Unit
5
Into
the
unknown
Developing
ideas
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
The
shipwrecked
(shipwreck)couple
were
rescued
by
two
fishermen.
2.
Recently,
more
and
more
archaeological
(archaeology)discoveries
have
been
made
along
the
Silk
Road.
3.
I
dived
as
a
fish
among
the
corals(coral)
of
Persia
Gulf.
4.
The
city’s
average
rainfall
was
14
millimetres
(millimetre)in
the
24
hours
up
to
Friday
morning.
5.
Eight
kilometres
is
roughly
equivalent
(equivalence)to
five
miles.
6.
There
was
an
impressive
array
of
pill
bottles
stacked(stack)on
top
of
the
fridge
7.
Here
are
two
thousand
notables(notable),
whose
property
will
supply
the
deficit(赤字).
8.
All
substances(substance),
whether
they
are
gaseous,
liquid
or
solid,
are
made
of
atoms.
9.
They
were
found
on
fishing
vessels
(vessel)in
the
1800s.
10.
They
had
accidentally
damaged
a
gas
pipe
while
drilling(drill).
Ⅱ.
选词填空
if
any;
be
equivalent
to;
hold
the
record;
open
up;
be
more
familiar
to
1.
The
building
of
the
railway
opened
up
new
land
to
the
pioneers.
?
2.
As
far
as
I
could
see
there
were
few,
if
any,
foot
police.
?
3.
You
know,
150
dollars
is
roughly
equivalent
to
1,
000
yuan
in
RMB.
?
4.
Usually
listen
to
English
songs,
watch
some
English
movies,
we
will
be
more
familiar
to
English
pronunciation.
?
5.
Tom
may
hold
the
record
for
the
greatest
number
of
hot
dogs
eaten
in
ten
minutes.
?
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
On
the
back
wall
of
our
classroom
hangs
a
big
clock,
which
looks
very
old.
在我们教室的后墙上挂着一只大钟,
看起来非常古老。(地点状语+倒装句)?
2.
Seen
from
the
top
of
the
mountain,
the
small
village
looks
more
beautiful.
从山顶上看,
这个小村庄更美。(过去分词短语作状语)?
3.
The
old
man
has
two
sons,
one
of
whom
works
in
New
York.
这位老人有两个儿子,
其中一个在纽约工作。(介词+关系代词引导定语从句)?
4.
He
speaks
Chinese
quite
well,
considering
that
he
has
been
in
China
for
only
a
year.
考虑到他到中国才一年,
他的中国话讲得很不错了。(considering
that
)?
5.
There
goes
the
last
train.
?
最后一班火车开走了。(完全倒装)
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2021·芜湖高二检测)
The
world’s
oceans
are
some
of
the
most
interesting
and
breathtaking
places
on
the
entire
planet.
A
lot
of
these
oceans
have
witnessed
a
variety
of
disappearances
and
other
mysteries,
most
of
which
cannot
and
have
not
been
explained
by
modern
science.
Here
are
some
interesting
unsolved
sea
mysteries
of
the
world.
USS
Scorpion
In
February
1969,
the
USS
Scorpion,
an
American
submarine,
departed
from
Norfolk,
Virginia,
on
its
way
towards
the
Mediterranean.
The
crew
had
almost
a
decade
of
experience,
and
yet
the
sub
disappeared
and
broke
into
pieces
on
the
sea
floor.
There
were
99
men
aboard
the
sub,
all
of
whom
lost
their
lives.
Baltic
Sea
Sub
In
the
later
half
of
2014,
a
mysterious
vessel(
大
船
)
was
spotted
by
Swedish
citizens,
many
of
whom
described
it
as
a
Russian
submarine,
in
the
Baltic
Sea.
The
military
spent
much
time
in
investigating,
but
found
no
sign
of
the
mysterious
sub.
The
search
was
named
“the
hunt
for
Reds
in
October.
”
Bermeja
Island
During
the
1970s,
Bermeja
Island
served
as
a
bit
of
a
marker
for
Mexico
and
their
economic
zone.
Around
20
years
later,
the
island
disappeared
without
any
sign.
Along
with
the
island,
numerous
important
documents
about
major
oil
reserves
also
went
missing.
Gulf
of
Mexico
Shipwreck
In
2001,
ExxonMobil
was
laying
pipeline
in
the
Gulf
of
Mexico
when
they
ran
into
a
shipwreck
around
2,
600
feet
under
the
surface.
Upon
exploring
the
shipwreck,
archaeologists
believed
it
to
be
a
terrible
spell,
as
something
would
constantly
go
wrong
when
they
went
down
to
explore.
SS
Edmund
Fitzgerald
Lake
Superior
is
so
large
that
it
behaves
like
an
inland
ocean,
including
terrific
storms.
In
November
1975,
one
such
storm
struck
the
vessel
SS
Edmund
Fitzgerald,
which
was
headed
to
Detroit.
The
Fitzgerald
disappeared
after
communications
were
lost.
A
week
later,
a
sonar(
声呐)
ship
found
the
vessel
500
feet
under
the
water.
Not
one
body
was
found,
though.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。海洋是整个地球上最有趣和最令人惊叹的地方之一。海洋见证了各种各样的失踪和其他神秘事件,
其中大多数不能也没有被现代科学所解释。文章主要介绍了世界上一些有趣的未解之谜。
1.
Why
does
the
author
think
of
USS
Scorpion
as
a
mystery?
A.
Because
99
men
died
aboard
the
sub.
B.
Because
it
lost
its
way
towards
the
Mediterranean.
C.
Because
the
sub
still
sank
even
with
experienced
crew.
D.
Because
there
is
no
information
of
the
unknown
sub.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段可知船员们几乎有10年的经验,
但这艘潜艇还是消失了,
在海底摔成了碎片。由此可知,
作者认为蝎子号是一个谜是因为即使有经验丰富的船员,
潜水艇还是沉没了。故选C。
2.
What
do
Baltic
Sea
Sub
and
Gulf
of
Mexico
Shipwreck
have
in
common?
A.
Both
are
highly
put
on
a
bad
spell.
B.
Both
the
names
of
the
vessels
are
unknown.
C.
Both
are
found
on
the
beaches.
D.
Both
are
said
to
be
Russian
vessels.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段可知2014年下半年,
一艘神秘的船只在波罗的海被瑞典公民发现,
其中许多人将其描述为一艘俄罗斯潜艇。以及第五段可知2001年,
埃克森美孚公司在墨西哥湾铺设输油管道时,
在海底2
600英尺处偶然遇见了一艘沉船。在探索海难时,
考古学家认为这是一个可怕的咒语,
因为当他们下去探索时,
总会有东西出错。由此可知,
波罗的海潜艇和墨西哥湾沉船共同之处是都不知道两艘船的名字。故选B。
3.
Which
mystery
is
different
from
the
others?
A.
SS
Edmund
Fitzgerald
B.
Bermeja
Island
C.
Gulf
of
Mexico
Shipwreck
D.
USS
Scorpion
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中可知大约20年后,
这个岛消失得无影无踪。除了这座岛屿,
大量关于主要石油储备的重要文件也消失了。结合其他的谜团都是关于船只的,
由此可知,
Bermeja岛的谜团与其他的不同。故选B。
B
(2021·天津高二检测)
New
Zealand
will
create
one
of
the
largest
marine
protected
areas
in
the
world,
spanning
an
area
of
620,
000
square
km.
“The
Kermadec
Ocean
Sanctuary
(保护区)
will
be
one
of
the
world’s
most
significant
fully
protected
ecosystems,
”the
prime
minister
of
New
Zealand,
John
Key,
told
the
UN
General
Assembly
in
New
York.
The
sanctuary
is
in
the
South
Pacific
Ocean,
about
1,
000
km
north-east
of
New
Zealand,
and
expands
a
marine
reserve
that
surrounds
some
small
islands.
The
area
is
considered
important
in
terms
of
biodiversity,
featuring
nearly
35
species
of
whales
and
dolphins,
150
types
of
fish
and
three
of
the
world’s
seven
sea
turtle
species.
It
is
also
geologically
significant,
including
the
world’s
longest
chain
of
underwater
volcanoes
and
the
second
deepest
ocean
trench,
into
10
km
underwater
—
deeper
than
Mount
Everest’s
height.
The
scale
of
the
sanctuary
will
dwarf
(矮化)
any
previous
New
Zealand’s
protected
area,
spanning
twice
the
size
of
the
country’s
mainland.
It
will
cover
15%
of
New
Zealand’s
economic
mercial
and
recreational
fishing
will
be
completely
banned,
as
will
oil,
gas
and
mineral
prospecting
(勘探),
exploration
and
mining.
Key’s
government
aims
to
pass
legislation
establishing
the
sanctuary
next
year.
“The
sanctuary
is
a
world-class,
unspoiled
marine
environment
and
New
Zealand
is
proud
to
protect
it
for
future
generations,
”Key
said.
“New
Zealanders
value
our
coasts
and
oceans,
which
are
an
important
part
of
our
culture,
economy
and
environment
and
we
are
committed
to
managing
them
sustainably.
Creating
protected
areas
will
support
not
only
our
own
fisheries,
but
those
of
our
Pacific
neighbors,
adding
to
New
Zealand’s
efforts
to
help
grow
Pacific
economies
through
the
responsible
management
of
their
ocean
resources.
”
Nick
Smith,
New
Zealand’s
environment
minister,
said
the
sanctuary
might
impose
a
cost
upon
the
mining
industry
but
that
it
is
important
to
protect
the
ocean
before
exploration
takes
place.
“New
Zealand
needs
to
use
its
vast
ocean
resources
for
jobs
and
exports
in
industries
like
fishing,
aquaculture,
minerals
and
energy,
but
we
also
need
to
set
aside
special
areas
where
nature
comes
first
and
marine
life
is
fully
protected,
”Smith
said.
New
Zealand
will
monitor
the
area
via
its
navy
and
satellite
technology.
The
Kermadec
region
will
join
three
other
key
areas
in
the
Pacific
protected
by
the
US,
the
UK
and
Australia.
Matt
Rand,
director
of
the
Pew
Charitable
Trusts’
Global
Ocean
Legacy
(遗产)
campaign,
welcomed
Key’s
announcement.
“New
Zealand
will
create
the
gold
standard
of
conservation
areas
in
the
sanctuary,
preserving
one
of
the
fewly
unspoiled
areas
of
ocean
on
Earth,
”he
said.
“This
commitment
is
an
exciting
step
toward
meeting
global
goals
to
safeguard
at
least
30%
of
the
ocean
through
fully
protected
marine
reserves.
”
【文章大意】本文介绍了新西兰将打造一个世界上规模最大的海洋保护区。
4.
Why
is
the
Kermadec
Ocean
Sanctuary
important
in
biodiversity?
A.
It
has
a
superior
geographical
location.
B.
It
has
many
different
kinds
of
sea
animals.
C.
Its
environment
is
suitable
for
the
growth
of
marine
life.
D.
It
is
the
only
unspoiled
area
of
ocean
remained
on
Earth.
【解析】选B。
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句(就生物多样性而言,
该地区被认为是重要的,
具有近35种的鲸鱼和海豚,
150种鱼和7种世界海龟中的3种)可知,
这个海域有众多的海洋生物,
这对生物多样性是很重要的。故选B。
5.
Which
of
the
following
will
Key
probably
agree
on?
A.
People
are
allowed
to
fish
for
fun
in
the
sanctuary.
B.
All
Pacific
countries
should
be
responsible
for
ocean
resources.
C.
New
Zealanders
attach
great
importance
to
protecting
the
sanctuary.
D.
New
Zealand
has
made
great
achievement
in
creating
protected
areas.
【解析】选C。
推理判断题。根据第五段中New
Zealanders
value
our
coasts
and
oceans,
which
are
an
important
part
of
our
culture,
economy
and
environment
and
we
are
committed
to
managing
them
sustainably.
(我们新西兰人民珍惜自己的海岸和海洋,
这是我们文化、经济和环境的重要组成部分,
我们致力于可持续管理。)可知,
Key会同意C项观点。
6.
What
can
we
infer
from
what
Nick
Smith
said?
A.
New
Zealand
should
develop
its
marine
industry
in
special
areas.
B.
The
Kermadec
Ocean
Sanctuary
may
affect
New
Zealand’s
mining
industry.
C.
New
Zealand
hasn’t
figured
out
how
to
make
full
use
of
its
ocean
resources.
D.
Measures
should
be
taken
immediately
to
protect
the
ocean
after
explorations.
【解析】选B。
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段第一句“Nick
Smith,
New
Zealand’s
environment
minister,
said
the
sanctuary
might
impose
a
cost
upon
the
mining
industry
but
that
it
is
important
to
protect
the
ocean
before
exploration
takes
place.
”可知,
这个海洋保护区可能会对采矿业造成影响。故选B。
Ⅱ.
语法填空
(2021·贵阳高二检测)
The
Mayan
civilization
was
from
a
group
of
people
1.
lived
in
Central
America.
The
Maya
people
used
a(n)
2.
(write)
language
before
Columbus
came
to
the
Americas
in
1492
AD.
They
were
good
3.
art,
building,
and
math.
They
knew
about
stars
and
planets,
which
helped
them
make
calendars.
The
Mayan
civilization
was
the
most
important
between
the
years
of
250
AD
and
900
AD.
4.
(gradual),
the
Mayan
civilization
spread
all
the
way
from
Central
Mexico
to
Honduras,
Guatemala,
and
northern
El
Salvador.
The
Maya
people
traded
with
other
people
in
the
Americas.
They
made
changes
to
their
buildings
to
make
them
much
5.
(good).
The
style
in
which
they
made
6.
(they)
buildings
was
often
similar
to
styles
of
buildings
in
countries
that
the
Maya
people
traded
with.
The
Mayan
civilization
started
getting
smaller
after
900
AD.
The
Spanish
arrived
in
7.
15th
century
and
took
over
Central
America,
even
the
Mayan
areas.
However,
the
Maya
people
still
live
there
today.
They
even
keep
the
old
Mayan
traditions
and
8.
(believe).
There
are
many
Mayan
languages
still
spoken
today,
9.
(include)
one
called
the
Achi
language.
A
play
called
Rabinal
Achi
10.
(consider)
very
important
to
the
world.
【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了玛雅文明的历史。
1.
【解析】who。考查定语从句。句意:
玛雅文明起源于居住在中美洲的一群人。分析句子可知,
本句为定语从句,
先行词为a
group
of
people,
为人,
who在从句中作主语引导定语从句。故填who。
2.
【解析】written。考查过去分词。句意:
玛雅人在1492年哥伦布来到美洲之前就使用了书面语言。分析句子可知,
所填空处作定语修饰language,
“语言”与“写”为逻辑上的被动关系,
用过去分词。故填written。
3.
【解析】at。考查固定短语和介词。句意:
他们擅长艺术、建筑和数学。be
good
at为固定搭配,
意为“擅长”。故填at。
4.
【解析】Gradually。考查副词。句意:
玛雅文明逐渐从墨西哥中部传播到洪都拉斯、危地马拉和萨尔瓦多北部。结合语境可知,
玛雅文明逐渐开始向其他地区传播。故填Gradually。
5.
【解析】better。考查比较级。句意:
他们对自己的建筑进行了改造,
使之更好。分析句子,
结合前文much可知,
此处用good的比较级。故填better。
6.
【解析】their。考查形容词性物主代词。句意:
他们建造的建筑的风格往往与玛雅人有贸易往来的国家的建筑风格相似。结合语境可知,
此处是他们的建筑。故填their。
7.
【解析】the。考查定冠词。句意:
西班牙人在15世纪到达并占领了中美洲,
甚至玛雅地区。分析句子可知,
in
the
15th
century为固定搭配,
意为“在15世纪”。故填the。
8.
【解析】beliefs。考查名词。句意:
他们甚至保留了古老的玛雅传统和信仰。分析句子,
结合前文traditions可知,
此处用believe的名词复数形式。故填beliefs。
9.
【解析】including。考查介词。句意:
许多玛雅语言至今仍在使用,
包括一种叫做阿齐语的语言。分析句子可知,
所填空处用介词including作状语。故填including。
10.
【解析】is
considered。考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:
一部叫做Rabinal
Achi的戏剧对世界来说非常重要。分析句子可知,
戏剧与认为为逻辑上的被动关系,
描述现在的事实用一般现在时,
且主语A
play是单数。故填is
considered。
阅读填句
(2021·沈阳高二检测)
Sleep
to
Lose
Weight
A
recent
study
found
that
people
who
sleep
less
tend
to
be
fat.
Experts
said
it’s
time
to
find
out
if
more
sleep
can
fight
obesity.
Nowadays,
the
most
popular
method
to
keep
fit
is
doing
more
exercise
and
eating
less.
Some
people
even
take
weight-loss
drugs
to
keep
slim,
which
is
unhealthy
and
harmful
to
your
body.
“ 1 As
a
result,
we’ve
failed
to
recognize
the
value
of
good
sleep,
”
said
a
physician.
?
Men
sleep
an
average
of
27
minutes
less
than
women,
and
overweight
and
fat
patients
sleep
less
than
patients
with
normal
weights.
In
general,
fat
people
just
sleep
about
1.
8
hours
less
a
week
than
those
with
normal
weights.
2 Only
an
extra
20
minutes
of
sleep
per
night
contributes
to
a
lower
body
mass
index(身体质量指数).
?
We
caution
that
this
study
does
not
establish
a
cause-and-effect
relationship
between
limited
sleep
and
fatness.
3 Therefore,
let’s
stay
thin
by
sleeping
more!
?
Here
are
some
other
advantages
of
sleeping
more.
?
You’ll
learn
better.
This
isn’t
just
for
children.
Adults
who
get
enough
sleep
also
do
better
on
tests
of
short-term
memory.
? 4 ?
After
getting
enough
sleep,
you
will
find
yourself
feeling
happy
and
delighted.
?
Lower
stress.
5 With
that
people
can
better
control
their
blood
pressure.
?
A.
Better
mood.
B.
You
will
be
energized.
C.
Sleep
can
definitely
reduce
levels
of
stress.
D.
We’ve
put
so
much
emphasis
on
diet
and
exercise.
E.
The
study
is
intended
to
offer
a
healthy
way
to
help
people
sleep
longer.
F.
The
experts
suggest
that
too
much
extension
of
sleep
time
not
be
necessary.
G.
However,
investigations
of
successful
weight
loss
by
sleeping
more
help
prove
such
a
connection.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了专家通过对比肥胖人群和健康人群的睡眠时间得出适当延长睡眠有助于减肥的结论,
同时还有睡眠的其他好处。
1.
【解析】选D。由本段第一句“现在,
最流行的保持健康的方法是多锻炼和少吃。”和空后一句“因此,
我们没有认识到良好睡眠的价值”可知,
承接上下文,
D选项“我们太强调饮食和锻炼。”切题。该选项中的diet
and
exercise对应上文中的exercise
and
eating
less,
正是因为太强调运动饮食才会忽视睡眠的重要性。故选D。
2.
【解析】选F。由上一句“一般来说,
肥胖的人每周只比正常体重的人少睡1.
8小时。”和空后一句“每晚只多睡20分钟有助于降低身体质量指数。”可知,
承接上下文,
F选项“专家建议不必过多延长睡眠时间。”切题。该选项中的too
much
extension
of
sleep
time
not
be
necessary对应下文中的Only
an
extra
20
minutes
of
sleep
per
night。故选F。
3.
【解析】选G。由上一句“我们谨慎说,
这项研究并没有在有限睡眠和肥胖之间建立因果关系。”和空后那句“因此,
让我们多睡一会儿,
保持苗条!
”可知,
承接上下文,
G选项“然而,
通过更多睡眠成功减肥的调查有助于证明这种联系。”切题。该选项中的such
a
connection对应上文中的a
cause-and-effect
relationship
between
limited
sleep
and
fatness,
也对应后文“通过多睡保持苗条”。故选G。
4.
【解析】选A。由下文“睡眠充足后,
你会发现自己感到快乐。”可知,
承接下文,
A选项“更好的心情。”切题。该选项中Better
mood对应下文中的feeling
happy
and
delighted。故选A。
5.
【解析】选C。由标题“减少压力”可知,
承接上文,
C选项“睡眠绝对可以减轻压力。”切题。该选项中reduce
levels
of
stress对应上文中的Lower
stress。故选C。
话题写作·素养升级
写一篇关于未解现象的文章
Good
morning
,
everyone,
I’m
Li
Hua
from
Xing
Guang
Middle
school.
The
topic
of
my
speech
is
“
The
unexplained—the
Loch
Ness
monster”
.
In
the
north
of
Scotland
there
is
a
lake
called
Loch
Ness.
It’s
the
deepest
lake
in
the
UK.
People
say
a
big
monster
lives
in
the
water.
It
weighs
at
least
1,
000
kilos.
People
first
told
it
over
500
years
ago,
but
it
became
popular
later.
In
1993,
it
was
said
that
some
people
saw
a
big
monster
in
the
middle
of
the
lake.
After
that,
some
also
said
they
saw
a
monster
in
Loch
Ness.
A
few
people
took
photos,
but
some
of
them
weren’t
real
photos.
Then
scientists
worked
hard
to
find
out
the
fact.
Is
there
really
a
monster
in
the
lake?
There
is
no
evidence
that
there
is
not.
But
one
thing
is
true:
plenty
of
people
go
there
for
it
every
year.
Thank
you!
1.
话题特点
写自然未解之谜类文章,
要有科学依据,
不能凭空杜撰,
选材须来自科学文献或权威机构。
(1)文章通常由三大部分组成。首先交代清楚未解之谜的内容或现象。然后详细介绍关于该未解之谜的具体信息:
怪异事件及其发生地点或描述怪物的特征等。最后描述对其所做的科学探索,
试着解开谜团。
(2)时态多为一般现在时,
但介绍具体事件时,
使用一般过去时。
(3)人称以第三人称为主。
2.
话题词汇
(1)Ladies
and
gentlemen
女士们,
先生们
(2)As
we
all
know
众所周知
(3)However
然而
(4)It
be
said
that
据说……
(5)There
is
no
evidence
没有证据
(6)Thank
you
very
much
for
your
attention.
非常感谢你的关注。
3.
话题句式
(试着替换方框中的黑体部分,
变成你需要表达的意思)
(1)I’m
Li
Hua
from
Xing
Guang
Middle
school.
The
topic
of
my
speech
is
“The
unexplained—the
Loch
Ness
monster”.
(2)In
1993,
it
was
said
that
some
people
saw
a
big
monster
in
the
middle
of
the
lake.
(3)Then,
scientists
worked
hard
to
find
out
the
fact.
(4)There
is
no
evidence(证据)
that
there
is
not.
(5)But
one
thing
is
true:
plenty
of
people
go
there
for
it
every
year.
(6)Thank
you!
假设你是星光中学的李华,
接受了你校校报的一项写作任务,
要为校报写一篇有关百慕大三角未解之谜的文章。要点如下:
1.
位置:
位于大西洋,
靠近佛罗里达州
2.
事件:
1995年,
一组日本科学家前往考察,
后来杳无音信
3.
原因:
奇特的海水和突如其来的风暴,
被称为死亡三角。
注意:
词数80左右
1.
百慕大三角 The
Bermuda
Triangle?
2.
突如其来的风暴
sudden
storm?
3.
失去生命
lose
one’s
life?
4.
坏的
broken
5.
……怎么样
what
be
sb.
/sth.
like?
6.
听说
hear
of?
1.
完成句子
(1)百慕大三角(Bermuda
Triangle)位于大西洋,
靠近美国的佛罗里达州。
The
Bermuda
Triangle
is
in
the
Atlantic
Ocean,
near
Florida
in
the
USA.
?
(2)因其奇特的海水和突如其来的风暴而被称为死亡三角。
It
is
known
as
The
Triangle
of
Death
for
its
strange
sea
water
and
sudden
storm.
?
(3)1995年,
一组日本科学家考察了那里的真实情况。
A
group
of
Japanese
scientists
went
there
to
see
what
it
was
really
like
in
1995.
?
(4)从那以后就再也没有听说过他们。
Nothing
has
been
heard
of
ever
since.
?
2.
句式升级
(5)用非谓语动词作状语把(1)(2)合并。
The
Bermuda
Triangle
is
in
the
Atlantic
Ocean,
near
Florida
in
the
USA,
known
as
The
Triangle
of
Death
for
its
strange
sea
water
and
sudden
storm.
?
(6)用并列连词把(3)(4)改为并列句。
A
group
of
Japanese
scientists
went
there
to
see
what
it
was
really
like
in
1995,
but
nothing
has
been
heard
of
ever
since.
?
Good
morning
,
everyone
,
I’m
Li
Hua
from
Xing
Guang
Middle
school
.
The
topic
of
my
speech
is
“The
unexplained—The
Bermuda
Triangle”
.
The
Bermuda
Triangle
is
in
the
Atlantic
Ocean,
near
Florida
in
the
USA,
known
as
The
Triangle
of
Death
for
its
strange
sea
water
and
sudden
storm.
During
the
past
60
years
more
than
1,
000
seamen
in
ships
and
pilots
in
the
planes
have
lost
their
lives.
It
is
said
that
no
broken
ships
and
planes
or
dead
bodies
have
been
found
so
far.
No
one
is
able
to
tell
how
all
these
accidents
have
happened.
A
group
of
Japanese
scientists
went
there
to
see
what
it
was
really
like
in
1995,
but
nothing
has
been
heard
of
ever
since.
Thank
you!
主题活动·素养提升
The
topic:
ocean
exploration
Pros:
It
is
called
the
cradle
of
life,
where
there
are
many
creatures.
It
plays
a
role
in
everything
from
air
we
breathe
to
daily
weather
and
climate
patterns.
It
can
help
us
develop
new
resources
to
ease
the
decreasing
resources
on
the
earth.
.
.
.
Cons:
It
is
a
sheer
waste
of
time
and
money.
It
is
extremely
dangerous
to
explore
the
deep
sea.
It
may
destroy
the
marine
environment.
.
.
.
Your
opinion:
I
am
in
favour
of
ocean
exploration.
?
The
reason:
Each
coin
has
two
sides.
The
oceans
cover
more
than
two-thirds
of
our
planet’s
surface.
They
cool
us
off,
and
protect
our
environment
from
overheating.
The
oceans
are
also
a
rich
source
of
food
for
us.
Abundant
in
fish,
plants
and
minerals,
they
can
help
ease
the
burden
our
rapidly
expanding
population
is
placing
on
Earth.
?
名作赏读·素养培优
《潘德尔家的巫师》1612年,
在兰开夏郡的潘德尔山附近住着一个名叫詹妮特·迪瓦斯的小女孩。那时她刚9岁,
因家里穷时常饿肚子,
长得很瘦弱。她缺衣少鞋,
有时一连几天吃不上饭。生活对她来说十分艰难。詹妮特的外祖母老德姆代克是一个巫师。她的母亲伊丽莎白和她的姐姐艾丽森也都是巫师。就连她可怜兮兮、傻头傻脑的哥哥詹姆斯也是巫师……不管怎样,
村民们是这样认为的。本书以女主人公詹妮特的口吻来描述一家人的故事。?
The
Witches
of
Pendle(excerpt)
The
servant
smiled.
“The
trial
is
finished,
”he
said
“You’re
a
good
child,
Jennet.
You
told
the
judge
the
truth
about
the
Witches.
”
Mr
Nowell
took
me
home
to
Read
Hall.
And
on
the
twentieth
day
of
August
1612,
the
guards
took
my
mother,
my
sister
and
my
brother
out
of
prison
,
and
hanged
them
in
front
of
Lancaster
Castle.
And
so
I
lost
my
family.
When
I
was
a
child,
I
wanted
to
be
happy.
I
wanted
to
be
warm,
to
wear
shoes,
to
eat
good
food.
I
wanted
someone
to
take
care
of
me.
That’s
all.
My
mother
gave
me
nothing.
She
gave
me
no
love.
She
never
took
care
of
me.
Because
my
mother
was
a
witch,
my
father
ran
away
and
I
never
knew
him.
My
father
was
a
rich
man
without
a
name,
and
I
lived
hungry
and
cold
with
a
witch.
And
so
I
told
Judge
Bromley
the
truth
about
my
family.
Was
I
wrong?
I
don’t
know.
I
was
happy
for
years
at
Read
Hall.
For
twenty-one
years,
I
forgot
my
family.
I
learned
to
cook
for
the
Nowell
family;
I
worked
many
hours
every
day
but
I
was
warm
and
I
ate
good
food.
Every
Sunday,
in
my
best
dress,
I
went
to
church;
every
summer
I
walked
over
Pendle
Hill.
I
never
thought
about
my
family,
because
I
was
happy
at
Read
Hall.
In
August
1612,
the
guards
hanged
my
family
in
front
of
Lancaster
Castle.
But
their
dead
faces
waited
for
me
there;
and
a
year
ago,
in
1633,
when
the
guards
put
me
in
the
prison
in
Lancaster
Castle,
I
met
them
again.
Day
after
day,
I
see
their
ugly,
dead
faces
and
hear
their
cold,
angry
voices.
I
think
of
them
all
the
time.
God
is
with
me
here,
in
prison.
I
believe
that.
But
my
dead
family
is
with
me
too.
Mr
Webster,
from
the
church
at
Kildwick,
visits
me
again.
His
blue
eyes
are
tired,
but
he
smiles
at
me.
“Edmund
Robinson
and
his
father
told
the
truth
in
London,
”he
says
quietly.
“The
child
told
lies
about
you
because
he
was
afraid
of
his
father.
He
wanted
his
father
to
love
him.
”
I
say
nothing.
Mr
Webster
wants
to
be
kind,
but
he
cannot
help
me.
Mr
Nowell
cannot
help
me
because
he
is
dead.
Edmund
Robinson
is
only
a
child;
he
tells
lies
one
day,
and
the
truth
the
next
day.
But
the
truth
cannot
help
me.
What
can
I
do
against
hate
and
lies?
When
Mr
Nowell
was
alive,
the
Villagers
didn’t
talk
about
me.
But
when
Mr
Nowell
died,
the
lies
began.
The
villagers
are
all
afraid
of
me—because
my
name
is
Device.
They
hate
me—because
my
name
is
Device.
They
say
I
am
a
witch—because
my
name
is
Device.
I
come
from
a
family
of
witches,
but
I
am
not
a
witch.
Nobody
died
because
I
cursed
them.
I
never
made
clay
pictures,
I
never
had
a
cat
or
dog.
I
only
wanted
to
live
quietly
at
Read
Hall
and
watch
the
changing
skies
over
Pendle
Hill.
When
I
was
a
child,
I
was
always
cold
and
hungry,
and
I
hated
my
family
because
they
were
witches.
In
1612,
I
told
the
truth,
and
the
truth
killed
my
family.
Now,
twenty-two
years
later,
lies
are
going
to
kill
me,
here
in
Lancaster
Castle,
and
I
am
cold
and
hungry
again.
Mr
Webster
gives
me
bread,
and
I
go
back
into
the
prison.
I
can
never
go
back
to
Read
Hall;
I
know
that
now.
I
must
stay
here
in
Lancaster
Castle,
with
my
dead
family.
They
are
watching
me,
and
waiting
for
me.
I
can
never
be
free
of
them.
This
is
my
true
story;
and
I
want
to
finish
it
now.
译文:
《潘德尔家的巫师》(节选)
仆人笑了。“审判结束了,
”他说。“你是个好孩子,
詹妮特,
你把有关巫师们的真相告诉了法官。”
诺埃尔先生把我带回里德宅院。1612年8月20日,
看守们把我的妈妈、姐姐和哥哥押出监狱,
在兰卡斯特城堡前绞死了他们。
就这样我失去了我的一家人。
当我还是个孩子时,
我希望过得快乐。我想穿得暖和,
想有鞋穿,
有好东西吃。我盼望有人来关心我,
仅此而已。我的妈妈什么也没有给过我。她从未给过我一点爱。她从不关心我。因为妈妈是女巫,
我的父亲跑掉了,
我根本不知道他是谁。他是一个没有名字的有钱人,
而我却和女巫一起生活,
过着饥寒交迫的日子。因此,
我把我一家的真相告诉了布罗姆利法官。我错了吗?
我不知道。
在里德宅院我幸福地生活了很多年。21年来,
我忘记了我的家人。我学着为诺埃尔一家做饭;
虽然每天工作很长时间,
但是我穿得暖吃得好。每个星期天,
我穿上最好的衣服去教堂祈祷;
每年夏天我在潘德尔山上漫步。我从未想到过我的家人,
因为我在里德宅院生活得很愉快。
1612年8月,
看守们在兰卡斯特城堡前绞死了我的一家。然而他们死去的面孔在那里等待着我。一年前,
也就是1633年,
看守们把我关进了兰卡斯特城堡监狱。在狱中,
我又遇到了他们。日复一日,
我能看见他们丑陋的死去的面孔,
听得到他们冰冷、气愤的声音。我总是想到他们。上帝在这里,
在监狱中与我同在,
对此我深信不疑。可是我死去的一家也与我同在。
基尔德威克教堂的韦伯斯特先生又来看我了。他看上去很疲劳,
但是他向我微笑着。
“埃德蒙·鲁滨逊和他父亲在伦敦说了实话,
”他轻声说。“那个孩子过去所说的有关你的事都是扯谎,
因为他害怕他父亲。他希望父亲爱他。”
我什么也没说。韦伯斯特先生尽量和善地待我,
可是他帮不了我。诺埃尔先生也无法帮我,
因为他已经去世了。埃德蒙·鲁滨逊只是个孩子;
他今天说谎,
明天说真话,
但是真话也帮不了我。我能做什么来对抗仇恨和谎言呢?
诺埃尔先生在世时,
村民们没有议论过我。然而诺埃尔先生去世后,
谎言便开始流传起来。村民们都害怕我——因为我姓迪瓦斯。他们恨我——因为我姓迪瓦斯。他们说我是女巫——因为我姓迪瓦斯。
我来自巫师之家,
可我不是巫师。我从未咒死过任何人。我从未制作过泥像。我从未养过猫或狗。我只想在里德宅院平静地生活,
我只想凝望潘德尔山顶上那片不断变化的天空。
孩提时代,
我总是挨饿受冻,
我恨我的家人,
因为他们都是巫师。1612年,
我说了真话,
而真话害死了我的一家。22年后的今天,
谎言将使我在兰卡斯特城堡中丧生,
我再次陷入了饥寒交迫的苦难中。
韦伯斯特先生给了我面包,
我又回到了牢房里。我再也无法重归里德宅院了;
现在我知道这点了。我必须待在兰卡斯特城堡监狱里,
和我死去的一家在一起。
他们正在注视着我,
等待着我,
我永远也无法摆脱他们。
这是我的真实故事;
就讲到这儿吧。
PAGEUnit
5
Into
the
unknown
Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
The
ancient
civilizations
(civilization)of
Central
and
Latin
America
were
founded
upon
corn.
?
2.
The
more
I
got
to
know
him,
the
more
he
intrigued
(intrigue)me.
3.
I
was
looking
for
my
handbag,
which
was
buried
(bury)under
a
pile
of
old
newspapers.
?
4.
They
built
the
pyramids
(pyramid)and
turned
their
kings
into
mummies.
5.
Canals(canal)
have
been
built
to
take
water
to
the
desert.
6.
You
must
grow
these
tropical
(tropic)flowers
in
a
glasshouse.
7.
In
the
Pacific
such
storms
are
called
cyclones(cyclone),
but
in
the
Atlantic
are
typically
called
hurricanes.
8.
Acknowledge
your
successes
along
with
your
downfalls(
downfall).
9.
He
was
abandoned(abandon)by
his
father
when
he
was
three
months
old.
?
10.
If
you
don’t
concentrate
more
on
your
work,
you’ll
be
dismissed(dismiss).
?
Ⅱ.
选词填空
correspond
to;
be
based
on;
at
one’s
peak;
fall
into
ruin;
lead
to
;
deal
with
1.
In
this
firm,
the
manager
corresponds
to
the
general
in
the
army.
?
2.
This
kind
of
discussion
will
certainly
lead
to
still
greater
differences
between
the
two
parties.
?
3.
Their
numerical
system,
derived
from
the
Babylonians,
was
based
on
multiples
of
the
number
six.
?
4.
It
is
becoming
increasingly
difficult
to
deal
with
the
problems
of
traffic
in
big
cities.
?
5.
At
her
peak,
Houston
was
the
golden
girl
of
the
music
world.
?
6.
A
large
number
of
churches
fell
into
ruin
after
revolution.
?
Ⅲ.
翻译句子
1.
由于埋头工作,
他没有注意到时间已经很晚了。(过去分词作状语)
Buried
in
working,
he
didn’t
notice
it
was
too
late.
?
2.
他会不会讲法语并不重要。(It
doesn’t
matter句型)
It
doesn’t
matter
whether
he
can
speak
French
or
not.
?
3.
在老师的帮助下,
他的英语进步很大。(with复合结构)
His
English
has
improved
a
lot
with
his
teacher
helping
him.
?
4.
你听说他在比赛中获得一等奖的消息了吗?
(同位语从句)
Have
you
heard
the
news
that
he
got
the
first
prize
in
the
competition?
?
5.
很可能她已经到达了目的地。(it
is
likely
that从句)
It
is
likely
that
she
has
reached
the
destination.
?
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2021·哈尔滨高二检测)
The
Mayan
Indians
lived
in
Mexico
for
thousands
of
years.
The
Maya
were
so
bright
that
they
achieved
a
lot.
They
had
farms,
temples
and
cities
with
many
buildings.
They
knew
much
about
nature
and
the
world
around
them.
This
knowledge
helped
them
to
live
a
better
life
than
most
people
of
that
time.
In
ancient
Mexico
there
were
many
small
clearings
in
the
forest.
In
each
clearing
was
a
village
with
fields
of
crops
around
it.
The
Maya
planted
seeds
after
they
cleared
the
land.
A
farmer
was
able
to
grow
crops
that
produced
for
several
people.
But
not
every
Maya
had
to
be
a
farmer.
Some
were
builders
or
priests
(祭司).
The
Maya
believed
in
many
gods.
They
built
large
temples
to
honor
them.
Skillful
workers
built
cities
around
these
temples.
It
was
difficult
because
they
had
to
carry
all
of
the
building
materials
themselves.
Today,
many
of
these
ancient
Mayan
cities
and
temples
are
still
standing.
Although
the
Maya
worked
hard
to
build
the
beautiful
cities,
very
few
of
them
lived
in
them.
Usually,
only
the
priests
lived
in
the
cities.
The
other
people
lived
in
small
villages
in
the
forests.
Their
houses
were
much
simpler.
Most
Maya
lived
a
simple
life
close
to
nature.
Around
the
year
800,
the
Maya
left
their
villages
and
beautiful
cities,
never
to
return.
No
one
knows
why
this
happened.
They
may
have
died
from
a
deadly
disease.
They
may
have
left
because
the
soil
could
no
longer
grow
crops.
The
lost
secrets
of
the
Maya
are
still
beyond
the
reach
of
modern
people.
They
are
still
one
of
our
greatest
mysteries.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍神秘的玛雅人的生活、信仰等,
从而说明玛雅人的神秘。
1.
The
Maya
lived
better
than
most
people
of
their
times
because
______.
?
A.
they
had
skillful
workers
B.
they
believed
in
many
gods
C.
they
knew
better
about
nature
D.
they
could
measure
time
correctly
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由“They
knew
much
about
nature
and
the
world
around
them.
This
knowledge
helped
them
to
live
a
better
life
than
most
people
of
that
time.
”可知他们知道很多关于自然和周围的世界的知识。这些知识帮助他们过上比当时大多数人更好的生活。故选C。
2.
It
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage
that
______.
?
A.
the
priests
were
not
highly
respected
by
the
ancient
Maya
B.
the
ancient
Mayan
cities
and
temples
were
well
built
C.
the
ancient
Mayan
people
led
a
happy
life
in
the
cities
D.
the
ancient
Mayan
people
died
from
a
serious
disease
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由“Today,
many
of
these
ancient
Mayan
cities
and
temples
are
still
standing.
”今天,
许多这些古老的玛雅城市和寺庙仍然屹立。可知古玛雅的城市和寺庙很坚固,
建造得非常好。B符合语境。故选B。
3.
The
underlined
word
“They”
in
the
last
paragraph
refers
to
______.
?
A.
the
Mayan
people
B.
the
Mayan
villages
C.
the
Mayan
cities
D.
the
lost
secrets
of
the
Maya
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。“The
lost
secrets
of
the
Maya
are
still
beyond
the
reach
of
modern
people.
They
are
still
one
of
our
greatest
mysteries.
”玛雅人失踪的秘密至今仍不为现代人所知。这些秘密仍然是我们最大的奥秘之一。They指的是前一句玛雅人失踪之谜。D符合语境,
故选D。
4.
Which
of
the
following
would
be
the
best
title
for
this
passage?
A.
The
Cities
of
the
Maya
B.
The
Belief
of
the
Maya
C.
The
Maya
D.
The
Buildings
of
the
Maya
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文分别介绍玛雅人的生活、城市、信仰等都只是介绍了玛雅人的一方面,
故选C。
B
(2021·西安高二检测)
The
ruins
of
a
Maya
city
have
been
discovered
in
Guatemala
with
the
help
of
the
remote
sensing
technique
LiDAR.
This
lost
city
envelops
sites
like
Tikal,
Holmul,
and
Witzna,
but
shows
that
these
famous
areas
are
a
small
part
of
this
lost
urban
network.
Hidden
under
the
jungles
of
the
Maya
Biosphere
Reserve
site,
more
than
60,
000
human-made
features—homes,
canals,
highways,
and
more
—
have
been
identified
in
aerial
images
collected
by
some
international
researchers
headed
by
the
PAGUNAM
Foundation,
a
Maya
cultural
and
natural
heritage
organization.
Those
have
experts
rethinking
the
outlines
and
complexity
of
the
Maya
Empire.
These
ancient
peoples
obviously
created
these
imaginative
cultures
based
on
their
known
relics
(遗迹),
but
the
new
research
has
suggested
that
the
size
of
this
lost
society
is
far
beyond
what
experts
imagined.
The
findings
will
be
explored
in
a
one-hour
documentary
called
Lost
Treasures
of
the
Maya
Snake
Kings,
to
be
broadcast
on
the
National
Geographic
Channel.
This
breakthrough
was
possible
thanks
to
LiDAR
sensors,
which
can
survey
lands
in
3D
by
bouncing
pulses
off
the
ground
from
unmanned
air
vehicles
and
others.
LiDAR
is
exceptionally
useful
for
detecting
archeological(考古的)sites,
as
it
gets
through
jungles
and
other
features
that
hold
up
exploration
on
the
ground.
The
technique
has
made
many
discoveries
become
a
reality
in
recent
years.
For
instance,
major
finds
at
Angkor,
Cambodia
and
Caracol,
Belize
can
explain
what
it
did.
The
final
goal
is
to
survey
Guatemala’s
lowlands
with
it.
“There
are
entire
cities
we
didn’t
know
about
now
showing
up
in
the
survey
data,
”
Francisco
Estrada-Belli,
one
of
the
lead
archeologists
on
the
project,
said
in
Nat
Geo’s
coming
documentary.
“There
are
20,
000
square
kilometres
more
to
be
explored
and
there
are
going
to
be
hundreds
of
cities
about
the
mysterious
people
who
built
this
urban
network
there
that
we
don’t
know
about,
and
we
will
push
back
the
frontiers
with
the
technology,
”
he
added.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在遥感技术激光雷达的帮助下,
在危地马拉发现了一座玛雅城市的废墟,
新的研究表明这个失落的社会的规模远远超出了专家的想象,
还有2万平方千米的土地有待探索。
5.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“Those”
in
Paragraph
2
refer
to?
A.
Jungles.
B.
Human-made
features.
C.
Researchers.
D.
Aerial
images.
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第二段“隐藏在玛雅生物圈保护区的丛林之下,
由帕格纳姆基金会(一个玛雅文化和自然遗产组织)领导的一些国际研究人员收集的航拍图像中发现了6万多处人类活动场所——房屋、运河、公路等。”可知,
代词those指的是人造景观,
包括房屋、运河、公路等,
故Those指Human-made
features。故选B。
6.
What
does
the
author
want
to
convey
in
Paragraph
4?
A.
The
working
principle
of
LiDAR
sensors.
B.
The
process
of
researching
Maya
civilization.
C.
Great
importance
of
Guatemalans
lowlands.
D.
LiDAR’s
contribution
to
discovering
the
relics.
【解析】选D。段落大意题。根据第四段“这一突破之所以成为可能,
是因为激光雷达传感器,
它可以通过无人机和其他设备发射的脉冲从地面反弹,
以3D方式测量地面……近年来,
这项技术的许多发现已成为现实。可知,
本段主要介绍了LiDAR技术在发现遗址方面起到的重大作用,
旨在突出这一技术的贡献和重要性。故选D。
7.
Which
words
can
best
describe
the
lost
Maya
city?
A.
Small
and
hidden.
B.
Famous
and
high-tech.
C.
Vast
and
complex.
D.
Fully-explored
and
imaginative.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段“这个失落的城市包围着像蒂卡尔、霍尔木尔和威茨纳这样的地方,
但也表明这些著名的地区只是这个失落的城市网格的一小部分”,
第三段“但新的研究表明,
这个失落的社会的规模远远超出了专家的想象”;
以及最后一段“还有2万平方千米的土地有待探索,
将会有数百个城市,
神秘人在那里建立了我们不知道的城市网络。”可判断,
玛雅城是广袤的;
根据第二段中Those
have
experts
rethinking
the
outlines
and
complexity
of
the
Maya
Empire.
这些让专家们重新思考玛雅帝国的轮廓和复杂性。可判断出,
玛雅城是复杂的。因此,
玛雅城是广袤和复杂的。故选C。
8.
What
will
the
archeologists
do
next?
A.
Continue
to
explore
the
unknown.
B.
Upgrade
the
LiDAR
technology.
C.
Study
the
documentary
carefully.
D.
Build
a
massive
urban
network.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段“还有2万平方公里的土地有待探索,
将会有数百个城市;
神秘人在那里建立了我们不知道的城市网络,
我们将利用这一技术开拓新的领域。”由此判断出,
这些考古学家们将继续利用这一技术开拓新的领域,
探索未知的地方。故选A。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
(2021·太原高二检测)
Different
Cultures
The
cultures
of
the
East
and
the
West
really
distinguish
themselves
from
each
other
a
lot.
1 .
?
The
origin
of
the
Eastern
culture
is
mainly
from
two
countries:
China
and
India.
Both
of
the
two
cultures
are
developed
by
rivers
—
the
Yellow
River
in
China
and
the
Indus
River
in
India.
2 ?
When
the
two
mother
rivers
gave
birth
to
the
Eastern
culture,
another
famous
culture
was
brought
up
on
the
Mesopotamian
plain(美索不达米亚平原)—the
Mesopotamian
Civilization.
This
civilization
later
on
developed
into
the
cultures
of
Ancient
Rome
and
Ancient
Greek.
3
Like
the
Chinese
culture,
the
European
culture
also
crossed
waters.
When
the
British
settled
down
in
America,
their
culture
went
with
them
over
the
Atlantic
Ocean.
So
the
American
culture
doesn’t
distinguish
itself
from
the
European
culture
a
lot.
?
4
Take
the
language
system
for
example.
In
the
East,
most
languages
belong
to
the
pictographic
language
while
the
Western
languages
are
mostly
based
on
the
Latin
system.
Other
causes
like
human
race
differences
count
as
well.
But
what’s
more,
due
to
the
far
distance
and
the
steep
areas
between
the
East
and
the
West,
the
two
cultures
seldom
communicate
until
recent
centuries.
So
they
grew
up
totally
in
their
own
ways
with
almost
no
interference(干预)from
the
other.
?
The
differences
are
everywhere.
5
But
different
cultures
make
the
world
in
the
21st
century
more
varied.
The
cultural
gap
should
not
be
the
obstacle
to
the
civilization
of
human
beings.
It
ought
to
be
the
motivation
for
our
going
farther.
?
A.
Let
us
work
together
to
keep
a
variety
of
cultures.
B.
One
important
thing
is
to
learn
about
the
other’s
culture.
C.
And
these
two
are
well-known
as
the
base
of
the
European
culture.
D.
This
is
because
the
culture
systems
are
two
separate
systems
on
the
whole.
E.
They
helped
the
two
cultures
develop
for
centuries
and
form
their
own
styles.
F.
They
are
obvious
and
affect
people’s
ways
of
thinking
and
their
views
of
the
world.
G.
At
the
same
time,
some
other
differences
add
to
the
cultural
differences.
【文章大意】本文介绍了东西方文化的起源和发展,
以及它们之间的差异。
1.
【解析】选D。考查过渡句。上文说东西方文化真的有很大不同,
D项说明了原因,
符合语境。故选D项。
2.
【解析】选E。考查承上启下句。根据“Both
of
the
two
cultures
are
developed
by
rivers—the
Yellow
River
in
China
and
the
Indus
River
in
India”可知,
中国的母亲河是黄河,
而印度的母亲河则是印度河。E项与上句为承接关系,
其中They指代的是黄河和印度河。故选E项。
3.
【解析】选C。考查承上启下句。C项中的these
two与上文中提到的古罗马文化和古希腊文化相对应。故选C项。
4.
【解析】选G。考查主旨句。空处为本段段首句。空后内容讲述的是东西方文化采用了不同的语言体系。这是两种文化的又一不同之处。综合选项可知,
G项符合语境,
引出下文。
5.
【解析】选F。考查承上启下句。根据上一句“The
differences
are
everywhere”可知,
本句应进一步论述它们的影响。分析选项可知,
F项符合语境。
完形填空
(2021·乌鲁木齐高二检测)
Nine
1700-year-old
brick
tombs
have
been
discovered
in
northwest
China’s
Xinjiang.
Experts
say
that
they
can 1 valuable
clues
for
the
research
of
exchanges(交换;
交流)
between
the
central
Chinese
government
at
that
time
and 2 Western
Regions.
?
It
is
the 3 time
ancient
tombs
with
typical
characteristics
of
China’s
main
Han
nationality
have
been
found
in
the
Uygur
ethnic
region.
?
4 from
Beijing,
Shanxi
and
Xinjiang
concluded
that
the
tombs
were 5 between
the
middle
and
late
third
century
and
fourth
century.
?
The
tombs
were
unearthed
during
the 6 of
a
road
earlier
this
year
in
Kuqa
county,
740
km
from
Xinjiang’s
capital
Urumqi
and
part
of
the 7 Qiuci
State.
Qiuci
State,
which 8 between
the
second
century
BC
and
860
AD,
was
one
of
the
36
states
in
the
Western
Regions.
?
The
tombs
would
help
archaeologists
with
research
into
the
political,
economic
and
cultural 9 between
the
Central
Plains
government
and
states
in
the
west,
and
on
the
cultural 10 of
the
Central
Plains
on
the
Western
Regions.
?
Archaeologists
from
the
Xinjiang
institute
have
dug
nine
tombs
since
August
22,
11 bodies
of
more
than
30
people,
some
ancient 12 and
more
than
60
pottery(陶器)
jars.
It
is
thought
there
are
another
three
tombs
to
be 13 .
?
The
people
buried
in
the
tombs
were 14 either
people
from
the
western
regions
deeply
influenced
by
the
Han
culture
or
the
Han
residents(居民)in
the
15 .
?
【文章大意】在中国西北部的新疆发现了9座1
700年历史的砖砌墓葬,
这些墓葬可以为研究当时的中央政府与遥远的西部地区的交往提供有价值的线索。
1.
A.
tell
B.
provide
C.
show
D.
represent
【解析】选B。古墓的挖掘能为研究“提供”线索,
而不是“告知、展示、代表”线索。
2.
A.
nearby B.
middle C.
faraway D.
few
【解析】选C。当时的中央政府the
central
Chinese
government
相对西部地区Western
Regions从距离上看是faraway,
因为当时的交通等原因。
3.
A.
second
B.
last
C.
first
D.
near
【解析】选C。前文没有交代任何有类似的发现,
所以是the
first。
4.
A.
Scientists
B.
People
C.
Officials
D.
Archaeologists
【解析】选D。能对该发现做出总结的应该是“考古学家archaeologists”。
5.
A.
built
B.
found
C.
buried
D.
studied
【解析】选A。从后面的时间推断这里说的是古墓“建造”的时间。
6.
A.
construction
B.
destruction
C.
digging
D.
repair
【解析】选A。能发现古墓,
这地方应该是第一次被挖掘,
因此应该是“建路”时被挖掘。故选A。
7.
A.
ancient
B.
big
C.
far
D.
near
【解析】选A。根据后句句意:
Qiuci
State,
存在于公元前2世纪到公元860年期间,
是西部36州之一。来看,
Quici
State应该是古代才存在的地名。
8.
A.
appeared
B.
disappeared
C.
lies
D.
existed
【解析】选D。根据后面的时间状语,
以及one
of
the
36
states来看,
这里是介绍Qiuci
State的存在的时间。exist存在。
9.
A.
exchanges
B.
businesses
C.
development
D.
studies
【解析】选A。本文一开始已经说明该古墓的挖掘对研究中原和西方地区的交流(exchanges)有帮助。
10.
A.
model
B.
atmosphere
C.
influence
D.
change
【解析】选C。根据后面on
the
Western
Regions可知这里意思是“中原文化对西部地区的影响”。
固定搭配influence
on
sth.
。
11.
A.
finding
B.
destroying
C.
studying
D.
protecting
【解析】选A。古墓被挖出来后,
自然是找到(find)一些尸体。
12.
A.
paper
B.
silk
C.
fruit
D.
coins
【解析】选D。一般古墓发现的都是钱币、陶器等不容易腐烂的东西,
A、B和C三项都是不容易在墓里保存的。
13.
A.
moved
B.
dug
C.
studied
D.
picked
【解析】选B。语境暗示法。前面说到“挖了”9座古墓了,
那么此处指人们认为是还要再挖3座。
14.
A.
surely
B.
probably
C.
certainly
D.
nearly
【解析】选B。后文用了either.
.
.
or,
说明存在不确定性,
用probably最合适。
15.
A.
west
B.
country
C.
region
D.
tomb
【解析】选C。要理清这里的意思:
墓里的人或者是受汉文化影响的西部人,
或者是本地区的人。用country范围太大。
PAGEUnit
5
Into
the
unknown
Using
language
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
That
female
college
graduates
get
a
job
appears
to
be
rather
difficult
nowadays
in
China.
2.
It’s
hard
for
elderly
people
to
see
what
convenience
a
smart
phone
can
bring
to
them.
?
3.
All
these
listening
lessons
can
allow
you
to
learn
how
the
English
language
works
4.
Air
pollution
is
what
most
Chinese
people
are
concerned
about
nowadays,
because
their
health
is
being
threatened.
5.
She
discovered
a
new
treatment
for
malaria.
That’s
why
she
won
the
Nobel
Prize
for
Medicine.
6.
It
is
generally
believed
that
communication
skills
are
becoming
what
it
takes
to
be
a
good
teacher.
7.
The
shocking
news
made
me
realize
what
terrible
problems
we
would
face.
?
8.
If
you
often
feel
tired
and
can’t
focus
your
attention,
that
is
when
you
have
to
stop
working
too
hard
and
to
have
a
rest.
9.
The
other
day,
my
father
drove
his
car
down
at
what
I
thought
was
a
dangerous
speed.
10.
You
have
to
know
where
you’re
going
if
you
are
to
plan
the
best
way
of
getting
there.
Ⅱ.
选词填空
which,
why,
where,
When,
what,
that,
whoever,
whatever,
how
1.
Good
news
has
been
spread
that
more
new
books
will
be
bought
by
the
school
library.
2.
The
reason
why
he
was
late
was
that
he
had
taken
a
wrong
bus.
3.
The
news
spread
quickly
through
the
campus
that
we
would
have
a
longer
holiday,
which
made
all
the
students
wild
with
joy.
4.
—John
looks
down
today,
what’s
up?
—Well,
whatever
happened
between
John
and
me
is
none
of
your
business.
5.
The
new
shopping
mall
will
be
located
in
what
used
to
be
a
wasteland
and
a
huge
garden
will
be
constructed
where
there
were
numbers
of
tombs.
6.
His
eyes
stare
at
what
is
left
of
the
brother’s
dinner
on
the
table.
7.
Knowing
how
to
book
can
be
of
help
to
whoever
wants
to
do
the
job.
8.
When
he
will
come
back
home
is
still
a
question.
9.
The
difficulty
we
now
meet
with
is
how
we
can
persuade
him
to
tell
the
truth.
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
(2021·潍坊高二检测)
A
ship
that
sank
off
the
coast
of
California
decades
ago
was
recently
reconstructed
in
detail.
The
3D
digital
model
even
included
hundreds
of
sponges
(海绵动物)
that
have
gathered
on
the
ship’s
surface
since
it
sank.
Named
American
Heritage,
the
supply
ship
sank
in
Santa
Monica
Bay
on
May
4,
1995,
and
for
decades
its
exact
location
was
unknown.
Researchers
with
the
Monterey
Bay
Aquarium
Research
Institute
(MBARI)
spotted
a
strange
shape
in
that
area
in
2008.
But
it
wasn’t
until
May
2018
that
MBARI
scientists
identified
its
exact
location
and
mapped
the
site
in
detail,
showing
what
appeared
to
be
a
shipwreck
(失事船只).
Even
then,
the
identity
of
the
shipwreck
was
uncertain.
Yet
another
MBARI
team
revisited
the
location
to
do
further
exploration.
They
sent
remotely
operated
vehicles
(ROVs)
and
took
photos
of
the
damaged
ship.
Though
it
was
covered
with
deep-sea
sponges
and
other
animals,
the
scientists
were
able
to
spot
letters
spelling
out
its
name,
confirming
that
the
shipwreck
was
American
Heritage.
As
one
of
the
MBARI
scientists
who
found
American
Heritage,
chief
ROV
pilot
Knute
Brekke
had
worked
on
the
ship
before.
And
he
was
on
duty
with
the
diving
company
American
Pacific
Marine
—
the
owner
of
American
Heritage
—
that
night
the
ship
began
taking
in
water
and
eventually
sank.
MBARI
spokesperson
Kim
Fulton-Bennett
said
to
Live
Science
about
the
discovery,
“The
model
is
not
complete,
as
floating
ropes
and
poor
visibility
kept
the
pilots
from
getting
too
close
to
the
wreck.
But
the
3D
reconstruction
is
detailed
enough
to
show
that
American
Heritage
is
now
home
to
thousands
of
sponges.
Shipwrecks
often
turn
into
the
shelter
for
diverse
communities
of
ocean
life.
”
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了几十年前在加利福尼亚海岸沉没的一艘船最近得到了详细的重建。这种3D数字模型甚至包括了自沉船以来聚集在船体表面的数百种海绵动物。
1.
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A.
A
valuable
treasure
was
discovered.
B.
Special
sponges
were
found
under
sea.
C.
3D
model
reconstructed
a
sunken
ship.
D.
A
sunken
ship
was
gotten
out
of
water.
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。第一段(几十年前在加利福尼亚海岸沉没的一艘船最近得到了详细的重建。这种3D数字模型甚至包括了自沉船以来聚集在船体表面的数百种海绵动物。)是全文的主题句,
结合全文内容,
可知这篇文章主要讲了三维模型重建沉船。故选C。
2.
Which
is
the
right
order
of
the
following
events?
①
Something
strange
was
found
in
the
area.
②
ROVs
were
sent
under
sea
to
take
photos.
③
A
ship
sank
in
Santa
Monica
Bay.
④
The
identity
of
the
ship
was
confirmed.
⑤
Scientists
tried
to
locate
the
shipwreck.
A.
②③⑤④① B.
③①⑤②④
C.
⑤③①④②
D.
④③①②⑤
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段(1995年5月4日,
这艘名为“美国遗产”的补给船在圣莫尼卡湾沉没,
数十年来,
它的确切位置一直不为人知。2008年,
蒙特利湾水族馆研究所的研究人员在该地区发现了一个奇怪的形状。但直到2018年5月,
MBARI的科学家们才确定了它的确切位置,
并详细地绘制了地图,
显示出它似乎是一艘沉船)和第三段(他们派出了ROVs,
并拍摄了受损船只的照片。从而确认这艘沉船是“美国遗产”。)由此可知,
事件发生的正确顺序是:
一艘船在圣莫尼卡湾沉没→在这个地区发现了一些奇怪的东西→科学家们试图确定失事船只的位置→ROVs被派到水下拍照→这艘船的身份得到确认。故选B。
3.
What
can
we
learn
about
Knute
Brekke?
A.
He
was
familiar
with
the
sunken
ship.
B.
He
was
in
charge
of
a
diving
company.
C.
He
was
responsible
for
the
rescue
work.
D.
He
was
the
first
one
to
witness
the
accident.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段(作为发现“美国遗产”的MBARI科学家之一,
ROV的首席飞行员Knute
Brekke曾在这艘船上工作过。在船开始进水并最终沉没的那个晚上,
他正在美国太平洋海洋公司工作,
该公司是“美国遗产”的所有者。)由此推断出,
Knute
Brekke很熟悉那艘沉船。故选A。
4.
What’s
Kim
Fulton-Bennett’s
attitude
towards
the
3D
model?
A.
Critical.
B.
Doubtful.
C.
Amazed.
D.
Objective.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段(该模型并不完整,
因为漂浮的绳索和较差的能见度使飞行员无法太接近失事船只。但3D重建的细节足以表明,
“美国遗产”现在是成千上万海绵动物的家园。沉船往往会成为各种海洋生物群落的避难所。)由此推断出,
Kim
Fulton-Bennett对3D模型的态度是客观的。故选D。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
On
one
June
afternoon,
Gene
and
his
brother
Rouco
were 1 Gene’s
yard.
It
had
grown
brown
and
was
almost
in 2 in
the
heat,
and
the
situation
needed
changing.
The
new
grass
was
already
there,
but
the
job
was 3 .
Suddenly,
Gene
wasn’t
feeling
good.
He
went
inside
to
rest
and 4
the
couch.
Seeing
this,
his
wife,
Melissa,
called
911
immediately.
?
5 he
was
dying,
Gene
had
one
thing
in
his
mind:
the
lawn.
If
the
grass
wasn’t
put
down
that
day,
it
would 6 .
“While
he
was
having
his
heart
attack,
almost
in
and
out
of
7 ,
he
kept
begging
me
to
put
it
down
because
he
didn’t
want
it
to
go 8 ,
”
Melissa
recalled.
?
Soon
the
medical
workers
arrived
and
took
Gene
and
Melissa
to
the
hospital,
leaving
Rouco
behind
to 9 the
situation.
Within
an
hour,
he
had 10 to
remove
the
old
grass.
He
was
about
to
lay
the
new
ones
when
seven
men—the
same
ones
who
had 11 his
brother—walked
off
the
emergency
vehicle.
It
turned
out
that
Gene
had
told
them
how 12
he’d
wanted
to
get
the
grass
down,
so
they
returned
to
help.
?
Fortunately,
Gene
had
a
successful
operation.
He’s
now
fully
recovered,
13 his
beautiful
lawn
at
home.
The
couple
are
still
amazed
that
those
men
went 14 their
job
duties.
These
men 15 Gene
from
death,
and
then
came
back
to
save
his
grass.
That’s
just
so
awesome.
?
【文章大意】本文为记叙文,
文章主要讲述吉恩在铺草坪的时候突发心脏病,
医护人员不但救了他的命还帮他铺草坪的故事。
1.
A.
tending
B.
exploring
C.
designing
D.
observing
【解析】选A。句意:
6月的一个下午,
吉恩和他的兄弟鲁科正在照料吉恩的院子。根据后文It
had
grown
brown
and
was
almost
in
______in
the
heat,
and
the
situation
needed
changing.
可知,
他们在照料吉恩的院子。故选A。?
2.
A.
control
B.
innovation
C.
chaos
D.
condition
【解析】选C。句意:
草在高温下变成了褐色,
参差不齐,
此情况需要得到改善。根据前文It
had
grown
brown
以及后文The
new
grass
was
already
there可知院子里一片混乱。故选C。
3.
A.
difficult B.
special C.
regular
D.
new
【解析】选A。句意:
新的草皮已经放在那里了,
但工作很困难。根据前文
It
had
grown
brown
and
was
almost
in
______in
the
heat,
and
the
situation
needed
changing.
可知院子里一片混乱,
因此整理院子的工作比较困难。故选A。?
4.
A.
faded
away
B.
fell
off
C.
calmed
down
D.
rolled
over
【解析】选B。句意:
他进屋休息,
然后从沙发上掉了下来。根据后面Seeing
this,
his
wife,
Melissa,
called
911
immediately.
可知他从沙发上掉了下来。故选B。
5.
A.
As
if
B.
In
case
C.
Now
that
D.
Even
though
【解析】选D。句意:
尽管吉恩快要死了,
他脑子里还在想着一件事情:
草坪。根据后文Gene
had
one
thing
in
his
mind:
the
lawn.
可知此处表示尽管生命垂危,
脑子里还在想着一件事情。故选D。
6.
A.
slide
B.
die
C.
rest
D.
mix
【解析】选B。句意:
如果草皮不在那天安置好的话,
它就会死去。根据上下文语境故选B。
7.
A.
consciousness
B.
celebrity
C.
experiment
D.
experience
【解析】选A。句意:
“他的心脏病发作的时候,
意识时有时无。
”根据常识可知,
心脏病发作,
当然是意识不清。故选A。
8.
A.
diverse
B.
decent
C.
different
D.
waste
【解析】选D。句意:
他还一直请我安置好草皮,
因为他不想把它浪费掉。”根据前文If
the
grass
wasn’t
put
down
that
day,
it
would
______.
以及he
kept
begging
me
to
put
it
down可知他不想浪费。故选D。?
9.
A.
handle
B.
explain
C.
outline
D.
examine
【解析】选A。句意:
很快,
医务人员赶到了,
把吉恩和梅丽莎带到医院,
把鲁科留在那里处理情况。根据后文He
was
about
to
lay
the
new
ones可知鲁科留在那里处理情况。故选A。
10.
A.
decided
B.
managed
C.
pretended
D.
emerged
【解析】选B。句意:
鲁科在不到一小时的时间里成功移除了旧的草坪。根据后文He
was
about
to
lay
the
new
ones,
可知他成功移除了旧草坪。故选B。
11.
A.
counted
B.
recovered
C.
treated
D.
connected
【解析】选C。句意:
这七个人,
就是给哥哥治病的人——走下急救车。根据上文吉恩被送往医院以及下文It
turned
out
that
Gene
had
told
them
how
——he’d
wanted
to
get
the
grass
down,
so
they
returned
to
help.
可知这七个人是治疗他哥哥的医护人员。故选C。?
12.
A.
quickly
B.
finally
C.
badly
D.
easily
【解析】选C。句意:
吉恩告诉他们自己很想要把草坪弄好,
所以他们返回来帮忙。根据前文如果草皮不在那天安置好的话,
它就会死去,
可知是Gene告诉医生他是多么急切想要把草坪铺好。故选C。
13.
A.
sharing
B.
trying
C.
missing
D.
enjoying
【解析】选D。句意:
他现在完全康复了,
正在家里享受着他美丽的草坪。根据后文beautiful
lawn
at
home.
可知是欣赏着他美丽的草坪。故选D。
14.
A.
within
B.
beneath
C.
beyond
D.
outside
【解析】选C。那些急救人员做了他们工作职责外的事,
这对夫妇现在还对此感到惊讶。根据语境可知故选C。
15.
A.
pushed
B.
dragged
C.
blocked
D.
pulled
【解析】选D。句意:
这些人救了吉恩的生命,
然后回来救了他的草。这真是太棒了。根据上文He’s
now
fully
recovered可知,
这些人救了Gene的命,
也就是从死神那里把吉恩拉回来了。故选D。
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