中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
代词练习题(历届中考节选)
班级____________
姓名____________
得分____________
一、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
The
boy’s
mother
often
washes
clothes
for______
(he),
because
he
is
too
young
to
do
it
by
himself.
【答案】him
【解析】:句意为:这个男孩的妈妈经常给他洗衣服,因为他太小而不能自己做这些事。介词for后跟代词的宾格形式,he的宾格是him。故填him。
My
sister
likes
painting.
It's
one
of________
(she)
hobbies.
【答案】her
【解析】:句意为:我的姐姐喜欢画画。那是她的爱好之一。根据空格后为名词可知此处应填形容词性物主代词,故填her。
Our
teachers
often
tell
________
(we)
that
we
should
behave
well
while
we
are
traveling.
【答案】us
【解析】:句意为:老师们经常告诉我们,当我们旅游时应该举止得体。分析可知此处是tell
sb...
告诉某人……。动词后跟人称代词的宾格形式,we的宾格形式是us,故填us。
You
are
my
best
friends,
so
make________
(you)
at
home.
【答案】yourselves
【解析】:句意为:你们是我最好的朋友,所以不要客气。make
oneself
at
home意为不要客气,随意,所以此处应填you的反身代词yourself或yourselves。根据前句friends可知,此处的you是指你们,所以填yourselves。
After
arguing
with
your
parents,
you
must
communicate
with
________
(they)
and
explain
why
you
have
done
that.
【答案】them
【解析】:句意为:和你的父母争吵后,你必须和他们交流并解释你为什么那样做。根据固定搭配communicate
with
sb.和某人交流可知,空处作介词with的宾语,故填宾格形式。they的宾格为them,故填them。
My
pen
is
similar
to
________
(her)
,
but
I
bought
it
earlier
than
she
did.
【答案】hers
【解析】:句意为:我的笔和她的笔很像,但我比她买得早。be
similar
to和……很相像,前后比较的是“我的笔”和“她的笔”,空格处应填her的名词性物主代词,故填hers。
Jack
advised
________
(I)
to
try
another
way
to
practice
my
spoken
English.
【答案】me
【解析】:句意为:杰克建议我换种方式练习英语口语。分析句子结构可知空格处所填词在句中作advised的宾语,此处需填I的宾格形式me。
Both
teachers
and
classmates
like
_______
(he)
because
he
is
an
easy?going
student.
【答案】him
【解析】:句意为:老师和同学们都喜欢他,因为他是一个随和的学生。分析句子结构可知空格处所填词在句中作like的宾语,此处需填he的宾格,故填him。
They
don't
like
to
eat
out.
Instead,
they
often
cook
meals
by
________
(they)
at
home.
【答案】themselves
【解析】:句意为:他们不喜欢到外面吃饭,相反他们经常在家里自己做饭吃。此处考查的是固定短语by
oneself
独自,单独,所以此空应该填they的反身代词
themselves。
Look,
my
name
is
written
on
the
cover
of
the
book.
It’s________.
(my)
【答案】mine
【解析】:句意为:看,我的名字被写在书的封面上了,它是我的。空格处缺名词作表语,应填名词性物主代词,故填mine。
二、单项选择
Don't
tell
others
about
it.It's
only
between
________
.
A.
you
and
I
B.
you
and
me
C.
I
and
our
D.
me
and
your
【答案】B
【解析】:句意:不要告诉别人这件事,这件事就你和我知道。人称代词作介词宾语时,要用宾格形式。第一人称代词和第二人称代词作并列宾语时,第二人称在前,第一人称在后。
behveen是介词,其后接人称代词的宾格形式。正确答案为B。
We
decided
to
go
for
a
field
trip
with
some
friends
of
________
.
A.
us
B.
our
C.
ours
D.
ourselves
【答案】C
【解析】:句意:我们决定与我们的一些朋友一起到野外旅行。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。“……名词+of+名词性物主代词”表示双重所有格。正确答案为C。
Don't
worry
about
the
children.They
can
take
care
of
________
.
A.
ourselves
B.
themselves
C.
yourself
D.
yourselves
【答案】B
【解析】:句意:别担心那些孩子,他们会照顾好自己的。注意反身代词必须与相应的名词或代词保持人称和数的一致,“照顾某人自己”此处需要用到反身代词。正确答案为B。
You
may
drop
in
or
just
give
me
a
call.
________
will
do.
A.
Either
B.
Each
C.
Neither
D.
All
【答案】A
【解析】:句意:你可以顺便过来或给我打电话,随便怎样都可以。不定代词either可以表示“二者中任意一个”,具有肯定意义。Each指两者或两者以上中的“每一个”,侧重个体。Neither“两者都不”。All“全、都(三者以上)”。由前一句话可知,两种情况任何一种都行。正确答案为A。
________
knowledge
and
experience
are
important
to
finish
that
task.
A.
Either
B.
Neither
C.
None
D.
Both
【答案】D
【解析】:考查不定代词词义辨析。句意:知识和经验对完成这项任务都很重要。Either两者中的一个;Neither两者都不;None一个也没有(三者或三者以上);Both两者都。根据常识,知识和经验都很重要,是两者。故选D。
The
headmaster
introduced
________
to
the
German
visitors
before
the
welcome
party.
A.
we
B.
us
C.
our
D.
ours
【答案】B
【解析】:考查人称代词词义辨析。句意:在欢迎会前,我们的校长向德国来宾介绍我们。we我们(主格);us我们(宾格);our我们的(形容词性物主代词);ours我们的(名词性物主代词)。分析句子成分可知,动词之后应接宾语,故应用代词的宾格形式。故选B。
—
Is
this
iPad
yours?
—
Yes.
My
parents
bought
________
for
my
language
learning.
A.
one
B.
it
C.
other
D.
another
【答案】B
【解析】:考查代词词义辨析。句意为“这个iPad是你的吗?”“是的,我父母为我学习语言而买的它。”one一个,指代前面提到同类的人或物;it它,指代前面提到的同一物;other其他的;another另外一个。根据句意可知,这里指代的是上句提到的iPad。故选B。
—
Is
this
Kate's
bicycle?
—
No,
________
is
under
the
tree.
She
put
it
there
this
morning.
A.
his
B.
hers
C.
mine
D.
yours
【答案】B
【解析】:考查名词性物主代词词义辨析。句意为“这个是凯特的自行车吗?”“不,________在那棵树下。她今天早上把它放在那儿了。”his他的;hers她的;mine我的;yours你的,你们的。从上句“Is
this
Kate's
bicycle
”可知,他们谈论的是“凯特的”自行车,应该使用第三人称代词,且Kate为女性。故选B。
Linda
and
Kitty
will
go
to
Greenery
Theme
Park
by________
next
Sunday.
A.
they
B.
them
C.
their
D.
themselves
【答案】D
【解析】:考查代词词义辨析。句意为:琳达和凯蒂下周日将________去绿博园。根据介词by可知她们将独自去绿博园,by
oneself独自地,此处指代主语Linda
and
Kitty,应用themselves。故选D。
Dad
doesn't
always
come
to
you.
You
have
to
fight
and
save
________!
A.
yourself
B.
himself
C.
myself
D.
herself
【答案】A
【解析】:考查反身代词词义辨析。句意为:爸爸不是每次都能来救你,你得战斗,救________。yourself你自己;himself他自己;myself我自己;herself她自己。根据后句中的主语“You”可知空格处要用you的反身代词yourself。故选A。
—
Did
anyone
call
me
when
I
was
out?
—
Yes.
A
man
who
called
________
Tom.
A.
myself
B.
himself
C.
herself
D.
yourself
【答案】B
【解析】:考查反身代词词义辨析。句意“我出去的时候有人给我打电话吗?”“有。一个________汤姆的人给你打过。”myself我自己;himself他自己;herself她自己;yourself你自己。此处指是一个自称汤姆的人。汤姆是第三人称,故要用第三人称“他”的反身代词。故选B。
“Let
us
move
a
little
faster.
We
do
not
have
________
time
left,”
said
the
tour
guide.
A.
few
B.
little
C.
many
D.
much
【答案】D
【解析】:考查不定代词词义辨析。句意:导游说:“我们得快点。剩的时间________”few几乎没有,修饰可数名词;little
几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;many很多,修饰可数名词;much很多,修饰不可数名词。time作为“时间”讲是不可数名词,所以排除A、C。此处指没有多少时间了,又根据“We
don't
have”排除表示否定的little,故选D。
In
the
school,
I
asked
one
boy
and
two
girls
about
the
name
of
their
headmaster,
but
________
of
them
could
help
me.
A.
neither
B.
none
C.
both
D.
all
【答案】B
【解析】:考查不定代词词义辨析。句意为:在学校里,我问了一个男孩儿和两个女孩儿他们校长的名字,但是他们________可以帮助我。neither两者都不;none没有,用于数量为三者及以上;both两者都;all(三者及三者以上)都。问了三名学生,他们一个也不知道他们校长的名字,none表示“一个也没有(三者或三者以上)”,故选B。
—
What
else
do
you
need,
sir?
—
________
else.
I’ve
got
enough.
Thanks.
A.
Nothing
B.
Anything
C.
Something
D.
Everything
【答案】A
【解析】:考查复合不定代词词义辨析。句意为“先生,还需要别的什么吗?”“________其他。足够了,谢谢你。”Nothing
没有什么,没有一件东西(具有否定意义);Anything任何事物(用在肯定句中),某事物(用在否定和疑问句);Something某事某物,某东西(用在肯定句中);Everything每件事物。根据后面的足够了,可知是不需要别的东西了,所以应该用nothing。故选A。
—
Do
you
plan
to
watch
a
talent
show
or
a
sports
show
tonight?
—
________.
I
can’t
stand
them.
I
plan
to
watch
a
sitcom.
A.
Neither
B.
Both
C.
None
D.
Either
【答案】A
【解析】:考查代不定代词词义辨析。句意为“今晚你计划看达人秀还是看体育节目呢?”“________。我受不了它们。我打算看情景喜剧。”Neither二者都不;Both两者都;None没有,用于数量为三者及以上;Either二者任一。根据答语“我受不了它们。我打算看情景喜剧。”可知此处表示两者都否定,故选A。
Li
Hua’s
parents
hold
different
opinions
on
whether
they
should
have
________
child.
A.
another
B.
other
C.
others
D.
the
other
【答案】A
【解析】:考查代词词义辨析。句意为:李华的父母就他们是否再生一个孩子有着不同的看法。another另一,又一,只能代替或修饰单数可数名词;other作形容词或代词,作形容词时意思是“别的,其它的”,泛指其它的人或事;others代词,复数,不修饰名词;the
other
表示的是两者中剩下的一个。根据空后的child可知,应用another,故选A。
—
Would
you
like
something
to
drink,
coffee
or
milk?
—
________.
I
would
like
a
cup
of
tea.
A.
Either
B.
Both
C.
Neither
D.
None
【答案】C
【解析】:考查不定代词词义辨析。句意:“你想喝点什么东西吗,咖啡还是牛奶?”“________。我想喝一杯茶。”Either(两者中)任何一个;Both(两者)都;Neither(两者)都不;None(多者中)没人/物。根据问句可知,发话者问的是两者,排除D;根据答语“I
would
like
a
cup
of
tea”的意思可知,应答者否定了发话者的提议。故选C。
Mike
lost
his
school
ID
card
this
morning.
He
is
looking
for
________
now.
A.
it
B.
him
C.
them
D.
her
【答案】A
【解析】:考查人称代词词义辨析。句意为:今天早上迈克把他的学生证丢了。他正在找________。it它,指代同名同物;him他,he的宾格;them他们,they的宾格;her她,她的,she的宾格或形容词性物主代词。此处指的是前句提到的school
ID
card“学生证”,是同一物体,且为单数应用it来代替,故选A。
—
________
do
you
think
of
your
hometown
Kunming?
—
It’s
really
beautiful
and
it
has
developed
rapidly
in
recent
years.
A.
Which
B.
Who
C.
What
D.
Whose
【答案】C
【解析】:考查疑问代词词义辨析。句意“你认为你的家乡昆明怎么样?”“它真的很漂亮,并且近几年发展得很快。”Which哪个;Who谁;What什么;Whose谁的。根据答语语境可知,此处询问评价。考查“What
do
you
think
of...
你觉得……怎么样?”。故选C。
Most
young
people
find
________
exciting
to
watch
a
football
match.
A.
one
B.
this
C.
that
D.
it
【答案】D
【解析】:考查it作形式宾语的用法。句意为:许多年轻人觉得看一场足球比赛是令人激动的。one一个,泛指上下文提及的同类人或事物中的一个,同一类而不同一;this这个,指示代词;that那个,指示代词,指代上文提到的事物;it它,指代上下文提到的同一个事物。根据固定句型“find
it+adj.+to
do
sth.”可知此处缺it作形式宾语。故选D。
Don't
just
wait
for
the
teachers'
help.
We
should
learn
to
teach
________.
A.
you
B.
yourselves
C.
us
D.
ourselves
【答案】D
【解析】:考查人称代词词义辨析。句意为:不要只等老师的帮助。我们应该学会________。teach
oneself自学,固定搭配,根据句意及前面的We可知此处指“我们自己”,故选D。
I
always
believe
that________
is
difficult
if
we
try
our
best
to
do
it.
A.
something
B.
anything
C.
everything
D.
nothing
【答案】D
【解析】:考查复合不定代词词义辨析。句意为:我一直相信如果我们尽最大的努力去做一件事的话,________(事情)是困难的。something某事;anything任何事;everything每件事物,一切;nothing没什么。结合句意和各选项含义可知此处是指没有什么事情是困难的。D项符合句意。故选D。
Everyone
may
make
mistakes
in
life.
The
most
important
thing
is
not
to
repeat________.
A.
it
B.
them
C.
him
D.
her
【答案】B
【解析】:考查人称代词词义辨析。句意为:每个人在生活中都会犯错误。重要的是不要重复________。联系句意可知空格处指的是前面的错误,由前面的“mistakes”是复数形式可知应用them,故选B。
I
searched
two
bookshops
for
a
dictionary
I
wanted,
but
________
of
them
had
it.
A.
either
B.
both
C.
neither
D.
none
【答案】C
【解析】:考查普通不定代词词义辨析。句意为:为了找我想要的词典,我找了两家书店,但是它们________有它。either两者中的任何一个;both两者都;neither两者都不;none三者或三者以上都不。根据but可知后半句转折指的是两家书店都没有我想要的词典。故选C。
I'm
free
recently,
so________
day
is
OK
for
me
to
go
shopping
with
my
mom.
A.
either
B.
neither
C.
any
D.
some
【答案】C
【解析】:考查代词词义辨析。句意为:我最近闲着,因此________
天和妈妈一起去购物都可以。either两者中的任何一个;neither两个都不,表否定;any任何;some某一,一些。
由前半句“I'm
free
recently”可知此处应是“任何一天”,故选C。
—
Do
you
know
something
about
inventions,
Bob?
—
Yes,________.
I
want
to
learn
more
about
them.
A.
little
B.
a
little
C.
few
D.
a
few
【答案】B
【解析】:考查普通不定代词词义辨析。句意“鲍勃,你知道关于发明的一些知识吗?”“知道________。我想学习更多关于发明的知识。”little几乎没有,表否定,修饰不可数名词;a
little一些,表肯定,修饰不可数名词;few几乎没有,表否定,修饰可数名词;a
few一些,表肯定,修饰可数名词。根据Yes可知,空处表肯定,故排除A、C。前句问的是不可数名词“knowledge”,故应用a
little修饰,故选B。
The
girl
with
glasses
is
new
in
our
class,
so
________
students
know
her.
A.
few
B.
a
few
C.
little
D.
a
little
【答案】A
【解析】:考查代词的用法。句意为:戴眼镜的那个女孩是个新同学,因此________同学认识她。few几乎没有,表否定,修饰可数名词;a
few一些,表肯定,修饰可数名词;littlet几乎没有,表否定,修饰不可数名词;a
little一些,表肯定,修饰不可数名词。由前面的new可知,她是新人因此很少有同学认识她,故本句应是否定句,可排除B、D项;student为可数名词,不能用little修饰。故选A。
—
What
an
exciting
match!
—
Yeah.
________
of
them
are
trying
their
best,
because
they
want
to
win.
A.
None
B.
All
C.
Any
D.
Some
【答案】B
【解析】:考查普通不定代词词义辨析。句意为“好精彩的一场比赛啊!”“是的。他们________打得很带劲,因为他们想要赢。”None没有一个(三者或三者以上);All全都(三者或三者以上);Any任何一个(三者或三者以上);Some一些。根据语境“因为他们都想赢”可知选B。
This
is
your
jacket.
The
blue
one
on
the
bed
is
________.
A.
I
B.
me
C.
my
D.
mine
【答案】D
【解析】:考查名词性物主代词的用法。句意为:这是你的夹克。床上的蓝色夹克是________。I我,人称代词主格;me我,人称代词宾格;my我的,形容词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词。由句意可知,此处指“我的夹克”,应用名词性物主代词,故选D。
Good
books
are
like
________
wise
friends,
because
they
encourage
you
to
walk
forward
and
help
you
understand
the
world.
A.
you
B.
your
C.
yours
D.
yourself
【答案】B
【解析】:考查形容词性物主代词的用法。句意为:好书就像________智慧的朋友,因为他们鼓励你前进,帮助你了解这个世界。根据后面的名词friends可知此处缺少形容词性物主代词。故选B。
—
________
can
speak
French
in
your
class,
Kelly?
—
Mark.
A.
Who
B.
Whose
C.
Which
D.
How
【答案】A
【解析】:考查疑问代词的用法。句意为“凯莉,你们班________会讲法语?”“马克。”
Who谁;Whose谁的;Which哪个;How怎样,如何。根据答语“马克”可知此处是询问人,故选A。
A
lot
of
people
like
my
father
because
________
is
friendly
and
kind
to
others.
A.
he
B.
him
C.
his
D.
himself
【答案】A
【解析】:考查人称代词的用法。句意为:很多人都喜欢我的父亲,因为________
对别人很友好和和蔼。分析语境及句子结构可知,空格处在because引导的原因状语从句中作主语,指代“my
father”,应用人称代词主格。故选A。
—
Mom,
________
is
my
good
friend
Anna.
—
Nice
to
meet
you,
Anna.
A.
this
B.
that
C.
it
D.
he
【答案】A
【解析】:考查指示代词词义辨析。句意:“妈妈,________是我的好朋友安娜。”“很高兴认识你,安娜。”this这个;that那个;it它;he他。Anna是女孩儿,故排除指物的it和指代男性的he;由句意可知是当着妈妈的面介绍朋友,应用“这个”,故选A。
—
Which
kind
of
magazine
will
you
take,the
fashion
magazine
or
the
science
magazine?
—
Neither.
I
think
________
of
them
are
very
boring.
A.
either
B.
both
C.
any
D.
some
【答案】B
【解析】:考查普通不定代词词义辨析。句意为“这两本杂志你将带走哪本,时尚杂志还是科学杂志?”“
一个都不带,我觉得________很无聊。”either两者中任一个;both两者都;any任何一个,some一些。根据“两本都不会带走”可知两本都很无聊,故选B。
—
Excuse
me,
I
forget
to
bring
my
pen
to
school
today.
Can
I
use
________?
—
Sure.
Here
you
are.
A.
your
B.
yours
C.
my
D.
mine
【答案】B
【解析】:考查名词性物主代词的用法。句意为“打扰一下,我今天来学校忘带我的钢笔了,我能用一下________吗?”“当然。给你。”your你的,形容词性物主代词;yours你的,名词性物主代词;my我的,形容词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词。根据句意“我忘带我的钢笔了”可知应是借用你的,故排除C、D项。再根据use缺少宾语,可知此处应填名词性物主代词,故选B。
—
Were
your
brother
and
sister
at
home
yesterday,
Victor?
—
No,
we________
went
to
the
park
for
a
picnic.
A.
both
B.
neither
C.
all
D.
none
【答案】C
【解析】:考查普通不定代词词义辨析。句意为“维克托,昨天你的弟弟妹妹都在家吗?”“不,我们________去公园野餐了。”both两者都;neither两者都不;all三者及三者以上都;none三者及三者以上都不。根据答语“不,我们都去公园野餐了”可知应是表示肯定,再由“brother
and
sister”及“we”可知应是三者。故选C。
—
Do
you
know
the
boy
in
a
white
T?shirt
over
there?
—
________
is
Bob,
my
pen
pal
from
Australia.
A.
This
B.
That
C.
Those
D.
These
【答案】B
【解析】:考查指示代词词义辨析。句意:“你认识那边穿白色T恤的男孩吗?”“________是鲍勃,我澳大利亚的笔友。”This这个,指近处;That那个,指远处;
Those那些;These这些。Those是That的复数形式;These是This的复数形式。此处只指代Bob,因此排除C、D。根据前句“那边穿白色T恤的男孩”可知此处指远处的男孩,故选B。
The
Mid?Autumn
Day
is
coming.
________
of
us
is
given
a
mooncake
by
our
school.
A.
Many
B.
Some
C.
Each
D.
Much
【答案】C
【解析】:考查代词词义辨析。句意为:中秋节快要来临了,我们学校给了我们每个人一个月饼。Many很多,谓语动词用复数;Some一些,谓语动词用复数;Each每一个,谓语动词用单数;Much很多,修饰不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。根据空格后is可排除A、B项。us为复数,故选C。
________
can
go
to
the
library
with
me
because
all
of
them
are
going
to
the
old
people's
home.
A.
Someone
B.
Anyone
C.
Nobody
D.
Everyone
【答案】C
【解析】:考查复合不定代词词义辨析。句意为:________人可以和我去图书馆因为他们所有人都要去敬老院。Someone某人;Anyone任何人;Nobody没有人;Everyone每个人。根据“他们所有人都要去敬老院。”可知没有人和“我”去图书馆。故选C
The
light
in
the
classroom
is
still
on.
There
must
be________
studying
there.
A.
anybody
B.
somebody
C.
everybody
D.
nobody
【答案】B
【解析】:考查复合不定代词词义辨析。句意为:教室的灯依然亮着。肯定________在那儿学习。anybody任何人;somebody某个人;everybody每个人;nobody没有人。由前句“The
light
in
the
classroom
is
still
on.”可知,教室里灯光亮着,肯定有人在写作业。故选B。
—
Excuse
me,________
is
the
way
to
the
bus
station?
—
Sorry,
I’m
a
stranger
here.
A.
why
B.
who
C.
which
D.
how
【答案】C
【解析】:考查疑问代词词义辨析。句意为“打扰一下,________是去车站的路?”“不好意思,我是初次到这儿。”why为什么;who谁;which哪个;how如何,怎样。根据句意,此处指“哪个”,故选C。
—
Have
you
got
any
books
on
English
grammar?I
want
to
borrow
________.
—
Here
you
are.
But
you
must
return
it
by
Friday.
A.
it
B.
some
C.
one
D.
that
【答案】C
【解析】:考查代词词义辨析。句意“你有关于英语语法的书吗?我想借________。”“给你。但是你必须在星期五之前归还它。”it指代同名同物;some一些;one指代同类而不同一;that那个。根据语境可知,此处指想要借一本英语语法书。此处指同类而不同一。故选C。
—
Sara
almost
knows________
in
the
party.
—
Yes,
she
is
really
good
at
communicating
with
others
and
she
has
lots
of
friends.
A.
somebody
B.
nobody
C.
anybody
D.
everybody
【答案】D
【解析】:考查复合不定代词词义辨析。句意“萨拉几乎认识这个聚会上的________”“是的,她很擅长和别人交流并且她有许多朋友”。somebody
某人,有人;nobody没有人;anybody任何人;everybody
每个人。根据语境可知萨拉在那儿几乎认识每个人,故选D。
There
is
________
wrong
with
the
radio,
but
I
can't
fix
it.
A.
everything
B.
nothing
C.
something
D.
anything
【答案】C
【解析】:考查不定代词词义辨析。句意为:这台收音机有点毛病,但是我不会修理它。everything
每一件事;nothing没有什么事;something一些事情;anything任何事,多用于否定句或疑问句。根据句意,收音机应该是有一些毛病,故选C。
The
Browns
had
a
party
with
their
neighbors
yesterday.
________
all
enjoyed
themselves.
A.
We
B.
Us
C.
They
D.
Them
【答案】C
【解析】:考查人称代词词义辨析。句意为:布朗一家昨天和他们的邻居们举办了一场聚会。________
都玩得很开心。分析句意,指代“布朗一家和他们的邻居们”应该用“他们”,并且代词在句中作主语,应用代词主格。故选C。
Jane
can
dress________
although
she
is
very
young.
A.
her
B.
his
C.
herself
D.
himself
【答案】C
【解析】:考查反身代词词义辨析。句意为:虽然简非常小,但她可以自己穿衣服。dress
oneself自己穿衣服,主语是Jane,用反身代词herself。故选C。
—
What
do
you
think
of
their
school?
—
It’s
really
beautiful.
But
I
don't
think
their
school
is
as
big
as________.
A.
we
B.
us
C.
our
D.
【答案】D
【解析】:考查名词性物主代词的用法。句意为“你觉得他们的学校怎么样?”“确实很漂亮。但是我觉得他们的学校没有________大。”此句为同级比较,且前面的their
school,可知此处是指our
school,其等同于ours。故选D。
—
________
are
you
looking
for,
Jim?
—
I
am
looking
for
my
dictionary.
I
can't
find
it.
A.
How
B.
Whose
C.
Which
D.
What
【答案】D
【解析】:考查疑问代词词义辨析。句意:“你在找什么,吉姆?”“我正在找我的字典,我找不到它了。”
How
怎样,如何;Whose谁的;Which哪个;What什么。根据答语可知问句在问找什么,故选D。
Emily
usually
tries
to
solve
problems
by________
because
she
thinks
it’s
a
good
way
to
improve
her
abilities.
A.
myself
B.
yourself
C.
themselves
D.
herself
【答案】D
【解析】:考查反身代词词义辨析。句意为:艾米丽通常靠________尽力解决问题,因为她认为那是提高她自己能力的一个好方法。by
oneself独自,故用反身代词;主语是Emily,对应的反身代词是herself。故选D。
—
Long
time
no
see.
How
is
________
with
you,
Bill?
—
Fine,thanks.
A.
everything
B.
anything
C.
nothing
D.
something
【答案】A
【解析】:考查复合不定代词词义辨析。句意为:“好久不见。你一切都好吗,比尔?”“很好,谢谢!”everything
每一件事;anything任何事,多用于否定句或疑问句;nothing没有什么事;something一些事情。How
is
everything
with
sb.
意为某人最近如何,为固定问法,故选A。
—
________
books
are
these
on
the
desk,
Lily?
—
They
are
Mar’'s.
He
just
bought
them.
A.
Who
B.
Whose
C.
Which
D.
What
【答案】B
【解析】:考查疑问代词词义辨析。句意为:“莉莉,桌上的这些书是________
”“是马克的,他刚买的。”Who谁;Whose谁的;Which哪个;What什么。根据“是马克的”可知问那些书是谁的,故选B。
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
(共
2
页)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
代词练习题(历届中考节选)
班级____________
姓名____________
得分____________
一、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
The
boy’s
mother
often
washes
clothes
for______
(he),
because
he
is
too
young
to
do
it
by
himself.
My
sister
likes
painting.
It's
one
of________
(she)
hobbies.
Our
teachers
often
tell
________
(we)
that
we
should
behave
well
while
we
are
traveling.
You
are
my
best
friends,
so
make________
(you)
at
home.
After
arguing
with
your
parents,
you
must
communicate
with
________
(they)
and
explain
why
you
have
done
that.
My
pen
is
similar
to
________
(her)
,
but
I
bought
it
earlier
than
she
did.
Jack
advised
________
(I)
to
try
another
way
to
practice
my
spoken
English.
Both
teachers
and
classmates
like
_______
(he)
because
he
is
an
easy?going
student.
They
don't
like
to
eat
out.
Instead,
they
often
cook
meals
by
________
(they)
at
home.
Look,
my
name
is
written
on
the
cover
of
the
book.
It’s________.
(my)
二、单项选择
Don't
tell
others
about
it.It's
only
between
________
.
A.
you
and
I
B.
you
and
me
C.
I
and
our
D.
me
and
your
We
decided
to
go
for
a
field
trip
with
some
friends
of
________
.
A.
us
B.
our
C.
ours
D.
ourselves
Don't
worry
about
the
children.They
can
take
care
of
________
.
A.
ourselves
B.
themselves
C.
yourself
D.
yourselves
You
may
drop
in
or
just
give
me
a
call.
________
will
do.
A.
Either
B.
Each
C.
Neither
D.
All
________
knowledge
and
experience
are
important
to
finish
that
task.
A.
Either
B.
Neither
C.
None
D.
Both
The
headmaster
introduced
________
to
the
German
visitors
before
the
welcome
party.
A.
we
B.
us
C.
our
D.
ours
—
Is
this
iPad
yours?
—
Yes.
My
parents
bought
________
for
my
language
learning.
A.
one
B.
it
C.
other
D.
another
—
Is
this
Kate's
bicycle?
—
No,
________
is
under
the
tree.
She
put
it
there
this
morning.
A.
his
B.
hers
C.
mine
D.
yours
Linda
and
Kitty
will
go
to
Greenery
Theme
Park
by________
next
Sunday.
A.
they
B.
them
C.
their
D.
themselves
Dad
doesn't
always
come
to
you.
You
have
to
fight
and
save
________!
A.
yourself
B.
himself
C.
myself
D.
herself
—
Did
anyone
call
me
when
I
was
out?
—
Yes.
A
man
who
called
________
Tom.
A.
myself
B.
himself
C.
herself
D.
yourself
“Let
us
move
a
little
faster.
We
do
not
have
________
time
left,”
said
the
tour
guide.
A.
few
B.
little
C.
many
D.
much
In
the
school,
I
asked
one
boy
and
two
girls
about
the
name
of
their
headmaster,
but
________
of
them
could
help
me.
A.
neither
B.
none
C.
both
D.
all
—
What
else
do
you
need,
sir?
—
________
else.
I’ve
got
enough.
Thanks.
A.
Nothing
B.
Anything
C.
Something
D.
Everything
—
Do
you
plan
to
watch
a
talent
show
or
a
sports
show
tonight?
—
________.
I
can’t
stand
them.
I
plan
to
watch
a
sitcom.
A.
Neither
B.
Both
C.
None
D.
Either
Li
Hua’s
parents
hold
different
opinions
on
whether
they
should
have
________
child.
A.
another
B.
other
C.
others
D.
the
other
—
Would
you
like
something
to
drink,
coffee
or
milk?
—
________.
I
would
like
a
cup
of
tea.
A.
Either
B.
Both
C.
Neither
D.
None
Mike
lost
his
school
ID
card
this
morning.
He
is
looking
for
________
now.
A.
it
B.
him
C.
them
D.
her
—
________
do
you
think
of
your
hometown
Kunming?
—
It’s
really
beautiful
and
it
has
developed
rapidly
in
recent
years.
A.
Which
B.
Who
C.
What
D.
Whose
Most
young
people
find
________
exciting
to
watch
a
football
match.
A.
one
B.
this
C.
that
D.
it
Don't
just
wait
for
the
teachers'
help.
We
should
learn
to
teach
________.
A.
you
B.
yourselves
C.
us
D.
ourselves
I
always
believe
that________
is
difficult
if
we
try
our
best
to
do
it.
A.
something
B.
anything
C.
everything
D.
nothing
Everyone
may
make
mistakes
in
life.
The
most
important
thing
is
not
to
repeat________.
A.
it
B.
them
C.
him
D.
her
I
searched
two
bookshops
for
a
dictionary
I
wanted,
but
________
of
them
had
it.
A.
either
B.
both
C.
neither
D.
none
I'm
free
recently,
so________
day
is
OK
for
me
to
go
shopping
with
my
mom.
A.
either
B.
neither
C.
any
D.
some
—
Do
you
know
something
about
inventions,
Bob?
—
Yes,________.
I
want
to
learn
more
about
them.
A.
little
B.
a
little
C.
few
D.
a
few
The
girl
with
glasses
is
new
in
our
class,
so
________
students
know
her.
A.
few
B.
a
few
C.
little
D.
a
little
—
What
an
exciting
match!
—
Yeah.
________
of
them
are
trying
their
best,
because
they
want
to
win.
A.
None
B.
All
C.
Any
D.
Some
This
is
your
jacket.
The
blue
one
on
the
bed
is
________.
A.
I
B.
me
C.
my
D.
mine
Good
books
are
like
________
wise
friends,
because
they
encourage
you
to
walk
forward
and
help
you
understand
the
world.
A.
you
B.
your
C.
yours
D.
yourself
—
________
can
speak
French
in
your
class,
Kelly?
—
Mark.
A.
Who
B.
Whose
C.
Which
D.
How
A
lot
of
people
like
my
father
because
________
is
friendly
and
kind
to
others.
A.
he
B.
him
C.
his
D.
himself
—
Mom,
________
is
my
good
friend
Anna.
—
Nice
to
meet
you,
Anna.
A.
this
B.
that
C.
it
D.
he
—
Which
kind
of
magazine
will
you
take,the
fashion
magazine
or
the
science
magazine?
—
Neither.
I
think
________
of
them
are
very
boring.
A.
either
B.
both
C.
any
D.
some
—
Excuse
me,
I
forget
to
bring
my
pen
to
school
today.
Can
I
use
________?
—
Sure.
Here
you
are.
A.
your
B.
yours
C.
my
D.
mine
—
Were
your
brother
and
sister
at
home
yesterday,
Victor?
—
No,
we________
went
to
the
park
for
a
picnic.
A.
both
B.
neither
C.
all
D.
none
—
Do
you
know
the
boy
in
a
white
T?shirt
over
there?
—
________
is
Bob,
my
pen
pal
from
Australia.
A.
This
B.
That
C.
Those
D.
These
The
Mid?Autumn
Day
is
coming.
________
of
us
is
given
a
mooncake
by
our
school.
A.
Many
B.
Some
C.
Each
D.
Much
________
can
go
to
the
library
with
me
because
all
of
them
are
going
to
the
old
people's
home.
A.
Someone
B.
Anyone
C.
Nobody
D.
Everyone
The
light
in
the
classroom
is
still
on.
There
must
be________
studying
there.
A.
anybody
B.
somebody
C.
everybody
D.
nobody
—
Excuse
me,________
is
the
way
to
the
bus
station?
—
Sorry,
I’m
a
stranger
here.
A.
why
B.
who
C.
which
D.
how
—
Have
you
got
any
books
on
English
grammar?I
want
to
borrow
________.
—
Here
you
are.
But
you
must
return
it
by
Friday.
A.
it
B.
some
C.
one
D.
that
—
Sara
almost
knows________
in
the
party.
—
Yes,
she
is
really
good
at
communicating
with
others
and
she
has
lots
of
friends.
A.
somebody
B.
nobody
C.
anybody
D.
everybody
There
is
________
wrong
with
the
radio,
but
I
can't
fix
it.
A.
everything
B.
nothing
C.
something
D.
anything
The
Browns
had
a
party
with
their
neighbors
yesterday.
________
all
enjoyed
themselves.
A.
We
B.
Us
C.
They
D.
Them
Jane
can
dress________
although
she
is
very
young.
A.
her
B.
his
C.
herself
D.
himself
—
What
do
you
think
of
their
school?
—
It’s
really
beautiful.
But
I
don't
think
their
school
is
as
big
as________.
A.
we
B.
us
C.
our
D.
—
________
are
you
looking
for,
Jim?
—
I
am
looking
for
my
dictionary.
I
can't
find
it.
A.
How
B.
Whose
C.
Which
D.
What
Emily
usually
tries
to
solve
problems
by________
because
she
thinks
it’s
a
good
way
to
improve
her
abilities.
A.
myself
B.
yourself
C.
themselves
D.
herself
—
Long
time
no
see.
How
is
________
with
you,
Bill?
—
Fine,thanks.
A.
everything
B.
anything
C.
nothing
D.
something
—
________
books
are
these
on
the
desk,
Lily?
—
They
are
Mar’'s.
He
just
bought
them.
A.
Who
B.
Whose
C.
Which
D.
What
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
(共
2
页)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
人教版九年级中考英语总复习语法专题
代词讲义
一、代词定义
所谓“代”即“代替”,代替名词或者名词短语的一种词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。在英语语言习惯中,第二次提到一些名词时,一般用代词代替这些名词。因此,代词的使用必须和它所代替的词在人称、数和格上保持一致。英语代词可以分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词、关系代词、反身代词、连接代词和相互代词等。
二、人称代词
人称代词表示“你、我、他(她/它)、你们、我们、他(她/它)们”的词。
人称代词不仅可以指人,也可以指物。有人称(第一、第二、第三),数(单数、复数),格(主格、宾格)之分,各种人称代词见下表。
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一
人称
I
我
me
我
we
我们
us
我们
第二
人称
you
你
you
你
you
你们
you
你们
第三
人称
he
他
him
他
they
他们
them
他们
she
她
her
她
她们
她们
it
它
it
它
它们
它们
注意:主格在句子中作主语,相当于句子的主人,也就是一个句子动作的执行者。宾格在句子中作宾语,相当于句子的客人,也就是一个句子动作的接受者。主格一般位于句首,宾格一般位于动词和介词之后,作动词和介词的宾语。
人称代词的基本用法.
作主语(用主格)
eg:I
like
him
very
much.
我非常喜欢他。
He
gave
me
a
book.
他给了我一本书。
You
are
very
beautiful.
你很漂亮。
She
is
my
mother.
她是我的妈妈。
Look.
They
are
playing
football
on
the
playground.
看,他们正在操场上踢足球。
注意:人称代词在并列使用时,单数的顺序为“二、三、一”,复数的顺序为“一、二、三”。两性并列“他+她”。但是在承认错误时,第一人称放在前面。
◆
单数场合的排列顺序为:you+he/she+I(单数人称二、三、一)
eg:You,
She
and
I
all
like
music.
你,我和她都喜欢音乐。
You,
Tom
and
I
will
go
to
Xi'an
next
month.
你,汤姆和我下个月将去西安。
◆
复数场合的排列顺序为:we+you+they(复数人称一、二、三)
eg:We,
You
and
they
all
like
music.
我们,你们和他们都喜欢音乐。
We,
You
and
they
are
all
Chinese.
我们,你们和他们都是中国人。
◆
男女两性并列时,顺序为:he+she
eg:He
and
she
don't
play
ping?pong
with
me.
他和她不和我打乒乓球。
◆
在承认错误,主动承担责任时。有时说话的人会把I(我)放在第一位。
eg:—
who
broke
the
window?
谁打破了窗户?
—
I
and
he.
我和他。
作宾语(用宾语)
人称代词做宾语时用宾格,一般位于动词和介词的后面。
eg:I
like
him
very
much.
我非常喜欢他。(动词后)
She
saw
you
and
me
last
night.
她昨天见到了你和我。(动词后)
Let
us
clean
the
window.
让我们来擦窗户吧。(动词后)
Look
at
me.
看看我。Listen
to
me.
听我说。(介词后)
I
have
a
book
for
you.
我有一本书给你。(介词后)
作表语
作表语时用主格,但在口语中常用宾格。
eg:—
Who
is
knocking
at
the
door?
谁在敲门?
—
It's
I/me.是我。
I
saw
at
once
it
was
her.
我一下子看到了她。
作同位语
eg:Two
students,
he
and
I,
were
sent
to
buy
some
food
and
drink
for
the
picnic.
我和他两个人被派去购买一些野餐用的食品和饮料。
We,
us
three,
will
be
able
to
finish
the
task.
我们三个人就能完成任务。
2、人称代词it的特殊用法
用来代替上文中提到的特定事物,指同一个物。可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词。
eg:—
What
do
you
think
of
the
movie
by
Jackie
Chan?
你觉得成龙的电影怎么样?
—
Wonderful.
I
like
it
very
much.
太好了。我非常喜欢它。
(这里的it用来指代上文提到过的事,相当于it=the
movie
by
Jackie
Chan
)
it用来指代时间、地点、距离、天气、温度、季节等。
eg:It's
seven
o'clock
now.
现在是7点钟了。
(时间)
It's
about
5
minutes'
walk
from
my
school
to
the
park.
(距离)
从我的学校到公园步行大约5分钟。
It
often
rains
in
Beijing.
北京经常下雨。(天气)
it用来指代不知身份、性别的人。
eg:—
Who
is
dancing
in
the
classroom?
—
It
must
be
Lily.
一定是莉莉。
(不确定身份)
The
baby
is
crying.
It
might
be
hungry.
婴儿在哭。它可能饿了。(不确定性别)
作形式主语或形式宾语。
it可以代替不定式、动名词、从句等作形式主语或形式宾语,而把真正的主语或宾语置于句末,目的是避免头重脚轻。
★
作形式主语,代替由不定式或从句等所表示的真正主语。常用于以下六种句
?
It's
+adj.
+
(for
sb.)
+
to
do
sth.
做某事对某人来说怎么样。
eg:To
drink
enough
water
is
important
every
day.
→
=It
is
important
to
drink
enough
water
every
day.
每天喝足够的水很重要。
To
learn
English
is
very
important
for
me
→
=It
is
very
important
for
me
to
learn
English.
对我来说学英语很重要。
?
It's
time
to
do/for/that……
该作什么的时候了
eg:It's
time
to
get
up.
该起床了。
?
It
takes/took
sb.
+
一段时间+
to
do
sth.
做什么事花费某人多少时间
eg:It
took
him
three
hours
to
get
to
the
train
station.
到火车站花费了他3个小时。
?
It
seems
that……
似乎……
eg:It
seems
that
no
one
knows
what
has
happened
in
the
park.
似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。
?
It's
one's
turn
to
do
sth.
轮到某人做什么事
eg:It's
your
turn
to
do
housework.
轮到你做家务了。
?
It's+adj.
+that从句
eg:It's
impossible
that
we
finish
the
work
in
two
days.
要我们在两天之内完成这项工作是不可能的。
★
形式宾语,代替由不定式或从句等所表示的真正宾语,常用在动词find,
think,
make,
consider,
feel
等之后。固定句型:find/think/make
it
+
adj.
+
(
for
sb.
)
+
to
do……
“发现/认为/使得做某事……”。
eg:I
think
it
necessary
for
us
to
have
a
good
rest
after
the
boring
work.
我认为对我们来说,在烦闷的工作之后好好休息是有必要的。
She
felt
it
her
duty
to
help
the
old
man.
她觉得帮助这个老人是她的责任。
I
found
it
important
to
learn
English
well.
我发现学好英语很重要。
用于强调句型:It
is/was+被强调部分+
that/who+其他。
eg:It
was
at
8:00
yesterday
that
I
went
to
school.
昨天我是8点去的学校。
用来代替指示代词this或that。
eg:—
What's
this?
这是什么?
—
It's
a
pencil.
是一支铅笔。
—
This
a
pencil.
(×)
三、物主代词
物主代词,也可叫代词所有格,表示“所有”关系的代词,汉语译为“……(人)的”。分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,有人称和数的变化。
人称
单数
复数
形容词性
物主代词
名词性
物主代词
形容词性
物主代词
名词性
物主代词
第一人称
my
我的
mine
我的
our
我们的
ours
我们的
第二人称
your
你的
yours
你的
your
你们的
yours
你们的
第三人称
his
他的
his
他的
their
他们的
theirs
他们的
her
她的
hers
她的
她们的
她们的
its
它的
its
它的
它们的
它们的
1、物主代词的基本用法
形容词性物主代词只可作定语
容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,在句中只能作定语。换句话说,形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词。(有名用形)
eg:My
room
is
on
the
second
floor.
我的房间在二楼。
Their
eyes
are
open.
他们的眼睛是挣着的。
名词性物主代词相当于名词,充当名词的成分。
名词性物主代词相当于名词,能单独使用,后面绝对不能接名词。常用于避免重复前面已提及到的名词,避免啰嗦,在句中当名词用。(无名用名)
?
名词性物主代词可作主语
eg:Our
house
is
here,
and
theirs
is
there.
我们的房子在这儿,他们的在那儿。
Your
bedroom
is
big.
Mine
is
big,
too.
你的卧室很大,我的也很大。
?
名词性物主代词可作表语
eg:—
Whose
car
is
this?这是谁的车?
—
It's
hers.
(=her
car)
是她的。
—
Is
that
car
yours?
那辆车是你的吗?
—
Yes,
It's
mine.
(my
car)
是的,它是我的。
?
名词性物主代词可作宾语
eg:Let's
clean
their
room
first
and
ours
later.
(=our
room)
先打扫他们的房间,再打扫我们的
I
have
lost
my
dictionary.
Would
you
please
lend
me
yours?
我的字典丢了,请把你的借给我好吗?
形容词性物主代词构成的固定短语中,代词不可缺少。用one's替代形容词性物主代词。
eg:lose
one's
way
迷路;save
one's
life
救某人的命;make
up
one's
mind
下决心
do
one's
homework
做作业;try
one's
best尽某人最大努力
名词性物主代=形容词性物主代词+名词。
eg:my
bag=mine
your
desk=yours
their
bag(s)=theirs
his
bike=his
Her
bag
is
red.=Hers
is
red.
如果名词前有形容词性物主代词,就不能使用冠词(a、an、the)或指示代词(this、that、these、those)等来修饰同一个名词。
eg:This
is
my
pen.(√)
This
is
my
a
pen.(×)
Could
you
pass
me
that
book.(√)你能递给我那本书吗?
Could
you
pass
me
my
book.(√)你能把我的书递给我吗?
Could
you
pass
me
my
that
book.(×)
名词性物主代词用作主语时,谓语动词的数应与所指的数一致。
eg:Is
this
pencil
yours
or
hers?
这支铅笔是你的还是她的?
It's
mine.
Hers
is
in
her
bag.
是我的。她的在她包里。
(这里主语hers是单数概念,Hers
is
=
Her
pencil
is)
Are
these
pencil
yours
or
hers?
这些铅笔是你的还是她的?
They
are
mine.
Hers
are
in
her
bag.
它们是我的。她的在他的包里。
(这里主语hers是复数数概念,Hers
are
=
Her
pencil
are)
四、指示代词
指示代词是用来指代和标记人和事物的代词,表示“这、这些、那、那些”。
指示代词
近指
远指
单数
复数
单数
复数
this(这个)
these(这些)
that(那个)
those(那些)
1、指示代词的用法
指示代词在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。
指示代词作主语
eg:This
is
a
good
idea.
这是个好主意。=This
idea
is
good.
这个主意不错。
That
is
a
dog.
那是一条狗。
指示代词作表语
eg:—
what
is
this/that?
这/那是什么?
—
It
is
a
book.
这是一本书。
指示代词作宾语
eg:You
like
this
but
I
like
that.
你喜欢这个,而我却喜欢那个。
指示代词作定语
eg:What
is
the
use
of
those
books?
那些书有什么用处呢?
2、指示代词的其他用法
this/these指代在时间和空间上较近的人和物,that/those指代在时间和空间上较远的人和物。
eg:This
is
a
book.
这是一本书。
These
are
some
books.
这些是书。
That
is
a
dog.
那是一条狗。
Those
are
some
dogs.
那些是狗。
I
like
these
flowers
very
much.
我非常喜欢这些花。
打电话时,常用this指代自己,that指代对方。
eg:—
Hello,
this
is
Zhang
Peng.
Who
is
that
speaking?
你好,我是张鹏。你是哪位?
—
Hello,
this
is
Lucy.
Who
is
that?
你好,我是露西。你是哪位?
—
This
is
Lily.
我是丽丽。
指示代词提问时,要用“It
is……”或者“They
are……”回答。
eg:—
what
is
this/that?
—
It
is
a
book.(√)
—
This/That
is
a
book.(×)
—
what
are
these/those?
—
They
are
books.(√)
—
These/Those
are
books.(×)
that还可以指上文提到的事物,this指下文中将要提到的事物。
eg:I
had
a
bad
cold.
That
was
why
I
didn't
go
to
school.
(
that
=
I
had
a
bad
cold
)
我得了重感冒。这就是我没去上学的原因。
Please
remember
this:
No
pains,
no
gains.
(
this
=
No
pains,
no
gains
)
请记住:没有付出,就没有回报。
注意:this和these一般不用于替代前面提到过的事物。替代前面提到过的事物一般用that和those,为了避免重复,that可代替前面提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词,those可代替复数可数名词,其后总有修饰语。
eg:The
weather
in
summer
in
Beijing
is
cooler
than
that
in
Shanghai.
北京夏天的天气比上海夏天的天气凉爽。(that代替不可数名词the
weather)
Television
sets
made
in
Beijing
are
just
as
good
as
those
made
in
Shanghai.
在北京制造的电视机和在上海制造的一样好。(those代替复数可数名词television
sets)
五、反身代词
表示“我(们)自己”、“你(们)自己”、“他/她/它(们)自己”等的代词,叫反身代词(有些语法书也称为“自身代词”)。反身代词多用于动词或介词后做宾语,强调“某人自己”反身代词应与自己的逻辑主语在人称和数上保持一致。
单数
汉语
复数
汉语
第一人称
myself
我自己
ourselves
我们自己
第二人称
yourself
你自己
yourselves
你们自己
第三人称
himself
他自己
themselves
他们自己
herself
她自己
她们自己
itself
它自己
它们自己
1、反身代词作宾语。
反身代词经常用在enjoy,
teach,
hurt,
buy,
introduce,
dress,
express,
help,
wash,
praise,
save等动词的后面作宾语。表示动作的承受者就是动作的执行者,也可用于介词后作宾语,与句子主语互指。
eg:The
child
can
dress
himself.
这孩子能自己穿衣服了。
I
teach
myself
English.
我自学英语。
I
finished
the
work
by
myself.
我一个人完成了这项工作。
The
old
woman
often
talks
to
herself.
这位老妇人经常自言自语。
It's
very
important
for
us
to
learn
how
to
learn
by
ourselves?
学会如何自学对我们来说很重要?
注意:反身代词在句中作宾语时,动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。
2、反身代词作表语
在be,
feel,
look,
seem等系动词后作表语,表示或描述一种感觉、身体或精神所处的一种状态。
eg:The
poor
girl
she
talked
about
was
herself.
她讲的那个可怜的女孩就是她自己。
After
a
few
days
of
rest,
he
was
more
himself
again.
休息几天之后,他的身体好多了。
3、反身代词作同位语
反身代词用作同位语以加强语气,表示强调“本人,自己”,在句中的位置较灵活。
eg:He
cooked
it
himself
=He
himself
cooked
it.
他自己做的饭。
I
spoke
to
the
boss
himself.
我是对老板本人讲的。
注意:反身代词可用来强调主语本身,但是不能单独作主语用。
eg:Myself
will
do
it.
(×)
I
will
do
it
myself.
(√)
I
myself
will
do
it.
(√)
我自己本人将做这件事。
4、介词+反身代词
eg:Lucy
said
to
herself,
“Where
am
I?”
露西自言自语道:“我在哪儿呢?”
I
went
to
the
supermarket
by
himself.
我—个人去超市了。
(意思是“我独自一个人在没有别人的帮助下去的那儿”。by
oneself相当于alone或without
help)
比较:I
went
to
the
supermarket
myself.
我亲自去的超市。
(强调不需要别人去,我自己去的)
5、切记反身代词固定搭配。
enjoy
oneself
玩得愉快
help
oneself
to……
随便吃/喝……
dress
oneself
打扮,自己穿衣服
come
to
oneself
恢复知觉
for
oneself
亲自
learn
by
oneself
自学
teach
oneself
自学
talk
to
oneself
自言自语
lose
oneself
迷路
make
oneself
at
home
别拘束,像在自己家一样
save
oneself
自救
praise
oneself
自吹自擂
六、相互代词
1、相互代词的形式
相互代词表示一个动作在它所涉及的各个对象间是相互存在的。
相互代词
主格/宾格
所有格
each
other
each
other
each
other's
one
another
one
another
one
another's
2、相互代词的用法
相互代词作宾语
eg:We
help
each
other/one
another.
我们互相帮助。
Don't
talk
to
each
other/one
another.
不要互相说话。
补充:一般来说each
other和one
another都指代两个或两个以上的人或物,可以互换使用。
Tom
and
Paul
are
passing
to
each
other.
汤姆和保罗正在互相传球。
We
don't
often
see
each
other
now.
我们现在不常见面了。
所有格形式作定语
eg:We
should
point
out
each
other's/one
another's
shortcomings.
我们应该指出彼此的缺点
They
know
each
other's
favourite(s).
他们了解彼此的爱好。
七、不定代词
所谓“不定”就是不明确指某个人和物或某些人和物的代词,不明确所代替的名词,而起到名词或形容词作用的代词叫不定代词。不定代词分为两大类,即普通不定代词和复合不定代词。初中阶段应掌握以下不定代词及一些常用的复合不定代词等。
1、普通不定代词
one的用法
one具有名词和形容词性质,表示“一个”的意思;既可指人,也可指物。one在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
单数
复数
人称
物主代词
反身代词
one
ones
one's
oneself
?
one和ones的一般用法
eg:One
should
try
one's
best
to
serve
the
people.(指人,作主语)
一个人应该尽最大努力为人民服务。
—
Look
at
that
boy!
看那个男孩!
—
Which
one
?
哪个男孩?(指人)
—
The
one
wearing
a
blue
sweater.
穿着蓝色毛衣的那个。(指人)
Which
boxes
are
bigger.
these
ones
(指物=these
boxes)
or
those
ones
(指物)?
哪些盒子更大一些,这些还是那些?
I've
been
looking
for
a
pencil,
but
I
can't
find
one.(指物,作宾语)
我一直在找一支铅笔,可是找不到。
One
(主语)
should
not
praise
oneself(宾语).
人不应该炫耀自己。
?
one和ones用来代替
one和ones可用来代替前面出现过的可数名词(单数或复数),以避免重复。
eg:—
Look!
There
are
many
pictures.
看!有很多幅画。
—
Which
one(=picture)
do
you
like
best?
你最喜欢哪一幅?
—
Which
ones(=pictures)
do
you
like
best?
你最喜欢哪几幅?
补充:one和ones指的都是同类异物。one代替单数,ones代替复数。
eg:—
Do
you
have
a
USB
disk?
你有
U
盘吗?
—
Yes,I
have
one.
是的,我有一个。
This
cup
is
dirty,
please
give
me
another
one.
这个杯子不干净,请给我另外一个。
I
like
small
cars
better
than
large
ones.
我喜欢小型汽车胜过喜欢大型汽车。
?
one和ones的修饰词
one的前面可用the,
this,
that,
which等词修饰,同时one和ones还可以用形容词来修饰。
eg:There
are
three
packs,
which
one
is
yours,
this
one
or
that
one
or
the
one
in
the
trunk?
这儿有三个背包,哪一个是你的?这个,那个,还是在后备箱里的那个?
I
have
an
old
bike,and
she
has
a
new
one.(我有辆旧自行车,她有辆新的。)
The
highlighter
is
blue.
Will
you
please
give
me
a
red
one?
这支荧光笔是蓝色的。请给我一支红色的好吗?
The
highlighters
are
blue.
Will
you
please
pass
me
some
red
ones?
这些荧光笔是蓝色的。请递给我几支红色的好吗?
补充:own后面不用one
eg:My
shoes
don't
fit
you,
you'd
better
wear
your
own
one.
你穿我的鞋不合适,你最好还是穿你自己的。
◆
关于one的注意事项
①
数词one指数字“一”,代词one代替前面提到过的人或物。
eg:I
have
one
(数词)
present,
but
she
has
three.
It's
unfair.
我有一个礼物,但是她有三个。这不公平。
This
is
not
the
one
(代词)I
want.(这不是我想要的那—、。)
②
one,
it和that的区别
one,
it和that都可以指代上文提到过的事物,但用法有所不同:
?
it作代词,可用来代替上文提到的同一人或事物,其复数形弍为they。
eg:I
bought
a
radio
yesterday,
but
it
doesn't
work
well.
我昨天买一台收音机,但它功能不好。
?
one所代替的是前面所提到的人或物同类中的一个,并不是同一事物,其复数形式为ones
eg:I
have
a
new
hat
and
several
old
ones.
我有一顶新帽子和几顶旧帽子。
?
one或ones前面可以加冠词和形容词,
it则不能。
eg:The
sweater
is
too
small.
I
want
a
larger
one.
这件毛衣太小了。我想要件大点儿的。
?
that可代替前面提到过的单数可数名词或不可数名词,它表示同一类而不是同一个,其后常带有修饰语。
eg:The
population
of
China
is
larger
than
that
of
India.中国的人口比印度的人口多。
(that指代不可数名词,后有修饰语;that指代同一类但不是同一个)
some、any
?
表示“一些”时,some和any既可以修饰可数名词;也可以修饰不可数名词,一般来说,some用于肯定句,多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中,表示“一些”,也可用于肯定句中,表示三个或三个以上中“任一”。(所以说,在变否定句和一般疑问句时,为什么要把some换成any,原因就在于此。)
eg:Here
is
some
milk
for
you.
这儿有一些牛奶给你。(肯定句)
I
would
like
some
grapes.
我想要一些葡萄。
(肯定句)
I
don't
want
any
coffee.
我不想要咖啡。
(否定句)
I
can't
eat
any
candies.
我不能吃一些糖果。
(否定句)
He
is
taller
than
any
other
boy
in
his
class.
(肯定句)
他比他班里的其他任何一个男孩都高。
There
isn't
any
milk
in
the
fridge.
冰箱里没有牛奶了。(not
any+名词=no+名词)
=There
is
no
milk
in
the
fridge.
?
some本来是用在肯定句的,如果some用在了疑问句时,它表示委婉请求,建议,邀请等,希望得到对方肯定回答。
eg:Can
I
have
some
milk?
我能喝一些牛奶吗?(疑问句)
Would
you
like
some
coffee?
你想喝咖啡吗?(疑问句)
?
“some/any
of……”做主语时,谓语动词的单数需要根据of后名词的单数而定。
eg:Some
of
the
food
has
gone
bad.
有些食物变质了。
I
don't
think
any
of
them
are
coming.
我想他们谁也不会来。
many、much
?
many、much都意为“许多”many
+
可数名词复数,much
+
不可数名词。
eg:many
students
许多学生
(可数名词复数)
many
books
许多书
(可数名词复数)
many
pens
许多钢笔
(可数名词复数
How
much
rice
do
you
need?
你需要多少米饭?
(不可数名词)
?
How
many用来修饰可数名词的复数,对数量的多少提问,它的句式是:“How
many+复数名词+一般疑问句+其他?”How
much用来修饰不可数名词,对数量的多少提问。它的句式是:“How
much+不可数名词+一般疑问句+其他?”
eg:There
are
seven
books
on
the
desk.
(用how
many)
How
many
books
are
there
on
the
desk?
There
are
seven
days
in
a
week.
(对划线部分进行提问)
How
many
days
are
there
in
a
week?
There
is
a
lot
of
milk
in
the
glass.
(对划线部分进行提问)
How
much
milk
is
there
in
the
glass?
玻璃杯里有多少牛奶?
注意:How
much还可以表示“多少钱”,也可以单独使用,用来询问某物的价格。相当于“how
much
money”,money可以省略!句式:how
much+be+询问价格的对象?
eg:-
How
much
is
the
eraser?
这块橡皮擦多少钱?
-
Five
yuan.
五元
-
How
much
is
this
shirt?
这件衬衫多少钱?
few/a
few
与
little/a
little
修饰可数名词复数
修饰不可数名词
有“a”则“有”即肯定
无“a”则“无”即否定
表肯定(一些;几个)
a
few
a
little
表否定(几乎没有)
few
little
eg:There
are
a
few
eggs
in
the
fridge,so
I
needn't
buy
any
at
once.
冰箱里还有几个鸡蛋,所以我不必立刻去买。
There
are
few
eggs
in
the
fridge,
so
I
must
buy
some.
冰箱里几乎没有鸡蛋了,所以我必须买一些。
I
can
only
speak
a
little
French.
我只会说一点儿法语。
There's
little
rice
in
the
bowl.
碗里没多少米饭了。
another,
other,
the
other,
others
与
the
others
another
可作限定词,也可作代词,意为“又一,另一”,可用于三个或更多的人或物,泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”,可修饰或代替单数可数名词
other
可作形容词或代词,作形容词时,意思是“别的,其他的”,泛指其他的人或物,其后常接可数名词复数也可接单数。
the
other
作形容词讲时,意为“(两者之中)另一个的”;作代词讲时,意为“(两者之中的)另一个人或物”,常用结构“one……the
other……”意为“一个……另一个……”。
others
是other的复数形式,泛指“另外几个;其余的”,在句中可作主语或宾语。表示除去一部分后的另一些,但不是剩下的全部。常用结构“some…others…”意为“一些……另一些……”。
the
others
意为“其他东西;其余的人”,特指某一定范围内除去一部分后,剩下的全部人或物,是the
other的复数形式。相当于“the
other
+可数名词复数”。
?
表示两件东西或两个人中“一个……另一个……”这一意思用“one……the
other……”
◇
◆
one
the
other
?
表示许多人或物中的“一部分”和“另一部分(并非全部)”,用“some…others/some…”意为“一些……另一些……”。
◇◇◇◇◇
◇◇◆◆◆◆◇◇
some
others/some
?
表示许多人或物中的“一部分”和“其余的全部”,用“some…the
others/the
rest…”意为“一些……其余的……”。
◇◇◇◇◇
◆◆◆◆◆◆◆
some
the
others/the
rest
?
表示不定数目中的“一个”与“另一个”,用“one……another……”
◇
◇◇◇◆◇◇◇
one
another
eg:Could
I
have
another
glass
of
milk?
我可以再喝一杯牛奶吗?
Miss
Li
and
three
other
teachers
are
there.
李老师和其他三位老师在那里。
I
have
two
books.
One
is
about
math
and
the
other
is
about
politics.
我有两本书。一本是关于数学的,另一本是关于政治的。
The
students
of
Class
Four
are
cleaning
the
classroom.
Some
are
carrying
water,
others
are
sweeping
the
floor.
四班的学生们在打扫教室。一些人在提水,另一些人在扫地。
Some
students
are
on
the
playground.
Where
are
the
others?
一些学生在操场上。其他的学生在哪里?
The
coat
is
a
little
too
big,
show
me
another
one.这件外套有点太大了,给我看看另一个。
every与each
every
限定词
意为“每个;每一”,指三者或三者以上中的“每一个”,侧重总体,不能单独使用。every修饰名词,且名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
each
限定词
指两者或两者以上中的“每一个”,侧重个体。修饰名词,且名词作主语时,谓语动词可单也可复。
代词
可作主语或宾语,其后可跟介词of。
eg:Not
every
horse
can
run
fast.
并非所有的马都能跑得快。
Every
teacher
knows
her.
每一位老师都认识她。
There
are
lots
of
trees
on
each
side
of
the
road.
公路的每一边都有许多树。
Each
of
us
has
a
dictionary.
我们每个人都有一本词典。
none与no
one
none
1、既可指人,也可指物。
2、可单独使用,也可和Of连用,后跟不可数名词或可数名词复数。
3、none
of:与不可数名词连用作主语时,谓语动词用单数;与可数名词复数连用作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数均可。
4、用来回答以how
many或
how
much开头的问句。
no
one
1、只能指人,不能指物。
2、一般单独使用,不与of连用。
3、作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数。
4、用来回答
以who开头的问句。
eg:None
of
us
went
to
the
zoo.
我们没有人去动物园。
No
one
wants
to
leave.
没有人想离开。
all,none,neither,both,
与
either
all
全、都(三者以上)
All
the
flowers
are
yellow.
所有的花都是黄色的。
none
一个也没有(三者以上全部否定)
None
of
the
books
are
interesting.
没有一本书有趣。
None
of
the
money
is
mine.
这些钱都不是我的。
both
两者都
Both
the
boys
are
clever.
两个男孩都很聪明。
neither
两者都不
Neither
of
the
two
boys
is
clever这两个男孩都不聪明
either
两者中的任一个
Either
of
the
two
boys
is
clever.这两个男孩中有一个很聪明。
区别关键点:
?
一看数量。三者或三者以上用all/none;
两者用either/neither/both。
?
二看肯定还是否定。all/both/either表肯定;none/neither表否定。not…either相当于neither。
复合不定代词的用法
some
any
no
every
复合不定代词
thing
something
anything
nothing
everything
body
somebody
anybody
nobody
everybody
one
someone
anyone
no
one
everyone
?
复合不定代词只相当于名词,在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语,不能作定语(即不具有形容词的性质)。
●含-body和-one的复合不定代词只用来代替人,在功能和意义上完全相同,可以互换。
eg:Someone/Somebody
is
crying
in
the
next
room.有人在隔壁房间里哭。
●
含-thing的复合不定代词只用来指事物。
eg:Are
you
going
to
buy
anything?
你打算去买东西吗?
?
复合不定代词都作单数看待,如果充当主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg:Is
everyone
here
today?
今天大家都到齐了吗?
Nothing
is
difficult
if
you
put
your
heart
into
it.世上无难事,只怕有心人。
?
形容词修饰复合不定代词时,要放在复合不定代词的后面。
eg:Can
you
tell
something
interesting?
你能讲一些有趣的事情吗?
Did
you
go
anywhere
interesting
last
weekend?上周末你去什么有趣的地方了
?
和some,
any用法一样,带有some的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句和请求语气的句子中,带有any的复合不定代词一般用于否定句、疑问句。
eg:I
have
something
important
to
tell
you.
我有一些重要的事要告诉你。
Do
you
have
anything
to
say?
你有话要说吗?
?
在表示请求、邀请、提建议等的疑问句和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中,也可用含-some的复合不定代词。
eg:Would
you
like
something
to
eat?
你想要吃的东西吗?
(表示建议)
Could
you
tell
me
something
about
her?你能告诉我一些关于她的事吗?
(表示请求)
Why
don?t
you
ask
someone
to
help
you?你为什么不请人帮你呢
(表示反问)
?
含有any的复合不定代词也可以用于肯定句中,表示“任何人”或“任何事”的意思。
eg:Anything
is
OK.什么都行。
Anybody
knows
the
answer.
任何人都知道答案。
八、疑问代词
疑问代词是用来构成特殊疑问句的代词,一般放在句首,并在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。常见的疑问代词有:
功能
主语
宾语
表语
定语
与of短语连用
指人
主格
who
√
√
√
宾格
whom
√
√
属格
whose
√
√
√
指物
which
(也可指人)
√
√
√
√
what
√
√
√
√
1、who,
whom与whose
who意为“谁”,在句中可作主语、宾语或表语,常用来问某人的身份或姓名;whom
为who的宾格形式,在句中只能作动词和介词的宾语,whose是who的所有格形式,意为“谁的”。
eg:who
can
swim?
谁会游泳?
whose
book
is
this?
这是谁的书?
Who
(whom)
are
you
looking
for?
你在找谁?
2、what意为“什么”,用来提问未知的事物。
eg:what
is
this?
这是什么
what
are
you
doing?
你在做什么?
what
is
your
elder
sister?
你姐姐是做什么的?
=what
does
your
elder
sister
do?
你姐姐是做什么的?
=what's
your
elder
sister's
job?
what
do
you
do
for
a
living?
你以何为生?
3、which意为“哪一个”,多用来提问一定范围的人和物。
eg:which
season
do
you
like
best?
你最喜欢哪个季节?
4、which与what
which意为“哪一个”,它与what的不同之处在于:which指在一定范围内特指的人或物,而what没有一定范围的限制。
eg:Which
would
you
like
to
choose
to
live
in,Chengdu,Beijing
or
Shanghai?
你会选择在哪个城市居住,成都、北京还是上海?
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
(共
2
页)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)