中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(
写作专题之三
名词性从句，让作文出彩
)
(
第
二十三
讲
)
(
知识点睛
)
复合句(1)——名词性从句
复合句包括名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)，定语从句和状语从句。
[名词性从句分类]
①I
think
that
it's
our
duty
to
help
parents
do
some
housework.
我认为帮助父母做家务是我们的职责。(宾语从句)
②I
took
pride
in
what
I
had
done
in
the
absence
of
my
father.
我为自己在爸爸不在家时的表现感到自豪。(宾语从句)
③There
is
no
doubt
that
children
there
are
badly
in
need
of
care
and
help.
毫无疑问，那里的孩子急需关爱和帮助。(同位语从句)
④What
interests
me
most
is
literary
books，especially
those
by
famous
writers.
我最感兴趣的是文学书，尤其是由著名作家写的。(主语从句)
⑤My
English
is
just
OK
and
the
two
main
problems
in
my
study
are
that
I
feel
it
difficult
to
learn
words
by
heart，and
that
I
often
feel
nervous
when
speaking
English.
我的英语还不错，学习中最主要的两个问题是我感觉记单词难，而且说英语时经常感到紧张。(表语从句)
[名词性从句写法指导]
名词性从句的写法和定语从句一样，名词性从句也是学生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，在写作时同样可采用“三步法”：
第一步：写出两个简单句。
第二步：让一个简单句作从句，要注意和另一个句子的关联性。
第三步：把两个句子合成复合句，要特别注意关联词的选择和从句的语序。
[名词性从句写法示例]
一天，她听到要举行运动会的消息。
第一步：写出两个简单句。
①One
day，he
heard
the
news.
②The
sports
meeting
would
be
held.
第二步：让句①作主句，即主句为：One
day，he
heard
the
news.
第三步：把句②作同位语从句，解释news的内容，从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。
One
day，she
heard
the
news
that
the
sports
meeting
would
be
held.
(
经典精讲
)
名词性从句通常由从属连词(that，whether，if)、连接代词(who，what，which)、连接副词(when，where，why，how)引导。名词性从句都不能用逗号与主句分开。
一、主语从句
(1)What
we
need
most
are
popular
science
books.
我们最需要的是科普书籍。
(2)I
hope
what
I
will
do
will
make
a
great
difference
to
them.
我希望我要做的将对他们很有意义。
二、宾语从句
(1)I
think
it'll
be
a
new
challenge
to
me.
我认为这对我来说将是一个新的挑战。
(2)I'm
sorry
to
say
that
I
can't
go
to
the
bookstore
with
you
on
Friday
afternoon.
我非常抱歉地说星期五下午不能和你一块去书店了。
(3)
I
wonder
if
you'd
like
to
go
with
me.
我想知道你是否想和我一起去。
(4)We
are
aware
that
we
should
build
up
our
bodies
and
live
a
healthy
life.
我们意识到我们应该锻炼身体，过健康的生活。
(5)I
am
sure
that
with
your
great
efforts,
you
will
enjoy
a
colorful
and
fruitful
life
here.
我确信在你的努力下，你在这里的生活会丰富多彩。
(6)I'm
sorry
to
know
that
you're
having
such
a
bad
time
at
the
moment.
我很遗憾得知你现在过得不好。
(7)This
quotation
from
Winston
Churchill
tells
us
that
we
shouldn't
get
discouraged
right
after
failures.
温斯顿·丘吉尔的这句名言告诉我们：我们不应该在失败后沮丧。
(8Can
I
suggest
that
we
put
it
off
until
early
August?
我能建议把它推迟到八月初吗？
(9)I'd
also
like
to
know
how
much
I
have
to
pay
for
the
course
and
whether
accommodation
is
included.
我还想知道我要付多少学费，是否包含住宿。
(10)I
often
imagine
what
my
life
will
be
like
in
the
future.I
think
my
life
will
be
very
different
in
ten
years.
我经常想象未来我的生活会是什么样的。我想我的生活在十年后会非常不同。
三、同位语从句
(1)There
is
no
doubt
that
you
can
get
along
well
with
them.
毫无疑问，你可以和他们友好相处。
(2)It
shows
a
common
phenomenon
nowadays
that
children
are
the
focus
of
families,
shouldering
the
hope
of
their
parents.
它反应出当今的一个普遍现象：孩子们是家庭的焦点，肩负着父母的希望。
四、表语从句
In
addition
to
reading
for
knowledge,
we
read
for
fun
and
inspiration.
That
is
why
I
recommend
another
category
of
books：literary
books.
除了为知识，我们还为兴趣和灵感读书。那就是我为什么推荐另一种书——文学书。
特别注意：it作形式主语或形式宾语的高级句型
1．it作形式主语的常用句型
①It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/
wrong/important/certain等)＋that...
②It＋be＋名词(短语)(a
pity/a
shame/no
wonder/one's
desire等)＋that...
③It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)＋that...
④It＋特殊动词(seems，appears，happens，matters)＋that...
⑤It
doesn't
matter
who/whether/if...
例：
It's
our
desire
that
you
should
provide
some
money
to
fund
our
program，as
well
as
offer
us
some
practical
suggestions.
我们渴望你能为我们的项目提供一些资金，还能提供一些实用的建议。
It's
reported
that
about
30
volunteers
who
are
at
least
18
years
old
will
be
chosen
from
all
over
the
world
to
the
Mars
by
the
year
of
2015.
据报道，大约30名至少18岁的志愿者将从世界各地被选出来于2015年前奔赴火星。
2．it作形式宾语的常用句型
①动词
find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
②有些动词(短语)带宾语从句时，需要在宾语从句前加it，这类动词(短语)主要有：hate，like，owe，enjoy，appreciate，see
to，rely
on等。
例：
I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
could
sell
the
knots
for
10
dollars
each.
如果你们能以每个10美元的价格卖这些中国结，我将不胜感激。
I
think
it
necessary
that
we
take
plenty
of
boiled
water
every
day.
我认为我们每天喝大量的开水是必要的。
(
实战演练
)
Ⅰ.把下列每组题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句。
1．When
did
you
enter
the
room？The
police
wants
to
know
it.
_________________________________________________
2．This
is
my
decision.All
of
us
are
to
start
at
6
o'clock
tomorrow
morning.
_________________________________________________
3．Our
women
volleyball
team
had
won
the
championship.The
news
encouraged
us
all
greatly.
_________________________________________________
4．We
should
practise
oral
English
for
an
hour
every
day.That
was
our
rule.
_________________________________________________
5．Shall
we
go
picnicking
tomorrow？It
depends
on
the
weather.
_________________________________________________
答案：
1.The
police
wants
to
know
when
you
entered
the
room.
2．My
decision
is
that
all
of
us
are
to
start
at
6
o'clock
tomorrow
morning.
3．The
news
that
our
women
volleyball
team
had
won
the
championship
encouraged
us
all
greatly.
4．We
made
it
a
rule
that
we
should
practise
oral
English
for
an
hour
every
day.
5．Whether
we
shall
go
picnicking
tomorrow
depends
on
the
weather.
Ⅱ.用适当的关联词填空
1．I
am
wondering
__________
you
can
help
me
sell
some.
2．By
the
way，do
you
know
__________
they
stand
for?
3．I
sincerely
hope
that
you
will
give
me
a
chance
and
please
believe
__________
I
will
be
a
good
vice
president.
4．Personally
speaking，I
don't
think
__________
these
parents
do
is
helpful
to
their
children.
5．I
know
that
it
is
__________
I
don't
spend
much
time
memorizing
them
after
class.
答案：
1.whether/if 2.what 3.that 4.what 5.because
III.
用it作形式主语或形式宾语翻译句子。
1．他来不来参加这个会议无关紧要。
_________________________________________________
2．你错过了一场这么好的报告真是可惜。
_________________________________________________
3．如果你能教我如何用电脑，我将不胜感激。
_________________________________________________
答案：
1.It
doesn't
matter
whether
he
comes
to
the
meeting
or
not.
2．It
is
a
pity
that
you
missed
such
a
good
lecture.
3．I'd
appreciate
it
if
you
could
teach
me
how
to
use
the
computer.
IV.
针对训练
用名词性从句翻译下列句子
1．在这里你可以做你想做的任何事情。
2．我对你说过的话感兴趣。
3．无论谁犯了法都要受到惩罚。
4．问题是谁去那儿。
5．那是因为你吃得太多了。
6．他什么也没说这个事实让每一个人都感到惊讶。
答案：1.You
can
do
whatever
you
like
here.
2．I'm
interested
in
what
you
have
said.
3．Whoever
breaks
the
law
will
be
punished.
4．The
question
is
who
can
go
there.
5．It's
because
you
eat
too
much.
6．The
fact
that
he
had
not
said
anything
surprised
everybody.
(
巩固练习
)
写作
请按以下内容要点写一封电子邮件，尽可能多地使用名词从句。
假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack发来邮件，想了解中国茶文化常识。现在，请你给他回信，内容包括：
1．中国茶文化简介；
2．饮茶的好处；
3．邀请他来中国体验茶文化。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
Dear
Jack，
I'm
so
proud
that
you
are
interested
in
Chinese
tea
and
its
culture.
I'm
more
than
willing
to
give
you
a
brief
introduction.
As
is
known
to
all,
China
is
home
to
tea,
from
where
tea
has
been
spread
all
over
the
world.
With
a
history
of
four
to
five
thousand
years,
tea
culture
has
been
an
important
part
of
Chinese
culture.
①Whenever
guests
visit,
it
is
a
custom
to
make
and
serve
tea
to
them.
②Drinking
tea
has
a
number
of
advantages,
one
of
which
is
that
it
helps
refresh
yourself
and
improve
your
thinking
ability.
Besides,
drinking
tea
every
day
is
said
to
help
you
keep
healthy
and
live
longer.
What's
more,
some
kinds
of
tea
can
even
help
people
lose
weight
and
become
more
beautiful,
which
appeals
to
a
lot
of
ladies.
I
do
hope
you
can
come
to
taste
Chinese
tea
and
experience
our
tea
culture.
Looking
forward
to
your
reply!
Yours，
Li
Hua
句式仿写
1．根据句①仿写句子
无论他们在哪里，对他们来说回家和家人团聚是一种习俗。
Wherever
they
are,
it
is
a
custom
for
them
to
return
home
to
get
together
with
their
families.
2．根据句②仿写句子
参加这个活动有很多益处，其中之一是它能帮助你更好地了解中国传统文化。
Taking
part
in
the
activity
has
a
number
of
benefits,
one
of
which
is
that
it
can
help
you
have
a
better
understanding
of
traditional
Chinese
culture.
Task
1：阅读下列短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The
production
of
coffee
beans
is
a
huge，profitable
business，but，unfortunately，full?sun
production
is
taking
over
the
industry
and
bringing
about
a
lot
of
damage.The
change
in
how
coffee
is
grown
from
shade?grown
production
to
full?sun
production
endangers
the
very
existence
of
certain
animals
and
birds，and
even
disturbs
the
world's
ecological
balance.
On
a
local
level，the
damage
of
the
forest
required
by
full?sun
fields
affects
the
area's
birds
and
animals.The
shade
of
the
forest
trees
provides
a
home
for
birds
and
other
species(物种)
that
depend
on
the
trees'
flowers
and
fruits.Full?sun
coffee
growers
destroy
this
forest
home.As
a
result，many
species
are
quickly
dying
out.
On
a
more
global
level，the
destruction
of
the
rainforest
for
full?sun
coffee
fields
also
threatens(威胁)
human
life.Medical
research
often
makes
use
of
the
forests'
plant
and
animal
life，and
the
destruction
of
such
species
could
prevent
researchers
from
finding
cures
for
certain
diseases.In
addition，new
coffee?growing
techniques
are
poisoning
the
water
locally，and
eventually
the
world's
groundwater.
Both
locally
and
globally，the
continued
spread
of
full?sun
coffee
plantations(种植园)
could
mean
the
destruction
of
the
rainforest
ecology.The
loss
of
shade
trees
is
already
causing
a
slight
change
in
the
world's
climate，and
studies
show
that
the
loss
of
oxygen?giving
trees
also
leads
to
air
pollution
and
global
warming.Moreover，the
new
growing
techniques
are
contributing
to
acidic(酸性的)
soil
conditions.
It
is
obvious
that
the
way
much
coffee
is
grown
affects
many
aspects
of
life，from
the
local
environment
to
the
global
ecology.But
consumers
do
have
a
choice.They
can
purchase
shade?grown
coffee
whenever
possible，although
at
a
higher
cost.The
future
health
of
the
planet
and
mankind
is
surely
worth
more
than
an
inexpensive
cup
of
coffee.
【语篇解读】 咖啡豆从遮荫种植变成全日照种植，威胁到一些动物的存在，破坏了全世界的生态平衡。
1．What
can
we
learn
about
full?sun
coffee
production
from
Paragraph
4?
A．It
limits
the
spread
of
new
growing
techniques.
B．It
leads
to
air
pollution
and
global
warming.
C．It
slows
down
the
loss
of
shade
trees.
D．It
improves
local
soil
conditions.
答案 B [细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“...the
loss
of
oxygen?giving
trees
also
leads
to
air
pollution
and
global
warming.”可知B项正确。由第四段第一句可知，是扩大了而不是限制了新种植技术的传播，故A项错误；它破坏了雨林生态系统，而不是减慢了这些树的丧失速度，故C项错误；由第四段最后一句可知，这种新的种植技术导致了酸性土壤状况而不是改进了土壤状况，故D项错误。]
2．The
purpose
of
the
text
is
to________.
A．entertain
B．advertise
C．instruct
D．persuade
答案 D [作者意图题。通读全文可知，本文向大家介绍咖啡豆的新的种植技术所带来的不良影响，旨在说服大家作出正确的选择，故选D项persuade(说服)。entertain娱乐；advertise做广告；instruct指导，均不合适。]
3．Where
does
this
text
probably
come
from?
A．An
agricultural
magazine.
B．A
medical
journal.
C．An
engineering
textbook.
D．A
tourist
guide.
答案 A [文章出处题。本文向大家介绍咖啡豆的种植技术所带来的不良影响，这属于农学的范畴，因此最有可能出自一本农学杂志，故选A项。]
4．Which
of
the
following
shows
the
structure
of
the
whole
text?
答案 A [篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段从整体上介绍咖啡豆的新的种植技术带来的危害，中间第二、三、四段详细介绍了具体的危害，最后一段介绍这种新的种植技术影响我们生活的各个层面，消费者要作出正确的选择。因此，整篇文章属于“总—分—总”结构，故选A项。]
Task
2：词汇积累
1．existence
n．存在
2．consumer
n．消费者
3．purchase
vt.购买
4．disturb
v．打断 disturb
a
plan打乱计划
5．take
over接管
I
was
assigned
to
take
over
your
position.
我被指派接任你的位置。
6．bring
about
引起
7．contribute
to
是……原因；有助于；为……作贡献
8．destruction
n．破坏
9．ecological
balance生态平衡
Task
3：单句语法填空
1．The
production
of
coffee
beans
is
a
huge，profitable
business，but，________
(fortunate)，full?sun
production
is
taking
over
the
industry
and
bringing
about
a
lot
of
damage.
2．________
a
local
level，the
damage
of
the
forest
required
by
full?sun
fields
affects
the
area's
birds
and
animals.
3．________
a
result，many
species
are
quickly
dying
out.
4．On
a
more
global
level，the
________
(destroy)
of
the
rainforest
for
full?sun
coffee
fields
also
threatens(威胁)human
life.
5．Moreover，the
new
growing
techniques
are
contributing
________
acidic(酸性的)soil
conditions.But
consumers
do
have
a
choice.
答案 1.unfortunately 2.On 3.As 4.destruction 5.to
Task
4：单句改错
1．In
addition
to，new
coffee?growing
techniques
are
poisoning
the
water
locally，and
eventually
the
world's
groundwater.
2．It
is
obvious
that
the
way
which
much
coffee
is
grown
affects
many
aspects
of
life，from
the
local
environment
to
the
global
ecology.
3．The
future
health
of
the
planet
and
mankind
are
surely
worth
more
than
an
inexpensive
cup
of
coffee.
答案 1.去掉to 2.去掉which或which前加in或which→that 3.are→is
Task
5：攻克长难句(分析句子结构，尝试翻译成汉语)
The
loss
of
shade
trees
is
already
causing
a
slight
change
in
the
world's
climate，and
studies
show
that
the
loss
of
oxygen?giving
trees
also
leads
to
air
pollution
and
global
warming.
分析：本句是一个由and连接的并列句。第一个分句的主语是The
loss
of
shade
trees，谓语是is
causing，宾语是change；第二个分句的主语是studies，谓语是show，宾语是that引导的从句，其中宾语从句中的主语是the
loss
of
oxygen?giving
trees，谓语是leads
to。
译文：能提供树荫的树木的减少已经造成了世界气候的轻微变化，研究表明能供给氧气的树木的减少也导致了空气污染和全球变暖。
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
（共
2
页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(
写作专题之三
名词性从句，让作文出彩
)
(
第
二十三
讲
)
(
知识点睛
)
复合句(1)——名词性从句
复合句包括名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)，定语从句和状语从句。
[名词性从句分类]
①I
think
that
it's
our
duty
to
help
parents
do
some
housework.
我认为帮助父母做家务是我们的职责。(宾语从句)
②I
took
pride
in
what
I
had
done
in
the
absence
of
my
father.
我为自己在爸爸不在家时的表现感到自豪。(宾语从句)
③There
is
no
doubt
that
children
there
are
badly
in
need
of
care
and
help.
毫无疑问，那里的孩子急需关爱和帮助。(同位语从句)
④What
interests
me
most
is
literary
books，especially
those
by
famous
writers.
我最感兴趣的是文学书，尤其是由著名作家写的。(主语从句)
⑤My
English
is
just
OK
and
the
two
main
problems
in
my
study
are
that
I
feel
it
difficult
to
learn
words
by
heart，and
that
I
often
feel
nervous
when
speaking
English.
我的英语还不错，学习中最主要的两个问题是我感觉记单词难，而且说英语时经常感到紧张。(表语从句)
[名词性从句写法指导]
名词性从句的写法和定语从句一样，名词性从句也是学生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，在写作时同样可采用“三步法”：
第一步：写出两个简单句。
第二步：让一个简单句作从句，要注意和另一个句子的关联性。
第三步：把两个句子合成复合句，要特别注意关联词的选择和从句的语序。
[名词性从句写法示例]
一天，她听到要举行运动会的消息。
第一步：写出两个简单句。
①One
day，he
heard
the
news.
②The
sports
meeting
would
be
held.
第二步：让句①作主句，即主句为：One
day，he
heard
the
news.
第三步：把句②作同位语从句，解释news的内容，从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。
One
day，she
heard
the
news
that
the
sports
meeting
would
be
held.
(
经典精讲
)
名词性从句通常由从属连词(that，whether，if)、连接代词(who，what，which)、连接副词(when，where，why，how)引导。名词性从句都不能用逗号与主句分开。
一、主语从句
(1)What
we
need
most
are
popular
science
books.
我们最需要的是科普书籍。
(2)I
hope
what
I
will
do
will
make
a
great
difference
to
them.
我希望我要做的将对他们很有意义。
二、宾语从句
(1)I
think
it'll
be
a
new
challenge
to
me.
我认为这对我来说将是一个新的挑战。
(2)I'm
sorry
to
say
that
I
can't
go
to
the
bookstore
with
you
on
Friday
afternoon.
我非常抱歉地说星期五下午不能和你一块去书店了。
(3)
I
wonder
if
you'd
like
to
go
with
me.
我想知道你是否想和我一起去。
(4)We
are
aware
that
we
should
build
up
our
bodies
and
live
a
healthy
life.
我们意识到我们应该锻炼身体，过健康的生活。
(5)I
am
sure
that
with
your
great
efforts,
you
will
enjoy
a
colorful
and
fruitful
life
here.
我确信在你的努力下，你在这里的生活会丰富多彩。
(6)I'm
sorry
to
know
that
you're
having
such
a
bad
time
at
the
moment.
我很遗憾得知你现在过得不好。
(7)This
quotation
from
Winston
Churchill
tells
us
that
we
shouldn't
get
discouraged
right
after
failures.
温斯顿·丘吉尔的这句名言告诉我们：我们不应该在失败后沮丧。
(8Can
I
suggest
that
we
put
it
off
until
early
August?
我能建议把它推迟到八月初吗？
(9)I'd
also
like
to
know
how
much
I
have
to
pay
for
the
course
and
whether
accommodation
is
included.
我还想知道我要付多少学费，是否包含住宿。
(10)I
often
imagine
what
my
life
will
be
like
in
the
future.I
think
my
life
will
be
very
different
in
ten
years.
我经常想象未来我的生活会是什么样的。我想我的生活在十年后会非常不同。
三、同位语从句
(1)There
is
no
doubt
that
you
can
get
along
well
with
them.
毫无疑问，你可以和他们友好相处。
(2)It
shows
a
common
phenomenon
nowadays
that
children
are
the
focus
of
families,
shouldering
the
hope
of
their
parents.
它反应出当今的一个普遍现象：孩子们是家庭的焦点，肩负着父母的希望。
四、表语从句
In
addition
to
reading
for
knowledge,
we
read
for
fun
and
inspiration.
That
is
why
I
recommend
another
category
of
books：literary
books.
除了为知识，我们还为兴趣和灵感读书。那就是我为什么推荐另一种书——文学书。
特别注意：it作形式主语或形式宾语的高级句型
1．it作形式主语的常用句型
①It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/
wrong/important/certain等)＋that...
②It＋be＋名词(短语)(a
pity/a
shame/no
wonder/one's
desire等)＋that...
③It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)＋that...
④It＋特殊动词(seems，appears，happens，matters)＋that...
⑤It
doesn't
matter
who/whether/if...
例：
It's
our
desire
that
you
should
provide
some
money
to
fund
our
program，as
well
as
offer
us
some
practical
suggestions.
我们渴望你能为我们的项目提供一些资金，还能提供一些实用的建议。
It's
reported
that
about
30
volunteers
who
are
at
least
18
years
old
will
be
chosen
from
all
over
the
world
to
the
Mars
by
the
year
of
2015.
据报道，大约30名至少18岁的志愿者将从世界各地被选出来于2015年前奔赴火星。
2．it作形式宾语的常用句型
①动词
find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
②有些动词(短语)带宾语从句时，需要在宾语从句前加it，这类动词(短语)主要有：hate，like，owe，enjoy，appreciate，see
to，rely
on等。
例：
I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
could
sell
the
knots
for
10
dollars
each.
如果你们能以每个10美元的价格卖这些中国结，我将不胜感激。
I
think
it
necessary
that
we
take
plenty
of
boiled
water
every
day.
我认为我们每天喝大量的开水是必要的。
(
实战演练
)
Ⅰ.把下列每组题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句。
1．When
did
you
enter
the
room？The
police
wants
to
know
it.
_________________________________________________
2．This
is
my
decision.All
of
us
are
to
start
at
6
o'clock
tomorrow
morning.
_________________________________________________
3．Our
women
volleyball
team
had
won
the
championship.The
news
encouraged
us
all
greatly.
_________________________________________________
4．We
should
practise
oral
English
for
an
hour
every
day.That
was
our
rule.
_________________________________________________
5．Shall
we
go
picnicking
tomorrow？It
depends
on
the
weather.
_________________________________________________
Ⅱ.用适当的关联词填空
1．I
am
wondering
__________
you
can
help
me
sell
some.
2．By
the
way，do
you
know
__________
they
stand
for?
3．I
sincerely
hope
that
you
will
give
me
a
chance
and
please
believe
__________
I
will
be
a
good
vice
president.
4．Personally
speaking，I
don't
think
__________
these
parents
do
is
helpful
to
their
children.
5．I
know
that
it
is
__________
I
don't
spend
much
time
memorizing
them
after
class.
III.
用it作形式主语或形式宾语翻译句子。
1．他来不来参加这个会议无关紧要。
_________________________________________________
2．你错过了一场这么好的报告真是可惜。
_________________________________________________
3．如果你能教我如何用电脑，我将不胜感激。
_________________________________________________
IV.
针对训练
用名词性从句翻译下列句子
1．在这里你可以做你想做的任何事情。
2．我对你说过的话感兴趣。
3．无论谁犯了法都要受到惩罚。
4．问题是谁去那儿。
5．那是因为你吃得太多了。
6．他什么也没说这个事实让每一个人都感到惊讶。
(
巩固练习
)
写作
请按以下内容要点写一封电子邮件，尽可能多地使用名词从句。
假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack发来邮件，想了解中国茶文化常识。现在，请你给他回信，内容包括：
1．中国茶文化简介；
2．饮茶的好处；
3．邀请他来中国体验茶文化。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
句式仿写
1．根据句①仿写句子
无论他们在哪里，对他们来说回家和家人团聚是一种习俗。
Wherever
they
are,
it
is
a
custom
for
them
to
return
home
to
get
together
with
their
families.
2．根据句②仿写句子
参加这个活动有很多益处，其中之一是它能帮助你更好地了解中国传统文化。
Taking
part
in
the
activity
has
a
number
of
benefits,
one
of
which
is
that
it
can
help
you
have
a
better
understanding
of
traditional
Chinese
culture.
Task
1：阅读下列短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The
production
of
coffee
beans
is
a
huge，profitable
business，but，unfortunately，full?sun
production
is
taking
over
the
industry
and
bringing
about
a
lot
of
damage.The
change
in
how
coffee
is
grown
from
shade?grown
production
to
full?sun
production
endangers
the
very
existence
of
certain
animals
and
birds，and
even
disturbs
the
world's
ecological
balance.
On
a
local
level，the
damage
of
the
forest
required
by
full?sun
fields
affects
the
area's
birds
and
animals.The
shade
of
the
forest
trees
provides
a
home
for
birds
and
other
species(物种)
that
depend
on
the
trees'
flowers
and
fruits.Full?sun
coffee
growers
destroy
this
forest
home.As
a
result，many
species
are
quickly
dying
out.
On
a
more
global
level，the
destruction
of
the
rainforest
for
full?sun
coffee
fields
also
threatens(威胁)
human
life.Medical
research
often
makes
use
of
the
forests'
plant
and
animal
life，and
the
destruction
of
such
species
could
prevent
researchers
from
finding
cures
for
certain
diseases.In
addition，new
coffee?growing
techniques
are
poisoning
the
water
locally，and
eventually
the
world's
groundwater.
Both
locally
and
globally，the
continued
spread
of
full?sun
coffee
plantations(种植园)
could
mean
the
destruction
of
the
rainforest
ecology.The
loss
of
shade
trees
is
already
causing
a
slight
change
in
the
world's
climate，and
studies
show
that
the
loss
of
oxygen?giving
trees
also
leads
to
air
pollution
and
global
warming.Moreover，the
new
growing
techniques
are
contributing
to
acidic(酸性的)
soil
conditions.
It
is
obvious
that
the
way
much
coffee
is
grown
affects
many
aspects
of
life，from
the
local
environment
to
the
global
ecology.But
consumers
do
have
a
choice.They
can
purchase
shade?grown
coffee
whenever
possible，although
at
a
higher
cost.The
future
health
of
the
planet
and
mankind
is
surely
worth
more
than
an
inexpensive
cup
of
coffee.
【语篇解读】 咖啡豆从遮荫种植变成全日照种植，威胁到一些动物的存在，破坏了全世界的生态平衡。
1．What
can
we
learn
about
full?sun
coffee
production
from
Paragraph
4?
A．It
limits
the
spread
of
new
growing
techniques.
B．It
leads
to
air
pollution
and
global
warming.
C．It
slows
down
the
loss
of
shade
trees.
D．It
improves
local
soil
conditions.
2．The
purpose
of
the
text
is
to________.
A．entertain
B．advertise
C．instruct
D．persuade
3．Where
does
this
text
probably
come
from?
A．An
agricultural
magazine.
B．A
medical
journal.
C．An
engineering
textbook.
D．A
tourist
guide.
4．Which
of
the
following
shows
the
structure
of
the
whole
text?
Task
2：词汇积累
1．existence
n．存在
2．consumer
n．消费者
3．purchase
vt.购买
4．disturb
v．打断 disturb
a
plan打乱计划
5．take
over接管
I
was
assigned
to
take
over
your
position.
我被指派接任你的位置。
6．bring
about
引起
7．contribute
to
是……原因；有助于；为……作贡献
8．destruction
n．破坏
9．ecological
balance生态平衡
Task
3：单句语法填空
1．The
production
of
coffee
beans
is
a
huge，profitable
business，but，________
(fortunate)，full?sun
production
is
taking
over
the
industry
and
bringing
about
a
lot
of
damage.
2．________
a
local
level，the
damage
of
the
forest
required
by
full?sun
fields
affects
the
area's
birds
and
animals.
3．________
a
result，many
species
are
quickly
dying
out.
4．On
a
more
global
level，the
________
(destroy)
of
the
rainforest
for
full?sun
coffee
fields
also
threatens(威胁)human
life.
5．Moreover，the
new
growing
techniques
are
contributing
________
acidic(酸性的)soil
conditions.But
consumers
do
have
a
choice.
Task
4：单句改错
1．In
addition
to，new
coffee?growing
techniques
are
poisoning
the
water
locally，and
eventually
the
world's
groundwater.
2．It
is
obvious
that
the
way
which
much
coffee
is
grown
affects
many
aspects
of
life，from
the
local
environment
to
the
global
ecology.
3．The
future
health
of
the
planet
and
mankind
are
surely
worth
more
than
an
inexpensive
cup
of
coffee.
Task
5：攻克长难句(分析句子结构，尝试翻译成汉语)
The
loss
of
shade
trees
is
already
causing
a
slight
change
in
the
world's
climate，and
studies
show
that
the
loss
of
oxygen?giving
trees
also
leads
to
air
pollution
and
global
warming.
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
（共
2
页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共31张PPT)
板
块
三
路漫漫其修远兮
吾将上下而求索
写作素能培养
掌握四种名词性从句，
让作文更出彩
名词性从句
[经典例句]
①I
think
that
it's
our
duty
to
help
parents
do
some
housework.
我认为帮助父母做家务是我们的职责。(宾语从句)
②I
took
pride
in
what
I
had
done
in
the
absence
of
my
father.
我为自己在爸爸不在家时的表现感到自豪。(宾语从句)
③There
is
no
doubt
that
children
there
are
badly
in
need
of
care
and
help.
毫无疑问，那里的孩子急需关爱和帮助。(同位语从句)
④What
interests
me
most
is
literary
books，especially
those
by
famous
writers.
我最感兴趣的是文学书，尤其是由著名作家写的。(主语从句)
⑤My
English
is
just
OK
and
the
two
main
problems
in
my
study
are
that
I
feel
it
difficult
to
learn
words
by
heart，and
that
I
often
feel
nervous
when
speaking
English.
我的英语还不错，学习中最主要的两个问题是我感觉记单词难，而且说英语时经常感到紧张。(表语从句)
[写法指导]
名词性从句的写法和定语从句一样，名词性从句也是学生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，在写作时同样可采用“三步法”：
第一步：写出两个简单句。
第二步：让一个简单句作从句，要注意和另一个句子的关联性。
第三步：把两个句子合成复合句，要特别注意关联词的选择和从句的语序。
示例 一天，她听到要举行运动会的消息。
第一步：写出两个简单句。
①One
day，he
heard
the
news.
②The
sports
meeting
would
be
held.
第二步：让句①作主句，即主句为：One
day，he
heard
the
news.
第三步：把句②作同位语从句，解释news的内容，从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。
One
day，she
heard
the
news
that
the
sports
meeting
would
be
held.
特别注意：it作形式主语或形式宾语的高级句型
1．it作形式主语的常用句型
①It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary/likely/wrong/certain等)＋that...
②It＋be＋名词(短语)(a
pity/no
wonder/one's
desire等)＋that...
③It＋be＋过去分词(said/reported/decided等)＋that...
④It＋特殊动词(seems，appears，happens，matters)＋that...
⑤It
doesn't
matter
who/if...
It's
our
desire
that
you
should
provide
some
money
to
fund
our
program，as
well
as
offer
us
some
practical
suggestions.
我们渴望你能为我们的项目提供一些资金，还能提供一些实用的建议。
It's
reported
that
about
30
volunteers
who
are
at
least
18
years
old
will
be
chosen
from
all
over
the
world
to
the
Mars
by
the
year
of
2015.
据报道，大约30名至少18岁的志愿者将从世界各地被选出来于2015年前奔赴火星。
2．it作形式宾语的常用句型
①动词
find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
②有些动词(短语)带宾语从句时，需要在宾语从句前加it，这类动词(短语)主要有：hate，like，owe，enjoy，appreciate，see
to，rely
on等。
I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
could
sell
the
knots
for
10
dollars
each.
如果你们能以每个10美元的价格卖这些中国结，我将不胜感激。
I
think
it
necessary
that
we
take
plenty
of
boiled
water
every
day.
我认为我们每天喝大量的开水是必要的。
Ⅰ.把下列每组题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句。
1．When
did
you
enter
the
room？The
police
wants
to
know
it.
___________________________________
2．This
is
my
decision.All
of
us
are
to
start
at
6
o'clock
tomorrow
morning.
___________________________________
3．Our
women
volleyball
team
had
won
the
championship.The
news
encouraged
us
all
greatly.
_______________________________________________
4．We
should
practise
oral
English
for
an
hour
every
day.That
was
our
rule.
_______________________________________________
5．Shall
we
go
picnicking
tomorrow？It
depends
on
the
weather.
_______________________________________________
答案：1.The
police
wants
to
know
when
you
entered
the
room.
2．My
decision
is
that
all
of
us
are
to
start
at
6
o'clock
tomorrow
morning.
3．The
news
that
our
women
volleyball
team
had
won
the
championship
encouraged
us
all
greatly.
4．We
made
it
a
rule
that
we
should
practise
oral
English
for
an
hour
every
day.
5．Whether
we
shall
go
picnicking
tomorrow
depends
on
the
weather.
Ⅱ.用适当的关联词填空
1．I
am
wondering
__________
you
can
help
me
sell
some.
2．By
the
way，do
you
know
__________
they
stand
for?
3．I
sincerely
hope
that
you
will
give
me
a
chance
and
please
believe
__________
I
will
be
a
good
vice
president.
4．Personally
speaking，I
don't
think
__________
these
parents
do
is
helpful
to
their
children.
5．I
know
that
it
is
__________
I
don't
spend
much
time
memorizing
them
after
class.
答案：1.whether/if 2.what 3.that 4.what 5.because
用it作形式主语或形式宾语翻译句子。
1．他来不来参加这个会议无关紧要。
___________________________________
2．你错过了一场这么好的报告真是可惜。
___________________________________
3．如果你能教我如何用电脑，我将不胜感激。
___________________________________
答案：
1.It
doesn't
matter
whether
he
comes
to
the
meeting
or
not.
2．It
is
a
pity
that
you
missed
such
a
good
lecture.
3．I'd
appreciate
it
if
you
could
teach
me
how
to
use
the
computer.
