2021年中考英语二轮语法专题复习精讲精练课件定语从句（20张PPT)

2021年中考英语二轮语法专题复习课件
定语从句
在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或某一句子起定语作用的从句叫作定语从句。定语从句在句子中相当于形容词，故又称形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的词被称为关系词，根据关系词在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词（that, which， who, whom, whose）和关系副词（when, where, why）。
定语从句
1. 关系代词的用法
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}关系词
作用
先行词
例句
that, who, whom
主语、宾语、表语
人
Do you know the girl who/ that has got an “A” in the exam?
that/ which
主语、宾语、表语
物
She got a computer that / which her parents bought for her.
whose
定语
人、物
The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard.
(1) 定语从句中只能用that而不用which的情况：
①当先行词是不定代词all, little, much, none, few,
something, everything, anything, nothing等时。如：
As we all know, all that can be done should be done.
②当先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰时。如：
This is the right book that I am looking for.
③当有序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。如：
This is the most interesting movie that I have ever seen.
④当先行词既有人又有物时。如：
I have never heard of the people and things that you
talked about just now.
⑤当先行词有all， any， no等限定词时。如：
All the gifts that you received yesterday should be put away.
⑥当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如：
Who is that woman that is standing by the wall？
(2) 定语从句中只能用关系代词which的情况：
①关系代词放在介词之后。如：
This is the place in which I grew up.
②当that, those作主语时。如：
Those which are on the desk are English books.
注意：
that, which, who在从句中作主语时，不能省略。如：
Who is the boy that is talking with our teacher?
2. 关系副词的用法
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}关系词
作用
先行词
例句
when
状语
时间
I still remember the day when you left for Beijing.
where
状语
地点
This is the school where my mother works.
why
状语
原因
Could you explain the reason why you were late?
(1) when 表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。如：
I still remember the year when you graduated from
No 8 Middle School.
(2) why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词
只有表示原因的reason一词。如：
We don’t know the reason why he was late for school.
(3) where表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。如：
That is the school where I studied three years ago.
1. This is the CD _________ I bought last year. (2020吉林)
A. who B. that C. whom
2. —What are you looking for?
—I’m looking for the dictionary ______ my brother gave me
last month. (2020辽宁营口)
A. that B. what C. who D. whom
B
A
3. — We teenagers should look up to the people ______ have made great achievements to our country, like Yuan Longping.
— I think so. (2020湖北十堰)
A. who B. what C. which D. whose
4. The boy ______ is holding a ball is my brother.
(2020甘肃天水)
A. what B. which C. 不填 D. who
A
A
5. — Do you know Li Ziqi?
— Of course, She is a beautiful girl ________ has made many videos to show a traditional Chinese way of life.
(2020山东滨州)
A. whose B. where C. which D. who
6. The book __________ cover has a beautiful picture is Lily's.
(2020四川成都)
A. which B. whose C. that
D
B
7. We are supposed to care about the workers ________ keep our city clean. (2020湖南湘潭)
A. which B. who C. whom
8. —Do you know the girl _________ is giving the speech?
—Of course. She is my best friend, Meimei. (2020湖北黄冈)
A. which B. who C. whom D. what
B
B
【语境应用】
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. Jack likes being with the classmates _______ are outgoing
and kind.
A. where??????? B. which C. when???????? D. who?
2. —Qingdao is the most beautiful city _______ I’ve ever
been to.
—So it is. Many international meetings are held there
every year.
A. that? ??????? B. which??????? C. what? ?????
D
A
3. My grandparents like stories _______ have happy endings.
A. they?????? ????B. who????? ????????? C. which???? ????????????? D. /?
4. We are talking about the piano and the pianist _______
were in the concert last night.?
A. that ????????? B. which ????????????? C. who ???????????????D. whom??
C
A
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 警方说昨天傍晚在山里迷路的那位登山者今天早上被找到
了。(get)
The police says _____________________________________
___________________________________this morning.?
2. 我丢了爸爸在我生日那天给我买的那块手表。
I’ve lost ______________________________________ on
my birthday.
(that) the climber who got lost in the mountain yesterday evening was found
the watch which / that my dad bought me
3. 昨天Jim去了他的故乡，参观了他出生的老宅。
Yesterday Jim went to his hometown and visited the old
house ____________________________ in.
which / that he was born