Unit 3 The environment 基础训练+提升练习+语法讲解（含中考新题型+答案）

Unit 3 The environment
基础训练
单词首字母填空
There is an a____________ around the planet.
The t______________always rises in summer and falls in winter.
Do you think the Moon is l___________?
You can get the blood test r__________in ten minutes.
Eating too much salt i____________ the risk of high blood pressure.
The building was completely d___________ by fire.
He has a good h__________of thinking positively.
Recycling is the p____________way to protect the environment.
The p_________of recycling is to protect the environment.
We need to find a proper s____________for the problem.
完成句子，每空一词
由于公众聚集，病毒很快在许多人中传播。
________ _________ ________ _________ public gatherings, the virus soon spread among lots of people.
澳大利亚的大火已经对环境造成了严重的危害。
The big fire in Australia has ____________ ___________ great damage to the environment.
制造大量垃圾对环境有害。
Creating _________ __________ rubbish isn’t environmentally friendly.
政府必须采取措施控制空气污染。
The government must _________ ___________ to control air pollution.
如果我们一起努力，我们会起到重要作用。
If we work together, we will ________ _________ ___________.
汤姆不在的时候， 约翰可以充当经理。
John can __________ ___________ manager while Tom is away.
语法讲解
知识点1：the same与different
the same一样，相同，强调事物的相似度极高，几乎无差别。
These pens look the same.
different 不同的，强调事物之间有差异、不一样，与the same正相反。
They are twins, but they look different.
知识点2：like, the same as与different from
like介词，意为像，强调事物在某些方面具有相似性，但并不一样。
Sometimes the Moon looks like a big round plate.
He looked after me like a brother.
the same as和......一样，强调一者与另一者一样，as后接比较对象。
My English book is the same as yours.
different from 与......不同， from 后接比较对象，与短语the same as相对。
My bike is different from yours.
注意like, the same as及different from 常与动词be, look, seem, smell, sound, taste等连用。
知识点3：the same...as
the same后加一个名词或短语，用来表达双方在某一方面是一样的。
I like the colours as you.
My father is the same age as my mother.
单项选择
Ann’s shoes are________Tina’s.
A. the same to B. the same C. the same as D. same as
2. City life is ________country life.
A. difference from B. different from C. different as D. difference as
3. The girl ________ her mother ________ eating strawberries.
A. likes, likes B. likes, like C. like, like D. like, likes
4. Can you think of some solutions __________ the problem.
A. of B. in C. to D. with
5. My new mobile phone is __________Jennifer’s .
A. not the same as B. all the same as C. worst than D. so difficult to
6. Don’t ___________your mother. She will be OK.
A. worried about B. worry C. worried of D. be worried about
提升训练
一、语法选择（共15小题，每题1分，共15分）
This was the fourth time this year that Lin was the new kid in school. Four moves in seven months--all because her mother’s job kept them moving. She had decided back in December that __1__ new friends was a waste of time. She would join no more clubs. She would __2__ add no new names to her phone list.
__3__ her first day, the teacher welcomed her to the class and assigned a “buddy” to help her find her way around. This time, it was a girl named Marley, or Carly, or something. Lin had stopped paying attention to __4__the kids’ names were.
Lin knew that she would forget them all, just as __5__ kids from all those other schools had probably forgotten her. __6__ the teacher was giving Lin papers filled with assignments to make up, Lin made her decision. At this school, she would be __7__ remembered.
The next day, Tuesday, instead of __8__the usual jeans and tee shirt, she dressed __9__ in a pair of bloomers from an old Raggedy Ann Halloween costume. She didn’t brush her hair. On Wednesday, she wore__10__old dress of her mother’s, along with soccer cleats. “At least they’ll remember me after we’ve moved away,” she thought on Thursday as she put on a plaid skirt, a T-shirt, and a pile of long beaded necklaces__11__her grandmother had given her to play with.
On Friday, they called her mother to school. She was a bit worried about what her mom __12__ when she saw her outfit. A hula skirt from a vacation in Hawaii __13__ on top of a pair of tattered jeans. From inside the principal’s office, she heard her mother and Mrs. Leonard talking.
“She’ll be so __14__,” her mother said to Mrs. Leonard in the hallway. “We __15__ so often in the last seven months, but this time, we’re here to stay. I’ve got a new job in town. Finally, she’ll be able to fit in.”
1. A. make B. made C. making D. makes
2. A. neither B. also C. as well D. either
3. A. In B. On C. At D. From
4. A. what B. how C. which D. why
5. A. another B. the other C. others D. the others
6. A. Because B. Unless C. As D. Since
7. A. clear B. clearly C. clearer D. more clearly
8. A. wear B. wore C. wearing D. to wear
9. A. she B. her C. hers D. herself
10. A. a B. an C. the D. /
11. A. who B. what C. which D. whose
12. A. says B. has said C. will say D. would say
13. A. wore B. was wearing C. was worn D. were worn
14. A. excite B. excited C. exciting D. excitement
15. A. moved B. will move C. was moving D. have moved
二、完形填空（共10小题，每题1分，共10分）
A friend of mine met with an accident driving in darkness. His legs were so hurt that he couldn’t move. What was the worst was he found himself unable to ask for help – his mobile phone went out of __16__ as a result of exhausted battery. Nothing could be done but to __17__ in cold wilderness. It was 8 hours later that day when the rescue finally came.
It is almost unimaginable that he could stand the horror in the darkness for so long. Even more __18__ was his explanation : “ First of all I checked up my physical __19__ and found myself not in fatal danger. As there was no way to call for help, I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from __20__. In this way, I managed to doze off.’’
His story put an end to my regret for the __21__ of an exploration adventure that happened last year. A group of young men trying to explore a mountain cave and got lost. Unable to find a way out in the dark cave, they were frightened and ran __22__ without a sense of direction. Finally, they fell dead in fear and exhaustion. According to the rescue people that found them, the place where they got lost was only about 10 meters away from the opening of the cave. If they stayed on the spot when they lost their way and tried to __23__ themselves, they would probably sense a faint light glimmering not far away.
Don’t you think that you can compare it with life itself? When you meet with difficulties in life and work, you are lost in darkness. Remind yourself that it’s unclear yet and you needn’t put up struggle __24__. It seems to be a negative attitude, but a person who can __25__ to do so must have foresight as well as a great courage in the first place.
16. A. work B. order C. service D. control
17. A. sing B. cry C. stand D. wait
18. A. encouraging B. surprising C. frightening D. pleasing
19. A. weakness B. movement C. conditions D. expression
20. A. bleeding B. killing C. spreading D. discovering
21. A. loss B. failure C. sadness D. conduct
22. A. excitedly B. determinedly C. effectively D. anxiously
23. A. feel B. warn C. protect D. calm
24. A. hopefully B. immediately C. wisely D. carefully
25. A. prepare B. promise C. afford D. follow
三、阅读(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 阅读理解（共15小题，每题2分，共30分）
A
When my first wartime Christmas came, I was in basic training in New Jersey and not sure if I would make it home for the holidays. Only on the afternoon of December 23 was the list of men who would have the three-day holiday posted. I was one of the lucky soldiers. It was Christmas Eve when I arrived home, and a little snow had fallen. Mother opened the front door. I could see beyond her, into the corner of the living room where the tree had always stood, there were lights, all colors, and ornaments (饰品) shining against the green of a pine.
“Where did it come from?” I asked.
“I asked the Gates boy to cut it,” my mother said. “I wouldn’t have had one just for myself, but when in great need…such a rush! He just brought it in this afternoon.”
The pine reached to the proper height, almost to the ceiling, and the Tree Top Crystal Star was in its place. A few green branches reached out a little awkwardly(难看) at the side, I thought, and there was a bit of bare trunk showing in the middle. But the tree filled the room with warm light and the whole house with the pleasant smell of Christmas.
“It’s not like the one you used to find,” my mother went on. “Yours were always in good shape. I suppose the Gates boy didn’t know where to look for a better one. But I couldn’t be fussy because he had tried his best.”
“Don’t worry,” I told her. “It’s perfect.”
It wasn’t, of course, but at the moment I realized something for the first time: all Christmas trees are perfect.
26. Which of the following is TRUE according to the story?
A. One soldier told the writer he would have a three-day holiday for Christmas.
B. When the writer got home, the Gates boy was cutting a Christmas tree.
C. His mother would not complain for the Christmas tree which looked awkward.
D. All the soldiers were lucky to go home for Christmas during the war.
27. What does the writer mean by saying “all Christmas trees are perfect”?
A. Nothing is as perfect as Christmas.
B. Once at home, everything is so nice.
C. During the war, trees are hard to find.
D. All Christmas trees are the most beautiful.
28. Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. A Soldier and the Christmas Tree B. How Soldiers Spent Christmas
C. The Perfect Christmas Tree D. Christmas and a Special Tree
B
In Silicon Valley, it’s never too early to become an entrepreneur. Just ask 13-year-old David Moore. The eighth-grader has launched a company last October to develop low-cost machines to print Braille(布莱叶盲文). David built a Braille printer with a Lego Mindstorms EV3 kit as a school science fair project last year after he asked his parents a simple question: How do blind people read? “Google it,” they told him. David then did some online research and was shocked to learn that Braille printers cost at least $2,000 — too expensive for most blind readers.
“I just thought that price should not be there. I know that there is a simpler way to do this,” said David, who demonstrated how his printer worked at the kitchen table where he spent many late nights building it. David wants to develop a desktop Braille printer that costs around $350 and weighs just a few pounds, compared with current models that can weigh more than 20 pounds. “My end goal would probably be having most of the blind people … using my Braille printer,” said David, who lives in the Silicon Valley suburb of Santa Clara, just minutes away from Intel headquarters.
After his “Braigo” – a name that combines Braille and Lego – won numerous awards and enthusiastic support from the blind community, David started Braigo Labs last summer with an initial $35,000 investment from his dad. “We as parents started to get involved more, thinking that he’s on to something and this new way process has to continue,” said his father, Matthew Moore, an engineer who works for Intel.
Intel officials were so impressed with David’s printer that in November they invested an undisclosed sum in his start-up. They believe he’s the youngest entrepreneur to receive venture capital money invested in exchange for a financial stake in the company. “He’s solving a real problem, and he wants to go off and challenge an existing industry,” said Edward Ross, director of Inventor Platforms at Intel. Now the company is using the money to hire professional engineers and advisers to help design and build Braille printers based on David’s ideas. It aims to have a prototype (样机) ready for blind organizations to test this summer and have a Braigo printer on the market later this year.
29. What can we learn from paragraph 4?
A. Intel didn’t announce the amount of money it invested.
B. No one else has ever received venture capital from Intel.
C. Intel bought David’s ideas to design and build Braille printers.
D. Braigo printers have been on the market and proved a great success.
30. Which of the following is the correct order?
a. Intel officials invested money in David’s start-up.
b. David launched a company.
c. David got an initial $35,000 investment from his dad.
d. David created a new Braille printer model called Braigo.
e. Braigo Labs hired professional engineers and advisers to help design and build Braille printers.
A. d c b a e B. d b e a c C. b d c a e D. b d c e a
31. Which of the following words can best describe David’s personalities?
A. Independent and selfless. B. Trustworthy and active.
C. Talented and loyal. D. Creative and enthusiastic.
32. The passage is most probably taken from __________.
A. a science fiction B. a science magazine
C. a business advertisement D. a travel journal
C
A four-year-old girl is lying in the arm of a doctor. She has just become motherless. A few minutes ago, a big bombing(轰炸) happened near her home in the south of Iraq.
　　Every day we see pictures like this on our televisions. We see young Iraqi children asking for food and water from American and British soldiers as they move through towns and cities towards the capital, Baghdad.
　　We see these children following grown-ups, carrying bags of things almost the same size as their small bodies as they quickly left their homes in Baghdad.
　　All this shows that some of the young lives have been turned upside down by the war. And they show the terrible price being paid by Iraqi children.
　　In southern parts of the country, like the second largest city, Basra, the UN is working to repair the damage(毁坏) caused by the war. “we are working to provide clean water and get the electrical power to work again，”said Geoffrey Keele, a UN spokesman.
　　But little else can be done. In Baghdad, parents give their children sleeping pills to try and let them escape the sound of bombing. And all the schools are closed. Some diseases break out among the children, sometimes leading to death.
　　Nearly 50％ of the Iraqi population, which is over 20million, is under 15 years old. And 30％ of them are suffering(遭受) from malnutrition(营养) .
33. From the first paragraph, we know that ________.
A. the girl in the doctor's arm is dead B. the girl's mother is looking for her
C. the girl's mother was killed during the bombing D. the text tells us nothing about her mother
34. The second sentence in paragraph 4 means ________
A. the Iraqi children pay much money for what they need
B. the Iraqi children are suffering a lot in the war
C. some people sell children at a terrible price.
D. the young lives have been turned upside down.
35. How much help is the UN giving to the Iraqi children?
A. They are helping them return to school. B. They are giving them enough food and drinks.
C. They can do only a little. D. They can do nothing.
36. The number of Iraqi children in malnutrition is about ________.
A. 20 million B. 10million C. 6 million D. 3 million
D
Want to do some volunteer work? Here are some “green” opportunities.
FUN Society
Fun Society is an organization started by some young people to encourage the young to protect the environment. It is preparing for some summer camps to teach the young the importance of environmental protection. There are different kinds of volunteer jobs for you to choose from.
Environmental Youth Alliance (EYA)
This non-profit organization is run by young people. They work on the environment and the health of people in the city. EYA is now looking for volunteers who are interested in growing their own food in the city.
Stanley Ecology Society(SES)
Do you want to volunteer in one of the greatest parks in the world and learn about amazing ecosystems? SES works on everything, including education, protection, wildlife and office work.
UBC Botanical Garden
Volunteering at the UBC Botanical Garden is a great way to learn about plants, meet new people, and share your love to the garden with others. The UBC Botanical Garden is always looking for young people who love the plant world.
Growing Chefs
Join a team of chefs to grow vegetables, cook with children, and get the children excited about eating healthy food.
During the first visit, plant vegetables with children, then return every 2 weeks for 4 months to help the children take care of the vegetables, do some cooking, and prepare delicious meals with the vegetables they have grown.
37.The fun society organizes the summer camps to ________.
A. teach the young healthy eating B. help the young have fun in summer
C. attract more young people to play together D. encourage environmental protection
38. What might the underlined word “run” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese?
A.奔跑 B.管理 C操作 D提供
39. If you are interested in working in the park you would choose ________.
A. FUN Society B. EYA C. UBC Botanical Garden D. SES
40. It will take you about _______ to finish the volunteer work if you choose Growing Chefs.
A. 1 week B. 2 weeks C. 1 month D. 4 months
第二节阅读填空 (5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
阅读短文及文后A~E选项,选出可以填入41-45各题空白处的最佳选项。
Trees are one of the oldest "citizens (公民)" of our Earth. They keep our air clean, reduce noise pollution, improve water quality (质量) and provide food and building materials.
Just like us, trees change a lot as they grow. ____41_____For example, many trees grow thorns (刺) to warn animals not to go near. Most young trees have large, deep green leaves so that they can catch enough sunlight and change it into their food and energy.
When trees are 4 years old, they begin to grow very rapidly and become strong enough to face challenges later in life. At the age of 15, trees become young adults. __42_________
It is not until the tree is 20 to 25 years old that it becomes a real adult. The tree reaches its largest size.__43__________ It is also a great place for a tree house, or a place for us to nap, read a book, listen to music or sip.(小口喝) tea. If we give the adult tree proper care, it will continue to live healthily for many years.
__44__________ At this time, they still have their important place in nature. When a tree becomes hollow (空心的) or part of it becomes dead, it provides a home to small animals" and is a source of food for many other animals.
In many ways, the life of a tree is similar (相似的) to our own life experience. When we are looking at the life of a tree, we learn about that each period of life brings its own form of joy and challenge. __45________
A. The adult tree give us shade, oxygen and natural beauty.
B. At l to 3 years old, young trees learn how to protect themselves.
C. Enjoy every minute of the life of the trees and take care of the trees!
D. Gradually, trees begin to grow older and older and even die.
E. They grow more slowly and begin to produce flowers and fruit.
四、写作（共三节，满分30分）
第一节 语篇填空（共5小题; 每小题1分，满分5分）
根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。（每空限填一词）
Several hundred people work together to make one film. Some of these people are a______46______ and actresses. The d______47____ of the film, however, is the most important person in a film studio. He d_____48_____ how the scenes should be filmed and how the actors should act.
Most people go to see a film because the film stars they like are in it. Sometimes the film may be very poor. It is best to choose a film made by a good director. Some famous directors make their films very r____49______. People feel that they themselves are a___50_____ the people in the film.
46.___________ 47. __________ 48. ____________ 49. _________ 50. ___________
第二节 完成句子（共5小题， 每空0.5分，共10分）
51. 当我们离开房间的时候，应该要把所有的灯都关了。
All the lights ______ _______ ______ _______ when we leave the room.
52. 这部电影真令人兴奋，我已经看了两遍了。
______ ______ _______ ______ is! I have seen it twice.
53. 长时间盯着别人看是不礼貌的。
______ impolite ______ ______ ______ others for a long time.
54. 他的父亲太忙于工作了以至于没有时间和家人一起吃饭。
His father is _______ _______ _______ his work _______ he has no time to have dinner with families.
55.她想知道在哪可以买到这本书。
She wondered _______ _______ _______ _______ the book.
第三节 书面表达
如今，很多城市出现了一种绿色出行方式----共享单车，它因环保、便捷而备受青睐，但同时也引发了一些问题。请你根据以下内容提示，以“Bike-sharing”为题写一篇英文短文，表达自己的看法和建议。
Advantages
Convenient, reduce the traffic pressure, less pollution, take exercise
Problems
Throw away, damage, be stolen
Advice
Civilized(文明的), follow the rules, take good care of
注意:1.词数80左右(演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出,不计入词数);
2.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息,否则不予评分
Bike - sharing
Today, as a greener means of transportation, bike-sharing is becoming more and more popular in many cities.____________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for listening!
参考答案：
首字母填空：
atmosphere / temperature / lifeless / result / increases / destroyed / habit / proper / purpose / solution
完成句子：
As a result of / resulted in / mountains of / take action / make a difference / act as
单项选择：
CBDCAD
语法选择：
CBBAB CBCDB CDCBD
完形填空：
ADBCA BDDBC
阅读：
CBC AADB CBCD DBDD BEADC
写作：
actors / director / decides / real / among
should be turned off / how exciting the movie / it’s to stare at / so busy with that / where she could buy
略