2021届高考二轮英语语法专训
09.
定语从句
重点一
关系代词that、
which、
as引导的定语从句★★★★★
1.6种只用that引导定语从句的情况
(1)先行词是all、
everything、
anything、
nothing、
something、
little、
much、
none、
few、
the
one等不定代词时。(如先行词指人，可用who代替that)
(2)先行词被all、
any、
few、
every、
no、
little、
much、
some等词修饰时。(如先行词指人，可用who代替that)
(3)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词时。
(4)先行词被the
only、
the
very
(正是、恰是)、
the
last修饰时。(如先行词指人，可用who代替that)
(5)先行词含有人和物两者时。
(6)先行词在主句中做表语，或关系词在从句中做表语时。
2．4种只用which引导定语从句的情况
(1)先行词为物，引导非限制性定语从句时。
(2)先行词为物，关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时。
(3)先行词本身是that时。
(4)引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念时。
3．5种多用as引导定语从句的情况
(1)非限制性定语从句放在主句之前、主句之后或者插在主句中间皆可。
(2)非限制性定语从句的谓语为be
announced、
be
expected、
be
known、
be
mentioned、
be
reported、
be
said等被动式谓语。
(3)表示整个主句内容，有时含有“按照；正如；根据”等意思。
(4)在下列固定结构中，关系代词指代整个主句所述的内容：
①as
we
all
know我们都知道
②as
we
all
can
see正如我们大家所能看到的那样
③as
is
often
the
case情况常常如此
④as
is
well
known众所周知
(5)当先行词被such、
the
same、
so＋adj.＋a/an、
such
a/an＋adj.修饰时。
(单句填空)
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In
the
café，
customers
will
enjoy
themselves
in
the
historical
environment
________
is
created
for
them.
答案与解析 that/which 该句是定语从句，先行词是environment，指物，关系词在从句中做主语，应用that/which引导定语从句。故填that/which。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The
Chinese
Ministry
of
Agriculture
finds
that
between
2005—when
the
government
started
a
soil?testing
programme
________
gives
specific
fertilizer
recommendations
to
farmers—and
2011,
fertilizer
use
dropped
by
7.7
million
tons.
答案与解析 that/which 定语从句的先行词是programme，指物，根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，从句中缺少主语，故用关系词that或which引导定语从句。
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In
their
spare
time,
they
are
interested
in
planting
vegetables
in
their
garden,
is
on
the
rooftop
of
their
house.
答案与解析 which 分析句子结构可知，第二个逗号后面为一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面句子中的garden，定语从句中缺少主语，故用which。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
4．(全国卷Ⅰ)I'd
skipped
nearby
Guilin,
a
dream
place
for
tourists
seeking
the
limestone
mountain
tops
and
dark
waters
of
the
Li
River
________
are
pictured
by
artists
in
so
many
Chinese
paintings.
答案与解析 that/which 句意：我没有去附近的桂林，那是游客尽览石灰岩群峰和漓江绿水的梦幻之地，是被艺术家在许多国画中描绘过的地方。先行词为“the
limestone
mountain
tops
and
dark
waters
of
the
Li
River”，指物；关系词在从句中做主语，故填关系代词that/which。
重点二
关系代词who、
whom、
whose★★★☆☆
1.who和whom的用法
(1)先行词为one、
ones、
anyone、
those指代人时。
·Those
who
are
interested
in
the
film
can
contact
me.
对该电影感兴趣的可与我联系。
(2)当先行词为人且关系代词前面有介词时，只能用whom。whom在定语从句中做介词的宾语时，介词可放在后面，也可提前构成“介词＋whom(先行词指人)”结构。
·The
settlement
is
home
to
nearly
1,000
people,
many
of
whom
left
their
village
homes
for
a
better
life
in
the
city.
这里居住着将近1
000人，他们中的许多人都离开家乡去城市追求更好的生活。
2．whose的用法
whose指人或物，做定语，表示“……的”，可转换为“of＋关系代词”。关系代词whose可指人，表示“该人的”，也可指物，表示“该物的”；在以物为先行词时，可用of
which代替whose在从句中做定语。
[提示] 关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
·Tom
is
one
of
the
engineers
who
are
sent
abroad.
汤姆是被派往国外的工程师之一。
·Tom
is
the
only
one
of
the
engineers
who
has
come
up
with
the
solution.
汤姆就是唯一提出解决方案的那位工程师。
(单句填空)
5．(2018·浙江高考)Many
westerners
________
come
to
China
cook
much
less
than
in
their
own
countries
once
they
realize
how
cheap
it
can
be
to
eat
out.
答案与解析 who/that 分析句子成分可知“______
come
to
China”是定语从句，修饰先行词westerners,
定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词指人，故用关系代词who/that引导定语从句。
6．(2018·天津高考)Kate,
________
sister
I
shared
a
room
with
when
we
were
at
college,
has
gone
to
work
in
Australia.
答案与解析 whose 句意：凯特已去澳大利亚工作了。上大学期间，我和她的姐姐住同一房间。分析句子成分可知该句是非限制性定语从句，从句先行词为Kate，指人，关系词在定语从句中做名词sister的定语，故用关系代词whose。
重点三
关系副词引导的定语从句★★★★★
关系副词
先行词
句法功能
when
时间
时间状语，相当于表时间的“介词＋which”
where
地点、情形、状况、活动、关键点等
地点状语，相当于表地点的“介词＋which”
why
原因
原因状语，相当于for
which
·He
lived
in
a
time
when
the
blind
couldn't
get
much
education.
在他生活的那个时代，盲人是接受不了什么教育的。
·I
walked
up
to
the
top
of
the
hill
with
my
friend,
where
we
enjoyed
a
splendid
view
of
the
lake.
我和朋友一起登上了山顶，在山顶上我们欣赏到了湖光美景。
[提示] 若先行词为一些表示地点的抽象名词，如situation、
point、
stage、
position等，且引导词在从句中作状语，则常用关系副词where或“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，表示到了某种程度，在某种情况下；如果引导词在从句中做主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which引导。
·At
last
he
got
the
position
(that/which)
he
had
been
dreaming
of.
他最终得到了他梦寐以求的那个职位。
·I
have
come
to
the
point
where/at
which
I
can't
stand
him.
我已经到了无法容忍他的地步。
(单句填空)
7．(2019·天津高考)Their
child
is
at
the
stage
________
she
can
say
individual
words
but
not
full
sentences.
答案与解析 where 句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。分析句子结构可知设空处引导定语从句，先行词是the
stage，表抽象地点，关系词在定语从句中做地点状语，应用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。
8．(2019·江苏高考)We
have
entered
into
an
age
________
dreams
have
the
best
chance
of
coming
true.
答案与解析 when 句意：我们已经进入了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。分析句子结构可知设空处引导定语从句，先行词为an
age(一个时代)，指时间，关系词在从句中做时间状语，故用关系副词when引导定语从句。
9．(2018·江苏高考)
Self?driving
is
an
area
________
China
and
the
rest
of
the
world
are
on
the
same
starting
line.
答案与解析 where 句意：无人驾驶是中国和世界上其他国家处于同一起跑线上的一个领域。该句是定语从句，从句先行词为area，指地点，从句中缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语从句。
10．Sometimes,
the
reason
________
someone
gets
cancer
is
simply
an
unfortunate
mystery.
答案与解析 why 句意：有时，某人得癌症的原因确实是一个不幸的谜。本处先行词为the
reason，定语从句中缺原因状语，故用关系副词why。
重点四
介词＋关系代词★★★★★
1.“介词＋关系代词”既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。先行词指物/事时，关系代词用which；先行词指人时，关系代词用whom。当介词放在关系代词之前时，关系代词不能省略。
·Caring
for
the
soul
is
a
gradual
process
in
which
even
the
small
details
of
life
should
be
considered.
关爱灵魂是一个渐进的过程，在这个过程中，即使生活中的小细节也应顾及。
·He
bought
the
car
for
more
than
$20,000,
at
which
his
father
was
angry.
他花20
000多美元买了这辆车，他父亲对此很生气。
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句。
·The
growing
speed
of
a
plant
is
influenced
by
a
number
of
factors,
most
of
which
are
beyond
our
control.
植物的生长速度受到很多因素的影响，其中大部分因素是我们无法控制的。
·There
are
around
four
hundred
students
in
our
grade,
most
of
whom
are
from
the
Xicheng
District.
我们年级有大约四百名学生，其中大多数都来自西城区。
(单句填空)
11．Hua
Mulan,
the
story
of
________
has
been
told
by
generations
in
China,
is
a
fighter
from
the
Northern
Wei
Dynasty
(386－534)．
答案与解析 whom 定语从句先行词是Hua
Mulan,
指人，关系词在从句中做介词of
的宾语，应用关系代词whom引导定语从句。
12．In
his
small
house,
there
is
a
bookshelf,
the
top
of
________
is
filled
with
poetry
books.
答案与解析 which 定语从句先行词是bookshelf,
指物，关系词在从句中做介词of
的宾语，应用关系代词which引导定语从句。
【
技巧】
▲核心技法回顾
1．关系词应遵循“缺什么，补什么”的原则
(1)如果先行词指人，定语从句中缺少主语，限制性定语从句中用who/that；非限制性定语从句用who。
(2)如果先行词指人，定语从句中缺少宾语，限制性定语从句中用who/that/whom；非限制性定语从句用whom/who。
(3)如果先行词指物，定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，限制性定语从句中用which/that；非限制性定语从句用which。
(4)如果先行词指时间或地点，定语从句中缺少时间状语或地点状语，定语从句中用when或where；如果从句缺少的是主语或宾语，则用that或which。
(5)如果先行词指人，“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用whom；如果先行词指物，“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用which。
(6)不论先行词指人还是物，只要关系词在定语从句中做定语就用whose。
2．牢记3个不能用
(1)先行词指人时不能用which,
whom只做宾语。
(2)在介词或逗号之后不可以用that引导定语从句。
(3)what不能引导定语从句。
▲语法填空解题技法练习
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)One
afternoon
________
I
was
in
primary
school,
I
was
walking
by
the
school
playground.
答案与解析 when 本句是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是One
afternoon，指时间，关系词在定语从句中做时间状语，故用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)They
also
had
a
small
pond,
________
they
raised
fish.
答案与解析 where 该句是非限制性定语从句。定语从句先行词是a
small
pond，指地点，从句中缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语从句。
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two
of
the
authors
of
the
review
also
made
a
study
published
in
2014
________
showed
a
mere
five
to
10
minutes
a
day
of
running
reduced
the
risk
of
heart
disease
and
early
deaths
from
all
causes.
答案与解析 that/which 句意：该报告中的其中两名作者在2014年发表了一项研究，该项研究表明每天只跑5至10分钟便可以降低患心脏病或由于各种原因导致过早死亡的危险。先行词为study,
指物，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But
Sarah,
________
has
taken
part
in
shows
along
with
top
models,
wants
to
prove
that
she
has
brains
as
well
as
beauty.
答案与解析 who 句意：但是和超模参加过各种走秀的萨拉想证明她智慧与美貌并存。分析句子结构可知，本句有has
taken
part
in和wants
to
prove两个谓语部分，且中间无连词，故推知，空格处引导从句，结合语境可知，此处应为非限制性定语从句，修饰指人的先行词Sarah，从句中缺少主语，故用who引导非限制性定语从句。一些学生受Sarah影响很容易误填代词she。
5．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Like
anything,
it
is
possible
to
have
too
much
of
both,
________
is
not
good
for
the
health.
答案与解析 which 句意：像其他任何事情一样，两者可能摄入过多，这一点对健康没有好处。分析句子结构，由逗号以及句意可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且意为“这一点，这件事”，故应用关系代词which指代前面整个句子。一些学生受汉语影响很容易误填it，但是it不具备连接两个句子的功能。
【
能力】
一、单项选择
1.
The
general
at
last
got
a
chance
to
visit
the
village
______
he
used
to
fight,
______
he
had
been
dreaming
for
years.
A.
that;
which
B.
where:that
C.
where,
which
D.
in
which,
what
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：这位将军终于有机会参观他曾经战斗过的村庄，这是他多年来梦寐以求的。第一空：“he
used
to
fight”是定语从句，先行词the
village在从句中做地点状语，因此用where引导定语从句；第二空：“he
had
been
dreaming
for
years”是非限制性定语从句，应用which引导，意思为“这件事”，指代前面一整句话的内容。故选C。
2.
I
want
to
have
such
a
dictionary
______
he
has.
A.
as
B.
which
C.
that
D.
what
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句引导词。句意：我想要一本像他那样的字典。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句（从句不是完整的句子，所以不是结果状语从句），关系代词as引导限制性定语从句，常与such和the
same连用，本句中先行词为such
a
dictionary，故用as引导从句，在从句中作has的宾语。故选A项。
3.
The
first
place
______
they
visited
in
London
is
Big
Ben.
A.
who
B.
which
C.
what
D.
that
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们在伦敦参观的第一个地方是大本钟。分析句子结构结合句意可知，空处引导一个定语从句，从句缺少宾语，先行词为place且由序数词first修饰，所以只可用that引导该从句，代替先行词作从句的宾语。故选D项。
4.
The
new
system
in
development
Dr.
Grey
participated
is
not
being
utilized
in
the
current
National
Defense
program.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
whose
D.
that
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：Dr.
Grey参与研发的这套新的系统没有在目前的国防项目中被使用。句子主干The
new
system
is
not
being
utilized
in
the
current
National
Defense
program.。“
in
development
Dr.
Grey
participated“
在句中作定语从句，
修饰先行词
system，关系代词whose
指代先行词system在从句中作
development的定语。故选C项。
5.
Man
has
the
gift
of
reason,
enables
him
to
dominate
life
on
earth—and
the
chance
to
survive
as
long
as
the
solar
system
remains
hospitable
to
him.
A.
why
B.
which
C.
that
D.
as
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：人类拥有理性的天赋，这使得他能主宰地球上的生命，并且只要太阳系对他依然友好，他就有生存的机会。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的整个句子，
关系词代替它在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which。尽管as也可指代整个句子作主语，但句中没有“正如”之意，故排除D。故选B。
6.
Louise
thought
of
the
difficulty
she
could
have
easily
acquired
the
money
she
needed
to
start
her
career.
A.
after
which
B.
with
which
C.
without
which
D.
over
which
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Louise想到，如果没有这些困难，她可以很容易地获得开始她的事业所需要的钱。此处the
difficulty是先行词，指物，作介词的宾语，应用关系代词，这里是由介词without
+which引导的定语从句。故选C。
7.
Were
the
men
they
noticed
some
recruited
for
the
navy?
A.
the
ones
B.
who
C.
of
whom
D.
/
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们注意到的那些人中有人被招进海军吗？分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the
men，与从句中的some是所属关系，还原从句为：they
noticed
some
of
the
men
recruited
for
the
navy，指人，作宾语用关系代词whom，故选C。
8.
Addressing
these
important
issues
will
benefit
not
only
the
military
but,
is
often
the
case,
the
entire
country.
A.
as
B.
which
C.
that
D.
if
【答案】A
【解析】考查as引导的定语从句。句意：解决这些重要问题不仅有利于军队，而且往往有利于整个国家。固定句型：as
is
often
the
case“这是常有的事”，其中as是关系代词，“正如，就像……一样”，引导非限制性定语从句，且整个主句是先行词。故选A。
9.
We’ve
advanced
a
number
of
new
technological
innovations
helpful
in
opening
additional
markets
for
our
products
in
the
future.
A.
we
believe
are
helpful
B.
that
we
believe
they
are
helpful
C.
as
we
believe
are
D.
which
we
believe
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经推进了一些新的技术革新，我们相信这有助于我们的产品在未来打开更多的市场。此处innovations是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作believe的宾语，句中helpful作宾语补足语。故选D。
10.
The
life
events
of
this
moment
are
being
placed
in
your
experience
to
provide
you
with
a
perfect
context
the
true
wonder
and
glory
of
Who
You
Really
Are.
A.
within
where
you
could
experience
B.
within
that
to
experience
C.
which
to
experience
within
D.
within
which
to
experience
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：此刻的生活事件被放置在你的经验中，为你提供一个完美的背景。你可以在其中体验你是谁的真正的奇迹和荣耀。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句是定语从句。此处需要引导词指代先行词a
perfect
context，应用where或介词+which。根据句子结构可知，定语从句应用不定式表目的。experience是及物动词，其后可以直接加宾语，故选D项。
11.
The
New
York
Stock
Exchange
is
no
longer
the
company
the
general
public
thinks
it
is.
A.
which
B.
as
C.
where
D.
that
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：纽约证券交易所再也不是普通民众所认为的那个样子的公司了。空前名词company需要定语从句解释说明，关系代词that
引导定语从句，在定语从句中作表语。先行词在主句中作表语，从句中也缺表语时用that，不用which。故选D项。
12.
Victims
often
meet
resistance
in
the
very
legal
system,
evidence
may
be
overwhelmed
by
public
opinion.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
whose
D.
that
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：受害者往往会在法律制度本身遇到阻力，因为证据可能会被公众舆论淹没。此处legal
system是先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故选B。
13.
The
concert
world
as
a
whole
is
in
crisis
,but
jazz
,one
of
the
most
vulnerable
types
on
live
performance
,is
especially
on
the
edge.
A.
which
depends
B.
which
depend
C.
that
depend
D.
as
depends
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句和主谓一致。句意：音乐界整体上处于危机之中，而爵士乐作为依赖现场表演的最脆弱类型之一，尤其处于危机边缘。此处types是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，由形容词最高级修饰，所以定语从句由关系代词that引导，且先行词types是复数形式，故that是复数意义，谓语动词应用原形。故选C。
14.
The
result
is
not
the
same
they
had
expected,
was
rather
disappointing.
A.
what,
as
B.
as,
that
C.
that,
which
D.
as,
which
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：结果和他们预期的不一样，这是相当令人失望的。分析句子可知，“
they
had
expected”为限制性定语从句，先行词为“the
same”，当先行词是the
same或者先行词被the
same,
as
much/many修饰时，关系代词应用as。“
was
rather
disappointing.”是非限制性定语从句，结合句意，指代前面整个句子，从句中作主语，应用which引导非限制性定语从句。综上，故选D项。
15.
The
United
Nations
shows
great
concern
to
the
catastrophe,
at
request
international
aid
agencies
are
rushing
to
the
stricken
district.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
whose
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：联合国对这场灾难表示高度关注，应联合国要求，国际救援机构正赶赴灾区。分析句子结构可知，这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是The
United
Nations
，关系词在从句中作定语修饰
request
，因此用关系代词
whose引导。故选D项。
16.
He
was
the
first
one
in
the
village
_____________
a
company,
_____________
he
devoted
a
lot
of
time
and
energy.
A.
setting
up;
to
what
B.
setting
up;
for
which
C.
to
set
up;
to
which
D.
to
set
up;
for
what
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词不定式和定语从句。句意：他是村里第一个成立公司的人，为此他投入了大量的时间和精力。固定搭配set
up（成立），
the
+序数词+名词+
to
do
sth.（第几个做这件事情的……），第一空用动词不定式（
to
do）做代词one的后置定语；_____________
he
devoted
a
lot
of
time
and
energy是非限制性定语从句，先行词是a
company，本句还原为
he
devoted
a
lot
of
time
and
energy
to
a
company，先行词是物，用which引导，介词to可提到关系代词前，构成“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，即to
which。故选C项。
17.
In
the
film,
stories
about
people
________
lives
were
greatly
affected
by
the
earthquake
were
told.
A.
which
B.
whose
C.
who
D.
where
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这部电影讲述了那些生活受到地震极大影响的人们的故事。分析句子结构，“____
lives
were
greatly
affected
by
the
earthquake”是定语从句，先行词是people，在从句中作定语，因此用whose引导。故选B。
18.
It
was
from
the
few
supplies
________
she
had
bought
from
in
the
village
________
the
hostess
cooked
such
a
nice
dinner.
A.
that;
where
B.
which;
that
C.
that;
that
D.
that;
which
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：这个家庭主妇仅从村庄里买来的很简单的常用品就做出如此美味的一餐。第一个空处是一个定语从句，先行词是supplies，且前有the
few修饰，在从句中作宾语，只能用关系代词that引导；第二个空处是强调句，强调句型的基本结构：it
is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其它成分。本题的被强调部分是from
only
a
few
supplies
that
she
had
bought
from
in
the
village，因此用that。故选C项。
19.
I
wish
to
thank
Professor
Smith,
without
_______help
I
would
never
have
gone
that
far.
A.
who
B.
whom
C.
whose
D.
which
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句引导词。句意：我要感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助我不可能走到这一步。分析句子可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Professor
Smith，只有关系代词whose（指人或物）可以在从句中作定语，修饰名词help，without
whose
help引导从句，符合句意。故选C项。
20.
The
number
of
people
across
the
globe
________
weight
poses
a
serious
threat
to
their
health
is
greater
than
before.
A.
where
B.
which
C.
of
which
D.
whose
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：全球体重对健康构成严重威胁的人数比以往任何时候都多。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是people，在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故选D。
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
21.
As______（mention）
above，peanuts
are
fit
to
grow
in
sand
fields.
【答案】is
mentioned
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：如上所述，花生适合在沙地上生长。非限定性定语从句中，as指代后面整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，与mention之间是被动关系，陈述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，且谓语动词用单数，故填is
mentioned。
22.
The
output
has
doubled，______was
expected.
【答案】as
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：不出所料，产量翻了一番。分析可知，设空处引导非限制定语从句，先行词为前面的整个句子，关系词代替它在从句中充当主语，且意为“正如”，应用关系代词as。故填as。
23.
The
people___________whom
Mr.
Smith
associates
are
all
highly
respectable.
【答案】with
【解析】考查短语和定语从句。句意：与史密斯先生交往的那些人都很受人尊敬。短语associate
with，意为“与.....交往”，分析句子可知，whom
Mr.
Smith
associates为定语从句，先行词是The
people，在从句中作with的宾语，故填with。
24.
Happiness
and
success
often
come
to
those
______
are
good
at
recognizing
their
strengths.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：幸福和成功往往属于那些善于发现自己长处的人。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是those，从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导。故填who。
25.
Hilary
Clinton
said
Indian
Prime
Minister,_______
_______
she
met
earlier
Monday
,
had
accepted
an
invitation
from
President
Obama
to
visit
the
White
House
November
24.
【答案】with
whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：希拉里·克林顿说，印度总理已经接受了奥巴马总统的邀请，将于11月24日访问白宫。她星期一早些时候会见了印度总理。meet
with
sb.与某人见面。句中先行词为
Indian
Prime
Minister，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作介词with的宾语，所以用关系代词whom。故填with
whom。
26.
There
has
been
no
shortage
of
cases
over
the
past
decade
_______
people
hesitated
to
offer
assistance
to
those
who
are
in
need.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：在过去的十年里，人们犹豫为需要帮助者提供帮助的例子屡见不鲜。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为cases，定语从句中缺少状语，因此要用关系副词where，表示“人们犹豫为需要帮助者提供帮助的例子”。故填where。
27.
Since
the
late
1970s,
_______daily
smoking
among
high
school
seniors
reached
30
percent,
smoking
rates
among
youth
have
declined.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自20世纪70年代晚期以来，年轻人的抽烟率已经下降了，那时每天吸烟的高中生达到了30%。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the
late
1970s，关系词代替它在从句中充当时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。
28.
Good
publishers
find
and
cultivate
writers
,
some
of_______
do
not
initially
have
much
commercial
promise.
【答案】whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：优秀的出版商发现并培养作家，其中一些作家最初并没有多少商业前景。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是writers，从句中作介词of的宾语，指人，用关系代词whom，故填whom。
29.
Aristotle
considers
human
nature
,
habit
and
reason
to
be
equally
important
forces
to
be
cultivated
in
education
,________
_______the
ultimate
aim
should
be
to
produce
good
and
virtuous
citizens.
【答案】of
which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：亚里士多德认为人性、习惯和理性是教育中培养的同样重要的力量，其最终目的应该是培养善良的公民。分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句，从句中与从句主语the
ultimate
aim是所属关系，作介词of的宾语，故用关系代词which，故填of
which。
30.
Is
this
the
way
___________
was
against
by
many
people？
【答案】which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这是很多人反对的方式吗？本句是定语从句，从句修饰先行词the
way，先行词是物，在从句中作主语，关系词用which或that，故填which/that。
31.
Do
you
have
anything
______
you
don’t
understand?
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：你有什么不明白的吗？根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为anything，为不定代词，指物，在从句中作understand的宾语，故应用关系代词that引导从句。故填that。
32.
No
one
will
support
the
way
_________
he
mentioned
at
the
meeting.
【答案】that/which或省略不用
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：没有人会支持他在会上提到的办法。分析句子可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the
way，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，用that或which引导该从句，作宾语时，可省略。故填that/which或省略不用。
33.
It’s
on
such
occasions
________
his
classmates
get
together
that
he
misses
his
teachers.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：每当同学们聚在一起的时候，他就会想念老师。分析句子结构，
his
classmates
get
together是一个定语从句，修饰先行词occasions，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。根据句意，故填when。
34.
Money
is
something
_________
is
commonly
accepted
for
the
exchange
of
goods.
【答案】that
【解析】考查关系词。句意：金钱是通常用于交换商品的东西。根据句子可知空处后是限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中做主语，所以是关系代词。且something是先行词，故填that。
35.
She
has
a
brother
_______name
I
can’t
remember.
(定语从句）
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她有一个哥哥，我记不得他的名字了。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是brother，指人，关系词在定语从句中作定语，表示所属关系，意为“……的”，所以空处需用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。
36.
If
you
can
find
a
job
___________
you
can
combine
your
ability
and
your
interest,
then
you
are
a
lucky
dog.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：如果你能找到一份能把你的能力和兴趣结合起来的工作，那么你就是一个幸运儿。空处引导定语从句修饰先行词job，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
37.
The
famous
writer
is
going
to
talk
about
the
European
countries
and
people
__________
he
has
visited
in
the
past
two
months.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这位著名作家将谈论他在过去两个月里访问过的欧洲国家和人民。分析句子结构，“_______
he
has
visited
in
the
past
two
months.”为定语从句，从句缺少宾语，需用关系代词引导，先行词是“the
European
countries
and
people”，既有人也有物，需用关系代词that引导。故填that。
38.
He
often
lent
me
a
hand
when
I
was
in
trouble,
_____
which
I
was
grateful.
【答案】for
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当我遇到困难时，他经常帮助我，对此我很感激。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且根据短语be
grateful
for“对……心存感激”，可知应用介词for。故填for。
39.
Her
sudden
death
suggests
that
drug
abuse
is
such
a
serious
problem
_______we
should
deal
with
properly.
【答案】as
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他的突然死亡表明了吸毒是一个我们应该正确对待的严肃问题。分析句子可知，such
a
serious
problem作先行词，空格处应填定语从句的引导词，分析从句成分可知，we作主语，should
deal
with作谓语，后缺少宾语，根据定语从句的规则，先行词前有such
修饰并且从句中少主语或宾语时用as。故填as。
40.
The
teacher
didn't
understand
all
the
reasons
_______
were
given
by
the
student
for
being
absent
from
school
the
day
before.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这位老师并不能理解这位学生所给出的前天不来上课的理由。分析句子可知，the
reasons
作定语从句的先行词，从句中缺少主语，应填关系代词，根据定语从句规则，先行词前有all限定，只能用that。故填that。
三、语法填空
1
There
are
moments
in
life
41.
you
miss
some
people
so
much
that
you
just
want
to
pick
them
from
your
dreams
and
hug
them
for
real!
When
the
door
of
happiness
closes，42.
opens，but
often
we
look
so
long
at
the
closed
door
that
we
don't
see
the
one
which
43.
(close)
for
us.Don't
go
for
looks;
they
can
deceive(欺骗).
Don't
go
for
wealth;
even
that
fades
away.Go
for
someone
44.
makes
you
smile
because
it
takes
only
a
smile
to
make
a
dark
day
seem
bright.Dream
what
you
want
45.
(dream)；go
where
you
want
to
go;
be
what
you
want
to
be.The
46.
(happy)
people
don't
47.
(necessary)
have
the
best
of
everything;
they
just
make
the
most
of
everything
that
48.
(come)
along
their
way.The
brightest
future
will
always
be
based
on
a
49.
(forget)
past.When
you
were
born，you
were
crying
and
everyone
50.
you
was
smiling.Live
your
life
so
that
when
you
die，you're
the
one
who
is
smiling
and
everyone
around
you
is
crying.
【答案】
41.
when
42.
another
43.
has
been
closed
44.
who
45.
to
dream
46.
happiest
47.
necessarily
es
49.
forgotten
50.
around
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在生活中的一些体会：快乐的人不一定拥有最好的东西，他们只是珍惜人生中的一切，善于抓住生活中美好的一面，时刻对未来充满期许。
41.
考查定语从句。句意：生命中很多时候你会特别想念一些人以至于你想把他们从梦中拉出来，紧紧地拥抱他们。在先行词为时间名词moments，从句中缺少时间状语，故填when。
42.
考查形容词。句意：当一扇幸福的们关闭时，另一扇又打开时。another意为“另一，又一”，符合语境，故填another。
43.
考查时态和语态。句意：当一扇幸福的们关闭时，另一扇又打开时，但我们仅仅看到关着的门，而没看那扇早就为我们开着的门。根据语境，从句中的谓语应为现在完成时的被动语态，故填has
been
closed。
44.
考查定语从句的先行词。句意：寻找那些让你微笑的人，因为仅一个微笑就能让黑暗的一天雨过天晴。先行词someone是指人的不定代词，定语从句中谓语动词makes缺主语，故填who。
45.
考查动词的固定搭配。句意：做你想做的梦吧.去你想去的地方吧.成为你想成为的人吧。动词want后面加动词不定式，故此处应填to
dream。
46.
考查形容词的最高级。句意：最快乐的人不需要拥有世界上最好的东西。由空前的the和空后的best可知此处要用最高级，此处应填happiest。
47.
考查副词。句意：最快乐的人不需要拥有世界上最好的东西。动词have要用副词来修饰，故填necessarily，意为“必要地”。
48.
考查时态。句意：他们只是充分利用他们所拥有的东西。他们这里说的是客观事实，故用一般现在时；定语从句的关系代词that指代先行词everything，故该空填动词的第三人称单数comes。
49.
考查过去分词。句意：忘掉过去你将迎来美好的未来。Forgotten是forget的过去分词。名词past意为“过去”，和forget之间为动宾关系，故填过去分词作定语，故填forgotten。
50.
考查副词。句意：当你出生时，你在哭泣而你周边的人在微笑。around意为“环绕，在周围”，符合语境，故填around。
2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
girl
who
has
a
gift
for
drawing
I
went
to
an
exhibition
last
month,
51.
I
admired
a
lot
of
wonderful
paintings.
Mary,
52.
drawings
were
shown
at
the
exhibition,
is
a
model
student
53.
is
often
praised
for
her
good
work
at
school.
As
soon
as
we
got
into
the
exhibition
hall
54.
the
paintings
were
on
show,
our
eyes
were
caught
by
a
very
large
picture
55.
was
hung
on
the
wall
in
front
of
us.
The
horse
56.
was
drawn
in
the
picture
was
exactly
like
a
real
horse.
The
man
57.
was
riding
on
it
looked
like
a
living
man.
It
was
the
best
picture
58.
I
had
ever
seen,
and
I
should
say
Mary
is
the
best
young
painter
59.
I
have
ever
heard
of.
However,
you
will
be
quite
mistaken
if
you
think
that
Mary
was
born
a
good
painter.
One
of
her
teachers
told
me
that
it
had
taken
Mary
thousands
of
hours
to
learn
and
practise
drawing
before
she
became
the
best
young
painter
60.
has
ever
been
heard
of
in
her
hometown.
But
if
you
say
that
she
has
learned
to
be
so
good
at
drawing
only
by
working
hard
at
it,
I
will
certainly
agree
with
you.
【答案】
51.
where
52.
whose
53.
who/that
54.
where
55.
that/
which
56.
that/
which
57.
who/that
58.
that
59.
that
60.
that
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去看画展的一次经历。
51.
考查非限制性定语从句关系副词。句意：上个月我去了一个展览会，在那里我欣赏了很多很棒的画。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为an
exhibition，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语，意为“在那里”。故填where。
52.
考查非限制性定语从句关系代词。句意：玛丽的画作在展览会上展出，她是一个模范学生，经常因为她在学校的出色表现而受到表扬。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Mary，关系代词whose在从句中作定语，表示所有关系。故填whose。
53.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同2题。先行词为a
model
student，关系代词who/that在从句中作主语，指人。故填who/that。
54.
考查定语从句关系副词。句意：当我们进入展览大厅的时候，我们的眼睛被挂在我们面前墙上的巨幅画吸引住了。先行词为the
exhibition
hall，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
55.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同4句。先行词为picture，关系代词that/
which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/
which。
56.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：画中的马和真正的马一模一样。先行词为The
horse，关系代词that/
which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/
which。
57.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：骑在上面的人看起来像个活人。先行词为The
man，关系代词who/that在从句中作主语，指人。故填who/that。
58.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：这是我见过的最好的画，我应该说
Mary
是我听说过的最好的年轻画家。先行词为the
best
picture，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指物，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用
which。故填that。
59.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同8题。先行词为the
best
young
painter，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用who。故填that。
60.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：她的一个老师告诉我，玛丽花了几千个小时学习和练习绘画，才成为她家乡听说过的最好的年轻画家。先行词为the
best
young
painter，关系代词that在从句中作主语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用who。故填that。2021届高考二轮英语语法专训
09.
定语从句
重点一
关系代词that、
which、
as引导的定语从句★★★★★
1.6种只用that引导定语从句的情况
(1)先行词是all、
everything、
anything、
nothing、
something、
little、
much、
none、
few、
the
one等不定代词时。(如先行词指人，可用who代替that)
(2)先行词被all、
any、
few、
every、
no、
little、
much、
some等词修饰时。(如先行词指人，可用who代替that)
(3)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词时。
(4)先行词被the
only、
the
very
(正是、恰是)、
the
last修饰时。(如先行词指人，可用who代替that)
(5)先行词含有人和物两者时。
(6)先行词在主句中做表语，或关系词在从句中做表语时。
2．4种只用which引导定语从句的情况
(1)先行词为物，引导非限制性定语从句时。
(2)先行词为物，关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时。
(3)先行词本身是that时。
(4)引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念时。
3．5种多用as引导定语从句的情况
(1)非限制性定语从句放在主句之前、主句之后或者插在主句中间皆可。
(2)非限制性定语从句的谓语为be
announced、
be
expected、
be
known、
be
mentioned、
be
reported、
be
said等被动式谓语。
(3)表示整个主句内容，有时含有“按照；正如；根据”等意思。
(4)在下列固定结构中，关系代词指代整个主句所述的内容：
①as
we
all
know我们都知道
②as
we
all
can
see正如我们大家所能看到的那样
③as
is
often
the
case情况常常如此
④as
is
well
known众所周知
(5)当先行词被such、
the
same、
so＋adj.＋a/an、
such
a/an＋adj.修饰时。
(单句填空)
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In
the
café，
customers
will
enjoy
themselves
in
the
historical
environment
________
is
created
for
them.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The
Chinese
Ministry
of
Agriculture
finds
that
between
2005—when
the
government
started
a
soil?testing
programme
________
gives
specific
fertilizer
recommendations
to
farmers—and
2011,
fertilizer
use
dropped
by
7.7
million
tons.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In
their
spare
time,
they
are
interested
in
planting
vegetables
in
their
garden,
is
on
the
rooftop
of
their
house.
4．(全国卷Ⅰ)I'd
skipped
nearby
Guilin,
a
dream
place
for
tourists
seeking
the
limestone
mountain
tops
and
dark
waters
of
the
Li
River
________
are
pictured
by
artists
in
so
many
Chinese
paintings.
重点二
关系代词who、
whom、
whose★★★☆☆
1.who和whom的用法
(1)先行词为one、
ones、
anyone、
those指代人时。
·Those
who
are
interested
in
the
film
can
contact
me.
对该电影感兴趣的可与我联系。
(2)当先行词为人且关系代词前面有介词时，只能用whom。whom在定语从句中做介词的宾语时，介词可放在后面，也可提前构成“介词＋whom(先行词指人)”结构。
·The
settlement
is
home
to
nearly
1,000
people,
many
of
whom
left
their
village
homes
for
a
better
life
in
the
city.
这里居住着将近1
000人，他们中的许多人都离开家乡去城市追求更好的生活。
2．whose的用法
whose指人或物，做定语，表示“……的”，可转换为“of＋关系代词”。关系代词whose可指人，表示“该人的”，也可指物，表示“该物的”；在以物为先行词时，可用of
which代替whose在从句中做定语。
[提示] 关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
·Tom
is
one
of
the
engineers
who
are
sent
abroad.
汤姆是被派往国外的工程师之一。
·Tom
is
the
only
one
of
the
engineers
who
has
come
up
with
the
solution.
汤姆就是唯一提出解决方案的那位工程师。
(单句填空)
5．(2018·浙江高考)Many
westerners
________
come
to
China
cook
much
less
than
in
their
own
countries
once
they
realize
how
cheap
it
can
be
to
eat
out.
6．(2018·天津高考)Kate,
________
sister
I
shared
a
room
with
when
we
were
at
college,
has
gone
to
work
in
Australia.
重点三
关系副词引导的定语从句★★★★★
关系副词
先行词
句法功能
when
时间
时间状语，相当于表时间的“介词＋which”
where
地点、情形、状况、活动、关键点等
地点状语，相当于表地点的“介词＋which”
why
原因
原因状语，相当于for
which
·He
lived
in
a
time
when
the
blind
couldn't
get
much
education.
在他生活的那个时代，盲人是接受不了什么教育的。
·I
walked
up
to
the
top
of
the
hill
with
my
friend,
where
we
enjoyed
a
splendid
view
of
the
lake.
我和朋友一起登上了山顶，在山顶上我们欣赏到了湖光美景。
[提示] 若先行词为一些表示地点的抽象名词，如situation、
point、
stage、
position等，且引导词在从句中作状语，则常用关系副词where或“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，表示到了某种程度，在某种情况下；如果引导词在从句中做主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which引导。
·At
last
he
got
the
position
(that/which)
he
had
been
dreaming
of.
他最终得到了他梦寐以求的那个职位。
·I
have
come
to
the
point
where/at
which
I
can't
stand
him.
我已经到了无法容忍他的地步。
(单句填空)
7．(2019·天津高考)Their
child
is
at
the
stage
________
she
can
say
individual
words
but
not
full
sentences.
8．(2019·江苏高考)We
have
entered
into
an
age
________
dreams
have
the
best
chance
of
coming
true.
9．(2018·江苏高考)
Self?driving
is
an
area
________
China
and
the
rest
of
the
world
are
on
the
same
starting
line.
10．Sometimes,
the
reason
________
someone
gets
cancer
is
simply
an
unfortunate
mystery.
重点四
介词＋关系代词★★★★★
1.“介词＋关系代词”既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。先行词指物/事时，关系代词用which；先行词指人时，关系代词用whom。当介词放在关系代词之前时，关系代词不能省略。
·Caring
for
the
soul
is
a
gradual
process
in
which
even
the
small
details
of
life
should
be
considered.
关爱灵魂是一个渐进的过程，在这个过程中，即使生活中的小细节也应顾及。
·He
bought
the
car
for
more
than
$20,000,
at
which
his
father
was
angry.
他花20
000多美元买了这辆车，他父亲对此很生气。
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句。
·The
growing
speed
of
a
plant
is
influenced
by
a
number
of
factors,
most
of
which
are
beyond
our
control.
植物的生长速度受到很多因素的影响，其中大部分因素是我们无法控制的。
·There
are
around
four
hundred
students
in
our
grade,
most
of
whom
are
from
the
Xicheng
District.
我们年级有大约四百名学生，其中大多数都来自西城区。
(单句填空)
11．Hua
Mulan,
the
story
of
________
has
been
told
by
generations
in
China,
is
a
fighter
from
the
Northern
Wei
Dynasty
(386－534)．
12．In
his
small
house,
there
is
a
bookshelf,
the
top
of
________
is
filled
with
poetry
books.
【
技巧】
▲核心技法回顾
1．关系词应遵循“缺什么，补什么”的原则
(1)如果先行词指人，定语从句中缺少主语，限制性定语从句中用who/that；非限制性定语从句用who。
(2)如果先行词指人，定语从句中缺少宾语，限制性定语从句中用who/that/whom；非限制性定语从句用whom/who。
(3)如果先行词指物，定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，限制性定语从句中用which/that；非限制性定语从句用which。
(4)如果先行词指时间或地点，定语从句中缺少时间状语或地点状语，定语从句中用when或where；如果从句缺少的是主语或宾语，则用that或which。
(5)如果先行词指人，“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用whom；如果先行词指物，“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用which。
(6)不论先行词指人还是物，只要关系词在定语从句中做定语就用whose。
2．牢记3个不能用
(1)先行词指人时不能用which,
whom只做宾语。
(2)在介词或逗号之后不可以用that引导定语从句。
(3)what不能引导定语从句。
▲语法填空解题技法练习
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)One
afternoon
________
I
was
in
primary
school,
I
was
walking
by
the
school
playground.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)They
also
had
a
small
pond,
________
they
raised
fish.
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two
of
the
authors
of
the
review
also
made
a
study
published
in
2014
________
showed
a
mere
five
to
10
minutes
a
day
of
running
reduced
the
risk
of
heart
disease
and
early
deaths
from
all
causes.
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But
Sarah,
________
has
taken
part
in
shows
along
with
top
models,
wants
to
prove
that
she
has
brains
as
well
as
beauty.
5．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Like
anything,
it
is
possible
to
have
too
much
of
both,
________
is
not
good
for
the
health.
【
能力】
一、单项选择
1.
The
general
at
last
got
a
chance
to
visit
the
village
______
he
used
to
fight,
______
he
had
been
dreaming
for
years.
A.
that;
which
B.
where:that
C.
where,
which
D.
in
which,
what
2.
I
want
to
have
such
a
dictionary
______
he
has.
A.
as
B.
which
C.
that
D.
what
3.
The
first
place
______
they
visited
in
London
is
Big
Ben.
A.
who
B.
which
C.
what
D.
that
4.
The
new
system
in
development
Dr.
Grey
participated
is
not
being
utilized
in
the
current
National
Defense
program.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
whose
D.
that
5.
Man
has
the
gift
of
reason,
enables
him
to
dominate
life
on
earth—and
the
chance
to
survive
as
long
as
the
solar
system
remains
hospitable
to
him.
A.
why
B.
which
C.
that
D.
as
6.
Louise
thought
of
the
difficulty
she
could
have
easily
acquired
the
money
she
needed
to
start
her
career.
A.
after
which
B.
with
which
C.
without
which
D.
over
which
7.
Were
the
men
they
noticed
some
recruited
for
the
navy?
A.
the
ones
B.
who
C.
of
whom
D.
/
8.
Addressing
these
important
issues
will
benefit
not
only
the
military
but,
is
often
the
case,
the
entire
country.
A.
as
B.
which
C.
that
D.
if
9.
We’ve
advanced
a
number
of
new
technological
innovations
helpful
in
opening
additional
markets
for
our
products
in
the
future.
A.
we
believe
are
helpful
B.
that
we
believe
they
are
helpful
C.
as
we
believe
are
D.
which
we
believe
10.
The
life
events
of
this
moment
are
being
placed
in
your
experience
to
provide
you
with
a
perfect
context
the
true
wonder
and
glory
of
Who
You
Really
Are.
A.
within
where
you
could
experience
B.
within
that
to
experience
C.
which
to
experience
within
D.
within
which
to
experience
11.
The
New
York
Stock
Exchange
is
no
longer
the
company
the
general
public
thinks
it
is.
A.
which
B.
as
C.
where
D.
that
12.
Victims
often
meet
resistance
in
the
very
legal
system,
evidence
may
be
overwhelmed
by
public
opinion.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
whose
D.
that
13.
The
concert
world
as
a
whole
is
in
crisis
,but
jazz
,one
of
the
most
vulnerable
types
on
live
performance
,is
especially
on
the
edge.
A.
which
depends
B.
which
depend
C.
that
depend
D.
as
depends
14.
The
result
is
not
the
same
they
had
expected,
was
rather
disappointing.
A.
what,
as
B.
as,
that
C.
that,
which
D.
as,
which
15.
The
United
Nations
shows
great
concern
to
the
catastrophe,
at
request
international
aid
agencies
are
rushing
to
the
stricken
district.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
whose
16.
He
was
the
first
one
in
the
village
_____________
a
company,
_____________
he
devoted
a
lot
of
time
and
energy.
A.
setting
up;
to
what
B.
setting
up;
for
which
C.
to
set
up;
to
which
D.
to
set
up;
for
what
17.
In
the
film,
stories
about
people
________
lives
were
greatly
affected
by
the
earthquake
were
told.
A.
which
B.
whose
C.
who
D.
where
18.
It
was
from
the
few
supplies
________
she
had
bought
from
in
the
village
________
the
hostess
cooked
such
a
nice
dinner.
A.
that;
where
B.
which;
that
C.
that;
that
D.
that;
which
19.
I
wish
to
thank
Professor
Smith,
without
_______help
I
would
never
have
gone
that
far.
A.
who
B.
whom
C.
whose
D.
which
20.
The
number
of
people
across
the
globe
________
weight
poses
a
serious
threat
to
their
health
is
greater
than
before.
A.
where
B.
which
C.
of
which
D.
whose
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
21.
As______（mention）
above，peanuts
are
fit
to
grow
in
sand
fields.
22.
The
output
has
doubled，______was
expected.
23.
The
people___________whom
Mr.
Smith
associates
are
all
highly
respectable.
24.
Happiness
and
success
often
come
to
those
______
are
good
at
recognizing
their
strengths.
25.
Hilary
Clinton
said
Indian
Prime
Minister,_______
_______
she
met
earlier
Monday
,
had
accepted
an
invitation
from
President
Obama
to
visit
the
White
House
November
24.
26.
There
has
been
no
shortage
of
cases
over
the
past
decade
_______
people
hesitated
to
offer
assistance
to
those
who
are
in
need.
27.
Since
the
late
1970s,
_______daily
smoking
among
high
school
seniors
reached
30
percent,
smoking
rates
among
youth
have
declined.
28.
Good
publishers
find
and
cultivate
writers
,
some
of_______
do
not
initially
have
much
commercial
promise.
29.
Aristotle
considers
human
nature
,
habit
and
reason
to
be
equally
important
forces
to
be
cultivated
in
education
,________
_______the
ultimate
aim
should
be
to
produce
good
and
virtuous
citizens.
30.
Is
this
the
way
___________
was
against
by
many
people？
31.
Do
you
have
anything
______
you
don’t
understand?
32.
No
one
will
support
the
way
_________
he
mentioned
at
the
meeting.
33.
It’s
on
such
occasions
________
his
classmates
get
together
that
he
misses
his
teachers.
34.
Money
is
something
_________
is
commonly
accepted
for
the
exchange
of
goods.
35.
She
has
a
brother
_______name
I
can’t
remember.
(定语从句）
36.
If
you
can
find
a
job
___________
you
can
combine
your
ability
and
your
interest,
then
you
are
a
lucky
dog.
37.
The
famous
writer
is
going
to
talk
about
the
European
countries
and
people
__________
he
has
visited
in
the
past
two
months.
38.
He
often
lent
me
a
hand
when
I
was
in
trouble,
_____
which
I
was
grateful.
39.
Her
sudden
death
suggests
that
drug
abuse
is
such
a
serious
problem
_______we
should
deal
with
properly.
40.
The
teacher
didn't
understand
all
the
reasons
_______
were
given
by
the
student
for
being
absent
from
school
the
day
before.
三、语法填空
1
There
are
moments
in
life
41.
you
miss
some
people
so
much
that
you
just
want
to
pick
them
from
your
dreams
and
hug
them
for
real!
When
the
door
of
happiness
closes，42.
opens，but
often
we
look
so
long
at
the
closed
door
that
we
don't
see
the
one
which
43.
(close)
for
us.Don't
go
for
looks;
they
can
deceive(欺骗).
Don't
go
for
wealth;
even
that
fades
away.Go
for
someone
44.
makes
you
smile
because
it
takes
only
a
smile
to
make
a
dark
day
seem
bright.Dream
what
you
want
45.
(dream)；go
where
you
want
to
go;
be
what
you
want
to
be.The
46.
(happy)
people
don't
47.
(necessary)
have
the
best
of
everything;
they
just
make
the
most
of
everything
that
48.
(come)
along
their
way.The
brightest
future
will
always
be
based
on
a
49.
(forget)
past.When
you
were
born，you
were
crying
and
everyone
50.
you
was
smiling.Live
your
life
so
that
when
you
die，you're
the
one
who
is
smiling
and
everyone
around
you
is
crying.
2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
girl
who
has
a
gift
for
drawing
I
went
to
an
exhibition
last
month,
51.
I
admired
a
lot
of
wonderful
paintings.
Mary,
52.
drawings
were
shown
at
the
exhibition,
is
a
model
student
53.
is
often
praised
for
her
good
work
at
school.
As
soon
as
we
got
into
the
exhibition
hall
54.
the
paintings
were
on
show,
our
eyes
were
caught
by
a
very
large
picture
55.
was
hung
on
the
wall
in
front
of
us.
The
horse
56.
was
drawn
in
the
picture
was
exactly
like
a
real
horse.
The
man
57.
was
riding
on
it
looked
like
a
living
man.
It
was
the
best
picture
58.
I
had
ever
seen,
and
I
should
say
Mary
is
the
best
young
painter
59.
I
have
ever
heard
of.
However,
you
will
be
quite
mistaken
if
you
think
that
Mary
was
born
a
good
painter.
One
of
her
teachers
told
me
that
it
had
taken
Mary
thousands
of
hours
to
learn
and
practise
drawing
before
she
became
the
best
young
painter
60.
has
ever
been
heard
of
in
her
hometown.
But
if
you
say
that
she
has
learned
to
be
so
good
at
drawing
only
by
working
hard
at
it,
I
will
certainly
agree
with
you.
