2021年中考英语专题复习讲义----第九讲 动词及时态 （基础版）（含答案）

第九讲：动词及时态
专题概述：
动词是表示人或事物的动作、存在、变化的词。动词部分主要考查学生对主动结构中各个时态的运用。一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时和现在完成时出现的概率较高。而被动语态主要是考一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和情态动词的被动语态。
语法考点：
动词和动词短语
动词时态和语态
非谓语动词
动词（Verb）
表示动作和状态的词叫做动词动词通常充当句子的谓语或后接描述性补语充当谓语中心，表示主语的动作、存在、变化，或主语对宾语的动作，态度。
按词义和在句子中的作用可分为行为动词，连系动词，助动词和情态动词。
动词的分类
分类
特点
例句
实义动词
表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能独立作谓语。按其带不带宾语可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
Give me some ink, please. 请给我些墨水。
He works hard. 他工作努力。
连系动词
本身有词义，不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份等。
He is a teacher. 他是一位老师。
They look the same. 他们看起来一样。
助动词
本身无词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语。可用来表示否定、疑问、时态、语态、语气等。
I am watching TV. 我正在看电视。
I don't speak English. 我不说英语。
情态动词
本身有一定的意义，表示人的语气和情态，不可单独作谓语，须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语。
Tom can swim. 汤姆会游泳。
May I come in? 我可以进来吗？
实义动词
实义动词又称行为动词，可分为及物动词(vt)和不及物动词(vi)
1.及物动词(vt)表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，后跟宾语；
2.不及物动词(vi)表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，但后面不能直接跟宾语，
-85090255270**常见的可带双宾的动词：“七给”（give, pass, lend, write, show, send, hand）“一带”（bring），当直接宾语前置时，必须在后面加to。
My father gives me a book. = My father gives a book to me.
**buy, draw, make 三个动词接双宾时，如前所说，后面加for。
My parents bought me a nice backpack. =My parents bought a nice backpack for me.
**常见的可带双宾的动词：“七给”（give, pass, lend, write, show, send, hand）“一带”（bring），当直接宾语前置时，必须在后面加to。
My father gives me a book. = My father gives a book to me.
**buy, draw, make 三个动词接双宾时，如前所说，后面加for。
My parents bought me a nice backpack. =My parents bought a nice backpack for me.
**不及物动词指不能直接接宾语的动词。自身意思完整，无需接宾语。
但是大多数即可为及物也可不及物。→ Boys fly kites. Birds can fly.
分类
用法
例句
及物
动词
能直接跟宾语
She bought a hook yesterday. 她昨天买了一本书。
【知识拓展】
1. 单宾语动词：即只可接一个宾语的动词，如：accept接受；discover发现；enjoy享受；forget忘记；borrow借入；buy买；catch抓；invent发明；found建造；like喜欢；find寻找；forget忘记；receive接受；see看见；say说；show展示；make做；tell告诉等。
I'm sorry that I forgot your address. 对不起，我忘了你的地址。
2. 双宾语动词：即后接间接宾语(指人)和直接宾语(指物)的动词，如：give给；buy买；pay付款；hand递；read读；return返还；sell卖等。
I am going to return him the books tomorrow afternoon. 我明天下午要把书还给他。
3. 接复合宾语的动词：后接宾语和宾补的动词，如：believe相信；find发现；hear听见，听说；keep保持；make使得；see看见等。
They kept him waiting at the door for twenty minutes. 他们让他在门口等了20分钟。
4. 接动名词作宾语的动词：如advise建议；consider考虑；finish完成；imagine想象；practise练习；suggest建议等。
She practises playing the piano every day. 她每天都练习弹钢琴。
5. 接不定式作宾语的动词：如agree同意；decide决定，下决心；hope希望；refuse拒绝；manage设法等
Bill refused to take responsibility for the accident. 比尔拒绝对那次事故负责任。
不及物动词
不能直接跟宾语
He is waiting for you at the gate. 他在门口等着你。
【知识拓展】
常见的不及物动词：ache疼痛；appear出现；arise出现，上升，起立；arrive到达；belong属于；care关心；come来；cough咳嗽；cry哭；die死亡；disappear消失；exist存在，生存；faint昏倒，变得微弱；fall落下；flow流动；go去；happen发生；laugh笑；lie躺；listen听；live生活，居住；look看；occur发生；rise上升，起立；sit坐；smile微笑；swim游泳
**除此之外，实义动词还有延续性和非延续性之分。
1）延续性动词是表示动作可以延续，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
非延续性动词表示瞬间动作，表示一经发生立即结束的动作
连系动词
连系动词本身有词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语, 说明主语状态、性质、特征和身份。
分类
常用词
例句
表主语的状态、特征和身份等
be(是)，look(看起来)，seem(似乎)，feel(感觉)，appear(出现)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，sound(听起来)
He is a good father. 他是一位好父亲。
She looks younger than before.
她看起来比以前年轻。
表主语从一种状态到另一种状态，但侧重于转变后的结果
turn(转变)，become(成为)，get(得到)，grow(增长)，go(去)，fall(跌落)，come(来)，prove(证明)
Everyone will grow old.
每个人都会变老。
After a few years, the things got worse and worse. 几年后，情况变得越来越糟糕。
表主语保持某种身份、特征或状态不变
keep(保持)，remain(仍旧)，stay(保持)，continue(继续)
The old man stays calm. 老人保持平静。
Keep quiet while you’re going around.
参观时要保持安静。
助动词
助动词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示否定，疑问及动词的时态、语态、人称和数等语法特征。
be
人称
数
现在时态
过去时态
现在分词
过去分词
第一人称
单数
am
was
being
been
复数
are
were
第二人称
单数
are
were
复数
are
were
第三人称
单数
is
was
复数
are
were
【知识拓展】be的用法：be主要用来构成进行时态和被动语态。
1. ＂be+现在分词＂构成进行时态。
My boy friend is reading a newspaper in the sofa. 我的男朋友正坐在沙发上看报纸。
2. ＂be+及物动词的过去分词＂构成被动语态。
The truth will be known to everyone. 真相将会大白于天下。
助动词do
形式
肯定式
否定式
缩略否定式
原形
do
do not
don't
第三人称单数
does
does not
doesn't
过去式
did
did not
didn't
【知识拓展】助动词do的用法：do主要用来构成否定句、疑问句或对谓语动词进行强调。
1. 用do构成否定句和疑问句。
I don't like this kind of music. 我不喜欢这种音乐。
2. ＂do+动词原形＂构成强调句。
I do need your help. 我的确需要你的帮助。
助动词have
形式
肯定式
否定式
缩略否定式
原形
have
have not
haven't
第三人称单数
has
has not
hasn't
过去式
had
had not
hadn't
【知识拓展】助动词have的用法：have 与过去分词构成各种完成时态。
We haven’t seen for a long time. 我们很久没见面了
情态动词
情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。初中常见情态动词有 can (could),may(might),must, need, ought to, dare等；另外，shall(愿意)，will（愿意） should（应该） would（请求，愿意） 在一定场合也可用作情态动词。
情态动词
用法
例句
can/could
表示能力，意为＂能，会＂
I can read this sentence in English.
我能用英语读这句话。
表示许可时，意为＂可以，能够＂，相当于may
She said that I could use her computer.
她说我可以使用她的电脑。
用于推测，表示可能性，意为＂可能＂，could比can更加不肯定，多用于否定或疑问句
The man can't be our teacher — he has gone to Beijing. 那个男人不可能是我们的老师，他去北京了。
There is someone outside — who can it be?
有人在外面，可能是谁呢？
【知识拓展】
1. can的一般疑问句，肯定回答用Yes, ...can；否定回答用No, ...can't。
—Can you play the piano? 你会弹钢琴吗?
—Yes, I can. 是的，我会。/No, I can't 不，我不会。
2. can，could和be able to的区别：can只有现在式和过去式，而be able to可以用于各种时态；can( could)表示能力时，可用be able to代替。
I can(am able to) afford the car. 我能买得起这辆小汽车。
She has been able to come to school. 她已经能去学校了
I could(=was able to) drive a car before I left school. 毕业前我就会开车。
may/might
表示允许或许可，意为＂可以＂
May I use your phone? 我可以用用你电话吗？
表示征询许可时，might比may的语气委婉
—Might I ask for a photograph of your little daughter?我能要一张你小女儿的照片吗?
—Yes, you may. 是的，你可以。
用于表推测时，是＂可能，或许＂之意，might语气更加不肯定，多用于肯定句
He may be wrong, but I'm not sure.
也许他错了，但我也不确定。
She might be very busy now.
她现在可能非常忙。
【知识拓展】
1. may的一般疑问句，肯定回答用Yes, ...may. /Yes, of course. /Yes, certainly.；否定回答用No, ...can't/mustn't。
—Might/May I smoke in this room? 我可以在这间屋子里抽烟吗?
—Yes, you may. 是的，你可以。/No, you can't/mustn't. 不，不可以。
2. 用于表示推测时，may和might一般不用于疑问句，而在疑问句中，常使用can；在否定句中，may not/might not意为＂可能不＂，而can't/couldn't意为＂不可能＂。
The young people might not like the idea. 年轻人可能不喜欢这个主意。
It can't/couldn't be our headmaster. He has gone to America. 那人不可能是我们校长。他已经去美国了。
must
表示必须，一定要，指说话人的主观语气
You must obey the school rules.
你必须遵守校规。
mustn't表示禁止，意为＂千万不要，禁止＂，是说话人强有力的劝告
You mustn't play with the knife or you may hurt yourself.
你禁止玩刀否则你可能会伤到自己。
表示推测时，用于肯定句，意为＂想必，一定＂，否定句中用can't/couldn't来代替
This must be your room.
这一定是你的房间。
He must be eighty now.
他现在想必有八十岁了。
【知识拓展】
1. must的一般疑问句，肯定回答为Yes, ...must.；否定回答为No, ...needn't./No, ...don't have to.
—Must I clean the classroom now? 我必须现在打扫教室吗？
—Yes, you must. 是的，你必须。/No, you don't have to. /No, you needn't. 不，你不必。
2. must和have to的区别：
①用must表示＂必须＂的意思时，通常着重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要去做某事；而have to着重于客观需要，含有＂不得不＂的意思。
We must study English hard. 我们必须努力学习英语。
You are ill today. You have to see a doctor. 你今天病了，不得不去看医生。
②用must表示＂必须＂，只有现在时态的形式，如果要表示过去时或将来时的＂必须＂，就要用have to的相应形式。
You must drive fast to catch the time. 你必须开车开快点来赶时间。
They will have to leave tomorrow morning. 他们必须明天早晨起程。
will
表示意志、愿望和决心，常译为＂愿意＂
If you will help us, we shall be very grateful.
如果你愿意帮助我们，我们将不胜感激。
用于第二人称疑问句，表请求或建议
Will you have dinner with me tonight?
今天晚上和我一起吃饭好吗?
表示习惯性动作或某种倾向，多用于现在时，常译为＂总是＂
Kate will sit there, waiting for her daughter to come back. 凯特总是坐在那儿等女儿回来。
would
作为will的过去式，可表示过去的意志、愿望或决心等，意为＂愿意＂
He promised he would never smoke again.
他承诺他再也不吸烟了。
表过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向
Their English teacher would tell them stories in English after class. 他们的英语老师总是在课后用英语给他们讲故事。
用于第二人称疑问句中，表示现在的请求、建议，比will的语气委婉
Would you please pass the English-Chinese dictionary on to Mary? 请把这本英汉词典传给玛丽好吗?
【知识拓展】
would like意为＂愿意，想要＂；would like/love to do sth 意为＂愿意/想要做某事＂；would like sb to do sth意为＂想要某人做某事＂。
Would you like a cup of tea? 你想喝杯茶吗？
Would you like to sing a song? 你想唱首歌吗？
I would like you to wake me up at 5:30 tomorrow morning.
我想让你在明天早晨5:30叫醒我。
shall
用于第一、三人称疑问句，表示征求对方意见
Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗?’
Tom is waiting outside. Shall he come in, sir? 汤姆正在门外等着，可以让他进来吗，先生?
用于第二、三人称陈述句时，表示命令、警告、允诺或威胁等
Yon shall fail if you don't work hard.
如果你不努力工作，你就会失败。
should
shall的过去式，用于第一、三人称，多用于间接引语中，以征求对方意见
I asked the manager if I should have a few days off. 我问经理我是否可以请几天假。
表示义务，职责时，意为＂应当，应该＂，往往表示说话者的观点
表示惊讶、遗憾等，意为＂竟然，居然＂
need
表示＂需要，必须＂，多用于疑问句和否定句
Need you go so soon? 你需要这么早走吗?
You needn't come so early. 你不必来这么早。
【知识拓展】
need的一般疑问句，肯定回答为Yes, ... must.；否定回答为No, ... needn't.
—Need he finish the article next week? 他需要下星期完成这篇文章吗?
—Yes, he must. 是的，他必须完成。/No , he needn't. 不，他不需要。
have to
表示不得不，说明客观条件只能如此；有时态形式的变化；否定式don't have to意为＂不必＂(=needn't)
My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the midnight.
我弟弟病得厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。
I haven't got any money with me, so I'll have to borrow some from my friend.
我身上没带钱，只好向朋友借点了。
动词短语
构成方式
常见短语
动词+冠词+名词
give a concert开音乐会，give a tea进行测试，have a rest休息，have a picnic野餐，have a try试一试，keep a record保持纪录，leave a message留言，make a face做鬼脸，make a living谋生，make a speech进行演讲，pay a bill付账，take a risk冒险
动词+名词
catch fire着火，keep watch守望/值班，make repairs维修，play sports做运动，take action采取行，take measures采取措施，take place发生/举行
动词+名词+介词
catch hold of抓住，catch sight of看见，make contributions to对……做贡献，make room for给……腾地方，make use of利用，pay attention to注意，take advantage of利用，make contact with和……接触/联系，take pride in以……为豪
动词+介词+名词
come into use开始使用，get into trouble陷入麻烦，play with fire玩火/冒险，wait in line排队等候
动词+宾语+介词+名词
bring... to mind使想起，put... into use应用，put... into practice实行/实施，take... for example以……为例
动词+副词+介词
add up to合计达，break away from脱离，come up with想出/提出，catch up with赶上，追上，go ahead with开始，着手，go in for参加/追求，go along with一起去，hold on to坚持，keep away from远离，look down upon瞧不起/轻视，put up with忍受/容忍，run out of用完
动词的时态
时态是英语学习中的核心内容之一，是英语学习的基础。自然，时态考查是各种英语考试尤其是中考时的座上宾。动一作发生的时间决定时态，时态决定动词的形式，而考卷中的时态题通常没有给出明确的时间标志词，考生需领悟所提供的语境来做出判断。只有推断出动作发生的正确的时间，才可能正确答题。这就要求考生在熟练掌握基本时态结构、用法并牢记常用的时间状语的基础上，要充分利用上下文中隐含的信息来捕捉时间，找准答题的突破口。预计中考关于本专题知识的命题趋势如下:
语法考点：
1. 必须掌握六种时态:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时。
2. 过去完成时、现在完成进行时和过去将来时及初中常考时态的特殊用法，如状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来，对考生要求较高，命题呈现“情景立意和能力立意”的原则，体现初高中英语的衔接。
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
现在
do/be
am/is/are doing
have/has done
have/has been doing
过去
did/was/were
was/were doing
had done
had been doing
将来
will do/be
will be doing
will have done
will have been doing
过去将来
would do/be
would be doing
would have done
would have been doing
现在时态
一般现在时：现存的状态（be），习惯，频率，客观事实。
-1333548260She is a teacher.
I make dinner everyday.
He drinks coffee three times everyday.
She is a teacher.
I make dinner everyday.
He drinks coffee three times everyday.



现在进行时：正在进行的动作，未完成，将继续，关注动作本身。
-13335158750最近的将来一定要做（计划/安排）的事情。
I am making dinner.
I am taking a test tomorrow.
What are you doing on Saturday.
最近的将来一定要做（计划/安排）的事情。
I am making dinner.
I am taking a test tomorrow.
What are you doing on Saturday.


过去时态
一般过去时：过去某个时间的状态（be），动作，习惯，频率。
-82550105410She was a teacher three years ago.
I made dinner yesterday.
He always forgot check in.
She was a teacher three years ago.
I made dinner yesterday.
He always forgot check in.
过去进行时：过去在某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。
-8255097790I was making dinner at 7PM yesterday.
I was making dinner at 7PM yesterday.
将来时态
一般将来时：将来存在的状态（be 动词），将来要做的动作
-166370161290表示意愿用 will，
表示行动计划用 going to do
He will be here.
I shall make dinner tomorrow.
表示意愿用 will，
表示行动计划用 going to do
He will be here.
I shall make dinner tomorrow.
动词的甚本形式
形式
规则变化
例句
一般现在时第三人称单数
一般情况在动词后直接加-s
look→looks；work→works
以o、s、x、sh、ch结尾的动词，后加-es
catch→catches；go→goes
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-es
study→studies；try→tries
现在分词
一般情况在动词后直接加-ing
read→reading；go→going
以ee、oe、ye结尾的动词，直接加-ing
see →seeing；toe→toeing
以不发音字母e结尾的动词，去掉e再加-ing
love→loving；write→writing
以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写辅音字母，再加-ing
cut→cutting；put→putting
少数以ie结尾的动词，先变ie 为y再加-ing
die→dying；lie→lying
过去式和过去分词
一般情况在动词后直接加-ed
ask→asked；help→helped
以不发音字母e结尾的动词，只加-d
like→liked；live→lived
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed
cry→cried；study→studied
以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写辅音字母，再加-ed
stop→stopped；plan→planned
动词的基本形式
第九讲课堂练习
【课堂练习1】
1．It's too hot, would you mind the windows?
A. to close B. closing C. to open D. opening
2．Jenny finished _______ the magazine _____ an autumn morning..
A. read; in B. to read ;in C. reading; on D. reading; in
3．Don't make Tom ____ the work by himself because he isn't _______.
A. to do; old enough B. to do; enough old C. do; old enough D. do; enough old
4．We decided ______at home _____ the bad weather..
A. staying ; because B. to stay ; because of C. staying ; because of D. to stay; because
5． I don’t feel like _____ apples but I would like _______ some bananas.
A. eating; having B.to eat; to have C eating; to have D to eat; having
6．—Remember _______ to my daughter's dance show next Friday.
—Of course I will. I'll never forget _______ her dance for the first time last year.
A. to come, to see B. coming, to see C. to come, seeing D. coming, seeing
7．–I feel like _____basketball, so I decide ________basketball tomorrow.
A. play; to play B. playing; playing C. playing; to play D. to play; to play
8．–Where did you go _____vacation, Lana? --I went to Guizhou ______my family.
A. of; with B. on; for C. on; with D. on; of
9．Tom __________ fishing, but he doesn't like eating fish.
A. like B. enjoy C. enjoys D. likes to
10．Please __________ the picture, can you __________ a bird?
A. look; see B. see; look at C. look at; see D. see; look
11．Tom often tells lies, but they always make us .
A. believe B. to believeC. believes D. believing
12．We will have 7 days ______during National Day.
A. rest B. leave C. holiday D. off
13．This kind of fruit____________ .
A. taste sweetly B. looks well C. sounds beautiful D. tastes delicious
14．Students in the USA spend ______ time _____their homework than we do.
A. little, to do B. little, doing C. less, doing D. less, do
15．Our teacher tells us ________ in the street.
A. not play B. not to play C. to not play D. don't play
16．I can't _______French. Please _______ it in Chinese.
A. say, tell B. speak, talk C. talk, tell D. speak, say
17．Mum likes _______ TV these days because there are ________ advertisements.
A. watching; less B. looking at; fewer C. seeing; fewer D. watching; fewer
18．---How much _____ the elephant ______? ---Perhaps the ______ of it is 2 tons.
A. is, weigh; weight B. does weight; weigh C. is, weight; weigh D. does, weigh, weight
19．You can go and ask my mother. She is willing ______ you _______ your English.
A. help; in B. to help; with C. helping; for D. for helping; at
20．Mr Smith together with his two children ________ early every morning.
A. practise running B. practises running C. practise to run D. practises to run
动词填空 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡标有题号的横线上。
21．He has more difficulty than Bruce __________ (control) his actions.
22．Someone broke into Granny Li's home yesterday. Luckily, she _______(walk) her dog nearby.
23．Lily works 10 hours a day and she ________(pay) 1,000 yuan a week.
24．Our teacher is happy because the rest of her students __________(pass) the exam as well.
25．Finally, he had no choice but _________ (accept) the fact that he failed the maths exam.
26．When he got there, he found the bad living environment they were used to___________(improve) a lot in the past two years.
27．Children, be quiet.. Mr Lee _______________(disturb) if you talk so noisily.
28．The teacher told me I ___________ (be) better at English if I tried my best.
根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
29．I often go __________ (swim) in my free time.
30．—Where is your bedroom? —It's on the __________ (two) floor.
31．Look! The ___________（child）are playing games under the tree.
32．Turn right at the first __________（cross）and you'll see the hospital.
33．The life in the countryside is __________ (noisy的反义词).
用be 填空
34．Millie _____________ a student.
35．Jim and Lily ____________ my classmates.
36．My parents ___________ very busy every day.
37．I ___________ an English boy.
38．What ___________ your father?
39．The light ___________ red.
40．My name ______________Li Lei.
41．The girl__________ Lucy's sister.
42．There _________some fans in our class.
43．There _________ a big desk for the teachers.
44．He is good at_______（play）the piano.
根据句意,用所给动词的适当形式填空。
45．Time seems _______(go) faster when I am watching TV.
46．Her smiling face always makes us __________ (feel) very happy.
47．If you ____________ (not be) careful, you'll make many mistakes.
48．Is Peter willing __________(share) his computer with his best friend, Daniel?
49．Listen! How beautiful the music ___________ (sound)!
根据句意用括号中动词的适当形式填空，使句子的意思完整、正确。
50．The woman put on her hat and_______(go )away．
51．He won't go to the cinema because he________(see) the film．
52．Just a minute! My brother_______(wash) his car in the garden．
53．While he _______(ride)his bike, he fell off and broke his right arm．
54．She said she________(teach )Korean for quite some time．
【课堂练习2】
根据括号内的英(汉)语提示，完成句子。
55．The people in our ____________(neighbor) are very kind and helpful.
56．Excuse me, sir, but you ___________(不允许)to smoke here.
57．Guilin is a ____________(漂亮的)city, and many visitors come there every year.
58．If everyone ____________(遵守) the traffic rules , there will be fewer accidents.
59．Look, the baby is __________ (wake). He is looking at us with a smile.
60．While the girl (shop), the alien got out.
61．He hasn't told the (true). He is lying.
62．— he (go) to an amusement park? —Yes, he did.
63．— What does she like for lunch? — She likes hamburgers, salad and some (鸡肉).
根据句子意思，用所给单词的正确形式填空
64．Danny is used to ________in this city. ( live)
65．There is a fork and two ________on the table. ( knife )
66．The park is _______ at this time of week. There are only few old people taking a walk.(crowd)
67．Could you please _______ me with my English? ( help)
68．I prefer_____(stay) at home to________(go)swimming.
用所给动词的适当形式填空：
69．I ____________ (know) the p lace for many years.
70．Where is my pen? How strange! It ____________ (be) here just a moment ago.
71．He will give the book back to you if he _________ (finish) reading it tomorrow.
72．My parents got ______________ (marry) in 1992.
73．We should make laws to prevent the water ________________ (pollute).
74．Older people used to ____________ (see) the films on the square.
根据汉语提示写出词组。
75．My sister_________ _________ her bike yesterday.(从……摔下)
76．__________ it _________ (仔细考虑) before you make an important decision.77．When Jeff heard his elder brother lost his life in an accident, his eyes ________ ________(充满；装满) tears.
78．What about ___________ Jane a ___________? (给……一个惊喜)
79．I （不再）spend too much time on computer games.
根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空。
80．Help 　　　　　(you) to some fish, kids.
81．We were 　　　　　(deep) moved by the story.
82．What is the 　　　　　(high) of this building?
83．Twenty-nine　　　　　(innocence) people died because of the terrorist attacks(恐怖袭击)on March 1,2014 in Kunming.
84．After a long cold winter, the little bear appeared hungry and 　　　　　(healthy).
85．Do you feel much 　　　　　(good) now, Tom?
86．Would you mind 　　　　　(offer) your seat to the old?
87．I really don't know how 　　　　　(solve) the problem.
88．It is blowing heavily outside. Please keep the door 　　　　　(close).
89．We must finish the project in two 　　　　　(week) time.
第九讲课后练习
【练习1】
1. I want to be a basketball player when I grow up, and my parents _____ my dream very much.
A. develop B. imagine C. remain D. support
2. —The color of the dress ______ her very well. —Yes, red ______ her characteristics.
A. suit; matches B. match; suits C. suit; suits D. match; matches
3. —How can I pass the exams, Mr. Right? —Well, you ________ a lot of hard work first.
A. offer B. spend C. waste D. require
4. —Do people in your community __ each other? —Yes. People are ready to __ others' problems.
A. help; help B. help with; help C. help; help with D. help with; help with
5. —Why do Chinese people use red paper to make Spring Festival couplets(春联)?
—Because they think red can _________ people good luck.
A. make B. take C. bring D. get
6. —How was the chess competition last week, Jack?
—Bad luck! David beat(击败) me in the competition and _________ first place.
A. shared B. touched C. won D. broke
7. —How long can she _________ the book? —Two weeks.
A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. return
8. Eating lots of vegetables and enough meat can ___________ you healthy all the time.
A. have B. get C. keep D. stay
9. My grandfather is over seventy years old. He is very well because he always _________.
A. stays up B. sleeps late C. plays computer games D. takes exercise
10. —What should I do if my parents don't agree _________ me?
—You'd better find a chance to communicate _________ them.
A. with；on B. to；with C. to；to D. with；with
【练习2】
1.It is necessary for schools to ____________ the need of all the students' development.
A. cut B. hide C. refuse D. satisfy
2.These oranges look nice, but ___________very sour.
A. feel B. taste C. sound D. look
3.While travelling in a strange place, you'd better ____________ the local people and follow their customs（习俗）.
A. watch B. change C. control D. teach
4.—If you always ____________ yourself with others, you may have tons of pressure.
—I agree, we should believe in ourselves.
A. compare B. complain C. connect D. consider
5.—Sorry, I've forgotten your name. Can you _______ me? —I'm Daniel.
A. remind B. receive C. respect D. remember
6. —Many young people usually offer their seats to the old on the bus.
—That's good. The old should be ____________.
A. looked for B. listened to C. depended on D. cared for
7. Our geography teacher told us to ____ more information about our city and share it next week.
A. find out B. keep away C. turn off D. use up
8.You can ____________ the word in the dictionary if you don't know it.
A. give away B. cut off C. take after D. look up
9.The teacher asked the students to ____________ a story about a trip to the moon.
A. give up B. turn up C. cut up D. make up
10.—What do you think is important for the players on a team?
—It's to play together and ____________ the best in each other.
A. bring out B. look up C. believe in D. blow out
11. I don't have much money, but I'd like to buy my dad something really special, if you know what I ____________.
A. want B. care C. mean D. prefer
12. I know what you are thinking about. I can _____ your mind from the look on your face.
A. stay B. spare C. read D. attend
13. —Have you seen the movie Titanic, Wangwei? —Yes. The music in it ____________.
A. looks great B. sounds great C. feels great
14. I think young phubbers（低头族）are supposed to ___ the time they spend __ their smart phones.
A. cut off；in B. cut down；on C. cut up；on D. cut in；in
15. People now in many big cities have to ____ early to avoid the heavy traffic in the morning.
A. set out B. put out C. take out D. give out
16. Can you help me _____ the pen? It's under the chair.
A. ask for B. look for C. pick up D. put up
17. I am afraid we can not ______ to take a taxi. Let's go by underground instead.
A. refuse B. afford C. forget D. fall
18.The food is very delicious in that restaurant. We could go and _____ it.
A. sell B. help C. produce D. try
19. —A research suggests that walking helps people live longer.
—I quite agree, but it ____ on when and how they walk.
A. remains B. separates C. returns D. depends
20.—I can't find my English textbook. —Is it possible that you _____ it at home?
A. lost B. saw C. left D. gave
【练习3】
1. —We should ____ the light when we leave the room.
—Yes. We must learn how to save electricity.
A. turn up B. turn on C. turn off D. turn down
2. Many people in this area are used ____ going to bed late, but I don't. I pay more attention ___ my health.
A. to; on B. for; on C. to; to D. for; to
3. —The old songs always _____ me of my childhood. —I have the same feelings.
A. explain B. remember C. remind D. hurry
4.—Your clothes seem to get all wet. —Yes. My umbrella was broken and it didn't ___ away from the rain.
A. protect B. provide C. keep D. produce
5.According to the rule, children should ___ a nearby school to receive education in Nanjing.
A. enter B. afford C. support D. present
6. —Let's do something for our parents. —Good idea. We should ___ our parents' love for us.
A. create B. promise C. value D. allow
7. —What's the matter? —I can't stand the loud music here. It's nearly __ me mad.
A. keeping B. driving C. turning D. giving
8.They all said that the man caused the accident, but he _____ he had nothing to do with it.
A. advised B. insisted C. supposed D. doubted
第九讲：动词的及动词时态
课堂练习
【课堂练习1】
1-5：DCCBC 6-10：CCCCC 11-15：ADDCB 16-20：DDDBB
21．controlling 22．was walking 23．is paid 24．have passed
25．to accept 26．had improved 27．will be disturbed 28．would be
29．swimming 30．second 31．children 32．crossing 33．quiet
is 35．are 36．are 37．am 38．is 39．is 40．is 41．is 42．are 43．is
44．playing 45．to go 46．feel 47．aren't 48．to share 49．sounds
50．went 51．has seen 52．is washing 53．was riding 54．had taught
【课堂练习2】
55．neighborhood 56．are not allowed 57．beautiful 58．obeys / follows
59．awake 60．was shopping 61．truth 62．Did…go 63．chicken
64．living 65．knives 66．uncrowded 67．help 68．staying, going
69．have known 70．was 71．finishes 72．married 73．pollution 74．see
75．fell off 76．Think ; over 77．filled with 78．giving ; surprise 79．no longer
80．yourselves 81．deeply 82．height 83．innocent 84．unhealthy
85．better 86．offering 87． to solve 88．closed 89．weeks'
课后练习
【练习1】
1-5：DADCC 6-10：CCCDD
【练习2】
1-5：DBAAA 6-10:DADDA 11-15:CCBBA 16-20:CBDDC
【练习3】
1-5:CCCCA6-8：CBB
第十讲：书面表达技巧
（一）
【参考范文】
Dear Sigmund Friend,
My name is Daniel. I’m from Sunshine Middle School. I am fifteen years old. Now I am a Grade 9 student. I love sports very much because it can bring strength to my body and mind. I am very confident and I am not afraid of making speeches in front of many people.
However, I have some problems now. I have too much homework every day. I often stay up late to finish it. I don’t get enough sleep and I feel tired in class. I find it hard to achieve a balance between my homework and my hobby.
What should I do? Can you offer me some valuable suggestions? I look forward to hearing from you soon.
Best wishes.
Daniel
【名师点睛】
1. 细心审题，明确要求 。
搞清题目的要求，以便根据不同的题材、体裁，写出不同格式，风格各异的文章，此外，还要注意人称、时态、地点等信息，避免出错。
2. 抓住重点，理顺要点。
草拟提纲，分清各要点之间的内在联系，寻求逻辑次序，分出层次，确定如何下手，使表达内容条理清楚。
4. 连句成篇，修改润色。
检查主题是否明确，表达方式是否恰当，接下来检查所写内容是否切题，该交待的内容是否交待了，最后检查所用时态、人称是否符合要求。检查段落是否完整，句子表达是否准确，语法、拼写、标点、移行、大小写等方面是否有误。
（二）
【参考范文】
Boys and girls,
As Francis Bacon once said, reading makes a full man. A good book can affect our life in one way or another. My Life Story by Helen Keller is one such book as touched my heart. It is about how Helen overcame her physical disabilities and succeeded by struggling in her long and hard learning period.
From the book, I learned that whenever we come across difficulties or even misfortune, we should never give in or run away. Instead, we are supposed to face them bravely and try to find ways out. Reading can not only improve our ability to understand the world, but also wash our souls. To live an enjoyable and meaningful life, let’s read more good books!
That’s all. Thank you!
【亮点说明】
文章首句引用名人名言As Francis Bacon once said, reading makes a full man. 引出话题A good book can affect our life in one way or another。这可谓事半功倍，为文章开了个好头。向听众介绍自己读过的一本好书时，用一个简单句My Life Story by Helen Keller is one such book as touched my heart.直接明了，使听众一下就能接受到这些信息。 复合句It is about how Helen overcame her physical disabilities and succeeded by struggling in her long and hard learning period.介绍了书籍内容，为后文自己的感受埋下伏笔。文章的结尾非常具有鼓动性，尽显文章风采。
（三）
【参考范文】
Dear Carl,
Thank you very much for telling me about your problems. I hope I can help you. You want to be a reporter in the future, but you are too quiet and you don’t enjoy talking with others. You like wearing red clothes but your classmates think you are like a girl and often laugh at you. You are a student, so you are busy every day. You must have lots of homework, but you are crazy about basketball. You spend a lot of time playing basketball. Like this, you will find you are tired. You should give it up. You don’t stay up late. If you make low marks in exams, you will feel stressed. You should talk about this to your parents or your best friends. They can help you. Please work hard to get good marks. I believe you will go to high school. I hope you think my advice is valuable to you.
Best wishes.
Mr. Friend
【亮点说明】
本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了Carl的问题，接下来介绍我的建议，最后我希望你认为我的建议有用。此处thank you for doing sth, want to do sth, enjoy doing sth, like doing sth, laugh at ,be crazy about, spend time doing sth, give up, stay up, work hard等这些词组的运用也给文章增色不少。
（四）
【思路导航】
本篇书面表达是一封书信，结合本题所给的写作信息，阐述＂如何学好英语＂建议。根据内容提示可知本文应运用一般现在时态，注意一些常见句式的应用。写作中注意连词、固定短语的交替使用，使文意连接紧密，还要注意使用丰富的语句，注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系，最后最好要表达出自己的感想和看法。
【参考范文】
Dear Wang Wei，
I received your email yesterday. In the email，you asked me how to improve your English. Now I’d like to give you some advice.
Watching English films and listening to English songs are great ways to learn English! Watch and listen several times，and guess the meaning of the new words.
Having a conversation with a foreign teacher is also a good way. You’d better start it with greetings or a question. Also，smile before you speak and do not feel shy. Write four or five words a day on pieces of paper and place them in your room. Read the words when you see them，and try to use them.
These are my suggestions. I hope they are useful to you.
Yours，
Zhang Hua
【亮点说明】
本文结构紧凑，语言简练。文中great ways to do sth，having a conversation with, had better, start it with, place them in your room, try to, and等词（组）的恰当使用，使上下文意连接紧密；文中还多处使用了动名词作主语的句型，and并列句、时间状语从句等复合句，大大增加了信息的容量，使文章增色不少，值得学习。