2021年中考英语二轮语法专题复习精讲精练课件情态动词（23张PPT)

2021年中考英语二轮语法专题复习课件
情态动词
情态动词
基本特征
有词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形构成谓语
无人称和数的变化
后接动词原形
情态动词的
基本用法
表能力：can, can’t, could, couldn’t
表请求：will, would, may, could, might, shall
表禁止：mustn’t
表不需要：needn’t
表建议：should, had better
情态动词表推测
表肯定推测：must>could>may>might
表否定推测：can’t>may not
情态动词具有一定词义，不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形连用一起构成谓语。用来表示愿望、态度或推测等。
一、情态动词的情态意义表示法
考点一：can可表示现在或将来的能力，意为“能；会”。can?还可表示请求、允许，意为“可以”。
考点二：could?可表示过去的能力；当could?表示允许时，语气比can?更加委婉和客气。couldn’t意为“不能”。
考点三：may表示请求、允许，意为“可以”。
考点四：might?表示允许时，语气比may更加委婉和客气。
考点五：must?表示义务、命令或必要，意为“必须”，强调主观看法。mustn’t?表示“不允许；禁止”之意。
考点六：have to意为“不得不”，强调客观需要。
考点七：should?意为“应该”，既可以表示义务或责任，也可以表示劝告或建议。其否定式为shouldn’t，意为“不应该”。
考点八：had better do sth.?意为“最好做某事”，其否定式是在better后加not。
考点九：need表示“需要”，通常用于否定句或疑问句中。
二、情态动词的推测用法
(以下情态动词对可能性的推测排列顺序由强到弱)
情态动词
肯定式
否定式
疑问式
must
必定；必然
/
/
can
/
不可能
有可能吗
could
微弱的可能
/
有可能吗
may
或许；也许
可能不
/
might
可能
可能不
/
三、情态动词一般疑问句的回答
考点一：may?表示请求时，用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句中，其否定回答不用may not (不可以)，而用mustn’t?或can’t。
考点二：在回答由must?引起的一般疑问句时，肯定回答常用must，否定回答常用needn’t?或don’t have to，表示“不必”。
考点三：在回答由need?引起的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t。
考点四：?在回答由could(请求对方许可，表示委婉语气)引起的一般疑问句时，常用can / can’t?回答。在回答由can?引起的表示请求的一般疑问句时，用can / can’t回答。
Ⅰ. 选词语填空
could, have to, had better
1. —Jenny, let’s go swimming this afternoon!
—Sorry, I’m afraid not. I __________ look after my little sister.
2. You __________ not walk so slowly, or we will miss the train.
3. __________ you please open the window? It’s too hot inside the room.
have to?
had better?
Could
Ⅱ.?选词填空
1. —I went to Mount Wudang with my five friends in one small
car last weekend.
—Really? I think it _______(must / mustn’t) be an
uncomfortable trip.
2. Mr. Green _______(can’t / might not) be at home now. He went abroad on vacation yesterday.
3. —Is Mary coming to the concert tomorrow?
—I’m not sure. She _______(can / may) not come.
must?
can’t?
may
Ⅲ.?按要求完成下列各题
1. —Need I take the umbrella with me today??(补全肯定答语)
—Yes, _______ _______. Look at the dark clouds!
2. —Must I finish the report by Friday? (补全否定答语)
—No, _______ _______. You can finish it by next Tuesday.
3. —Could you go fishing with me this Saturday? (补全肯定答语)
—Yes, _______ _______.
you must?
you needn’t?
I can
Ⅳ. 汉译英
1.?你最好不要熬夜，熬夜有害健康。
?????? ???????????????????????????????????????????
2.?我们应该把我们的国家建设成一个和平而富强的国家。
?????? ? ??????????????????????????????????????????
3.?天太晚了，我现在不得不走了。
4.?这副眼镜肯定是Tony的。
?????? ???????????????????????????????????????????
5.?当你旅行时，带上一幅地图，因为它可能对你有帮助。
You had better not stay up late; it’s harmful to your health.?
We should build our country into a peaceful and wealthy country.
It’s too late, so I have to go now.
This pair of glasses must be Tony’s.
When you travel, bring a map because it may / might help you.
1. You are not allowed to play with fire in the forest. It _______ kill plants, animals and even people. (2020云南昆明)
A. might B. might not C. should D. should not
2. —Must I hand in the report now, sir?
—________ .You can hand it in tomorrow. (2020广西百色)
A. Yes, you can B. Yes, you must
C. No, you needn’t D. No, you mustn’t
A
C
3. He _______ sleep, although he tried to. One cup of coffee in the late afternoon caused him to stay awake almost all night. (2020内蒙古呼和浩特)
A. wouldn't B. shouldn't C. couldn't D. mustn't
4. —Allen, shall we go to the bookstore this afternoon?
—I'm sorry. David, but I ________ meet my cousin at the
train station. (2020山东青岛)
A. have to B. can C. may D. could
C
A
5. —Where’re my keys? I’m afraid I lost them again.
—Don’t worry! With the new lock, you _______ search for
them any more. (2020辽宁营口)
A. shouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
6. From the top of the Autumn Hill people ________ enjoy the fullest sight of Ge Garden. (2020江苏扬州)
A. have to B. need C. should D. can
D
D
7. —I don’t care what people think.
—Well, you _______. Some opinions are worth weighing.
(2020湖北武汉)
A. might B. should C. could D. would
8. —The article says that one’s personality depends on his
animal sign.
—You _______ read it for fun, but don’t believe in that.
(2020江苏南通)
A. can B. must C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
B
A
9. According to the traffic law, children under 12 ________ ride bicycles on the road. (2020上海)
A. won't B. wouldn't C. needn't D. mustn't
10. — In China, many students feel stressed because of too
much homework.
— Don't worry. Our government has realized this problem.
I'm sure there _______ be good news for them soon.
(2020江苏泰州)
A. can B. must C. should D. need
D
B
11. —Whose magazine is this?
— It _________ be Nancy’s. Look! Her name is on its cover
(封面). (2020黑龙江哈尔滨)
A. must B. can’t C. mustn’t
12. —Mum, why do I have to wash hands so many times a day?
—For your health, you _______ be too careful.
(2020江苏苏州)
A. can't B. shouldn't C. mustn't D. needn't
A
A
13. I ________ be late, so don’t wait for me to start the meeting.
(2020天津)
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. need D. may
14. —________ we leave the library before 5 o’clock?
—No, you needn’t. You can stay here until 5:30.
(2020四川乐山)
A. Must B. May C. Can
A
D
15. By the time she was eight, Linda _______ read English and French. (2020江苏南京)
A. could B. must C. need D. may
16. —Is this blue schoolbag Lucy's?
—No. It _______ be hers. Her schoolbag is pink.
(2020湖北黄冈)
A. must B. mustn't C. can't D. may
A
C
17. —_______ you give me a hand? I can't move the box by
myself.
—No problem. (2020北京)
A. Could B. Should C. Must D. Need
A