2021年（外研版）中考英语总复习专项训练：阅读理解02　哲理故事 含答案

阅读理解(二)　哲理故事
A
A
river
was
running
happily
in
the
hill,
the
valley(山谷)
and
the
field.
Soon
it
was
stopped
by
a
huge
rock
and
the
river
was
a
little
afraid
and
worried
what
it
could
do.
The
rock
said,
“Hi,
baby!Where
are
you
going?”
The
river
answered,
“I’m
going
to
the
sea.
My
mother
is
waiting
for
me.”
The
rock
made
fun
of
the
river
and
said,
“You’re
too
young.
Go
back
to
the
hill
at
once.
You
can’t
get
there.
Don’t
come
back
here
again!”
The
river
was
surprised
to
hear
that
and
said,
“I
can
only
go
forwards(向前).There’s
no
river
that
goes
backwards(向后)!”
The
rock
became
angry
and
warned
the
river,
“Don’t
speak!
If
you
don’t
go
back,
you
will
have
to
change
your
direction.
Don’t
want
to
run
over
my
body!”
The
river
asked
helplessly,
“Where
should
I
go?”
“You
can
go
anywhere
you
like.
Just
don’t
come
close
to
me!”
While
they
were
talking,
more
and
more
water
came
here.
Then
it
began
to
get
out
of
control.
The
river
ran
quickly
over
the
rock
and
the
rock
was
washed
pitifully.
The
river
said
proudly,
“A
weak
person
will
change
his
goal
and
direction.
A
person
who
is
strong
will
only
go
ahead
and
nothing
can
stop
him!”
1.The
final
goal
of
the
river
was
to
go
to
the
　　　　.(　　)?
A.
field
B.valley
C.sea
D.hill
2.The
rock
wanted
the
river
to
　　　　.(　　)?
A.
get
out
of
control
B.come
close
to
him
C.make
fun
of
him
D.go
back
to
the
hill
3.The
river
ran
over
the
rock
　　　　.(　　)?
A.
slowly
B.softly
C.quickly
D.carelessly
4.After
meeting
the
rock,
the
river
became
　　　　at
last
instead
of
being
afraid.(　　)?
A.
proud
B.helpless
C.pitiful
D.worried
5.The
passage
tells
us
that
we
should
　　　　when
facing
difficulties.(　　)?
A.
avoid
solving
the
problem
B.become
strong
and
go
ahead
C.change
our
dream
directly
D.be
used
to
giving
up
silently
B
There
were
many
plants
in
a
forest.
When
spring
came,
a
pine
tree
saw
a
red
rose
nearby
and
said,“What
a
beautiful
flower!
I
wish
I
were
that
lovely.”
The
rose
proudly
said,
“It
seems
that
I
am
the
most
beautiful
flower
in
this
forest.”
Then
the
rose
looked
at
a
cactus(仙人掌)
and
said,
“Look
at
that
ugly
plant
full
of
thorns(刺)!”
“What
a
proud
flower!”
thought
the
trees.
As
the
days
passed,
the
red
rose
often
looked
at
the
cactus
and
said
bad
words
about
it,
like
“This
plant
is
useless.
How
sorry
I
am
to
be
his
neighbor!”
The
cactus
never
got
angry
and
even
tried
to
advise
the
rose,
saying,“God
did
not
create
any
form
of
life
without
a
purpose.”
Spring
passed,
and
the
weather
became
very
hot.
As
there
was
no
rain,
the
red
rose
began
to
wilt(枯萎).
One
day
the
rose
saw
birds
put
their
beaks(喙)
into
the
cactus
and
then
fly
away.
The
red
rose
asked
the
pine
tree
what
the
birds
were
doing.
The
pine
tree
explained
that
the
birds
were
getting
water
from
the
cactus.
“The
cactus
has
water?”
asked
the
rose.
“Yes,
you
can
also
drink
some
from
it.
The
birds
can
bring
water
to
you
if
you
ask
the
cactus
for
help.”
The
red
rose
felt
too
ashamed
to
ask
for
water
from
the
cactus.
But
finally
it
did
ask
for
help.
The
cactus
kindly
agreed.
The
rose
learned
a
lesson
and
never
judged(评价)
anyone
by
their
appearance
again.
1.At
first,
　　　　thought
the
cactus
was
ugly.
(　　)?
A.
the
rose
B.the
pine
tree
C.the
birds
D.the
thorns
2.The
red
rose
began
to
wilt
because
　　　　.
(　　)?
A.
the
birds
could
fly
B.spring
came
C.there
was
no
rain
D.the
cactus
got
angry
3.The
birds
put
their
beaks
into
the
cactus
to
　　　　.(　　)?
A.
get
water
B.eat
food
C.offer
help
D.tell
secrets
4.From
the
passage,
we
know
the
cactus
was
　　　　.(　　)?
A.
rude
B.kind
C.selfish
D.careless
5.From
the
story,
we
know
　　　　.
(　　)?
A.
the
pine
tree
didn’t
think
the
red
rose
was
beautiful
B.the
red
rose
never
said
bad
words
about
others
C.the
cactus
refused
to
help
the
birds
D.the
red
rose
realized
she
was
wrong
at
last
C　[
2021·原创]
　　Once
upon
a
time
there
was
a
wise
man
who
had
a
habit
of
walking
on
the
beach
before
he
began
his
writing.
One
day
he
was
walking
along
the
seaside.
As
he
looked
down
at
the
beach,
he
saw
a
person
moving
like
a
dancer.
He
smiled
to
himself
at
the
thought
that
someone
would
dance
on
the
beach.
So
he
began
to
walk
faster
to
catch
up.
As
he
got
closer,
he
saw
that
it
was
a
young
man
and
the
young
man
wasn’t
dancing;
instead
he
was
reaching
down
to
the
shore,
picking
up
something
and
very
gently
throwing
it
into
the
ocean.
As
he
got
closer,
he
called
out,
“Good
morning!
What
are
you
doing?”
The
young
man
paused,
looked
up
and
replied,
“Throwing
starfish(海星)
into
the
ocean.”
“Why
are
you
throwing
starfish
into
the
ocean?”
“The
sun
is
up,
and
the
tide(潮汐)
is
going
out.
And
if
I
don’t
throw
them
in
time,
they’ll
die.”
“But,
young
man,
don’t
you
know
there
are
miles
and
miles
of
beach,
and
that
starfish
are
all
along
it?
You
can’t
possibly
make
a
difference!”?
The
young
man
listened
politely.
Then
he
bent
down,
picked
up
another
starfish,
threw
it
into
the
ocean
and
said,
“It
has
made
a
difference
to
this
one
and
many
other
ones.”
1.What
did
the
wise
man
usually
do
before
he
began
his
writing?
(　　)
A.He
usually
walked
on
the
street.
B.He
had
a
habit
of
smoking.
C.He
usually
took
a
walk
on
the
beach.
D.He
usually
danced
on
the
beach.
2.What
was
the
young
man
throwing
into
the
ocean?
(　　)
A.Fish.
B.Tides.
C.Stones.
D.Starfish.
3.What
does
the
underlined
sentence
mean?
(　　)
A.The
young
man
was
doing
something
meaningful.
B.There
were
so
many
starfish
that
the
young
man
couldn’t
save
all
of
them.
C.The
starfish
were
too
far
away
from
the
ocean.
D.The
young
man
should
make
a
plan.
4.What
do
you
think
of
the
young
man?
(　　)
A.Funny.
B.Smart.
C.Warm-hearted.
D.Helpless.
D
One
day
a
woman
came
out
of
her
house
and
saw
three
old
men
standing
in
her
front
yard.
She
invited
them
in
to
have
something
to
drink.
But
they
told
her
that
they
didn’t
go
into
a
house
together.
The
woman
felt
very
surprised
and
asked
why.
One
of
the
old
men
pointed
to
one
of
his
friends
and
explained,
“His
name
is
Success,”
he
said
and
pointed
to
the
other
friend,
“He
is
Love,
and
I
am
Wealth.”
He
asked
her
to
go
in
and
discuss
with
her
family
which
one
of
the
three
they
wanted
to
invite.
The
woman
went
in
and
told
her
husband
what
happened.
Her
husband
was
very
happy,
“Great!”
he
said.
“Let
us
invite
Wealth
to
come
in
and
we’ll
be
very
rich!”
His
wife
disagreed,
“My
dear,
why
don’t
we
invite
Success?”
His
daughter
jumped
in
with
her
own
suggestion,
“Daddy,
I
prefer
to
invite
Love,
so
our
home
will
be
filled
with
love!”
“Good
idea!”
said
the
husband
to
his
wife.
“Go
out
and
invite
Love
to
be
our
guest.”
The
woman
went
out
and
invited
Love
in.
Love
started
walking
towards
the
house.
The
other
two
old
men
also
followed
him.
The
woman
asked
them
in
surprise,
“I
only
invited
Love.
Why
are
you
all
coming
in?”
The
old
men
answered
together,
“If
you
invited
Wealth
or
Success,
the
other
two
of
us
would
stay
outside,
but
since
you
invited
Love,
wherever
there
is
Love,
there
is
also
Wealth
and
Success!”
1.What
were
the
three
old
men
doing
when
the
woman
came
out?(　　)
A.
They
were
walking
towards
her
house.
B.They
were
having
something
to
drink.
C.They
were
asking
something
to
eat.
D.They
were
standing
in
her
front
yard.
2.　　　　
introduced
his
other
two
friends
to
the
woman.(　　)?
A.
Success
B.Love
C.Wealth
D.Wealth’s
friend
3.Which
of
the
following
statements
is
probably
TRUE?(　　)
A.
The
daughter
thought
love
was
the
most
important.
B.There
was
no
love
in
the
family.
C.The
wife
loved
money
best.
D.The
husband
wanted
to
be
successful.
4.When
the
other
two
men
followed
Love
inside,
the
woman
felt
　　　　.(　　)?
A.
happy
B.surprised
C.nervous
D.angry
5.What
does
the
passage
mainly
tell
us?(　　)
A.
The
more
successful
you
are,
the
nicer
you
will
become.
B.You
can’t
get
everything
you
need
at
one
time.
C.Love
is
the
most
important
thing
in
the
world.
D.You
shouldn’t
ask
for
more
besides
love.
【参考答案】
A　[主旨大意]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一条河流在流向大海的途中遭遇到岩石的阻拦,但最终不畏困难奔腾而过。说明一个道理:坚强的人只会勇往直前,没有什么能阻挡他。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I’m
going
to
the
sea.
My
mother
is
waiting
for
me.”可知,它去的是大海。故选C。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Go
back
to
the
hill
at
once.”可知答案。故选D。
3.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句“The
river
ran
quickly
over
the
rock…”可知答案。故选C。
4.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The
river
said
proudly…”可知,小河变得自豪了。故选A。
5.B　推理判断题。根据最后一句“A
person
who
is
strong
will
only
go
ahead
and
nothing
can
stop
him!”可知这个故事告诉我们的道理是:面对困难时要坚强。故选B。
B　[主旨大意]本文是一篇记叙文。玫瑰花自以为自己很漂亮,瞧不起既丑陋又带有刺的仙人掌,所以处处刁难它、讽刺它。但经过松树的解释,玫瑰花改变了对仙人掌的态度。本文告诉我们:不要以貌取人。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Then
the
rose
looked
at
a
cactus
and
said,
‘Look
at
that
ugly
plant
full
of
thorns!’”可知,起初玫瑰花认为仙人掌很丑。故选A。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第六段的第二句“As
there
was
no
rain,
the
red
rose
began
to
wilt.”可知,玫瑰花开始枯萎,是因为没有雨水。故选C。
3.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第五段“One
day
the
rose
saw
birds
put
their
beaks
into
the
cactus
and
then
fly
away.
The
red
rose
asked
the
pine
tree
what
the
birds
were
doing.
The
pine
tree
explained
that
the
birds
were
getting
water
from
the
cactus.”可知,那些鸟把它们的喙放进仙人掌里取水。故选A。
4.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第五段与倒数第二段的最后一句“The
cactus
kindly
agreed.”可推知,仙人掌非常善良,不仅帮助了鸟儿,也帮助了以前讽刺过自己的玫瑰花。故选B。
5.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段“The
rose
learned
a
lesson
and
never
judged
anyone
by
their
appearance
again.”可知,玫瑰花最后意识到自己错了。故选D。
C　[主旨大意]本文通过叙述作家与年轻人对于拯救海星的不同看法,阐释了生活中的小善举也能有重大的意义。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Once
upon
a
time
there
was
a
wise
man
who
had
a
habit
of
walking
on
the
beach
before
he
began
his
writing.”可知选C。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第三段“The
young
man
paused,
looked
up
and
replied,
‘Throwing
starfish
into
the
ocean.’”可知选D。
3.B　句意理解题。根据上文可知因为海边的海星太多了,不可能救得过来,所以这位作家才会说年轻人这样做的意义不大。故选B。
4.C　推理判断题。通过作家与年轻人的对话可知这位年轻人是热心的。故选C。
D　1—5　DCABC