2020-2021学年译林版(2019)高一英语必修1学案：Unit 1 Back to school (4份打包, Word版含答案)

Unit1
Back
to
school
1.2
Grammar：句子成分和句子结构
一．句子成分
句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
1.
主语
主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there
be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
指出下列句子中的主语及它的性质：
①During
the
1990s,
American
country
music
has
become
more
and
more
popular.
②often
speak
English
in
class.
③One-third
of
the
students
in
this
class
are
girls.
④To
swim
in
the
river
is
a
great
pleasure.
⑤Smoking
does
harm
to
the
health.
⑥The
rich
should
help
the
poor.
⑦When
we
are
going
to
have
an
English
test
has
not
been
decided.
【答案】①
country
music
（名词）
②We
（代词）
③One-third
（数词）
④To
swim
（不定式）
⑤
Smoking
（动名词）
⑥The
rich
（名词化的形容词）
⑦
When
we
are
going
to
have
an
English
test
（主语从句）
2．谓语
谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：
1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：
He
practices
running
every
morning.
2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：
You
may
keep
the
book
for
two
weeks.
He
has
caught
a
bad
cold.
（2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We
are
students.
3.
表语
表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be,
become,
get,
look,
grow,
turn,
seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。
指出下列句子中的表语及它的性质：
①Our
teacher
of
English
is
an
American.
②Is
it
yours?
③The
weather
has
turned
cold.
④The
speech
is
exciting.
⑤Three
times
seven
is
twenty
one?
⑥His
job
is
to
teach
English.
⑦His
hobby（爱好）is
playing
football.
⑧The
machine
must
be
out
of
order.
⑨Time
is
up.
The
class
is
over.
⑩The
truth
is
that
he
has
never
been
abroad.
【答案】①
American
（名词）
②yours
（代词）
③cold.
（形容词）
④exciting
（分词）
⑤
twenty
one
exciting
（数词）
⑥to
teach
English（不定式）
⑦
playing
football（动名词）
⑧
out
of
order（介词短语）
⑨up/
over.（副词）
⑩
that
he
has
never
been
abroad（表语从句）
4.
宾语
宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。
指出下列句子中的宾语及它的性质：
①They
went
to
see
an
exhibition（展览）yesterday.
②The
heavy
rain
prevented
me
form
coming
to
school
on
time.
③How
many
dictionaries
do
you
have?
I
have
five.
④They
helped
the
old
with
their
housework
yesterday.
⑤He
pretended
not
to
see
me.
⑥I
enjoy
listening
to
popular
music.（动名词短语）
⑦I
think（that）he
is
fit
for
his
office.（宾语从句）
【答案】①
exhibition
（名词）
②me
（代词）
③five
（数词）
④the
old
（名词化形容词）
⑤
not
to
see
me
（不定式短语）
⑥listening
to
popular
music
（动名词短语）
⑦
listening
to
popular
music（宾语从句）
宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），
例如：Lend
me
your
dictionary,
please.
（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），
例如：They
elected
him
their
monitor.
5.
宾语补足语
英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。
指出下列句子中的宾补及它的性质：
①His
father
named
him
Dongming.
②They
painted
their
boat
white.
③Let
the
fresh
air
in.
④You
mustn’t
force
him
to
lend
his
money
to
you.
⑤We
saw
her
entering
the
room.
⑥We
found
everything
in
the
lab
in
good
order.
⑦We
will
soon
make
our
city
what
your
city
is
now.
【答案】①
Dongming
（名词）
②white
（形容词）
③in（副词））
④to
lend
his
money
to
you（不定式短语）
⑤
entering
the
room（现在分词）
⑥in
good
order（介词短语）
⑦
what
your
city
is
now（从句）
6.
定语
修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
指出下列句子中的定语及它的性质：
①Guilin
is
a
beautiful
city.（形容词）
②China
is
a
developing
country;
America
is
a
developed
country.
③There
are
thirty
women
teachers
is
our
school.
④His
rapid
progress
in
English
made
us
surprised.
⑤Our
monitor
is
always
the
first
to
enter
the
classroom.
⑥The
teaching
plan
for
next
term
has
been
worked
out.
⑦He
is
reading
an
article
about
how
to
learn
English.
【答案】①beautiful（形容词）
②developing/
developed
（代词）
③women
（名词）
④His
（代词）
⑤
to
enter
the
classroom
（不定式短语）
⑥teaching
（动名词）
⑦about
how
to
learn
English.（介词短语）
7.
状语：
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示：
Light
travels
most
quickly.（副词及副词性词组）
He
has
lived
in
the
city
for
ten
years.（介词短语）
He
is
proud
to
have
passed
the
national
college
entrance
examination.（不定式短语）
He
is
in
the
room
making
a
model
plane.（分词短语）
Wait
a
minute.（名词）
Once
you
begin,
you
must
continue.（状语从句）
指出下列句子中的状语以及其种类:
①How
about
meeting
again
at
six?（时间状语）
②Last
night
she
didn’t
go
to
the
dance
party
because
of
the
rain.（原因状语）
③I
shall
go
there
if
it
doesn’t
rain.（条件状语）
④Mr
Smith
lives
on
the
third
floor.（地点状语）
⑤She
put
the
eggs
into
the
basket
with
great
care.（方式状语）
⑥She
came
in
with
a
dictionary
in
her
hand.（伴随状语）
⑦In
order
to
catch
up
with
the
others,
I
must
work
harder.（目的状语）
⑧He
was
so
tired
that
he
fell
asleep
immediately.（结果状语）
⑨She
works
very
hard
though
she
is
old.（让步状语）
⑩I
am
taller
than
he
is.（比较状语）
【答案】①at
six（时间状语）
②because
of
the
rain（原因状语）
③if
it
doesn’t
rain（条件状语）
④on
the
third
floor（地点状语）
⑤
with
great
care（方式状语）
⑥with
a
dictionary
in
her
hand.（伴随状语）
⑦In
order
to
catch
up
with
the
others（目的状语）
⑧he
fell
asleep
immediately（结果状语）
⑨though
she
is
old（让步状语）
⑩than
he
is（比较状语）
8.
同位语
对修饰对象进行补充说明或进一步解释。
Tom,
my
best
friend,
left
for
London
yesterday.
二．英语句子的基本结构
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
1：
Ｓ
Ｖ
（主＋谓）
2：
Ｓ
Ｖ
Ｏ
（主＋谓＋宾）
3：
Ｓ
Ｖ
Ｐ
（主＋系＋表）
4：
Ｓ
Ｖ
ｏ
Ｏ
（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
5：
Ｓ
Ｖ
Ｏ
Ｃ
（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
1.
主
+
谓（SV）
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
例如：The
water
is
boiling
.
水开了。
They
have
been
waiting
there
for
hours.
他们一直在那儿等了数小时。
The
train
will
leave
soon.
火车就要开了。
2.
主
+
谓+
宾（SVO）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’，如：me，him，them等
例如：Tom
has
a
brother.
汤姆有一个弟弟。
They
wanted
to
have
a
rest.
他们想歇息一会儿。
He
successfully
carried
out
his
plan
.
他成功地实行了他的计划。
3.
主
+
谓+
宾（SVO）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’，如：me，him，them等
例如：Tom
has
a
brother.
汤姆有一个弟弟。
They
wanted
to
have
a
rest.
他们想歇息一会儿。
He
successfully
carried
out
his
plan
.
他成功地实行了他的计划。
4.
主语
+
谓语
+
间接宾语
+
直接宾语（SVOO）
此句型中的谓语动词后接两个宾语："间接宾语"多由代词或名词充当；"直接宾语"，往往由名词充当。这类句型常有"给某人某物"、"送某人某物"、"留给某人某物"等意思。
例如：He
brought
me
a
coat.
他给我带来一件大衣。
Pass
me
the
dictionary,
please.
请将词典递给我。
I
lend
him
my
bicycle.
我把自行车借给他了。
5.
主
+
谓+
宾
+
宾补（SVOC）
此句型概括了这样一种情况：有些及物动词的后面有时常带复合宾语结构（即：宾语
+
宾语补足语）。在这一结构中，宾语补足语是对宾语"做什么"、"怎么样"等方面进行补充说明。
例如：We
elected
him
our
monitor
.
我们选他当班长。
The
news
made
me
happy
.
那消息使我很高兴。
We
know
him
to
be
an
expert
.
我们知道他是专家。
He
heard
somebody
opening
the
door
.
他听见有人在开门。
I
found
myself
in
dark
.
我发现自己还蒙在鼓里。
英语句子成分歌
英语句子八呀八大块，主谓宾表真呀真实在；
补语跟着宾语表语跑，定语同位（语）专把名词踹。
状语的位置它自由自在，忽右忽左随心所欲摆。
浑身的毛病真呀真不少，前后乱窜它还会加塞。（RAP）
Ⅰ.
指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：
1.
The
students
got
on
the
school
bus.
2.
He
handed
me
the
newspaper.
3.
I
shall
answer
your
question
after
class.
4.
What
a
beautiful
Chinese
painting!
5.
They
went
hunting
together
early
in
the
morning.
6.
His
job
is
to
train
swimmers.
7.
He
took
many
photos
of
the
palaces
in
Beijing.
8.
There
is
going
to
be
an
American
film
tonight.
9.
He
is
to
leave
for
Shanghai
tomorrow.
10.
His
wish
is
to
become
a
scientist.
11.
He
managed
to
finish
the
work
in
time.
12.
Tom
came
to
ask
me
for
advice.
13.
He
found
it
important
to
master
English.
14.
Do
you
have
anything
else
to
say?
15.
To
be
honest,
your
pronunciation
is
not
so
good.
16.
Would
you
please
tell
me
your
address?
17.
He
sat
there,
reading
a
newspaper.
18.
It
is
our
duty
to
keep
our
classroom
clean
and
tidy.
19.
He
noticed
a
man
enter
the
room.
20.
The
apples
tasted
sweet.
I.
阅读理解
Sure
it's
good
to
get
along
with
your
teacher
because
it
makes
the
time
you
spend
in
the
classroom
more
pleasant.
And
yes,
it's
good
to
get
along
with
your
teacher
because
in
general
it's
smart
to
learn
how
to
understand
the
different
types
of
people
you'll
meet
throughout
your
life.
"But
really
there's
one
super-important
reason
why
you
should
get
along
with
your
teacher.
When
you
do
learning
bursts
right
open
"
says
Evelyn
Vuko
a
longtime
teacher
who
writes
an
education
column(专栏)
called
"Teacher
Says"
for
the
Washington
Post
newspaper.
In
fact,
kids,
who
get
along
with
their
teachers
not
only
learn
more
but
they're
more
comfortable
asking
questions
and
getting
extra
help.
This
makes
it
easier
to
understand
new
material
and
do
your
best
on
tests.
When
you
have
this
kind
of
relationship
with
a
teacher
he
or
she
can
be
someone
to
turn
to
with
problems
such
as
problems
with
learning
or
school
life
such
as
bullying.
As
a
kid
in
a
primary
or
middle
school
you're
at
a
wonderful
stage
in
your
life.
You're
like
a
sponge
(海绵)
able
to
absorb
lots
of
new
and
exciting
information.
On
top
of
that
you're
able
to
think
about
all
this
information
in
new
ways.
Your
teacher
knows
that
in
most
cases
is
very
excited
to
be
the
person
who's
giving
you
all
that
material
and
helping
you
make
it.
Remember
teachers
are
people
too
and
they
feel
great
if
you're
open
to
what
they're
teaching
you.
That's
why
they
wanted
to
be
teachers
in
the
first
place-to
teach!
Some
kids
may
be
able
to
learn
in
any
situation
whether
they
like
the
teacher
or
not.
But
most
kids
are
sensitive
to
the
way
they
get
along
with
the
teacher
and
if
things
aren't
going
well
they
won't
learn
as
well
and
won't
enjoy
being
in
class.
1.
In
the
passage
the
author
mainly
talks
about
_______.
A.
how
to
get
along
well
with
others
B.
the
importance
of
a
good
relation
with
teachers
C.
how
much
the
students
are
expected
of
to
get
along
with
teachers
D.
how
to
make
the
time
in
the
classroom
more
pleasant
2.
"Learning
bursts
right
open"
in
the
third
paragraph
really
means
_______.
A.
learning
becomes
easier
for
you
at
once
B.
you
find
an
opening
to
learning
C.
there'll
be
more
problems
with
learning
D.
there'll
be
no
problems
at
all
with
learning
3.
According
to
the
passage
which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE?
A.
If
you
get
on
well
with
your
teachers
you
must
have
a
good
result
in
exams.
B.
The
more
questions
you
ask
the
higher
marks
you
will
get.
C.
If
you
have
a
good
relationship
with
your
teacher
you
can
turn
to
him
when
in
trouble.
D.
Many
kids
can
do
well
without
a
good
relationship
with
teachers.
4.
Which
of
the
comments
is
FALSE
on
teachers
and
their
work
according
to
the
passage?
A.
Teachers
are
excited
even
if
you
wouldn't
like
to
accept
their
teaching.
B.
Teachers
sometimes
have
the
same
feelings
as
students
do.
C.
Though
few
there
are
still
some
students
who
can
learn
even
if
they
don't
like
the
teacher.
D.
Having
a
bad
relationship
with
your
teachers
does
more
or
less
harm
to
your
studies.
Ⅱ.
语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In
1916
the
United
States
started
the
world's
first
national
park
system.
Since
then,
it?
1
?（serve）as
a
model
for
other
countries
that
try
to
better
protect
the
environment
and
let
people
enjoy
nature.?
A
national
park
is
a
reserve
of
land?
2
?（declare）
and
owned
by
the
government,
protected
from
human
development
and
pollution.
Now
China
is
planning
its
own
national
parks
system.
On
Dec
5,
China
passed
two
pilot
plans
for
national
parks?
3
?（protect）the
giant
panda,
Siberian
tiger
and
Amur
leopard.?
But
national
parks
are
not
only
for
animals.
In
mid-2015,
China
started
to
build
pilot
national
parks
in
nine
provinces．
4
?most
famous
one
is
the
Sanjiangyuan
national
park
on
the
Qinghai-Tibet
Plateau.
It
aims
to
protect
China's
water
source.
Sanjiangyuan,
or
"Source
of
Three
Rivers",
is?
5
?the
Yellow,
Yangtze,
and
Lancang
rivers
start．?
Before
this
national
park
project，
China
had
set?
6
thousands
of
nature
parks，
forests
and
scenic
areas
as
protected
areas.
However,
they
haven't
been
managed
well?
7
too
many
different
organizations
have
been
involved
in
the
protection
of
the
different
areas,
according
to
the
China
Daily.
Under
the
new
plan,
national
parks
will
cover
big
areas
and
include
different
protected
areas．?
For
example,
the
habitats
of
wild
pandas
lie
in
different
provinces
and?
8
?（cut）
into
even
smaller
pieces
by
railways,
roads
and
power
lines.
This
makes
isolated
panda
groups
more
open
to?
9
?（dangerous）.
The
panda
national
park
will
cover
all
the
habitats
and
make
the
protection
of
animals
as
comprehensive
as
possible．?
But
this
increased
protection
doesn't
mean
national
parks
will
shut
their
doors
to
humans．
Instead，
the
new
system
will
offer
people
a
chance
to?
10
（deep）
feel
nature．
Ⅲ.
七选五
Choosing
the
right
college
for
you
is
not
so
easy.
You
should
have
a
general
idea
of
what
you
want
and
don't
want.
The
idea
can
guide
you
to
find
what
fits
your
needs
best.
__1__
Think
about
what
major
you
want
to
study
in
college.
If
you
know
that,
just
look
at
colleges
that
have
your
major.
__2__
So
think
carefully
about
your
major
and
interests
before
choosing
one.
Where
the
college
is
located
matters.
Anyone
who
tells
you
the
location
isn't
important
is
lying.
__3__
If
you
look
forward
to
working
in
the
publishing
industry,
New
York
may
be
your
best
bet.
If
your
parents
want
you
to
stay
close
to
home,
please
don't
consider
anywhere
that
requires
a
plane
ticket
to
get
to.
Think
about
how
much
you
can
afford.
Are
your
parents
paying
for
your
education?
If
so,
how
much
are
they
willing
to
spend?
Do
you
have
to
contribute
anything?
Financial
aid
and
scholarship
exist,
but
don't
count
on
anything.
__4__
These
are
all
things
to
consider
before
you
fall
in
love
with
a
college.
Make
sure
you're
going
to
spend
time
with
the
right
people.
The
cool
thing
about
college
is
that
each
different
one
attracts
different
kinds
of
people.
For
the
first
thing
in
your
life,
you
get
to
choose
where
you
get
to
spend
your
time
and
who
you
get
to
spend
it
with.
__5__
Make
sure
that
the
people
you're
with
for
four
years
are
your
kind
of
people.
A.
College
is
about
learning
what
you
love.
B.
You'd
better
choose
a
major
that
is
popular.
C.
Go
to
the
college
with
some
people
you
like.
D.
Are
you
willing
to
go
into
major
debt
over
a
school?
E.
Remember,
above
all,
it's
the
people
that
make
the
place.
F.
If
you
don't
like
cold
weather,
stay
away
from
northern
schools.
G.
These
guidelines
will
help
figure
out
what
college
you
want
to
go
to.
基础帮
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1、主语，定语；2、间接宾语；3、谓语，状语；4、定语；5、状语，状语；6、定语，表语；7、宾语，状语；8、谓语，主语；9、谓语；10、主语，表语；11、谓语，宾语；12、状语；13、形式宾语，真正宾语；14、宾语、定语；15、插入语，状语；16、宾语(间宾+直宾)；17、状语，状语；18、形式主语，表语，宾补；19、宾补；20、表语
能力帮
I.
阅读理解
【解题导语】本文是为议论文。主要讨论了与老师处理好关系的重要性．
1.
主旨大意题．根据文章第一段中的it's
good
to
get
along
with
your
teacher
because
it
makes
the
time
you
spend
in
the
classroom
more
pleasant．和你的老师相处好是有好处的，因为这会使你在教室里度过的时间更愉快，可知这是文章的中心句，也是文章的主旨要义。分析选项可知选B．
2.
猜测句意题。根据前文句子“there's
one
super-important
reason
why
you
should
get
along
with
your
teacher”此句是说“有一个非常重要的原因，你应该和你的老师相处好”。根据后文句子“In
fact，kids
who
get
along
with
their
teachers
not
only
learn
more，but
they're
more
comfortable
asking
questions
and
getting
extra
helpThis
makes
it
easier
to
understand
new
material
and
do
your
best
on
tests”，此处是说“事实上与老师关系好的孩子不仅学得更多，而且在提问和获得额外帮助时也会感到舒适．这使得更容易理解新学的知识而且考试做得最好"．可知上文的划线部分意为"学习会变得更加容易”，由此可打断出，“好的师生关系能使你学习更容易”，故可以猜测划线部分意为“好的师生关系让学习变得更容易”符合题意，故选A。
3.
细节理解题，根据文章第四段中的When
you
have
this
kind
of
relationship
with
a
teacher，he
or
she
can
be
someone
to
turn
to
with
problems，可知，如果你和老师有良好的关系，他或她就是你寻求帮助的人。分析选项可知C项符合题意，故选C。
4.
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Your
teacher
knows
that，and
in
most
cases，is
very
excited
to
be
the
person
who's
giving
you
all
that
material
and
helping
you
put
it
together．Remember，teachers
are
people，too，and
they
feel
great
if
you're
open
to
what
they're
teaching
you”可知，当老师讲给的知识能帮到你时，老师会很高兴，如果你接受老师所教的知识他们会感觉很好。而A选项"即使你不接受老师所教的知识老师也会很高兴"为主观臆断，是错误。分析选项可知，A
符合题意，故选A。
【点睛】高考中猜测词义题是常考题型。这种题型既可以是一个单词的意义推断，也可以是一个短语或句子的意义推断在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。如第2小题属于猜测句意题。根据前文句子“there's
one
super-important
reason
why
you
should
get
along
with
your
teacher”此句是说“有一个非常重要的原因，你应该和你的老师相处好”。根据后文句子“In
fact，kids
who
get
along
with
their
teachers
not
only
learn
more，but
they're
more
comfortable
asking
questions
and
getting
extra
help.
This
makes
it
easier
to
understand
new
material
and
do
your
best
on
tests”，此处是说“事实上与老师关系好的孩子不仅学得更多，而且在提问和获得额外帮助时也会感到舒适．这使得更容易理解新学的知识而且考试做得最好"．可知上文的划线部分意为"学习会变得更加容易”，由此可打断出，“好的师生关系能使你学习更容易”，故可以猜测划线部分意为“好的师生关系让学习变得更容易”符合题意，故选A。
Ⅱ.
语法填空
本文讲述了国家公园的来历和作用：1916年，美国建立了世界上第一个国家公园系统，从那时起，它就成为其他国家更好地保护环境和让人们享受大自然的典范．
1．has?served，考查时态，since和现在完成时态连用，根据句意"从那时起，它就成为其他国家更好地保护环境和让人们享受大自然的典范"．所以用现在完成时态．?
2．?declared，考查过去分词，declare和它所修饰的名词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语．?
3．?to?protect，考查不定式，作目的状语用不定式．?
4．?The，考查冠词，形容词最高级前面需要加定冠词．?
5．?where，考查表语从句，从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导．?
6．?aside，考查固定搭配，set
aside留出．?
7．?because，考查连词，引导原因状语从句，表示直接原因，所以用because引导．?
8．?are?cut，考查语态，句子主语和cut之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态．?
9．?danger，考查名词，介词to后跟名词，danger为不可数名词无复数．?
10．?deeply．考查副词，修饰动词用副词．
Ⅲ.
七选五
1.
D
2.
G
3.
C
4.
B
5.
F
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。每一个在海外生活或工作过的人都知道，旅行是一种丰富多彩、改变人生的经历，但也可能会令人沮丧。文章介绍了出国留学带来的文化冲击的四个主要阶段。
1．D【解析】根据该空前面的内容可知，该空需要填的是部分句子，而不是整句话，故应在D、E两项中选择。根据下文的“That
frustration
often
stems
from
culture
shock(这种挫折感往往源于文化冲击)”可知，D项“but
it
can
also
be
frustrating(但这也可能令人沮丧)”切题。该项中的frustrating和下文中的frustration属同根词。故选D。
2．G【解析】根据该空上一句可知“在这个阶段，你可能会爱上意大利比萨或爱尔兰口音”，G项“You’re
thrilled
by
new
sights，sounds，smells
and
events(你对新的景象、声音、气味和事件感到兴奋)”切题。故选G。
3.
C【解析】该空上一句提到“他们不懂你的幽默感”，C项“Nobody
knows
the
real
you(没有人知道真正的你)”切题。故选C。
4.
B【解析】此空位于段首，为该段落小标题。该空下一句提到“在这个阶段，你会熟悉周围的环境，并形成一种惯例”，B项“The
Adjustment
Stage(调整阶段)”切题。且该项与前后段的首句相吻合。故选B。
5.
F【解析】该空下一句提到“你可以自信地说并理解大多数英语口语”，F项“You’re
no
longer
distressed
by
cultural
differences(你不再为文化差异而苦恼)”切题。故选F。Unit
1
Back
to
school
1.1
Welcome
to
the
unit
&Reading
重点词汇
1.
__________
n.
潜力；可能性
adj.
潜在的；可能的2.
__________
adj.
中学的；级别高的；高水平的；老年的
n.
级别（或地位）较高者3.
__________
vt.
&
n.
挑战；质疑4.
__________
adj.
积极乐观的；良好的；正面的5.
__________
n.
机会，时机6.
__________
vt.
获得，得到7.
__________
n.
努力，费力的事；试图8.
__________
n.
进步，进展；前进，行进
vt.
&
vi.
发展；进步9.
__________
adj.
令人大为惊奇的，令人惊叹的10.
__________
n.
信心，信任；把握11.
__________
n.
资源；资料；谋略12.
__________
n.
设备，设施；场所13.
__________
adj.
相同的，相等的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的
n.
同等的人（物）
vt.
与…相等；比的上14.
__________
n.
态度，看法15.
__________
vt.
同等重视；（使）保持平衡；权衡重要性
n.
均衡，平衡；平衡能力16.
__________
vt.
&
vi.
改进；改善17.
__________
n.
个人
adj.
单独的，个别的18.
__________
n.
品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字19.
__________
adj.
有责任，负责；可靠的20.
__________
adj.
为11或13岁以下儿童设立的；地位（或级别）低的；青少年的
n.
职位较低者；青少年运动员21.
__________
adj.
自主的，有主见的；自立的
重点词组
______________________
存在，在于2.
______________________
能够处理3.
______________________
起作用，有影响4.
______________________
充分利用，尽情享受5.
______________________
利用6.
______________________
最后但同样重要7.
______________________
盼望，期待
重点句型
1.
can’t
wait
to
do
sth2.
find+宾语+宾补3.
表语前置倒装
【重点词汇】
1.
potential
2.senior
3.challenge
4.positive
5.opportunity
6.acquire
7.effort
8.advance
9.
amazing
10.confidence
11.resource
12.facility
13.equal
14.attitude
15.
Balance
16.
improve
17.
individual
18.
character
19.
responsible
20.
junior
21.
independence
1.
【重点词组】
2.
lie
in
2.rise
to
3.make
a
difference
4.make
the
most
of
5.
take
advantage
of
6.
last
but
not
least.
7.
look
forward
to
词汇篇
1.
potential
potentials(复数)
potentially
adv.
潜在地
potent
adj.
有效的；强有力的
原文：Realizing
your
potential
挖掘你的潜能？(教材P2)
◆
adj.潜在的;可能的
n.可能性;潜在性;潜力;潜质
potential
customers
潜在的客户
a
potential
source
of
conflict
潜在的冲突根源
the
potential
for
change
变革的可能性
have
the
potential
to
do
sth.
有做某事的可能
【跟踪典例】
完成句子
①
First
we
need
to
identify
actual
and
_________________.
首先，我们需要弄清实际的问题和潜在的问题。
②All
children
should
be
encouraged
to
_______________________.
应当鼓励所有的儿童充分发挥他们的潜能。
③
He
_______________________
a
world-class
musician.
他有潜力成为世界级的音乐家。
【答案】
①
potential
problems
②
realize
their
full
potential
③
has
the
potential
to
become
2.
senior
junior
（反义词）
Welcome
to
senior
high
school!
欢迎来到高中！
(教材P2)
◆adj.中学的；级别(或地位)高的;
高级水平的;老年的
n.较…年长的人;级别(或地位)较高者;上级;上司;
高水平运动员
be
senior
to
比…
年长;比…
资深；比…
级别（地位）高
（be
junior
to
比…
年幼;
比…
资历浅；比…
级别（地位）低
）
be
senior
to
sb
by
…
years
比某人大…岁
senior
high
schools
高级中学
a
senior
officer/manager/lecturer,
etc.
高级军官、高级经理、高级讲师等
take
part
in
senior
competitions?参加成人比赛
②
Tickets
at
the
gate
are
$10,
$7
for
seniors.
【跟踪典例】完成句子
1
_______________________________.
他比我年长七岁。
2
Many?_________________?have
been
through?two?world?wars.?
许多年长的公民经历了两次世界大战。
【答案】
①
He
is
senior
to
me
by
seven
years.
②senior?citizens
3.
challenge
challenging
adj.
具有挑战性的；不赞成的
原文：
The
path
before
you
leads
to
a
world
full
of
challenges
前方的道路充满挑战
(教材P2)
◆n.
挑战；怀疑
vt.
向…挑战；对…质疑
an?exciting/interesting
challenge?令人激动的╱令人感兴趣的挑战
meet
the
challenge??迎接挑战；满足要求
rise
to
the
challenge??接受挑战，奋起应付挑战
challenge
sb
to
sth
向某人挑战…
challenge
sb
to
do
sth
向某人挑战做某事
a
challenging
and
rewarding
career
as
a
teacher?
富有挑战性且有意义的教师职业
【跟踪典例】
①Destruction
of
the
environment
is______________________?we
face.?
环境的破坏是我们所面临的最严峻的挑战之一。
②The
opposition
leader
____________________
call
an
election.?
反对党领袖要求首相宣布进行大选。?
③This?is?a?book?full
of?profound,?original,?and?_____________.?
这是一本充满高深、新颖且富有挑战性见解的书。
【答案】1.
one
of
the
most?serious
challenges
2.
challenged
the
prime
minister
to
3.
challenging?insights
4.
positive
negative
adj.消极的；否定的；阴性的
neutral
adj.
中立的；中性的
原文：However,
for
those
of
you
with
a
positive
mind,
opportunity
lies
in
each
challenge
.
然而，对于那些有积极心态的人来说，机会存在每一个挑战之中。(教材P2)
◆adj.积极乐观的;
正面的；表示赞同的;阳性的
n.优势;优点;
阳性结果(或反应)
have
a?positive
attitude?to（towards）…
对…持有乐观的态度
be
positive
about
…
对…乐观；对…
自信
on
the
positive
side?从好的方面看
positive
effects??积极的效果
①We?need
to?have?a?positive?attitude?even?in
the?face?of?difficulties.?
即使面临困难，我们仍需要保持积极的态度。
②She
tried
to
be
more
positive
about
her
new
job.?
她力求对新工作更有信心。
③On
the
positive
side?,
profits
have
increased.?
从好的方面看，利润增加了。
【跟踪典例】
完成句子
①We?must?______________?to?deal
with?the?problem.?
我们必须采取积极步骤处理这个问题。
②His
family
___________________
him.?
他的家庭对他有十分良好的影响。
③What
is
the
author's
attitude
towards
sth?
A.
positive
B.
negative
C.
neutral
D.
indifferent
(漠不关心的)
【答案】
①take?positive?steps
②has
a
very
positive
influence
on
5.
advance
advanced
adj.
adj.
先进的；高级的；晚期的；年老的
原文：…What
medicine
advances
you
will
make.你将会取得怎样的医学进步。(教材P3)
◆n.前进，行进;进步;进展
v.
前进，发展，进步;促进
in
advance??adv.
预先，提前
in
advance
of??超过；在…前
recent
advances
in
medical
science?医学的最新进展
advanced
technology??先进技术
advanced
stage?晚期；高级阶段
①They
had
advanced
20
miles
by
nightfall.?
夜幕降临时，他们已推进了20英里
②advance
our
understanding
of
language
learning
提高了我们对语言学习的认识
③There
were
only
three
of
us
on
the
advanced
course.?
只有我们三人学高级课程。
【跟踪典例】
①_______________?has
been?made?in
the?control?of
malaria.?
在控制疟疾方面已取得新的进展。
②Because?of?the?popularity?of?the?region,
it?is?advisable?to?book?hotels?or?camp
sites?___________.?
鉴于该地区的受欢迎度，事先预订旅馆或露营地是可取的。
③Students?are?asked?to
prepare?material________________?each?weekly?seminar.?
要求学生为每星期一次的研讨班预先准备好材料。
【答案】①A?
new?advance
②in
advance
?③in?advance?of
6.
amazing
amazed
adj.
感到惊叹的
amaze
vt.
使吃惊
amazingly
adv.
令人惊讶地；惊奇地
amazement
n.
惊异；惊愕
原文：…or
what
amazing
technologies
you
will
make.
或者你会创造出多么神奇的技术。(教材P3)
◆adj.令人大为惊奇的;令人惊喜的
where
amazing
happens??奇迹发生之地
an
amazing
achievement/discovery/success/performance?
惊人的成就╱发现╱成功╱表演
be
amazed
at
(by)
对…感到惊叹
to
one’s
amazement
让人感到惊叹的是
in
amazement
惊讶地
①
It
was?amazing?how?my?mother?coped
with?bringing
up?three?children?on?less
than?thirty
dollars?a
week.?
让人惊叹的是我妈妈怎样以每周不到30美元的开销养大了3个孩子。
②We?were?amazed?by?the
play's?success.?
我们惊叹该剧的成功。
③In?great?amazement,?the
teacher?looked
at?the
little?girl.?
老师惊奇地看着那个小女孩。
【联想助记】
情感类动词
v＋ing
表示“使人感到....的”
v＋ed表示“感到.....的”
Eg:
excite/exciting/excited
disappoint/
disappointing/
disappointed
move/
moving/
moved
surprise/
surprising/
surprised
【跟踪典例】
①_______________________________________
我对那个令人感到惊叹的消息感到很惊叹
②You?_________________?your?thoughts.?
您会为自己的想法感到吃惊的。
③She?stared
at?him?________________.?
她睁大眼睛惊讶地注视着他
【答案】①I
am
amazed
at
the
amazing
news.
②will?be?amazed?by
③in?wide-eyed?amazement
7.
confidence
confident
adj.自信的;
有把握的
confidently
adv.
自信地；安心地
confidential
adj.
秘密的；机密的
self-confidence
n.
self-confident?
原文：…
And
I
have
confidence
in
your
ability
to
make
a
difference
to
your
family.
我相信你有改变你家庭的能力。(教材P3)
◆n.信心;信任;把握;
have
confidence
in
=
have
belief
in
对…有信心
gain
confidence
获得自信
be
confident
in/
of/
about?对…
有信心
①Confidence?is?the?key?to?success.?
信心是成功的关键。
②The
teacher
wants
the
children
to
be
confident
about
asking
questions
when
they
don't
understand.
教师要孩子们遇到不懂的问题就大胆提问
【跟踪典例】
①The
players
all?_______________?their
manager.?
队员都信赖他们的教练。
②He?______________
when
he
went
to
college.?
他上大学后增强了自信。
③I?have?every
reason?to_____________?our?victory.?
我有充分的理由坚信胜利是属于我们的。
【答案】①have
confidence
in
②gained
confidence?
?③be?confident?of
8.
equal
equally
adv.
同样地；相等地，平等地；公平地
equality?n.
?平等；相等
原文：Of
equal
importance
are
good
study
habits.
同样重要的是学习习惯。(教材P3)
◆adj.
(大小、数量、价值等)
相同的，同样的;
相等的;
平等的;
同等的;
(力气、勇气、能力等)
相当的;
能胜任的;
能应付的
n.
同等的人;
相等物;
v.
与…相等，等于;
比得上;
敌得过
be
equal
to
(doing)
sth
相等；胜任；合适
(做某事)
equal
rights/pay
平等的权利；同酬
on
equal
?terms
(with
sb)
（与某人）处于平等的地位
be
without
equal/
have
no
?equal
无与伦比；无敌；无比
2
plus
2
equals
4
2+2=4
equal
sb/
sth
in
(doing)
in
在(做)
某事方面逼得上，敌得过某人（某物）
equal
the
world
record.
平了世界纪录
①There
is
an
equal
number
of
boys
and
girls
in
the
class.?
这个班男女生人数相等。
②The
company
has
an?equal
opportunities?policy?(=
gives
the
same
chances
of
employment
to
everyone)?.?
这家公司的政策是人人机会均等。
③He
is
a
player
without
equal.?
他是个无与伦比的运动员。
④This
achievement
is
unlikely
ever
to
be
equalled.?
这一成就可能任何时候都没有能与之匹敌的。?
【跟踪典例】
①I
hope
that
he
proves
_____________the
challenge.?
我希望他最后能应付这一挑战。
②She
treats
the
people
who
work
for
her____________.?
她以平等的身份对待为她工作的人。
③Cooperation
_________
success.?
合作意味着成功。
【答案】①equal
to
②as
her
equals
③equals
9.
individual
individually
adv.
个别地，单独地
personal
adj.个人的；亲自的
原文：In
time
you
will
find
yourself
growing
into
a
well
–round
individual.
假以时日，你会发现自己成长为一个全面发展的人。(教材P3)
◆adj.
个人的；个别的；独特的
n.
个人，个体
individual
event
个人项目单项比赛个人单项
individual
difference
个体差异
individual
behavior
个人行为
donations
from
private
individuals
私人捐赠
What
can
you
do
as
an
individual?
作为个人你能做些什么呢？
10.
responsible
responsibility
n.
责任，职责；义务
duty
（同义词）n.责任；义务；本分
response
n.
响应；反应；回答
原文：…
yet
you
along
are
responsible
for
realizing
your
great
potential.
然而，你有责任实现你的巨大潜力。(教材P3)
◆adj.
负责的，可靠的；有责任的
比较级
more
responsible最高级
most
responsible
be
responsible
for
为…
负责；是……的原因
responsible
care
责任关怀义务关心
sense
of
responsibility
责任感，责任心
social
responsibility
社会责任
take
on
responsibility
承担责任
have/
take
responsibility
for
对…
有责任
It
is
one’s
responsibility
to
do
sth
做某事是某人的责任
①Even
where
parents
no
longer
live
together,
they
each
continue
to
be
responsible
for
their
children.?
即使父母不再共同生活，他们也要分别对子女负责。
②He
is
mentally
ill
and
cannot?be
held
responsible?for
his
actions.?
他有精神病，不能对自己的行为负责。
③It
is
their
responsibility
to
ensure
that
the
rules
are
enforced.?
他们有责任确保制度的执行
【跟踪典例】
①Cigarette
smoking
_______________
about
90%
of
deaths
from
lung
cancer.?
因患肺癌而死亡者，约90%是吸烟所致。
②It's
impossible?to
hold?any?______________.?
不可能让任何个人承担责任。
③I
don't
feel
ready?to
__________________?.?
我不愿意承担新的责任。
【答案】①is
responsible
for
②individual?responsible
③take
on?new?responsibilities
10.
independent
depend
vi
依赖，依靠；取决于
dependent
adj.依靠的；取决于…的
dependently
adv.依赖地
dependence
n.
依赖；依靠
independently
adv.
独立地
independence
n.
独立
（注意构词法）
原文：I’m
looking
forward
to
be
more
independent….我期待变得更加独立。(教材P5)
◆adj.
自主的，有主见的；自立的
be
independent
of
不依赖…的；不受…支配的
an
independent
inquiry/witness
独立的调查；无偏见的证人
financially
independent
经济独立
The
Independence
Day
独立日
independence
study
自主学习
School
spirit:
the
spirit
of
independence,
freedom
of
thought.
学校精神：独立之精神，自由之思想
①We're
going?independent?from
the?university?and?setting
up?our?own?group.?
我们将从大学独立出去，成立我们自己的集团。
②She?would
like?to
be?more?financially?independent.?
她想要在财政上更加独立。
③A
good?teacher?encourages?independence?of?thought.?
好的教师鼓励独立思考。
【跟踪典例】完成句子
①Now
that?you?are
a?college
student,?you?should?learn
to?________________
your?parents'
help.?
既然你已是个大学生了，就应当学着独立，不靠父母的帮助。
②He?came?to
symbolize?his
country's?________________.?
他逐渐成为祖国为争取独立而斗争的象征。
【答案】①be?independent?of?
②struggle?for?independence
句型篇
1.
can’t
wait
to
do
sth
原文：
I
can’t
wait
to
describe
you
what
senior
high
school
life
is
like.我迫不及待的要向你描述高中生活是什么样子。(教材P2)
【句式分析】
can’t
wait
to
do
sth
表示
“迫不及待做某事”。表示“渴望，迫切做某事”的意义的其他表达方式：
be
eager
to
do
sth;
be
thirsty
to
do
sth;
be
dying
to
do
sth;
long
to
do
sth;
desire
to
do
sth;
be
anxious
to
do
sth;
be
keen
to
do
sth.
①They?were?eager?for
a?second?bite
of
the?cherry.?
他们渴望能得到第二次机会。
②He?was?anxious?to?preserve?his?reputation.?
他急于维护自己的名声。
【跟踪典例】
①The
young
man
always
feels
___________
to
acquire
new
knowledge
and
skills.
这个年轻人总是渴望获得新的知识技能
②
I
______________
my
old
friend.
我迫不及待的想要见到我的老朋友。
【答案】①thirsty
②
can’t
wait
to
see
3.
find+宾语+宾补
原文：
In
time
you
will
find
yourself
growing
into
a
well
–round
individual.
假以时日，你会发现自己成长为一个全面发展的人。(教材P3)
【句式分析】
此处为“find
+宾补+宾补结构”，其中做宾补的为现在分词。“find+宾语+宾补”这一结构中的宾语补足语可以由现在分词、过去分词、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及不定式to
be等来充当。
①When
we
go
home
,
we
found
mother
waiting
for
us
to
have
dinner.
（主动）
②When
he
came
to
himself,
he
found
himself
surrounded
by
a
group
of
boys.?（被动）
③I
find
him
an
honest
man.
④When
I
got
home,
I
found
the
door
open.
⑤Did
you
find
him
in?
⑥I
hope
to
find
you
in
better
spirits
when
we
meet
again.?
⑦I
find
the
Chinese
people
to
be
happy
and
cheerful.?
【跟踪典例】完成句子
①He
found
himself
_____________
(lie)
in
the
hospital
bed
when
he
woke
up.
当他醒来时他发现自己躺在医院的床上。
②John
found
himself
_____________
(cheat).
by
his
classmates
and
got
annoyed.
John
发现自己被同学欺骗了，变得非常愤怒。
③We
found
what
he
said
____________.
我没发现他说的是事实。
【答案】
①lying
②cheated
③
to
be
true
4.
表语前置倒装
原文：Of
equal
importance
are
good
study
habits.
同样重要的是学习习惯。(教材P3)
【句式分析】
这是一个完全倒装句。主语是
good
study
habits,
are
是系动词,
of
equal
importance
是表语。为了保持句子结构平衡或强调表语，将表语置于句首，引起倒装。表语前置有以下几种形式：
①形容词做表语前置
Present
at
the
meeting
were
Professor
Smith
and
his
students.
②分词作表语前置
Gone
are
the
days
when
we
had
to
be
in
the
mercy
of
weather.
③介词短语做表语前置
On
the
second
floor
is
a
big
cinema.
【跟踪典例】
1.
______________
today
is
Tom
Tom今天没开上学
2.
______________
was
a
wallet.
地上躺了一个钱包。
3.
Attached
to
the
envelop
was
_______________
.
信封上贴着一张漂亮的邮票。
【答案】1.
Absent
from
class
2.
Lying
on
the
ground
3.
a
beautiful
stamp
I.
单词拼写
1.
If
you
(预测；预见)
something,
you
expect
and
believe
that
it
will
happen.
2.
Many
cancer
victims
can
be
(治愈)
if
the
disease
is
found
early
enough.
3.
If
we
can
(打败)
that
team,
we’ll
be
through
to
the
final.
4.
At
the
end
of
their
meeting,
it
was
(宣布)
that
an
agreement
had
been
reached.
5.
If
you
can’t
(处理)
the
job,
I
will
get
someone
else
to
do
it.
6.
I
find
it
unfair
to____________(指责)it
on
the
athletes.They
are
all
trying
their
best.
7.
Don’t
____________(暴露)
the
vegetables
to
the
sun
for
too
long,
or
they
will
get
dry.
8.
One
of
the
biggest
____________(挑战)the
government
is
now
faced
with
is
how
to
improve
the
air
quality.
9.
Each
chapter
____________(结束)
with
a
short
summary.
10.
Alice
looks
very
tired,
because
she
____________(照顾)her
sick
mother
for
three
whole
days.
11.
He
is
the
best___________
(内科医生)
in
this
hospital.
12.
Animal
lovers
have
long
___________(认为)
playing
with
pups
was
good
for
the
soul，and
now
science
has
confirmed
it.
Ⅱ.
单句语法
1.
As
is
known
to
all，Qi
Baishi
was
one
of
the
most
famous
____________(paint)
in
China.
2.
The
two
astronauts
will
carry
out
a
series
of
____________(science)experiments
in
spaceship.
3.
Her
____________(conclude)that
the
situation
would
never
improve
made
them
upset.
4.
I
feel
it
is
your
husband
who
is
____________
(blame)
for
the
spoiled
child.
5.
If
____________(expose)to
very
loud
music
every
day,
young
people
may
risk
going
deaf.
6.
.What
a
shame！Such
a
beautiful
place
was
so
seriously
____________(pollute).
7.
.Getting
your
children
to
stop
lying
is
____________
(challenge).There
are
many
influences
in
which
lies
are
common.
8.
But
for
your
____________(instruct),
I
wouldn’t
have
made
such
great
progress
in
so
short
a
time.Thanks
a
lot.
I.
阅读理解
A
On
October
31st,
2009,
Chinese
famous
scientist
Qian
Xuesen,
died
in
Beijing
when
he
was
98
years
old.
He
is
famous
as
“the
country’s
father
of
space
technology
and
king
of
rocketry”.
Qian
was
born
in
1911
in
Hangzhou.
He
left
for
the
United
States
after
winning
a
scholarship
to
graduate
school
in
1936.
He
studied
at
the
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology
and
later
at
the
California
Institute
of
Technology.
Qian
began
his
career
in
the
US
and
was
regarded
as
one
of
the
brightest
minds
in
the
new
field
of
aeronautics(航空学)
before
returning
to
China
in
1955.
After
he
returned,
Qian
set
up
the
first
missile(导弹)and
rocket
research
institute(学院)
of
China.
The
institute
later
helped
start
Chinese
space
program.
He
led
the
development
of
China’s
first
nuclear?armed
ballistic
missile
(弹道导弹)
and
worked
on
its
first
satellite.
He
retired
in
the
year
before
Chinese
manned
space
program
was
launched
in
1992.
But
his
research
formed
the
basis(形成基础)for
the
Long
March
CZ?2F
rocket
that
carried
astronaut
Yang
Liwei
into
orbit
in
2003.
In
August,
2009,
Chinese
Premier
Wen
Jiabao
visited
Qian
and
praised
him
for
devoting
his
life
to
Chinese
defense
technologies.
Qian
told
him,
“I’m
trying
to
live
to
be
100
years
old.”
1.
Qian
was
regarded
as
________
before
returning
to
China.
A.
the
father
of
space
technology
B.
king
of
rocketry
C.
one
of
the
brightest
minds
in
the
new
field
of
aeronautics
D.
one
of
the
best?known
scientists
2.
When
did
Qian
Xuesen
retire?
A.
In
1970.
B.
In
1991.
C.
In
1992.
D.
In
2009.
3.
What
does
the
underlined
word
mean
in
Chinese?
A.
发奖品.
B.
批评.
C.
赞扬.
D.
鼓励．
B
Philo
Farnsworth
is
not
a
name
most
people
know.
But
his
work
changed
the
way
we
learn,
the
way
we
live,
and
even
the
way
we
think.
Philo
Farnsworth
is
responsible
for
one
of
the
most
important
inventions
of
the
20th
century：television.
Philo
Farnsworth
was
born
in
America
in
1906.
He
was
interested
in
science
and
technology
at
an
early
age.
When
he
was
twelve
years
old,
he
built
an
electric
motor
for
his
family’s
washing
machine.
When
he
was
fourteen,
he
was
already
giving
a
lot
of
thought
to
electrons(电子).
As
he
was
driving
the
family’s
horse?drawn
plowing
machine,
he
noticed
the
evenly
spaced
rows
of
the
potato
fields.
This
sight
gave
him
the
idea
that
electrons
could
scan(扫描)an
image
one
row
at
a
time—an
idea
that
was
the
key
to
electronic
television.
By
the
time
he
was
twenty?one
years
old,
Farnsworth
had
started
his
own
company
and
had
managed
to
build
the
world’s
first
electronic
television.
It
was
a
very
simple
device(设备).
But
after
years
of
hard
work,
Farnsworth
was
able
to
introduce
the
kind
of
television
we
now
use.
Farnsworth
was
a
great
inventor,
but
he
lived
an
unhappy
life.
He
had
a
legal
battle
with
the
company,
Radio
Corporation
of
America(RCA)over
who
the
real
inventor
of
the
TV
was.
He__won__the__case,__but
the
government
stopped
companies
from
making
TVs
during
the
war,
so
Farnsworth
didn’t
make
much
money
from
the
invention.
When
Farnsworth
was
young,
he
imagined
television
as
a
convenient
way
for
distant
audiences
to
enjoy
lectures
by
famous
professors,
or
entertainment
by
the
best
symphonies(交响乐)and
ballets.
When
he
was
older,
television
became
much
more
popular,
but
he
was
very
disappointed
in
the
silly
programs
on
TV.
He
even
told
his
own
son,
“There’s
nothing
on
it
worthwhile,
and
we’re
not
going
to
watch
it
in
this
household.”
4.
What
can
we
learn
about
Philo
Farnsworth?
A．He
had
a
strong
physical
advantage.
B．He
had
strong
powers
of
observation.
C．He
had
a
strong
interest
in
journalism.
D．He
had
a
strong
sense
of
responsibility.
5.
The
underlined
sentence
showed
Farnsworth
was
legally
recognized
as________．
A.the
real
founder
of
RCA
B．the
real
inventor
of
the
TV
C．the
greatest
inventor
of
his
time
D．the
organizer
of
the
battle
with
RCA
6.
The
last
paragraph
mainly
tells
us
that
Farnsworth________．
A．didn’t
like
to
watch
TV
programs
B．couldn’t
afford
to
buy
a
TV
set
C．couldn’t
listen
to
famous
lectures
D．didn’t
like
what
television
became
7.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．How
did
Philo
Farnsworth
Invent
Television?
B．What
Caused
Philo
Farnsworth
to
Invent
Television?
C．Philo
Farnsworth:
the
Unhappy
Father
of
Television
D．Philo
Farnsworth:
a
Well?known
Scientist
and
Inventor
Ⅱ.
语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Once,
three
men
got
1.____________
(lose)
in
the
forest.
They
decided
they
would
stay
in
the
forest
until
they
found
2.____________
(they)
way.The
next
morning,
one
man
went
to
find
some
food.
Soon,
the
other
two
men
were
3.____________
(surprise)
to
find
him
back
with
a
deer
and
asked
how
he
got
the
deer,
the
man
replied,
“I
found
tracks,
I
followed
the
tracks,
and
I
got
a
deer.”
They
both
were
4.____________
(slight)
confused
because
he
had
no
weapons.
A
few
5.____________
(day)
later,
the
second
guy
went
in
search
6.____________
food
and
soon
came
back
with
a
deer
too.
The
other
two
asked
how
he
managed
7.____________
(get)
the
deer.
His
reply
was
8.____________
same
as
the
first
man’s.Then
it
was
the
turn
of
the
third
guy
to
search
for
food.
Many
hours
passed,
and
the
third
man
9.____________
(hold)
nothing
in
his
hands
came
back,
with
blood
on
his
face.
The
other
two
asked
him
10.____________
had
happened.
He
looked
at
them
and
replied,
“I
found
tracks,
I
followed
the
tracks,
and
I
got
hit
by
a
train.”
Ⅲ.
七选五
Any
woman
can
be
strong.I
don’t
just
mean
strong
in
mental
aspect.
1
You
may
think
that
strong
women
are
born,
not
made.
You
may
be
thinking
of
Olympic
weightlifters
lifting
dozens
of
kilos
over
their
heads,
or
of
bodybuilders
posing.
2
It
is
a
requirement
for
everyday
life.
Strength
is
what
you
need
if
you
carry
your
luggage.
You
need
to
be
strong
to
pick
your
child
up
off
the
floor.
And,
most
of
all—especially
as
you
get
older—you
need
strength
simply
to
stand
up
without
falling
over.
As
we
age,
we
progressively
lose
muscle
mass,
which
can
make
us
weaker.
3
We
might
have
trouble
going
up
and
down
steps,
picking
up
something
heavy,
even
standing
up
from
a
seat.
But
while
ageing
is
unavoidable,
building
muscle
through
strength
training
is
meaningful.
A
programme
that
is
becoming
more
and
more
commonly
used
is
Starting
Strength.
The
basic
Starting
Strength
programme
consists
of
four
different
lifts.
Trainees
learn
these
lifts
step
by
step.
4
Three
times
a
week
they
perform
three
of
the
lifts.
If
they
are
successful
in
a
period,
they
then
add
2.25kg
in
the
next
period.
But
barbell(杠铃)
lifting
doesn’t
just
offer
physical
strength;
it
also
gives
women
emotional
and
mental
confidence
.
5
A.
But
strength
is
not
just
about
appearances.
B.
I
mean
simply
being
able
to
fight
against
gravity.
C.
Being
strong
doesn’t
mean
having
a
strong
heart，either.
D.
However,
this
condition
can
be
improved
by
working
out.
E.
Most
people
begin
to
learn
the
lifts
using
an
empty
bar
weighing
20kg.
F.
In
daily
life，the
actions
we
take
for
granted
become
more
and
more
difficult.
G.
However
you
feel
about
your
body，you
can
become
the
strongest
version
of
yourself.
基础帮
Ⅰ.
单词拼写
1.
foresee
2.
cured
3.
defeat
4.
announced
5.
handle
6.
blame
7.
expose
8.
challenges
9.
concludes
10.
attended
11.
physician
12.
suspected
Ⅱ.
单句语法
1.
painters
2.
scientific
3.
conclusion
4.
to
blame
5.
exposed
6.polluted
7.
challenging
8.
instruction
能力帮
I.
阅读理解
A
【解题导语】
文章给我们介绍了著名科学家钱学森的生平、主要事迹和他的巨大贡献。
1．C
根据文章第三段Qian
began
his
career
in
the
US
and
was
regarded
as
one
of
the
brightest
minds
in
the
new
field
of
aeronautics(航空学)before
returning
to
China
in
1955.可知答案。
2．B
根据文章倒数第二段第一句He
retired
in
the
year
before
Chinese
manned
space
program
was
launched
in
1992.可知他是1991年退休。
3．C
解析：
词义猜测题。根据最后一段大意可推测praise为“赞扬”之意。
B
【解题导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章是对电视机的真正发明者Philo
Farnsworth的介绍。
4.
B
解析：推理判断题。由第二段的he
noticed
the
evenly
spaced
rows
of
the
potato
fields.This
sight
gave
him
the
idea
that...可知答案。
5.
B
画线部分的the
case指代上文的a
legal
battle
with
the
company...(RCA)over
who
the
real
inventor
of
the
TV
was，由此可知，赢了案件的Farnsworth被认定是电视机的真正发明者。
6.
D
由最后一段的he
was
very
disappointed
in
the
silly
programs
on
TV可知，电视节目后来的发展与Farnsworth最初的设想背道而驰；再由他说的There’s
nothing
on
it
worthwhile
可知，他不喜欢后来电视所变成的样子。
7.
C
解析：标题归纳题。本文旨在介绍电视机的真正发明者Philo
Farnsworth，再由倒数第二段的he
lived
an
unhappy
life可知，C项作标题符合文意。
Ⅱ.
语法填空
1.
lost
考查过去分词作表语的用法。get
lost意为“迷路”。
2.
their
考查代词。设空处作定语修饰way，表示“他们的”，故填their。
3.
surprised
考查形容词作表语的用法。设空处作表语，表示“感到惊讶的”，故填surprised。
4.
slightly
考查副词。设空处作状语，修饰confused，故填slightly。
5.
days
考查名词复数。day是可数名词，因其前有A
few限定，应用复数形式，故填days。
6.
of
考查固定结构。in
search
of意为“寻找”。
7.
to
get
考查不定式作宾语的用法。manage
to
do
sth.意为“设法做某事”。
8.
the
考查定冠词。the
same
as...意为“和……一样”。
9.
holding
考查动词?ing形式作定语的用法。设空处作后置定语修饰man，因man与hold之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且hold所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，故填holding。
10.
what
考查连接词。设空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，指事情，故填what。
Ⅲ.
七选五
语篇解读
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过力量和肌肉锻炼，每位女性都可以变得强健有力。
1.答案
B
根据空前句“I
don’t
just
mean
strong
in
mental
aspect.”可知，强健并不仅仅意味着在精神层面上的强健。根据行文逻辑可知，设空处应是对strong的解释，且与空前句表达的意思相对。。
2.答案
A
设空处位于段首，承接上段并开启下文。上段末尾提到了举重运动员举重和健美爱好者摆姿势展示肌肉的场景，这些都是表面可以看出来的力量，A项中的“not
just
about
appearances”是对此的承接，且根据本段中的“Strength
is
what
you
need
if
you
carry
your
luggage.”和“need
strength”可知答案。
3.答案
F
设空处位于段中，应为过渡句，起承上启下的作用。空前句“As
we
age，we
progressively
lose
muscle
mass，which
can
make
us
weaker.”指出随着年龄的增长，我们会逐渐失去力量，这让我们变得越来越弱。空后句举例说明了我们的某些日常行动变得困难。
4.答案
E
设空处位于段中，衔接上下文。根据本段内容可知，本段与“four
different
lifts”有关。再由空前的“step
by
step”和下文的“in
the
next
period”可知，设空处应该是介绍举重的第一阶段。
5.答案
G
设空处位于段尾，起总结作用。上文提到了举杠铃的好处，根据行文逻辑可知，此处应总结其好处。Unit
1
Back
to
school
1.3
Integrated
skills
&extended
reading
&
project
重点词汇
1.
__________
n.
焦点，重点
vt.
&
vi.
集中
2.
__________
n.
细节；具体情况
3.
__________
vt.
以…为基础（根据）
n.
根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营
4.
__________
vt.
提醒；使想起
5.
__________
n.
提议，建议，动议
6.
__________
n.
风格；方式；样式
7.
__________
n.
技巧；技艺；技能
8.
__________
adj.
职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的
n.
专门人员，专业人士
9.
__________
n.
材料；素材
adj.
物质的，实际的；客观存在的
10.
__________
adj.
中学的；次要的
11.
__________
n.
&
vt.
交换；交流；兑换
12.
__________
n.
生物学
13.
__________
adj.
艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的
14.
__________
n.
贡献；捐款；捐赠
15.
__________
adv.
幸运的；辛亏
16.
__________
n.
可选择的事物，选择；选修课
17.
__________
vt.
吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起（反应）
重点词组
______________________
集中（注意力，精力）于…
2.
______________________
由于
3.
______________________
坚持；固守；维持
4.
______________________
随着时间流逝
5.
______________________
注意
6.
______________________
成为现实
7.
______________________
在很多方面
8.
______________________
放弃
重点句型
1.
过去分词作状语
2.
so…that…
引导结果状语从句
【重点词汇】
focus
2.detail
3.base
4.remind
5.proposal
6.style
7.technique
8.professional
9.
material
10.secondary
11.exchange
12.biology
13.tough
tribution
15.
fortunately
16.option
17.
attract
【重点词组】
focus
on
2.as
a
result
of
3.stick
to
4.over
time
5.
pay
attention
to
6.
come
true
7.
in
many
ways
8.
give
up
词汇篇
1.
proposal
propose
vt.
提议；建议
suggestion
/
recommendation
/
advice
（同义词）
原文：Proposal
for
a
new
club成立新俱乐部的提议
(教材9)
◆
n.
提议，建议，动议；求婚
put
forward/
come
up
with
a
proposal
提出建议
make
a
proposal
提出建议；求婚
propose
(doing)
sth.
提议(做)某事
propose
that
…
（should）do
提议/建议…做
①How?could?you?make?a?proposal?without?a?ring??
你怎么可以去求婚而不带上戒指呢？
②He?was?the
first?person?to?propose?the?construction?of?the
bridge.?
他是第一个提议建这座桥的人。
③She
proposed
that
the
book
should
be
banned.?
她提议查禁这本书
【跟踪典例】
完成句子
①He?__________________?which?was
worth?consideration.?
他提出一项值得考虑的建议
②_________________?pay
the
money
from
public
funds.?
有人提议用公款支付这笔钱。
③His
proposal
that
the
system
_______________
was
rejected.?
他提的关于修改制度的建议被拒绝了。?
【答案】
①
put?forward?a?proposal
②
It
was
proposed
to
③
should
be
changed
2.
aim
purpose
n.
/
intent
(intention)/
target
v/
n
(同义词)
原文：Club
aim:
To
improve
short
story
writing
skills!
俱乐部目标：提高短片小说的写作技能。
(教材P9)
◆n.目的;目标;瞄准
v.
力争做到;目的是;旨在;瞄准;针对
take
aim
at
sb/sth
把目标对准某人（或某事物）
with
the
aim
of
为了…
aim
at
sth/
doing
sth
对准，瞄准；目标是
（做某事）
be
aimed
at
以…
为目标
aim
to
do
sth
立志做某事；意欲做某事
①Take?careful?aim?at?the?target?before?firing.?
开火之前仔细瞄准目标
②They?aim?at?improving?quality?rather?than?increasing?quantity.?
他们的目的在于提高质量而不是增加数量。
③Criticism?should?be?aimed?at?helping
those?criticized.?
批评应该是与人为善的批评。
【跟踪典例】完成句子
We?teenagers?should_______________?something?useful?to
the?society.?
我们青年人应该以为社会做贡献为目标。
What?________________?in?New?Year??
在新的一年里你的目标是什么？
③
She?went
to?London?__________________
a?job.?
她去伦敦是为了找工作。
【答案】
①
?aim?at?contributing
②do?you?aim?to?do
③with?the?aim?of?finding
3.
exchange
原文：
I
hadthe
chance
to
study
at
a
British
secondary
school
as
an
exchange
student.
我有机会作为交换生在英国的一所中学学习
(教材P11)
◆n.
交换；交流；交易
vt.
交换；交易；兑换
exchange
sth
for
sth
以某物交换某物
exchange
sth
with
sb
和某人交换某物
make
an
exchange
交换
in
exchange
for
以…
交换…
①Juliet
and
David?exchanged
glances?(=
they
looked
at
each
other)?.?
朱丽叶和戴维相互看了看对方。
②I
shook
hands
and
exchanged
a
few
words
with
the
manager.?
我与经理握手，相互交谈了几句。?
③Would
you
like
my
old
TV?in
exchange
for?this
camera??
用我的旧电视机换这架照相机，你愿意吗？
【跟踪典例】
①I’ve
never
______________________?those
moms.?
我从来没和那些妈妈们说过话。?
②Would?you?like?my?old?TV?______________________________??
用我的旧电视机换这架照相机，你愿意吗？
【答案】①exchanged
words
with
②in?exchange?for?this?camera
4.
alarm
alarming
adj.
令人担忧的，令人恐惧的
alarmed
adj.
担忧的；恐惧的
原文：I
liked
it
so
much
that
I
still
use
it
as
my
alarm.
我是那么喜欢它以至于我仍然通它做闹铃。(教材P11)
◆
n.闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器
vt.
使恐慌，使害怕
raise/
sound
the
alarm
拉响警报
in
alarm
惊恐地
be
alarmed
at/
by
对…惊恐/
担忧
be
alarmed
to
do
sth
害怕做某事
①When
I
saw
the
smoke,
I
tried
to
sound
the
alarm.?
看到烟后，我就设法发出警报。
②What?have?you?done?'?Ellie?cried?in?alarm.?
“你都干了些什么？”埃利惊恐地喊道。
③The?disease?has?spread?at?an?alarming?rate.?
这种疾病已经以惊人的速度传播开来。
【跟踪典例】
完成句子
①__________________
in
the
middle
of
the
night?.
?
半夜里一辆汽车的警报器突然响了起来
②She?shrieked____________?when?she?saw?the
mouse.?
她看见老鼠时惊恐地尖声喊叫起来。
③Our?countryside?is
disappearing?_________________.?
我们的农村地区正在以惊人的速度消亡。
【答案】
①A
car?alarm
went
off?
②in?alarm
③at?an?alarming?rate
5.
contribution
contribute
vt.
贡献；捐赠；投稿
contributor
n.
贡献者；投稿者；捐助者
原文：…But
I
could
not
make
much
of
a
contribution.
…
但是我能做的贡献不多
(教材P11)
◆n.贡献；捐赠；捐款；投稿
contribute
to
有助于；导致，促成；
contribute
…
to
…
向…
投稿/
捐赠
make
(great)
contributions
to
对…做出(巨大的)贡献
①We
contributed
￡5
000
to
the
earthquake
fund.?
我们向地震基金捐赠了
5
000
英镑。
②The?three?sons?also?contribute?to?the
family?business.?
3个儿子也为家族企业做贡献。
③?Learning
English?makes?contributions?to?one's?development?to?some
extent.?
英语也为个人发展做出一定得贡献。
【跟踪典例】
①We're
not?saying
that?everyone?needs
to?___________________________.?
我们并不是要每个人都必须为穷人奉献生命。
②I?believe
that?each?of?us?can?______________
the?future?of?the?world.?
我相信我们每一个人都能为世界的未来做出贡献。
②I?persuaded
myself
that?I
could?_______________________________.?
我相信我能为祖国作出贡献。
【答案】①contribute?their?lives?to?the
poor
②contribute?to?
③make?contributions?to?the
motherland
6.
fortunately
fortune
n.
财富；命运；运气
fortunate
adj.
adj.
幸运的;吉利的
misfortune
n.
不幸
unfortunate
adj.
unfortunately
adv.
原文：Fortunately,
my
teachers
and
classmates
were
always
helpful
and
gave
me
lots
of
encouragement.
幸运的是，我的老师和同学们一直乐于助人，给了我很多鼓励。
（教材P12）
◆adv.
幸运的；辛亏
make
a
fortunate
发财
try
one’s
fortunate
碰运气
be
fortunate
in
在某方面幸运
be
fortunate
to
do
sth.
有幸做某事
①I?was
late,?but?fortunately?the
meeting?hadn't?started.?
我迟到了，不过幸好会议还没有开始。
②I?was?fortunate?to?be?one
of?the?lucky?user.?
我有幸成为幸运网友之一。
③We?became?companions
in?misfortune.?
我们成了患难之交。
句型篇
1.
过去分词作状语
原文：
Instead,
you
should
set
goals
based
on
your
abilities
and
skills.相反，你应该根据你的能力和技能来设定目标。(教材P7)
【句式分析】
本句中“based
on
your
abilities
and
skills”是过去分词作方式状语。过去分词作状语，在意义上相当于一个状语从句。可以表示时间，原因，条件，让步，结果等。
①Asked
(When
he
was
asked)
what
had
happened,
his
face
turned
red.
（时间状语）
当他被问及发生了什么的时候，他的脸红了。
②Frightened
(Because
she
was
frightened)
by
the
horror
movie,
the
girl
didn't
dare
to
sleep
alone.
（原因状语）
因为被惊悚电影吓坏了，这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。
③Grown
(If
these
seeds
are
grown)
in
rich
soil,
these
seeds
can
grow
fast.
（条件状语）
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
④Left
(Although
he
was
left)
at
home,
John
didn't
feel
afraid
at
all.
（让步状语）
虽然John被单独留在房间里,
他一点都不害怕。　　
⑤She
walked
out
of
the
house,
(and
she
was)
followed
by
her
little
daughter.
（伴随状语）
她走出房子，后面跟着她小女儿。
【跟踪典例】
①_________________,
water
changes
into
steam.
当加热时，水变成水蒸气。
②
________________what
he
did
(Because
the
teacher
was
satisfied
with...),
the
teacher
praised
him
in
class.
由于老师对他所做的事情很满意，于是在班上表扬了他。
③______________
in
rich
soil,
these
seeds
can
grow
fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
④________________
a
hundred
times,
he
still
can’t
understand
it.
即使给他解释一百篇，她还是不会明白。
⑤She
sat
by
the
window,
______
in
thought.
【答案】①When
heated
②Satisfied
with
③Grown
④Explained
⑤lost
2.
so…that…
引导结果状语从句
原文：
I
like
it
so
much
that
I
still
use
it
as
my
alarm！我是那么的喜欢它以至于我仍然拿它当闹钟！(教材P11)
【句式分析】
本句中“so…that…”意为
“如此…以至于…”so是副词，修饰形容词或副词；that引导结果状语从句。具体形式如下：
so
+
adj./adv
+
that
从句
so
+adj.+
a/an+
可数名词单数
+
that
从句
so
+
many/
few/
much/
little
+
可数名词复数/
不可数名词
+
that
从句
①The
stone
is
so
heavy
that
I
can‘t
lift
it
up.
②This
is
so
important
a
meeting
that
you
should
attend
it.
③There
were
so
many
people
in
the
street
watching
the
fire
that
firefighters
could
not
get
close
to
the
building.
备注：
so
that
也可以连在一起使用；可引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句；引导目的状语从句相当于
“in
order
that”
①She?burned?the
letters?so?that?her?husband?would
never?read?them.
②You've
adjusted?the?microscope?so?that?it?reflects!?
such…
that…
中such
常用来修饰名词，具体形式如下：
such
+
a/an
+
adj.
+
可数名词单数
+
that从句
such
+
adj.
+
不可数名词
+
that从句
such
+
adj.
+
可数名词复数
+
that从句
①She
is
such
a
good
teacher
that
all
of
us
love
and
respect
her.
②It
was
such
bad
weather
that
I
had
to
stay
at
home.
③They
are
such
interesting
books
that
I
want
to
read
them
once
more.
【跟踪典例】翻译句子
他是如此聪明的一个孩子以至于老师们都很喜欢他
①
_________________________________________
②
_________________________________________
【答案】
①He
is
so
clever
that
teachers
like
him
very
much.
②He
is
such
a
clever
boy
that
teachers
like
him
very
much.
I.
单词拼写
1.
We'd
better?discuss?everything?in?__________
(细节)?before?we?work
out?the?plan.
2.
The?photos
__________
(提醒)??us?that?we?all?appreciate?beauty.
3.
Your?_________
(建议)?is
being?actively?considered.?
4.
This??_________
(技能)?is?useful?but?it?has?its
limitations.?
5.
His?_________
(职业的)?career?started
at?Colgate?University.
6.
A?distinction?should
be?made
between
the?primary?and??_________
(次要的)tasks.
7.
We?need
to?promote?an
open???_________
(交流)of?ideas?and?information.
8.
She?had?a?pretty??_________
(艰难的)?childhood.
9.
He?made
a
very
positive?_________
(贡献)?to
the?success?of?the?project.
10.
_________
(幸运的是)
,?she?knew?at
once?what?to
do.?
11.
I
would?unhesitatingly?choose?the
latter?_________
(选择).
12.
Films?with?big?stars?always??_________
(吸引)great?attention.
Ⅱ.
单句语法
____________
the
basis
of
practice,
this
theory
was
generally
accepted.
The
volunteers
tried
to
calm
the
____________
(alarm)
children
down.
I
did
some
housework
for
him
in
exchange
____________
three
means
a
day.
____________
(attract)
by
the
sweet
voice,
I
walked
into
the
old
house.
His
____________
(contribute)
to
the
world
was
really
admirable.
His
____________
(propose)
was
refused
by
his
boss,
which
made
him
a
little
sad.
The
girl
does
three
part-time
jobs
aiming
___________
(pay)
off
her
school
loan.
My
mother
often
remind
me
___________
(mind)
my
manners
in
public.
The
old
man
fell
down.
____________
(fortunate),
some
passengers
helped
him.
Whatever
happens,
he
will
stick
__________
his
goal
of
entering
a
top
university.
I.
阅读理解
A
As
a
summer
job，
I
used
to
do
housework
for
Mr．
Fleagle．
When
I
entered
his
house，
I
saw
that
books
were
piled
up
（堆积）
like
a
small
hill．
It
was
like
a
library，
except
with
no
order
to
the
arrangement．
"Read，
borrow，
keep，
or
find
something
you
like．
What
do
you
read？"
Mr．
Fleagle
said．
"I
don't
know．"
And
I
didn't．
I
generally
read
what
was
in
front
of
me，
so
I
started
to
look
through
the
piles
of
books．
I
asked
him
to
choose
a
book
for
me．
"You
really
read
all
of
these？"
I
asked．
"These
aren't
many，"
Mr．
Fleagle
said．
"
They
are
nothing，
just
what
I've
kept，
the
ones
worth
looking
at
a
second
time．"
After
a
moment，
he
handed
me
a
dark
red
hardcover
book，
fairly
thick．
I
started
to
read
the
book
after
finishing
housework，
sitting
outdoors
on
an
uncomfortable
kitchen
chair．
Translated
from
French，
the
language
was
simple，
impossible
to
resist
（抵挡）．
When
the
evening
light
finally
failed，
I
moved
inside
and
read
all
through
the
night．
Thirty
years
later，
I
still
remember
the
experience．
It
was
my
first
connection
（联系）
with
the
world
literature，
and
I
was
amazed
by
the
connected
power
a
novel
could
contain．
All
in
all，
a
book，
if
it
arrives
before
you
at
the
right
moment，
in
the
proper
season，
will
change
the
way
of
all
that
follows．
1.
The
writer
thought
that
Mr．
Fleagle
was
______
．
A.
strict
and
selfish
B.
honest
but
rude
C.
warm-hearted
and
friendly
D.
strong
but
lazy
2.
From
the
underlined
sentence，
we
can
infer
that
Mr．
Fleagle
______
．
A.
read
all
the
books
twice
B.
read
more
books
than
he
kept
C.
didn't
do
much
reading
D.
liked
reading
foreign
books
3.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage？
______
A.
We
should
always
take
advice
from
others．
B.
Summer
jobs
are
really
good
for
young
people．
C.
A
good
book
can
change
the
direction
of
our
life．
D.
A
book
with
hardcover
is
usually
interesting
to
read．
B
Carlos
had
been
in
New
York
for
five
months
and
he
detested
it.
He
would
never
forget
the
day
when
the
plane
landed.
His
parents
had
big
smiles
on
their
faces
as
they
discussed
the
wonderful
new
life
they
would
have
in
this
great
city.
His
older
sister
and
brother
stared
in
wonder
and
excitement
at
the
buildings.
Uncle
Miguel
and
Aunt
Esperanza
thought
of
the
good
jobs
they
would
get.
?
?
Grandmother
and
Grandfather
told
him
what
a
lucky
boy
he
was
to
come
to
this
wonderful
city.
But
Carlos
was
lonely.
The
city
looked
big,
cold,
and
dirty
to
him.
?
?
They
lived
in
an
apartment(公寓)
in
Manhattan.
There
were
stores
and
cinemas
close
to
their
home.
But,
Carlos
didn't
want
these
things.
He
loved
his
home
in
the
country
in
Puerto
Rico;
he
loved
the
green
fields,
the
hot
sun,
and
the
lovely
beaches.
?
?
He
didn't
want
to
go
to
school
because
it
made
him
think
of
his
friends
at
home.
And
he
didn't
want
to
learn
a
new
language
that,
could
never
describe
the
world
as
beautifully
as
his
own.
?
?
He
began
to
go
down
to
the
dock(码头),
because
this
made
him
feel
closer
to
Puerto
Rico.
He
sat
down
and
watched
the
ships.
He
would
often
find
a
man
also
sitting
there
looking
at
the
sea.
The
man
was
Eric—a
taxi
driver
who
came
there
to
escape
from
the
noisy
traffic.
?
?
Eric
noticed
the
young
boy
and
felt
his
sadness.
One
day
he
said,
"Yes,
it's
hard
to
leave
your
homeland.
I
remember
when
I
left
Norway
15
years
ago,
I
know
it's
hard
to
start
a
new
life
in
a
new
country,
but
let's
face
it.
I
did
it,
and
you
can
do
it,
too."
?
?
From
then
on
the
taxi
driver
and
the
young
boy
began
to
develop
a
deep
friendship.
4.
The
underlined
Word
"detested"
in
Paragraph
1
probably
means
"______".
A.
forgot
B.
enjoyed
C.
hated
D.
missed
5.
According
to
the
text,?______.
A.
Carlos'
grandparents
were
afraid
of
the
traffic
in
New
York
B.
Carlos'
parents
were
looking
forward
to
the
life
in
New
York
C.
Carlos'
uncle
and
aunt
found
it
hard
to
get
jobs
in
New
York
D.
Carlos'
brother
and
sister
got
excited
at
the
schools
in
New
York
6.
Why
did
Carlos
feel
lonely?
A.
He
knew
nobody
around
his
apartment.
B.
No
one
went
to
the
movies
with
him.
C.
His
parents
left
him
alone
at
home.
D.
He
missed
his
life
in
Puerto
Rico.
7.
Eric
and
Carlos
became
friends
because
they
______.
A.
came
from
the
same
country
B.
faced
the
same
problems
C.
were
the
same
age
D.
both
hated
noise
Ⅱ.
语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nowadays,
it
is
common
that
more
and
more
high
school
students
open
their
own
microblog
on
the
Internet．For
one
thing,
it
can
provide
a
1.____________（
color）
platform
to
show
their
talent．
For
2.____________,
it
is
a
useful
way
to
release
their
pressure．
And
all
these
enable
it
to
gain
increasing
3.____________
（popular）
with
high
school
students．
However，
many
parents
and
teachers
hold
a
different
view．
They
think
that
managing
a
microblog
will
take
a
lot
of
time
and
energy，4.____________
should
be
concentrated
on
study．
I'd
like
to
give
my
5.____________（
approve）
for
this
activity．
Today
the
Internet
6.____________（
play）
an
important
role
in
our
life．
Therefore，
as
high
school
students
of
the
Information
Age，
we
need
to
learn
to
make
use
of
this
meaningful
tool
to
communicate
and
display
7.____________
（
we）．
What's
more，8.____________
（
open）
and
organizing
microblog
need
various
abilities
such
as
writing，
designing，
being
good
at
computer
skills
and
so
on．
Only
if
we
master
those
abilities
can
we
make
a
successful
microblog．
As
a
result，
we
improve
ourselves
while
9.____________（
run）
our
microblog．
In
fact，
the
microblog
itself
is
of
little
harm．
It
is
our
attitude
towards
it
that
10.____________（
count）．
We
should
make
the
most
of
it
and
avoid
some
bad
effects．
Ⅲ.
七选五
If
you
are
already
making
the
time
to
exercise,
it
is
good
indeed!
With
such
busy
lives,
it
can
be
hard
to
try
and
find
the
time
to
work
out.?
?(1)?
?Working
out
in
the
morning
provides
additional
benefits
beyond
being
physically
fit.
Your
productivity
is
improved.
Exercising
makes
you
more
awake
and
ready
to
handle
whatever
is
ahead
of
you
for
the
day.?
?(2)??
Your
metabolism
(新陈代谢)
gets
a
head
start.?
?(3)?
?If
you
work
out
in
the
mornings,
then
you
will
be
getting
the
calorie
(卡路里)
burning
benefits
for
the
whole
day,
not
in
your
sleep.
?
(4)?
?Studies
found
that
people
who
woke
up
early
for
exercise
slept
better
than
those
who
exercised
in
the
evening.
Exercise
energizes
you,
so
it
is
more
difficult
to
relax
and
have
a
peaceful
sleep
when
you
are
very
excited.
?
(5)?
?If
you
work
out
bright
and
early
in
the
morning,
you
will
be
more
likely
to
stick
to
healthy
food
choices
throughout
the
day.
Who
would
want
to
ruin
their
good
workout
by
eating
junk
food?
You
will
want
to
continue
to
focus
on
positive
choices.
There
are
a
lot
of
benefits
to
working
out,
especially
in
the
mornings.
Set
your
alarm
clock
an
hour
early
and
push
yourself
to
work
out!
You
will
feel
energized
all
day
long.
A.
You
will
stick
to
your
diet.
B.
Your
quality
of
sleep
improves.
C.
You
prefer
healthy
food
to
fast
food.
D.
There
is
no
reason
you
should
exercise
in
the
morning.
E.
You
can
keep
your
head
clear
for
4-10
hours
after
exercise.
F.
After
you
exercise,
you
continue
to
burn
calories
throughout
the
day.
G.
If
you
are
planning
to
do
exercise
regularly
,
or
you're
doing
it
now,
then
listen
up!
基础帮
Ⅰ.
单词拼写
1.detail
2.
remind
3.
proposal
4.
technique
5.
professional
6.
secondary
7.
exchange
8.
tough
9.
contribution
10.
Fortunately
11.
option
12.
attract
Ⅱ.
单句语法
On
2.
alarmed
3.
for
4.
Attracted
5.
contribution
6.proposal
7.
to
pay
8.
to
mind
9.
Foryunately
10.
to
能力帮
I.
阅读理解
A
【解题导语】本文属于记叙文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了Mr．Fleagle为作者推荐好书，改变了作者的态度．
1.?C．推理判断题．根据文章第二段Read，borrow，keep，or?find?something?you?like．What?do?you?read？"Mr．Fleagle?said可知他热情友好；故选C．
2.?B．句意理解题．根据文章第五段"These?aren't?many，"Mr．Fleagle?said．"They?are?nothing，just?what?I've?kept，the?ones?worth?looking?at?a?second?time可知意为弗利格尔先生读的书比他保存的要多得多；故选B．
3.?C．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段All?in?all，a?book，if?it?arrives?before?you?at?the?right?moment，in?the?proper?season，will?change?the?way?of?all?that?follows可知一本好书可以改变我们生活的方向；故选
C
B
【解题导语】文章讲述Carlos随家人从波多黎各搬到纽约，虽然家人都很憧憬纽约的新生活，但是Carlos却感到很孤单，不适应纽约的生活，怀念波多黎各，遇到了和他有着同样的问题的Eric以后，他们成为了好朋友。
4.?从第一段的句子：But
Carlos
was
lonely.
The
city
looked
big,
cold
and
dirty
to
him但是卡洛斯是孤独的。这个城市看起来又大又冷又脏。因此可推知他“厌恶”这里，故选C。
5.?从第一段的句子：His
parents
had
big
smiles
on
their
faces
as
they
discussed
the
wonderful
new
life
they
would
have
in
this
great
city.可知Carlos
的父母盼望在纽约的新生活，故选B。
6.?从第二段的句子：But
Carlos
didn't
want
these
things.
He
loved
his
home
in
the
country
in
Puerto
Rico;
he
loved
the
green
fields,
the
hot
sun,
and
the
lovely
beaches但卡洛斯不想要这些东西他。喜欢他在波多黎各的家；他喜欢绿色的田野、炙热的阳光和可爱的海滩。可以推断出Carlos感到孤单是因为他怀念在波多黎各的生活，选D。
7.?从文章第五段的句子：I
know
it's
hard
to
start
a
new
life
in
a
new
country,
but
let's
face
it.
I
did
it,
and
you
can
do
it,
too.可知Eric
和Carlos成为了好朋友因为他们面对同样的问题。选B。
Ⅱ.
语法填空
1．colorful/colourful．考查形容词．此处用形容词修饰
platform．
2．
another．考查代词及固定短语．for
one
thing，for
another意为"一方面，另一方面"．
3．
popularity．考查名词．根据前面的increasing可知这里要用名词popularity．
4．
which．考查定语从句引导词．这里是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是a?lot?of?time?and?energy，且从句缺少主语，因此要用which．
5．
appoval．考查名词．此处表示"我想批准这项活动"，根据前面的my可知这里要用名词形式．
6．plays/is
playing．考查时态．此处表示"今天互联网在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色"，由此可知要用一般现在时或现在进行时．
7．ourselves．考查代词．此处表示"展示我们自己"，因此用反身代词ourselves．
8．opening．考查动名词．此处用动名词跟后面的organizing?microblog作主语．
9．running．考查现在分词．通过分析可知这里要用非谓语动词作状语，这时run与we之间是主动关系，因此要用现在分词．
10．
counts．考查主谓一致．这里是一个强调结构，强调的是主语our?attitude?towards?it，且表示一般情况，因此谓语动词要用单数形式．
Ⅲ.
七选五
语篇解读:本文属于说明文，讲述的是早晨锻炼身体的好处，可以提高工作效率，加速新陈代谢，改善睡眠质量和养成规律的饮食习惯。
1.根据空前的内容"生活忙碌没有时间锻炼"和空后的内容"晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其他好处"，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G项中then
listen
up!（那么请仔细听！）很好的起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。
2.根据上一句Exercising
makes
you
more
awake（锻炼能让你更清醒），E项（你可以在运动后保持头脑清醒4-10个小时。）是对上一句的进一步解释，故选E。
3.空前句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句子说如果晨练，则你会一整天卡路里都在燃烧，F项（锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里。）是空后句子的根据，空后句子是对F项的进一步延伸。故选F。
4.根据此处缺一个主题句，空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B项（你的睡眠质量提高了。）是对后面内容的总述。故选B。
5.根据空后句子"If
you
work
out
bright
and
early
in
the
morning,
you
will
be
more
likely
to
stick
to
healthy
food
choices
throughout
the
day.（如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康的饮食。）"，A项（你将坚持你的饮食。）符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用。故选A。Unit
1
Back
to
school
单元检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
International
Horticultural
Exhibition
2019
Beijing
China
According
to
official
statistics，
over
110
nations
and
international
organizations，
over
120
unofficial
exhibitors，
as
well
as
31
Chinese
provinces，
autonomous
regions
and
municipalities，
together
with
Hong
Kong，
Macao
and
Taiwan
have
established
gardens
in
the
Expo
Park，
each
presenting
their
own
distinctive
gardening
and
horticulture（园艺学）．
Main
scenic
spots
include：
Core
Scenic
Area
---
International
Pavilion（展馆），
China
Pavilion，
Plant
Pavilion，
Horticultural
Experience
Pavilion
and
Guirui
Theater，
12
typical
sites，
International
Horticulture，
Chinese
Landscape
Horticulture，
Horticultural
Industry
Development
Belt，
Great
Master's
Garden，
and
Special
Gardens．
The
Exhibition
started
on
April
29
and
will
end
on
October
7，
2019，
lasting
for
162
days
and
spanning
three
seasons
including
spring，
summer
and
fall．
International
Horticultural
Exhibition
According
to
the
International
Exhibitions
Bureau，
the
world
exposition
can
be
divided
into
two
major
categories
based
on
their
nature，
scale
and
duration（持续时间）．
One
is
international
registered
exhibitions，
which
are
also
the
highest
level
of
expos
globally，
such
as
the
Shanghai
World
Expo
2010．
The
other
is
the
international
recognized
exhibitions
or
specialized
expos，
such
as
the
International
Horticultural
Exhibition
2019．
A
glance
at
A1-level
International
Horticultural
Exhibitions
The
International
Horticultural
Exhibition
（A1）is
a
horticultural
exhibition
of
the
highest
level
and
greatest
influence
with
AIPH's
approval
and
Bureau
of
International
Exposition's
recognition．
Beijing
is
the
second
Chinese
city
to
hold
the
A1-level
exhibition
following
Kunming
in
Yunnan
Province．
Cities
in
the
following
countries
have
also
held
the
highest-level
expo
in
the
world：
the
Netherlands，
Austria，
Germany，
France，
Canada，
the
U．K．，
Japan，
Thailand
and
Turkey．
Among
them，
the
Netherlands
has
held
six
A1
exhibitions
since
1960，
followed
by
Germany，
five．
1.
Different
gardens
and
pavilions
are
established
to
show
______
．
A.
the
highest
level
of
world
exposition
B.
special
skills
and
cultures
in
gardening
C.
greatest
influence
on
horticulture
D.
recognition
from
international
organizations
2.
The
underlined
word
"span"
is
closest
in
meaning
to
______
．
A.
explore
B.
spread
C.
include
D.
witness
3.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
NOT
right？
______
A.
The
International
Horticulture
Exhibition
2019
lasts
over
5
months．
B.
Kunming
is
the
first
city
to
hold
the
A1-level
exhibition
in
China．
C.
Germany
ranks
second
in
the
time
of
holding
A1-level
exhibition．
D.
Only
two
kinds
of
world
exhibition
are
held
according
to
the
IEB．
B
It
doesn't
interest
me
what
you
do
for
a
living．
I
want
to
know
what
you're
eager
for，
and
if
you
dare
to
dream
of
meeting
your
heart's
desire．
It
doesn't
interest
me
how
old
you
are．
I
want
to
know
if
you
will
risk
looking
like
a
fool
for
love，
for
your
dream，
for
the
adventure
of
being
alive．
It
doesn't
interest
me
what
planets
are
squaring
your
moon．
I
want
to
know
if
you
have
touched
the
center
of
your
own
sorrow，
if
you
have
been
opened
by
life's
betrayals（背叛）
or
have
become
depressed
and
closed
from
fear
of
further
pain!
I
want
to
know
if
you
can
sit
with
pain，
mine
or
your
own，
without
moving
to
hide
it
or
fade
it，
or
fix
it．
I
want
to
know
if
you
can
be
with
joy，
mine
or
your
own，
if
you
can
dance
with
wildness
and
let
the
wild
joy
fill
you
to
the
tips
of
your
fingers
and
toes
without
warning
us
to
be
careful，
to
be
realistic，
to
remember
the
limitations
of
being
human．
It
doesn't
interest
me
if
the
story
you
are
telling
me
is
true．
I
want
to
know
if
you
can
disappoint
another
to
be
true
to
yourself；
if
you
can
bear
the
scolding
of
betrayal
and
not
betray
your
own
soul；
if
you
can
be
faithless
and
therefore
trustworthy．
I
want
to
know
if
you
can
see
beauty
even
when
it's
not
pretty
every
day，
and
if
you
can
gain
your
own
life
from
its
presence．
I
want
to
know
if
you
can
live
with
failure，
yours
and
mine，
and
still
stand
on
the
edge
of
the
lake
and
shout
to
the
silver
of
the
full
moon，
"
_________"
while
failed．
It
doesn't
interest
me
to
know
where
you
live
or
how
much
money
you
have．
I
want
to
know
if
you
can
get
up，
after
the
night
of
sorrow
and
despair，
tired
and
hurt
to
the
bone，
and
do
what
needs
to
be
done
to
feed
the
children．
It
doesn't
interest
me
who
you
know
or
how
you
came
here．
I
want
to
know
if
you
will
stand
in
the
center
of
the
fire
with
me
and
not
shrink（退缩）
back．
It
doesn't
interest
me
where
or
what
or
with
whom
you
have
studied．
I
want
to
know
what
makes
you
continue
from
the
inside
when
all
else
is
away．
I
want
to
know
if
you
can
be
alone
with
yourself，
and
if
you
truly
like
the
company（伙伴）
you
keep
in
the
empty
moments．
4.
The
author
repeats
the
sentence
"It
doesn't
interest
me…"
to
______
．
A.
arouse
interest
and
emphasize
his
opinion
B.
present
his
opinions
one
after
another
C.
show
his
disinterest
in
others'
life
D.
display
his
excellent
writing
skills
5.
The
missing
sentence
in
paragraph
4
can
be
______
．
A.
No，
it's
not
fair．
B.
No，
it
can't
be
true．
C.
Yes，
I
can!
D.
Yes，
nothing
is
impossible!
6.
The
author
may
agree
with
the
following
opinions
EXCEPT
______
．
A.
Even
if
you're
laughed
at，
you'll
explore
the
possibilities
of
life．
B.
Even
if
you
suffer
a
lot，
you
can
live
with
suffering
and
still
enjoy
life．
C.
Even
if
you
are
betrayed，
you
still
like
the
company
you
have
kept．
D.
Even
if
you
experience
pain
and
sorrow，
you
still
bear
your
responsibilities．
C
Humans
are
social
animals．
They
live
in
groups
all
over
the
world．
As
these
groups
of
people
live
apart
from
other
groups，
over
the
years
and
centuries
they
develop
their
own
habits
and
ideas，
which
are
different
from
other
cultures．
One
important
particular
side
of
every
culture
is
how
its
people
deal
with
time．
Time
is
not
very
important
in
nonindustrial
（非工业的）
societies．
The
Nuer
people
of
East
Africa，
for
example，do
not
even
have
a
word
TIME
that
is
in
agreement
with
the
abstract
thing
we
call
time．
The
daily
lives
of
the
people
of
such
nonindustrial
societies
are
likely
to
be
patterned
around
their
physical
needs
and
natural
events
rather
than
around
a
time
schedule
（时间表）
based
on
the
clock．
They
cook
and
eat
when
they
are
hungry
and
sleep
when
the
sun
goes
down．
They
plant
crops
during
the
growing
seasons
and
harvest
them
when
the
crops
are
ripe．
They
measure
time
not
by
a
clock
or
calendar，
but
by
saying
that
an
event
takes
place
before
or
after
some
other
event．
Frequently
such
a
society
measures
days
in
terms
of
"sleeps"
or
longer
periods
in
terms
of
"moons"．
Some
cultures，
such
as
the
Eskimos
of
Greenland
measure
seasons
according
to
the
migration
of
certain
animals．
Some
cultures
which
do
not
have
a
written
language
or
keep
written
records
have
developed
interesting
ways
of
"telling
time"．
For
example，
when
several
Australian
aborigines
want
to
plan
an
event
for
a
future
time，
one
of
them
places
a
stone
on
a
cliff
or
in
a
tree．
Each
day
the
angle
of
the
sun
changes
slightly．
In
a
few
days，
the
rays
of
the
sun
strike
the
stone
in
a
certain
way．
When
this
happens，
the
people
see
that
the
agreed-upon
time
has
arrived
and
the
event
can
take
place．
In
contrast
（成对比），
exactly
correct
measurement
of
time
is
very
important
in
modern，
industrialized
societies．This
is
because
industrialized
societies
require
the
helpful
efforts
of
many
people
in
order
to
work．
For
a
factory
to
work
efficiently
（well，
quickly
and
without
waste），
for
example，
all
of
the
workers
must
work
at
the
same
time．
Therefore，
they
must
know
what
time
to
start
work
in
the
morning
and
what
time
they
may
go
home
in
the
afternoon．
Passengers
must
know
the
exact
time
that
an
airplane
will
arrive
or
depart．
Students
and
teachers
need
to
know
when
a
class
starts
and
ends．
Stores
must
open
on
time
in
order
to
serve
their
customers．
Complicated
（复杂的）
societies
need
clocks
and
calendars．
Thus，
we
can
see
that
if
each
person
worked
according
to
his
or
her
own
schedule，
a
complicated
society
could
hardly
work
at
all．
7.
By
saying
"Humans
are
social
animals"，
the
author
means
______
．
A.
they
live
all
over
the
world
B.
they
are
different
from
other
animals
C.
they
live
in
one
area
as
a
whole
D.
they
are
divided
into
many
groups
8.
Time
is
not
very
important
in
nonindustrial
societies
because
people
in
those
societies
______
．
A.
don't
have
the
word
TIME
in
their
languages
B.
don't
get
used
to
using
clocks
and
other
timepieces
C.
don't
measure
time
in
their
daily-lives
around
an
exact
time
schedule
D.
don't
need
to
plan
their
daily
lives
around
an
exact
time
schedule
9.
The
Australian
aborigines'
way
of
"telling
time"
is
based
on
______
．
A.
the
change
of
the
angle
of
the
sun
B.
the
change
of
the
weather
C.
the
position
of
the
stone
D.
the
position
of
the
tree
or
the
cliff
10.
Which
of
the
following
might
be
the
best
title
for
this
passage？
______
A.
Time
and
Culture
B.
The
Measurement
of
Time
C.
Time
Schedule
and
Daily
Life
D.
Clock，
Calendar
and
Society
Ⅱ.完形填空
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My
day
started
just
like
all
the
other
days．
I
left
for
the
train
station
at
7：35
to
arrive
at
work
by
8：30．
While
on
the
train
I
would
always
choose
a
seat
away
from
the
crowd
so
I
can
read
the
newspaper___1____
and
quietly．
I
didn't
know
why
but
for
some
reason
when
I
got
on
the
train
today
it
was
unusually
___2____．
I
sat
down
in
the
only
seat
available
beside
a
middle-aged
man
who
had
his
head
down
and
seemed
to
be
___3___
in
his
thoughts．
I
was
glad
that
he
didn't
notice
when
I
sat
next
to
him
because
he
just
___4___
to
look
down
towards
the
floor．
Shortly
after
the
train
left
I
found
myself
___5___
)what
could
be
so
important
that
he
didn't
even
see
me．
I
tried
to
forget
about
it．
However，
for
some
strange
reason
this
inner
___6___
kept
forcing
me
to
talk
to
this
man．
I
tried
to
ignore
the
voice
___7___
there
was
no
way
I
was
starting
a
conversation
with
a
complete
stranger．
Finally
I
___8___
and
came
up
with
an
excuse
to
ask
him
a
question．
When
he
___9___
his
head，
I
could
see
that
he
had
some
tears
rolling
down
the
side
of
his
face
___10___
his
feeble（微弱的）
attempt
to
wipe
them
away．
We
talked
for
about
20
minutes
and
in
the
end
he
seemed
to
be
doing
___11___．
Several
weeks
had
passed
when
I
noticed
an
unaddressed
___12___
on
my
desk
after
returning
from
lunch．
It
only
had
the
word
___13___written
on
it．
When
I
read
the
note
inside
the
envelope
I
was
so
filled
with
emotions
that
I
couldn't
___14___
myself．
It
was
a
letter
from
the
man
I
met
on
the
train
thanking
me
again
for
talking
to
him
and
___15___
his
life
that
day．
Apparently
he
had
some
very
hurtful
personal
problems
that
were
so
___16___
he
was
planning
to
take
his
life
that
day．
In
his
letter
he
explained
that
he
in
___17___
screamed
out
to
God
that
if
God
really
cared
about
him
he
would
___18___
someone
to
prevent
him
from
taking
his
life．
In
his
eyes
I
was
that
someone，
that
Angel
sent
by
God．
So
the
next
time
you
feel
prompted
（冲动）
for
no
___19___)
reason
to
talk
to
a
friend，
relative，
neighbor
or
even
a
complete
stranger，
please
remember
my
story．
You
just
may
make
a
___20___
in
someone's
life
when
you
listen
to
your
inner
voice．
1.
?A.
hopefully
B.
peacefully
C.
sincerely
D.
immediately
2.
?A.
full
B.
noisy
C.
clean
D.
empty
3.
?A.
disappointed
B.
employed
C.
occupied
D.
sunk
4.
?A.
decided
B.
hesitated
C.
began
D.
continued
5.
?A.
wondering
B.
realizing
C.
concluding
D.
discovering
6.
A.
voice
B.
enthusiasm
C.
memory
D.
love
7.
?A.
though
B.
as
C.
unless
D.
if
8.
?A.
broke
down
B.
broke
up
C.
broke
in
D.
broke
out
9.
A.
dragged
B.
shook
C.
bent
D.
raised
10.
?A.
in
case
of
B.
in
search
of
C.
in
defense
of
D.
in
spite
of
11.
?A.
weaker
B.
worse
C.
stronger
D.
better
12.
?A.
package
B.
present
C.
envelope
D.
directory
13.
?A.
Angel
B.
Colleague
C.
Companion
D.
Friend
14.
A.
contain
B.
excite
C.
embarrass
D.
upset
15.
?A.
taking
B.
changing
C.
improving
D.
saving
16.
?A.
convincing
B.
uncontrolled
C.
uncomfortable
D.
encouraging
17.
?A.
conclusion
B.
hopelessness
C.
power
D.
practice
18.
?A.
carry
B.
hire
C.
force
D.
send
19.
?A.
violent
B.
obvious
C.
disagreeing
D.
stupid
20.
A.
decision
B.
schedule
C.
difference
D.
reservation
Ⅲ.
七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Young
children
often
create
an
imaginary
friend．(1)
They
will
play
with
or
talk
to
the
imaginary
friend．
They
might
feed
him，
or
blame
him
if
a
misdeed
is
done．
It
is
quite
common
for
a
child
to
have
an
imaginary
friend，
and
it
does
not
mean
the
child
has
any
type
of
disorder．
(2)
The
imaginary
friend
opens
up
the
possibility
of
experiencing
all
kinds
of
fantasy（想象）．
The
friend，
or
imaginary
land
the
child
creates，
can
help
the
child
order
the
world
into
the
way
he
or
she
would
like
it．
In
some
cases，
an
imaginary
friend
is
a
response
to
stress
or
loneliness
in
the
home，
making
it
a
beneficial
coping
device．
Children
who
live
in
stressful
conditions
may
use
their
imaginations
for
wish
fulfillment
（实现）．(3)
Generally，
parents
should
not
be
concerned
about
a
child's
imaginary
friend，
especially
when
children
are
young．
(4)
For
example，
a
kindergartener
（上幼儿园的小孩）
that
continues
to
play
with
his
"friend"
rather
than
playing
with
other
children
may
need
a
little
help
in
adjusting
between
the
real
and
the
imagined．
Young
children
are
generally
quite
psychologically
healthy
when
creating
an
imaginary
friend．
Studies
further
show
that
such
children
may
increase
their
self-confidence
by
having
a
friend
who
treats
them
with
great
respect，
and
unconditional
love．
(5)
As
they
grow
up，
in
most
cases，
the
imaginary
friend
becomes
less
real，
though
the
friend
may
remain
a
treasured
memory
of
innocent
days．
A．
They
may
treat
the
friend
in
quite
a
real
way．
B．
A
child
who
is
lonely
may
need
a
friend
to
play
with．
C．
Children
will
attempt
to
tell
fantasy
and
reality
apart．
D．
An
imaginary
friend
helps
children
to
express
their
creativity．
E．
Surprisingly，
imaginary
friends
don't
necessarily
disappear
when
childhood
ends．
F．
Concern
should
arise
when
the
friend
prevents
the
child
from
making
real
friends．
G．
Parents
often
find
it
difficult
to
persuade
their
child
to
quit
having
their
imaginary
friends．
Ⅳ.语法填空
In
much
of
Asia，especially
the
so-called"rice
bowl"cultures
of
China，Japan，Korea，1.
Vietnam，food
is
usually
eaten
with
chopsticks．
Chopsticks
are
usually
two
long，thin
pieces
of
wood
or
bamboo．They
can
also
be
made
of
plastic，animal
bone
or
metal．Sometimes
chopsticks
are
quite
artistic．Truly
elegant
chopsticks
might2.
（make）of
gold
and
silver
with
Chinese
characters．Skilled
workers
also
combine
various
hardwoods
and
metal
3.
（create）special
designs．
The
Chinese
have
used
chopsticks
for
five
thousand
years．People
probably
cooked
their
food
in
large
pots，
4.
（use）twigs（树枝）to
remove
it．Over
time，5.
)
the
population
grew，people
began
cutting
food
into
small
pieces
so
it
would
cook
more
quickly．
Food
in
small
pieces
could
be
eaten
easily
with
twigs
which
6.
（gradual）turned
into
chopsticks．
Some
people
think
that
the
great
Chinese
scholar
Confucius，7.
lived
from
roughly
551
to
479
B．C．，influenced
the
8.
（develop）of
chopsticks．Confucius
believed
knives
would
remind
people
of
killings
and9.
（be）too
violent
for
use
at
the
table．
Chopsticks
are
not
used
everywhere
in
Asia．In
India，for
example，most
people
traditionally
eat
10.
their
hands．
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【解题导语】本文章主要讲述了2个国际性的展览，并对展览的性质和特点进行了介绍和说明．
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．
1．?B．细节理解题．根据文章第一段，According
to
official
statistics，
over
110
nations
and
international
organizations，
over
120
unofficial
exhibitors，
as
well
as
31
Chinese
provinces，
autonomous
regions
and
municipalities，
together
with
Hong
Kong，
Macao
and
Taiwan
have
established
gardens
in
the
Expo
Park，
each
presenting
their
own
distinctive
gardening
and
horticulture（园艺学）．据官方统计，超过110个国家和国际组织，超过120个非官方参展商，以及31个中国各省、自治区和直辖市，以及香港、澳门和台湾在世博园建立了花园，每一个都展示哦了自己独特的园艺和园艺学．可知，建立不同的花园和亭台楼阁是为了展示其园艺方面的技术和文化，结合选项，故选B．
2．C．词义猜测题．根据文章第四段，The
Exhibition
started
on
April
29
and
will
end
on
October
7，
2019，
lasting
for
162
days
and
spanning
three
seasons
including
spring，
summer
and
fall．展览开于4月29日开始，至2019年10月7日结束，历时162天，跨越春、夏、秋三季．可知，划线单词意为：包括，结合选项，故选C．
3．D．推理判断题．根据International
Horticultural
Exhibition介绍内容，According
to
the
International
Exhibitions
Bureau，
the
world
exposition
can
be
divided
into
two
major
categories
based
on
their
nature，
scale
and
duration（持续时间）．
One
is
international
registered
exhibitions，
which
are
also
the
highest
level
of
expos
globally，
such
as
the
Shanghai
World
Expo
2010．
The
other
is
the
international
recognized
exhibitions
or
specialized
expos，
such
as
the
International
Horticultural
Exhibition
2019．据国际展览局介绍，世博会按性质、规模和举办时间可分为两大类，一类是国际注册展览，也是2010年上海世博会等全球博览会的最高级别，另一类是国际公认的展览会或专业展览会，如2019年国际园艺展览会．可知，世界展览主要分为2大类，并非只有2大类，结合选项，故选D．
B
【解题导语】本文是一首诗歌．作者通过诗歌告诉读者：梦想，对生活的渴望，对更好生存环境的冒险，都可以不考虑你做了什么，甚至你的年龄．对于使你变得消沉的不积极的东西，你是否能够坚持你的梦想，摒弃这些消沉的一切．开心的活，不掩饰痛苦，苦与乐都悉心接受．
4．A．推理判断题．根据每一段开头的
"It
doesn't
interest
me'可知，让"我"不感兴趣的是：你为生存做些什么；你的年龄有多大；是什么行星使你的月亮位于方照；你是否能面对痛苦；你是否能安享快乐等这些东西，引出下文"I
want
to
know"的东西，因此推断重复这个句子是为了引起读者的兴趣，强调作者的观点．故选A．
5．C．推理判断题．根据上文
"I
want
to
know
if
you
can
see
beauty
even
when
it's
not
pretty
every
day，
and
if
you
can
gain?your
own
life
from
its
presence．"
（即使每天的生活并不舒心，你是否能从上帝的存在中寻求自己生命的来源．）可推断，下文的句意：我想知道，你能否身处颓境，却依然站立在湖边对着银色的月光喊
-声真美"
!也就是说面对失败，说我能行．故选C．
6．C．推理判断题．根据第三段的
"I
want
to
know
if
you
have
touched
the
center
of
your
own
sorrow，
if
you
have
been?opened
by
life's
betrayals（背叛）
or
have
become
depressed
and
dlosed
from
fear
of
further
pain!"
（我想知道，你是否已触及自己悲哀的中心，是否因生活的种种背叛而心胸开阔，抑或因为害怕更多的痛苦而变得消沉和封闭!
）可知，作者不会同意即使你被背叛，你仍然喜欢你所有的同伴．
"故选C．
C
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了不同的文化环境中计量时间的方式是不同的．
7.
C
推理判断题．根据常识以及根据第一"Humans?are?social?animals．?They?live?in?groups?all?over?the?world．人类是群居动物．他们在世界各地群居．"可知人类无论在世界的什么地方都是一个群体一个群体在一起生活的．故选C．
8．
D
推理判断题．根据第二段"Time?is?not?very?important?in?nonindustrial?societies．?The?Nuer?people?of?East?Africa，?for?example，?do?not?even?have?a?word?TIME?that?is?in?agreement?with?the?abstract?thing?we?call?time．?The?daily?lives?of?the?people?of?such?nonindustrial?societies?are?likely?to?be?patterned?around?their?physical?needs?and?natural?events?rather?than?around?a?time?schedule（时间表）based?on?the?clock．?They?cook?and?eat?when?they?are?hungry?and?sleep?when?the?sun?goes?down．?They?plant?crops?during?the?growing?seasons?and?harvest?them?when?the?crops?are?ripe．?They?measure?time?not?by?a?clock?or?calendar（日历），but?by?saying?that?an?event?takes?place?before?or?after?some?other?event?Frequently?such?a?society?measures?days?in?terms?of?"sleeps"?or?longer?periods?in?terms?of?"moons．时间在非工业社会中不是很重要，例如东非的努尔人甚至连一个与我们称之为时间的抽象事物相一致的词"时间"都没有，这些非工业社会的人们的日常生活很可能是以他们的生活方式为中心的．物理需要和自然事件，而不是以时钟为基础的一个时间表．他们饿时做饭吃饭，太阳下山时睡觉．他们在生长季节种植作物，在作物成熟时收割．他们不是以时钟来衡量时间或历法（日），但是通过说一个事件发生在其他事件之前或之后，这样一个社会经常用"睡眠"来衡量一天，或者用"月亮"来衡量更长的时间．"可知他们不需要按照精确的时间表安排他们的日常生活．故选D．
9．
A
细节理解题．根据倒数第二段"For?example，?when?several?Australian?aborigines?want?to?plan?an?event?for?a?future?time，?one?of?them?places?a?stone?on?a?cliff?or?in?a?tree．?Each?day?the?angle?of?the?sun?changes?slightly．?In?a?few?days，?the?rays?of?the?sun?strike?the?stone?in?a?certain?way．?When?this?happens，?the?people?see?that?the?agreed-upon?time?has?arrived?and?the?event?can?take?place．例如，当几个澳大利亚土著人想为将来的一段时间计划一个事件时，其中一个土著人把一块石头放在悬崖上或树上．太阳变化不大，几天之后，太阳光以某种方式照射到石头上，当这种情况发生时，人们看到约定的时间到了，事情就可以发生了．"可知澳大利亚土著人"讲时间"的方式是太阳光的变化．故选A．
10．
A
文章题目．阅读全文可知本文主要讲述了不同的文化环境中计量时间的方式是不同的．所以A项"Time?and?Culture"作为题目更合适．故选A．
Ⅱ.完形填空
【解题导语】本文是篇记叙文．?文章主要讲运作者在火车上遇到陌生人，听从自己内心的声音同他谈话，结果挽救了这个人的生命从而悟出的人生感悟，当你听从目出内心的声音时，你有叫能改变别人的生活．
1．B．考查副词及语境理解．句意：?在火车上，我总是选择一个远离人群的座位，这样我就可以平静地读报纸．
?hopueully有希望地；?
?peaceully平静地；?
sincerely真诚地；?
immediately立即．?根据上文，我总是选择远离人群的座位，?及so连接的因果关系，可知我就可以平静地读报纸，故选B．
2．A．考查形容词及语境理解．句意：我不知道为什么，但由于某种原因，当我今天上了火车，它是不寻常的满．
?fill满的；?
?noisy吵闹的；?
?clean干净的；?
empty空的．根据下文
I?sat?down?in?the?only?seat?available…唯一的座位可知今天的火车是满员的，故选A．
3．D．考查固定搭配及语境理解．句意：我坐在一个中年男子旁边唯一?的座位上，他的头低了下来，似乎陷入了沉思．
disappointed使失望；?
?employed雇佣；?
?occuped占据．?
sunk沉没，下陷．根据上文他低着头；可知应该是陷入沉思，而be?sunk?in为固定短语，意为"陷入沉思中"，故选D．
4．D．考查动词及语境理解．句意：我很高兴他没有注意到我坐在他旁边，因为他只是继续低头看着地板．
decided决定；?
hesitated犹豫；?
?began开始；?
?continued继续．根据上文他低着头，没有注意到我坐在他旁边，可知他继续低着头．故选D．
5．A．考查动词及语境理解．句意：火车离开后不久，?我发现我想知道是什么事情如此重要，?以至于他其至没有看到我
wondering想知道；?
realizing意识到；?
concluding推断出；?D
discovering发现．根据下文有个内在的声音迫使我和这个人说话，可知这里是想知道．故选A．
6．A．考查名词及语境理解．句意：然而，出于某种奇怪的原因，这个内在的声音一直迫使我和这个人说话．?
voice声音；?
enthusiasm热情；?
?memory记忆；?
affection喜爱．?同下文小题7空前的voice相呼应故选A．
7．B．考查连词及语境理解．句意：我试图忽略这个声音，因为我不可能一个完全陌生的人开始对话．?
though尽管；
if如果；
?unless除非；?
?as因为．根据前文我们知道作者喜欢安静；可推断作者不愿意同陌生人说话，因此前后两句互为因果关系．故选B．
8．A．考查动词及语境理解．句意：最后我终于忍不住，找了个借口问了他一个问题．
broke?up破坏；?
broke?down瓦解，忍不住；
broke?n闯入；?
broke?out突发．根据下文我找个借口和这个陌生入说话，可推断这里应该是忍不住．故选A．
9．D．考查动词及语境理解．句意：当他抬起头时；?我能看到他的泪水顺着脸的一侧流淌，尽管他微弱的试图擦拭它们．
dragged拖；?
shook震动：?
raised抬起；?
?bent弯曲．根据下文我看到他脸上的泪水，可知这里他是抬起头．故选D．
10．D．考查介词及语境理解．句意：当他抬起头时，我能看到他的泪水顺着验的一侧流淌?，尽管他微弱的试图擦拭它们．
for因为；?
?through通过；?
over．在..上方；?
?despite尽管．根据上下文关系可知，介词短语在这里做让步状语．故选D．
11．D．考查形容词及语境理解．句意：我们谈了大约20分钟，最后他似乎好多了．
weaker更虚弱的；?
worse糟糕的；
stronger更强壮的；?
better更好的．根据下文可知那天这个人本要结束生命，我和他的谈话换救了他，所以应该是更好的．故选D．
12．C．考查名词及语境理解．句意：几个星期过去了，?我吃完午饭回来，看到桌子?上有一个没有写地址的信封．
?package包裹；?
envelope信封；?
present礼物；?
?diretory名录．同下文When?I?read?the?note?inside?the?envelope中的envelope相呼应故选C．
13．A．考查名词及语境理解．句意：上面只写了天使这个词，
?ange天使；?
colleague同事；?
companion同伴；?
client委托人．根据下文In?his?eyes?I?was?that?someone，?that?Angel?sent?by?God?，可知这里是天使．故选A．
14．A．考查动词及语境理解．句意：当我读到信封里的便条时；我激动得控制不住自己．
excite使激动；?
?contain控制；?
embarrass使困惑，尴尬；?
condemn指责．通过信件作者知道自己挽救了陌生人，所以控制不住自己的情绪．故选A．
15．D．考查动词及语境理解．句意：这是我在火车上遇到的那个人写来的信，他再次感谢我那天和他谈话并救了他的命．taking拿；???changing改变；?
improving提亮；?D
saving挽救．根据下文我们知道是作者挽救了他的生命．故选D．
16．B．考查形容词及语境理解．句意：显然，他有一些非常伤心的个人问题?，是如此失控，以至于他打算在那天结束他的生命．
uncontrolled无法控制的；?
convincing令人信服的；?
unconscious无意识的；?
encouraging令人鼓舞的，根据后文结生命可知是无法控制的问题．故选B．
17．B．考查名词及语境理解．句意：他在信中解释说，他在绝望十向上帝大喊，如果上帝真的在乎他，他会派人来阻止他结束自己的生命．
?conclusion结论；?
?practice实践；???power动力；???despire绝望．根据下文结束自己的生命可知他当时是处在绝望中．故选B．
18．D．考查动词及语境理解．句意：他在信中解释说，他在绝望中向上帝大喊，如果上帝真的在乎他，他会派人来阻止他结束白己的生命．
carry搬，运；?
sent派遣；?
force强迫；?
hire雇佣．同下文In?his?eyes?I?was?that?someone，?that
Angel
sent?by?God．中的sent相呼应．故选D．
19．B．考查形容词及语境理解．句意：所以下次你感觉冲动，没有明显的原因，想要跟
?一个朋友亲戚邻居，其至一个完全陌生的人谈话，
?请记住我的故事．
?violent暴力的；?
obvious明显的；?
contradictory相互矛盾的；?
absurd不合理的．根据前文我同这个陌生人聊天，可知我是没有任何明显的原因的，就是单纯的想同他说话．故选B．
20．C．考查名词及语境理解．句意：当你倾听自己内心的声音时，?你可能会改变别人的生活．
decision决定；?
schedule日程安排：?
dfference差异；?
reservation预留．根据作者的故事，可知作者同陌生人的谈话挽救了这个人的生命，因此倾听自己内心的声音时，?可能会改变别人的生活，让别人的生活有所不同．故选C．
Ⅲ.
七选五
【解析】本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了小孩子经常会创造一个假想的朋友，他们可能会很真诚地对待朋友．
1.?A．细节理解题．根据前文"Young?children?often?create?an?imaginary?friend小孩子经常会创造一个假想的朋友"．可知此处应填"他们可能会很真诚地对待朋友"．故选A．
2.?D．细节理解题．根据下文"The?imaginary?friend?opens?up?the?possibility?of?experiencing?all?kinds?of?fantasy假想的朋友打开了体验各种幻想的可能性"．可知此处应填"一个假想的朋友可以帮助孩子们表达他们的创造力"．故选D．
3.?B．细节理解题．根据前文"Children?who?live?in?stressful?conditions?may?use?their?imaginations?for?wish?fulfillment?生活在压力环境中的孩子可能会利用他们的想象力来实现愿望"．可知此处应填"一个孤独的孩子可能需要一个朋友陪他玩"．故选B．
4.?F．推理判断题．根据前文"Generally，?parents?should?not?be?concerned?about?a?child's?imaginary?friend，?especially?when?children?are?young一般来说，父母不应该担心孩子的假想朋友，尤其是当孩子还小的时候"．可知此处应填"当朋友阻止孩子结交真正的朋友时，应该引起关注"．故选F．
5.?C．推理判断题．根据前文"Studies?further?show?that?such?children?may?increase?their?self-confidence?by?having?a?friend?who?treats?them?with?great?respect，?and?unconditional?love进一步的研究表明，这样的孩子可以通过拥有一个尊重他们、给予他们无条件的爱的朋友来增加他们的自信"．可知此处应填"孩子们会试图把幻想和现实区分开"．故选C．
Ⅳ.
语法填空
【解析】文章主要从筷子使用的范围，制作筷子的方式和方法，筷子使用的历史及其发展等几方面来展开论述的．
1．and
考查并列连词．这里列举了一些亚洲国家的名字，是并列关系，故在最后两个名词之间用and来连接．
2．be
made
考查固定词语搭配．be
made
of"由…制成"，句意：精美的筷子可能非由金银制成的筷子莫属，故填be
made．
3．to
create
考查不定式做目的状语．句意：技术娴熟的工人也把各种各样的硬质木材和金属结合起来，来创造出特殊风格的筷子．这里是用不定式做目的状语，故填to
create．
4．using
考查现在分词做方式状语．people是动词use的逻辑主语，两者之间是主动关系，用现在分词作方式状语，故填using．
5．as
考查时间状语从句．句意：随着人口的增长，人们把食物切成小块，这样可以煮得快一点．as
是连词，表示"随着"的意思，引导时间状语从句，故填as．
6．gradually
考查副词的用法．副词用来修饰形容词、动词或者副词，这道题中是用来修饰动词短语turned
into的，故填gradually．
7．who
考查非限制性定语从句．句中有逗号，说明是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Confucius孔子，定语从句缺少主语，且指人，故填who．
8．development
考查词性转换．the+名词+of，意为"…的…"，这里指"筷子的发展"，故填development．
9．were
考查时态．根据句意可知，这里指的是刀子因太暴力而不适合在餐桌上使用，believed后跟一个宾语从句，and连接了两个并列的谓语，主语knives是复数，根据时态一致的原则，这里用一般过去时，故填were．
10．with
考查介词的用法．句意：在印度，大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法--用手拿，with+表示具体工具的名词，故填with．