中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(
第
二十五
讲
)
(
写作专题之五
吸引眼球的定语从句
)
(
知识点睛
)
复合句(3)——定语从句
复合句包括名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)，定语从句和状语从句。
定语从句的正确使用能够比较明显地反映出考生对于语言具有较高的掌握能力，所以建议考生一定要在写作中至少使用一个恰到好处的定语从句。
一、定语从句的类型
1．关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词who,
whom,
whose,
that,
which,
as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是屡见不鲜。
①Secondly,
you
will
make
some
good
friends
who
are
also
interested
in
playing
table
tennis.
第二，你会交到一些好朋友，他们也很喜欢打乒乓球。
②What
I
want
to
stress
is
that
I
have
already
been
a
volunteer
for
the
13th
National
Games
which
will
be
held
at
the
end
of
August
in
Tianjin.
我想强调的是我已成为八月底将在天津举办的第十三届全运会的志愿者。
③As
the
old
saying
goes,
“Practice
makes
perfect.”
常言道：“熟能生巧。”
2．关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词引导的定语从句是指when,
where,
why引导的定语从句。
①We
are
to
meet
on
Sunday
morning
in
the
People’s
Park,
where
the
air
is
fresh
and
the
scenery
is
beautiful.
我们将于星期天上午在人民公园见面，那里空气新鲜，风景美丽。
②I
think
the
reason
why
you
are
always
angry
may
be
the
high
pressure
of
study.
我认为你总是发脾气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。
3．“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句
Material
collecting
took
us
a
whole
week,
during
which
we
interviewed
our
teachers
and
took
pictures
of
every
aspect
of
school
life.
搜集材料花了我们整整一周的时间，在此期间我们采访了老师并拍摄了学校生活的各个方面。
二、定语从句的写法
定语从句是比较难掌握而又是考生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，在写作时可采用“三步法”：
[示例]
第一步：写出两个简单句。
①The
foreigner
is
from
Canada.
②He
visited
our
class
yesterday.
第二步：在句①中找出一处要修饰的词汇：the
foreigner。
第三步：用句②充当定语从句，the
foreigner为先行词指人，句②中的代词he指代the
foreigner且在句子中作主语，故用who或that作关系词。
The
foreigner
who/that
visited
our
class
yesterday
is
from
Canada.
三、定语从句的常用句型
1．As
we
all
know
.../As
is
known
to
all
...
“众所周知……”
As
we
all
know/As
is
known
to
all,
the
moon
travels
round
the
earth
once
every
month.
众所周知，月球每月绕地球转一圈。
2．As
sb.
puts
it
...
“按照某人所说的……”
As
he
often
puts
it,
university
education
determines
one’s
future.
按照他常说的，大学教育决定一个人的命运。
3．such
...
as
...
“像……这样的；诸如此类的……”
We
have
found
such
materials
as
are
used
in
their
factory.
我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。
4．the
same
...
as
.../the
same
as
...
“像……一样的”
Her
manner
and
attitudes
towards
him
were
quite
the
same
as
she
had
always
been.
她对他的方式和态度与以前完全一样。
5．one
of
the＋复数名词＋定语从句“……中的一个”
As
far
as
I
know,
your
sister
is
one
of
the
students
who
have
passed
the
exam.
据我所知，你妹妹是通过考试的学生之一。
6．the
only
one
of
the＋复数名词＋定语从句“……中唯一的一个”
Mr.
Green
was
the
only
one
of
the
workers
that
was
invited
to
Beijing.
格林先生是这些工人中唯一一个被邀请去北京的人。
四、定语从句写作时需避免的几种情况
1．误用关系词
①误：I
live
in
Beijing,
where
is
the
capital
of
China.
正：I
live
in
Beijing,
which
is
the
capital
of
China.
②误：I
have
a
friend,
who’s
name
is
Liu
Mei.
正：I
have
a
friend,
whose
name
is
Liu
Mei.
2．句子成分残缺
①误：There
were
many
students
took
part
in
the
English
competition.
正：There
were
many
students
who
took
part
in
the
English
competition.
②误：The
last
one
leaves
the
classroom
please
close
the
windows.
正：The
last
one
who
leaves
the
classroom
please
close
the
windows.
3．有多余的代词或副词
①误：As
can
be
seen
from
the
picture,
that
a
sad
boy
stands
between
his
angry
parents.
正：As
can
be
seen
from
the
picture,
a
sad
boy
stands
between
his
angry
parents.
②误：Last
week,
I
returned
to
the
village
where
I
grew
up
there
in
my
childhood.
正：Last
week,
I
returned
to
the
village
where
I
grew
up
in
my
childhood.
4．混淆定语从句与并列句
①误：In
fact,
smoking
is
a
bad
habit,
it
does
great
harm
to
people’s
health.
正：In
fact,
smoking
is
a
bad
habit,
which/and
it
does
great
harm
to
people’s
health.
②误：His
parents
told
him
many
times
not
to
play
beside
the
river,
it
didn’t
help.
正：His
parents
told
him
many
times
not
to
play
beside
the
river,
which/but
it
didn’t
help.
(
经典精讲
)
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。通常由关系代词(who，whom，that，which，as，whose)或关系副词(where，when，why)引导。
一、限制性定语从句
(1)People
may
feel
forced
when
asked
to
do
things
that
they
don't
want
to.
当被要求做他们不喜欢做的事情时，人们可能感到被迫。
(2)In
addition,
I
am
an
outgoing
girl
who
has
rich
experience
in
organizing
school
activities.
此外，我是一个在组织学校活动方面有丰富经验的外向的女孩。
(3)(Talk
to
someone
you
trust
about
how
you
feel.
和你信任的人谈谈你的感受。
(4)I
can
well
remember
an
incident
that
happened
on
a
rainy
Sunday
afternoon.
我可以清楚地记得发生在一个下雨的星期天下午的事故。
(5)I
will
learn
from
him
and
be
a
person
who
is
always
ready
to
help
others.
我将向他学习，成为一个乐于帮助别人的人。
二、非限制性定语从句
(1)Two
weeks
have
passed
since
you
came
to
our
school
for
the
exchange
program，which
we
all
have
benefited
from.
你们因这项交流活动来到我校已经两周了，我们从这项活动中都受益非浅。
(2)Your
art
skills
are
excellent
and
admirable，which
leaves
me
a
deep
impression.
你的艺术才能那么优秀，令人羡慕，这给我留下了深刻的印象。
(3)If
they
often
cheat
in
the
exams，they
will
form
a
bad
habit，which
will
have
a
bad
effect
on
their
life.
如果他们经常考试作弊，他们会养成坏习惯，这会对他们的人生产生坏影响。
(4)We'll
also
spend
some
fun
time
together
singing,
dancing
and
playing
games,
which
we
hope
will
make
them
happy.
我们将一起唱歌、跳舞、玩游戏，度过一段有趣的时光，我们希望这样会让他们开心。
(5)But
the
best
gift
I
have
received
is
a
watch，which
my
dad
gave
me
on
my
last
birthday.
但是我所收到过的最好的礼物是一块手表，它是去年爸爸在我过生日时送给我的。
(6)Our
class
is
made
up
of
52
students，all
of
whom
are
friendly
and
hardworking.
我们班由52位同学组成，所有人都待人友好，学习刻苦。
(7)I
will
go
on
a
trip
to
Sichuan，where
there
are
a
great
number
of
places
of
interest.
我要去四川旅行，那里有很多名胜古迹。
(
实战演练
)
针对训练
用定语从句翻译下列句子
1．他就是想见你的那个人吗？
2．我们车间使用的这些机器是中国制造的。
3．他以前就读的学校很有名。
4．他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。
5．众所周知：有志者，事竟成。
答案：1.Is
he
the
man
who/that
wants
to
see
you?
2．These
machines，which
are
used
in
our
workshop，were
made
in
China.
3．The
school
in
which/where
he
once
studied
is
very
famous.
4．He
had
failed
in
the
math
exam，which
made
his
father
very
angry.
5．As
we
all
know，where
there
is
a
will，there
is
a
way.
[即时演练]
用定语从句将下列每组简单句合并为一个复合句
1．This
is
the
best
method.
It
can
be
used
against
pollution.
→This_is_the_best_method_that_can_be_used_against_pollution.
2．I’ve
always
longed
for
the
days.
I
will
be
able
to
be
independent
then.
→I’ve_always_longed_for_the_days_when_I_will_be_able_to_be_independent.
3．I
will
go
on
a
trip
to
Sichuan.
There
are
a
great
number
of
places
of
interest
in
Sichuan.
→I
will
go
on
a
trip
to
Sichuan,
where
there
are
a
great
number
of
places
of
interest.
4．I
have
a
friend.
Her
father
is
an
engineer.
→I_have_a_friend_whose_father_is_an_engineer.
5．Through
the
course
of
my
schooling,
I
met
many
teachers.
Two
of
them
influenced
me
greatly.
→Through_the_course_of_my_schooling,_I_met_many_teachers,_two_of_whom_influenced_me_greatly.
[即时演练] 用适当的关系词填空
1．Our
science
teacher
will
serve
as
our
guide,
who
is
expected
to
tell
us
something
interesting
about
the
Tiantai
Shan.
2．We
will
put
off
the
picnic
in
the
park
until
next
week,
when
the
weather
may
be
better.
3．Only
those
who
spare
no
effort
to
confront
problems
can
achieve
what
they
long
for.
4．During
holiday
seasons,
I
will
live
in
the
countryside,
where
air
is
fresh
and
people
are
friendly.
5．English
is
a
language
shared
by
several
diverse
cultures,
each
of
which
uses
it
differently.
[即时演练] 补全句子
1．我们大家都知道，这幅画讲述的是古代中国的一个故事。
As_we_all_know,_the
picture
tells
a
story
of
ancient
China.
2．那些对世界做出重大贡献的人应受到极大的尊重。
Such
people
as_have_made_great_contributions_to_the_world
should
be
greatly
respected.21cnjy.com
3．长城是吸引大批游客的世界著名建筑之一。
The
Great
Wall
is
one_of_the_world?famous_buildings_that_attract
lots
of
visitors.
[即时演练] 单句改错
1．There
are
three
people
in
my
family
and
I’m
the
only
one
child,
who
is
very
common
in
Chinese
families.who→which
2．Travelling
abroad,
you
should
follow
the
customs
of
the
country
where
you
are
visiting.
去掉where或where→which/that
3．Remember,
you
can
take
the
contest
in
China
Daily
newspaper,
that
is
very
popular
among
high
school
students.that→which
4．I
will
never
forget
the
day
on
that
we
went
to
buy
guitars
in
the
guitar
store.that→which
5．When
you
read
the
book,
you’d
better
make
a
mark
that
you
have
a
question.that→where
6．On
the
third
floor
there
are
two
rooms,
one
of
them
is
used
as
a
meeting
room.
them→which
7．The
couple
will
fly
to
France
for
their
honeymoon
on
their
first
stop,
which
they
plan
to
stay
for
three
days.which→where或在which前加in
8．I
gave
that
boy
so
difficult
a
math
problem
which
he
couldn’t
work
out.which→as
(
巩固练习
)
Ⅰ.用定语从句补全句子
1．我们将学习唐朝时写的一些中国诗歌。
We
are
going
to
learn
some
Chinese
poems
that/which_were_written
in
the
Tang
Dynasty.
2．等考试结束后，我们都有时间的时候，六月的最后一个周日怎么样？
How
about
the
last
Sunday
of
June,
when_the_examination_is_over_and_we_are_free?
3．我无法遵守承诺是因为我叔叔马上要出国深造了。
The
reason
why_I_can’t_keep_my_word
is
that
my
uncle
will
go
abroad
for
further
study
soon.
4．一年中有四季，每个季节都有显著的特点。
There
are
four
seasons
in
a
year,
each_of_which_has_distinctive_features.
5．作为一名外向的学生，我善于同其他人交往，这使我对这个职位感到自信。
As
an
outgoing
student,
I
am
good
at
communicating
with
others,
which_makes_me_feel_
confident_about_this_position.
6．我们都知道，当我们需要帮助时，我们的朋友会伸出援手，他们会帮我们渡过难关。
As_we_all_know,_our
friends
will
lend
us
a
helping
hand
when
we
need
help
and
they
will
help
us
get
through
difficult
situations.
Ⅱ.请根据以下要点写一封申请信，尽可能多地使用定语从句
假定你是李华，你校广播站正在招收英文编辑，请你根据以下提示，向负责此事的外教Mr.Mark申请这一职位。内容包括：
职位要求
1.有很强的英语表达能力
2．关心时事
个人优势
1.有做记者的经历，沟通能力强
2．父亲是一位职业编辑，深受其影响
3．……
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Dear
Mr.
Mark,
I’m
writing
to
apply
to
be
an
English
editor
of
the
broadcasting
station
of
our
school,
which
I
am
wild
about
all
the
time.
I’m
qualified
for
the
position
that/which
is
based
on
the
following
reasons.First,
I
meet
your
requirements
for
the
position
well.That
is,
I
have
a
good
command
of
English
communication
skills.Besides,
I
am
concerned
a
lot
about
current
affairs
and
take
great
interest
in
journalism.Second,
I
was
a
part?time
reporter
when
I
was
in
junior
middle
school,
which
developed
my
communication
and
interpersonal
skills.In
addition,
my
father
is
a
professional
editor,
by
whom
I
was
deeply
influenced
from
an
early
age
and
from
whom
I
learned
a
lot.Therefore,
I
am
eager
to
get
the
position
and
I
really
hope
I
will
be
given
the
honor
to
be
one
of
you.www.21-cn-jy.com
Looking
forward
to
hearing
from
you.
Yours
sincerely，
Li
Hua
Task
1：阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Joe
Simpson
and
Simon
Yates
were
the
first
people
to
climb
the
West
Face
of
the
Siula
Grande
in
the
Andes
mountains.They
reached
the
top__1__，but
on
their
way
back
conditions
were
very__2__.Joe
fell
and
broke
his
leg.They
both
knew
that
if
Simon__3__alone，he
would
probably
get
back__4__.But
Simon
decided
to
risk
his__5__and
try
to
lower
Joe
down
the
mountain
on
a
rope(绳)．
As
they__6__down，the
weather
got
worse.Then
another__7__occurred.They
couldn't
see
or
hear
each
other
and，__8__，Simon
lowered
his
friend
over
the
edge
of
a
precipice(峭壁)．It
was__9__for
Joe
to
climb
back
or
for
Simon
to
pull
him
up.Joe's__10__was
pulling
Simon
slowly
towards
the
precipice.__11__，after
more
than
an
hour
in
the
dark
and
the
icy
cold，Simon
had
to__12__.In
tears，he
cut
the
rope.Joe__13__into
a
huge
crevasse(裂缝)in
the
ice
below.He
had
no
food
or
water
and
he
was
in
terrible
pain.He
couldn't
walk，but
he__14__to
get
out
of
the
crevasse
and
started
to__15__towards
their
camp，nearly
ten
kilometers__16__.
Simon
had__17__the
camp
at
the
foot
of
the
mountain.He
thought
that
Joe
must
be__18__，but
he
didn't
want
to
leave__19__.Three
days
later，in
the
middle
of
the
night，he
heard
Joe's
voice.He
couldn't__20__it.Joe
was
there，a
few
meters
from
their
tent，still
alive.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲了Joe
Simpson和Simon
Yates爬山，在下山时，Joe受伤了，Simon没有放弃朋友，决定用绳子慢慢把Joe放下去。但是，由于疏忽，Simon把Joe降在一个峭壁的边缘上。Joe不能爬回去，Simon也不能把他拉上去。Simon只能割断绳子，Simon回到了营地，三天后，Joe竟然也活着回到了营地。
1．A．hurriedly
B.carefully
C．successfully
D．early
答案 C [逻辑推理题。根据后半句中的on
their
way
back可知，此处指他们最终成功地(successfully)爬到了山顶。]
2．A．difficult
B．similar
C.special
D.normal
答案 A [逻辑推理题。根据下一句Joe
fell
and
broke
his
leg可知，此处指下山时，情况变得非常糟糕，非常艰难(difficult)。]
3．A．climbed
B．worked
C．rested
D．continued
答案 D [逻辑推理题。Joe受伤了，如果Simon独自继续(continue)下山，他会安全回去的。]
4．A．unwillingly
B．safely
C．slowly
D．regretfully
答案 B [背景常识题。如果Simon不带着受伤的Joe，他很可能会安全地(safely)回去。]
5．A．fortune
B．time
C．health
D．life
答案 D [逻辑推理题。此处指冒失去生命的危险，Simon决定用绳子慢慢把Joe放下去。这的确有绳断人亡的危险。]
6．A．lay
B．settled
C．went
D．looked
答案 C [词语辨析题。lie
down躺下；settle
down定居下来；go
down下降；look
down向下看。根据上下文可知，在他们利用绳子下山的过程中，天气变得更糟了，所以选C。]
7．A．damage
B．storm
C．change
D．trouble
答案 D [逻辑推理题。下山时，Joe受伤了，这是个麻烦，天气变恶劣了，又是一个麻烦(trouble)。]
8．A．by
mistake
B．by
chance
C．by
choice
D．by
luck
答案 A [词语辨析题。他们彼此不能看见或听见，所以，由于疏忽，Simon把Joe降在一个峭壁的边缘上。by
mistake错误地；by
chance偶然；by
choice出于选择；by
luck侥幸地。]
9．A．unnecessary
B．practical
C．important
D．impossible
答案 D [逻辑推理题。Simon把Joe降在一个峭壁的边缘上，所以Joe爬回去或Simon把Joe拉上去都是不可能的，因为Joe受伤了。]
10．A．height
B．weight
C．strength
D．equipment
答案 B [背景常识题。因为Joe在下面，所以他的体重也拉着Simon慢慢地向那个峭壁移动。]
11．A．Finally
B．Patiently
C．Surely
D．Quickly
答案 A [逻辑推理题。为了两个人不都从峭壁上掉下去，Simon最后不得不做决定。]
12．A．stand
back
B．take
a
rest
C．make
a
decision
D．hold
on
答案 C [词语辨析题。stand
back退后；take
a
rest休息；make
a
decision做决定；hold
on抓住，坚持。根据下文可知他割断了绳子，所以此处指他要做决定。]
13．A．jumped
B．fell
C．escaped
D．backed
答案 B [逻辑推理题。此处指Joe掉进了一个大裂缝里。jump
into跳进；fall
into落入；escape
into逃入；back
into走回，倒车撞上。]
14．A．managed
B．planned
C．waited
D.hoped
答案 A [逻辑推理题。Joe虽然不能走，但设法从那个裂缝里爬出来了。manage
to
do设法做成。]
15．A．run
B．skate
C．move
D．march
答案 C [逻辑推理题。他不能走，所以只能慢慢向营地移动。move移动，挪动。]
16．A．around
B．away
C．above
D．along
答案 B [逻辑推理题。此处指离营地有十千米远。away表示“(在空间或时间上)离(某人或某事物)多远”，常用“时间段/一段距离＋away”表示。]
17．A．headed
for
B．traveled
to
C．left
for
D．returned
to
答案 D [词语辨析题。head
for/leave
for/travel
to出发去；return
to回到。此处指Simon已经回到了营地。]
18．A．dead
B．hurt
C．weak
D．late
答案 A [逻辑推理题。根据这一段的最后一个单词alive可知，Simon认为Joe一定已经死了。]
19．A．secretly
B．tiredly
C．immediately
D．anxiously
答案 C [逻辑推理题。根据上文可知Simon是一个重情义的人，虽然他认为Joe一定已经死了，但他不想马上(immediately)离开。]
20．A．find
B．believe
C．make
D．accept
答案 B [逻辑推理题。Simon认为Joe一定已经死了，现在Joe活着回来，所以他难以置信。]
Task
2：词汇积累
1．lower
v．(使)降低，(使)跌落
2．occur
v．发生，举行
3．icy
adj.冰冷的，极冷的 an
icy
wind
刺骨的寒风
4．pull
up
把……拉起来
5．get
out
of
摆脱
Task
3：语法填空
Joe
Simpson
and
Simon
Yates
were
the
first
people
__1__
(climb)
the
West
Face
of
the
Siula
Grande
in
the
Andes
mountains.They
reached
the
top
__2__
(success)，but
on
their
way
back
conditions
were
very
difficult.Joe
fell
and
broke
__3__
(he)
leg.They
both
knew
that
__4__
Simon
continued
alone，he
would
probably
get
back
safely.But
Simon
__5__
(decide)
to
risk
his
life
and
try
to
lower
Joe
down
the
mountain
on
a
rope.
答案 1.to
climb 2.successfully 3.his 4.if 5.decided
Task
4：短文改错(下面文字有五处错误，请改正)
Simon
had
returned
back
to
the
camp
at
the
foot
of
the
mountain.He
thought
that
Joe
must
be
，but
he
didn't
want
to
leave
immediately.Three
days
，in
the
middle
of
the
night，he
heard
Joe's
voice.He
couldn't
it.Joe
was
there，a
few
from
their
tent，still
alive.
Task
5：攻克长难句(分析句子结构，尝试翻译成汉语)
They
both
knew
that
if
Simon
continued
alone，he
would
probably
get
back
safely.
分析：这是一个主从复合句，that引导的是宾语从句，if
Simon
continued
alone为虚拟条件句。
译文：他们都知道，如果西蒙独自一个人继续下山的话，他将会平安归来。
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(
第
二十五
讲
)
(
写作专题之五
吸引眼球的定语从句
)
(
知识点睛
)
复合句(3)——定语从句
复合句包括名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)，定语从句和状语从句。
定语从句的正确使用能够比较明显地反映出考生对于语言具有较高的掌握能力，所以建议考生一定要在写作中至少使用一个恰到好处的定语从句。
一、定语从句的类型
1．关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词who,
whom,
whose,
that,
which,
as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是屡见不鲜。
①Secondly,
you
will
make
some
good
friends
who
are
also
interested
in
playing
table
tennis.
第二，你会交到一些好朋友，他们也很喜欢打乒乓球。
②What
I
want
to
stress
is
that
I
have
already
been
a
volunteer
for
the
13th
National
Games
which
will
be
held
at
the
end
of
August
in
Tianjin.
我想强调的是我已成为八月底将在天津举办的第十三届全运会的志愿者。
③As
the
old
saying
goes,
“Practice
makes
perfect.”
常言道：“熟能生巧。”
2．关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词引导的定语从句是指when,
where,
why引导的定语从句。
①We
are
to
meet
on
Sunday
morning
in
the
People’s
Park,
where
the
air
is
fresh
and
the
scenery
is
beautiful.
我们将于星期天上午在人民公园见面，那里空气新鲜，风景美丽。
②I
think
the
reason
why
you
are
always
angry
may
be
the
high
pressure
of
study.
我认为你总是发脾气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。
3．“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句
Material
collecting
took
us
a
whole
week,
during
which
we
interviewed
our
teachers
and
took
pictures
of
every
aspect
of
school
life.
搜集材料花了我们整整一周的时间，在此期间我们采访了老师并拍摄了学校生活的各个方面。
二、定语从句的写法
定语从句是比较难掌握而又是考生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，在写作时可采用“三步法”：
[示例]
第一步：写出两个简单句。
①The
foreigner
is
from
Canada.
②He
visited
our
class
yesterday.
第二步：在句①中找出一处要修饰的词汇：the
foreigner。
第三步：用句②充当定语从句，the
foreigner为先行词指人，句②中的代词he指代the
foreigner且在句子中作主语，故用who或that作关系词。
The
foreigner
who/that
visited
our
class
yesterday
is
from
Canada.
三、定语从句的常用句型
1．As
we
all
know
.../As
is
known
to
all
...
“众所周知……”
As
we
all
know/As
is
known
to
all,
the
moon
travels
round
the
earth
once
every
month.
众所周知，月球每月绕地球转一圈。
2．As
sb.
puts
it
...
“按照某人所说的……”
As
he
often
puts
it,
university
education
determines
one’s
future.
按照他常说的，大学教育决定一个人的命运。
3．such
...
as
...
“像……这样的；诸如此类的……”
We
have
found
such
materials
as
are
used
in
their
factory.
我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。
4．the
same
...
as
.../the
same
as
...
“像……一样的”
Her
manner
and
attitudes
towards
him
were
quite
the
same
as
she
had
always
been.
她对他的方式和态度与以前完全一样。
5．one
of
the＋复数名词＋定语从句“……中的一个”
As
far
as
I
know,
your
sister
is
one
of
the
students
who
have
passed
the
exam.
据我所知，你妹妹是通过考试的学生之一。
6．the
only
one
of
the＋复数名词＋定语从句“……中唯一的一个”
Mr.
Green
was
the
only
one
of
the
workers
that
was
invited
to
Beijing.
格林先生是这些工人中唯一一个被邀请去北京的人。
四、定语从句写作时需避免的几种情况
1．误用关系词
①误：I
live
in
Beijing,
where
is
the
capital
of
China.
正：I
live
in
Beijing,
which
is
the
capital
of
China.
②误：I
have
a
friend,
who’s
name
is
Liu
Mei.
正：I
have
a
friend,
whose
name
is
Liu
Mei.
2．句子成分残缺
①误：There
were
many
students
took
part
in
the
English
competition.
正：There
were
many
students
who
took
part
in
the
English
competition.
②误：The
last
one
leaves
the
classroom
please
close
the
windows.
正：The
last
one
who
leaves
the
classroom
please
close
the
windows.
3．有多余的代词或副词
①误：As
can
be
seen
from
the
picture,
that
a
sad
boy
stands
between
his
angry
parents.
正：As
can
be
seen
from
the
picture,
a
sad
boy
stands
between
his
angry
parents.
②误：Last
week,
I
returned
to
the
village
where
I
grew
up
there
in
my
childhood.
正：Last
week,
I
returned
to
the
village
where
I
grew
up
in
my
childhood.
4．混淆定语从句与并列句
①误：In
fact,
smoking
is
a
bad
habit,
it
does
great
harm
to
people’s
health.
正：In
fact,
smoking
is
a
bad
habit,
which/and
it
does
great
harm
to
people’s
health.
②误：His
parents
told
him
many
times
not
to
play
beside
the
river,
it
didn’t
help.
正：His
parents
told
him
many
times
not
to
play
beside
the
river,
which/but
it
didn’t
help.
(
经典精讲
)
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。通常由关系代词(who，whom，that，which，as，whose)或关系副词(where，when，why)引导。
一、限制性定语从句
(1)People
may
feel
forced
when
asked
to
do
things
that
they
don't
want
to.
当被要求做他们不喜欢做的事情时，人们可能感到被迫。
(2)In
addition,
I
am
an
outgoing
girl
who
has
rich
experience
in
organizing
school
activities.
此外，我是一个在组织学校活动方面有丰富经验的外向的女孩。
(3)(Talk
to
someone
you
trust
about
how
you
feel.
和你信任的人谈谈你的感受。
(4)I
can
well
remember
an
incident
that
happened
on
a
rainy
Sunday
afternoon.
我可以清楚地记得发生在一个下雨的星期天下午的事故。
(5)I
will
learn
from
him
and
be
a
person
who
is
always
ready
to
help
others.
我将向他学习，成为一个乐于帮助别人的人。
二、非限制性定语从句
(1)Two
weeks
have
passed
since
you
came
to
our
school
for
the
exchange
program，which
we
all
have
benefited
from.
你们因这项交流活动来到我校已经两周了，我们从这项活动中都受益非浅。
(2)Your
art
skills
are
excellent
and
admirable，which
leaves
me
a
deep
impression.
你的艺术才能那么优秀，令人羡慕，这给我留下了深刻的印象。
(3)If
they
often
cheat
in
the
exams，they
will
form
a
bad
habit，which
will
have
a
bad
effect
on
their
life.
如果他们经常考试作弊，他们会养成坏习惯，这会对他们的人生产生坏影响。
(4)We'll
also
spend
some
fun
time
together
singing,
dancing
and
playing
games,
which
we
hope
will
make
them
happy.
我们将一起唱歌、跳舞、玩游戏，度过一段有趣的时光，我们希望这样会让他们开心。
(5)But
the
best
gift
I
have
received
is
a
watch，which
my
dad
gave
me
on
my
last
birthday.
但是我所收到过的最好的礼物是一块手表，它是去年爸爸在我过生日时送给我的。
(6)Our
class
is
made
up
of
52
students，all
of
whom
are
friendly
and
hardworking.
我们班由52位同学组成，所有人都待人友好，学习刻苦。
(7)I
will
go
on
a
trip
to
Sichuan，where
there
are
a
great
number
of
places
of
interest.
我要去四川旅行，那里有很多名胜古迹。
(
实战演练
)
针对训练
用定语从句翻译下列句子
1．他就是想见你的那个人吗？
2．我们车间使用的这些机器是中国制造的。
3．他以前就读的学校很有名。
4．他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。
5．众所周知：有志者，事竟成。
[即时演练]
用定语从句将下列每组简单句合并为一个复合句
1．This
is
the
best
method.
It
can
be
used
against
pollution.
→
2．I’ve
always
longed
for
the
days.
I
will
be
able
to
be
independent
then.
→
3．I
will
go
on
a
trip
to
Sichuan.
There
are
a
great
number
of
places
of
interest
in
Sichuan.
→
4．I
have
a
friend.
Her
father
is
an
engineer.
→
5．Through
the
course
of
my
schooling,
I
met
many
teachers.
Two
of
them
influenced
me
greatly.
→
[即时演练] 用适当的关系词填空
1．)Our
science
teacher
will
serve
as
our
guide,
____is
expected
to
tell
us
something
interesting
about
the
Tiantai
Shan.
2．We
will
put
off
the
picnic
in
the
park
until
next
week,
_____
the
weather
may
be
better.
3．Only
those
____
spare
no
effort
to
confront
problems
can
achieve
what
they
long
for.
4．During
holiday
seasons,
I
will
live
in
the
countryside,
______
air
is
fresh
and
people
are
friendly.
5．English
is
a
language
shared
by
several
diverse
cultures,
each
of
______
uses
it
differently.
[即时演练] 补全句子
1．我们大家都知道，这幅画讲述的是古代中国的一个故事。
____________,
the
picture
tells
a
story
of
ancient
China.
2．那些对世界做出重大贡献的人应受到极大的尊重。
Such
people
__________________________________________________.
3．长城是吸引大批游客的世界著名建筑之一。
The
Great
Wall
is
____________________________________
lots
of
visitors.
[即时演练] 单句改错
There
are
three
people
in
my
family
and
I’m
the
only
one
child,
who
is
very
common
in
Chinese
families.
2．Travelling
abroad,
you
should
follow
the
customs
of
the
country
where
you
are
visiting.
3．Remember,
you
can
take
the
contest
in
China
Daily
newspaper,
that
is
very
popular
among
high
school
students.
I
will
never
forget
the
day
on
that
we
went
to
buy
guitars
in
the
guitar
store.
When
you
read
the
book,
you’d
better
make
a
mark
that
you
have
a
question.\
6．On
the
third
floor
there
are
two
rooms,
one
of
them
is
used
as
a
meeting
room.
The
couple
will
fly
to
France
for
their
honeymoon
on
their
first
stop,
which
they
plan
to
stay
for
three
days.
8．I
gave
that
boy
so
difficult
a
math
problem
which
he
couldn’t
work
out.
(
巩固练习
)
Ⅰ.用定语从句补全句子
1．我们将学习唐朝时写的一些中国诗歌。
We
are
going
to
learn
some
Chinese
poems
__________________
in
the
Tang
Dynasty.
2．等考试结束后，我们都有时间的时候，六月的最后一个周日怎么样？
How
about
the
last
Sunday
of
June,
_________________________
?
3．我无法遵守承诺是因为我叔叔马上要出国深造了。
The
reason
why______________________
is
that
my
uncle
will
go
abroad
for
further
study
soon.
4．一年中有四季，每个季节都有显著的特点。
There
are
four
seasons
in
a
year,
____________________________..
5．作为一名外向的学生，我善于同其他人交往，这使我对这个职位感到自信。
As
an
outgoing
student,
I
am
good
at
communicating
with
others,
____________________..
6．我们都知道，当我们需要帮助时，我们的朋友会伸出援手，他们会帮我们渡过难关。
___________________,
our
friends
will
lend
us
a
helping
hand
when
we
need
help
and
they
will
help
us
get
through
difficult
situations.
Ⅱ.请根据以下要点写一封申请信，尽可能多地使用定语从句
假定你是李华，你校广播站正在招收英文编辑，请你根据以下提示，向负责此事的外教Mr.Mark申请这一职位。内容包括：
职位要求
1.有很强的英语表达能力
2．关心时事
个人优势
1.有做记者的经历，沟通能力强
2．父亲是一位职业编辑，深受其影响
3．……
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Task
1：阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ)Joe
Simpson
and
Simon
Yates
were
the
first
people
to
climb
the
West
Face
of
the
Siula
Grande
in
the
Andes
mountains.They
reached
the
top__1__，but
on
their
way
back
conditions
were
very__2__.Joe
fell
and
broke
his
leg.They
both
knew
that
if
Simon__3__alone，he
would
probably
get
back__4__.But
Simon
decided
to
risk
his__5__and
try
to
lower
Joe
down
the
mountain
on
a
rope(绳)．
As
they__6__down，the
weather
got
worse.Then
another__7__occurred.They
couldn't
see
or
hear
each
other
and，__8__，Simon
lowered
his
friend
over
the
edge
of
a
precipice(峭壁)．It
was__9__for
Joe
to
climb
back
or
for
Simon
to
pull
him
up.Joe's__10__was
pulling
Simon
slowly
towards
the
precipice.__11__，after
more
than
an
hour
in
the
dark
and
the
icy
cold，Simon
had
to__12__.In
tears，he
cut
the
rope.Joe__13__into
a
huge
crevasse(裂缝)in
the
ice
below.He
had
no
food
or
water
and
he
was
in
terrible
pain.He
couldn't
walk，but
he__14__to
get
out
of
the
crevasse
and
started
to__15__towards
their
camp，nearly
ten
kilometers__16__.
Simon
had__17__the
camp
at
the
foot
of
the
mountain.He
thought
that
Joe
must
be__18__，but
he
didn't
want
to
leave__19__.Three
days
later，in
the
middle
of
the
night，he
heard
Joe's
voice.He
couldn't__20__it.Joe
was
there，a
few
meters
from
their
tent，still
alive.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲了Joe
Simpson和Simon
Yates爬山，在下山时，Joe受伤了，Simon没有放弃朋友，决定用绳子慢慢把Joe放下去。但是，由于疏忽，Simon把Joe降在一个峭壁的边缘上。Joe不能爬回去，Simon也不能把他拉上去。Simon只能割断绳子，Simon回到了营地，三天后，Joe竟然也活着回到了营地。
1．A．hurriedly
B.carefully
C．successfully
D．early
2．A．difficult
B．similar
C.special
D.normal
3．A．climbed
B．worked
C．rested
D．continued
4．A．unwillingly
B．safely
C．slowly
D．regretfully
5．A．fortune
B．time
C．health
D．life
6．A．lay
B．settled
C．went
D．looked
7．A．damage
B．storm
C．change
D．trouble
8．A．by
mistake
B．by
chance
C．by
choice
D．by
luck
9．A．unnecessary
B．practical
C．important
D．impossible
10．A．height
B．weight
C．strength
D．equipment
11．A．Finally
B．Patiently
C．Surely
D．Quickly
12．A．stand
back
B．take
a
rest
C．make
a
decision
D．hold
on
13．A．jumped
B．fell
C．escaped
D．backed
14．A．managed
B．planned
C．waited
D.hoped
15．A．run
B．skate
C．move
D．march
16．A．around
B．away
C．above
D．along
17．A．headed
for
B．traveled
to
C．left
for
D．returned
to
18．A．dead
B．hurt
C．weak
D．late
19．A．secretly
B．tiredly
C．immediately
D．anxiously
20．A．find
B．believe
C．make
D．accept
Task
2：词汇积累
1．lower
v．(使)降低，(使)跌落
2．occur
v．发生，举行
3．icy
adj.冰冷的，极冷的 an
icy
wind
刺骨的寒风
4．pull
up
把……拉起来
5．get
out
of
摆脱
Task
3：语法填空
Joe
Simpson
and
Simon
Yates
were
the
first
people
__1__
(climb)
the
West
Face
of
the
Siula
Grande
in
the
Andes
mountains.They
reached
the
top
__2__
(success)，but
on
their
way
back
conditions
were
very
difficult.Joe
fell
and
broke
__3__
(he)
leg.They
both
knew
that
__4__
Simon
continued
alone，he
would
probably
get
back
safely.But
Simon
__5__
(decide)
to
risk
his
life
and
try
to
lower
Joe
down
the
mountain
on
a
rope.
Task
4：短文改错(下面文字有五处错误，请改正)
Simon
had
returned
back
to
the
camp
at
the
foot
of
the
mountain.He
thought
that
Joe
must
be
，but
he
didn't
want
to
leave
immediately.Three
days
，in
the
middle
of
the
night，he
heard
Joe's
voice.He
couldn't
it.Joe
was
there，a
few
from
their
tent，still
alive.
Task
5：攻克长难句(分析句子结构，尝试翻译成汉语)
They
both
knew
that
if
Simon
continued
alone，he
would
probably
get
back
safely.
21世纪教育网
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页
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页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共44张PPT)
板
块
五
路漫漫其修远兮
吾将上下而求索
写作素能培养
吸引眼球的定语从句
吸引眼球的定语从句
课时提能训练
职位要求
1．有很强的英语表达能力
2．关心时事
个人优势
1．有做记者的经历，沟通能力强
2．父亲是一位职业编辑，深受其影响
3．……
