2021年中考英语二轮语法专题复习精讲精练课件宾语从句（28张PPT)

2021年中考英语二轮语法专题复习课件
宾语从句
从语序着手，宾语从句的语序应该为陈述句语序，
即：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋其他；
根据语境来判断疑问词，询问内容用what，时间用
when/what time，地点用where，原因用why，方式用
how等；
从时态考虑，如果有明显的时间状语，要以时间状语
来判断时态。
宾语从句
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}引导词
引导词的作用
例句
that
that引导宾语从句时在句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，可以省略
I believe （that） April is the hottest month in Thailand.
whether/if
意为“是否”，不作句子成分，但不能省略
I don't know whether he will come home for the festival or not.
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}引导词
引导词的作用
例句
连接代词(what/which/who/
whose/whom等)
在从句中作一定的成分， 如：主语、宾语、定语等
I want to know what they are going to do.
连接副词
when （表时间）/
where（表地点）/
why（表原因）/
how（表方式）等
在从句中作状语
I wonder how I should deal with my problem.
1. 宾语从句的连接词
(1) 连接词that
that在从句中无词义，不充当句子成分，在口语中常可省略。但在以下情况下that 不能省略。
1)当宾语从句的主语是that时。如
He says that that is a useful book.
他说那是一本有用的书。
2)当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时。如:
I'm afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it
我恐怕如果你丟了它，你必须赔偿。
3)当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时，除第一个从句
中的that可以省略外,其余从句中的that都不可以省略。如：
He said ( that) the film was very interesting and that he
enjoyed seeing it very much.
他说这部电影非常有趣,并且他非常喜欢看。
(2)连接词if / whether
if / whether在从句中有词义，意为“是否”，但不充当
成分。一般情况下两者可以互换，不同的是 whether后可
接 or not，而一般不与or not直接连用。如:
I don’t know if/ whether you can help me.
我不知道你是否能够帮我。
I don’t know whether or not they will come. (不说: I don't know if or not they will come.)
我不知道他们来不来。
I wonder whether it is true or not
我想知道那是真的还是假的。
用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if而用 whether。试比较：
Please let me know if you want to go.
如果你想去，请告诉我。/请告诉我你是否想去。
Please let me know whether you want to go.
请告诉我你是否想去。
(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever,
whatever在句中有词义，并且充当从句中的主语、宾语、
表语、定语。
I wonder what he' s writing to me. (宾语)
我想知道他正在写什么给我。
He can‘t decide which sweater he should buy (定语)
他不能决定他该买哪件毛衣。
(4)连接副词 where, when, how, why在句中有词义，并且充当
从句中的状语。
I'll tell you why I asked you to come.(原因状语)
我会告诉你我为什么要你来。
Could you tell me where Tom has gone?(地点状语)
你能告诉我汤姆去哪里了吗?
want to know when you can finish the work(时间状语)
我想知道你什么时候能够完成这项工作
2.宾语从句的时态
(1)如果主句是现在的某种时态(包括一般现在时现在进行时、
现在完成时)。那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
如:
I remember he gave me a book yesterday.
我记得他昨天给了我一本书。
He has told me that he'll leave for New York tomorrow.
他已告诉我明天他就动身去纽约了。
(2)如果主句是过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行
时)，那么宾语从句一般要用过去的某种时态(包括一般
过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。如：
He told me that he would take part in the high jump.
他告诉我他将会参加跳高比赛。
(3)如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是一
般过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。如:
He told me that the earth is round.(客观事实)
他告诉我地球是圆的。
3.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序。在把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时，要特别注意从句的语序，即按照主语谓语的顺序。如:
What's Kate's e-mail address? Do you know?
= Do you know what Kate's e-mail address is?
你知道凯特的电子邮件地址吗?
4.宾语从句的否定转移
在主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose等时,要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。如：
I don't think he will come with you.
我认为他不会和你一起来。
1. —Could you please tell me________ about the CCTV Host
Competition?
—Let's check it on computers.
A. how can I get the information
B. how I can get the information
C. why can I get the information
D. why I can get the information (2020云南)
B
2. 1 don't remember_________ for the first time.
A. when I met her
B. when I meet her
C. when I will meet her (2020广西桂林)
3. —Excuse me. Could you please tell me _________?
—OK. Go down the street and you will find it on the left.
A. how I can get to the zoo
B. how can I get to the zoo
C. when I can get to the zoo (2020吉林)
A
A
4. —Lily, could you tell me________?
—About ten minutes.
A. how far is it from your home to school
B. how far it is from your home to school
C. how long does it take you to walk to school
D. how long it takes you to walk to school (2020山东青岛)
D
5. — I can' t find you.
— I don't know _______. I'm on the left of a tree.
A. who I am B. who am I C. where I am D. where am I
(2020江苏扬州)
6. —Could you tell me ______ we can start a conversation with
a foreigner?
—Talking about weather is a good choice. (2020安徽)
A. how B. why C. where D. when
C
A
7. I wondered_______.
A. which way was the wind blowing
B. which one is the most convenient
C. which of the houses did you live in
D. which school it was you went to (2020湖北武汉)
D
【语境应用】
Ⅰ.单项选择
1. He asked me _______.
A. if I would go skating with him ?????
B. when did I buy the CD
C. that I had a good time?
2. Could you please tell me _______?
A. where are you from???????????????? B. how can I get there
C. what’s the matter with you?????D. where does he live?
A
C
3. —Tom, I went to the party yesterday evening.
—Oh, I want to know _______ at the party.
A. who do you meet???????????? B. who you meet
C. who did you meet??????????? D. who you met? ????????
4. I didn’t know _______.
A. when could he come?
B. when he can come
C. when he could come? ???????????
D
C
5. —Excuse me, I wonder _______ the plane can land on
time.??
—Wait a minute, please. Let me check it out.
A. if???? ????? B. which???? ?????? C. that? ?
6. John told his little daughter the earth _______ from the
west to the east.
A. moved?? ????????B. moving??? C. moves???? ????? D. move ??????
A
C
7. —Sir, it’s true that being happy is an ability. So can you
tell me _______?
—Yes. Just as President Xi says, “Happiness is achieved
through hard work.”
A. how we can find happiness?????? ????
B. who can help achieve happiness??????
C. why happiness is so important to us
A
Ⅱ. 句型转换
1. My friend asked me, “When will you go to Hainan for your
holiday?”?? (改为间接引语)
My friend asked me _______ I _______ go to Hainan for
my holiday. ?????????? ?
2. “How are you getting along with your new roommate?”
Franklin asked me.? (改为宾语从句)
Franklin asked me _______ _______ was getting along with
my new roommate.
when would
how I
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. 我理解上次我父母的想法为什么与我的不同。
I understand ________________________________________
last time.?
2. 如果你能告诉我机器人已失控多久，那就太好了。
It would be great if you can tell me ______________________
________________________________.?
why my parents’ ideas were different from mine
how long the robot had been out of control
Ⅳ. 汉译英
1. 你能告诉我你在门后面找什么吗？
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
2. 你能告诉我一支足球队有几个队员吗?
?????______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________??
Can you tell me what you are looking for behind the door?
Can you tell me how many players there are on a soccer team?