(he)
useful
to
his
kind
master.
He
would
drive
away
strange
pigs
and
other
animals58.
came
into
the
yard.
Once
when
his
master
was
sick,
Fido59.
(lie)
at
the
room
door
and
did
not
leave,
even
to
get
his
food.
When
his
master
was
well
enough,
Fido
60.
(admit)
into
the
room,
and
showed
so
many
signs
of
joy
that
his
master
was
more
fond
61.
him
than
ever.
Fido
even
had
a
chance
of
62.
(save)
his
master's
life.
His
master
was
sleeping
in
a
summerhouse
with
Fido
at
his
side.
Suddenly63.
dog
saw
the
wall
shake,
and
dirt
fall
from
the
ceiling.
Fido
knew
that
there
was
danger,
and
began
barking64.
(
awake)
his
master.
As
this
did
not
succeed,
he
jumped
up,
and65.
(
gentle)
bit
his
finger.
His
master
had
just
time
to
get
out
of
the
door
when
the
whole
building
fell.
Fido
was
hurt
by
some
of
the
rubbish.
And
his
master
had
him
kindly
taken
care
of
till
he
got
well.
【答案】
56.
nor
57.
himself
58.
which/that
59.
lay
60.
was
admitted
61.
of
62.
saving
63.
the
64.
to
awake
65.
gently
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了一条名叫Fido的狗，经过努力，赢得主人喜爱的故事。
56.
考查固定搭配。句意：但是，他很小心，既不惹麻烦，也不会进入主人的房间—除非主人允许。该题考查neither…nor…固定搭配，意为“既不……也不……”。故填nor。
57.
考查反身代词。句意：他努力使自己对主人来说有用。该空作make的宾语，且指主语本身，故应用反身代词。故填himself。
58.
考查定语从句。句意：他会赶走来到院子里的奇怪的猪和其他动物。“______3______came
into
the
yard”是定语从句，修饰strange
pigs
and
other
animals，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which/that引导该从句。故填which/that。
59.
考查动词时态。句意：有一次，他的主人生病了，Fido躺在房门前，甚至不出去觅食。该空作谓语，且根据前面的时间状语可知，该空叙述的是发生在过去的情况，应用一般过去时态。故填lay。
60.
考查动词时态和语态。句意：Fido被允许进入房间。该空在句中作谓语，主语Fido和admit之间是被动关系，且根据该句时间状语，该句应用一般过去时态。故填was
admitted。
61.
考查介词。句意：他的主人比以前更加喜欢他。该题考查be
fond
of(喜欢)这个固定搭配。故填of。
62.
考查动名词。句意：Fido甚至有机会挽救主人的生命。该空作介词of的宾语，应用动名词。故填saving。
63.
考查冠词。句意：突然，这条狗看见墙在晃动。该处特指上文提到的Fido，表特指，用定冠词the。故填the。
64.
考查非谓语动词。句意：他开始狂吠，想要唤醒主人。“______9______(
awake)
his
master”是目的状语，表目的，用动词不定式。故填to
awake。
65.
考查副词。句意：他跳起来，轻轻地咬他的手指。该空修饰bit，修饰动词用副词，故填gently。2021届高考二轮英语语法专训
07.
代词和冠词
一、代词
重点一
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词★★★★★
人称分类
单数
复数
一
二
三
一
二
三
人称代词主格
I
you
he,
she,
it
we
you
they
人称代词宾格
me
you
him，her，it
us
you
them
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his，her,
its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his，hers,
its
ours
yours
theirs
反身代词
myself
yourself
himself，herself，itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
疑问代词
who,
whom,
whose,
which,
what
[核心提示]
(1)人称代词的主格在句中做主语，宾格在句中做动词或介词的宾语。
(2)形容词性物主代词只能在名词前做定语，名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，在句中做主语、宾语、表语或与of连用做后置定语。
(3)反身代词在句中可以做enjoy、
teach、
hurt、
buy、
introduce等动词和by、
for、
to等介词的宾语，还可以做主语或宾语的同位语。
(4)含有反身代词的习惯用语：
by
oneself 独自；独立地
for
oneself
亲自
of
oneself
自动地
in
oneself
本质上；本身
help
oneself
to
随便吃/用
enjoy
oneself
玩得开心
teach
oneself
自学
make
yourself
at
home
别客气
say
to
oneself
自言自语
think
for
oneself
独立思考
seat
oneself
就座
come
to
oneself
苏醒；恢复知觉
be
not
oneself
身体不舒服
behave
oneself
举止规矩
(单句填空)
1．(2020·北京石景山质检)________
(it)
deep
root
symbolizes
determination
and
its
straight
and
hollow
pole
represents
straightness
and
modesty.
2．(2017·浙江高考)Pahlsson
screamed
so
loudly
that
her
daughter
came
running
from
the
house.
“She
thought
I
had
hurt
________
(I)，”
says
Pahlsson.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)When
I
look
at
this
picture
of
myself,
...
This
picture
often
brings
back
to
me
many
happy
memories
of
________
(me)
high
school
days.
重点二
it的用法★★★★★
1.指时间、距离、天气、日期、温度等。
·It's
early
spring,
but
it
is
already
hot.
现在是初春，但是天气已经很热了。
2．指代前面提到过的事物、群体、想法等或代替指示代词this、that。
·Although
he
didn't
like
it,
I
decided
to
see
the
movie
anyway.
尽管他不喜欢这部电影，但我还是决定去看一看。
3．当说话者弄不清对方是谁，不清楚或没必要知道说话对象的性别时，可以用it来指代。
·What
will
you
call
it
if
it
is
a
boy?
要是男孩的话，你会给他取个什么名字？
4．做形式主语或形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或名词性从句。
·It
is
dangerous
for
you
to
swim
in
the
river.
你在这条河里游泳是危险的。(it做形式主语，to
swim
in
the
river是真正的主语)
·He
didn't
make
it
clear
when
and
where
the
meeting
would
be
held.
他没说清楚何时何地举行会议。(it做形式宾语，从句when
and
where
...是真正的宾语)
5．用于强调句型“It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who
...”
·John's
success
has
nothing
to
do
with
good
luck.
It
is
years
of
hard
work
that
has
made
him
what
he
is
today.
约翰的成功和好运气没关系。是多年的努力工作才使他有了今天。
(单句填空)
4．(2018·浙江高考)Many
westerners
who
come
to
China
cook
much
less
than
in
their
own
countries
once
they
realize
how
cheap
________
can
be
to
eat
out.
5．When
________
comes
to
diet
and
exercise,
we
know
what
to
do,
but
we
don't
do
what
we
know.
6．I
would
greatly
appreciate
it
________
you
could
tell
me
where
to
buy
necessary
equipment.
重点三
不定代词★★☆☆☆
1.other,
the
other,
another,
others,
the
others
other、
the
other、
another、
others、
the
others这一组词易混淆，考生在解题时注意考虑上下文的语境及这些词的基本用法。
(1)other不能单独使用，常与复数名词连用，如果前面有the、
some、
any、
each、
every、
no以及形容词性物主代词，也可与可数名词单数连用。
(2)others表示泛指，相当于“other＋复数名词”，可构成some
...
others
...“一些……另一些……”。
(3)“the
other＋单数可数名词”特指两者中的另一个，常有one
...
the
other
...“一个……另一个……”的搭配，其复数形式为the
others或“the
other＋复数名词”，特指在某些人或物中，除去一部分后，其余的人或物。
(4)another指三者或三者以上中的另一个，表示泛指，后接单数名词，也可以用于“another＋数词＋名词复数”表示“另外几个……”的含义。
2．one(s),
that,
those
在文中为避免重复，one(s)、
that、
those等都可以用来代替上文出现的名词：
(1)one代替的是前面提到的同类异物中的任何一个，相当于“a/an＋单数名词”；ones用来代替前面出现的复数名词，也表泛指。
(2)that代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物，所代替的名词可以是可数名词单数，也可以是不可数名词，其前面通常不能有修饰语，但可以有后置定语。
(3)those代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物，只能指代可数名词复数，相当于the
ones。
(4)具体公式可牢记：
a/an＋可数名词单数＝one
the＋可数名词单数＝that/the
one
the＋不可数名词＝that
the＋可数名词复数＝the
ones/those
可数名词复数＝ones
3．both、
all、
either、
any、
neither、
none的用法
都
任一
都不
两者
both
either
neither
三者或三者以上
all
any
none
4.something、
anything、
nothing的用法
句式
语意
something
肯定句
某事，某物
疑问句
请求，征求意见
anything
条件句、否定句、疑问句
任何东西(事物)
肯定句
任何东西(事物)
nothing
陈述句
没有一点东西
[核心提示] 固定搭配：anything
but(根本不)、
nothing
but(只不过；仅仅)、
all
but(差不多)、
none
but(仅仅；只有)。everything意为“每件事物；所有事物”，强调整体，与not连用时表示部分否定，意为“并不是所有事物都……”。
5．none、
no
one/nobody、
nothing的用法
指代
回答
特/泛指
none
人或物
how
many/much
特指
no
one/nobody
指人
who
泛指
nothing
指物
what
泛指
[核心提示] no
one(无任何人)、
nothing(无任何事)、
none(无任何上文提到的人或物)。
(单句填空)
7．The
problem
should
be
handled
very
carefully
to
balance
the
needs
of
people
with
________
of
nature.
8．These
films
are
all
more
boring
than
I
have
expected—________
of
them
interests
me.
9．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Mr.
and
Mrs.
Zhang
________
work
in
our
school.
【
技巧】
▲核心技法回顾
当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填代词；确定填代词之后，再看一下设空处所填代词是否与前文提到的人或物有指代关系。
1．做主语：人称代词主格(I、
we、
you、
he、
she、
they、
it)。
2．做宾语：人称代词宾格(me、
us、
you、
him、
her、
them、
it)、名词性物主代词(yours、
mine、
his、
hers、
ours、
theirs、
its)。
3．做表语：宾格代词或名词性物主代词。
4．做定语：形容词性物主代词(your、
my、
his、
her、
their、
our、
its)。
5．如果宾语与主语是指同一人，用反身代词(myself、
yourself、
himself,
herself、
itself,
ourselves、
yourselves、
themselves)，同时注意数的变化。
▲语法填空解题技法练习
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In
the
café，
customers
will
enjoy
(they)
in
the
historical
environment
which
is
created
for
them.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Running
is
cheap,
easy
and
it's
always
energetic.
If
you
are
time
poor,
you
need
run
for
only
half
the
time
to
get
the
same
benefits
as
other
sports,
so
perhaps
we
should
all
give
________
a
try.
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)When
the
gorillas
and
I
frightened
each
other,
I
was
just
glad
to
find
________
(they)
alive.
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)However,
the
railway
quickly
proved
to
be
a
great
success
and
within
six
months,
more
than
25,000
people
were
using
________
every
day.
二、冠词
重点一
冠词的基本用法★★★★★
1.不定冠词的基本用法
(1)用在第一次提到的可数名词单数前，表泛指。
·At
that
time,
I
was
working
in
a
factory.
The
factory
produces
car
parts.
那时，我在一家工厂工作。那家工厂生产各种汽车部件。
(2)泛指一类人或事物或指同类中的“一个”。
·Experts
think
that
the
recently
discovered
painting
may
be
a
Picasso.
专家们认为最近发现的那幅画可能是毕加索的作品。
(3)表示“每”，相当于per，用在表示价格、速度、频率等的短语中。
·Prices
start
at
￡13.95
a
yard
for
printed
cotton.
印花棉布以每码13.95英镑的价格起售。
(4)表示数量“一”(强调时用one)或“任何一个”。
·Suddenly
they
heard
a
loud
noise.
他们突然听到一声巨响。
(5)表示“某一个”，相当于a
certain。
·There
is
a
Mr.
Smith
on
the
phone.
有位史密斯先生打电话来。
(6)表示“同一；相同”，相当于the
same。
·They
happen
to
be
of
an
age
and
wear
clothes
of
a
colour.
他们碰巧同龄而且穿着相同颜色的衣服。
(7)不定冠词与物质名词或抽象名词连用
抽象名词和物质名词在表示概念时，其前常用零冠词；但在表示具体的人或事物时变成了可数名词，需要与不定冠词连用，表示“一个、一种、一场、一阵”等。具有此用法的名词有：
物质名词：rain、
snow、
fog、
wind、
drink、
coffee、
beer、
fire、
paper等；
抽象名词：success、
failure、
surprise、
pleasure、
beauty、
wonder、
comfort、
danger、
shock等。
·The
operation
is
a
success
and
the
patient
is
now
out
of
danger.
手术很成功，病人目前脱离了危险。
·After
preparing
all
the
equipment
for
an
outdoor
photography,
suddenly
a
heavy
rain
came.
为户外摄影做好一切准备后，突然下起了大雨。
2．定冠词the的用法
(1)特指前面已提及的人或物，或双方都知道的人或物。
·Take
your
time—it's
just
a
short
distance
from
here
to
the
restaurant.
不着急——从这里到那家餐馆只有很短的一段距离。
(2)用于单数可数名词或形容词及分词前，表“一类人或物”。
·The
explosion
saw
people
rush
to
help
the
injured.
爆炸发生后，人们赶到现场帮助受伤的人。
(3)用于表示朝代、年代的名词前，或用于整十的数词复数(表示某个年代)前。
·It's
said
that
corn
was
grown
a
lot
in
Tibet
in
the
17th
century.
据说在十七世纪的时候西藏大量种植玉米。
(4)用于表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示“一家人”或“夫
·The
Smiths
lived
in
the
apartment
above
ours.
史密斯夫妇住在我们楼上的公寓里。
(5)用于序数词或形容词最高级前使用定冠词表示“最……的”。
[核心提示] 当序数词不表示顺序而表示“又一；再一”时，用不定冠词，如a
second
time，意为“再一次；又一次”。
(6)用于“动词＋sb.＋介词＋the＋表示身体某一部位的名词”结构中，该结构中的the不能用物主代词代替。如take
sb.
by
the
arm“抓某人的胳膊”。
(7)用于“by＋the＋表示计量单位的单数名词”结构中，表示“按……计算”。如by
the
hour/day/week/month/kilo/ton/dozen等。但size、
weight、
time这类名词跟by连用时，不加冠词，如by
height/weight。
3．零冠词的基本用法(写作中一定要注意不能出错)
(1)专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词，如China、
America、
Smith。
(2)表示季节、月份、星期和节日的名词前和学科、语言、三餐、球类运动、棋类游戏的名词前不用冠词。
·I
like
physics
though
it's
a
bit
difficult.
尽管物理有点难，但我很喜欢。
[核心提示]
(1)表示语言的名词之后有language时则要加定冠词，如the
English
language。
(2)如果表示季节的名词指具体某年的某个季节，需加定冠词，如in
the
spring
of
the
year
2018。
(3)在中国的传统节日前用定冠词the，如the
Spring
Festival。
(4)称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词做宾语补足语及同位语时，不加冠词。常用的名词有king、
president、
chairman、
monitor、
head等。
(5)系动词turn后的单数名词做表语时，单数名词前不加冠词。
·After
years
of
hard
work,
Tom
turned
engineer
while
Mary
good
manager.
多年的努力后汤姆成了工程师，而玛丽成了好经理。
(6)as/though引导的部分倒装句，结构为“零冠词＋单数名词＋as/though＋主语＋谓语＋主句”，意为“虽然/尽管……但是……”。
·Hero
as/though
he
is,
he
has
some
shortcomings.
尽管他是个英雄，但他有些缺点。
(单句填空)
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Instead,
she
is
earning
$6,500
a
day
as
________
model
in
New
York.
2．(2017·浙江高考)It's
not
all
that
hard
to
build
an
advanced
and
large
vocabulary.
Like
many
things
in
life,
it's
________
ongoing
process,
and
________
best
part
of
the
process
is
that
there's
enough
room
for
improvement.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)They
live
far
from
the
school,
and
it
takes
them
about
________
hour
and
a
half
to
go
to
work
every
day.
重点二
冠词的固定搭配★★★★★
1．不定冠词用于固定搭配中
at
a
loss
不知所措；困惑
have
a
word
with
与……谈话
all
of
a
sudden
突然
in
a
hurry
匆忙地
as
a
rule
通常
be
on
a
visit
参观；拜访
as
a
matter
of
fact
事实上
as
a
result
因此
be
on
a
diet
节食
have
a
gift
for
在某方面有天赋
have/catch
a
cold
感冒
make
a
living
谋生
have/take
a
rest
休息
in
a
way
从某种意义上说
give
sb.
a
lift
让某人搭便车
2．定冠词用于固定短语中
at
the
moment
此刻；目前
at
the
same
time
同时
not
in
the
least
一点也不
on
the
contrary
相反
in
the
end
最后；最终
on
the
whole
总的来说
to
tell
the
truth
说实话
in
the
distance
在远处
on
the
other
hand
另一方面
to
the
point
中肯；切题
make
the
most
of
充分利用；最大限度地从某物获益
by
the
way
顺便说一下
go
to
the
cinema/theater
去看电影/戏剧
in
the
middle
of
在……中间
(单句填空)
4．(2019·浙江高考)Everybody
wears
________
same
style
of
clothes.
5．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Unexpectedly,
I'm
face?to?face
with
the
gorilla,
who
begins
screaming
at
________
top
of
her
lungs.
6．(上海高考)You
can
tell
when
you
are
over
the
top
and
on
the
downward
slope,
by
asking
yourself
________
number
of
questions.
7．I
was
always
interested
to
see
the
drivers
in
________
hurry
in
the
morning.
【
技巧】
▲核心技法回顾
1．根据泛指或特指选择冠词
如果空格后的名词或“形容词＋名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词很可能填冠词。
(1)如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“一个/本/种……”，一般填a/an。如果可翻译成“这/那个；这/那些”一般填the。
(2)如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句等做定语时很可能填the。
2．根据固定句式或固定搭配选择冠词
英语中有很多带有冠词的固定句式或短语，记住这些短语也有利于解此类问题。
3．看到辅(元)音音素开头的名词要想到可能会用不定冠词a(n)。
▲语法填空解题技法练习
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Of
________
nineteen
recognized
polar
bear
subpopulations,
three
are
declining,
six
are
stable,
one
is
increasing,
and
nine
lack
enough
data.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Each
of
my
cafes
will
have
a
different
theme
and
________
unique
style.
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)During
my
last
winter
holiday,
I
went
to
________
countryside
with
my
father
to
visit
my
grandparents.
I
found
a
big
change
there.
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Corn
production
has
jumped
nearly
125
percent
over
________
past
25
years,
while
rice
has
increased
only
7
percent.
5．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As
________
result,
people
will
eat
more
food
to
try
to
make
up
for
that
something
missing.
6．Paul
did
________
great
job
in
the
speech
contest.
He
must
have
practiced
many
times
last
week.
7．The
bridge
links
three
areas,
making
________
much
more
convenient
to
travel
from
one
to
another.
8．We
can
observe
that
artificial
intelligence
has
already
had
________
impact
on
our
lives
in
many
ways.
9．Also,
speaking
is
very
difficult
for
the
deaf,
because
they
can't
hear
________
(they)
own
voices.
10．(2020·哈六中一调)Stand
near
the
tower
to
see
the
roaring
sea
on
one
side
and
the
Great
Wall
on
the
.
11．I'm
afraid
you
can't
make
________
to
the
village
in
an
hour;
you
should
know
the
icy
road
is
not
easy
to
walk
on.
12．People
believe
writing
poems
provides
________
channel
through
which
they
can
express
their
feelings.
13．A
study
shows
the
students
who
are
engaged
in
after?school
activities
are
happier
than
________
who
are
not.
14．Seeing
everyone's
smiling
face
around
me,
I
thought
of
________
famous
quote
from
the
American
philosopher
Henry
David
Thoreau.
15．“The
Golden
Week”
is
believed
to
be
a
time
for
us
to
relax,
but
making
good
use
of
________
time
is
not
easy.
16．Their
charge
is
a
little
more
than
________
of
the
bus,
about
2
yuan
or
more
depending
on
distance,
but
it
is
very
convenient,
because
it
can
stop
at
any
point
you
want
along
the
route.
17．After
arriving,
we
put
our
luggage
in
the
hotel
room
and
booked
________
one?day
tour.
【
能力】
一、单项选择
1.
—I
don’t
know
whether
I
should
take
the
job
or
not,
Mum.
—I
leave
____________to
your
own
judgment.
A.
that
B.
it
C.
this
D.
what
2.
As
an
English
teacher,
I
think
it
necessary
listening
and
speaking
every
day.
A.
practicing
B.
practice
C.
to
practice
D.
practiced
3.
It
is
that
the
industrial
cities
of
the
nineteenth
century
in
England
do
not
attract
visitors.
A.
a
pity
B.
the
pity
C.
pity
D.
pities
4.
I’d
appreciate
_______________
if
you
could
give
me
an
early
reply.
A.
you
B.
myself
C.
it
D.
them
5.
The
new
online
library
makes___________
possible
for
students
to
choose
books
by
smart
Phone
off
campus.
A.
this
B.
one
C.
that
D.
it
6.
_____________
has
been
argued
that
gifted
children
should
be
grouped
in
special
classes.
A.
What
B.
That
C.
It
D.
As
7.
His
dream
was
that
the
Olympic
Games
would
make____
possible
for
countries
to
live
peacefully.
A.
that
B.
it
C.
which
D.
what
8.
New
channels
of
communication
have
made
possible
to
speak
instantly
to
someone
living
far
away.
A.
all
B.
that
C.
this
D.
it
9.
Caught
in
a
dilemma,
.
A.
it
was
hard
to
make
a
decision.
B.
nothing
seemed
to
be
of
help.
C.
making
a
decision
seemed
hard.
D.
he
found
it
hard
to
make
a
decision.
10.
Their
food
is
adequate.
It
includes
meat
at
least______,
vegetables
and
fruit.
A.
every
other
day
B.
every
second
days
C.
every
other
days
D.
every
two
day
11.
I
don't
think
it
wise
the
hard
work
that
they
have
refused
to
do.
A.
for
you
to
take
on
B.
of
you
to
take
on
C.
for
you
taking
on
D.
of
you
taking
on
12.
Until
now,we
have
raised
50,000
pounds
for
the
poor
children,_________is
quite
unexpected.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
who
D.
it
13.
You
may
depend
on________that
they
will
look
after
your
daughter
when
you
are
away.
A.
them
B.
this
C.
her
D.
it
14.
—
Which
of
the
two
films
did
you
prefer?
—
Actually
I
didn’t
like
______.
A.
either
of
them
B.
both
of
them
C.
none
of
them
D.
neither
of
them
15.
Tony
and
Sam
are
quite
strict
with
themselves
and
I
seldom
find____of
them
late
for
class.
A.
either
B.
neither
C.
any
D.
all
16.
All
these
changes
will
lead
to______stronger
and
more
powerful
China,______country
that
can
surprise
and
enrich
our
planet.
A.
a;
a
B.
a;
the
C.
the;
a
D.
the;
the
17.
The
two
rooms
are
of
________
size,
but
another
room
is
three
times
________
size
of
them.
A.
the;
a
B.
a;
the
C.
a;
a
D.
the;
the
18.
What
_______________
pity
that
you
couldn’t
be
there
to
receive
_______________
prize.
A.
the;
a
B.
a;
the
C.
a;
a
D.
a;
/
19.
The
student,
who
gave
his
life
to
save
a
child,
was
______
honor
to
our
school.
A
memorial
is
held
here
every
year
in
______
honor
of
him.
A.
an;
the
B.
an;
/
C.
the;
the
D.
a;/
20.
First
impression
are
the
most
lasting,you
never
get
_____
second
chance
to
make
________
first
impression.
A.
a;
the
B.
the;
the
C.
a;
a
D.
the;a
21.
The
police
have
________
power
to
arrest
bad
people
by
________
law.
A.
the;
the
B.
/;
/
C.
the;
/
D.
/
;
the
22.
My
friend
Mike
is
__________honest
boy.
You
can
believe
him.
A.
a
B.
an
C.
不填
D.
the
23.
The
moment
they
stepped
into
the
room,
they
saw_______very
Beethoven
gifted
in
writing
music.
A.
a
B.
an
C.
the
D.
/
24.
After
finishing
her
homework,
Sherry
played
______
piano
for
half
an
hour.
A.
不填
B.
an
C.
a
D.
the
25.
Beyond
stars
there
is
nothing
but
space.
A.
/...the
B.
the.../
C.
/.../
D.
the...the
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
26.
See
to
it
________
all
the
students
will
know
the
news.
27.
I
took
________
for
granted
that
David
would
attend
my
wedding,
but
he
didn't
turn
up
at
all.
28.
___________seems
that
most
houses
have
been
destroyed
by
the
storm.
29.
You
may
rely
on
_______
that
she
is
sure
to
attend
the
concert.
30.
The
earthquake
and
the
damage
_______
did
to
the
people
are
more
than
frightening.
31.
I
hate
____when
she
calls
me
at
work
—
I’m
always
too
busy
to
carry
on
a
conversation
with
her.
32.
As
you
know,
_______
is
a
fact
that
English
is
being
accepted
as
an
international
language.
33.
No
matter
how
busy
he
is,
he
makes_________a
rule
to
read
at
least
20
minutes
a
day.
34.
People
have
been
working
together
to
record
______
(it)
migration
and
make
sure
that
there
are
enough
plants
for
it
to
feed
on.
35.
It's
no
pleasure
________
(look)
through
these
any
longer.
36.
Dad
cleaned
the
house,
and
then
went
shopping.
When
he
came
back,
I
found______bunch
of
flowers
in
his
hand.
37.
He
prefers
_____steady
life.
38.
You
should
make
______abstract
of
what
the
professor
says.
39.
The
kitchen
is
in
_____
charge
of
the
cook.
40.
The
President
was
surrounded
by
reporters
_________
moment
he
came
out
of
the
hotel.
41.
Experts
say
the
way
you
design
your
home
could
play
________
part
in
whether
you
pack
on
the
pounds
or
keep
them
off.
42.
Today
is
the
only
day
when
you
can
begin
to
make
____
difference
to
your
life.
43.
______________________
beautiful
rose
garden
planted
ten
years
ago
by
my
father
grows
wonderfully.
44.
When
she
finally
arrived
at
the
lecture
hall,
the
lecture
had
already
come
to______
end.
45.
She
told
me
she
had
searched
the
room
for
the
amber
_______
day
before
but
without
success.
三、语法填空
1
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入
1个适当的单词或括号单词的正确形式。
The
Wandering
Earth
is
a
Chinese
science
fiction
movie,
46.
is
based
on
the
novel
of
47.
same
name
by
Liu
Cixin,
and
was
released
on
February
5,
2019,
the
Chinese
New
Year’s
Day.
After
learning
the
sun
is
dying
out,
people
all
around
the
world
feel
48.
(frighten),
so
they
build
giant
planet
thrusters
(星球推进器)
49.
(
move
)
the
earth
out
of
its
orbit
and
sail
50.
to
a
new
star
system.
The
2500
years’
journey
comes
with
unexpected
dangers,
but
in
order
to
save
humanity,
a
group
of
young
people
come
out
bravely
and
fight
hard
for
everyone’s
51.
(survive).
We
52.
(impress)
to
see
the
theme
of
this
film.
It
doesn’t
particularly
show
somebody’s
ability
to
save
our
world
53.
shows
all
the
human
beings
are
working
together,
54.
(spare)
no
effort
to
save
this
world.
The
Wandering
Earth
is
seen
by
people
as
the
dawn(开端)
of
Chinese
science
fiction
movies.
It
means
that
China’s
sci-fi
movies
have
55.
(official)
set
sail.
2
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.
Fido,
a
little
dog,was
very
anxious
to
get
the
favor
on
his
master.
He
took
care,
however,
neither
to
be
troublesome,56.
would
he
follow
him
into
the
living
room
unless
he
was
asked.
He
also
tried
to
make57.
(he)
useful
to
his
kind
master.
He
would
drive
away
strange
pigs
and
other
animals58.
came
into
the
yard.
Once
when
his
master
was
sick,
Fido59.
(lie)
at
the
room
door
and
did
not
leave,
even
to
get
his
food.
When
his
master
was
well
enough,
Fido
60.
(admit)
into
the
room,
and
showed
so
many
signs
of
joy
that
his
master
was
more
fond
61.
him
than
ever.
Fido
even
had
a
chance
of
62.
(save)
his
master's
life.
His
master
was
sleeping
in
a
summerhouse
with
Fido
at
his
side.
Suddenly63.
dog
saw
the
wall
shake,
and
dirt
fall
from
the
ceiling.
Fido
knew
that
there
was
danger,
and
began
barking64.
(
awake)
his
master.
As
this
did
not
succeed,
he
jumped
up,
and65.
(
gentle)
bit
his
finger.
His
master
had
just
time
to
get
out
of
the
door
when
the
whole
building
fell.
Fido
was
hurt
by
some
of
the
rubbish.
And
his
master
had
him
kindly
taken
care
of
till
he
got
well.
