高三一轮复习人教新课标版选修6 Unit 4 Global warming
单元知识检测
一，单项选择（15）
1. Is it _______ to you that the government is having a hard time now
A. of much important B. of much consequence
C. of very important D. of many consequence
2. Something must be done to ______ the river from _________.
A. stop; being polluted B. stop; polluting
C. prevent; pollution D. keep; polluted
3. There ______ quantities of apples in the basket and there was ______ milk in the bucket.
A. were; a number of B. was; quantities of
C. was; a good many D. were; a quantity of
4._______ we get good weather it will be a successful holiday. Which is wrong
A. So long as B. Provided that C. So long D. On condition that
5. —Go for a picnic this weekend, ok
— _______. I love getting close to nature.
A. I don’t think so. B. I believe not. C. I couldn’t agree more D. I am afraid not.
6. — Now, where is my purpose
— ________! We will be late for the picnic.
A. Come on B. Don’t worry C. Take your time D. Take it easy.
7. It was not until 1999 ________ regular radio broadcast began.
A. while B. which C. that D. since
8. Can it be in the restaurant _____ we had dinner last Sunday ______ you left your wallet
A. where; where B. where; that C. that; where D. that; that
9. —What’s the matter with you
— ______ the window, my finger was cut unexpectedly.
A. Cleaning B. To clean C. While cleaning D. While I was cleaning
10. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ______ I thought was a dangerous speed.
A. as B. which C. there D. what
11. The school has ________ a plan for the committee to consider.
A. set up B. set aside C. come true D. come into being
12. ________ is impossible for us to offer him any help.
A. This B. It C. That D. which
13. Can you tell me what ________ her _________here
A. stop; from coming B. stopped; from coming
C. keep; from coming D. prevent; coming to
14. He couldn’t make his voice ______.
A. hear B. be heard C. hearing D. heard
15. They have _________ a plan for reducing the daily outcome, which is quite practical.
A. put off B. put away C. put down D. put forward
II. 完形填空
Many years ago, I owned a service station and roadhouse on the main road between Melbourne and Adelaide.
One very cold, wet night at about 3:30 a.m., there was a 16 on the front door of our house. A young man, wet from 17 to toe, explained that he had 18 out of petrol about 30 km up the road. He had left his pregnant(怀孕的) wife and his two children 19 at the car and said that he would hitchhike(搭便车) back.
Once I had 20 a can with petrol, I took him back to his car where his two-year-old and four-year-old children were both 21 , saying that they were cold. Once the car had started, I suggested that he 22 me back.
Before leaving, I had turned the heater 23 in the roadhouse, so that when we went in, it was nice and 24 .While the little ones played and ran 25 ,I prepared bread and butter for the children, and hot chocolate for the 26 .
It was about 5 a.m. before they 27 .The young fellow asked me how much he 28 me and I told him that the petrol pump (加油泵) had 29 $15.He offered to pay “call-out fee”, but I wouldn’t accept it.
About a month later, I received a 30 from Interstate, a large bus company that we had been trying to 31 to stop off at our roadhouse for a long time. It 32 out that the young fellow I had helped was its general manager, the most 33 person in the company.
In his letter, he thanked me again and 34 me that, from then on, all their buses would stop at my service station. In this 35 , a little bit of kindness was rewarded with a huge amount of benefits.
16. A. kick B. hit C. beat D. knock
17. A. finger B. shoulder C. head D. hand
18. A. driven B. used C. come D. run
19. A. away B. behind C. over D. out
20. A. supplied B. poured C. equipped D. filled
21. A. sleeping B. crying C. quarrelling D. fighting
22. A. allow B. ring C. lead D. follow
23. A. on B. off C. in D. over
24. A. neat B. hot C. warm D. attractive
25. A. around B. inside C. nearby D. along
26. A. drivers B. guests C. customers D. adults
27. A. left B. arrived C. ate D. disappeared
28. A. gave B. paid C. owed D. offered
29. A. appeared B. exhibited C. calculated D. shown
30. A. call B. letter C. check D. notice
31. A. get B. force C. requite D. hope
32. A. pointed B. successful C. serious D. powerful
34. A. praised B. persuaded C. informed D. convinced
35. A. lesson B. business C. aspect D. case
第三部分:阅读理解。(共20小题；每题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑
A
In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually was made up of saying poetry aloud and giving speeches.
In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates(应试者) for the doctor’s degree.
Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same questions, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, looks like a group of workers at an automobile factory. Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.
One type of test is sometimes called an “objective” test. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test, the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.
36. The main idea of Paragraph Three is that ___________.
A. workers now take examinations B. the population has grown
C. there are only written exams today D. examinations are now written and timed
37. The kind of exams where students must select answers are ___________.
A. objective B. personal C. spoken D. written
38. Modern industry must have developed ____________.
A. around the 19th century B .before the Middle Ages
C. in Greece or Rome D. machines to take tests
39. It may be concluded that testing __________.
A. should test only opinions B. should always be written
C. is given only in factories D. has changed since the Middle Ages
B
What will people die of 100 years from now If you think that is a simple question, you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-technology(生物技术). With the help of new medicine, the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents, murder and war. Today's leading killers, such as heart diseases, cancer, and aging itself, will become distant memory.
In discussion of technological changes, the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells(细胞) are the basic units of all living things, and until recently, scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells, such as those of brain cells, would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100, medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so, people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs(器官). The medicine, made up of the basic building materials of life, will build new brain cells, heart cells, and so on---in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.
It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic conditional human existence, but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.
40. According to the passage, human death is now mainly caused by _______.
A. diseases and aging B. accidents and war
C. accidents and aging D. heart diseases and war
41. In the author's opinion, today's most important advance in technology lies in _____.
A. medicine B. the internet C. brain cells D. human organs
42. Humans may live longer in the future because ______.
A. heart disease will be far away from us
B. human brains can decide the final death
C. the basic materials of cells will last forever
D. human organs can be repaired by new medicine
43. We can learn from the passage that _____.
A. human life will not last more than 120 years in the future
B. human have to take medicine to build new skin cells now
C. much needs to be done before humans can have a longer life
D. we have already solved the technical problems in building new cells.
C[09安徽]
A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below l6℃．Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate．Without the forest cover，these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere，warming the rest of the world. Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns，potentially causing certain natural disasters all over the world．
In the past hundred years，humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources(资源)：land for crops，wood for paper and other products，land for raising farm animals．This action affects the environment as a whole．For example，a lot of carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)in the air comes from burning the rainforests．People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit.
There are two main reasons for this．Firstly，when people cut down trees，generally they can only use the land for a year or two．Secondly，cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now，but in the long run it actually reduces the world’s wood supply．
Rainforests are often called the world’s drug store．More than 25％ of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests．However，fewer than l％of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value．It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world’s shrinking rainforests．
44．Rainforests can help to adjust the climate because they ．
A．reflect more heat into the atmosphere
B．bring about high rainfall throughout the world
C．rarely cause the temperature to drop lower than l6℃
D．reduce the effect of heat from the sun on the earth
45．What does the word “this” underlined in the third paragraph refer to
A．We will lose much more than we can gain．
B．Humans have begun destroying rainforests．
C．People have a strong desire for resources．
D．Much carbon dioxide comes from burning rainforests．
46．It can be inferred from the text that
A．we can get enough resources without rainforests
B．there is great medicine potential in rainforests
C．we will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained land
D．the level of annual rainfall affects wind patterns
47．What might be the best title for the text
A．How to Save Rainforests
B．How to Protect Nature
C．Rainforests and the Environment
D．Rainforests and Medical Development
D
The scientist from the Lockheed Space Company work in Felton, California, with the help of a computer. But the computer is placed in Sunnyside, about 80 kilometers away. What scientists input (输入) is sent by telephone lines to the computer, and after a time, copies of the designs are needed back in Felton as quickly as possible Lockheed people have tried several ways of sending the prints, but the most effective seems to be by pigeon. Are pigeons really used to carry messages in these days They are, and they send the prints faster and cheaper than any other way.
Human messengers are much more expensive and slower than the pigeons. The road to Felton goes through the mountains, and the driving is not easy. An electronic printout (电子打印输出) system could do the work in Felton, but at a cost of 10 dollars a print. Pigeons carry the designs for about 1 dollar each.
Now Lockheed people have ten pigeon messengers. The pigeons do the work, and they have made Lockheed more famous. You can often read the news about pigeons in the newspapers around the world.
48. The passage is mainly about ___________________.
A. Felton, California B. the scientists
C. how to work with computers D. sending prints by pigeon
49. This story is unusual because pigeons ____________________.
A. don’t like carrying things B. are often expensive to keep
C. seem out of place in the space age D. aren’t friendly to the scientists
50. Something that’s effective ________________________.
A. usually costs more B. is something that works
C. is often unhappy D. is often done by animals
51. Which happened first
A. Pigeons were used as messengers. B. Human messengers were used.
C. What the scientists input was sent to the computer. D. Scientists got their designs.
E
The rise of multinational corporations(跨国公司), global marketing, new communication technologies, and reducing cultural differences have led to a great increase in global public relations or PR.
Surprisingly, since modern PR was largely an American invention, the U.S leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago, for example, the world’s top five public relations companies were American—owned. In 1991, only one was. The British are especially becoming more knowledgeable and creative. A recent study found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate（公司的） planning activities, compared to about one—third of U.S. companies. It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR.
Why is American falling behind in the global PR race Firstly, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans fall behind their European and Asian counterparts（相对应的人） in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burson—Marshall’s U.S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather have about the same percentage. On the contrary, some European firms have half or more of their employees good at a second language. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country.
Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN (Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word “foreign” would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts. According to Turner, global communications have made the nations of the world so inter—dependant that there is no longer any such thing as foreign.
52. According to the passage, U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened because of _____________.
A. a great increase in the number of public relations companies
B. reducing cultural differences and new communication technologies
C. the decreasing number of multinational corporations in the U.S
D. increased efforts of other countries in public relations
53. London could soon replace New York as the center of PR because ____________.
A. British companies are more ambitious than U.S. companies
B. British companies place more important on PR than U.S. companies
C. British companies are heavily involved in planning activities
D. Four of the world’s to public relations companies are British—owned
54. We can infer from the passage that employees in the American PR industry _____________.
A. speak at least one foreign language fluently
B. pay no attention to world geography
C. are not as knowledge as their European counterparts
D. enjoy reading a great variety of English business publications
55. What lesson might the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN
A. American PR companies should be more international—minded
B. The American PR industry should develop global communication technologies
C. People working in PR should be better at foreign languages.
D. People involved in PR should avoid using the world “foreign”.
第二卷（非选择题）
第一节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填人一个适当的
词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Nowadays, almost everyone has realized (56) _________ that smoking is harmful (57) _________ people’s health. Sometimes it (58) __________ causes fire.
In China, about 38% of the people smoke. Every year, they smoke millions of packets of cigarettes. It’s bad news (59) _________ the health of nation.
It’s known that (60) _________ (smoke) can cause different kinds of disease. Every year, many people die (61) __________ these illnesses, such as lung and throat cancers. It also costs the government much money (62) __________ look after these sick people. Smoking is also harmful to those (63) ____________who don’t smoke, (64) ________ (especial) to children and women.
In a word, smoking is no good. If you want to smoke, just think of those who suffer from diseases (65) __________ the fires that destroy people’s lives and properties!
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假设你班将举行一次英语班会，主题为“如何做一个好学生”。请你根据以下要点写一篇短文。短文中须包括以下要点：
1. 严格自律,刻苦学习
2. 尊敬师长,乐于助人
3. 遵守校规,不染恶习
4. 不无故旷课, 不以强凌弱.
5. 不断进步,实现目标
注意：1 词数：100左右。
2 内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。
文章开头已给出(不计入总词数)
It’s important and necessary for us to be good students. But how can we became good students
参考答案：
单项选择
21-25 BADCC 26-30 ACBDD 31-35 BBBDD
完形填空
16-20 DCDBD 21-25BDA CA 26-30 DA C DB 31-35ABDCD
阅读理解
36---- 40 DAADA 41-45 ADCDA 46—50 BCDCB 51--55B DBCA
语法填空
56. that 57. to 58. even 59. for 60. smoking 61. from 62. to
63. who 64. especially 65. and
书面表达
Suggested answer:
How to be a good student
It is important and necessary for us to be good students. But how can we become good students In my opinion, those who are strict with themselves and in their studies can be considered as good students while those with bad behaviors of smoking, drinking or being absent from classes without any reason are admitted to be bad ones. Being good students, we should show respect to our teachers and the elderly and be always ready to help others. Besides we must obey the school regulations, and try not to form the bad habits, such as being addicted to playing computer games, telling lies and teasing and bulling the weak.
In a word, good students are always trying their best to make constant progress so that they can achieve their goals.(共21张PPT)
Ⅰ. 考纲词汇?
单词:?
1.agree v.同意__________ v.不同意________________________n.同意/不同意
2. _______v.存在__________ n.存在
3.state v.陈述，说明____________n.声明，阐述
4. environment n.环境______________adj.周围的，环境的___________________ n.环境保护主义者
disagree
agreement/disagreement
exist
existence
statement
environmental
environmentalist
短语：
1. _____________发生
2. quantities of____________
3. result _______导致
4. be ___________to反对
5. on behalf of_______________
6. put up _____忍受； 容忍
7. so long as ________
come about
大量的
in
opposed
代表……一方
with
只要
重要句型：
1. I have three good friends, _____ ____ ______have emigrated to U.S.A.我有三个好朋友，他们都移民美国了。
2.There is ___ ____ ____too many computer games can have a bad effect on students’ health毫无疑问，太多的电脑游戏会对学生的健康有不良影响。
3.Some good learning methods should __ ____ _____improve your study.一些良好的学习方法应采取以改善你的学习。
all of whom
no doubt that
be adopted to
1. phenomenon n. 現象;奇迹，罕见的人才或事物 phenomena(pl.)
1) Rain and snow are phenomena of the weather. 雨雪是天气现象。
2) Beethoven was a phenomenon among musicians.贝多芬是音乐家中的天才。
以题证点 汉译英
月蚀是一种罕见的现象。
____________________________________________________
2) 你能向我解释下这一奇怪的自然现象吗？
____________________________________________________
An eclipse of the moon is a rare phenomenon.
Could you explain to me the strange natural phenomenon
2.tend vt. 趋向, 往往是；照管, 护理
tendency n. 趋向，倾向（常与to/towards连用）
[典例]
1) Most of boys tend to enjoy playing basketball.大部分男孩都喜欢打篮球。
2) The older women tend to believe in strangers easily.老人更容易轻信陌生人。
以题证点 汉译英
1) 处于压力下的人更容易发挥自己的全部潜能。
___________________________________________________
2) 当老板不在时请他照看一个商店
___________________________________________________
People under stress tend to develop their full range of potential.
He was required to tend a store in the owner's absence.
3. state vt.声明, 陈述 n.状况，情况；国家
state+名词/that从句/wh-从句
statement n. 声明, 陈述
[典例]
1) She is in a terrible state today. 她今天心情不好。
2) He has publicly stated his support for the policy. 他已公开声明他会支持那项政策。
以题证点 汉译英
1) 合同清楚地叙述了那项工作应在何时完成。
_____________________________________________
The contract stated when the work should be finished.
2) 我听见那位官员说不接纳儿童。
_______________________________________
I heard the official state that they would not accept children.
4. range n.行列, 范围；vt. 排列, 归类于
beyond the range of…超越……的范围
out of one’s range某人达不到的
range oneself站在……的方面
range from… to … / between… and …从……到……不等
以题证点 根据汉语提示，补全英语句子。
1) The shop keeps___________________(商品品种多) .
a wide range of goods
2)_____________(年龄范围)i s from six to twelve years old.
3)The temperature__________________________(在15度到35度之间).
4)We should _______________(列身于; 站在……的方面)on the side of law and order.
The age range
ranges from 15 to 35 degrees
range ourselves
5． average adj.平均的;一般的，普通的，中等的 n.平均，平均数
[典例]
1) His average result of this three subjects is 96. 他三科的平均成绩是96。
2) The average of 4, 8, and 60 is 24。 4、8和60的平均数是24。
above the average 高于平均水平
below the average在一般水平以下
on the average平均, 按平均数计算; 一般地说
以题证点 汉译英
他在我们班处于中等位置。
________________________________________
2）这一地区农民的收入高于全省的平均水平。
________________________________________
He is an average student in our class.
The income of the farmers in this area is above the average of the province.
6.existence n.生存
[典例]
1) Anything in existence is reasonable.所有的存在都是合理的。
2) In the middle age, no one doubted about the existence of God中世纪时没人怀疑上帝的存在
in existence存在
exist v.存在
以题证点 汉译英
1) 富裕和贫穷同时存在于这个世界里。
_____________________________________________
2） 人们认为他是这个世界上最好心的人。
_____________________________________________
Wealth and poverty exist at the same time in the world.
He is believed to be the kindest person in existence.
7.refresh v.(使)精神振作, (使)精力恢复, 更新
[典例]
1) When tired, you can refresh yourself with a cup of tea困时喝杯茶提神
2) The host refreshed our teacups. 主人又为我们斟茶。
以题证点 汉译英
1) 长时间工作后，一杯冰水使他精神振作。
__________________________________________
2) 有时一件小东西也会唤起人们的记忆
__________________________________________
A cup of icy water refreshed him after a long time’s work.
Sometimes, a small thing all can refresh your memory
8.come about 发生
1) How did this come about 这是怎么发生的
2) I don't know how it came about but I've got a dent in the rear of my car.
我不知道是怎么回事，但我的汽车后部有了一个凹痕。
[短语归纳]
come along 出现, 发生；
come out 出来, 长出；
come to 达到；
come to oneself 苏醒, 醒悟；
come up with 赶上, 提出
以题证点 It's already 10 o'clock. I wonder how it ____________ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A. came over B. came out
C. came about D. came up
答案与分析：。考查动词come构成的短语。A为“过去”；B为“出来”；D为“出现，到来”；
为“发生”。
C
9.result in 导致
1) Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration. 紧张和疲劳常使人精神不集中。
2) Acting before thinking always results in failure. 做事不先考虑总会导致失败.
3) The accident resulted in the death of two people. 这场意外事故造成两人死亡。
[短语归纳]
lead to作“导致”
result from 由...产生；
as result 因此; 结果；
as a result of作为...的结果; 由于...
without result 无效地, 毫无结果地；
以题证点 根据汉语提示，补全英语句子。（每空一词）
1) 结果他们拯救了这座森林里90％的树木。
_____ _____ _____, they saved 90% of the trees in the forest.
2) 我一直在想法打开箱子，但到现在这没有没打开。
I've been trying to open the box, but _____ _____ so far.
3) 此项工程的搁置已导致了6个人被解雇。
The shelving of the project have_____ _____ six redundancy.
4) 她勤奋苦读，终于进了中山大学。
_____ _____ _____ of her hard work was a place at Zhongshan University.
As a result
without result
resulted in
As a result
10．put up with 忍受；容忍
1) I'm not going to put up with this! 我再也受不了啦！
2) We have to put up with her bad temper. 我们只得忍受她的坏脾气。
[短语归纳]
put aside 节省；put away储存；put down写下
put off 延期； put out 熄灭； put up 举起；
以题证点 Tom would like to find somewhere to work because he can not _____ the boss.
come up with B. catch up with
C. keep up with D. put up with
答案与分析：D 考查词组辨析。根据所给语境可知他无法 “忍受”这个老板。A项表示“想出”
D
以题证点 汉译英
1) 在这种情况下，我们不得不忍受不便之处.
_____________________________________________
2) 不允许拖延付清帐单
_____________________________________________
In that situation, we had to put up with the inconvenience.
We are not allowed to put off paying the bills.高三一轮复习人教新课标版选修6 Unit 4 Global warming
知识回顾
【知识梳理】
单词
(1) Charles Keeling collected on the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere over a forty-year period.
(2) Although we are burning coal in huge every year, we won’t run out of it for centuries.
(3) If the amount of greenhouse gases continues to we could be facing a global.
(4) Many scientists believe that global warming has come about through the burning of fossil fuels. They do not think that ignoring the issue is worth the_______.
(5) describes weather conditions over a period of years in a particular place.
(6) The of a rising sea level would be widespread flooding.
(7) The use of energy in Susanna’s country is low the use of energy in the USA.
(8) The warming of the earth is a that cause great concern.
(9) The shows temperature changes during the 20th century.
(10) One hectare of forest can absorb 23 tons of carbon dioxide year.
短语句型
1. I don’t know how this ______ _______.我不知道这是怎么发生的。
2. The accident _____ _____the death of two people. 这场意外事故造成两人死亡
3. Noise is coming to the point where we can't ____ ____ ___it.
噪音快到我们无法忍受的地步。
4. I don't mind ____ ____ ____it doesn't rain. 只要不下雨就行了。
5. We ____ ____ _____ the proposal that the meeting should be put off.
我们都反对那个会议被推迟的提议。
二、 知识拓展
1. phenomenon n. 現象; 奇迹，罕见的人才或事物 phenomena (pl.)
[典例]
1) Rain and snow are phenomena of the weather. 雨雪是天气现象。
2) Beethoven was a phenomenon among musicians.贝多芬是音乐家中的天才。
3) the phenomena of nature自然现象
4) a social phenomenon社会现象
[练习] 汉译英
1) 月蚀是一种罕见的现象。
________________________________________________________________________________________
2) 你能向我解释下这一奇怪的自然现象吗？
________________________________________________________________________________________
3) 尽管中途退出了2008年奥运会，刘翔依然是跨栏项目的罕见的人才。
________________________________________________________________________________________
tend vt. 趋向, 往往是；照管, 护理
[重点用法]
tendency n. 趋向，倾向（常与to/towards连用）
[典例]
1) Most of boys tend to enjoy playing basketball.大部分男孩都喜欢打篮球。
2) The older women tend to believe in strangers easily.老人更容易轻信陌生人。
3) A team of medical workers were sent to tend the survivors of wenchuan Earthquake.
一组医护人员被派去照料汶川地震的幸存者。
4) Nowadays there is a growing tendency for people to shop on internet.如今人们网上购物有增加的趋势
[练习] 汉译英
1) 处于压力下的人更容易发挥自己的全部潜能。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2) 当老板不在时请他照看一个商店
_____________________________________________________________________________________
3. state vt.声明, 陈述 n.状况，情况；国家
[重点用法]
state+名词/that从句/wh-从句
statement n. 声明, 陈述
[典例]
1) She is in a terrible state today. 她今天心情不好。
2) the head of state国家首脑
3) He has publicly stated his support for the policy. 他已公开声明他会支持那项政策。
[练习] 汉译英
1) 合同清楚地叙述了那项工作应在何时完成。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2) 我听见那位官员说不接纳儿童。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
4. range n.行列, 范围；vt. 排列, 归类于
[重点用法]
beyond the range of…超越……的范围
out of one’s range某人达不到的
range oneself站在……的方面
range from… to … / between… and …从……到……不等
[练习] 根据汉语提示，补全英语句子。
1) The shop keeps____________________(商品品种多) .
2)_____________(年龄范围)i s from six to twelve years old.
3)The temperature__________________________(在15度到35度之间).
4)We should _______________(列身于; 站在……的方面)on the side of law and order.
5． average adj.平均的;一般的，普通的，中等的 n.平均，平均数
[典例]
1) His average result of this three subjects is 96. 他三科的平均成绩是96。
2) The average of 4, 8, and 60 is 24。 4、8和60的平均数是24。
[重点用法]
above the average 高于平均水平
below the average在一般水平以下
on the average平均, 按平均数计算; 一般地说
[练习] 汉译英
1) 他在我们班处于中等位置。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2）这一地区农民的收入高于全省的平均水平。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
existence n.生存
[典例]
1) Anything in existence is reasonable.所有的存在都是合理的。
2) In the middle age, no one doubted about the existence of God中世纪时没人怀疑上帝的存在
[重点用法]
in existence存在
exist v.存在
[练习] 汉译英
1) 富裕和贫穷同时存在于这个世界里。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2） 人们认为他是这个世界上最好心的人。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
refresh v.(使)精神振作, (使)精力恢复, 更新
[典例]
1) When tired, you can refresh yourself with a cup of tea困时喝杯茶提神
2) Refresh storage battery in case of being out of energy halfway.给蓄电池充电以免半路没电。
3) The host refreshed our teacups. 主人又为我们斟茶。
[练习] 汉译英
1) 长时间工作后，一杯冰水使他精神振作。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2) 有时一件小东西也会唤起人们的记忆
_____________________________________________________________________________________
8.come about 发生
【典例】
1) How did this come about 这是怎么发生的
2) I don't know how it came about but I've got a dent in the rear of my car.
我不知道是怎么回事，但我的汽车后部有了一个凹痕。
[短语归纳]
come along 出现, 发生；
come out 出来, 长出；
come to 达到；
come to oneself 苏醒, 醒悟；
come up with 赶上, 提出
【链接高考】It's already 10 o'clock. I wonder how it ____________ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came up
答案与分析：C。考查动词come构成的短语。A为“过去”；B为“出来”；D为“出现，到来”；
为“发生”。
quantities of 大量的
[典例]
1) Before they enter an entrance examination, they have to do quantities of exercise.
在参加入学考试前，他们得做大量的练习。
2) He drinks large quantities of water every day.他每天都喝大量的水。
[短语归纳]
A (large) quantity of /quantities of+名词（可数/不可数）
A mount of/ amounts of+不可数名词
注意：以上短语修饰名词充当主语时，由quantity/amount的单复数决定谓语的单复数。
[练习] 汉译英
1) 桌上摆满大量的食物。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2) 在这个地区仅提供少量的牛奶
_____________________________________________________________________________________
9.result in 导致
【典例】
1) Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration. 紧张和疲劳常使人精神不集中。
2) Acting before thinking always results in failure. 做事不先考虑总会导致失败.
3) The accident resulted in the death of two people. 这场意外事故造成两人死亡。
4) Excessive dosage of this drug can result in injury to the liver. 这种药使用过量会损害肝脏。
[短语归纳]
lead to作“导致”
result from 由...产生；
as result 因此; 结果；
as a result of作为...的结果; 由于...
without result 无效地, 毫无结果地；
[练习]根据汉语提示，补全英语句子。（每空一词）
1) 结果他们拯救了这座森林里90％的树木。
_____ _____ _____, they saved 90% of the trees in the forest.
2) 我一直在想法打开箱子，但到现在这没有没打开。
I've been trying to open the box, but _____ _____ so far.
3) 此项工程的搁置已导致了6个人被解雇。
The shelving of the project have_____ _____ six redundancy.
4) 她勤奋苦读，终于进了中山大学。
_____ _____ _____ of her hard work was a place at Zhongshan University.
10.be opposed to 反对
【典例】
1) All the states in UN were opposed to the war launched by Israel.所有的联合国成员国都反对以色列发起的这场战争。
2) Many residents in Guangzhou are opposed to the plan of tearing down the old buildings.
广州许多居民反对拆毁旧房子的计划。
[短语归纳]
表示反对：disagree with; object to; be against
表示赞成：agree with; be in favour of; be for
[练习] 汉译英
1) 热爱和平的人们都反对核反应。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2) 我们赞成她升为总裁
_____________________________________________________________________________________
11.on behalf of 代表……一方
【典例】
1) My husband could not be here tonight, but l want to thank you on his behalf.我丈夫今晚因故不能前来, 我代表他向你们致谢。
2) We attended the global conference on behalf of our country.
[练习] 汉译英
1) 很荣幸在这儿代表我的学校演出。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2) 那个英雄的妻子代替她死去的丈夫接受了这枚勋章。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
12.put up with 忍受；容忍
【典例】
1) I'm not going to put up with this! 我再也受不了啦！
2) We have to put up with her bad temper. 我们只得忍受她的坏脾气。
3) Noise is coming to the point where we can't put up with it. 噪音快到我们无法忍受的地步。
[短语归纳]
put aside 节省；put away储存；put down写下
put off 延期； put out 熄灭； put up 举起；
【链接高模】Tom would like to find somewhere to work because he can not _____ the boss.
A. come up with B. catch up with C. keep up with D. put up with
答案与分析：D。考查词组辨析。根据所给语境可知他无法 “忍受”这个老板。A项表示“想出”
[练习] 汉译英
1) 在这种情况下，我们不得不忍受不便之处.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2) 不允许拖延付清帐单
_____________________________________________________________________________________
13.so long as 只要
【典例】
1) As long as you don't betray me, I'll do whatever you ask me to (do).
只要你不出卖我，要我做什么我都愿意。
2) As long as live, I will help you. 只要我活着，我都会帮助你。
3) As long as you drive carefully, you will be very safe. 如果你开车小心，你就会很安全。
4) I don't mind as long as it doesn't rain. 只要不下雨就行了。
[短语归纳]
on condition that …在……的条件下
[练习] 汉译英
1）如果我挣到足够的钱，我就出国。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2）只要你能给我们合适的原因，我们就会帮助你。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
知识梳理
单词(1)data (2) quantities (3) catastrophe (4) risk (5) Climate (6) consequence (7) compared to (8) phenomenon (9) graph (10) per
短语
come out 2. resulted in. 3. put up with 4. as long as 5. are opposed to
知识拓展
1. 1) An eclipse of the moon is a rare phenomenon.
2) Could you explain to me the strange natural phenomenon
3) Though quitting in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, Liu Xiang is still a phenomenon in hurdle racing.
2. 1) People under stress tend to develop their full range of potential.
2) He was required to tend a store in the owner's absence.
3. 1) The contract stated when the work should be finished.
2) I heard the official state that they would not accept children.
4. 1) a wide range of goods
2) The age range
3) ranges from 15 to 35 degrees
4) range ourselves
5. 1) He is an average student in our class.
2) The income of the farmers in this area is above the average of the province.
6. 1) Wealth and poverty exist at the same time in the world.
2) He is believed to be the kindest person in existence.
7.1) A cup of icy water refreshed him after a long time’s work.
2) Sometimes, a small thing all can refresh your memory
8.1) Large quantities of food were on the table.
2) Only a small quantity of milk is offered in this area.
9.1) As a result 2) without result 3) resulted in 4) As a result
10.1) People loving peace are opposed to nuclear weapon.
2) We are in favor of her promotion to president.
11. 1) I’m greatly honored to put on performance here on behalf of my school.
2) The hero’s wife accepted the medal on behalf of her dead husband.
12.1) In that situation, we had to put up with the inconvenience.
2) We are not allowed to put off paying the bills.
13. 1) I will go abroad on condition that I earn enough money.
2) We will help you on condition that/as long as you can offer us the proper reason.
