2021年中考英语二轮语法专题复习精讲精练课件形容词、副词（57张PPT)

2021年中考英语二轮语法专题复习课件
形容词、副词
考点一：同类形容词词义辨析
同类形容词词义辨析主要在完形填空（题型中考查，偶尔会在单项填空题型中考查。主要涉及人物描述类和物品描述类。考生在做辨析类试题时，首先应读懂句意，抓住题干中的关键信息，并分析各选项表达的意思，结合日常生活的常识及语境即可选出正确答案。
形容词
考点二：词义相对类形容词辨析
词义相对类形容词辨析主要在完形填空题型中考查，偶尔会在单项填空题型中考查。此类考点的试题，选项的设置中一般有两项为词义相对类形容词。现将这类词列举如下：
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}词汇
含义
词汇
含义
long
长的
short
短的
good
好的
bad
坏的
hot
热的
cool
凉爽的
light
轻的
heavy
重的
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}词汇
含义
词汇
含义
old
旧的
new
新的
difficult
困难的
easy
容易的
glad
高兴的
sad
悲伤的
quick
快的
slow
慢的
cheap
便宜的
expensive
昂贵的
dirty
脏的
clean
干净的
free
空闲的
busy
忙碌的
low
低的
high
高的
rich
富裕的
poor
贫穷的
same
相同的
different
不同的
考向
考点三：同根词词义辨析
同根词词义辨析在完形填空题型中考查过2次。此类考点的试题，选项设置一般是同一个词根，通过给词根加前/后缀转换成不同的词性。考生在做此类试题时，可以先分析句子结构，然后确定空处所作的成分，再根据各个词性在句子中所作的成分来选择出正确答案。现将初中常见易混同根词列举如下：
1. danger, dangerous, endanger与endangered
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}单词
词性
含义
danger
n.
危险
dangerous
adj.
危险的
endanger
v.
危及；使遭受危险
endangered
adj.
濒临灭绝的；濒危的
2. breath, breathe与breathing
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}词汇
词性
含义
breath
n.
呼吸
breathe
v.
呼吸；活着
breathing
n.
呼吸
3. sleep, sleepy与asleep
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}词汇
词性
含义
sleep
v.& n.
睡觉
sleepy
adj.
困倦的；瞌睡的
asleep
adj.
睡着的
考向
考点四：形容词短语辨析
在英语中有很多形容词后需要加特定的介词构成形容词短语，常见的有：
(1)与about搭配
be worried about 对……担忧
be crazy about 对……着迷　
be sure about 对……有把握
be sorry about 对……感到遗憾
be strict about sth. 对某事要求严格
be careful about 对……小心
be curious about 对……好奇
be anxious about 对……感到焦虑
(2) 与at搭配
be amused at 以……为乐
be annoyed at 对……恼怒
be surprised at 对……感到惊奇
be angry at对……生气
be good at 在……方面擅长
(3)与for搭配
be famous for 因……而著名 get ready for 为……做好准备
be sorry for 为……感到抱歉 be fit/ unfit for 适合/不适合
be good for 对……有好处 be bad for 对……有坏处
be suitable for 适合…… be thirsty for渴望
(4)与in搭配
be interested in对……感兴趣
be different in 在……方面不同
be rich in富于，盛产　
be weak in在……方面薄弱
be successful in在……方面成功
(5)与of搭配
be proud of 为……感到自豪 be afraid of 害怕……　be full of 充满…… be tired of对……厌倦
(6)与with搭配
be angry with...生……的气 be busy with...忙于……　
be filled with...充满…… be patient with...对……有耐心
be popular with...受……欢迎 be careful with小心
be satisfied with...对……感到满意
be pleased with 对……感到满意
be strict with sb.对某人要求严格
(7) 与to搭配
be close to 接近，靠近 be good to 对……好
be kind to 对……和蔼 be rude to 对……粗鲁
be polite to 对……礼貌 be useful to 对……有用
be related to 与……有关 be similar to与……相似
考点五：-ing形容词和-ed形容词
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}-ing形容词修饰物
-ed形容词修饰人
例句
surprising
令人惊讶的
surprised
感到惊讶的
This is a surprising story.
I am surprised at the news.
interesting
有趣的
interested
感兴趣的
I have an interesting book.
He is interested in science.
exciting
令人兴奋的
excited
感到兴奋的
Have you heard of the exciting news?
We are excited about the traveling.
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}-ing形容词修饰物
-ed形容词修饰人
例句
pleasing
令人愉快的
pleased
感到愉快/ 满意的
This is a pleasing trip.
The teacher is pleased with our performance.
frightening
令人恐惧的
frightened
感到恐惧的
This is a frightening story.
We are frightened of the ghost.
moving
令人感动的
moved
受感动的
Titanic is a moving film.
We are moved by Hong Zhanhui deeply.
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}-ing形容词修饰物
-ed形容词修饰人
例句
tiring
令人疲倦的
tired
感到疲倦的
It’s a long tiring day.
I’m too tired.
fascinating
迷人的
fascinated
着迷的
What a fascinating voice!
Many boys are fascinated by computer games.
考点一：以?ly结尾的副词辨析
副词可以用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子，一般放在动词后或放在句首作状语
副词
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}-?ly副词
含义
?-ly副词
含义
actually
真实地；
事实上
angrily
生气地
anxiously
焦虑地
bravely
勇敢地
busily
忙碌地
carefully
小心地
carelessly
粗心地
certainly
肯定地
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}-?ly副词
含义
?-ly副词
含义
clearly
清晰地
closely
紧密地
difficultly
困难地
easily
容易地
especially
尤其
exactly
确切地；
精确地
excitedly
兴奋地
finally
最后；最终
freely
自由地
hardly
几乎不
lately
最近
loudly
大声地
luckily
幸运地
mainly
主要地
nearly
几乎
politely
有礼貌地
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}?-ly副词
含义
-?ly副词
含义
possibly
可能地
properly
合适地
quietly
安静地
really
真正地
recently
不久前; 最近
sadly
悲伤地
safely
安全地
slowly
缓慢地
strictly
严厉地
suddenly
突然; 忽然
truly
真正; 确实
wisely
明智地; 聪明地
注意：有些以?ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如： lovely, lively, friendly, lonely。
考点二：频度副词
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}频度副词
含义
频度副词
含义
always
总是；经常
never
从来不
daily
天天；每日
often
经常，常常
sometimes
有时
twice
两次
usually
通常
weekly
每周
考点三：程度副词
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}程度副词
含义
程度副词
含义
almost
差不多
enough
足够
even
甚至
hardly
几乎不
much
很大程度上地; 大量地
only
仅仅
quite
相当, 完全, 十分
rather
相当, 颇, 有点儿
so
如此
such
如此
too
太; 也
very
非常
考向
考点四：时间副词
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}时间副词
含义
时间副词
含义
still
仍然
soon
很快
then
然后
once
曾经, 以前
today
今天
now
现在, 目前
tomorrow
明天
yesterday
昨天
before
在……之前
after
在……之后
already
已经
ago
以前
early
早地
late
晚, 迟
later
随后, 后来
recently
近来, 最近
考点五：地点副词
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}地点副词
含义
地点副词
含义
here
在这儿
there
在那儿
outside
在外面
inside
在里面
anywhere
任何地方
everywhere
每个地方，到处
home
（在）家里
away
在远处
考向
考点六：疑问副词
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}疑问副词
含义
用法
where
在哪里
对地点提问；可引导宾语从句和定语从句
when
何时
对时间提问；可引导宾语从句和定语从句
why
为什么
对原因提问，常用because回答；可引导宾语从句和定语从句
how
怎样，怎么，如何
对方式提问；可引导宾语从句
考点七：连接副词
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}连接副词
含义
连接副词
含义
besides
此外，而且
however
然而
then
于是，那么
instead
而不是，代替
moreover
而且，此外
therefore
因此
anyway
尽管，即使这样
also
也
1. 原级的判断
(1) 由表示程度的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰
时，用形容词原级。如：The film is too boring.
(2) 表示两者在某一方面相同或不同时用原级。具体用
法如下：
形容词和副词的比较等级
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}用法
例句
A＋be/动词＋as＋原级＋as＋B，意为“A与B一样……”，表示相同或相等
My best friend is as tall as her mother.
A＋be＋not＋so/as＋原级＋as＋B，意为“A不及B那样……”，表示不如或不相等。
This red skirt is not so/as beautiful as that blue one.
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}用法
例句
A＋be/动词＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B，表示“A是B的……倍”（常见倍数：一半half，一倍once，两倍twice，三倍及以上：数字＋times）。
Our school is twice as large as theirs.
as much/many...＋as，表示前后的数量相同。
John earns as much money as his elder brother.
as＋原级＋as＋用作比喻的名词，意为“像……一样……”，此结构可形成许多习惯用语，多用于口语。
He is as busy as a bee.
2. 比较级的判断
(1) 根据语境判断表示两者进行比较时用比较级。
(2) 由表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much,
even, still, far, rather, any等修饰时，用形容词或副词
的比较级。如：
It is much hotter today.今天要热得多。
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}用法
例句
A＋be/动词＋比较级＋than＋B，表示“A比B……”。
My book is more interesting than this.我的书比这本书更有趣。
“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”表示“越……，就越……”。
The more fruit you eat， the healthier you will be.你吃得水果越多，你就越健康。
“比较级＋and＋比较级”，表示“越来越……”。注意：若比较级是在原级前加more构成的，则用“more and more＋原级”表示“越来越……”。
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的城市变得越来越漂亮了。
(3)比较级的常见结构有：
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}用法
例句
表示两者之间进行选择时，用句型：Which/Who＋be＋比较级， A or B？
Which subject is easier， math or English？数学和英语哪个学科更简单？
A＋be＋less＋多音节形容词原级＋than＋B，表示“A不及B……”。
There are many people who are less lucky than us.有很多人没有我们幸运。
表示“两者之间较……的一个（of the two）”时。
He is the thinner of the two.他是两人中较瘦的那个。
表示“几倍于……”时，用倍数＋比较常用“the＋比较级”结构表示。
The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River. 长江几乎是珠江的两倍长。
3. 最高级的判断
(1)表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级
形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，副词最高
级前可以不加。句末常跟一个in/of/among 短语来表
示范围。即用“A＋be＋the＋最高级＋(in / of/
among)...” 。如：
He is the tallest boy in our class.
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}用法
例句
“A＋be＋one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”表示“A是……中最……之一”。
Deng Ziqi is one of the most popular singers.邓紫棋是最受欢迎的歌手之一。
“形容词比较级＋than any other＋可数名词单数”表示最高级含义。
He is taller than any other student in our class.他是我们班上最高的学生。
“A＋be＋the＋序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词单数＋范围”表示“第几最……”。
In the USA, the third largest city is Los Angeles. 美国的第三大城市是洛杉矶。
(2)最高级的常见结构有：
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}用法
例句
表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用句型：Which/Who be the＋最高级, A, B or C？
Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill？汤姆、凯特、比尔，谁最高？
形容词最高级前面可以用物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，但此时不能再加定冠词the。
She is my best friend. 她是我最好的朋友。
形容词和副词比较等级的规则变化
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}类别
构成方法
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词
直接在词尾加?er,? est
few
fast
fewer
①______　
fewest
②______
以不发音的字母e结尾的加?r, ?st
nice
large
nicer
③______
nicest
④______
faster
fastest
larger
largest
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}类别
构成方法
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词
以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，则双写这个辅音字母，再加?er, est
big
fat
hot
bigger
⑤______
⑦______
biggest
⑥______
⑧______
辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i,再加?er, ?est
happy
easy
happier
⑨______
happiest
⑩______
fatter
fattest
hotter
hottest
easier
easiest
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}类别
构成方法
原级
比较级
最高级
多音节词和部分双音节词
在原级前加more，most
important
careful
more
important
?___________
___________　
the most important
?________________
more careful
the most careful
most
形容词和副词比较等级的不规则变化
better
best
worse
worst
worse
worst
more
less
least
farther/
further
older/elder
oldest/eldest
farthest/
furthest
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
?__________
?__________
bad
?__________
?__________
ill
?__________
?__________
many/much
?__________
?__________
little
?__________
?__________
far
?__________
__________
?__________
__________
old
?__________
?___________
Ⅰ. 根据句意及所给首字母写单词。
1. The young man was b??????????????? ?enough to save his neighbors
from a fire.?
2. The peaceful music will make you feel r??????????????? .
3.?When she first went to university, she felt very
l??????????????? ?because she knew no one there.
4. Mary is a??????????????? ?from class today because she is in hospital.?
5. I feel so h???????????????? that I would like something to eat.
brave
relaxed
lonely
absent
hungry
6. Growing vegetables looks easy, but a????????????? ?it takes a lot of
learning.
7. G????????????? ?speaking, different countries have different table
manners.?
8. People who learn ________(明智地) and well will achieve their
dreams more easily.
actually
Generally
wisely
9. I’m sorry. I __________(完全地) forgot that it was your
birthday yesterday.
10. ________(最近), citizens in Luhe have got the chance to
experience a self-service store.
11. The old man lives ________(独自地), but he doesn’t feel
lonely.?
completely
Recently?
alone
Ⅱ.?用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. I was bleeding _______ from the cut.
2. We both slept _______ and felt terrible the next day.
3. They ________ believe their children should make choices for themselves.
4. Our school has ___________ changed over these years.
5. The color red is _______________ connected with happy events in?China.
strong, bad, traditional, heavy, complete
heavily?
badly
strongly?
completely?
traditionally
Ⅲ. 完成句子。
1. 中国母亲河长江，是世界第三长河。
The Yangtze River, the mother river of China, is the _______
_______ river in the world.
2. 孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。 (good)
The earlier kids learn to be independent, ______________ it is
for their future.
third longest
the better
3. 陆地上什么动物最重??
_________________________________________________
4. 你读得越多，你就会学得越多。
_________________________________________________
5. 我们的国家越来越强大。(get)
_________________________________________________
Our country is getting stronger and stronger.
What kind of animals is the heaviest on land?
The more you read, the more you will learn.
(2020云南)
28. Dreams are powerful and they can drive you to work
harder and become ________ than before.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
(2020广西桂林)
33. Robots usually do _______ work in factories.
A heavy B. heavier C. heavily
C
A
(2020吉林)
28. —Who is the _________runner, Mike or Sam?
—Mike is. He is good at running.
A. faster B. slower C. weaker
(2020湖南湘西)
33. With the help of the government, my hometown becomes
_____ than before.
A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. the most beautiful
A
B
(2020内蒙古呼和浩特）
25. —Tomorrow I’ll take the final examination, and I feel
nervous.
— Don't worry. It's__________ to have butterflies in your
stomach before an exam.
A. rude B. exciting C. perfect D. natural
D
(2020广西百色)
34. ________ you study, the better grades you will get.
A. Hard B. Harder C. The harder D. The hardest
(2020内蒙古呼和浩特）
28. The girl used to be shy, but she is _______getting active in
team work and willing to make friends.
A. usually B. gradually C. mainly D. seldom
C
B
(2020山东青岛)
3. Li Lei didn't play computer games last weekend._______, lie
worked as a volunteer in an old people's home.
A. Instead B. Certainly C. Though D. Gradually
(2020辽宁丹东)
32. Amy has read many history books, so she learns
history________ of all the subjects.
A. well B. bad C. best D. worst
A
C
(2020上海)
35. Emma felt_________ when her parents were on business
trips.
A. sadly B. angrily C. unfortunately D. lonely
(2020贵州黔东南)
39. The coffee in this shop is pretty good. Ms. Zhang comes
here at times.
A. sometimes B. never C. on time D. in time
D
(2020湖北咸宁中考)
31.—A Long March 5（长征五号）rocket carrying China's
heaviest satellite was ___________ launched.
—Amazing! It happened on Dec 27, 2019 in Wenchang,
Hainan.
A. successful B. successfully
C. success D. succeed
B
用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成句子(每空仅限1个单词)。
(2020内蒙古呼和浩特）
66. There isn't a cloud in the sky It's going to be_______
tomorrow. (sun)
(2020内蒙古呼和浩特）
69. —What's your plan after the exam?
—We are going to take a _________flight to Chengdu
when the exam is over. (direct)
sunny
direct
(2020云南)
69. My father ________ stopped smoking. (final)
(2020江苏扬州)
47. It seemed to him that truth would be ______ than a lie.
(safe)
(2020上海)
58. On _________days, leaves fall on the ground and the road
looks beautiful.(wind)
finally
safer
windy
(2020上海)
61. Sitting in front of the screen for too long is_________ . It's
bad for your eyes.(healthy)
(2020内蒙古呼和浩特）
74. They hoped to see the problem solved _________. ( peaceful)
(2020云南)
69. My father ________ stopped smoking. (final)
unhealthy
peacefully
finally