Unit
6
Space
and
beyond
Developing
ideas
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
Glass
is
used
to
make
spectacles,
microscopes
and
telescopes(telescope).
2.
The
boy
was
watching
a
mirror
angled(angle)
to
reflect
light
from
a
window.
3.
We
still
don’t
know
how
many
galaxies
(galaxy)there
are
in
the
universe.
4.
We
could
have
flashed
by
one
another
like
two
pieces
of
cosmic(cosmos)
dust.
5.
The
mission
could
conceivably(conceivable)be
accomplished
within
a
week.
6.
Nanotechnology
is
the
science
of
materials
at
the
molecular
or
subatomic(subatom)
level.
7.
There
are
particles
(particle)of
dust
in
the
air.
8.
Breeze
wafts
yellow
leaves
in
the
air,
Autumn
watches,
closely,
silently,
invisibly(invisible).
9.
Could
you
fetch
(fetch)me
the
apples
that
I
bought
from
the
supermarket?
10.
Infections
are
spread
by
coughing,
spitting,
and
sneezing(sneeze).
Ⅱ.
选词填空
in
reality;
enable.
.
.
to;
allow.
.
.
to;
work
out;
be
engaged
in;
be
composed
of;
be
invisible
to;
at
the
age
of;
look
back
to;
be
close
to
1.
There
is
in
reality
a
gap
between
the
ideal
and
the
actual.
?
2.
The
new
test
should
enable
doctors
to
detect
the
disease
early.
3.
The
Government
will
allow
them
to
advertise
on
radio
and
television
4.
In
the
east,
our
country
adjoins
Korea
and
is
close
to
Japan.
?
5.
The
student
decided
to
work
out
the
difficult
problem
by
himself.
?
6.
As
I
look
out,
I
look
back
to
that
memorable
day.
?
7.
He’d
dropped
out
of
high
school
at
the
age
of
16.
?
8.
He
does
wholesale
business,
while
his
brother
is
engaged
in
retail
business.
?
9.
Many
stars
overhead
are
invisible
to
the
naked
eye.
?
10.
The
paper
is
composed
of
three
parts:
preface,
main
text
and
conclusion.
?
完成句子
1.
I
know
a
garden
where
you
can
find
wild
strawberries.
?
我知道一个花园,
在那里你可以找到野草莓。(where引导定语从句)
2.
The
boy
to
whom
I
spoke
is
my
brother.
?
刚才和我说话的那个男孩是我弟弟。(to
whom引导定语从句)
3.
The
house
whose
windows
face
the
street
is
my
uncle’s.
?
窗户面朝街的那座房子是我叔叔的。(whose引导定语从句)
4.
The
room
facing
south
is
our
classroom.
?
朝南的房间是我们的教室。(现在分词短语作定语)
5.
The
concert
given
by
the
symphony
was
a
great
success.
该交响乐团举行的音乐会大为成功。(过去分词作定语)?
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
Do
astronauts
get
space
sickness
when
they
travel
from
Earth
to
the
International
Space
Station
(ISS)?
Yes,
astronauts
can
get
space
sickness
travelling
to
the
ISS.
It
is
less
likely
travelling
in
the
cramped
(拥挤的)Russian
Soyuz
spacecraft
used
to
transport
astronauts
there
now,
than
the
old
Space
Shuttle
that
was
used
until
2011.
The
ability
to
move
around
in
the
Space
Shuttle
increased
the
chance
of
space
sickness
happening.
As
you
probably
know,
gravity
is
lower
inside
the
ISS.
The
low
gravity
in
space
allows
astronauts
to
float
around,
which
looks
like
fun,
but
it
can
help
cause
space
sickness.
Recent
experiments
show
that
space
sickness
is
related
to
our
inner
ear.
Two
separate
parts
of
the
inner
ear
respond
to
sudden
changes
in
direction.
If
you
shake
or
move
your
head
very
quickly,
you
can
get
dizzy.
However,
this
normally
passes
very
quickly.
This
normal
response
is
upset
under
low
gravity:
your
inner
ear
thinks
you
are
constantly
moving.
It
takes
some
time
to
adapt
to
the
new
condition
of
weightlessness.
It
is
made
worse
if
you
move
your
head
while
your
body
is
still
adapting.
This
is
why
previous
astronauts
travelling
in
the
larger
Space
Shuttle
were
likely
to
suffer
from
space
sickness
more
than
the
current
astronauts
travelling
in
the
cramped
Soyuz
spacecraft.
The
astronauts
were
less
likely
to
move
their
heads
around
very
much
in
a
narrow
space.
Space
sickness
was
not
talked
about
in
the
early
space
missions
(任务).
The
original
Mercury
and
Gemini
spacecraft
were,
like
the
current
Soyuz,
cramped.
The
astronauts
were
less
likely
to
get
sick,
so
space
sickness
no
longer
became
a
concern
of
NASA.
In
1983
the
first
detailed
study
was
carried
out
aboard
a
Space
Shuttle
flight
(STS-7)by
astronaut-doctor
Norm
Thagard.
His
and
all
later
studies
were
hampered
by
the
astronauts
themselves.
None
of
them
wanted
to
admit
being
space
sick.
They
were
worried
that
mission
control
might
remove
them
from
space
walking
opportunities,
or
even
worse,
that
they
might
not
get
included
on
later
space
missions.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。宇航员会得太空病吗?
文章介绍了会造成太空病的原因。
1.
What
was
the
problem
with
the
Space
Shuttle?
A.
It
was
too
slow.
B.
It
was
too
small.
C.
It
broke
down
often.
D.
It
had
too
much
space.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的It
is
less
likely
travelling
in
the
cramped
Russian
Soyuz
spacecraft
used
to
transport
astronauts
there
now,
than
the
old
Space
Shuttle
that
was
used
until
2011.
The
ability
to
move
around
in
the
Space
Shuttle
increased
the
chance
of
space
sickness
happening.
可知,
先前使用的太空飞船空间太大,
增加了宇航员得太空病的几率。故选D项。
2.
How
does
low
gravity
hurt
astronauts?
A.
It
fools
their
inner
ear.
B.
It
causes
pain
in
their
head.
C.
It
stops
them
shaking
their
head.
D.
It
prevents
them
measuring
their
weight.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段可知,
在太空低重力的环境中,
内耳应对突然改变的方向的能力受到了干扰,
会将宇航员漂浮的状态视作对方在不断移动,
进而造成宇航员的晕眩,
如果宇航员摇头,
晕眩会加剧。故选A项。
3.
Why
wasn’t
NASA
worried
about
space
sickness
until
later
missions?
A.
The
condition
had
been
kept
secret
to
the
public.
B.
There
were
few
detailed
studies
on
it.
C.
The
old
spacecraft
were
better
equipped.
D.
The
astronauts
were
less
likely
to
get
sick.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段可知,
先前使用的“水星”号飞船和“双子星座”号飞船与现在使用的“联盟”号飞船的空间一样狭窄,
所以宇航员不易得太空病。再结合第一段中的It
is
less
likely
travelling
in
the
cramped
Russian
Soyuz
spacecraft
used
to
transport
astronauts
there
now可知,
若飞船空间狭小,
则宇航员不易得太空病,
这也是为什么美国国家航空航天局之前未将太空病视作忧患的原因。故选D项。
4.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“hampered”
in
the
last
paragraph
mean?
A.
Changed.
B.
Improved.
C.
Blocked.
D.
Compared.
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句后两句可知,
宇航员们不愿意承认自己曾遭受太空病的侵扰,
担心这会影响自己的职业生涯,
这妨碍了对太空病的研究。由此推知,
画线词hampered意为“阻碍,
妨碍”。故选C项。
B
Since
people
first
launched
rockets
into
space
in
the
1950s,
we
have
been
leaving
behind
all
sorts
of
things.
Some
of
them,
like
the
camera,
were
lost
by
astronauts
while
they
did
work
outside
their
spacecraft.
But
much
of
the
space
junk
is
made
up
of
little
pieces
of
things
that
were
once
bigger
objects,
until
they
struck
each
other
and
broke
apart.
Some
things
we
send
into
space
fall
back
toward
Earth
and
burn
up
in
the
atmosphere.
But
larger
pieces
sometimes
survive
the
extreme
heat
and
hit
the
ground
or
the
ocean
at
great
speeds.
So
there
is
always
concern
that
something
may
fall
from
the
sky
and
do
some
harm.
But
space
junk
falling
on
roofs
is
not
the
biggest
worry.
Scientists
are
concerned
about
the
“Kessler”
problem.
Imagine
what
happens
when
an
empty
rocket
strikes
another
while
orbiting
the
earth.
Two
big
things
become
many
smaller
things.
They
then
hit
other
things.
The
pieces
get
smaller
and
smaller
until
they
form
a
cloud
of
junk
that
blocks
the
path
of
future
space
vehicles.
Marco
Castronuovo,
an
Italian
Space
Agency
researcher,
says
launching
a
satellite
into
space
that
would
get
very
close
to
some
of
the
larger
pieces
of
space
junk.
The
satellite
would
connect
a
small
rocket
to
the
useless
object.
When
the
rocket
explodes,
it
pushes
the
junk
into
a
lower
and
slower
orbit,
nearer
the
Earth.
After
a
time,
the
junk
burns
up
in
the
atmosphere.
Mr
Castronuovo
has
proposed
using
a
number
of
small
satellites
with
robotic
arms.
One
arm
would
catch
the
space
junk,
and
another
arm
would
connect
the
rocket.
He
imagines
that
each
satellite
could
jump
from
one
large
piece
of
junk
to
another.
He
thinks
this
method
could
destroy
about
ten
large
objects
each
year.
Scientists
have
been
concerned
about
space
junk
for
many
years.
Right
now,
the
costs
of
the
clean-up
have
been
too
great.
Mr
Castronuovo
says
his
system
could
be
put
in
place
for
a
much
more
reasonable
amount
of
money.
So
what
can
be
done
to
clean
up
the
space
around
our
planet?
【文章大意】本文是篇说明文,
主要讲的是太空中存在着许多垃圾,
这些垃圾慢慢会对地球及以后发射的太空飞船构成威胁,
科学家们正在研究如何清理它们。
5.
We
can
learn
from
the
text
that
much
of
the
space
junk
______.
?
A.
was
left
by
the
astronauts
on
purpose
B.
is
mainly
made
up
of
broken
spaceship
C.
is
usually
made
of
small
pieces
of
things
D.
burns
up
before
it
reaches
the
atmosphere
【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第一段的“But
much
of
the
space
junk
is
made
up
of
little
pieces
of
things
that
were
once
bigger
objects”可知,
许多的太空垃圾都是由曾经是更大物体的小碎片构成的。故选C项。
6.
Now
scientists
are
most
worried
that
space
junk
will
______.
?
A.
harm
the
future
space
vehicles
B.
do
some
harm
to
the
atmosphere
C.
fall
on
people’s
house
roofs
D.
destroy
the
habitat
of
wildlife
【解析】选A。推理判断题。从第三段的“The
pieces
get
smaller
and
smaller
until
they
form
a
cloud
of
junk
that
blocks
the
path
of
future
space
vehicles.
”可知,
如果太空中形成了垃圾云层,
那以后发射的太空飞船就会遇到危险了。可知现在科学家最担心太空垃圾会危害未来空间飞行器。故选A项。
7.
It
implies
in
the
last
but
one
paragraph
that
______.
?
A.
clearing
up
the
space
will
actually
cost
little
B.
small
rockets
also
do
harm
to
the
atmosphere
C.
only
robots
can
clear
up
the
space
completely
D.
it
is
still
difficult
for
us
to
clear
up
the
space
【解析】选D。推理判断题。从倒数第二段的内容可知,
清理太空垃圾不是一件非常容易的事情,
故选D项。
8.
What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.
Space
junk
threatens
earth’s
orbital
environment.
B.
Scientists
use
different
methods
to
clear
up
space
junk.
C.
Spacecrafts
will
meet
with
a
lot
of
space
junk
in
the
future.
D.
Marco
comes
up
with
many
methods
to
deal
with
space
junk.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是太空中存在着许多垃圾,
这些垃圾慢慢会对地球及以后发射的太空飞船构成威胁,
科学家们正在研究如何清理它们。故选A项。
【技巧点拨】
推理判断题往往是针对文中某一句话,
也可能是某几句话,
从文章的表面含义挖出所隐藏的内容,
最终推出答案。本文第2小题,
从第三段的“The
pieces
get
smaller
and
smaller
until
they
form
a
cloud
of
junk
that
blocks
the
path
of
future
space
vehicles.
”可知,
如果太空中形成了垃圾云层,
那以后发射的太空飞船就会遇到危险了,
可知现在科学家最担心太空垃圾会危害未来空间飞行器,
A项正确。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A
New
Trend
of
Micro
Museums
Is
Making
Science
Portable
Science
museums
are
amazing.
You
can
see
large
dinosaur
bones
from
the
huge
creatures
that
disappeared
thousands
of
years
ago
or
take
a
look
at
cells
under
a
microscope.
1 .
?
You
can
learn
so
much
at
a
science
museum
if
living
close
enough
to
one.
However,
for
those
who
don’t
live
in
a
city,
getting
a
chance
to
visit
science
museums
is
not
easy.
“ 2 ,
their
influence
is
limited.
There
just
aren’t
enough
science
museums,
”
said
Charles
Philipp.
“And
due
to
the
high
costs,
it’s
unlikely
that
we’ll
be
seeing
a
bunch
of
new
traditional
science
museums
popping
up
all
over
the
country
anytime
soon.
”?
Philipp
and
his
partner
Amanda
Schochet
have
decided
to
reinvent
science
museums
by
getting
them
small.
They
founded
MICRO,
a
nonprofit
organization
that
builds
tiny
6-foot-tall
science
museums,
which
are
portable
and
replicable
(可复制的).
3 .
They
can
get
access
to
it
for
free
in
such
places
as
waiting
rooms
of
hospitals,
libraries,
airports,
and
even
shopping
malls.
?
4 ,
they
made
it
with
the
help
of
a
team
of
engineers,
storytellers,
and
designers.
Each
of
the
micro
museums
has
a
scientific
topic.
The
first
museum
is
the
Smallest
Mollusk
(软体动物)
Museum
showing
the
world
of
mollusks,
which
has
won
great
popularity
as
the
only
museum
devoted
just
to
mollusks.
A
second
museum
is
the
Perpetual
Motion
Museum
that
focuses
on
physics
and
engineering
and
will
officially
open
next
year.
It
asks
why
things
move,
and
why
they
stop.
5 Hopefully
one
will
come
to
a
neighborhood
near
you
soon.
?
A.
Science
museums
are
beneficial
B.
While
the
content
is
vitally
important
C.
Although
it
costs
nothing
to
visit
museums
D.
The
plan
is
to
get
people
of
all
ages
connected
with
science
E.
Even
though
making
the
tiny
museums
a
reality
was
difficult
F.
Such
new
museums
allow
people
to
explore
fun
scientific
topics
G.
You
can
also
learn
to
think
like
an
engineer
by
building
a
model
ship
【文章大意】本文介绍了一种只有6英尺高的便捷式可复制的微型科学博物馆,
它使人们更容易接触科学博物馆和学习新的科学知识。
1.
【解析】选G。根据前一句“You
can
see
large
dinosaur
bones
from
the
huge
creatures
that
disappeared
thousands
of
years
ago
or
take
a
look
at
cells
under
a
microscope”和下文中的“You
can
learn
so
much
at
a
science
museum
.
.
.
one”可知,
此处应是举例你可以在科学博物馆做的事情,
故G项符合语境。
2.
【解析】选B。结合上文中提及博物馆的好处以及下文讲到“their
influence
is
limited.
There
just
aren’t
enough
science
museums”可知,
空处与后半句有转折关系,
故B项合适,
此处意为“尽管科学博物馆的内容非常重要,
但是它们产生的影响有限”。
3.
【解析】选D。上文提到了Charles
Philipp和Amanda
Schochet决定建造微型科学博物馆,
空处说明了他们建造微型科学博物馆的目的,
是对前一句的进一步阐述。
4.
【解析】选E。根据上文对微型科学博物馆的描述及下文“they
made
it
with
the
help
of
a
team
of
engineers,
storytellers,
and
designers”可知,
建造这样的科学博物馆绝非易事,
但他们成功了,
故E项符合语境。
5.
【解析】选F。上文主要介绍了两种主题的微型科学博物馆,
第一种以软体动物为主题,
第二种则关注物理学和工程学,
这些新型科学博物馆能够使人们了解科学方面的知识,
故F项符合语境。
话题写作·素养升级
描述太空生活经历
假如现在是2050年,
你刚参加过学校组织的一次火星旅游,
请根据提示写一篇80词左右的短文。要点如下:
1.
出行方式及路线(乘航天飞机到达太空站再到达火星);
2.
所见所闻,
如外星人(alien);
3.
你的感受。
It
is
2050.
Our
school
organized
a
trip
from
the
Earth
to
Mars.
Firstly,
we
reached
a
space
station
by
a
spacecraft
after
a
one-day
journey
from
Earth.
After
a
short
break
and
then
two
hours
later,
we
landed
on
Mars.
The
aliens
on
Mars
are
very
kind
and
friendly,
and
what
surprised
us
is
that
they
speak
English
much
better
than
us.
There
are
lots
of
other
amazing
things.
We
even
came
across
a
talking
stone.
The
living
environment
of
aliens
is
really
comfortable.
This
is
much
better
than
we
thought.
What
a
wonderful
journey!
1.
话题特点
太空生活经历,
属于新课程标准“人与自然”主题语境中的“宇宙探索”主题群,
旨在通过将特定主题和学生的生活建立联系,
深化学生对宇宙探索的认识。写该类主题的作文,
首先要思考太空生活的细节,
然后用相关的词汇和表达组织作文框架,
最后形成全文。
2.
话题词汇
(1)the
same
as.
.
.
和……一样
(2)stay
clean
and
neat
保持整洁
(3)have
a
knowledge
of.
.
.
对……了解
(4)just
as
we
do
on
earth
就像我们在地球上做的一样
(5)astronaut
宇航员
(6)in
space
在太空
3.
话题句式(试着替换方框中的黑体部分,
变成你需要表达的意思)
开篇常用句式:
(1)Living
in
space
is
not
the
same
as
living
on
Earth.
(2)The
astronauts’
bodies
change
in
space.
(3)The
way
they
stay
clean
and
neat
is
different
too.
结尾常用句式:
(1)Hoping
you
can
have
a
knowledge
of
the
life
in
space.
(2)As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
life
in
space
is
inconvenient
but
interesting.
(3)In
my
opinion,
living
in
space
will
be
turned
into
reality
one
day.
你的朋友Jim给你来信,
想通过你所观看的太空生活影片和新闻报道来了解宇航员,
请根据提示信息,
介绍一下你的观点:
1.
宇航员漂浮使骨头开始变得又软又薄。
2.
在太空中,
没有重力的牵引,
血液会流向上半身和头部。
3.
宇航员回到地球必须休息,
以便他们的身体有时间制造新的血液和水。
注意:
1.
词数80个左右;
2.
开头和结尾已给出,
不计入总词数。
Dear
Jim,
I’m
writing
to
introduce
to
you
how
the
astronauts
stay
healthy
in
space.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li
Hua
1.
失去力量 lose
strength?
2.
导致骨骼变弱
cause
the
bones
to
get
weak?
3.
对……不利
be
bad
for.
.
.
?
4.
重力的牵引
the
pull
of
gravity?
5.
看起来浮肿
look
puffy?
6.
制造新的血液
make
new
blood?
7.
晕倒
faint
1.
完成句子
(1)他们的腿不怎么活动,
他们的下背部开始失去力量。
They
do
not
use
their
legs
much
and
their
lower
backs
begin
to
lose
strength.
?
(2)这种情况导致骨头变得脆弱和薄。
This
causes
the
bones
to
get
weak
and
thin.
?
(3)这对宇航员的身体非常不利。
It
is
very
bad
for
astronauts’
bodies.
?
(4)在太空中,
因为没有重力的牵引,
血液会流向上半身和头部。
In
space,
because
there
is
no
the
pull
of
gravity,
the
blood
moves
to
the
upper
body
and
head.
?
2.
句式升级
(5)用非谓语动词和非限制性定语从句把(1)(2)(3)合并。
They
do
not
use
their
legs
much
and
their
lower
backs
begin
to
lose
strength,
causing
the
bones
to
get
weak
and
thin,
which
is
very
bad
for
astronauts’
bodies.
?
(6)把(4)改成简单句。
In
space,
without
the
pull
of
gravity,
the
blood
moves
to
the
upper
body
and
head.
?
Dear
Jim,
I’m
writing
to
introduce
to
you
how
the
astronauts
stay
healthy
in
space.
Living
in
space
is
not
the
same
as
living
on
Earth.
In
space,
astronauts
float.
They
do
not
use
their
legs
much
and
their
lower
backs
begin
to
lose
strength,
causing
the
bones
getting
weak
and
thin,
which
is
very
bad
for
astronauts’
bodies.
The
heart
and
blood
change
in
space,
too.
In
space,
without
the
pull
of
gravity,
the
blood
moves
to
the
upper
body
and
head.
Water
in
the
body
also
does
the
same
thing,
which
makes
the
astronauts’
faces
look
puffy.
When
the
astronauts
come
back
to
Earth,
the
astronauts
have
to
rest
so
their
bodies
have
time
to
make
new
blood
and
water.
If
they
don’t,
they
can
feel
very
weak.
They
might
even
faint!
Hoping
you
can
have
a
knowledge
of
the
life
in
space.
Yours,
Li
Hua
主题活动·素养提升
The
topic:
space
exploration
Pros:
Many
new
products,
such
as
weather
and
communication
satellites,
are
products
of
space
programs.
It
can
help
predict
dangers
and
protect
the
earth.
It
can
help
us
expand
our
living
room.
Cons:
Space
may
be
polluted
by
human
beings
and
break
the
natural
balance
of
space.
There
may
be
another
horrible
truth
that
we
may
be
found
by
aliens
because
of
the
satellites
sent
to
the
far
space.
The
time
and
money
spent
on
space
exploration
is
too
much
to
calculate.
Your
opinion:
I
am
in
favour
of
space
exploration.
?
The
reason:
First
of
all,
it
has
produced
thousands
of
useful
products
that
help
to
improve
our
economy,
productivity
and
lifestyle,
strengthening
the
overall
national
strength.
Second,
taking
the
lead
in
space
exploration
can
make
the
people
proud
and
increase
their
sense
of
belonging
to
the
country.
What’s
more,
space
exploration
makes
us
understand
the
outer
environment,
construction
of
atmosphere
and
the
regular
pattern
of
stars.
?
名作赏读·素养培优
《夏洛的网》是一部描写关于友情的童话,
在朱克曼家的谷仓里,
小猪威尔伯和蜘蛛夏洛建立了最真挚的友谊。威尔伯的生命有危险时,
看似渺小的夏洛用自己的力量救了威尔伯,
但,
这时,
蜘蛛夏洛的生命却走到了尽头。作者用童话的叙事风格表现出对生命本身的赞美与眷恋,
给了我们关于生命的深沉的思索。
Chapter
11 The
Miracle
The
next
day
was
foggy.
Everything
on
the
farm
was
dripping
wet.
The
grass
looked
like
a
magic
carpet.
The
asparagus
patch
looked
like
a
silver
forest.
On
foggy
mornings,
Charlotte’s
web
was
truly
a
thing
of
beauty.
This
morning
each
thin
strand
was
decorated
with
dozens
of
tiny
beads
of
water.
The
web
glistened
in
the
light
and
made
a
pattern
of
loveliness
and
mystery,
like
a
delicate
veil.
Even
Lurvy,
who
wasn’t
particularly
interested
in
beauty,
noticed
the
web
when
he
came
with
the
pig’s
breakfast.
He
noted
how
clearly
it
showed
up
and
he
noted
how
big
and
carefully
built
it
was.
And
then
he
took
another
look
and
he
saw
something
that
made
him
set
his
pail
down.
There,
in
the
center
of
the
web,
neatly
woven
in
block
letters,
was
a
message.
It
said:
SOME
PIG!
Lurvy
felt
weak.
He
brushed
his
hand
across
his
eyes
and
stared
harder
at
Charlotte’s
web.
“I’m
seeing
things,
”
he
whispered.
He
dropped
to
his
knees
and
uttered
a
short
prayer.
Then,
forgetting
all
about
Wilbur’s
breakfast,
he
walked
back
to
the
house
and
called
Mr
Zuckerman.
“I
think
you’d
better
come
down
to
the
pigpen,
he
said.
”
“What’s
the
trouble?
”
asked
Mr
Zuckerman.
“Anything
wrong
with
the
pig?
”“N-not
exactly,
”
said
Lurvy.
“Come
and
see
for
yourself.
”The
two
men
walked
silently
down
to
Wilbur’s
yard.
Lurvy
pointed
to
the
spider’s
web.
“Do
you
see
what
I
see?
”
he
asked.
Zuckerman
stared
at
the
writing
on
the
web.
Then
he
murmured
the
words
“Some
Pig.
”
Then
he
looked
at
Lurvy.
Then
they
both
began
to
tremble.
Charlotte,
sleepy
after
her
night’s
exertions,
smiled
as
she
watched.
Wilbur
came
and
stood
directly
under
the
web.
“Some
pig!
”
muttered
Lurvy
in
a
low
voice.
“Some
pig!
”
Whispered
Mr
Zuckerman.
They
stared
and
stared
for
a
long
time
at
Wilbur.
Then
they
stared
at
Charlotte.
“You
don’t
suppose
that
that
spider.
.
.
”
began
Mr
Zuckerman—but
he
shook
his
head
and
didn’t
finish
the
sentence.
Instead,
he
walked
solemnly
back
up
to
the
house
and
spoke
to
his
wife.
“Edith,
something
has
happened,
”
he
said,
in
a
weak
voice.
He
went
into
the
living
room
and
sat
down
and
Mrs
Zuckerman
followed.
“I’ve
got
something
to
tell
you,
Edith,
”
he
said.
“You
better
sit
down.
”Mrs
Zuckerman
sank
into
a
chair.
She
looked
pale
and
frightened.
“Edith,
”
he
said,
trying
to
keep
his
voice
steady,
“I
think
you
had
best
be
told
that
we
have
a
very
unusual
pig.
”A
look
of
complete
bewilderment
came
over
Mrs
Zuckerman’s
face.
“Homer
Zuckerman,
what
in
the
world
are
you
talking
about?
”
she
said.
“This
is
a
very
serious
thing,
Edith,
”
he
replied.
“Our
pig
is
completely
out
of
the
ordinary.
”“What’s
unusual
about
the
pig?
”
asked
Mrs
Zuckerman,
who
was
beginning
to
recover
from
her
scare.
“Well,
I
don’t
really
know
yet,
”
said
Mr
Zuckerman.
“But
we
have
received
a
sign,
Edith—a
mysterious
sign.
A
miracle
has
happened
on
this
farm.
There
is
a
large
spider’s
web
in
the
doorway
of
the
barn
cellar,
right
over
the
pigpen,
and
when
Lurvy
went
to
feed
the
pig
this
morning,
he
noticed
the
web
because
it
was
foggy,
and
you
know
how
a
spider’s
web
looks
very
distinct
in
a
fog.
And
right
spang
in
the
middle
of
the
web
there
were
the
words
‘Some
Pig’.
The
words
were
woven
right
into
the
web.
They
were
actually
part
of
the
web,
Edith.
I
know,
because
I
have
been
down
there
and
seen
them.
It
says,
‘Some
Pig,
’
just
as
clear
as
they
can
be.
There
can
be
no
mistake
about
it.
A
miracle
has
happened
and
a
sign
has
occurred
here
on
earth
right
on
our
farm,
and
we
have
no
ordinary
pig.
”“Well,
”
said
Mrs
Zuckerman,
“it
seems
to
me
you’re
a
little
off.
It
seems
to
me
we
have
no
ordinary
spider.
”“Oh,
no,
”
said
Zuckerman.
“It’s
the
pig
that’s
unusual.
It
says
so,
right
there
in
the
middle
of
the
web.
”
素养小测
初步感知
1.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“uttered”mean
in
Paragraph
4?
A.
Used
to
emphasize
how
complete
sth.
isB.
To
make
a
sound
with
your
voice;
to
say
sth.
答案:
B
2.
Who
first
discovered
“SOME
PIG”
on
Charlotte’s
website?
Lurvy.
理性判断
3.
Who
wrote
the
word
“SOME
PIG”
on
the
spider
web?
The
spider——Charlotte
思维拓展
4.
What
does
a
spider
mean
in
Western
culture?
In
the
west,
it
is
believed
that
spiders
bring
good
luck.
If
you
find
the
starting
point
when
spiders
start
to
make
webs,
you
will
always
be
lucky.
PAGEUnit
6
Space
and
beyond
Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
They
have
no
way
to
dispose
of
the
hazardous(hazard)waste
they
produce.
2.
He
went
to
an
unexceptional(exceptional)
state
school,
not
a
fancy
private
one.
3.
Self-driving
shuttles
(shuttle)and
solar
cars
were
also
on
display
at
the
2014
show.
4.
Neighbours
have
invited
us
out,
given
us
clothes,
and
taken
us
on
excursions(excursion).
5.
The
beauty
of
the
Internet,
experts
say,
is
that
it
has
rekindled(rekindle)
the
joy
of
writing.
6.
“How
much
longer
must
I
go
on
like
this?
”
she
asked
herself
tragically(tragic).
7.
One
of
the
back
wheels
shattered
his
skull
and
killed
him
instantaneously(instantaneous).
8.
He
walked
along
in
the
shadows
(shadow),
hoping
no
one
would
recognize
him.
9.
I
think
he
fell
down
the
stairs,
and
he
screamed
(scream)for
two
or
three
minutes.
10.
Julie
was
suspended
(suspend)from
her
job
shortly
after
the
incident.
Ⅱ.
选词填空
set
foot
on;
become
accustomed
to;
be
aware
of;
take
off;
tune
in;
be
about
to;
a
sense
of;
on
board;
cast
a
shadow
on;
take
one’s
place
1.
Just
after
he
finished
repairing,
he
was
aware
of
his
mistake
right
away.
?
2.
This
is
the
first
time
I
have
left
my
country
and
set
foot
on
foreign
soil.
?
3.
The
six
astronauts
on
board
will
spend
ten
days
in
space.
?
4.
We
have
become
accustomed
to
his
way
of
speaking.
?
5.
He
took
off
at
once
and
headed
back
to
the
motel.
?
6.
More
than
six
million
youngsters
tune
in
to
Blockbusters
every
day.
?
7.
It
makes
me
extremely
angry
that
he
has
not
turned
up
when
the
train
is
about
to
leave.
?
8.
Mr
Chen
is
ill
today.
I’ll
take
his
place
to
give
you
a
lesson.
?
9.
The
tree
cast
a
shadow
on
the
grass.
?
10.
Bringing
up
a
child
alone
should
give
you
a
sense
of
achievement.
?
Ⅲ.
翻译句子
1.
他回到家里,
又饿又累。(形容词作状语)
He
arrived
home,
hungry
and
tired.
?
2.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。(介词+宾语从句)
We
are
talking
about
whether
we
admit
students
into
our
club.
?
3.
听到这个消息,
他们都高兴得跳了起来。(现在分词作状语)
Hearing
the
news,
they
all
jumped
with
joy.
?
4.
当我出门时,
开始下雨了。
As
I
was
going
out,
it
began
to
rain.
?
5.
下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。
The
next
train
to
arrive
was
from
New
York.
?
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
What’s
a
spacewalk?
Any
time
an
astronaut
gets
out
of
a
spacecraft
while
in
space,
it
is
called
a
spacewalk.
Astronauts
go
on
spacewalks
for
many
reasons.
For
example,
experiments
can
be
placed
on
the
outside
of
a
spacecraft.
This
lets
scientists
learn
how
being
in
space
affects
different
things.
By
going
on
spacewalks,
astronauts
can
also
fix
certain
things
instead
of
bringing
them
back
to
the
earth
to
fix.
When
astronauts
go
on
spacewalks,
they
wear
spacesuits
to
keep
themselves
safe.
Inside
spacesuits,
astronauts
have
the
oxygen
they
need
to
breathe
and
the
water
they
need
to
drink.
To
keep
the
astronauts
and
the
spacecraft
safe,
the
astronauts
must
leave
and
go
back
to
the
spacecraft
through
a
special
door.
When
on
a
spacewalk,
astronauts
use
safety
tethers
to
stay
close
to
their
spacecraft,
which
connect
the
spacewalkers
with
the
spacecraft.
They
keep
astronauts
from
floating
away
into
space.
Another
way
astronauts
stay
safe
during
spacewalks
is
by
wearing
a
SAFER.
SAFER
is
worn
like
a
backpack.
It
helps
an
astronaut
move
around
in
space.
How
do
astronauts
train
for
spacewalks?
One
way
is
by
going
for
a
swim.
Floating
in
space
is
a
lot
like
floating
in
water.
Astronauts
practice
spacewalks
underwater
in
a
huge
special
swimming
pool.
For
every
one
hour
they
will
spend
on
a
spacewalk,
astronauts
need
to
train
seven
hours
in
the
pool.
Another
way
astronauts
practice
for
a
spacewalk
is
by
using
virtual
reality(虚拟现实).
It
looks
and
feels
just
like
a
spacewalk.
Today,
only
three
countries
have
finished
spacewalks
independently.
They
are
Russia,
the
United
States
and
China.
The
first
person
to
go
on
a
spacewalk
in
the
world
was
Alexei
Leonov
from
Russia.
Zhai
Zhigang
is
the
first
Chinese
astronaut
to
go
on
a
spacewalk.
The
world
record
of
spacewalks
is
held
by
Russian
astronaut
Anatoly
Solovyev.
He
has
been
on
16
spacewalks
and
spent
more
than
82
hours
outside
in
space.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空行走。解释了进行太空行走的原因,
太空行走的流程和宇航员如何进行太空行走训练的。最后提到了只有三个国家独立完成了太空行走,
列举了这三个国家在太空行走方面取得的成就。
1.
What
can
an
astronaut
do
by
going
on
a
spacewalk?
A.
Fix
different
objects.
B.
Collect
any
thing
he
wants.
C.
Carry
out
an
experiment.
D.
Study
how
things
change
in
space.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段可知宇航员进行太空行走的原因有很多。例如,
实验可以放在航天器的外部。这让科学家了解在太空环境中是如何影响不同事物的。由此可知,
宇航员进行太空行走能进行实验。故选C。
2.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“tethers”
in
Paragraph
2
probably
mean?
A.
Special
ropes.
B.
Spacesuits.
C.
Spacecraft.
D.
Special
backpacks.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据后文which
connect
the
spacewalkers
with
the
spacecraft可知tethers是连接太空行走者和宇宙飞船的,
可推测tethers是指一种特殊的绳子。由此可知,
画线单词意思为“特殊的绳子”。故选A。
3.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
last
two
paragraphs?
A.
Walking
in
space
is
as
easy
as
going
swimming.
B.
A
virtual
reality
should
be
used
in
a
spacewalk.
C.
Only
three
countries
have
ever
tried
spacewalk.
D.
Russia
keeps
the
world
record
of
spacewalks.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段可知太空行走的世界纪录由俄罗斯宇航员Anatoly
Solovyev保持。他已经进行了16次太空行走,
在太空中度过了82个多小时。由此可知,
俄罗斯保持着太空行走的世界纪录。故选D。
4.
Where
is
this
passage
most
likely
from?
A.
A
diary.
B.
A
magazine.
C.
A
novel.
D.
A
guidebook.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。文章主要介绍了太空行走。解释了进行太空行走的原因,
太空行走的流程和宇航员如何进行太空行走训练的。最后提到了只有三个国家独立完成了太空行走,
列举了这三个国家在太空行走方面取得的成就。可知文章属于科学知识类,
结合选项可知最有可能来自一本杂志。故选B。
B
Photographic
self-portraits
have
existed
for
as
long
as
cameras
have
been
in
human
hands.
But
what
about
selfies
in
space?
On
Twitter
last
year,
NASA
astronaut
Edwin
Aldrin,
who
famously
became
the
second
man
to
walk
on
the
moon
in
July
1969,
laid
claim
to
a
spaceflight
first:
taking
the
first
selfie
in
space
during
the
Gemini
XII
mission
in
1966.
“For
me,
it
needs
to
be
digital
to
be
selfie,
”
argues
Jennifer
Levasseur,
a
director
at
the
Smithsonian
National
Air
and
Space
Museum.
According
to
Levasseur,
the
concept
of
a
selfie
is
directly
linked
to
internet
culture.
“The
thing
that
makes
a
selfie
is
sharing
it,
”
she
says.
Still,
astronauts
have
been
carrying
cameras
aboard
space
vehicles
since
the
1960s.
In
1966,
Aldrin
used
a
Hasselblad
camera
designed
specifically
for
space.
Hasselblad
also
painted
the
first
camera
in
space
a
matte(不光亮的)black
to
reduce
reflections
in
the
orbiter
window.
But
cameras
used
in
space
need
to
survive
extreme
conditions,
like
temperature
swings
from
-149°F
to
248°F,
so
Hasselblad
painted
later
model
silver.
Astronauts
visiting
the
moon
then
had
to
take
out
the
film
and
leave
their
camera
bodies
behind
when
they
returned
to
Earth,
because
early
space
missions
were
limited
by
a
weight
limit
on
the
returned
trip.
Then
a
big
change
in
space
camera
technology
came
after
the
space
shuttle
Columbia
broke
apart
on
its
return
to
Earth
in
2003,
Levasseur
notes.
“Fear
that
they’d
never
be
able
to
bring
film
back
from
space
and
lose
all
that
hard
work
accelerated
the
push
for
digital,
”
she
says.
Today,
astronauts
also
have
access
to
internet
and
social
platforms
in
space
and
can
post
true
space
selfies
made
using
digital
cameras.
Similarly,
space
robots
are
participating
in
selfie
culture,
capturing
remote
pictures
of
themselves
in
space
or
on
other
planets
and
sending
them
back
to
Earth.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了太空自拍的历史。
5.
Why
do
selfies
in
space
need
to
be
digital
according
to
Jennifer
Levasseur?
A.
Astronauts
are
fond
of
studying
technology.
B.
Astronauts
are
eager
to
be
famous
on
the
Internet.
C.
Astronauts
desire
to
communicate
on
social
platforms.
D.
Astronauts
want
to
overcome
the
fear
in
space.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段“对我来说,
自拍必须是数码的,
”史密森国家航空航天博物馆的主管Jennifer
Levasseur说。Levasseur表示,
自拍的概念与网络文化直接相关。“自拍的关键在于分享,
”她说。可推断出Jennifer
Levasseur认为太空自拍之所以需要数字化是因为宇航员想在人类的社交平台交流与互动。故选C。
6.
Why
can
the
Hasselblad
camera
adjust
to
the
temperature
changes
in
space?
A.
It
is
painted
silver.
B.
Its
matte
black
gathers
light.
C.
Its
design
is
special.
D.
It
can
reduce
reflection
itself.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的最后一句可知但在太空中使用的相机需要在极端条件下,
比如温度从-149°F到248°F的波动中还能使用的,
所以Hasselblad在后来的模型上涂上了银色。由此可推断出,
Hasselblad的照相机能适应太空气温的变化是因为它被漆成了银色。故选A。
7.
What
contributed
to
the
faster
development
of
camera
technology
in
space?
A.
The
heavy
space
tasks.
B.
A
returned
space
shuttle.
C.
A
spaceflight
crash.
D.
The
improved
film.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段中的第二、三句可知2003年哥伦比亚号航天飞机在返回地球时爆炸解体后,
太空摄影技术发生了重大变化。莱瓦瑟说:
“担心他们永远无法把胶卷从太空带回来,
使所有的辛苦工作没有了,
这加速了数字化的发展。”由此可知,
是一次太空飞行事故促成了太空摄像技术的快速发展。故选C。
8.
What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.
The
Origin
of
Selfies
in
Space
B.
The
Brief
History
of
Selfies
in
Space
C.
The
Significance
of
Selfies
in
Space
D.
The
Popularity
of
Selfies
in
Space
【解析】选B。标题归纳题。本文第一段最后一句引出太空自拍的话题后,
下文介绍了自拍的起源,
以及太空自拍的现状。由此可推断出,
本文简单介绍了太空自拍的历史。所以最适合这篇文章的题目是“太空自拍的简史”。故选B。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
Ways
to
Get
Your
Kids
into
Nature
Being
in
nature
for
kids
has
tremendous
health
benefits.
There
are
many
ways
you
can
incorporate
nature
into
your
children’s
lives,
even
if
you
live
in
the
city.
Inspire
curiosity
by
being
curious
yourself.
A
parent’s
excitement
can
be
spread
to
the
children,
and
when
you
show
respect
for
nature,
your
children
follow
suit.
1 .
“I
don’t
know!
Let’s
find
out
together.
”
is
a
wonderful
way
to
get
the
ball
rolling.
Be
open
to
a
mutual
adventure
and
allow
your
curious
inner
child
to
come
out
while
you
explore
nature
with
your
children.
?
2 .
If
you
have
to
carpool(拼车)in
the
morning,
turn
off
the
devices
instead
and
encourage
your
children
to
look
out
of
the
window.
The
early
morning
fall
skies
are
beautiful
with
color
and
migrating
birds.
After
all,
even
views
of
nature
from
the
car
window
are
calming
and
beneficial.
?
Stop
thinking
about
nature
time
as
leisure
time.
Time
in
nature
is
an
essential
investment
in
your
children’s
health
and
well-being.
If
you
view
nature
time
as
essential
to
good
health,
you
will
be
more
likely
to
engage
in
it.
3 ,
nurturing
creativity
and
wonder
are
part
of
your
responsibility
as
parents.
?
Look
at
the
stars.
Visit
your
local
observatory,
and
then
drive
out
of
the
city
some
morning
or
evening
for
your
own
stargazing(天体观察)with
a
blanket
and
telescope.
Observing
the
stars
offers
a
deeper
and
wider
understanding
of
the
universe.
4 .
?
Plant
a
small
garden.
5 .
Bean
and
pea
plants
grow
quickly
and
can
be
eaten
when
mature,
so
teach
your
children
about
food
and
the
wonder
of
growth.
?
A.
Limit
electronic
devices
while
driving
B.
Encourage
questions
you
don’t
know
the
answers
to
C.
If
you
want
to
raise
your
healthy,
well-balanced
children
D.
If
you
have
the
space,
help
your
children
plant
a
few
vegetables
E.
It
will
teach
teamwork,
pride
in
the
community,
and
family
togetherness
F.
If
your
child
is
interested,
encourage
him
to
get
involved
in
the
community
G.
Allow
yourself
to
think
about
it,
and
talk
to
your
children
about
that
wonder
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了让孩子融入自然的一些方法。
1.
【解析】选B。由后一句可知,
“我不知道!
让我们一起找到答案”这是一个非常棒的可以让活动继续下去的方式。此处表示鼓励孩子一起探索你自己也不知道答案的问题,
从而引起好奇心。选项B中的“不知道答案的问题”和后一句中的“我不知道!
让我们一起找到答案”相呼应,
符合语境。故选B。
2.
【解析】选A。由后一句可知,
如果你必须在早上拼车,
那么关掉电子设备,
然后鼓励你的孩子们往窗外看看。选项A表达的是“开车的时候限制电子设备”,
和后一句中的“关掉电子设备”相呼应。故选A。
3.
【解析】选C。由空格前两句可知,
与自然接触是对你孩子健康和幸福的必要投资。选项C表达的是“如果你想要培养出健康而且明智的孩子”,
是对空格前两句中的“对孩子健康和幸福的必要投资”的承接。故选C。
4.
【解析】选G。由空格前一句可知,
观察星空能够加深对宇宙的理解。选项G表达的是“允许你自己去思考它,
并且和你的孩子们谈论那种神奇”,
选项G种的“那种神奇”指代的是前一句表达的“对宇宙的理解”,
前后呼应。故选G。
5.
【解析】选D。由空前后可知,
开辟一个小菜园。豆角和豌豆可以快速生长,
当成熟的时候就可以食用,
这样可以教会你的孩子们关于食物和生长的奇迹。选项D表达的是“如果你有空间,
帮助你的孩子们种一些蔬菜”,
是对前后的承接与呼应。故选D。
完形填空
Space
exploration
has
always
been
the
province
of
1 :
The
human
imagination
readily
soars
where
human
ingenuity
(聪明才智)struggles
to
follow.
A
Voyage
to
the
Moon,
often
cited
as
the
first
science
fiction
story,
was
written
by
Cyrano
de
Bergerac
in
1649.
Cyrano
was
dead
and
buried
for
a
good
three
centuries
2 the
first
manned
rockets
started
to
fly.
?
In
1961,
when
President
Kennedy
declared
that
America
would
send
a
man
to
the
moon
by
the 3 ’s
end,
those
words,
too,
had
a
dreamlike
quality.
They
resonated
with
optimism
and
ambition
in
much
the
same
way
as
the
most
famous
4
speech
of
all,
delivered
by
Martin
Luther
King
Jr.
two
years
later.
By
the
end
of
the
decade,
both
visions
had
yielded
concrete
results
and 5 American
society.
And
yet
in
many
ways
the
two
dreams
ended
up
6 each
other.
The
fight
for
racial
and
economic
equality
is
intensely
pragmatic
(讲求实用的)and
immediate
in
its
impact.
The
urge
to
explore
space
is
just
the
opposite.
It
is
figuratively
and
literally
otherworldly
in
its
7 .
?
When
the
dust
settled,
the
space
dreamers
lost
out.
There
was
no
grand
follow-up
to
the
Apollo
missions.
The
technologically
compromised
space
shuttle
program
has
just
come
to
an
end,
with
no 8 .
The
perpetual
argument
is
that
9
are
tight,
that
we
have
more
pressing
problems
here
on
Earth.
Amid
the
current
concerns
about
the
federal
deficit,
reaching
toward
the
stars
seems
a
dispensable
luxury— 10
saving
one-thousandth
of
a
single
year’s
budget
would
solve
our
problems.
?
But
human
ingenuity
struggles
on.
NASA
is
developing
a
series
of
robotic
probes
that
will
get
the
most
bang
from
a
buck.
They
will
serve
as
modern
Magellans,
11 out
the
solar
system
for
whatever
explorers
follow,
whether
man
or
machine.
On
the
flip
side,
companies
like
Virgin
Galactic
are
plotting
a
bottom-up
assault
on
the
space
dream
by
making
it
a
reality
to
the
public.
Private
spaceflight
could
lie
within
12
of
rich
civilians
in
a
few
years.
Another
decade
or
two
and
it
could
go
mainstream.
?
The
space
dreamers
end
up
benefiting
all
of
us—not
just
because
of
the
way
they
expand
human
knowledge,
or
because
of
the
spin-off
13
they
produce,
but
because
the
two
types
of
dreams
feed
off
each
other.
Both
Martin
Luther
King
and
John
Kennedy
appealed
to
the
idea
that
humans
can
14 what
were
once
considered
inherent
limitations.
Today
we
face
seeming
challenges
in
energy,
the
environment,
health
care.
Tomorrow
we
will
transcend
these
as
well,
and
the
dreamers
will
deserve
a
lot
of
the
credit.
The
more
evidence
we
collect
that
our
species
is
15 greatness,
the
more
we
will
actually
achieve
it.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。作者认为太空探索一直是梦想家的领域,
它激发了人类的想象力和创造力。而人类的聪明才智也紧追不舍,
最终将人类送上了太空。
1.
A.
dreamers B.
explorers
C.
astronomers
D.
novelists
【解析】选A。句意:
太空探索一直是梦想家的领域:
人类的想象力随时可以在人类的聪明才智努力追随的地方翱翔。
dreamers梦想家;
explorers探险家;
astronomers天文学家;
novelists小说家。该空格对应着后句中的the
human
imagination,
因此推断应该是梦想家。故选A。
2.
A.
after
B.
before
C.
until
D.
while
【解析】选B。句意:
直到他死后三百年第一个人造火箭才开始飞行。
after在……之后;
before在……之前;
until直到……才……;
while当……时候。根据句意和常识可知,
是在他死后才有的人造飞船。故选B。
3.
A.
year
B.
quarter
C.
century
D.
decade
【解析】选D。句意:
1961年,
当肯尼迪总统宣布美国将在十年内将人送上月球时,
那些话也有一种梦幻般的意味。
year年;
quarter一刻钟;
century世纪;
decade十年。该空对应着后文中的by
the
end
of
the
decade,
因此选用decade。故选D。
4.
A.
inspiring
B.
public
C.
dream
D.
freedom
【解析】选C。句意:
这些演讲中洋溢着乐观和雄心壮志,
就像马丁·路德·金发表的最著名的梦想演讲一样。
inspiring鼓舞人心的;
public公众的;
dream梦想;
freedom自由。全文集中讲述梦想,
所以是梦想演讲。故选C。
5.
A.
attacked
B.
industrialized
C.
transformed
D.
accessed
【解析】选C。句意:
在这十年结束前,
这两种愿景都取得了具体成果,
改变了美国社会。
attacked攻击;
industrialized使工业化;
transformed转变;
accessed接近。故选C。
6.
A.
in
conflict
with
B.
in
line
with
C.
in
common
with
D.
keeping
pace
with
【解析】选A。句意:
然而,
这两个梦想在很多方面都以相互冲突而告终。
in
conflict
with和……冲突;
in
line
with符合,
与……一致;
in
common
with与……一样;
keeping
pace
with
跟上。句子中yet
形成转折,
因此选择两种梦想互相冲突。故选A。
7.
A.
aims
B.
influences
C.
concerns
D.
terms
【解析】选A。句意:
探索太空的欲望正好相反。在它的目的上,
无论是比喻上还是字面上,
它都是超凡脱俗的。
aims目标;
influences影响;
concerns关心;
terms条款。根据上文The
fight
for
racial
and
economic
equality
is
intensely
pragmatic
and
immediate
in
its
impact.
The
urge
to
explore
space
is
just
the
opposite.
可知,
此处是指目标上。故选A。
8.
A.
ancestor
B.
successor
C.
forefather
D.
advocate
【解析】选B。句意:
技术上受到威胁的航天飞机计划刚刚结束,
没有继任者。
ancestor祖先;
successor继承人;
forefather先辈;
advocate拥护者。与上文中的has
just
come
to
an
end顺承,
即航天飞机计划搁浅并且没有继承人。故选B。
9.
A.
situations
B.
securities
C.
funds
D.
schedules
【解析】选C。句意:
长期的争论是资金紧张,
我们在地球上有更紧迫的问题。situations状况;
securities证券;
funds资金,
基金;
schedules日程安排。与后句中的federal
deficit(联邦财政赤字)对应,
应该是财政吃紧。故选C。
10.
A.
just
like
B.
on
condition
that
C.
as
if
D.
so
that
【解析】选C。句意:
到达太空是非必需的奢侈品,
好像我们需要节省一整年的千分之一的预算才能解决我们的问题。
just
like正如;
on
condition
that如果;
as
if好像;
so
that
以便。根据句意,
尤其是空前的破折号可知,
此处是一种比方。故选C。
11.
A.
making
B.
figuring
C.
sweeping
D.
mapping
【解析】选D
。句意:
他们将扮演现代麦哲伦的角色,
为探险者绘制出太阳系的蓝图,
无论探险者是人还是机器。making制作;
figuring计算;
sweeping打扫;
mapping绘图。根据句意中提到的Magellans可知,
此处是指为探险者绘制蓝图。故选D。
12.
A.
reach
B.
management
C.
control
D.
knowledge
【解析】选A。句意:
几年后,
富裕的平民百姓可以进行私人太空飞行。reach范围;
management管理;
control控制;
knowledge知识。within
reach
of
够得到,
结合句意。故选A。
13.
A.
productions
B.
chips
C.
technologies
D.
substitutes
【解析】选C。句意:
太空梦想家最终使我们所有人受益——不仅仅是因为他们扩展人类知识的方式,
或者因为他们生产的副产品技术,
而是因为这两种梦想相互促进。
productions产品;
chips炸薯条;
technologies技术;
substitutes替代品。结合句意和语境及句中的or可知,
此处是指技术。故选C。
14.
A.
go
beyond
B.
go
through
C.
go
after
D.
go
over
【解析】选A。句意:
马丁·路德·金和约翰·肯尼迪都呼吁人们能够超越曾经被认为是固有的局限性。
go
beyond超出;
go
through经历;
go
after追求;
go
over复习。根据下文Tomorrow
we
will
transcend
these
as
well,
and
the
dreamers
will
deserve
a
lot
of
the
credit.
明天我们也将超越这些,
而梦想家们将得到很大的赞扬。可知,
此处是指超出固有的局限性。故选A。
15.
A.
in
ignorance
of
B.
capable
of
C.
proud
of
D.
in
favor
of
【解析】选B。句意:
我们收集到的证据越多,
表明我们这个物种有能力成就伟大的事业,
我们就会取得越多的成就。in
ignorance
of不知道;
capable
of能够;
proud
of为……自豪;
in
favor
of支持。根据上文Tomorrow
we
will
transcend
these
as
well,
and
the
dreamers
will
deserve
a
lot
of
the
credit.
可知,
这些都是我们的能力。故选B。
PAGEUnit
6
Space
and
beyond
Using
language
Ⅰ.
用情态动词的正确形式填空
1.
Listen,
please.
You
(may
not/might
not)
may
not
speak
during
this
exam.
?
2.
They
(can’t/may
not)
can’t
still
be
out!
3.
You(couldn’t/might
not)
couldn’t
smoke
on
the
bus.
4.
With
luck,
tomorrow
(can/could)
could
be
a
cooler
day.
5.
You
(can/might)
might
be
right
but
I’m
going
back
to
check
the
times.
6.
You’ve
been
working
all
day.
You
(could/must)
must
be
very
tired.
7.
I
wonder
who
it
is.
It
(can’t/mustn’t)
can’t
be
Lisa.
She’s
still
in
the
library
now.
8.
My
father’s
birthday
is
coming.
What
(shall/may)
shall
I
give
him?
9.
It’s
a
long
time
since
we
met
last
time.
You
(might/should)should
see
us
more
often.
10.
Why
don’t
you
try
on
this
dress?
It
(will/can)will
look
nice
on
you.
Ⅱ.
用适当的情态动词填空
1.
Can
you
help
me?
I
can
never
understand
this.
2.
Could/Can
you
tell
me
what
time
it
is,
please?
3.
Henry
could
walk
when
he
was
one
year
old.
4.
We
are
going
for
a
walk.
Would
you
like
to
join
us?
5.
Tom,
you
mustn’t
leave
your
clothes
on
the
floor
like
this.
6.
The
road
is
wet.
It
must
have
rained
last
night.
7.
He
has
waited
outside
for
half
an
hour.
Shall
he
come
in?
8.
These
flowers
have
died.
You
should
have
watered
them.
9.
Will
she
be
ten
years
old
next
month?
10.
I
may
have
hurt
your
feelings,
but
it
was
not
my
intention.
完形填空
My
name
is
Miranda
Gibson.
I
have
been
at
the
top
of
a
tree
for
five
months
now.
Some
people
might
wonder
1
on
earth
I
would
choose
to
do
that.
?
I
have
walked
through
this
forest
many
times.
On
12
December
2011,
2
rolled
into
the
forest
and
the
destruction(摧毁)
began.
I
couldn’t
3
the
thought
that
these
forests
would
be
4
forever.
So,
on
14
December
2011,
I
packed
up
my
life,
5
of
my
job
plans,
and
climbed
60
meters
to
the
top
of
this
tree.
I
have
been
here
ever
since.
?
Life
in
the
tree
tops
can
be
6
at
times.
I
have
times
when
I
feel
frustrated(沮丧)
and
wish
I
could
7 ,
to
anywhere,
just
have
a
8
of
scenery
for
a
minute!
There
are
times
too,
when
I
feel
terribly
9 .
I
miss
my
friends
and
family.
10
these
times,
I
find
myself
loving
the
11 .
?
Living
on
the
tree
has
been
inspiring.
I
am
willing
to
12
up
here
for
as
long
as
it
takes,
13
I
honestly
hope
it
won’t
be
too
14
before
I
can
put
my
feet
on
the
ground
below
and
stand
in
a
forest
that
will
never
be
15 .
?
【文章大意】文章作者是米兰达·吉布森。为了保护森林,
到现在为止,
她已经在树上待了五个月了。她给人们解释了自己选择那样做的原因。
1.
A.
why
B.
when C.
how D.
where
【解析】选A。根据上文I
have
been
at
the
top
of
a
tree
for
five
months
now.
可知,
有些人想知道我为什么会待在树上。故选A。
2.
A.
water
B.
animals
C.
machinery
D.
tourists
【解析】选C。根据下文and
the
destruction
began,
结合选项可知,
是机器开进来,
破坏开始了。故选C。
3.
A.
bear
B.
help
C.
keep
D.
spare
【解析】选A。根据下文So,
on
14
December
2011,
I
packed
up
my
life,
______of
my
job
plans,
and
climbed
60
meters
to
the
top
of
this
tree.
可知,
作者一想到这些森林将永远消失,
就受不了,
所以他决定住在树上。故选A。?
4.
A.
sold
B.
stolen
C.
protected
D.
lost
【解析】选D。根据上文On
12
December
2011,
______
rolled
into
the
forest
and
the
destruction
began.
可知,
森林遭到摧毁,
将永远消失。故选D。?
5.
A.
grew
out
B.
fell
short
C.
ran
out
D.
let
go
【解析】选D。根据下文I
have
been
here
ever
since.
可知,
作者放弃了他的工作计划。故选D。
6.
A.
refreshing
B.
risky
C.
challenging
D.
rewarding
【解析】选C。根据下文I
have
times
when
I
feel
frustrated
and
wish
I
could
______,
to
anywhere,
just
have
a
______of
scenery
for
a
minute!
可知,
在树顶上生活是具有挑战性的一件事情。故选C。?
7.
A.
get
up
B.
get
away
C.
give
in
D.
give
up
【解析】选B。根据上文I
have
times
when
I
feel
frustrated
及空后to
anywhere可知,
作者希望自己能离开这里。故选B。
8.
A.
change
B.
look
C.
search
D.
touch
【解析】选A。根据上文I
have
times
when
I
feel
frustrated
and
wish
I
could
______,
to
anywhere可知,
此处指“风景的改变”,
也就是“换个环境”。故选A。?
9.
A.
confused
B.
nervous
C.
sorry
D.
lonely
【解析】选D。根据下文I
miss
my
friends
and
family.
可知,
有时我也会感到非常孤独,
我想念我的朋友和家人。故选D。
10.
A.
Beyond
B.
Without
C.
Despite
D.
Unlike
【解析】选C。结合前面的There
are
times
too,
when
I
feel
terribly
______.
I
miss
my
friends
and
family可知,
尽管有这些让我感到非常孤独的时刻,
我还是喜欢这种经历。根据语境可知,
前后句意存在让步关系,
故选C。?
11.
A.
height
B.
experience
C.
background
D.
position
【解析】选B。根据下文Living
on
the
tree
has
been
inspiring.
可知,
作者喜欢住在树顶上的经历。故选B。
12.
A.
return
B.
stop
C.
stay
D.
hide
【解析】选C。根据上文Living
on
the
tree
has
been
inspiring.
可知,
作者认为自己愿意在这里待多久就待多久。故选C。
13.
A.
but
B.
though
C.
because
D.
so
【解析】选A。根据前面的
I
am
willing
to
______up
here
for
as
long
as
it
takes我愿意在这里待多久就待多久,
但我真的希望在我能脚踏实地之前不会是太长时间,
站在一个永远不会被砍伐的森林里。可知,
前后句存在转折关系。故选A。?
14.
A.
soon
B.
long
C.
near
D.
bad
【解析】选B。根据前面的I
honestly
hope
it
won’t
be
too和后面的before
I
can
put
my
feet
on
the
ground
below
and
stand
in
a
forest
that
will
never
be
______可知,
但我真的希望在我能脚踏实地之前不会是太长时间,
站在一个永远不会被砍伐的森林里。根据语境及选项可知,
作者希望在他就能脚踏实地之前不会是太长时间。故选B。?
15.
A.
moved
B.
logged
C.
burned
D.
missed
【解析】选B。根据before
I
can
put
my
feet
on
the
ground
below
and
stand
in
a
forest
that
will
never
be
______可知,
此处指“被砍伐”。故选B。?
阅读理解
On
February
6,
2020,
American
astronaut
Christina
Koch
arrived
back
on
Earth
after
328
days
in
space.
Her
time
in
space
is
just
one
of
the
records
set
by
herself.
That’s
the
longest
spaceflight
ever
made
by
a
woman,
and
just
one
of
the
many
things
Ms
Koch
achieved
in
space.
Ms
Koch
took
off
from
Earth
for
the
International
Space
Station
(ISS)on
March
12,
2019.
While
in
space,
she
made
5,
248
trips
around
the
Earth,
travelling
2,
237
million
kilometres,
which
is
roughly
the
same
as
291
trips
to
the
Moon
and
back.
During
her
11
months
on
the
ISS,
Ms
Koch
took
part
in
six
spacewalks,
spending
over
42
hours
in
all
outside
the
station.
In
October
of
2019,
Ms
Koch
led
the
first
ever
all-female
spacewalk
with
Jessica
Meir.
But
for
most
astronauts,
space
travel
isn’t
about
setting
records.
It’s
about
doing
science.
Ms
Koch
took
part
in
a
wide
variety
of
special
experiments
including
studying
how
crystals
(晶体)grow
in
space,
how
atoms
(原子)behave
in
extreme
cold
and
learning
more
about
growing
plants
in
low
gravity.
Growing
plants
in
space
could
be
an
important
way
to
provide
food
on
future
trips.
She
also
tested
a
new
way
of
separating
liquids
from
gases.
This
experiment
could
lead
to
simple
methods
of
cleaning
water
and
air
in
space,
which
could
be
very
important
for
future
space
travel.
Ms
Koch
isn’t
just
a
scientist
and
an
astronaut.
She
is
also
being
studied.
She’s
part
of
a
NASA
program
studying
how
astronauts
are
affected
by
being
in
space
for
long
periods
of
time.
Her
trip
was
only
12
days
shorter
than
the
American
record
set
by
Scott
Kelly
in
2016.
As
they
did
with
Mr
Kelly,
NASA
scientists
are
looking
carefully
at
ways
Ms
Koch’s
body
has
been
affected
by
her
time
in
space.
That
research
is
important
for
the
longer
space
trips
NASA
hopes
to
make
in
the
future,
such
as
for
a
base
on
the
moon
or
a
trip
to
Mars.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了美国宇航员Koch女士完成了创纪录的太空飞行之后返回了地球,
以及她为太空飞行所做出的巨大贡献。
1.
Which
of
the
following
is
an
achievement
Ms
Koch
has
made?
A.
Making
the
longest
spaceflight
by
herself.
B.
Leading
the
first
women-only
spacewalk.
C.
Cleaning
water
and
air
successfully
in
space.
D.
Staying
outside
the
ISS
continuously
for
42
hours.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,
在2019年10月,
Koch女士与Jessica
Meir
一起领导了第一次只有女性的太空旅行。所以可知,
Koch女士领导了第一次只有女性的太空旅行。故选B。
2.
What
does
the
author
want
to
tell
us
with
so
many
detailed
figures
in
Paragraph
2?
A.
Koch
made
historic
breakthroughs
in
space.
B.
Koch
went
through
a
life-threatening
space
trip.
C.
Koch
completed
admirable
tasks
in
the
space
travel.
D.
Koch
is
the
most
experienced
astronaut
in
NASA.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知,
这次最长时间的太空旅行只是Koch女士在太空中完成的任务之一。然后在接下来的第二段就用大量的数字列举了她在太空旅行中完成了很多令人敬佩的任务。故选C。
3.
Which
statement
agrees
with
the
text?
A.
Astronauts
are
competing
to
set
new
records.
B.
Koch’s
team
produced
their
own
food
in
space.
C.
NASA
has
founded
a
scientific
base
on
the
moon.
D.
Koch’s
research
is
significant
for
space
exploration.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知,
Koch女士的实验可以导致一种简单的清洗太空中的水和空气的方法,
所以可知,
她的研究对于未来的空间探索具有重要意义。故选D。
4.
What
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Record-Setting
Astronaut
Koch
Returns
to
Earth
B.
US
Astronauts
Carried
out
Experiments
in
Space
C.
Spacewalks
Have
Successfully
Been
Done
on
the
ISS
D.
NASA
is
Studying
Astronauts
for
Longer
Space
Trips
【解析】选A。标题归纳题。主要介绍了美国宇航员Koch女士完成了创纪录的太空飞行之后返回了地球,
以及她为太空飞行所做出的巨大贡献。所以最佳题目:
创纪录的宇航员Koch返回地球。故选A。
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