Unit
4
Everyday
economics
Developing
ideas
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
Consult(consultant)
your
doctor
about
how
much
exercise
you
should
get.
2.
In
six
letters
he
poured
out
to
her
his
hopes,
his
feelings,
and
his
frustrations(frustration).
3.
If
you
were
hiring
(hire)a
person
for
this
job,
what
would
you
look
for?
4.
A
toddler
requires
close
supervision(supervise)and
firm
control
at
all
times.
5.
All
expenses(expense)are
to
be
equally
divided
between
you
and
I.
6.
Jane
was
very
much
abused(abuse)by
the
landlady,
but
she
held
in
her
temper.
7.
There
have
been
several
thefts
(theft)and
robberies
in
this
area.
8.
Over
the
past
two
decades
it
has
added
pocket
knives
and
leather
purses(purse).
9.
Sand
bucket
and
tool
set
are
the
best
beach
toys,
especially
for
toddlers
(toddler)and
young
children.
10.
I
left
the
lawn
and
moved
in
the
white
light
and
silence
along
the
road,
aimless
and
sorrowing(sorrow).
Ⅱ.
选词填空
be
relevant
to;
take
on;
be
subject
to;
as
is
often
the
case;
at
the
expense
of;
be
beneficial
to;
take
off;
response
to
1.
The
case
is
subject
to
judicial
review.
?
2.
I
don’t
think
what
he
said
is
relevant
to
the
topic
we
are
discussing.
?
3.
She
takes
on
extra
work
on
Sundays.
?
4.
He
devoted
his
time
to
football
at
the
expense
of
his
studies.
?
5.
As
is
often
the
case
with
human
beings,
many
animals
sleep
a
lot
when
young,
but
sleep
much
less
when
they
get
older.
?
6.
The
7
a.
m.
express
to
London
will
be
taken
off
next
month.
?
7.
Economic
reform
is
beneficial
to
the
development
of
our
country.
?
8.
There
has
been
no
response
to
his
remarks
from
the
government.
?
阅读理解
(2021·贵阳高二检测)
It
was
once
unheard-of
to
be
a
businessman
in
China.
Nowadays,
though,
it’s
quite
common
to
become
your
own
boss.
Let’s
say
you
have
an
idea.
Maybe
you
want
to
open
an
English
school
or
sell
Japanese
comics.
First,
you
need
a
business
plan.
It
sets
out
what
you’ll
sell
and
how
much
everything
will
cost.
Most
businesses
that
fail
didn’t
have
this.
If
you
need
to
borrow
money
at
the
start,
banks
will
ask
for
a
detailed
plan.
The
best
starting
place
for
a
business
plan
is
the
4Ps:
product,
place,
price
and
promotion.
All
these
must
be
strong
to
be
successful.
?Product
Your
product
must
have
something
unique.
What
makes
it
special
compared
to
other
similar
products?
If
you
want
to
start
a
noodle
shop
that
has
nothing
new,
don’t
expect
people
to
show
much
interest.
You
can
research
your
product.
For
food,
let
people
try
it
for
free.
For
toys,
let
a
few
children
play
with
them
to
see
if
they
like
them.
?Place
There’s
no
point
having
a
product
that
people
want
to
buy
if
your
shop
is
in
an
empty
mall.
Think
about
which
type
of
person
is
going
to
buy
what
you
sell.
Where
do
they
usually
go
shopping?
When
looking
at
possible
places,
spend
the
day
there.
See
how
many
people
pass
by.
Also,
are
there
other
shops
nearby
selling
similar
products?
If
so,
how
can
you
be
better
than
them?
?
?Price
Work
out
how
much
it
costs
to
make
or
provide
your
product.
As
a
general
rule,
your
price
will
be
double
the
cost.
After
all,
you’re
also
paying
for
rent,
staff
and
you
need
to
eat
too!
?Promotion
How
can
you
attract
people
to
your
shop?
Advertising
in
newspapers
and
on
TV
is
expensive.
Perhaps
you
can
get
free
advertising
by
getting
a
newspaper
to
write
about
your
business.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。在现在的中国,
创业当老板的现象随处可见。创业的第一步是要有一份详尽的商业计划,
包括售卖的产品和费用等内容。要想创业成功,
必须做好四个方面的准备:
产品、地点、价格和促销手段。
1.
What’s
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
How
to
start
a
business
B.
Starting
a
business
soon
C.
Starting
your
own
business
D.
Preparations
for
starting
a
business
【解析】选C。根据第一段“Nowadays,
though,
it’s
quite
common
to
become
your
own
boss.
.
.
First,
you
need
a
business
plan.
”和第二段“The
best
starting
place
for
a
business
plan
is
the
4Ps:
product,
place,
price
and
promotion.
All
these
must
be
strong
to
be
successful.
”可知,
在中国,
创业是很普遍的现象,
文章主要讲了创业的一些注意事项,
故选C。
2.
According
to
the
author,
the
reason
why
most
businesses
fail
is
due
to
lack
of
______.
?
A.
a
business
plan
B.
a
shop
C.
money
D.
successful
businessmen
【解析】选A。根据第一段“First,
you
need
a
business
plan.
It
sets
out
what
you’ll
sell
and
how
much
everything
will
cost.
Most
businesses
that
fail
didn’t
have
this.
”可知,
大多数失败是因为没有详细的商业计划,
故选A。
3.
If
you
want
to
start
a
noodle
shop,
you
should
______.
?
A.
expect
people
to
show
much
interest
B.
research
your
noodles
C.
let
people
try
it
at
a
low
price
D.
let
children
have
a
try
【解析】选B。根据第三段“If
you
want
to
start
a
noodle
shop
that
has
nothing
new,
don’t
expect
people
to
show
much
interest.
You
can
research
your
product.
For
food,
let
people
try
it
for
free.
”可知,
如果开一家面馆,
你需要研究你的产品——面条,
故选B。
4.
What
does
“If
so”
in
Paragraph
4
refer
to?
A.
There
are
shops
selling
the
goods
like
yours
B.
Many
people
pass
by
C.
You
should
think
about
which
type
of
person
is
going
to
buy
what
you
sell
D.
You
should
spend
the
day
on
possible
places
【解析】选A。根据第四段“Also,
are
there
other
shops
nearby
selling
similar
products?
If
so,
how
can
you
be
better
than
them?
”可知,
画线部分指的是,
附近有卖相似产品的商店,
故选A。?
5.
You
are
selling
toys
to
children.
It
costs
5
yuan
to
make
each
one.
How
much
should
you
charge
the
children
for
each
toy?
A.
15
yuan.
B.
5
yuan.
C.
10
yuan.
D.
50
yuan.
【解析】选C。根据第五段“As
a
general
rule,
your
price
will
be
double
the
cost.
”可知,
一般情况下,
价格是成本的两倍,
故选C。
Ⅰ.
语法填空
(2021·曲阜高二检测)
Modern
technology
1.
______(allow)the
economical
construction
of
rail
and
road
links
across
Eurasia.
The
Chinese
government
believes
the
construction
can
greatly
encourage
its
2.
______(grow)and
make
it
a
superpower.
3.
______
(make)trade
and
travel
more
economical
and
4.
______
(quick),
it
will
construct
more
land
and
sea
transportation
facilities.
The
Chinese
government
has
announced
a
trillion
(万亿)dollar
plan
5.
______
is
called
“The
Belt
and
Road”.
If
successful,
6.
______
might
produce
trade
worth
more
than
2.
5
trillion
dollars
within
a
decade,
which
will
be
7.
______
great
benefit
to
4.
4
billion
people.
Significant
progress
has
already
been
made.
The
first
freight
(货运)train
8.
______
(run)from
Europe
to
China
set
out
in
2011.
A
major
5,
400
kilometer
highway
to
St.
Petersburg
from
the
Yellow
Sea
9.
______
(open)in
2018,
allowing
vehicles
to
travel
10.
______
distance
in
10
days.
This
is
a
new
travel
option
for
economical
tourism
and
sightseeing
along
Silk
Road
places.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国政府对“一带一路”的建设以及“一带一路”对经济和旅游的重大影响。
1.
【解析】allows。考查动词时态。根据下句中believes得知,
用一般现在时,
主语是单数,
谓语动词也用单数。故填allows。
2.
【解析】growth。考查名词。形容词性物主代词后接名词,
促进它的发展,
故填growth。
3.
【解析】To
make。考查不定式。根据此句后半部分可知前半部分作目的状语,
表示“为了……”,
故填To
make。
4.
【解析】quicker。考查形容词比较级。and表示并列,
前后形式一致,
前面more
economical是比较级,
后面也用比较级,
故填quicker。
5.
【解析】which/that。考查定语从句关系词。先行词a
trillion
dollar
plan,
在定语从句中作主语,
指物,
用that或which,
故填which/that。
6.
【解析】it。考查代词。这里指代的是前面万亿美元的“一带一路”计划,
故填it。
7.
【解析】of。考查介词。be
of+抽象名词”,
这时的of短语相当于这个名词的同根形容词,
作为表语表示主语的性质或特征。be
of
benefit表示“有益的”,
故填of。
8.
【解析】running。考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词是set
out,
run和谓语之间没有连词,
要用非谓语,
火车和行驶是主动关系,
故填running。
9.
【解析】was
opened。考查被动语态。故5400千米的公路在2018年被开放,
用过去时的被动语态。故填was
opened。
10.
【解析】the。考查冠词。特指5400千米的距离,
用定冠词表示特指,
故填the。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
(2021·枣庄高二检测)
When
I
was
a
little
girl,
my
mom
would
say,
“Half
the
fun
of
doing
anything
is
sharing
it
with
others.
”
1 .
Friends
and
mates
allow
us
to
enjoy
our
successes
and
our
joys,
comfort
us
in
our
hard
moments,
and
provide
a
mirror
for
us
to
learn
more
about
ourselves.
I’ve
always
looked
at
friends
as
the
family
we
choose.
They
enrich
our
lives.
As
Robert
Louis
Steven
once
said,
“ 2 ”.
?
To
be
a
good
friend
or
partner,
it’s
important
to
be
a
good
listener.
Hear
what
your
friend
or
mate
has
to
say
first
rather
than
jump
to
conclusions
or
get
defensive.
3 .
When
they
hear
their
words
repeated
back
to
them,
it
can
help
them
to
realize
what
they
said
was
not
exactly
what
they
meant
to
say.
?
4 .
You
know
the
old
golden
rule,
“Care
for
others
the
way
you
would
like
them
to
care
for
you.
”
The
support
of
a
friend
during
a
tough
time
could
make
the
difference
between
success
and
failure.
Encouragement
and
confidence
are
the
gifts
that
can
help
change
a
person’s
life.
?
Take
care,
though,
with
whom
you
choose
to
have
close
relationship,
for
they
can
have
a
great
effect
on
your
self-respect
and
life
path.
As
someone
once
told
me
“ 5 .
They
will
either
take
you
up
or
down.
”?
A.
I
am
afraid
so
B.
It
is
quite
true
C.
Friendship
is
the
most
important
factor
D.
Sometimes
it
is
useful
to
be
their
mirror
E.
A
friend
is
a
present
which
you
give
yourself
F.
The
attitudes
of
your
friends
are
like
the
buttons
on
a
lift
G.
Patience,
sympathy
and
understanding
are
also
important
qualities
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。通过本文叙述得知,
做任何事的一半乐趣就是和别人分享。朋友是你自己给自己的礼物。
1.
【解析】选B。前面讲到妈妈说的话,
后面又显示出在生活中体验到了这句话的正确性,
故选B。
2.
【解析】选E。根据前面所讲到的朋友带来的好处,
可知,
朋友是你自己给自己的礼物。故选E。
3.
【解析】选D。根据下文可知,
有时候学会倾听,
然后把朋友的话反馈给他们的时候,
能够帮助朋友意识到他们所说的话并非是他们想要说的话。说明倾听有时会成为一面有用的镜子。故选D。
4.
【解析】选G。后面讲到像你希望别人关心你一样关心别人,
可知我们需要有耐心,
同情心和理解。故选G。
5.
【解析】选F。根据下文“他们要么带你上去要么带你下来”可知,
你朋友的态度就像电梯的按钮。故选F。
话题写作·素养升级
写正反观点的议论文
假定你是李华,
你的美国朋友
Tom听说在中国通过扫描二维码就可以实现非现金支付,
他感到不可思议,
请你写封邮件告知他非现金支付在中国的一些情况,
内容包括:
1.
非现金支付的定义
2.
非现金支付的优点
3.
非现金支付的缺点
4.
你的结论
注意:
词数80个左右,
开头已给出,
不计入数内。
Dear
Tom,
I’m
glad
to
tell
you
something
about
non-cash
payments
in
China.
Non-cash
payments
are
making
payments
with
cards,
mobile
phones
and
other
electric
devices.
Some
think
it
provides
us
with
more
convenience.
What’s
more,
we
can
save
much
time
when
purchasing
on
the
Internet
platform.
Besides,
we
don’t
have
to
worry
about
getting
the
fake
cash.
Others
think
despite
their
convenience,
it
will
take
more
risks
protecting
your
private
possessions.
For
example,
we
might
be
monitored
while
paying
for
what
we
have
bought.
Meanwhile,
what
if
we
are
in
a
place
without
Internet
access
or
our
phone
battery
dies?
In
conclusion,
non-cash
payments
are
under
construction,
so
it
will
be
more
popular
in
the
years
to
come.
1.
话题特点
观点类作文需根据题目给出的观点,
按照提纲的结构要求对其进行论证。一般开头提出问题,
主体陈述不同的观点及其理由,
结尾说明自己的观点。
2.
话题词汇
(1)Some.
.
.
Others.
.
.
.
一些人……另一些人……
(2)hold
different
opinions
持有不同的观点
(3)in
favor
of
支持
(4)Besides/in
addition
另外
(5)Moreover/what’s
more
而且
(6)From
my
point
of
view
从我的观点来看
(7)on
the
contrary
相反
(8)In
conclusion
总之
(9)advantages
and
disadvantages
优缺点
(10)On
one
hand
一方面
(11)On
the
other
hand
另一方面
(12)Every
coin
has
two
sides.
凡事都有利弊。
3.
话题句式(试着替换方框中的黑体部分,
变成你需要表达的意思)
(1)The
topic
of
mobile
payment
is
becoming
more
and
more
popular
recently.
People
hold
different
opinions
about
it.
(2)Some
people
say
they
are
in
favour
of
mobile
payment.
(3)They
hold
the
view
that
mobile
payment
makes
people’s
daily
life
more
and
more
convenient.
(4)What
is
more,
by
mobile
payment,
we
can
pay
easily
wherever
we
go.
(5)Others
think
that
mobile
payment
has
some
disadvantages.
(6)Firstly,
you
might
be
monitored
while
paying
for
what
you
have
bought
so
that
your
account
could
be
stolen.
(7)Secondly
(Besides),
mobile
payment
can
lead
to
excessive
consumption.
(8)From
my
point
of
view,
I
think
mobile
payment
is
more
convenient
for
our
daily
life.
目前,
一些诸如GG,
MM,
Xia
Mi
等网络俚语在青少年中极为盛行,
并且出现在家庭作业报告,
甚至全国入学考试的作文中。请你以“Should
Internet
Slang(俚语;
行话)Be
Prohibited
(禁止)?
”为题,
用英语写一篇短文,
内容如下:
1.
一些同学认为:
网络俚语生动、时尚且充满幽默与智慧,
使网上聊天更快捷。2.
另一些同学认为:
网络俚语缺乏思想性,
没有被大部分人理解、接受,
过多使用使人不解,
甚至造成误解。
3.
你的观点。
注意:
1.
短文开头已经给出,
不计入总词数;
2.
词数:
80左右;
3.
参考词汇:
生动的vivid;
智慧intelligence
1.
时尚的
fashionable
2.
幽默
humor
3.
使困惑
confuse
4.
误解
misunderstanding
5.
落后
fall
behind?
1.
完成句子
(1)有人赞成网络俚语。
Some
are
in
favour
of
Internet
Slang.
?
(2)他们认为网络俚语生动、时尚且充满幽默和智慧。
They
hold
the
view
that
Internet
Slang
is
vivid,
fashionable
and
full
of
humor
and
intelligence.
?
(3)我认为我们生活在信息时代。
From
my
point
of
view,
we
live
in
the
Information
Age.
?
(4)我们不了解网络俚语,
我们似乎就会落伍。
We
don’t
know
the
Internet
Slang.
And
we
seem
to
fall
behind
the
times.
?
2.
句式升级
(1)用非谓语动词作状语把句(1)和句(2)合并。
Some
are
in
favour
of
Internet
Slang,
holding
the
view
that
Internet
Slang
is
vivid,
fashionable
and
full
of
humor
and
intelligence.
?
(2)用非谓语动词作状语和条件句把(3)(4)改为复合句。
From
my
point
of
view,
living
in
the
Information
Age,
if
we
don’t
know
the
Internet
Slang,
we
seem
to
fall
behind
the
times.
?
Should
Internet
Slang
Be
Prohibited?
The
topic
of
Internet
Slang,
such
as
“GG,
MM,
Xia
Mi”,
is
becoming
more
and
more
popular
recently.
People
hold
different
opinions
about
it.
Some
are
in
favour
of
Internet
Slang,
holding
the
view
that
Internet
Slang
is
vivid,
fashionable
and
full
of
humor
and
intelligence.
Besides,
it
makes
chatting
on
the
Internet
quicker.
However,
others
think
Internet
Slang
lacks
depth
of
thought
and
is
too
simple.
What’s
more,
it
is
hard
to
understand
and
not
accepted
by
most
people.
The
words
sometimes
might
make
people
confused,
even
resulting
in
misunderstanding.
Every
coin
has
two
sides.
From
my
point
of
view,
living
in
the
Information
Age,
if
we
don’t
know
the
Internet
Slang,
we
seem
to
fall
behind
the
times.
It
will
be
OK
as
long
as
these
terms
are
used
correctly
in
proper
situations.
主题活动·素养提升
The
topic:
e-commerce
Pros:
It
is
more
convenient
since
we
do
not
have
to
waste
during
the
traffic
jam
or
waiting
in
the
line.
It
can
provide
us
a
wide
range
of
choices
about
what
we
need.
It
can
save
us
much
time
that
we
spend
in
going
to
supermarket.
.
.
.
Cons:
It
is
challenging
and
changing
the
traditional
model
of
running
business.
It
is
dependent,
which
would
make
a
man
lazy.
It
may
cheat
us
by
providing
fake
products.
.
.
.
Your
opinion:
I
am
in
favour
of
e-commerce.
?
The
reason:
Each
coin
has
two
sides.
E-commerce
does
have
its
limits,
but
it
is
actually
booming
in
every
corner
of
our
lives.
We
can
buy
clothes,
food
and
almost
everything
on
the
Internet.
Besides,
we
can
book
the
hotel,
tickets
and
pay
various
kinds
of
bills
on
it,
which
is
more
convenient.
?
名作赏读·素养培优
《小妇人》这部小说以家庭生活为描写对象,
以家庭成员的感情纠葛为线索,
描写了马奇一家的天伦之爱。马奇家的四姐妹中,
无论是为了爱情甘于贫困的梅格,
还是通过自己奋斗成为作家的乔,
以及坦然面对死亡的贝思和以扶弱为己任的艾美,
虽然她们的理想和命运都不尽相同,
但是她们都具有自强自立的共同特点。文中描写了她们对家庭的眷恋;
对爱的忠诚以及对亲情的渴望。《小妇人》是一本以女性角色为主,
强调女权意识的半自传体小说。文中注重表现女性意识,
宣扬美好品质。
Little
Women(excerpt)
“Really,
girls,
you
are
both
to
be
blamed,
”
said
Meg,
beginning
to
lecture
in
her
elder-sisterly
fashion.
“You
are
old
enough
to
leave
off
boyish
tricks,
and
to
behave
better,
Josephine.
It
didn’t
matter
so
much
when
you
were
a
little
girl,
but
now
you
are
so
tall,
and
turn
up
your
hair,
you
should
remember
that
you
are
a
young
lady.
”
“I’m
not!
And
if
turning
up
my
hair
makes
me
one,
I’ll
wear
it
in
two
tails
till
I’m
twenty,
”
cried
Jo,
pulling
off
her
net,
and
shaking
down
a
chestnut
mane.
“I
hate
to
think
I’ve
got
to
grow
up,
and
be
Miss
March,
and
wear
long
gowns,
and
look
as
prim
as
a
China
Aster!
It’s
bad
enough
to
be
a
girl,
anyway,
when
I
like
boy’s
games
and
work
and
manners!
I
can’t
get
over
my
disappointment
in
not
being
a
boy.
And
it’s
worse
than
ever
now,
for
I’m
dying
to
go
and
fight
with
Papa.
And
I
can
only
stay
home
and
knit,
like
a
poky
old
woman!
”
And
Jo
shook
the
blue
army
sock
till
the
needles
rattled
like
castanets,
and
her
ball
bounded
across
the
room.
“Poor
Jo!
It’s
too
bad,
but
it
can’t
be
helped.
So
you
must
try
to
be
contented
with
making
your
name
boyish,
and
playing
brother
to
us
girls,
”
said
Beth,
stroking
the
rough
head
with
a
hand
that
all
the
dish
washing
and
dusting
in
the
world
could
not
make
ungentle
in
its
touch.
“As
for
you,
Amy,
”
continued
Meg,
“you
are
altogether
to
particular
and
prim.
Your
airs
are
funny
now,
but
you’ll
grow
up
an
affected
little
goose,
if
you
don’t
take
care.
I
like
your
nice
manners
and
refined
ways
of
speaking,
when
you
don’t
try
to
be
elegant.
But
your
absurd
words
are
as
bad
as
Jo’s
slang.
”
“If
Jo
is
a
tomboy
and
Amy
a
goose,
what
am
I,
please?
”
asked
Beth,
ready
to
share
the
lecture.
“You’re
a
dear,
and
nothing
else,
”
answered
Meg
warmly,
and
no
one
contradicted
her,
for
the
“Mouse”
was
the
pet
of
the
family.
素养小测
初步感知
1.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“airs”mean
in
Paragraph
6?
A.
The
mixture
of
gases
that
surrounds
the
earth
and
that
we
breathe.
B.
A
way
of
behaving
that
shows
that
sb.
thinks
that
they
are
more
important
than
they
really
are.
答案:
B
2.
Does
Jo
want
to
be
a
boy
or
a
girl?
Why
is
that?
Jo
wants
to
be
a
boy.
That
is
because
she
thinks
it’s
bad
enough
to
be
a
girl.
理性判断
3.
Does
Beth
approve
of
Jo
becoming
more
boyish?
No.
she
doesn’t.
思维拓展
4.
What
does
the
goose
represent
in
Western
culture?
It
represents
love.
译文:
《小妇人》(节选)
“我说姑娘们,
你们两个都不对,
”梅格开始以姐姐的身份说教。
“约瑟芬,
你已经长大了,
不应再玩男孩子的把戏,
应该检点一些。你还是小姑娘时这倒没有什么,
但你现在已长得这么高,
而且网起了头发,
就得记住自己是个年轻女士。”
“我不是!
如果网起头发就把我当女士的话,
我就梳两条辫子,
直到二十岁,
”乔大声叫起来。她拉掉发网,
披落一头栗色的厚发。”
我恨我得长大,
得做马奇小姐。我恨穿长礼服,
恨故作正经的漂亮小姐。我喜欢男孩子的游戏,
男孩子的活儿以及男孩子的风度,
却偏偏是个女孩子,
真是倒霉透了。当不成男孩真让我止不住失望,
可现在比以往任何时候都要糟,
因为我是那么想跟爸爸一起参加战斗,
却只能待在家中做女工,
像个死气沉沉的老太太!
”乔抖动蓝色的军袜,
把里头的针弄得铮铮作响,
线团也滚落到整个房间。
“可怜的乔!
真是不幸,
但有什么办法呢?
你只好把自己的名字改得男子气一些,
扮演我们姐妹的哥哥,
找点安慰。”贝思一边说,
一边用手抚摸着她那蓬乱的脑袋,
尽管洗了那么多碗碟,
掸了那么多灰尘,
这只手的触摸还是很温柔。
“至于你,
艾美,
”梅格接着说,
”你过于讲究,
过于一本正经。你的神态现在看上去挺有趣,
但要是一不小心,
长大就会变成个装模作样的小傻瓜。如果不刻意作态,
你的言谈举止倒是十分优雅的,
不过你那些荒谬的言语和乔的傻话却是半斤对八两。”
“如果乔是个假小子,
艾美是个小傻瓜,
请问,
我是什么?
”贝思问道,
准备好听说教。
“你是个乖宝贝,
再没别的,
”梅格亲热地答道。此话无人反驳,
因为这位“小胆鼠”是全家人的宠儿。
PAGEUnit
4
Everyday
economics
Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
The
men
lay
sick
on
the
deck,
rubbing
fevered
chests
and
foreheads(forehead).
2.
She
took
out
the
plate,
stared
blankly(blank)at
the
dried-up
food
on
it,
and
tipped
it
into
the
bin.
3.
Kids
on
the
edge
of
the
merry-go-round
(旋转木马)are
experiencing
greater
force,
and
therefore
are
getting
dizzier(dizzy)
than
those
at
the
center.
4.
But
we
found
48
women
running
big
companies
as
chief
executives
or
chairwomen
(chairwoman)throughout
the
world,
up
from
35
last
year.
5.
The
company
has
identified
60
potential(potent)customers.
6.
I
dare
not
believe
that
I
am
a
talent,
but
I
believe
that
my
fighting
spirit
and
enterprising
(enterprise)spirit.
7.
An
assessment
of
the
welfare
system
would
involve
careful
study
of
its
inputs
(input)
and
outputs.
8.
Steam,
water
and
ice
constitute
the
three
phases(phase)of
the
same
matter.
9.
This
kind
of
the
tree
has
a
very
wide
distribution(distribute)in
this
area.
10.
I
hope
that
my
entrepreneurial
(entrepreneur)experience
inspires
you.
Ⅱ.
选词填空
contribute
to;
as
to;
dream
of;
most
of
all;
be
surrounded
by;
be
willing
to
1.
We
have
achieved
what
our
forefathers
never
even
dreamed
of.
?
2.
Fresh
air
and
exercise
can
contribute
to
good
health.
?
3.
Most
of
all,
she
learned
to
be
self-reliant.
?
4.
As
to
your
final
grade,
that
depends
on
your
final
examination.
?
5.
If
you
are
willing
to
sell,
we’ll
buy.
?
6.
He
was
surrounded
by
reporters
who
had
been
lying
in
wait
for
him.
?
Ⅲ.
课文语法填空
The
programme—Young
start-ups
had
an
interview
1.
with
Zhang
Yue,
chairwoman
of
Rose
Valley
Co.
,
Ltd.
Firstly,
she
introduced
the
general
situation
of
the
company.
It
was
one
of
the
best
rose
producers
in
Asia
and
a
major
Asian
manufacturer
of
cosmetics
was
willing
2.
to
purchase(purchase)her
products
and
help
with
its
distribution.
Then,
she
told
us
the
reason
why
she
3.
started(start)a
business
in
her
hometown.
Not
only
were
conditions
ideal
in
her
hometown
for
growing
roses
4.
but
also
she
wanted
to
give
something
back
to
her
hometown.
Most
importantly.
She
wanted
to
experience
the
freedom
of
being
her
own
boss.
5.
However
,
on
the
way
to
success
she
met
with
many
obstacles,
the
biggest
of
6.
which
was
to
persuade
people
to
work
for
her.
Finally,
she
gave
some
advice
for
young
entrepreneurs.
On
one
hand,
they
should
be
realistic
and
seek
7.
guidance
(guide)from
expert
consultants
before
rushing
into
things.
On
8.
the
other
hand,
they
need
more
than
a
good
idea,
hard
work
and
determination.
9.
What
really
matters
is
a
sound
business
plan,
access
to
capital,
and
good
management
and
negotiating
skills.
Most
of
all,
don’t
be
too
10.
ambitious(ambition).
They
should
know
their
own
limits
and
those
of
the
people
they
work
with.
?
完成句子
1.
My
cousin
went
to
Shenzhen,
hoping
to
find
a
job
there.
?
我表兄去了深圳,
希望在那儿找份工作。(现在分词作状语)
2.
Born
in
a
poor
family,
Nadia
had
only
two
years
of
schooling.
由于出生于贫寒家庭,
纳迪亚只上过两年学。(过去分词作状语)?
3.
It
was
on
Monday
night
that
all
this
happened.
?
所有这一切发生在周一晚上。(It
is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+原句其他部分)
4.
She
tore
up
my
photos,
which
upset
me.
她撕碎了我的照片,
这使我很难过。(which引导非限制性定语从句)?
5.
We
advise
that
steps
(should)
be
taken
at
once.
?
我们建议立即采取措施。(advise
虚拟语气)
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2021·包头高二检测)
Having
a
smart
phone
may
not
be
as
smart
as
you
think.
They
may
let
you
surf
the
Internet,
listen
to
music
and
take
photos
wherever
you
are.
.
.
but
they
also
turn
you
into
a
workaholic(工作狂),
it
seems.
A
study
suggests
that,
by
giving
you
access
to
emails
at
all
times,
the
smart
phone
adds
as
much
as
two
hours
to
your
working
day.
Experts
found
that
British
people
work
an
additional
460
hours
a
year
on
average
as
they
are
able
to
respond
to
emails
on
their
mobiles.
The
study
shows
the
average
UK
working
day
is
between
9
and
10
hours,
but
2
more
hours
is
spent
responding
to
or
sending
work
emails,
or
making
work
calls.
Almost
one
in
ten
admits
spending
up
to
three
hours
outside
their
normal
working
day
checking
work
emails.
Some
workers
say
they
are
on
call
almost
24
hours
a
day.
Nearly
two-thirds
say
they
often
check
work
emails
just
before
they
go
to
bed
and
as
soon
as
they
wake
up,
while
over
a
third
have
replied
to
one
in
the
middle
of
the
night.
The
average
time
for
first
checking
emails
is
between
6
a.
m
and
7
a.
m,
with
more
than
a
third
checking
their
first
email
in
the
period,
and
a
quarter
checking
them
between
11p.
m.
and
midnight.
Ghadi
Hobeika,
marketing
director
of
Pixmania,
said:
“The
ability
to
access
millions
of
Apps
has
made
smart
phone
invaluable
for
many
people.
However,
there
are
disadvantages.
Many
companies
expect
their
employees
to
be
on
call
24
hours
a
day,
seven
days
a
week,
and
smart
phones
mean
that
people
cannot
get
away
from
work.
The
more
frequently
in
contact
we
become,
the
more
is
expected
of
us
in
a
work
capacity.
”
【文章大意】这篇文章主要介绍了使用智能手机也许并不像你想的那样明智。使用智能手机可以让你随时随地上网、听音乐、拍照片,
但也可能让你变成工作狂。最新调查显示,
智能手机能让你随时查收邮件,
这可能会让你每天的工作时间延长多达两个小时。
1.
With
a
smart
phone
the
average
UK
working
day
is______.
?
A.
11
to
12
hours
B.
9
to
10
hours
C.
8
hours
D.
2
hours
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段的The
study
shows
the
average
UK
working
day
is
between
9
and
10
hours,
but
2
more
hours
is
spent
responding
to
or
sending
work
emails,
or
making
work
calls.
可知英国的平均工作日工作时间为9至10个小时,
但使用智能手机会延长到11至12小时,
故选A。
2.
We
can
learn
from
the
text
that
the
British
people______.
?
A.
prefer
to
check
emails
in
the
morning
B.
are
crazy
about
different
smart
phone
C.
work
more
hours
with
smart
phones
D.
shorten
their
normal
working
hours
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段的A
study
suggests
that,
by
giving
you
access
to
emails
at
all
times,
the
smart
phone
adds
as
much
as
two
hours
to
your
working
day.
可知,
有了智能手机,
英国人工作时间更长,
故选C。
3.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“invaluable”
mean?
A.
Useless.
B.
Necessary.
C.
Expensive.
D.
Cheap.
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段画线词后两句可知,
此处表转折,
表示“智能手机”也有缺点,
许多公司希望他们的员工能够每天24小时随时等待电话通知,
智能手机使得人们无法从工作中抽身。从而可以猜测出画线词之前的内容在讲智能手机的优点。故此处invaluable表达“极为重要的”之意,
故选B。
4.
What
does
Ghadi
Hobeika
feel
about
smart
phones?
A.
They
are
unimportant
for
most
of
people.
B.
They
have
disadvantages
for
some
companies.
C.
They
are
useful
to
improve
a
work
ability.
D.
They
make
it
impossible
for
people
to
rest.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段However,
there
are
disadvantages.
Many
companies
expect
their
employees
to
be
on
call
24
hours
a
day,
seven
days
a
week,
and
smart
phones
mean
that
people
cannot
get
away
from
work.
The
more
frequently
in
contact
we
become,
the
more
is
expected
of
us
in
a
work
capacity.
可知,
Ghadi
Hobeika认为智能手机让人们很难得到休息,
故选D。
B
(2021·十堰高二检测)
Economists
have
studied
how
markets
work
for
a
long
time.
Generally,
they
work
well.
But
markets
do
not
always
perform
as
expected.
Jean
Tirole
of
France
won
the
Nobel
Prize
in
Economics
for
studying
why
markets
are
imperfect,
or
inefficient,
and
what
governments
can
do
to
regulate
them.
The
Nobel
prize
committee
announced
the
$1.
1
million
prize
in
Stockholm
to
Jean
Tirole.
It
called
Mr
Tirole“one
of
the
most
influential
economists
of
our
time”.
The
organization
said
he
had
done
important
research
in
a
number
of
areas.
But
it
said,
“most
of
all
he
has
clarified
how
to
understand
and
regulate
industries
with
only
a
few
powerful
firms.
”
Mr
Tirole
works
at
the
Toulouse
School
of
Economics
in
Toulouse,
France.
He
is
61
years
old.
For
about
30
years,
Mr
Tirole
has
researched
periods
when
markets
failed,
that
is,
when
they
did
not
provide
good
results
in
price
and
competition.
He
looked
at
how
a
small
number
of
large
companies,
or
even
a
single
company,
can
strongly
influence
industries.
Banking
and
telecommunications
were
among
the
industries
he
studied.
The
Nobel
committee
said
that
unregulated
markets
often
produce
socially
undesirable
results.
They
can
result
in
higher
prices
or
companies
that
use
their
market
position
to
block
others.
The
committee
said
it
chose
Mr
Tirole
because
he
thought
about
how
best
to
regulate
markets.
For
example,
Tore
Ellingsen,
Chairman
of
the
committee
that
awards
the
economics
prize,
says
Mr
Tirole
showed
the
need
to
develop
better
rules
for
the
banking
industry.
This
became
urgent
after
the
world
financial
crisis
of
2008—2009.
The
economics
prize
is
called
the
Bank
of
Sweden
Prize
in
Economic
Sciences
in
Memory
of
Alflred
Nobel.
Alfred
Nobel
did
not
establish
the
prize.
It
was
first
presented
in
1969.
【文章大意】本文讲了法国的Jean
Tirole
赢得诺贝尔经济学奖的事。Jean
Tirole获得诺贝尔经济学奖是因为他研究了市场不完美、无效的原因以及政府如何做来调整市场。
5.
The
passage
tells
us
that
Jean
Tirole______.
?
A.
has
studied
the
economics
in
Sweden
B.
is
the
first
to
win
the
Nobel
Prize
in
Economics
C.
is
highly
praised
by
Chairman
of
the
committee
D.
has
made
regulations
for
large
companies
【解析】选C。
细节理解题。根据Tore
Ellingsen,
Chairman
of
the
committee
that
awards
the
economics
prize,
says
Mr
Tirole
showed
the
need
to
develop
better
rules
for
the
banking
industry.
可知,
诺贝尔委员会主席亲自颁发这一奖项给Jean
Tirole,
Tirole表明需要为银行业制定更好的规则。委员会主席非常赞赏他。故选C。
6.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?
A.
Jean
Tirole’s
research
made
the
markets
imperfect
or
inefficient.
B.
Banking
and
telecommunications
are
strongly
influential
industries.
C.
The
world
financial
crisis
of
2008—2009
regulated
the
markets.
D.
Alfred
Nobel
was
unwilling
to
establish
economics
prize.
【解析】选B。
推理判断题。根据Banking
and
telecommunications
were
among
the
industries
he
studied.
可知,
银行和电信是他研究的行业,
说明银行和电信是影响较大的行业。2008—2009世界经济危机后银行业需要规范的情况最紧急;
Alfred
Nobel
did
not
establish
the
prize.
没有说不愿意。故选B。
7.
The
underlined
word“undesirable”in
Paragraph
4
can
best
be
replaced
by______.
?
A.
harmful
B.
unbelievable
C.
beneficial
D.
convincing
【解析】选A。
词义推测题。harmful有害的;
unbelievable不可信的;
beneficial有益的;
convincing有信服力的。undesirable所在的句子的意思是:
诺贝尔委员会说不受管制的市场往往产生不良的社会结果。下一句的意思是:
它们可能会导致更高的价格或有的公司利用其市场地位来限制其他公司。故选A。
8.
What
is
the
article
mainly
about?
A.
The
life
of
Jean
Tirole.
B.
The
research
of
Jean
Tirole.
C.
The
history
of
Nobel
Prize
in
Economics.
D.
Jean
Tirole
Wins
Nobel
Economics
Prize.
【解析】选D。
主旨大意题。本文主要讲了Jean
Tirole
赢得诺贝尔经济学奖的事。故选D。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
How
to
Start
a
Business
Unemployment
rate
is
so
high
in
present
society
that
many
young
people
are
thinking
about
starting
their
own
business.
However,
setting
up
on
your
own
will
by
no
means
be
easy.
1 ?
Make
a
business
plan.
If
you
decide
to
start
a
business,
the
first
thing
you
must
do
is
to
draw
up
a
realistic
business
plan—this
is
a
working
document
that
describes
the
business,
its
objectives,
its
financial
forecasts
and
so
on.
2 ?
3 ?
Once
you
have
a
detailed
business
plan
and
enough
evidence
to
believe
that
your
idea
is
viable(可行的),
it
is
time
to
go
and
see
the
bank
manager.
It
is
important
to
shop
around
to
find
which
bank
offers
the
best
deal
and
who
you
feel
most
comfortable
with.
Make
sure
what
you’re
getting
is
right
for
you
and
your
business.
Develop
a
survival
strategy.
4 One
of
the
biggest
stumbling
blocks
to
people
starting
a
business
can
be
understanding
all
the
legislation.
That
can
be
tax,
employment,
trade,
health
and
safety
or
environment.
It
can
be
confusing
if
you
have
never
run
your
own
business.
?
Get
yourself
noticed.
In
order
to
make
your
business
a
success,
you
must
ensure
that
consumers
know
it
exists.
5
For
example,
if
you
are
running
a
local
plumbing
company,
then
delivering
leaflets
in
your
area
would
be
the
best
option.
?
A.
So
it
is
really
important
to
make
a
business
plan.
B.
The
tips
below
may
help
you
to
start
a
business.
C.
A
bank
would
not
consider
lending
money
unless
you
show
a
detailed
business
plan.
D.
Be
sure
to
attract
much
attention.
E.
Choosing
how
to
advertise
depends
on
the
type
of
the
business.
F.
Get
access
to
finance.
G.
Make
sure
you
are
running
your
business
correctly
by
the
law.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文主要给自主创业的人提出了一些建议。
1.
【解析】选B。本空总括文章第一段的内容并用来引起下文中的建议。故选B项。
2.
【解析】选C。根据小标题“做一个创业计划”可知下文肯定要说创业计划的重要性,
C项“如果没有详细的创业计划,
银行是不会考虑给你贷款的”符合题意。故选C项。
3.
【解析】选F。根据下文的内容“找银行贷款”可知是要
“获得资金支援”。
故选F项。
4.
【解析】选G。根据下文“can
be
understanding
all
the
legislation”可知G项“确保你是依法经营”符合题意。故选G项。
5.
【解析】选E。根据小标题可知,
这个段落是讲如何把自己宣传出去,
让消费者知道你的公司的存在。空后举了一个具体事例进行说明,
故选E项。
完形填空
(2021·福州高二检测)
President
Coolidge’s
statement,
“The
business
of
America
is
business,
”
still
points
to
an
important
truth
today—that
business
institutions
have
more
prestige(威望)in
American
society
than
any
other
kind
of
organization,
including
the
government.
Why
do
business
institutions
1
this
great
prestige?
?
One
reason
is
that
Americans
2
business
as
being
more
firmly
based
on
the
ideal
of
3
than
other
institutions
in
society.
Since
competition
is
seen
as
the
major
4
of
progress
and
prosperity
by
most
Americans,
competitive
business
institutions
are
petition
is
not
only
good
in
itself,
it
is
the
means
by
which
other
basic
American
6
such
as
individual
freedom,
equality
of
opportunity,
and
hard
work
are
protected.
?
Competition
7
the
freedom
of
the
individual
by
ensuring
that
there
is
no
monopoly(垄断)of
power.
In
contrast
to
one
all-powerful
government,
many
businesses
compete
against
each
other
for
8
.
Theoretically,
if
one
business
tries
to
take
unfair
advantage
of
its
customers,
it
will
lose
to
competing
business
which
treats
its
customers
more
fairly.
Where
many
businesses
compete
for
the
customers’
dollars,
they
cannot
afford
to
9
them
like
inferiors
or
slaves.
?
A
10
is
often
made
between
business,
which
is
competitive,
and
11
,
which
is
a
monopoly.
Because
business
is
competitive,
many
Americans
believe
that
it
is
more
supportive
of
freedom
than
government,
even
though
government
leaders
are
elected
by
the
people
and
business
leaders
are
not.
Many
Americans
believe,
then,
that
competition
is
as
important,
or
even
more
important
than
democracy
in
preserving
12
.
?
Competition
in
business
is
also
believed
to
13
the
ideal
of
equality
of
opportunity.
Competition
is
seen
as
an
open
and
fair
race
where
success
goes
to
the
swiftest
person
14
his
or
her
social
class
petitive
success
is
commonly
seen
as
the
American
15
to
social
rank
based
on
family
background.
Business
is
therefore
viewed
as
an
expression
of
the
idea
of
equality
of
opportunity
rather
than
the
aristocratic(贵族的)idea
of
inherited
privilege.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了美国人认为以竞争为基础的商业机构比其他机构更加坚定,
美国人可以通过商业竞争实现他们的个人价值。竞争不仅保护顾客的利益,
也会保护商业机构。竞争的工商业与垄断的政府经常形成鲜明对照。在这样的社会体制下,
美国人不依靠家庭背景决定社会地位。
1.
A.
qualify
B.
restrict
C.
impress
D.
possess
【解析】选D。句意:
为什么商业机构拥有如此高的威望?
qualify取得资格;
restrict限制;
impress给人印象;
possess拥有,
占有。结合上文可知商业机构拥有很高的威望。故选D。
2.
A.
refer
B.
view
C.
reflect
D.
confirm
【解析】选B。refer参考;
view看待,
观察;
reflect反映;
confirm确认。结合下文business
as
being
more
firmly
based
on
the
ideal
of可知,
美国人认为商业比其他产业更坚定地建立在竞争的理想之上。短语view
as意为“认为……是……”。故选B。
3.
A.
competition
B.
cooperation
C.
admiration
D.
determination
【解析】选A。
competition竞争;
cooperation合作;
admiration钦佩;
determination决心。结合下文competition
is
seen
as
the
major.
.
.
可知,
此处指商业比其他产业更坚定地建立在竞争的理想之上。故选A。
4.
A.
result
B.
component
C.
source
D.
resource
【解析】选C。result结果;
component组成部分;
source来源;
resource资源。结合下文of
progress
and
prosperity
by
most
Americans可知,
竞争被大多数美国人视为进步和繁荣的主要源泉。故选C。
5.
A.
estimated
B.
respected
C.
admitted
D.
rejected
【解析】选B。
estimated估计;
respected尊重;
admitted承认;
rejected拒绝。结合上文内容可知,
商业机构拥有很高的威望,
那么有竞争力的商业机构就会受到尊重。故选B。
6.
A.
manners
B.
cultures
C.
values
D.
customs
【解析】选C。manners礼貌;
cultures文化;
values价值观念;
customs习俗。结合后文such
as
individual
freedom,
equality
of
opportunity,
and
hard
work列举的都是美国的价值观。故选C。
7.
A.
protects
B.
builds
C.
illustrates
D.
presents
【解析】选A。protects保护;
builds创建;
illustrates说明;
presents呈现。根据上文such
as
individual
freedom,
equality
of
opportunity,
and
hard
work
are
protected可知,
竞争可以保护个人自由。故选A。
8.
A.
profits
B.
savings
C.
costs
D.
funds
【解析】选A。profits利润,
收益;
savings储蓄,
存款;
costs花费;
funds资金。结合下文compete
for
the
customers’
dollars可知,
企业是为了利润而相互竞争的。故选A。
9.
A.
attend
B.
treat
C.
serve
D.
charge
【解析】选B。句意:
在许多企业为了顾客的钱而竞争的地方,
他们不能像对待下级或奴隶那样对待顾客。
attend参加;
treat对待;
serve服务;
charge收费。根据上文it
will
lose
to
competing
business
which
treats
its
customers
more
fairly可知,
此处指对待顾客的方式。故选B。
10.
A.
comment
B.
complaint
C.
choice
D.
contrast
【解析】选D。comment评论;
complaint抱怨;
choice选择;
contrast对比。结合上下文可知,
商业之间的竞争性与政府的垄断性形成一种对比。故选D。
11.
A.
department
B.
government
C.
business
D.
economy
【解析】选B。department部门;
government政府;
business生意;
economy经济。竞争性的商业代表着经济,
而政府往往必须是垄断性的,
由政府掌控。二者形成对比。下文中it
is
more
supportive
of
freedom
than
government也体现了此处指的是垄断性的政府。故选B。
12.
A.
security
B.
prices
C.
freedom
D.
discipline
【解析】选C。security安全;
prices价格;
freedom自由;
discipline纪律。根据上文“由于商业竞争激烈,
许多美国人认为商业比政府更能支持自由,
尽管政府领导人是由人民选举出来的,
而企业领导人则不是。”可知,
此处是在讨论个人自由的问题,
故选C。
13.
A.
strengthen
B.
define
C.
cherish
D.
supervise
【解析】选A。strengthen加强;
define定义;
cherish珍惜;
supervise监督。结合下文Competition
is
seen
as
an
open
and
fair
race
where
success
goes
to
the
swiftest
person可知,
竞争被视为一场公开而公平的竞赛,
胜利属于跑得最快的人,
那么竞争也被认为加强了机会均等的理想。故选A。
14.
A.
as
a
result
of
B.
by
means
of
C.
in
terms
of
D.
regardless
of
【解析】选D。as
a
result
of由于;
by
means
of依靠;
in
terms
of按照;
regardless
of无论,
不顾。根据上文Competition
is
seen
as
an
open
and
fair
race可知,
竞争被视为一场公开而公平的竞赛,
那么无论(regardless
of)这个人的社会阶层背景如何,
成功总是属于跑得最快的人。故选D。
15.
A.
contribution
B.
solution
C.
alternative
D.
appeal
【解析】选C。contribution贡献;
solution解决方案;
alternative选择;
appeal呼吁。根据下文可知,
商业被视为机会平等观念的表达,
而不是继承特权的贵族观念。那么本句话应当表示“竞争是基于家庭背景的社会地位之外的另一种选择”。其他选项不符合语境。故选C。
PAGEUnit
4
Everyday
economics
Using
language
Ⅰ.
用适当的关系词填空
1.
I
will
never
forget
the
days
that/which
we
spent
together.
2.
I
will
never
forget
the
days
when
we
stayed
together.
3.
The
reason
that/which
he
explained
at
the
meeting
was
not
sound.
4.
The
reason
why
he
was
happy
was
that
he
had
been
praised
by
the
teacher.
5.
Keep
the
book
in
a
place
where
you
can
find
it
easily.
6.
This
is
the
house
that/which
was
built
by
my
grandfather
forty
years
ago.
7.
I
will
show
you
the
point
where
you
fail.
8.
There
are
some
cases
where
this
rule
does
not
hold
good.
9.
He
had
to
face
the
conditions
where
pressure
was
heavy.
10.
He
is
the
man
whom/that
I
saw
yesterday.
Ⅱ.
句型转换
1.
The
house
has
been
pulled
down.
He
lived
in
the
house
10
years
ago.
→The
house
where
he
lived
10
years
ago
has
been
pulled
down.
2.
The
school
lies
in
the
east
of
the
town.
He
once
studied
in
the
school.
→The
school
where
he
once
studied
lies
in
the
east
of
the
town.
3.
Do
you
remember
the
days?
On
those
days
we
played
together.
→Do
you
remember
the
days
when
we
played
together?
4.
We
went
through
a
period.
During
that
time
communications
were
very
difficult
in
the
rural
areas.
→We
went
through
a
period
when
communications
were
very
difficult
in
the
rural
areas.
5.
After
graduation
he
returned
to
the
small
town
which
he
grew
up
in.
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
The
reason
why
he
could
not
go
there
was
that
he
was
ill
in
bed.
他不能到那里去的原因是他卧病在床。?
2.
We
are
living
in
an
age
when
many
things
are
done
on
computer.
?
我们生活在许多事情在电脑上就可以做的时代。
3.
I’ll
never
forget
the
days
when
I
worked
together
with
you.
我永远也不会忘记和你一起工作的日子。?
4.
The
lab
where
the
chemist
often
does
experiments
is
not
far
from
here.
?
那个化学家经常做实验的那个实验室离这里不远。
5.
The
factory
where
my
father
used
to
work
fell
down
in
the
earthquake.
?
我父亲过去工作的那家工厂在地震中倒塌了。
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2021·乌鲁木齐高二检测)
Nobody
likes
home
economics
(家政学).
But
restoring
the
program
could
help
us
in
the
fight
against
obesity
and
chronic
(慢性的)diseases
today.
The
home
economics
movement
was
founded
on
the
belief
that
housework
and
food
preparation
were
important
subjects
that
should
be
studied
scientifically.
The
first
classes
occurred
in
the
agricultural
and
technical
colleges
that
were
built
in
the
1860s.
When
most
departments
of
universities
rejected
women,
home
economics
was
a
back
door
into
higher
education.
Indeed,
in
the
early
20th
century,
home
economics
was
a
serious
subject.
When
few
people
understood
germ
(微生物)theory
and
almost
no
one
had
heard
of
vitamins,
home
economics
classes
offered
vital
information
about
washing
hands
regularly,
eating
fruit
and
vegetables
and
not
feeding
coffee
to
babies.
However,
today
we
remember
only
the
fixed
ideas
about
home
economics,
forgetting
the
movement’s
most
important
lessons
on
healthy
eating
and
cooking.
Too
many
Americans
simply
don’t
know
how
to
cook.
Our
diets,
consisting
of
highly
processed
foods
made
cheaply
outside
the
home,
have
contributed
to
many
serious
health
problems.
In
the
last
decade,
many
cities
and
states
have
tried
to
tax
junk
food
heavily
or
to
ban
the
use
of
food
stamps
(食品券)to
buy
soda.
Clearly,
many
people
are
doubtful
about
any
governmental
steps
to
promote
healthy
eating.
But
what
if
the
government
put
the
tools
of
obesity
prevention
in
the
hands
of
children
themselves
by
teaching
them
how
to
cook?
My
first
experience
with
home
economics
happened
two
decades
ago
when
I
was
a
seventh
grader
in
a
North
Carolina
public
school.
A
year
later,
my
father’s
job
took
our
family
to
Wales,
where
I
attended
a
large
school
for
a
few
months.
It
was
the
first
time
I
had
ever
really
cooked
anything.
I
remember
that
it
was
fun,
and
with
an
instructor
standing
by,
it
wasn’t
hard.
Those
lessons
stuck
with
me
when
I
first
started
cooking
for
my
husband
and
myself
after
college
and
they
still
do.
Teaching
cooking
in
public
schools
can
help
solve
some
problems
facing
Americans
today.
The
history
of
home
economics
shows
it’s
possible.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是家政学的历史和发展。我们今天要正确地对待家政学在健康饮食和烹饪方面的重要意义。
1.
What
do
we
know
about
home
economics
according
to
the
passage?
A.
It
is
a
subject
becoming
more
and
more
popular
with
Americans
B.
It
is
often
used
to
help
fight
against
obesity
and
chronic
diseases
C.
It
once
offered
women
a
special
approach
to
university
education
D.
It
was
first
taught
in
the
agricultural
and
technical
colleges
in
the
early
1900s
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由文章中第二段最后一句When
most
departments
of
universities
rejected
women,
home
economics
was
a
back
door
into
higher
education.
可知,
家政学给了女性一个进入大学接受高等教育的机会。故选C。
2.
What
does
the
third
paragraph
mainly
tell
us?
A.
The
importance
of
regular
hand
washing
B.
The
health
benefits
of
fruit
and
vegetables
C.
The
contents
of
home
economics
classes
in
the
early
20th
century
D.
The
significance
of
teaching
home
economics
in
the
early
20th
century
【解析】选D。段落主旨题。纵观第三段的内容Indeed,
in
the
early
20th
century,
home
economics
was
a
serious
subject.
When
few
people
understood
germ
theory
and
almost
no
one
had
heard
of
vitamins,
home
economics
classes
offered
vital
information
about
washing
hands
regularly,
eating
fruit
and
vegetables
and
not
feeding
coffee
to
babies.
可知,
第三段主要讲述了20世纪初家政学教学的意义。故选D。
3.
In
the
opinion
of
the
author,
how
should
we
fight
against
childhood
obesity?
A.
Children
should
be
taught
how
to
cook.
B.
A
heavy
tax
should
be
put
on
junk
food.
C.
Healthy
eating
should
be
promoted
at
school.
D.
Using
food
stamps
to
buy
soda
should
be
banned.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。由文章第四段中But
what
if
the
government
put
the
tools
of
obesity
prevention
in
the
hands
of
children
themselves
by
teaching
them
how
to
cook?
可知,
在作者看来,
我们应该教孩子们如何做饭来对抗儿童肥胖,
故选A。
4.
What
does
the
author
imply
in
the
last
paragraph?
A.
Her
family
moved
frequently
in
her
childhood.
B.
Cooking
classes
have
a
far-reaching
influence
on
her
later
life.
C.
To
receive
a
better
education,
she
went
to
a
large
school
in
Wales.
D.
Teaching
cooking
is
the
key
to
solving
Americans’
health
problems.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。文章的最后一段主要讲了作者的亲身经历。从作者小时候学会做饭一直到成家后给丈夫、孩子做饭,
这些经历对作者的生活产生了深远的影响。A、C、D三个选项的表述与原文意思不符。故选B。
B
(2021·沈阳高二检测)
An
increase
in
students
applying
to
study
economics
at
university
is
being
attributed
to
(归因于)the
global
economic
crisis
awakening
a
public
thirst
for
knowledge
about
how
the
financial
system
works.
Applications
for
degree
courses
beginning
this
autumn
were
up
by
15%
this
January,
according
to
UCAS,
the
Universities
and
Colleges
Admissions
Service.
A
spokesman
for
the
Royal
Economic
Society
said
applications
to
do
economics
at
A-level
were
also
up.
Professor
John
Beath,
the
president
of
the
society
and
a
leading
lecturer
at
St
Andrews
University,
said
his
first-year
lectures—which
are
open
to
students
from
all
departments—were
drawing
crowds
of
400,
rather
than
the
usual
250.
“There
are
a
large
number
of
students
who
are
not
economics
majors
(专业),
who
would
like
to
learn
something
about
it.
One
of
the
things
I
have
done
this
year
is
to
relate
my
teaching
to
contemporary
events
in
a
way
that
one
hasn’t
traditionally
done.
”
He
said.
University
applications
rose
by
7%
last
year,
but
there
were
rises
above
average
in
several
subjects.
Nursing
saw
a
15%
jump,
with
people’s
renewed
interest
in
careers
in
the
pubic
sector
(部门),
which
are
seen
as
more
secure
in
economic
crisis.
A
recent
study
showed
almost
two
thirds
of
parents
believed
schools
should
do
more
to
teach
pupils
about
financial
matters,
and
almost
half
said
their
children
had
asked
them
what
was
going
on,
although
a
minority
(少数)of
parents
felt
they
did
not
understand
it
themselves
well
enough
to
explain.
Zack
Hocking,
the
head
of
Child
Trust
Funds,
said,
“It’s
possible
that
one
good
thing
to
arise
from
the
downturn
(低迷)will
be
a
generation
that’s
financially
wiser
and
better
equipped
to
manage
their
money
through
times
of
economic
uncertainty.
”
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由于金融危机,
在大学里越来越多的人申请读经济学,
经济学受到热捧并且公共行业的专业也很受学生的青睐,
因为这些行业的收入在经济危机中更为保险。
5.
Professor
John
Beath’s
lectures
are
______.
?
A.
given
in
a
traditional
way
B.
warmly
received
by
economics
C.
connected
with
the
present
situation
D.
open
to
both
students
and
their
parents
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章“One
of
the
things
I
have
done
this
year
is
to
relate
my
teaching
to
contemporary
events
in
a
way
that
one
hasn’t
traditionally
done.
”
今年我做过的一件事是以传统教学没有用过的方式把我的教学与当代的事件联系起来。”可知,
Professor
John
Beath
的讲座主要是有关当代发生的一些事情,
与当前的形势联系得很紧密。故选C。
6.
Careers
in
the
public
sector
are
more
attractive
because
of
their______.
?
A.
higher
pay
B.
greater
stability
(稳定)
C.
fewer
applications
D.
better
reputation
(名声)
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章“Nursing
saw
a
15%
jump,
with
people’s
renewed
interest
in
careers
in
the
public
sector,
which
are
seen
as
more
secure
in
economic
crisis.
”
(护理行业增长了15%,
人们对公共行业的职业重新产生了兴趣,
人们认为这在经济危机中更有保障。)可知,
公共行业被看成是在经济危机中更加有保障的行业,
所以很多人申请公共行业的专业学习。故选B。
7.
In
the
opinion
of
most
parents,
______.
?
A.
economics
should
be
the
focus
of
school
teaching
B.
more
students
should
be
admitted
to
universities
C.
children
should
solve
financial
problems
themselves
D.
the
teaching
of
financial
matters
should
be
strengthened
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章A
recent
study
showed
almost
two
thirds
of
parents
believed
schools
should
do
more
to
teach
pupils
about
financial
matters(最近的一项研究显示,
近三分之二的家长认为学校应该做更多的事情来教学生理财)可知,
家长们希望老师多教学生一些金融方面的知识,
故选D。
8.
What’s
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A.
Economics
is
attracting
an
increasing
number
of
students.
B.
Universities
have
received
more
applications.
C.
College
students
benefit
a
lot
from
economic
uncertainty.
D.
Parents
are
concerned
with
children’s
subject
selection.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了当前经济危机下,
很多人都申请学经济学来更好地理解金融系统的运行模式和职能,
即经济学吸引了越来越多的人。故选A。
Ⅱ.
语法填空
(2021·天津高二检测)
BEIJING
China
will
establish
a
new
special
economic
zone
in
the
1.
_______
(heavy)polluted
province
of
Hebei
to
promote
integration(一体化)with
2.
_______
neighboring
cities
of
Beijing
and
Tianjin,
the
government
has
announced.
The
Xiongan
New
Area
will
be
3.
_______
the
same
national
importance
as
the
Shenzhen
Special
Economic
Zone,
4.
_______
helped
kick-start
China’s
economic
reforms
in
1980,
the
official
Xinhua
News
Agency
said,
citing
a
circular
released
by
the
Chinese
Cabinet.
The
new
special
economic
zone
5.
_______
(locate)around
100km
south-west
of
Beijing,
close
to
the
Hebei
provincial
capital
of
Shijiazhuang
and
will
house
some
of
Beijing’s
relocated
“non-capital
functions”.
It
is
currently
only
100
square
kilometers
in
area
6.
_______
will
eventually
be
expanded
to
2,
000
square
kilometers.
Beijing,
home
to
22
million
people,
7.
_______
(try)to
control
population
growth
and
relocate
industries
and
other
non-capital
functions
to
Hebei
in
the
8.
_______
(come)years
as
part
of
its
efforts
to
prevent
pollution
and
crowdedness.
The
removal
of
non-capital
functions
from
Beijing
is
part
of
a
greater
strategy
to
integrate
the
development
of
Beijing,
Tianjin
and
Hebei
for
a
better
economic
structure,
9.
_______
(clean)environment
and
improved
public
10.
_______
(serve).
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,
中国政府近期要设立雄安新区,
文章介绍了雄安新区的地理位置及设立的设想和功能。
1.
【解析】heavily。考查副词。句意:
中国将在被严重污染的河北省建立一个新经济特区来加快和邻近城市——北京和天津的一体化进程。在英语中,
副词通常作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子,
本句中副词heavily作状语,
修饰形容词polluted。所以要填heavily。
2.
【解析】the。考查定冠词。定冠词the表示特指,
不定冠词a/an表示泛指,
本句使用定冠词the特指河北省两个邻近的城市北京和天津。所以要填the。
3.
【解析】of。考查固定结构。句意:
雄安新区将会和深圳特区有同样的国家重要性。固定结构“of+名词”=“该名词构成的形容词”,
所以句中的“of
importance”=“important”表示重要的;
在句中作表语。所以要填of。
4.
【解析】which。考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是the
Shenzhen
Special
Economic
Zone,
关系代词which指代先行词,
引导定语从句并在句中作主语。所以要填which。
5.
【解析】is
located。考查动词。句意:
这个新的经济特区位于大约北京西南100千米处,
靠近河北省会石家庄。短语be
located意为“位于……”,
在句中作谓语,
所以要填is
located。
6.
【解析】but。考查连词。句意:
现在它只有100平方千米,
但是最终会拓宽至2
000平方千米。根据句意可知,
上下文之间是转折关系,
要用表示转折关系的连词。所以要填but。
7.
【解析】is
trying。考查时态。句意:
北京现在有2
200万人口,
在努力控制人口增长并在未来几年里向河北重新配置工业和其他非首都功能。本句叙述北京现在正在做的事情,
所以填is
trying。
8.
【解析】coming。考查形容词。形容词coming表示“即将到来的”,
在句中作定语,
修饰years,
表示未来的时间。所以要填coming。
9.
【解析】cleaner。考查比较级。句意:
转移北京的非首都功能是整合北京、天津和河北省发展的一个伟大的策略,
是为了一个更好的工业结构,
更清洁的环境并提升公共服务。句中设空处与前面的better是并列成分,
所以要填cleaner。
10.
【解析】service(s)。考查名词。在英语中,
动词的后面要接名词作宾语,
本句中要用serve的名词形式作动词improve的宾语,
所以要填service(s)。
完形填空
(2021·西安高二检测)
Open
data-sharers
are
still
in
the
minority
in
many
fields.
Although
many
researchers
broadly
agree
that
public
access
to
raw
data
would
promote
science,
most
are
1
to
post
the
results
of
their
own
labours
online.
?
Some
communities
have
agreed
to
share
online-geneticists,
for
example,
post
DNA
sequences
at
the
GenBank
repository
(库),
and
astronomers
are
accustomed
to
2
images
of
galaxies
and
stars
from,
say,
the
Sloan
Digital
Sky
Survey,
a
telescope
that
has
observed
some
500
million
objects—but
these
remain
the
3 ,
not
the
rule.
Historically,
scientists
have
4
sharing
for
many
reasons:
it
is
a
lot
of
work,
until
recently,
good
databases
did
not
exist;
grant
funders
were
not
pushing
for
sharing;
it
has
been
difficult
to
agree
on
standards
for
formatting
data,
and
there
is
no
agreed
way
to
assign
credit
for
data.
?
But
the
5
are
disappearing
in
part
because
journals
and
funding
agencies
worldwide
are
encouraging
scientists
to
make
their
data
6 .
Last
year,
the
Royal
Society
in
London
said
in
its
report
that
scientists
need
to.
“ 7
a
research
culture
where
data
is
viewed
as
private
preserve.
”Funding
agencies
note
that
data
paid
for
with
public
money
should
be
public
information,
and
the
scientific
community
is
recognizing
that
data
can
now
be
shared
online
in
ways
that
were
not
possible
before.
To
match
the
growing
demand,
services
are
springing
up
to
make
it
easier
to
publish
research
products
8
and
enable
other
researchers
to
discover
and
cite
(引用)them.
?
Although
calls
to
share
data
often
concentrate
on
the
9
advantages
of
sharing,
the
practice
is
not
purely
beneficial
to
others.
Researchers
who
share
get
plenty
of
personal
benefits
including
more
connections
with
colleagues,
improved
10
and
increased
citations.
The
most
successful
sharers—those
whose
data
are
downloaded
and
cited
the
most
often—get
noticed,
and
their
work
gets
used.
11 ,
one
of
the
most
popular
data
sets
on
multidisciplinary
repository
Dryad
is
about
wood
density
around
the
world;
it
has
been
12
5700
times.
Co-author
Amy
Zanne
thinks
that
users
probably
range
from
climate-change
researchers
wanting
to
estimate
how
much
carbon
is
stored
in
biomass,
to
foresters
looking
for
information
on
different
grades
of
trees.
“I’d
much
prefer
to
have
my
date
used
by
the
13
number
of
people
to
as
their
own
questions,
”
she
says.
“It’s
important
to
allow
readers
and
reviewers
to
see
exactly
how
you
arrive
at
your
results.
Publishing
data
and
code
allows
your
science
to
be
14
.
”?
Even
people
whose
data
are
less
popular
can
benefit.
By
making
the
effort
to
organize
and
label
files
so
others
can
understand
them,
scientists
can
become
more
organized
and
better
disciplined
themselves,
thus
avoiding
15
later
on.
?
【文章大意】本文属于说明文,
公布自己的研究数据和成果正变得越来越流行,
这不仅对外界有好处,
而且对作者本人也有好处。
1.
A.
restricted
B.
reluctant
C.
desperate
D.
generous
【解析】选B。restricted限制的;
reluctant不情愿的;
desperate绝望的;
generous慷慨的。根据前一句可知,
尽管许多研究者都同意,
但是他们大多数还是不愿意将自己的劳动成果公布在网上。故选B。
2.
A.
accessing
B.
processing
C.
analyzing
D.
identifying
【解析】选A。accessing接近,
使用;
processing处理;
analyzing分析;
identifying确认。分析句子可知,
本句讲述天文学家可以直接使用这个望远镜观测的图像。故选A。
3.
A.
assumption
B.
mystery
C.
exception
D.
phenomenon
【解析】选C。assumption假设;
mystery谜;
exception例外;
phenomenon现象。根据本句not
the
rule可知,
这些情况都是例外。故选C。
4.
A.
longed
for
B.
appealed
to
C.
focused
on
D.
objected
to
【解析】选D。longed
for渴望;
appealed
to呼吁,
吸引;
focused
on关注;
objected
to反对。根据后文可知,
列举了很多科学家反对分享的原因。故选D。
5.
A.
symptoms
B.
barriers
C.
advantages
D.
consequences
【解析】选B。symptoms症状;
barriers障碍;
advantages优势;
consequences结果。根据后文可知,
期刊和资助机构正在鼓励科学家公开数据,
故障碍在消失。故选B。
6.
A.
controllable
B.
unique
C.
reliable
D.
public
【解析】选D。controllable可控制的;
unique唯一的;
reliable可靠的;
public公开的。根据文章可知,
此处指公开自己的数据。故选D。
7.
A.
shift
away
from
B.
end
up
with
C.
give
rise
to
D.
build
【解析】选A。shift
away
from转变;
end
up
with以……结束;
give
rise
to引起;
build创建。根据文章可知,
研究的文化在发生改变。故选A。
8.
A.
secret
B.
digitally
C.
ethically
D.
fairly
【解析】选B。secret秘密的;
digitally数字地;
ethically道德地;
fairly相当。根据文章可知,
越来越多的研究成果以数字版本出版。故选B。
9.
A.
material
B.
individual
C.
moral
D.
economic
【解析】选C。material材料;
individual个人;
moral道德的;
economic经济的。根据文章可知,
本句主要讲述呼吁公开研究数据的道德原因。故选C。
10.
A.
visibility
B.
awareness
C.
condition
D.
confidence
【解析】选A。visibility可见度;
awareness意识;
condition条件;
confidence信心。分享文章可知,
本句讲述公开数据对个人的好处。故选A。
11.
A.
On
the
contrary
B.
As
a
result
C.
For
example
D.
After
all
【解析】选C。On
the
contrary相反;
As
a
result因此;
For
example比如;
After
all毕竟。根据后文可知,
本句是前一句的举例说明。故选C。
12.
A.
downloaded
B.
updated
C.
optimized
D.
addressed
【解析】选A。downloaded下载;
updated更新;
optimized优化;
addressed做演讲。根据文章可知,
本句讲述最受欢迎的数据下载次数。故选A。
13.
A.
moderate
B.
maximum
C.
average
D.
estimate
【解析】选B。moderate温和的;
maximum最大的;
average平均的;
estimate估计。根据文章可知,
作者希望自己的数据能够帮助更多的人。故选B。
14.
A.
reversible
B.
profitable
C.
reproducible
D.
recognizable
【解析】选C。reversible可逆的;
profitable可盈利的;
reproducible可再生的;
recognizable可认出的。公开数据和代码结果能让你的科学研究衍生。故选C。
15.
A.
crisis
B.
confusion
C.
risk
D.
conflict
【解析】选B。crisis危机;
confusion混淆;
risk风险;
conflict冲突。根据本句可知,
公布研究数据有助于让科研者更有条理,
经受训练以避免之后的困惑。故选B。
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