(共18张PPT)
易错点归纳与突破
--数词
2021中考英语
基数词的用法
[2020贵州安顺]Sweet
wormwood(青蒿)
is
a
common
plant
in
China
and
Tu
Youyou
is
the
woman
________used
the
special
power
of
the
plant
to
save
________lives.
A．which;
millions
of
B．who;
millions
of
C．whose;
million
of
D．who;
million
of
【详解】句意：青蒿是中国常见的一种植物，而屠呦呦是利用这种植物的特殊力量拯救数百万人生命的女人。本句先行词the
woman是人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，可知使用关系代词who；短语millions
of数以百万的。故选B项。
易错点一：
[2020江苏宿迁]Wu
Dajing,
a
________
Chinese
skater,
set
a
new
world
record
at
the
Short
Track
World
Cup
last
year.
A．25?years?old
B．25
year
old
C．25?year?old
D．25
years
old
【详解】句意：25岁的中国滑冰运动员武大靖在去年的短道世界杯上创造了新的世界纪录。由数字、名词和形容词加连字符构成的词为复合形容词，也称限定词，其结构为“数字?名词?形容词”，中间的名词必须用单数形式。故选C项。
1．表日期
年用基数词，日用序数词。
如：“1985年3月5日”译为：March
5th，1985
2．表时刻
(1)整点一般用“基数词＋o'clock”。
如：“5点钟”读作five
o'clock
(2)当分钟小于或等于30分时，用介词past，译为“几点过几分”。
如：7：05读作five
past
seven；7：30
读作half
past
seven。
(3)当分钟小于或等于30分时，用介词to，译为“差几分到几点”。
如：3：55
读作five
to
four；8：45读作a
quarter
to
nine。
知识点再现
3．表顺序和编号
由“单数名词＋基数词”构成，名词和基数词的首字母通常都大写。如：Grade
Nine九年级 Room
55
55号房间
4．表年龄
(1)基数词(＋year(s)old)：
Her
daughter
is
eighteen(years
old)．她的女儿18岁。
(2)基数词－year－old(作定语)：
a
three－year－old
boy
一个3岁的小男孩
(3)表示“不确切岁数”：结构为“in＋one's＋整十的复数”，
如：
in
his
forties
在他40多岁时。
5．表年代
由“in＋
the＋年代－s”构成，译为“在几世纪几十年代”。
如：in
the
1980s在20世纪80年代。
6．表确数与概数
(1)表示确切的数字时，结构为：具体数字＋hundred/thousand/
million/billion＋名词复数。
如：eight
hundred
dollars
800美元
(2)表示不确切的数字时，结构为：hundreds/thousands/millions/
billions＋of＋名词复数。
如：hundreds
of成百上千的；thousands
of
成千上万的；millions
of数百万的；billions
of数十亿的。
注意
1．“基数词＋名词＋形容词”合成的定语中，名词用单数。
a
10－metre－deep
hole
一个10米深的洞
2．another＋基数词＋名词复数＝基数词＋more＋名词复数。
如：We
need
another
two
bananas.＝We
need
two
more
bananas.
3．基数词与表时间、距离、金钱、度量等词连用作主语时，常被看
作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
Thirty
years
is
quite
a
long
time.
序数词的用法
[2020黑龙江龙东]My
son
is
_______
years
old.
Today
is
his
_______
birthday.
A．twelve;
twelve
B．twelve;
twelfth
C．twelfth;
twelve
【详解】句意：我儿子十二岁了。今天是他第十二个生日。考查基数词和序数词。twelve十二，基数词；twelfth第十二，序数词。基数词加上years
old，表示年纪，故第一个空应填入基数词twelve，C选项可排除。根据句子结构，第二个空应填入序数词twelfth，修饰单数名词birthday。故选B项。
易错点二：
[2020山东滨州]—I
like
the
number
“9”
best,
because
I
think
it
stands
for
“long
lasting”.
—Me
too.
So
I
choose
________
floor
to
live
on.
A．nine
B．ninth
C．the
nine
D．the
ninth
【详解】句意：——我最喜欢数字“9”，因为我觉得它代表“长久”。——我也是，所以我选择住在九楼。根据句中floor可知，此处应使用the
ninth，the
ninth
floor表示“第九层楼”。故选D项。
1．表示顺序时，序数词前常加the。
如：the
second
picture第二幅图
in
the
21st
century
在21世纪
2．序数词前若有限定词，则不加定冠词the。
如：It
is
my
third
time
to
visit
Beijing.
3．序数词前加a/an表示“又一，再一”。
如：I've
tried
twice，but
I'll
try
a
third
time.
知识点再现
one→first
two→second
three→third
five→fifth
nine→ninth
twelve→twelfth
forty→fortieth
eighty－nine→
eighty－ninth
one
hundred→
one
hundredth
常考特殊的基数词与序数词的转换：
基变序，有规律，末尾加上－th；
一二三，特殊记，面目全非要注意；
八加－h，九去－e，－ve要用－f替；
以－y结尾变－ie，后跟－th莫忘记；
若想表示几十几，只变个位就可以。
【巧学妙记】
分数及倍数的用法
[2020贵州安顺]Nowadays,
________
people
like
HUAWEI
phones
better,
and
about
________
of
them
are
adults.
A．the
number
of;
four?fifths
B．a
number
of;
four?fifth
C．a
number
of;
four?fifths
D．the
number
of;
four?five
【详解】句意：如今，许多人更喜欢华为手机，其中约五分之四是成年人。
the
number
of……的数量，作主语，谓语动词使用单数；a
number
of许多，大量的，修饰可数名词复数，它和可数名词作主语时，谓语动词使用复数。本句谓语动词为like，故填a
number
of。分数表达法：基数词做分子，序数词做分母，当分子大于一时，分母用复数，“五分之四”是four?fifths，故第二个空填four?fifths。故选C项。
易错点三：
1.
分数
(1)分数的构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母加?s。如：2/3
two
thirds；5/9
five
ninths。
【注意】1/2常用a
half来表示；1/4常用a
quarter来表示，如：3/4
three
quarters。
(2)分数的用法
“分数＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式应由其修饰的名词的单复数来决定。
如：Two
thirds
of
the
work
has
been
finished.
(谓语动词用单数，与work保持一致)
Three
quarters
of
the
workers
in
the
factory
are
women
workers.
(谓语动词用复数，与women保持一致)
知识点再现
2.
倍数
(1)倍数的构成：两倍用twice，三倍及三倍以上用基数词＋times表示
(2)倍数的三个常用结构：
①倍数＋as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as＋其他。
如：Our
factory
is
twice
as
big
as
theirs.
I
have
three
times
as
many
books
as
you.
There
is
four
times
as
much
water
in
this
bottle
as
in
that
one.
②倍数＋形容词(或副词)的比较级＋than＋其他。
如：The
house
is
five
times
bigger
than
ours.
③倍数＋the
size/height/length/width/…＋of＋其他。
如：The
earth
is
forty?nine
times
the
size
of
the
moon.
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
数词导学案
易错点一：数词的用法
[2020贵州安顺]Sweet
wormwood(青蒿)
is
a
common
plant
in
China
and
Tu
Youyou
is
the
woman
________used
the
special
power
of
the
plant
to
save
________lives.
A．which;
millions
of
B．who;
millions
of
C．whose;
million
of
D．who;
million
of
【详解】句意：青蒿是中国常见的一种植物，而屠呦呦是利用这种植物的特殊力量拯救数百万人生命的女人。本句先行词the
woman是人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，可知使用关系代词who；短语millions
of数以百万的。故选B项。
[2020江苏宿迁]Wu
Dajing,
a
________
Chinese
skater,
set
a
new
world
record
at
the
Short
Track
World
Cup
last
year.
A．25?years?old
B．25
year
old
C．25?year?old
D．25
years
old
【详解】句意：25岁的中国滑冰运动员武大靖在去年的短道世界杯上创造了新的世界纪录。由数字、名词和形容词加连字符构成的词为复合形容词，也称限定词，其结构为“数字?名词?形容词”，中间的名词必须用单数形式。故选C项。
知识点再现
1．表日期
年用基数词，日用序数词。
如：“1985年3月5日”译为：March
5th，1985
2．表时刻
(1)整点一般用“基数词＋o'clock”。
如：“5点钟”读作five
o'clock
(2)当分钟小于或等于30分时，用介词past，译为“几点过几分”。
如：7：05读作five
past
seven；7：30
读作half
past
seven。
(3)当分钟小于或等于30分时，用介词to，译为“差几分到几点”。
如：3：55
读作five
to
four；8：45读作a
quarter
to
nine。
3．表顺序和编号
由“单数名词＋基数词”构成，名词和基数词的首字母通常都大写。如：Grade
Nine九年级 Room
55
55号房间
4．表年龄
(1)基数词(＋year(s)old)：
Her
daughter
is
eighteen(years
old)．她的女儿18岁。
(2)基数词－year－old(作定语)：
a
three－year－old
boy
一个3岁的小男孩
(3)表示“不确切岁数”：结构为“in＋one's＋整十的复数”，
如：
in
his
forties
在他40多岁时。
5．表年代
由“in＋
the＋年代－s”构成，译为“在几世纪几十年代”。
如：in
the
1980s在20世纪80年代。
6．表确数与概数
(1)表示确切的数字时，结构为：具体数字＋hundred/thousand/million/billion＋名词复数。
如：eight
hundred
dollars
800美元
(2)表示不确切的数字时，结构为：hundreds/thousands/millions/billions＋of＋名词复数。
如：hundreds
of成百上千的；thousands
of
成千上万的；millions
of数百万的；billions
of数十亿的。
注意：
1．“基数词＋名词＋形容词”合成的定语中，名词用单数。
a
10－metre－deep
hole
一个10米深的洞
2．another＋基数词＋名词复数＝基数词＋more＋名词复数。
如：We
need
another
two
bananas.＝We
need
two
more
bananas.
3．基数词与表时间、距离、金钱、度量等词连用作主语时，常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
Thirty
years
is
quite
a
long
time.
易错点二：序数词的用法
[2020黑龙江龙东]My
son
is
_______
years
old.
Today
is
his
_______
birthday.
A．twelve;
twelve
B．twelve;
twelfth
C．twelfth;
twelve
【详解】句意：我儿子十二岁了。今天是他第十二个生日。考查基数词和序数词。twelve十二，基数词；twelfth第十二，序数词。基数词加上years
old，表示年纪，故第一个空应填入基数词twelve，C选项可排除。根据句子结构，第二个空应填入序数词twelfth，修饰单数名词birthday。故选B项。
[2020山东滨州]—I
like
the
number
“9”
best,
because
I
think
it
stands
for
“long
lasting”.
—Me
too.
So
I
choose
________
floor
to
live
on.
A．nine
B．ninth
C．the
nine
D．the
ninth
【详解】句意：——我最喜欢数字“9”，因为我觉得它代表“长久”。——我也是，所以我选择住在九楼。根据句中floor可知，此处应使用the
ninth，the
ninth
floor表示“第九层楼”。故选D项。
知识点再现
1．表示顺序时，序数词前常加the。
如：the
second
picture第二幅图
in
the
21st
century
在21世纪
2．序数词前若有限定词，则不加定冠词the。
如：It
is
my
third
time
to
visit
Beijing.
3．序数词前加a/an表示“又一，再一”。
如：I've
tried
twice，but
I'll
try
a
third
time.
常考特殊的基数词与序数词的转换：
one→first
two→second
three→third
five→fifth
nine→ninth
twelve→twelfth
forty→fortieth
eighty－nine→eighty－ninth
one
hundred→one
hundredth
巧学妙记
基变序，有规律，末尾加上－th；一二三，特殊记，面目全非要注意；八加－h，九去－e，－ve要用－f替；以－y结尾变－ie，后跟－th莫忘记；若想表示几十几，只变个位就可以。
易错点三：分数及倍数的用法
[2020贵州安顺]Nowadays,
________
people
like
HUAWEI
phones
better,
and
about
________
of
them
are
adults.
A．the
number
of;
four?fifths
B．a
number
of;
four?fifth
C．a
number
of;
four?fifths
D．the
number
of;
four?five
【详解】句意：如今，许多人更喜欢华为手机，其中约五分之四是成年人。
the
number
of……的数量，作主语，谓语动词使用单数；a
number
of许多，大量的，修饰可数名词复数，它和可数名词作主语时，谓语动词使用复数。本句谓语动词为like，故填a
number
of。分数表达法：基数词做分子，序数词做分母，当分子大于一时，分母用复数，“五分之四”是four?fifths，故第二个空填four?fifths。故选C项。
知识点再现
1.
分数
(1)分数的构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母加?s。如：2/3
two
thirds；5/9
five
ninths。
【注意】1/2常用a
half来表示；1/4常用a
quarter来表示，如：3/4
three
quarters。
(2)分数的用法
“分数＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式应由其修饰的名词的单复数来决定。
如：Two
thirds
of
the
work
has
been
finished.
(谓语动词用单数，与work保持一致)
Three
quarters
of
the
workers
in
the
factory
are
women
workers.
(谓语动词用复数，与women保持一致)
2.
倍数
(1)倍数的构成：两倍用twice，三倍及三倍以上用基数词＋times表示
(2)倍数的三个常用结构：
①倍数＋as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as＋其他。
如：Our
factory
is
twice
as
big
as
theirs.
I
have
three
times
as
many
books
as
you.
There
is
four
times
as
much
water
in
this
bottle
as
in
that
one.
②倍数＋形容词(或副词)的比较级＋than＋其他。
如：The
house
is
five
times
bigger
than
ours.
③倍数＋the
size/height/length/width/…＋of＋其他。
如：The
earth
is
forty?nine
times
the
size
of
the
moon.
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
数词专项练习
Ⅰ.单项选择
1．(2020·黔东南)—Dear,
how
is
your
homework
going?
—Oh,
Mum,
I've
just
finished
________
of
it.
A．second
three
B．two
third
C．second
threes
D．two
thirds
2．(2020·东农垦、森工)My
son
is
________
years
old.
Today
is
his
________
birthday.
A．twelve;
twelve
B．twelve;
twelfth
C．twelfth;
twelve
3．(2020·天水)My
grandparents
live
in
an
old
apartment
with
________
floors
and
they
are
on
the
________
floor.
A．five;
five
B．five;
fifth
C．fifth;
fifth
D．fifth;
five
4．(2020·黔南)Tomorrow
we
are
going
to
celebrate
my
dear
grandpa's
________
birthday.
A．eighty
B．eightieth
C．eight
D．eighth
5.(2020绥化)
About
____
of
the
students
don't
like
studying
online
in
my
class,
because
they
can't
discuss
with
their
classmates.
A
one
three
B.
one
thirds
C.
one
third
6．(2020·镇江)Peng
Min
finally
became
the
winner
of
________
season
of
CCTV's
Chinese
Poetry
Conference.
A．five
B．fifth
C．the
fifth
D．fifths
7.
(2020·内江)Our
hometown
is
becoming
more
and
more
beautiful.
________
visitors
come
here
at
weekends.
A．Hundred
B．Hundreds
C．Hundred
of
D．Hundreds
of
8.(2020重庆B卷)
Teachers’
Day
is
in
September,
the
____
month
of
the
year.
A.
nine
B.
ninth
C.
ten
D.
tenth
9.(2020遂宁)
They
worked
for
____
days,
and
finished
the
____
task
successfully.
A.
twelve;
two
B.
twelve;
second
C.
twelfth;
two
D.
twelfth;
second
10.(2020滨州)
--I
like
the
number
“9”
best,
because
I
think
it
stands
for
“long
lasting”.
--Me,
too.
So
I
choose
____
floor
to
live
on.
A.
nine
B.
ninth
C.
the
nine
D.
the
ninth
11.(2020齐齐哈尔)
The
apartment
has
____
floors
and
Mr.
Black
lives
on
the
____
floor
with
his
family.
A.
twelve;
twelve
B.
twelve;
twelfth
C.
twelfth;
twelfth
12.(2020丹东)
The
words
from
Page
1
to
Page
3
are
very
clear.
But
the
ones
on
the
____
page
are
not.
A.
first
B.
two
C.
three
D.
fourth
13.(2020毕节)
His
office
is
at
the
top
of
the
tall
building.
You
should
take
a
lift
to
the
____
floor.
A.
first
B.
thirtieth
C.
thirty
D.
thirteen
14.(2020益阳)
We
all
know
that
____
birds
fly
to
Dongting
Lake
in
winter.
A.
million
B.
millions
C.
millions
of
15.(2020百色)
The
environment
here
becomes
better
and
better.
____
birds
are
coming
back.
A.
Hundred
B.
Hundreds
C.
Thousand
D.
Thousands
of
Ⅱ.填空
A.根据句意及所给提示写单词
1.
(2020·贵港)Today
we
begin
to
learn
the___________(第八)
lesson.
It
is
about
delicious
food.
2.
(2020·盐城)In
the
Warring
States
period,
Mozi
made
the
_________
(第一)
kite
in
history
out
of
wood.
3.
(2020·南京)This
is
the
_________
(第三)
time
that
I
have
been
in
Nanjing.
4.
(2020·牡丹江)Although
my
grandfather
is
_________
(九十)
years
old,
he
is
still
in
good
health.
B.根据句意用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
5.
(2020·武威)
It’s
never
too
old
to
learn.
Karl
Max
began
to
learn
Russian
in
his
__________
(fifty).
6.
(2020·大庆)Although
you
won
the
__________
(four)
place
in
the
competition,
I’m
really
proud
of
you.
7.
(2020·绥化)Today
is
his
mother’s
_____________(forty)
birthday.
答案
Ⅰ.1-5
DBBBC
6-10
CDBDB
11-15
DBBCD
Ⅱ.1.
eighth
2.
first
3.
third
4
ninety
5.
fifties
6.
fourth
7.
fortieth
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