2021年中考英语专题复习讲义----第十讲 书面表达技巧 （基础版）（含答案）

第十讲：书面表达技巧
应用文写作
专题概述：
应用文是人们日常生活中广泛使用的文体。它最突出的特点是它 的实际应用性，应用文包括很广，如书信、通知、日记、海报、便条、启事、请柬、电报、合同等。应用文的语言应使用规范语言，重在实用，力求朴实、准确、简洁。
写作技巧提升：
书信
... Middle School, ...（写信人地址）
April 8th, 2020（写信的日期）
Dear XXX
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
____________
信头
称呼
签名
结束语
正文
... Middle School, ...（写信人地址）
April 8th, 2020（写信的日期）
Dear XXX
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
____________
信头
称呼
签名
结束语
正文
便条
通知
41211558420Announcement/Notice
Ladies and gentlemen,
Your attention, please. I have something to tell you.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for listening. / That's all. Thanks.
标题
开场白
称呼
内容
结束语
Announcement/Notice
Ladies and gentlemen,
Your attention, please. I have something to tell you.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for listening. / That's all. Thanks.
标题
开场白
称呼
内容
结束语
启事
1.遗失启事
2.招领启事
3.招聘启事
调查报告
咨询建议文写作
专题概述：
四步法写建议类书面表达
1. 首先要知道给出建议的格式：常用书信格式；
2. 然后写出提建议的原因；
3. 最后根据具体的情况给出明确的建议；
4. 写出希望。
常用表达
英语中咨询建议类作文通常以书信的形式呈现，英语书信类作文的常用表达：
开头部分：
How?nice?to?hear?from?you?again.
Let?me?tell?you?something?about?the?activity.
I'm?glad?to?have?received?your?letter.
I'm?pleased?to?hear?that?you’re?coming?to?China?for?a?visit.
I'm?writing?to?thank?you?for?your?help?during?my?stay?in?America.
结尾部分：
With?best?wishes.
I'm?looking?forward?to?your?reply.
I'd?appreciate?it?if?you?could?reply?earlier.
We?should?take?measures?to?control?pollution?in?order?to?save?the?world.
We'd?better?take?effective?measures?to?prevent?students?from?cheating?on?exams.
The?government?decided?to?take?strong?measures?against?drug?abuse.
Urgent?measures?should?be?taken?to?prevent?terrorists?from?carrying?out?further?attacks.
Why not.../Why don't you...
You can have a try.../Try to do...
Don't be afraid of...
I believe you can do it.Good luck.
In?one/a?word/Generally?speaking
写作模板 解决方法类作文模板
In?recent?days,?we?have?to?face?the?problem____________A,?which?is?becoming?more?and?more serious.?First,?____________（说明A的现状）. Second, ?____________（举例进一步说明现状）.?
Confronted?with?A,?we?should?take?a?series?of?effective?measures?to?cope?with?the?situation.?For?one thing,?____________（解决方法一）.?For?another?____________（解决方法二）.?Finally,?____________（解决方法三）.?
Personally,?I?believe?that____________（我的解决方法）.?
Consequently, I’m?confident?that?a?bright?future?is waiting?us?because?____________（带来的好处）.
解决方法类作文模板
In?recent?days,?we?have?to?face?the?problem____________A,?which?is?becoming?more?and?more serious.?First,?____________（说明A的现状）. Second, ?____________（举例进一步说明现状）.?
Confronted?with?A,?we?should?take?a?series?of?effective?measures?to?cope?with?the?situation.?For?one thing,?____________（解决方法一）.?For?another?____________（解决方法二）.?Finally,?____________（解决方法三）.?
Personally,?I?believe?that____________（我的解决方法）.?
Consequently, I’m?confident?that?a?bright?future?is waiting?us?because?____________（带来的好处）.
第十讲课堂练习
（一）
假如你是阳光中学初三学生Daniel，写信给青少年专家Sigmund Friend，告诉他进入初三后你的烦恼。请根据下表中信息，完成一封求助信。
要求： 1. 词数80左右(信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。
2. 要点必须包括表格中的所有信息，可以适当发挥。
3. 表达清楚，语句通顺，语义连贯。
个人信息
15岁，九年级学生；
性格特点
勤奋，喜欢运动，……；
烦恼
学习和兴趣之间找不到平衡；
愿望
……
Dear Sigmund Friend,
My name is Daniel. I'm from Sunshine Middle School.
（二）
连云港开展了＂真阅读＂工程，为了让阅读进校园，为了营造一种＂多读书，读好书＂的良好氛围，你班将举行一次主题班会，要求以 ＂A good book that influenced me a lot ＂ 为题作演讲，向同学们介绍一本自己读过的好书(the book’s name, the time you read, the content, the reason...)，并谈谈自己的感悟。
注意：1. 词数：100词左右（演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
2. 不得出现真实的校名和人名。
A good book that influenced me a lot
Boys and girls,

That's all. Thank you!
（三）
你班Carl同学最近遇到了一些问题，希望得到一些建议和帮助。请你以Mr. Friend的身份给Car写封信，针对Carl的所有问题提出一些有益的建议。
Carl的问题
将来想当一名记者，但很安静，不喜欢与人交谈
喜欢穿红色衣服，但同学嘲笑他像个女生
喜欢篮球，并且经常打，作业花的时间较少，不知如何平衡自己的学业和爱好
你的建议
……(至少四条)
要求：1. 不能出现真实的个人身份信息；
2. 不得遗漏提示信息，条理清楚，字迹工整，语意连贯可适当发挥；
3. 词数：110词左右(信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数)。
Dear Carl,
Thank you very much for telling me about your problems. I hope I can help you.
I hope you think my advice is valuable to you.
Best wishes,
Mr. Friend
第十讲：书面表达技巧
（一）
【参考范文】
Dear Sigmund Friend,
My name is Daniel. I’m from Sunshine Middle School. I am fifteen years old. Now I am a Grade 9 student. I love sports very much because it can bring strength to my body and mind. I am very confident and I am not afraid of making speeches in front of many people.
However, I have some problems now. I have too much homework every day. I often stay up late to finish it. I don’t get enough sleep and I feel tired in class. I find it hard to achieve a balance between my homework and my hobby.
What should I do? Can you offer me some valuable suggestions? I look forward to hearing from you soon.
Best wishes.
Daniel
【名师点睛】
1. 细心审题，明确要求 。
搞清题目的要求，以便根据不同的题材、体裁，写出不同格式，风格各异的文章，此外，还要注意人称、时态、地点等信息，避免出错。
2. 抓住重点，理顺要点。
草拟提纲，分清各要点之间的内在联系，寻求逻辑次序，分出层次，确定如何下手，使表达内容条理清楚。
4. 连句成篇，修改润色。
检查主题是否明确，表达方式是否恰当，接下来检查所写内容是否切题，该交待的内容是否交待了，最后检查所用时态、人称是否符合要求。检查段落是否完整，句子表达是否准确，语法、拼写、标点、移行、大小写等方面是否有误。
（二）
【参考范文】
Boys and girls,
As Francis Bacon once said, reading makes a full man. A good book can affect our life in one way or another. My Life Story by Helen Keller is one such book as touched my heart. It is about how Helen overcame her physical disabilities and succeeded by struggling in her long and hard learning period.
From the book, I learned that whenever we come across difficulties or even misfortune, we should never give in or run away. Instead, we are supposed to face them bravely and try to find ways out. Reading can not only improve our ability to understand the world, but also wash our souls. To live an enjoyable and meaningful life, let’s read more good books!
That’s all. Thank you!
【亮点说明】
文章首句引用名人名言As Francis Bacon once said, reading makes a full man. 引出话题A good book can affect our life in one way or another。这可谓事半功倍，为文章开了个好头。向听众介绍自己读过的一本好书时，用一个简单句My Life Story by Helen Keller is one such book as touched my heart.直接明了，使听众一下就能接受到这些信息。 复合句It is about how Helen overcame her physical disabilities and succeeded by struggling in her long and hard learning period.介绍了书籍内容，为后文自己的感受埋下伏笔。文章的结尾非常具有鼓动性，尽显文章风采。
（三）
【参考范文】
Dear Carl,
Thank you very much for telling me about your problems. I hope I can help you. You want to be a reporter in the future, but you are too quiet and you don’t enjoy talking with others. You like wearing red clothes but your classmates think you are like a girl and often laugh at you. You are a student, so you are busy every day. You must have lots of homework, but you are crazy about basketball. You spend a lot of time playing basketball. Like this, you will find you are tired. You should give it up. You don’t stay up late. If you make low marks in exams, you will feel stressed. You should talk about this to your parents or your best friends. They can help you. Please work hard to get good marks. I believe you will go to high school. I hope you think my advice is valuable to you.
Best wishes.
Mr. Friend
【亮点说明】
本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了Carl的问题，接下来介绍我的建议，最后我希望你认为我的建议有用。此处thank you for doing sth, want to do sth, enjoy doing sth, like doing sth, laugh at ,be crazy about, spend time doing sth, give up, stay up, work hard等这些词组的运用也给文章增色不少。
（四）
【思路导航】
本篇书面表达是一封书信，结合本题所给的写作信息，阐述＂如何学好英语＂建议。根据内容提示可知本文应运用一般现在时态，注意一些常见句式的应用。写作中注意连词、固定短语的交替使用，使文意连接紧密，还要注意使用丰富的语句，注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系，最后最好要表达出自己的感想和看法。
【参考范文】
Dear Wang Wei，
I received your email yesterday. In the email，you asked me how to improve your English. Now I’d like to give you some advice.
Watching English films and listening to English songs are great ways to learn English! Watch and listen several times，and guess the meaning of the new words.
Having a conversation with a foreign teacher is also a good way. You’d better start it with greetings or a question. Also，smile before you speak and do not feel shy. Write four or five words a day on pieces of paper and place them in your room. Read the words when you see them，and try to use them.
These are my suggestions. I hope they are useful to you.
Yours，
Zhang Hua
【亮点说明】
本文结构紧凑，语言简练。文中great ways to do sth，having a conversation with, had better, start it with, place them in your room, try to, and等词（组）的恰当使用，使上下文意连接紧密；文中还多处使用了动名词作主语的句型，and并列句、时间状语从句等复合句，大大增加了信息的容量，使文章增色不少，值得学习。