2021年中考英语专题复习讲义-----第六讲 形容词和副词 （基础版）（含答案）

第六讲：形容词和副词
专题概述：
形容词和副词的比较等级是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用形容词和副词的比较等级的能力。中考考查重点：形容词比较等级的用法及各种句型；副词等级的用法及各种句型；比较级表示最高级的含义的用法。
语法考点：
形容词/副词原级的用法
形容词/副词比较级的用法（比较级的特殊用法）
形容词/副词最高级的用法
形容词（Adjective）
形容词用来修饰名词或不定代词，表示人或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性。
副词（Adverb）
副词是修饰动词、形容词、数词、其他副词或全句的词，表示时间、地点、程度等。
形容词/副词的语法功能（它们在句子中作定语、表语、补语和状语）
Tom is a good ( adj.作定语)boy.
Life here ( adv.作定语)is full of joy.
We are busy(adj.作表语).
Is he up ( adv.作表语)?
We keep our room clean(adj.作room的补足语).
Let me show you out ( adv.作宾语you的补足语).
Tired and hot ( adj.作状语) , we stopped to have a rest.
She works carefully(adv.作状语).
形容词/副词的分类
72644077470 数词+名词(+形容词) a 15-year-old boy，the girls' 800-meter race等
形容词(或数词)+名词-ed a middle-aged man，an 18-storeyed building等
复合形容词 形容词+动词-ing a good-looking man，an ordinary-looking woman等
名词+动词-ed a man-made river，a snow-covered house等
副词十动词-ed a well-known singer，a well-trained guide等
112395011430
①本身为副词:ago, now, when，how，almost等
副词的构成和分类 ②与形容词同形:enough, early, fast, first, still, hard, high, long,
last, deep, late, cheap, wide, upstairs等(注意:有些同形义不同)
③“形容词+ -ly”: slowly, carefully, truly, fully, busily, possibly等
1.分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。
原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
2.规则变化:
(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。
a)直接加er,est：
b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est：
c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est：
(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more/most.
3.不规则变化:
原级
比较级
最高级
good好的
better更好的
best最好的
well好；(身体)好的,
bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地
worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的
worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的
ill(身体)不舒服的
many许多的(可数)
more更多的；更
most最多的；最
much许多的(不可数)；非常
little少的
less更少的
least最少的
far远的；远地
farther更远的；更远地
farthest最远的；最远地
further进一步的(地)
furthest最深刻的(地)
形容词/副词原级的用法
“A…+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B”表示A和B一样。
We have produced as many cars as we did last year.我们生产的小汽车数量和去年一样多。
He can run as fast as a deer.他能跑得像鹿一样快。
“A ...+ not as /so十形容词/副词原级+as+B”表示A不如B。
I am not as /so busy as I used to be.我没有过去那么忙了。
She doesn't dress so /as strangely as other girls.她穿得没有其他女生奇特。
“A ...+as+形容词/副词原级+as+主语+can/could”=“A...+s+形容词/副词原级+as possible”表示“尽可能地，尽量”。
When we speak to people，we should be as polite as we can. = When we speak to people，we should be as polite as possible.和人们说话时，我们应该尽量礼貌。
He ran as fast as he could. =He ran as fast as possible.他尽可能快跑。
“A...+times+as+形容词原级+as+B”表示“A是B的几倍”。
This street is three times as wide as that one.这条街是那条街的三倍宽。
形容词/副词比较级的用法
(1)两者比较时，一方高于另一方，用比较级，其结构为“A ...+形容词/副词的比较级+than+B”，表示“A比B更……”。
He made few mistakes than you ( did ).他出的错比你少。
Mike can run faster than Tom. Mike比Tom跑得快。
注意：比较级前可以用a lot, a little, a bit, much, even, yet, rather, far等词来修饰，表示程度。还可加其他表示数量的词，如an inch taller, a mile farther, an hour earlier。
(2)两者比较时，一方低于另一方，用原形，其结构为“A ... +less+原级+than+B”，表示“A不如B”。
I look less young than you，我看上去不如你年轻。
He thinks English is less interesting than maths.他认为英语没有数学有趣。
比较级的特殊用法
(1)表示“越来越……”，用“比较级+and+比较级”。多音节形容词表示“越来越……”时，应用“more and more+形容词原级”表示。
School buses are becoming more and more popular in China now.现在在中国校车越来越受欢迎了。
Our school is more and more beautiful.我们的学校越来越美丽了。
(2)表示“越……，越……”，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”。
The harder you work，the more you will get.你工作越努力，你将得到越多。
(3)表示“两个中比较……的”，用“the+比较级+of the two”。
This apple is the bigger of the two.这个苹果是两个中较大的。
形容词/副词最高级的用法
1.表示三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较，用最高级。形容词最高级前要加定冠词the，后面可带of/in短语来说明比较的范围。其结构为“the+最高级+of/in...”。
It plays the most interesting music.那个台播放着最有趣的音乐。
He swims (the) farthest of all。在所有人中，他游得最远。
Who dances (the) most beautifully, Tom, Jack or Eric?谁的舞跳得最优美，Tom, Jack还是Eric?
形容词最高级前有物主代词修饰时，不再加定冠词the。而副词最高级前通常省略the。
Jack is my best friend.杰克是我最好的朋友。
Yesterday was his busiest day.昨天是他最忙的一天。
2.最高级的特殊用法
(1)表示“最……之一”，用“one of the+最高级+复数名词”。
Victor Hugo, born in 1802 in France, was one of the best writers in the 19th century.
1802年出生在法国的维克多·雨果是19世纪最好的作家之一。
(2)最高级前加序数词表示“第……最……的”。
He is the second tallest boy in our class.他是我们班上第二高的男孩。
(3)表示“哪一个最……”，用“Which /Who /What is the+最高级二?”。
What is the biggest animal on land?陆地上最大的动物是什么。
Who is the tallest in our class?谁是我们班上最高的?
易错警示
(1)并非所有以-ly结尾都是副词，也有是形容词。如:friendly(友好的)，daily(日常的)，monthly(每月的)。
(2)与形容词同形的副词。如:late adj.迟的，adv.晚;early adj.早的.adv.早;fast adj.快的，adv快地;enough adj.足够的，adv.足够地。
(3)同根副词特例：hard(努力地)，hardly(几乎不);near(附近)，nearly(几乎);close(靠近),closely(密切地)。
第六讲课堂练习
语境辨别形容词或副词
1. The Chinese parents always teach their children to be ______ to others.
A. carefully B. friendly C. lonely
2. Your classroom is so dirty. Everyone should keep it ______.
A. dry B. open C. clean D. quiet
3. It's time for class．We’d better go to our classroom as ______ as we can．
A．slow1y B．quickly C．quietly D．easily
4. The ice cream tasted so ______ that the kids asked for some more．
A．bad B．badly C． delicious D．well
5. I didn’t sleep ______ last night. I feel tired now.
A. well B. nice C. fine D. good
6. ---I don’t have enough money. This watch is too expensive.
---Look, there are some more over there. They’re ______ and nice.
A. big B. old C. small D. cheap
7. The flower smells and I like it very much.
A. well B. good C. bad D. badly
8. Helen was so excited at the news that she could say a word.
A. ever B. almost C. hardly D. always
9. The girl in purple is new here, so ________ people know her.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
10. Please be ________ .There's an important meeting in the next room.
A. quickly B. quick C. quietly D. quiet
11. Miss Zhou _____ rides a bike to work. Riding keeps her thin and fit.
A. never B. ever. C. usually D. hardly
12. Oh, look at the ball it's ________ to hold hundreds of people.
A. tall enough B. big enough C. too tall D. too big
13. ----That clothes store is ________ on weekends.?????----I see. I’ll go there next Monday then. A.open??????????? B.close????????????? C.opened?????????? D.closed
14. I’ll ______ stay at that hotel again. It's so dirty and noisy.
A. really B. usually C. still D. never

比较级、最高级用法
1. The size of this classroom is much ______ than that one.
A. stronger B. bigger C. faster
2. The price of this computer is the _______ of the three.
A. smallest B. biggest C. higest D. tallest
3. 一Whose picture is better, Jack’s or Tom’s?
—I like Jack’s and I think Jack draws ______ Tom．
A．better than B．worse than C．as good as D．as well as
4. ----What bad weather! ----Yes. The radio says it will be even _______ later on.
A. bad B. badly C. worse D. worst
5. We are happy that our country has developed _______ these years than before.
A. quickly B. less quickly C. more quickly D. most quickly
6. ---Who did English homework better, Leo or Nick?---Leo was more careful. I think Leo did ____ Nick.
A. as good as B. as well as C. better than D. worse than
7. The more you smile, the ________ you will feel.
A. happy B. happier C. happily D. more happily
8. ----What do you think of the film you saw yesterday?----Oh! It's one of films I've ever seen.
A. Interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting
9. You look tired these days. I think you need a ________sleep.
A. shorter B. shortest. C. better D. best
10. I’ve got quite a few dictionaries. Among them, this English dictionary is ________.
A. much useful B. more useful. C. the most useful D. a little useful
11. lin Fang comes home ________ than before this term. She doesn’t have so many classes in the afternoon. A.early??????????? B.earlier??????????? C.late??????????????? D.later
12. Come here at Christmas! You can buy ______ clothes in a year.
A. the cheapest B. cheaper C. the worst D. worse
13. He has _____ arms now and is able to pick the table up with one hand.
A. weakest B. weaker C. strongest D. stronger

形容词、副词短语
1. She was very excited and her eyes were______ tears.
A. full with B. filled of C. full of
2. China is very _______ the Great Wall and pandas.
A. famous as B. famous for C. ready to D. ready for
3. ----Where is Mrs. Welson ? ----I saw her in the library ______. I’m not sure if she is still there.
A. right now B. just now C. at once D. so far
巩固拔高
1．—The Chinese government is trying to solve the problems between China and other neighboring countries____. —A______way is better for all.
A．peaceful；peaceful B．peaceful；peacefully C．peacefully；peaceful D．peacefully；peacefully
2．—What do you think of her teaching English? —Great！No one teaches____in our school.
A．good B．worse C．better D．best
3．—Do you have the____news about Anna? —I was told she has gone abroad on June 15th，but I don't know whether she is there now.
A．latest B．funiest C．longest D．worst
4．Mo Yan is one of____writer in the world.
A．famous B．more famous C．most famous D．the most famous
5．—Fred is studying Chinese in one evening school. —Is that true？He has___told me about it.
A．ever B．even C．already D．never
6．We don't want to speak badly or____in front of the class.
A．clearly B．carefully C．carelessly D．properly
7．My sister____goes to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day.
A．always B．sometimes C．hardly D．never
8．You have to be____and wait until I finish my work.
A．patient B．strict C．honest D．active
9．My son is only 12 years old，but he is____in our family.He grows so fast.
A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the tallest
10．Air pollution has become____than ever before.We must do something to stop it.
A．serious B．more serious C．must serious D．the most serious
11．This movie wasn't____.He fell asleep half way through it.
A．interesting enough B．enough interesting C．interested enough D．enough interested
12．I'm not hungry because I have____had lunch.
A．ever B．never C．just D．still
13．Lin Feng comes home____than before this term.She doesn't have so many classes in the afternoon.
A．early B．earlier C．late D．later
14．The weather is becoming____.
A．hotter and hotter B．more hot and hot C．hoter and hoter D．more and more hot
15．—Will Betty take part in this year's talent show? —I'm sure she will.She is specially____at singing and dancing.
A．lucky B．realistic C．pleased D．good
16．Knowledge is money.But I think it is____money.
A．as important as B．so important as C．more important than D．the same as
17．—I think our chemistry teacher is working hard.He teaches us____. —Yes，but he hasn't come today.He doesn't feel______.
A．good；well B．good；good C．well；good D．well；well
18．____I read，______I'll be.
A．The much；the happy B．More；happier C．The more；the happier D．The most；the happiest
19．I found he looked____than last time when I went to see him.
A．better B．well C．good D．worrying
20．—You have got the same shirt as I. —Yes.Mine is____，but not so______as yours.
A．better；expensive B．better；more expensive C．more better；expensive D．good；more expensive
第六讲课后练习
1．Da Shan is____at Chinese.He can speak Chinese very______.
A．good；well B．good；good C．well；good D．well；well
1．—Is air the lightest thing in the world？ —Not____.Scientists from Zhejiang University have just developed the world's lightest material.
A．now B．yet C．then D．again
3．—Did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titanic last night? —No，I____go to the cinema.The tickets are too expensive.
A．hardly B．nearly C．still D．only
4．We decided not to climb the mountain because it was raining____.
A．heavily B．strongly C．hardly D．badly
5．There has never been such a beautiful village____in the world.
A．anywhere B．everywhere C．somewhere D．nowhere
6．—Is there____about this place? —Yes.All the houses here are green.
A．anything special B．special anything C．nothing special D．special nothing
7．The experiment was____easier than we had expected.
A．more B．much more C．much D．more much
8．All the children are talking and laughing in the living room，so it is____.
A．small B．noisy C．quiet D．big
9．Canada is larger than____country in North America.
A．any B．any other C．other D．other any
10．John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes____.
A．opeing B．be opened C．to open D．open
11．—Jack，do you think time is money? —Yes，but I think it is____money.
A．no important as B．not important as C．more important than D．much important than
12．It takes a long time to go there by train，it's____by boat.
A．quick B．the quickest C．much quick D．quicker
13．—The flower looks____. —Yes，and it smells even______.
A．well；good B．nice；better C．good；worse D．better；best
14．She always finishes her homework on time.She____leaves it till tomorrow.
A．always B．never C．usually D．sometimes
15．—Can you understand what I said? —Sorry，I can____understand it.
A．hardly B．almost C．nearly D．usually
16．—____is your sister now? —She is much better.
A．How B．What C．Where D．Who
17．—Hi，Bob！I can't find my history book.Have you seen it____？ —Sorry，I haven't.
A．somewhere B．everywhere C．nowhere D．anywhere
18．Our family has bought a car，so we can travel____than before.
A．more easily B．easily C．less easily D．most easily
19．Mrs Zhang didn't sleep____last night.She was worried about her daughter.
A．nice B．fine C．well D．good
20．—Mrs Liu is popular with kids.—Yes.She____tells interesting stories and sings songs to them.
A．soon B．always C．before D．never
21．The bag of rice is____heavy for the little boy to carry.Let's go and help him.
A．so B．such C．even D．too
22．—Please drive____when you pass a school. —OK，I will.
A．loudly B．closely C．heavily D．slowly
23．She doesn't speak____her friends，but her written work is excellent.
A．as well as B．as often as C．so much as D．so good as
24．Tom is____than the other members in his group.
A．funny B．the funnier C．the funniest D．funnier
25．—It's one of the____things in the world to stay with friends. —I agree with you.It always makes us comfortable.
A．happiest B．worst C．busiest D．hardest
26．After living in Paris for fifty years，he returned to the small town____he grew up.
A．which B．where C．that D．when
27．How____the girls are playing！I really want to join them.
A．happy B．happier C．happiest D．happily
28．In yesterday's exam，my sister didn't do well and I did____.
A．even worse B．very well C．much better D．very good
29．Who takes notes____in your class，Tom，Mike or David?
A．more careful B．more carefully C．the most careful D．the most carefully
30．You should believe her.She is____to decide for herself.
A．young enough B．old enough C．enough old D．enough young
第六讲：形容词和副词
课堂练习
（一）语境辩词
1---5:BCBCA; 6---10:DBCAB; 11---14:CBDD
（二）比较级最高级
1---5: BCACC; 6---10:CBDCC; 11---13:BAD
（三）形容词副词短语CBB
（四）巩固拔高 1-5 CCADD 6-10 CAADB 11-15 ACBAD 16-20 CDCAA
课后练习
1-5 ABAAC 6-10 ACBBD 11-15 CBBBA 16-20 ADACB 21-25 DDADA 26-30 BDADB