课时素养评价
八 Unit
3 Learning
about
Language
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
Little
Tom
sat
amazed
(amaze)
watching
the
monkey
dancing
in
front
of
him.
2.
(2020·天津高考)Completed
(complete)
in
1931,
the
Empire
State
Building,
the
highest
skyscraper
until
1954,
inspired
the
imagination
of
the
world.
3.
The
experience
gained
(gain)
from
practice
will
be
of
great
value
to
us.
4.
Mrs
White
showed
her
students
some
old
maps
borrowed
(borrow)
from
the
library.
5.
Blamed
(blame)
for
the
breakdown
of
the
school
computer
network,
Alice
was
in
low
spirits.
6.
Unless
invited
(invite)
to
speak,
you
should
remain
silent
at
the
conference.
7.
Translated
(translate)
into
English,
the
sentence
was
found
to
have
an
entirely
different
word
order.
8.
Having
finished
the
interview,
the
manager
went
to
his
office,
followed
(follow)
by
the
interviewer.
9.
To
return
to
the
problem
of
water
pollution
,
I’d
like
you
to
look
at
a
study
conducted
(conduct)
in
Australia
in
2012.
pared(compare)
with
he
escaped
driver,
I
am
proud
of
what
I
did.
Ⅱ.
句型转换:
用过去分词升级句子
1.
(1)The
exhibition
will
be
held
in
the
city
Museum.
(2)It
is
located
in
the
north
of
our
city.
→The
exhibition
will
be
held
in
the
city
Museum,
located
in
the
north
of
our
city.
?
2.
If
he
is
given
time,
he’ll
make
a
first-class
tennis
player.
→If
given
time,
he’ll
make
a
first-class
tennis
player.
?
3.
He
was
encouraged
by
his
parents,
so
he
gradually
has
confidence
in
overcoming
the
difficulties.
→
Encouraged
by
his
parents,
so
he
gradually
has
confidence
in
overcoming
the
difficulties.
?
4.
Linda
worked
for
the
Minnesota
Manufacturing
and
Mining
Company,
which
is
known
as
3M.
→Linda
worked
for
the
Minnesota
Manufacturing
and
Mining
Company,
known
as
3M.
?
5.
(1)The
girl
was
attracted
by
the
beauty
of
nature.
(2)The
girl
from
London
decided
to
spend
another
two
days
on
the
farm.
→Attracted
by
the
beauty
of
nature,
the
girl
from
London
decided
to
spend
another
two
days
on
the
farm.
?
6.
When
these
products
were
first
introduced
to
the
market,
they
enjoyed
great
success.
→When
first
introduced
to
the
market,
these
products
enjoyed
great
success.
?
7.
(1)He
was
dressed
in
a
white
uniform.
(2)He
looks
more
like
a
cook
than
a
doctor.
→Dressed
in
a
white
uniform,
he
looks
more
like
a
cook
than
a
doctor.
?
8.
(1)The
Town
Hall
was
completed
in
the
1800’s.
(2)It
was
the
most
outstanding
building
at
that
time.
→The
Town
Hall
completed
in
the
1800’s
was
the
most
outstanding
building
at
that
time.
?
9.
Because
most
of
the
parents
are
devoted
to
their
own
work,
they
spend
little
time
with
their
children.
→Devoted
to
their
own
work,
most
of
the
parents
spend
little
time
with
their
children.
?
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
(2020·衡水高二检测)
Many
leading
AI
researchers
think
that
in
a
matter
of
decades,
artificial
intelligence
will
be
able
to
do
not
merely
some
of
our
jobs,
but
all
of
our
jobs,
forever
transforming
life
on
the
earth.
The
reason
why
many
people
reject
this
as
science
fiction
is
that
we’ve
traditionally
thought
of
intelligence
as
something
mysterious
that
can
only
exist
in
biological
organisms,
especially
humans.
But
such
an
idea
is
unscientific.
From
my
point
of
view
as
a
physicist
and
AI
researcher,
intelligence
is
simply
a
certain
kind
of
information-processing
performed
by
elementary
particles
(基本粒子)
moving
around,
and
there
is
no
law
of
physics
that
says
one
can’t
build
machines
more
intelligent
than
us
in
all
ways.
This
suggests
that
we’ve
only
seen
the
tip
of
the
intelligence
iceberg
and
that
there
is
an
amazing
potential
to
unlock
the
full
intelligence
that
is
potential
in
nature
and
use
it
to
help
humanity.
If
we
get
it
right,
the
upside
is
huge.
Since
everything
we
love
about
civilization
is
the
product
of
intelligence,
amplifying
(扩大)
our
own
intelligence
with
AI
has
the
potential
to
solve
tomorrow’s
toughest
problems.
For
example,
why
risk
our
loved
ones
dying
in
traffic
accidents
that
self-driving
cars
could
prevent
or
dying
of
cancers
that
AI
might
help
us
find
cures
for?
Why
not
increase
productivity
through
automation
and
use
AI
to
accelerate
our
research
and
development
of
affordable
sustainable
(可持续的)
energy?
I’m
optimistic
that
we
can
develop
rapidly
with
advanced
AI
as
long
as
we
win
the
race
between
the
growing
power
of
our
technology
and
the
knowledge
with
which
we
manage
it.
But
this
requires
giving
up
our
outdated
concept
of
learning
from
mistakes.
That
helped
us
win
the
race
with
less
powerful
technology.
We
messed
up
with
fire
and
then
invented
fire
extinguishers
(灭火器),
and
we
messed
up
with
cars
and
then
invented
seat
belts.
However,
it’s
an
awful
idea
for
more
powerful
technologies,
such
as
nuclear
weapons
or
super
intelligent
AI—where
even
a
single
mistake
is
unacceptable
and
we
need
to
get
things
right
the
first
time.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。作者是一个物理学家和人工智能研究者,
他向我们阐述了我们对人工智能发展的误解及人工智能的优势。
1.
How
do
many
people
feel
about
leading
AI
researchers’
predictions?
A.
Worried.
B.
Curious.
C.
Doubtful.
D.
Disappointed.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中的
“many
people
reject
this
as
science
fiction”
可以推知,
很多人不相信
AI
研究者的预言,
认为那更像是科幻小说,
故选C。
2.
What
does
the
author
think
of
intelligence?
A.
We
know
little
about
it.
B.
It
belongs
to
human
beings.
C.
It
is
too
difficult
to
understand.
D.
We
have
a
good
command
of
it.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的
“we’ve
only
seen
the
tip
of
the
intelligence
iceberg”
可知,
作者认为,
人类对智能的认识还只是冰山一角,
故选A。
3.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“upside”
in
Paragraph
4
probably
mean?
A.
Cost.
B.
Potential.
C.
Quantity.
D.
Advantage.
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。第四段主要论述了恰当利用人工智能的好处,
第一句是本段的主句。
upside
意为
“好的一面,
优势”,
相当于
advantage,
故选D。
4.
What’s
important
for
us
in
the
race
between
people
and
technology?
A.
Learning
from
failure.
B.
Increasing
our
intelligence.
C.
Avoiding
making
mistakes.
D.
Making
exact
predictions.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的
“we
can
develop
rapidly
with
advanced
AI.
.
.
giving
up
our
outdated
concept
of
learning
from
mistakes.
”
可知,
作者认为赢得这场比赛的关键在于抛弃
“从错误中学习”
的过时理念,
故选C。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
I
woke
up
this
morning
feeling
stressed.
That
is 1
I
have
new
essays
to
write
in
two
days,
and
the
2
of
a
huge
project
is
coming
up.
And
I
also
have
a
sick
kid
and
a
sick
husband
to
3 .
This
week,
my
house
is
also
under
repair.
Because
of
lack
of
money,
I
have
to
do
a
lot
of
things
4 .
I
have
four
walls
to
paint,
a
few
lights
to
fix,
and
so
on.
?
Although
I
feel
stressful,
I
am
sure
I
can 5
it
with
a
detailed
plan
for
all
the
things.
Then
I
will
6
a
single
item
from
my
plan
when
I
finish
it.
I
need
no
7
and
no
moaning
and
groaning
(唉声叹气).
I
only
need
all
my
8
to
get
my
tasks
done.
When
I
get
9
of
some
tasks,
I
do
something
else
in
my
plan
or
look
after
my
beloved
ones.
For
example,
painting
a
wall
is
a
good
way
to
take
a
break
from
writing
and
a
trip
to
the
stores
to
buy
necessities
can
10
the
boredom
of
painting.
In
this
way,
I
11
do
the
things
in
my
plan
and
move
forward
with
12 .
I
always
reject
the
13
thoughts:
It
doesn’t
matter
that
I
can’t
finish
my
tasks
on
time.
No
one
is
going
to
die
if
we
14
them
for
a
day
or
two.
For
me,
anyway,
I
can’t
leave
today’s
tasks
till
tomorrow
so
I
always
complete
everything
15
the
time
limit.
?
So
at
the
end
of
the
day,
I
finally
finish
my
tasks
and 16
my
family
to
a
good
meal
happily.
It
is
lucky
that
my
beloved
kid
and
husband
will
17
in
a
short
time.
While
relaxing
in
the
evening,
I
think
that
there
will
always
be
a
18
after
hard
work.
I
believe
a
good
19 ,
hard
work
and
perseverance
can
20
the
good
result
we
desire.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议的记叙文。主要记叙了作者遇到了一些困难,
通过制订好工作计划,
合理规划时间完成工作的事情。
1.
A.
why B.
when
C.
because D.
how
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。上文提到作者感到有压力,
是因为在两天内有新的短文要写。That
is
because那是因为。
2.
A.
deadline
B.
change
C.
condition
D.
issue
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。此处指作者感到有压力的原因是项目的截止日期要到了。deadline截止日期;
change改变;
condition条件;
issue问题。
3.
A.
encourage
B.
consider
C.
teach
D.
attend
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。句意:
我还要照顾(attend)一个生病的孩子和一个生病的丈夫。
4.
A.
immediately
B.
actively
C.
personally
D.
fully
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。句意:
因为缺钱,
我不得不亲自做很多事情。immediately立即;
actively活跃地;
personally亲自地;
fully充分地。
5.
A.
take
B.
make
C.
solve
D.
overcome
【解析】选B。习语搭配题。句意:
虽然我感到有压力,
但我相信我可以通过为所有的事情做一个详细的计划而达到目标。短语make
it
“达到目标”。
6.
A.
kill
B.
prevent
C.
get
D.
remove
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。句意:
然后每当我完成一项事情时,
我就从我的计划中划掉(remove)一个项目。
7.
A.
help
B.
complaints
C.
praise
D.
skills
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。据下文moaning
and
groaning可知本空指抱怨。help帮助;
complaints抱怨;
praise赞美;
skills技巧。
8.
A.
function
B.
freedom
C.
energy
D.
sense
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。句意:
我只需要我所有的精力来完成我的任务。
function功能;
freedom自由;
energy能量,
精力;
sense感觉。
9.
A.
tired
B.
excited
C.
angry
D.
delighted
【解析】选A。习语搭配题。此处指当作者厌倦了一些任务时,
会在计划中做一些其他的事情,
或者照顾作者所爱的人。固定短语get
tired
of“厌倦”。
10.
A.
simplify
B.
relieve
C.
increase
D.
add
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。句意:
例如,
刷墙是一个从写作中休息的好方法,
去商店买必需品可以缓解(relieve)绘画的无聊。
11.
A.
effectively
B.
frequently
C.
occasionally
D.
specially
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。句意:
通过这种方式,
我有效地完成计划中的工作。effectively有效地;
frequently频繁地;
occasionally偶尔地;
specially特别地。
12.
A.
respect
B.
emotion
C.
fame
D.
effort
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。上文提到作者有效率地做自己计划中的事情,
并且付出努力来进行这些事情。
respect尊重;
emotion情感;
fame名誉;
effort努力。
13.
A.
careful
B.
serious
C.
negative
D.
pleasant
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。由下文It
doesn’t
matter
that
I
can’t
finish
my
tasks
on
time.
可知作者拒绝“消极的”想法。careful仔细的;
serious严肃的;
negative消极的;
pleasant高兴的。
14.
A.
ignore
B.
enjoy
C.
delay
D.
remember
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。句意:
如果我们推迟它们一两天,
没有人会死。ignore忽视;
enjoy喜爱;
delay推迟;
remember记住。
15.
A.
within
B.
beyond
C.
over
D.
against
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。句意:
对我来说,
无论如何,
我不能把今天的任务留到明天,
所以我总是在时间限制内完成所有的事情。within在……之内;
beyond超出;
over在……之上;
against反对。
16.
A.
remind
B.
treat
C.
follow
D.
prepare
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。由下文good
meal可知作者用丰盛的晚餐招待家人,
remind提醒;
treat招待;
follow跟随;
prepare准备。
17.
A.
react
B.
return
C.
relax
D.
recover
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。句意:
幸运的是,
我心爱的孩子和丈夫很快就会康复。
react反应;
return返回;
relax放松;
recover恢复。
18.
A.
sleep
B.
award
C.
rest
D.
reward
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。句意:
在晚上放松的时候,
我想努力工作后总会有回报的。sleep睡觉;
award奖品;
rest休息;
reward奖励,
回报。
19.
A.
choice
B.
plan
C.
day
D.
luck
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。句意:
我相信一个好的计划,
努力工作和毅力可以带来我们想要的好结果。
choice选择;
plan计划;
day天;
luck运气。
20.
A.
bring
about
B.
agree
with
C.
come
to
D.
make
up
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。句意:
我相信努力工作和毅力可以带来我们想要的好结果。
bring
about引起,
带来;
agree
with同意;
come
to来到;
make
up编造。
语法填空
From
Readers
to
National
Treasure,
TV
programs
trying
to
make
the
best
1.
__________
Chinese
audience’s
growing
interest
in
traditional
culture
had
a
great
year
in
2017.
?
During
a
time
2.
__________
hiring
famous
pop
stars
has
become
main
trends
in
drawing
younger
Chinese
viewers,
no
one
ever
expected
that
these
slow-paced
and
serious
shows
focused
on
Chinese
tradition
and
culture
would
3.
__________
(accept)
so
widely.
But
the
fact
is
that
shows
like
The
Chinese
Poetry
Conference
and
Letters
Alive
quickly
climbed
to
4.
__________
top
of
the
national
TV
ratings.
The
popularity
of
this
type
of
program
shows
that
many
Chinese
are
eager
5.
__________(learn)
more
about
traditional
culture.
?
While
Letters
Alive
and
Readers
invite
people
from
all
walks
of
life
to
read
letters,
6.
__________(story)
or
poems
written
by
respectable
writers
and
other
great
people,
National
Treasure
focuses
on
the
7.
__________
(attract)
stories
and
history
behind
national-level
cultural
relics
.
?
One
reason
for
these
shows’
being
8.
__________
(huge)
successful
might
be
their
human
focus.
Literary
works
9.
__________(share)
in
these
shows
talk
about
real
life
and
they
also
attract
regular
viewers
rather
than
just
literature
lovers.
National
Treasure
focuses
on
introducing
ancient
treasures,
10.
__________
it
focuses
more
on
the
human
stories
behind
them.
?
【文章大意】近几年,
一系列聚焦中国优秀传统文化的节目相继涌现。《中国诗词大会》《见字如面》《朗读者》《国家宝藏》等无不广受好评。在满屏娱乐类综艺节目的今天,
文化类节目相继涌现是一种时代的必然,
也是一种价值的回归。
1.
【解析】of。考查介词。make
the
best
of意为“充分利用”,
是固定搭配。
2.
【解析】when。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,
空处所填词引导定语从句。先行词a
time表示时间,
关系词在从句中作时间状语,
故填when。
3.
【解析】be
accepted。考查动词的语态。主语是“these
slow-paced
and
serious
shows
focused
on
Chinese
tradition
and
culture”,
与accept之间是被动关系,
故用被动语态。又因为空前有would,
故填be
accepted。
4.
【解析】the。考查冠词。to
the
top
of意为“到……顶部”,
定冠词the在此表示特指。
5.
【解析】to
learn。考查非谓语动词。be
eager
to
do
sth.
“渴望做某事”。
6.
【解析】stories。考查名词的数。根据letters,
poems,
可知此处应用story的复数stories.
7.
【解析】attractive。考查形容词。空处所填词修饰名词,
故填形容词attractive(有吸引力的)。
8.
【解析】hugely。考查副词。空处所填词修饰形容词successful,
故用所给词的副词形式。
9.
【解析】shared。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,
空处应填非谓语动词作后置定语。literary
works与share之间是被动关系,
且表示动作的完成。故用过去分词作定语。
10.
【解析】but。考查并列连词。根据句意可知,
此处应为转折关系。句意:
《国家宝藏》注重介绍古代宝藏,
但更侧重于它们背后的人类故事。
PAGE课时素养评价
九 Unit
3 Using
Language
Ⅰ.
单词拼写
1.
They
lost
their
way
in
the
desert
(沙漠)
and
died
of
thirst.
2.
Today
every
citizen(公民)
aged
eighteen
or
over
has
the
right
to
vote.
3.
You
must
give
me
an
instant(立即的)
reply
or
I’ll
miss
the
train.
4.
I’ll
pick
the
empty
up
and
throw
it
into
the
dustbin(垃圾箱).
5.
He
is
a
professor
of
ecology
(生态学)working
in
this
famous
university.
6.
He
stared
at
the
diamonds
with
greedy
(贪婪的)eyes.
7.
You
are
asked
to
swallow(吞下)
a
capsule
containing
Vitamin
B.
8.
There
are
masses
of
teaching
materials(材料)
to
choose
from.
9.
People
should
recycle(回收)
the
waste
paper
to
protect
the
earth.
10.
We
must
try
to
figure
out
the
motivation(动机)
behind
the
changes.
Ⅱ.
选词填空
speed
up,
blame
for,
be
greedy
for,
turn.
.
.
into,
take
place,
stare
at
1.
Not
everybody
is
simply
greedy
for
power.
?
2.
We
want
to
speed
up
development
and
construction.
?
3.
Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
my
home
village.
?
4.
Don’t
stare
at
me
because
it’s
impolite.
?
5.
Local
people
are
trying
to
turn
their
hometown
into
a
tourist
attraction.
6.
The
policy
is
partly
to
blame
for
causing
the
worst
unemployment
in
Europe.
?
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
Surrounded
by
his
students,
the
teacher
went
into
the
lab.
这个老师被学生们环绕着走进了实验室。
2.
I
feel
honored
to
be
your
guide
and
I
will
show
you
around
the
Great
Wall
tomorrow.
?
很荣幸成为你们的导游。明天我将带领你们参观长城。
3.
The
teacher
was
telling
a
story,
surrounded
by
several
lovely
kids.
?
那位老师正在讲故事,
几个可爱的孩子围在身边。
4.
We
cannot
blame
the
tools
for
the
faults
of
the
user.
我们不能因为使用者的使用不当而责备仪器。
5.
Out
came
a
shout
for
help
from
the
room.
?
房间里传出一声呼救。
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
A
small
robot
may
help
children
who
are
recovering
from
a
long-term
illnesses
in
the
hospital
or
at
home.
These
children
may
feel
isolated
from
their
friends
and
classmates.
The
robot
takes
their
place
at
school.
Through
the
robot,
the
children
can
hear
their
teachers
and
friends.
They
also
can
take
part
in
class
from
wherever
they
are
recovering.
Anyone
who
has
had
a
long-term
illness
knows
that
recovering
at
home
can
be
lonely.
This
can
be
especially
true
for
children.
They
may
feel
left
out.
Now,
these
children
may
have
a
high-tech
friend
to
help
feel
less
alone.
That
friend
is
a
robot.
The
robot
is
called
AV1.
AV1
goes
to
school
for
a
child
who
is
homebound
while
recovering
from
a
long-term
illness.
And
the
child’s
school
friends
must
help.
They
carry
the
robot
between
classes
and
place
the
robot
on
the
child’s
desk.
A
Norwegian
company
called
No
Isolation
created
the
robot.
The
co-founders
of
No
Isolation
are
Karen
Dolva
and
Marius
Aabel.
Dolva
explains
how
the
robot
AV1
works.
She
says
from
home,
the
child
uses
a
tablet
or
phone
to
start
the
robot.
Then
they
use
the
same
device
to
control
the
robot’s
movements.
At
school,
the
robot
becomes
the
eyes,
ears
and
voice
of
the
child.
“So,
it
sits
at
the
child’s
desk
in
the
classroom
and
the
child
uses
a
tablet
or
a
phone
to
start
it,
control
its
movement
with
touch,
and
talk
through
it.
So
it’s
the
eyes
and
the
ears
and
the
voice
at
school.
”
The
student
can
take
part
in
classroom
activities
from
wherever
they
are
recovering—whether
at
home
or
from
a
hospital
bed.
The
robot
is
equipped
with
speakers,
microphones
and
cameras
that
makes
communicating
easy.
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。介绍了一家挪威公司研发的机器人可以帮助那些需要长期住院休养的孩子。
1.
Which
of
the
following
can
replace
the
underlined
word
“isolated”?
A.
freed
B.
separated
C.
tired
D.
banned
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据上文“children
who
are
recovering
from
a
long-term
illnesses
in
the
hospital
or
at
home.
”可知,
长期在医院或家里康复,
他们可能会感觉与朋友和同学隔绝了,
由此可知画线词词义为“隔绝、分离”。
2.
What
can’t
children
do
through
the
robot?
A.
Take
part
in
the
class.
B.
Talk
with
their
friends.
C.
Write
on
the
blackboard.
D.
Hear
their
teachers.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,
机器人能代替孩子上课、和朋友聊天、听老师讲课,
但是文中没有提到能“在黑板上写”,
故选C。
3.
How
do
children
control
the
robot’s
movements?
A.
By
talking
with
the
robot.
B.
By
taking
part
in
class
activities.
C.
By
the
microphones
equipped
in
it.
D.
By
touching
the
tablet
or
phone.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中the
child
uses
a
tablet
or
phone
to
start
the
robot可知,
孩子用平板电脑或电话来启动机器人。
4.
What’s
the
robot
mainly
designed
for?
A.
Children
who
have
just
recovered
from
illnesses.
B.
Children
who
can’t
go
to
school
for
a
long
time.
C.
Children
who
are
bored
with
going
to
school.
D.
Children
who
can’t
see,
hear
or
speak.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段A
small
robot
may
help
children
who
are
recovering
from
a
long-term
illnesses
in
the
hospital
or
at
home.
可知这款机器人是为那些在医院或家里从长期疾病中康复而长期无法上学的儿童设计的。
B
By
mid-century
there
will
likely
be
9
billion
people
on
the
planet,
using
ever
more
resources
and
leading
ever
more
technologically
complex
lives.
What
will
our
cities
be
like?
How
much
will
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
advance?
Will
global
warming
cause
disastrous
changes,
or
will
we
be
able
to
engineer
our
way
out
of
the
climate
change
issues?
Recently,
the
magazine
Big
Think
asked
top
minds
from
a
variety
of
fields
to
weigh
in
on
what
the
future
holds
40
years
from
now.
The
result
is
as
follows.
It’s
likely
that
by
2050
the
majority
of
the
people
in
the
world
will
live
in
urban
(城市的)
areas,
and
will
have
a
much
higher
average
age
than
people
today.
Cities
theorist
Richard
Florida
thinks
urbanization
will
reinvent
the
education
system
of
the
United
States,
making
our
economy
less
real
estate
(房地产)driven
and
erasing
the
divisions
between
home
and
work.
And
rapidly
advancing
technology
will
continue
ever
more
rapidly.
Cities
of
the
future
won’t
look
like
“some
sort
of
science-fiction
fantasy”,
but
it’s
likely
that
technological
advances
and
information
overlays
(VR
and
AR)
will
greatly
change
how
we
live.
Self-driving
cars
will
make
the
roads
safer
and
provide
faster
transports.
A
larger
version
of
driverless
cars
--driverless
trucks
--may
make
long-distance
drivers
out
of
date.
Some
long
view
predictions
are
completely
dire.
Environmentalist
Bill
McKibben
says
that
if
we
don’t
make
great
progress
in
fighting
global
warming,
it’s
likely
we
could
see
out-of-control
rises
in
sea
levels,
huge
crop
shortfalls
and
wars
over
limited
fresh
water
resources.
In
terms
of
how
we
will
eat,
green
markets
founder
and
“real
food”
supporter
Nina
Planck
believes
that
there
will
be
more
small
milk
processing
plants,
and
more
regional
food
operations
--and
we’ll
be
healthier
as
a
result.
The
New
York
Times
feature
writer
Mark
Bittman
thinks
that
people
will
eat
fewer
processed
foods,
and
eat
foods
grown
closer
to
where
they
live.
And
Anson
Mills
farmer
Glenn
Roberts
thinks
that
more
people
will
be
aware
of
the
“ethical(道德的)
responsibility”
to
grow
and
preserve
land-raised
farm
systems.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,
介绍了各领域专家对未来生活的预测,
包括城市生活、科技、环境、农业这几方面。
5.
What
may
happen
by
2050?
A.
Most
people
will
live
in
cities.
B.
The
aging
population
will
drop.
C.
Home
education
will
become
a
trend.
D.
The
economy
will
be
driven
by
real
estate.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段的It’s
likely
that
by
2050
the
majority
of
the
people
in
the
world
will
live
in
urban
areas可知,
到2050年,
大多数人将会住在城市。
6.
What
do
we
know
about
technology
in
the
future?
A.
It
will
give
cities
a
science-fiction
appearance.
B.
It
will
greatly
change
the
way
people
live.
C.
It
will
lead
to
an
increase
in
the
number
of
cars.
D.
It
will
ensure
faster
transports
with
fast
cars.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段的And
rapidly
advancing
technology.
.
.
will
greatly
change
how
we
live可知,
科技将极大地改变人们的生活方式。
7.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“dire”
in
the
fourth
paragraph
mean?
A.
Interesting.
B.
Daring.
C.
Terrible.
D.
Creative.
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。画线词所在句的下文指出全球变暖会导致海平面上升、粮食短缺、爆发争夺淡水资源的战争,
这些都属于糟糕的、负面的预测,
因而terrible符合上下文逻辑。
8.
What
does
Mark
Bittman
think
of
foods
in
the
future?
A.
People
will
eat
healthier
and
fresher
foods.
B.
Land-raised
farm
systems
will
be
improved.
C.
There
will
be
more
regional
food
operations.
D.
Food
supplies
will
become
much
more
limited.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段people
will
eat
fewer
processed
foods,
and
eat
foods
grown
closer
to
where
they
live可知,
种植地距离近会减少运输时间,
保证了食物的新鲜度,
另外食物未经加工,
避免了营养成分的破坏,
由此可知,
人们在未来会吃到更健康、更新鲜的食物。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
Being
good
at
something
and
having
a
passion
for
it
are
not
enough.
Success
1
fundamentally
on
our
view
of
ourselves
and
of
the
2
in
our
lives.
?
When
twelve-year-old
John
Wilson
walked
into
his
chemistry
class
on
a
rainy
day
in
1931,
he
had
no
3
of
knowing
that
his
life
was
to
change
4 .
The
class
experiment
that
day
was
to
5
how
heating
a
container
of
water
would
bring
air
bubbling
(冒泡)
to
the
surface.
6 ,
the
container
the
teacher
gave
Wilson
to
heat
7
held
something
more
volatile
(易挥发的)
than
water.
When
Wilson
heated
it,
the
container
8 ,
leaving
Wilson
blinded
in
both
eyes.
?
When
Wilson
returned
home
from
hospital
two
months
later,
his
parents
9
to
find
a
way
to
deal
with
the
catastrophe
that
had
10
their
lives.
But
Wilson
did
not
regard
the
accident
as
11 .
He
learned
braille
(盲文)
quickly
and
continued
his
education
at
Worcester
College
for
the
Blind.
There,
he
not
only
did
well
as
a
student
but
also
became
a(n)
12
public
speaker.
?
Later,
he
worked
in
Africa,
where
many
people
suffered
from
13
for
lack
of
proper
treatment.
For
him,
it
was
one
thing
to
14
his
own
fate
of
being
blind
and
quite
another
to
allow
something
to
continue
15
it
could
be
fixed
so
easily.
This
moved
him
to
action.
And
tens
of
millions
in
Africa
and
Asia
can
see
because
of
the
16
Wilson
made
to
preventing
the
17 .
?
Wilson
received
several
international
18
for
his
great
contributions.
He
lost
his
sight
but
found
a
19 .
He
proved
that
it’s
not
what
happens
to
us
that
20
our
lives—it’s
what
we
make
of
what
happens.
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了一名身残志坚的学生帮助数千万人避免失明厄运的故事。
1.
A.
depends
B.
holds C.
keeps
D.
reflects
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。句意:
成功取决于我们对自己和生活中发生的事情的看法。depend
on依靠,
取决于;
hold
on坚持,
抓住;
keep
on继续;
reflect
on思考。故选A。
2.
A.
dilemmas
B.
accidents
C.
events
D.
steps
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。成功取决于我们对自己和生活中所发生的事情的看法。dilemma窘境;
accident事故;
event事件;
step步骤。故选C。
3.
A.
way
B.
hope
C.
plan
D.
measure
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。句意:
他无法知道他的生活完全改变了。have
no
way
of
knowing无从知晓。way方法;
hope希望;
plan计划;
measure措施,
方法。
4.
A.
continually
B.
gradually
C.
gracefully
D.
completely
【解析】选D。词义辨析题。根据下文可知,
他成了盲人,
可知他的生活完全改变了。continually持续地;
gradually逐渐地;
gracefully优雅地;
completely完全地。故选D。
5.
A.
direct
B.
show
C.
support
D.
declare
【解析】选B。词义辨析题。句意:
那天的课堂实验是展示加热容器中的水,
气泡会上升到表面。direct指导;
show展示;
support支持;
declare宣布。故选B。
6.
A.
Anyway
B.
Moreover
C.
Somehow
D.
Thus
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。句意:
不知怎么地,
老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更易挥发的东西。anyway无论怎样;
moreover而且;
somehow不知为什么;
thus因此。故选C。
7.
A.
mistakenly
B.
casually
C.
amazingly
D.
dully
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。mistakenly错误地;
casually漫不经心地;
amazingly惊人地;
dully单调地;
沉闷地。故选A。
8.
A.
erupted
B.
exploded
C.
emptied
D.
exposed
【解析】选B。背景常识题。因为加热的是易挥发的液体,
所以器皿会爆炸。erupt喷发;
explode爆炸;
empty倒空;
expose揭露。故选B。
9.
A.
deserved
B.
attempted
C.
cared
D.
agreed
【解析】选B。词义辨析题。句意:
当两个月后威尔逊从医院返回家中时,
他的父母试图找到应对他们生活中所发生的这场灾难的方法。deserve值得;
attempt企图;
care关心;
agree同意。故选B。
10.
A.
submitted
to
B.
appealed
to
C.
impressed
on
D.
happened
to
【解析】选D。短语辨析题。生活中发生的灾难。submit
to提交,
服从;
appeal
to吸引;
impress
on留下印象;
happen
to发生。故选D。
11.
A.
fantastic
B.
extraordinary
C.
impressive
D.
disastrous
【解析】选D。词义辨析题。根据前句find
a
way
to
deal
with
the
catastrophe,
可知此处用disastrous
“灾难性的”,
威尔逊没有把这次事故看作是灾难性的。fantastic极好的;
extraordinary非凡的;
impressive印象深刻的。故选D。
12.
A.
accomplished
B.
vital
C.
specific
D.
innocent
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。句意:
在那里,
作为学生他不仅表现优异,
而且成为了杰出的公共演说家。accomplished才华高的,
技艺高超的,
熟练的;
vital至关重要的,
关键的;
specific具体的;
innocent天真的,
无辜的,
清白的。故选A。
13.
A.
deafness
B.
depression
C.
blindness
D.
speechlessness
【解析】选C。词语复现题。后来,
他在非洲工作,
那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。deafness耳聋;
depression抑郁,
沮丧;
blindness失明;
speechlessness失语。故选C。
14.
A.
decide
B.
abandon
C.
control
D.
accept
【解析】选D。词义辨析题。句意:
对他来说,
接受自己失明的命运是一回事,
而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下,
让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。decide决定;
abandon抛弃,
放弃;
control控制;
accept接受。故选D。
15.
A.
until
B.
when
C.
unless
D.
before
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。此处指当能容易解决时。故选B。
16.
A.
opposition
B.
adjustments
C.
contribution
D.
limitations
【解析】选C。固定搭配题。句意:
数千万亚洲人和非洲人能够重见光明是因为威尔逊努力地防患于未然。opposition反对;
adjustment调整,
调节;
contribution奉献;
limitation限制。故选C。
17.
A.
preventable
B.
potential
C.
spreadable
D.
influential
【解析】选A。固定搭配题。prevent
the
preventable防患于未然。preventable可预防的,
可阻止的;
potential
潜在的,
有潜力的;
spreadable可传播的,
可涂抹的;
influential有影响力的。故选A。
18.
A.
scholarships
B.
rewards
C.
awards
D.
salaries
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。句意:
威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。scholarship奖学金;
reward报酬;
award奖项;
salary薪水。故选C。
19.
A.
fortune
B.
menu
C.
dream
D.
vision
【解析】选D。词义辨析题。句意:
他失明了,
但是找到了新的视野。fortune运气;
menu菜单;
dream梦,
梦想;
vision视野,
视力。故选D。
20.
A.
recognizes
B.
determines
C.
claims
D.
limits
【解析】选B。词义辨析题。句意:
他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活,
而是我们如何看待发生的事情。recognize辨认出;
determine决定;
claim声称,
要求;
limit限制。故选B。
Ⅲ.
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,
请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,
每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:
在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),
并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:
把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:
在错的词下划一横线,
并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.
只允许修改10处,
多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I
always
wanted
to
be
great
scientist.
I
had
these
dreams
of
discovering
a
new
drug
that
would
save
the
life
of
hundreds
of
people.
Unfortunate,
I
was
never
very
good
at
chemistry
at
school
and
the
teacher
used
to
getting
very
angry
with
me.
After
a
while,
I
decided
I
would
become
an
inventor
and
designed
an
only
product
which
would
become
a
household
name.
My
parents
were
quite
encouraged,
but
told
me
to
be
a
little
more
realistic.
A
few
weeks
late,
I
had
a
clever
idea
for
a
pen
that
would
write
with
upside
down.
To
my
disappointment,
a
friend
of
me
pointed
out
it
was
not
a
new
discovery.
答案:
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者一直梦想成为一名伟大的科学家。好不容易想出的设计,
原来却是已有的发明。
1.
【解析】第一句的be后加a。考查冠词。句意:
我一直想成为一名伟大的科学家。泛指“一名伟大的科学家”,
great发音的第一个音素是辅音音素,
用不定冠词a,
所以be后面加上a。
2.
【解析】第二句的life→lives。考查名词单复数。
“数百人的生命”是复数意义,
用名词复数,
所以life改为lives。
3.
【解析】第三句的Unfortunate→Unfortunately。考查副词。修饰整个句子,
用副词,
所以Unfortunate改为Unfortunately。
4.
【解析】第三句的getting→get。考查固定用法。used
to
do过去常常做某事,
该用法是固定用法,
所以getting改为get。
5.
【解析】第四句的designed→design。考查句子结构。and连接两个并列的谓语动词,
情态动词would之后,
用动词原形,
所以designed改为design。
6.
【解析】第四句的which→that。考查定语从句。这里含有一个定语从句,
先行词是an
inventor
和
an
only
product,
关系词在从句中作主语,
先行词既有人,
又有物,
只能用that,
不能用which,
所以which改为that。
7.
【解析】第五句的encouraged→encouraging。考查形容词。句意:
我的父母很鼓励我,
但告诉我要现实一点。encouraging令人鼓舞的;
encouraged感到鼓舞的,
所以encouraged改为encouraging。
8.
【解析】第六句的late→later。考查常见用法。表示“几周后”,
应该说A
few
weeks
later,
所以late改为later。
9.
【解析】第六句的with去掉。考查动词。句意:
几周后,
我有了一个聪明的主意,
设计出一种可以上下颠倒书写的笔。write
意思是“写”
,
write
with意思是“用……写”,
所以去掉with。
10.
【解析】第七句的me→mine。考查名词性物主代词。文中表示“我的朋友中的一个”,
用名词性物主代词,
所以me改为mine。
PAGE课时素养评价
七 Unit
3 Warming
Up
&
Reading
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
When
it
comes
to
job
interviews,
first
impressions(impress)
are
very
important.
2.
Those
who
constantly(constant)
struggle
for
self-improvement
will
succeed
in
the
end.
3.
I
had
visited
them
three
days
previously
(previous).
4.
Activities
all
take
place
under
the
guidance
(guide)
of
an
experienced
tutor.
5.
People
usually
see
their
own
surroundings(surrounding)
as
a
form
of
free
goods.
6.
They
need
to
be
tolerant
(tolerate)
of
different
points
of
view.
7.
The
factory
had
to
close
down
for
lack
of
orders.
8.
Sometimes
happiness
is
just
a
matter
of
attitude
adjustment(adjust).
9.
As
a
saying
goes,
courage
is
grace
under
pressure(press).
10.
Optimism
is
an
excellent
quality,
but
if
overly
optimistic(optimism),
it
is
stupid.
Ⅱ.
选词填空
take
up,
as
a
result,
similar
to,
be
back
on
one’s
feet,
lose
sight
of,
sweep
up,
in
all
directions,
slide
into,
catch
sight
of
,
in
no
time
1.
He
set
to
work
again
and
made
the
snow
fly
in
all
directions
around
him.
?
2.
Sometimes,
the
smallest
things
take
up
the
most
room
in
your
heart.
?
3.
With
the
right
food
and
nutrition,
you’ll
recover
from
the
flu
in
no
time.
?
4.
She
was
swallowed
up
by
the
crowd
and
we
lost
sight
of
her.
?
5.
Yesterday
I
caught
sight
of
my
friend
and
came
up
to
him.
?
6.
Let’s
pile
up
the
fallen
leaves
in
the
corner
and
sweep
up
the
floor.
?
7.
After
the
physician’s
careful
treatment,
the
sick
girl
was
back
on
her
feet.
?
8.
An
elderly
lady
slid
into
the
seat
when
the
movie
had
already
started.
?
9.
He
made
one
big
mistake,
and
as
a
result
lost
his
job.
?
10.
The
conclusion
he
drew
was
similar
to
that
of
the
expert
in
this
research
institution.
?
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
Now
it
is
the
time
when
we
are
in
need
of
employees.
?
现在正是雇人的时候。
2.
There’s
no
petrol,
so
it’s
very
difficult
to
transport
goods.
?
没有汽油,
因此很难运输货物。
3.
It
looked
as
though
it
might
rain
at
any
minute.
?
看上去好像随时都会下雨。
4.
Satisfied
with
what
he
did,
the
teacher
praised
him
in
class.
?
由于老师对他所做的事很满意,
于是在班里表扬了他。
5.
You
should
be
responsible
for
what
you
have
done
previously.
?
你应该对先前所做的事负责。
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
Like
Marty
McFly’s
banana-powered
DeLorean(德罗宁时光机),
a
future
generation
of
flying
cars
could
tip
over
the
idea
that
all
flying
is
bad
for
the
climate.
Firms
such
as
the
Rolls
Royce,
Lilium
and
Vertical
Aerospace
have
argued
that
flying
cars
could
be
a
green
mode
of
transport
despite
the
large
amounts
of
energy
they
need
to
get
off
the
ground.
One
study
into
the
environmental
impact
of
such
vertical(垂直的)takeoff
and
landing
(VTOL)
vehicles
suggests
their
backers
could
be
right
—
at
least
in
some
circumstances.
Gregory
Keoleian
at
the
University
of
Michigan
and
colleagues
found
that
VTOLs,
if
they
ever
took
to
the
skies,
would
produce
6
percent
less
emissions
than
an
electric
car
over
a
100-kilometre
journey.
”“The
VTOL
is
particularly
energy
intensive
(集中的)during
takeoff
and
landing.
The
flight
phase,
however,
is
much
more
efficient,
and
over
long
distances,
makes
fully
loaded
VTOLs
competitive
with
ground
based
vehicles,
”says
Keoleian.
Flying
cars
would
also
have
the
advantage
of
being
able
to
fly
in
a
straight
line,
by
passing
meandering
routes.
However,
don’t
act
immediately.
The
difference
was
only
very
small
and
there
are
several
big
catches.
Flying
cars
don’t
really
exist
yet
—
they
are
only
at
the
prototype
(蓝本)stage.
The
prototypes
rely
on
electric
power
and
act
as
a
taxi,
but
another
issue
is
that
the
study
is
a
bit
of
an
apples-for-oranges
comparison.
The
researchers
assume
that
each
electric
car
carries
an
average
of
1.
54
passengers
while
the
passengers
and
drivers
of
the
flying
car
are
three
and
one.
The
reason
for
this
assumption
is
that
the
flying
car
will
provide
a
shared
taxi
service
like
UberPool,
but
in
fact
electric
cars
can
do
the
same.
In
addition,
due
to
the
need
for
energy
during
takeoff,
the
emissions
from
the
flight
below
35
km
will
be
more
than
those
of
electric
vehicles.
Keoleian
and
his
team
conclude
flying
cars
could
have
a
minor
role
in
sustainable
transport.
But
even
if
they
do
prove
to
be
green,
they
have
a
lot
of
other
hurdles
to
cross
first.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了飞行汽车的优势以及自身的问题。
1.
Why
do
firms
like
the
Rolls
Royce
argue
for
flying
cars?
A.
They
are
banana-powered.
B.
They
are
energy-saving.
C.
They
run
faster.
D.
They
need
less
energy
to
take
off.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段可知,
像劳斯莱斯这样的公司都在讨论,
飞行汽车可能是一种绿色的交通工具,
尽管升空的时候需要耗费大量的燃料。可推知,
飞行汽车对环境有好处,
能节约能源,
故选B。
2.
What
does
Keoleian’s
study
find
about
the
VTOL
vehicles?
A.
They
are
nearly
perfect.
B.
They
are
able
to
fly
in
a
straight
line.
C.
They
can
win
out
over
long
distances.
D.
They
can
save
6%
energy
than
electric
cars.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段“The
flight
phase,
however,
is
much
more
efficient,
and
over
long
distances,
makes
fully
loaded
VTOLs
competitive
with
ground
based
vehicles,
”says
Keoleian.
可知,
Keoleian认为在飞行期间,
VTOLs更高效,
在长途运输的时候,
满载的VTOLs更能够与传统的汽车相抗衡。可知,
这种飞行汽车优势在于长途运输,
故选C。
3.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“catches”
in
Paragraph
3
refer
to?
A.
Problems.
B.
Advantages.
C.
Differences.
D.
Efforts.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第三段中Flying
cars
don’t
really
exist
yet—they
are
only
at
the
prototype
stage.
可知,
如今飞行汽车还没有量产,
还停留在雏形阶段,
故可知catch意思为“缺陷,
问题”,
故选A。
4.
What
is
the
author’s
attitude
to
flying
cars?
A.
Doubtful.
B.
Supportive.
C.
Disapproving.
D.
Neutral.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。分析文章可知,
作者首先描述飞行汽车的优势,
同时也指出飞行汽车与电动汽车相比,
没有什么实质性的优点,
故可知,
作者对飞行汽车的态度是比较客观和中立的,
故选D。
B
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
The
connection
between
people
and
plants
has
long
been
the
subject
of
scientific
research.
Recent
studies
have
found
positive
effects.
A
study
conducted
in
Youngstown,
Ohio,
for
example,
discovered
that
greener
areas
of
the
city
experienced
less
crime.
In
another,
employees
were
shown
to
be
15%
more
productive
when
their
workplaces
were
decorated
with
houseplants.
The
engineers
at
the
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology(MIT)have
taken
it
a
step
further—changing
the
actual
composition
of
plants
in
order
to
get
them
to
perform
diverse,
even
unusual
functions.
These
include
plants
that
have
sensors
printed
onto
their
leaves
to
show
when
they’re
short
of
water
and
a
plant
that
can
detect
harmful
chemicals
in
groundwater.
“We’re
thinking
about
how
we
can
engineer
plants
to
replace
functions
of
the
things
that
we
use
every
day,
”explained
Michael
Strano,
a
professor
of
chemical
engineering
at
MIT.
One
of
his
latest
projects
has
been
to
make
plants
glow(发光)in
experiments
using
some
common
vegetables.
Strano’s
team
found
that
they
could
create
a
faint
light
for
three-and-a-half
hours.
The
light,
about
one-thousandth
of
the
amount
needed
to
read
by,
is
just
a
start.
The
technology,
Strano
said,
could
one
day
be
used
to
light
the
rooms
or
even
to
turn
trees
into
self-powered
street
lamps.
In
the
future,
the
team
hopes
to
develop
a
version
of
the
technology
that
can
be
sprayed
onto
plant
leaves
in
a
one-off
treatment
that
would
last
the
plant’s
lifetime.
The
engineers
are
also
trying
to
develop
an
on
and
off
“switch”where
the
glow
would
fade
when
exposed
to
daylight.
Lighting
accounts
for
about
7%
of
the
total
electricity
consumed
in
the
US.
Since
lighting
is
often
far
removed
from
the
power
source(电源)—such
as
the
distance
from
a
power
plant
to
street
lamps
on
a
remote
highway
—
a
lot
of
energy
is
lost
during
transmission(传输).
Glowing
plants
could
reduce
this
distance
and
therefore
help
save
energy.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了科学家运用高科技改造绿色植物从而达到节能减排的科学探索。
5.
What
is
the
first
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.
A
new
study
of
different
plants.
B.
A
big
fall
in
crime
rates.
C.
Employees
from
various
workplaces.
D.
Benefits
from
green
plants.
【解析】选D。段落大意题。根据第一段最后两句“例如,
在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现,
城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中发现,
员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰后,
他们的工作效率会提高15%。”可知,
本段主要介绍绿色植物的益处。故选D。
6.
What
is
the
function
of
the
sensors
printed
on
plant
leaves
by
MIT
engineers?
A.
To
detect
plants’
lack
of
water.
B.
To
change
compositions
of
plants.
C.
To
make
the
life
of
plants
longer.
D.
To
test
chemicals
in
plants.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“其中包括在叶子上印上传感器以显示植物的缺水情况,
还可以检测地下水中的有害化学物质。”可知选A。
7.
What
can
we
expect
of
the
glowing
plants
in
the
future?
A.
They
will
speed
up
energy
production.
B.
They
may
transmit
electricity
to
the
home.
C.
They
might
help
reduce
energy
consumption.
D.
They
could
take
the
place
of
power
plants.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“发光的植物可以缩短这个距离,
从而帮助节约能源。”可知这种发光的植物在将来可能会有助于节约能源。
8.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Can
we
grow
more
glowing
plants?
B.
How
do
we
live
with
glowing
plants?
C.
Could
glowing
plants
replace
lamps?
D.
How
are
glowing
plants
made
pollution-free?
【解析】选C。标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院的科研团队的一项研究:
利用特殊的装置让植物发光来照亮房间或把树变成会发光的路灯,
以此来节约和利用能源。故“发光的植物能代替灯吗?
”为最佳标题。
【难句剖析】
In
the
future,
the
team
hopes
to
develop
a
version
of
the
technology
that
can
be
sprayed
onto
plant
leaves
in
a
one-off
treatment
that
would
last
the
plant’s
lifetime.
分析:
本句主干为the
team
hopes
to
develop
a
version
of
the
technology,
其中第一个that引导定语从句,
修饰先行词technology,
在从句中作主语;
第二个that引导定语从句,
修饰先行词treatment。
翻译:
未来,
该团队希望能开发出一种可以一次性喷洒到植物叶子上就能延长植物寿命的技术。
【猜测词义】
We’re
thinking
about
how
we
can
engineer
plants
to
replace
functions
of
the
things
that
we
use
every
day,
”
explained
Michael
Strano,
a
professor
of
chemical
engineering
at
MIT.
What
does
the
underlined
word
mean?
A.
grow B.
design C.
control D.
discover
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Overcome
Culture
Shock
in
the
Classroom
Culture
shock
occurs
in
a
classroom
when
students
are
exposed
to
a
new
situation.
1 .
However,
it
can
also
happen
to
students
moving
from
a
small
town
to
a
large
city,
to
home-schooled
students
starting
formal
school
education
or
to
students
progressing
from
one
level
of
education
to
another.
There
are
several
strategies
that
teachers
can
use
to
help
students
overcome
culture
shock.
?
Make
group
rules
Brainstorm(集体讨论)
group
rules
with
the
class
as
a
whole
to
create
a
safe
space
and
good
learning
environment.
2 .
Rules
could
include
respecting
differences,
listening
when
someone
is
speaking
and
not
teasing,
for
example.
?
Provide
a
partner
Find
a
partner
for
the
new
student
in
the
adjustment
period.
3 .
A
good
partner
is
someone
who
is
friendly,
outgoing
and
patient.
The
partner
should
show
the
new
student
around
the
school,
spend
time
with
him
or
her
after
class
and
eat
lunch
with
him
or
her.
?
Know
the
source
of
a
problem
Identify
problems
early
and
work
with
the
student
and
his
or
her
family
to
deal
with
them.
4 .
It
can
also
be
caused
by
overseas
or
home
school
environment.
Students
and
parents
need
to
be
aware
of
all
the
rules
and
customs.
?
5 ?
Create
lessons
that
include
information
about
different
countries
and
traditions.
These
could
include
story
reading,
geography,
cultural
studies
and
history.
Encourage
the
student
to
share
some
information
about
himself
or
herself.
A.
Create
special
lessons
B.
Respect
other
cultures
C.
They
have
lost
their
own
language
and
culture
D.
Explain
the
rules
and
require
everyone
to
follow
them
E.
A
partner
can
help
him
or
her
quickly
adapt
to
the
new
environment
F.
Classroom
culture
shock
is
often
caused
by
the
very
different
environment
of
a
classroom
G.
Typically,
this
happens
when
a
new
immigrant(移民)
arrives
in
a
classroom
for
the
first
time
【文章大意】本文为议论文。文章论述了如何克服课堂上的文化冲击,
给读者提出了几点建议。
1.
【解析】选G。该空前一句意思是:
当学生面临新的学习环境时,
可能会在教室里遭遇文化冲击。G项意思是:
比较典型的是,
当一个新移民首次进入教室时,
文化冲击就会发生。前后逻辑顺畅,
并且句意符合此处语境。故G选项正确。
2.
【解析】选D。D项中的the
rules和该空前及该空后的
rules相呼应,
并且句意符合此处语境。故D选项正确。
3.
【解析】选E。E项中的A
partner和该空前及该空后的partner相呼应,
并且句意符合此处语境。故E选项正确。
4.
【解析】选F。F项中的Classroom
culture
shock
is
often
caused.
.
.
和该段的标题Know
the
source
of
a
problem及该空后的It
can
also
be
caused.
.
.
相呼应,
并且句意符合此处语境。故F选项正确。
5.
【解析】选A。A项和本段的Create
lessons.
.
.
相呼应,
并且句意代表本段大意。故A选项正确。
Ⅲ.
完形填空
(2020·泰州高二检测)
My
eldest
son
Simon
and
a
group
of
his
good
friends
were
going
to
a
snowfield
and
go
skiing.
However,
their
car
wouldn’t
1 ,
so
I
offered
to
2
them
out
by
taking
them
there
in
my
car.
?
A
round
trip
was
900
kilometers
and
it
would
take
10
hours
to
finish
it.
3 I
was
happy
to
make
the
trip,
I
thought
such
a
4 drive
within
one
day
was
a
tiring
one,
especially
when
I
wanted
to
5
and
make
preparations
for
the
coming
busy
week.
?
That
morning
as
we 6 to
the
snowfield,
Simon
and
I
talked
about
everything
under
the
sun.
I
found
it 7
to
have
this
time
with
him
as
we
hardly
had
spent
five
continuous
8
together.
?
As
I
made
the 9
trip
back
home,
I
had
strange
sense
of
10 without
them
in
my
car,
so
I
spent
the
next
five
hours
listening
to
my
favorite
CDs
and
11
the
issues
I
had
in
my
business
and
how
they
should
be
12 .
?
By
the
time
I
13
home
I
had
developed
a
plan
for
one
important
issue
I
had
to
deal
with
next
week.
14 ,
after
my
long
trip
home
I
was
refreshed,
even
though
I
was
physically
tired.
?
This
unplanned
trip
to
the
snowfield
gave
me
two
unexpected
15 .
The
first
was
that
we
can
16
from
spending
quality
time
with
our
loved
ones.
The
second
was
that
a(n)
17 in
our
environment,
even
for
a
short
time,
can
provide
us
with
the
opportunity
to
look
at
something
in
a
18 way
and
come
out
with
a
resolution.
?
I
look
forward
to
my
next 19
event
and
many
more
opportunities
to
spend
quality
time
with
those
who
are
important
to
me
and
make
my
life
more
20 .
?
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从一次计划外的、送儿子和朋友去雪场的旅行中有了意外收获的故事。
1.
A.
change
B.
follow
C.
pass
D.
start
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
然而,
他们的车无法启动。change改变;
follow跟随;
pass通过;
start启动。根据下文“so
I
offered
to
______them
out
by
taking
them
there
in
my
car.
”可知,
作者开车送他们去雪场。因此可知,
此处指他们的车无法启动。?
2.
A.
help
B.
make
C.
pick
D.
let
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
因此,
我提出帮助他们,
开车送他们过去。help帮助;
make制作;
pick挑选;
let让。由“by
taking
them
there
in
my
car”可知,
作者提出要帮助他们。
3.
A.
Because
B.
Before
C.
Though
D.
If
【解析】选C。考查连词词义辨析。句意:
尽管我很乐意去这次旅行,
但我认为,
在一天之内行驶如此长的一段旅途,
是令人疲惫的。Because因为;
Before在……之前;
Though尽管;
If如果。由关键词“happy”和“tiring”可知,
此处表示让步。
4.
A.
free
B.
long
C.
terrible
D.
lonely
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
尽管我很乐意去这次旅行,
但我认为,
在一天之内行驶如此长的一段旅途,
是令人疲惫的。free自由的;
long长的;
terrible糟糕的;
lonely孤独的。由上文“A
round
trip
was
900
kilometers
and
it
would
take
10
hours
to
finish
it.
”可知,
这是一段很长的旅途。
5.
A.
recover
B.
escape
C.
relax
D.
quit
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。recover恢复健康;
escape逃离;
relax放松;
quit离开。由上文可知,
作者不想太过劳累;
especially意为“尤其”,
可知前后意义相反,
因此此处应该表示作者想要放松。
6.
A.
looked
B.
referred
C.
walked
D.
drove
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
那天早上,
当我们开车去雪场的时候,
Simon和我谈天说地。looked看;
referred提到;
walked走路;
drove驾驶。由上文可知,
我们是开车去的。
7.
A.
natural
B.
great
C.
hard
D.
strange
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
我发现和他在一起的这段时间感觉很不错,
因为我们几乎没有一起待过连续五个小时。natural
自然的;
great
极好的;
hard
坚固的;
strange奇怪的。由上文“Simon
and
I
talked
about
everything
under
the
sun”可知,
作者和Simon很聊得来,
因此应该是极好的。
8.
A.
weekends
B.
weeks
C.
days
D.
hours
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。weekends周末;
weeks周;
days天;
hours小时。由上文“it
would
take
10
hours
to
finish
it.
”和本句关键词“hardly”可知,
之前我们的相处几乎是没有连续着几个小时的。
9.
A.
return
B.
sightseeing
C.
group
D.
family
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
当我返程回家的时候,
没有他们在车上,
我有一种奇怪的孤独感。return回来;
sightseeing观光;
group组;
family家人。由“back
home”可知是返程。
10.
A.
achievement
B.
pride
C.
regret
D.
loneliness
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。achievement成就;
pride骄傲;
regret后悔;
loneliness孤独。由“without
them
in
my
car,
so
I
spent
the
next
five
hours
listening
to
my
favorite
CDs”可知,
作者是感到孤独。
11.
A.
dealt
with
B.
thought
of
C.
came
across
D.
worked
out
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
因此,
我在接下来的5个小时里听了我最爱的唱片,
思考我工作上的问题和如何解决它们。dealt
with处理;
thought
of考虑;
came
across碰到;
worked
out解决。由下文“how
they
should
be
______”可知,
此处是思考问题。?
12.
A.
created
B.
solved
C.
assessed
D.
accepted
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。created创造;
solved解决;
assessed评定;
accepted接受。由关键词“issues”可知,
应该是解决。
13.
A.
examined
B.
hurried
C.
reached
D.
cleaned
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
在我到家的时候,
对于我下周要处理的一个重要的问题,
我已经想到了计划。examined检查;
hurried赶快;
reached到达;
cleaned打扫。上文提到我在返程途中,
此空后跟名词“home”可知,
是作者到家了。
14.
A.
Surprisingly
B.
Generally
C.
Probably
D.
Gradually
【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意:
令人惊讶的是,
在我长途旅行回家后,
我神清气爽,
尽管我身体很累。Surprisingly
出人意外地;
Generally普遍地;
Probably可能;
Gradually逐步地。上文说到长途旅行是令人疲惫的。由下文“after
my
long
trip
home
I
was
refreshed”可知,
此处是令人惊讶地。
15.
A.
cases
B.
relations
C.
choices
D.
lessons
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
这次计划外的雪场之旅给我上了两节意想不到的课。cases事例;
relations联系;
choices选择;
lessons课。由下文作者谈到的通过这次旅途的两个收获可知,
此处是雪场之旅给作者上了两节课。
16.
A.
benefit
B.
result
C.
suffer
D.
keep
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
我们可以从和自己所爱的人好好交谈中受益良多。benefit使受益;
result
导致;
suffer受苦;
keep保持。由“spending
quality
time
with
our
loved
ones”可知,
是从中受益的。
17.
A.
event
B.
change
C.
visit
D.
attitude
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
第二个是我们环境中的一个改变,
即使是短时的也能够给我们提供机会,
使我们能从不同的角度去看某些事,
然后想出一个解决办法。event事件;
change改变;
visit参观;
attitude态度。由上文可知,
这次旅行是作者计划外的,
因此是环境的一个改变。
18.
A.
abstract
B.
mysterious
C.
predictable
D.
different
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。abstract抽象的;
mysterious神秘的;
predictable可预见的;
different不同的。上文提到环境的变化,
因此应该提供了不同的角度看待某些事。
19.
A.
unexpected
B.
incredible
C.
predictable
D.
specific
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
我期待下一次意想不到的事件,
期待更多和那些对我来说重要的和使我的人生更加有意义的人,
好好交谈的机会。unexpected意想不到的;
incredible难以置信的;
predictable可预见的;
specific明确的。由上文可知作者从这次计划外的旅行有了意想不到的收获,
根据“next”可知,
此处表示期待下次意外的事件的发生。
20.
A.
personal
B.
familiar
C.
rewarding
D.
social
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。personal个人的;
familiar熟悉的;
rewarding有意义的;
social社会的。句中and是连词,
由“who
are
important
to
me”可知,
此处和“重要的”为近义词。
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