9BU2
【原文再现】
He
is
an
inventor.
He
invented
my
favourite
food.
inventor
n.发明者，发明家
an
inventor
Edison
was
one
of
the
greatest
inventors
in
history.
invent
v.发明
Who
invented
the
car?
谁发明了汽车？
invention
n.发明，创造
Edison
created
over
1000
inventions.
爱迪生创造了1000多项发明
【随堂练习】
---
Will
you
fix
up
the
machine
according
to
the
________,
David?
---
No
problem.
(20港下二模)
A.
inventions
B.
introductions
C.
instructions
D.
interviews
There
will
be
more
and
more
____________
(发明)
that
are
to
change
our
lives
beyond
our
wildest
dreams.
(20外国语二模)
inventions
Of
all
the
great
____________
(发明),
I
think
the
computer
is
the
most
useful.
(20年太湖格致6月)
inventions
When
it
came
time
to
turn
these
____________
(invent)
ideas
into
real
products,
the
work
was
sent
to
China.
(20东亭二模)
inventors’
Zhang
Heng
is
one
of
the
greatest
____________
(invent)
in
antient
China.
(19省锡中9BU2错题)
inventors
【原文再现】
explorer
n.探险者，考察者
an
explorer
explore
v.探索，探讨
explore
outer
space
探索太空
【随堂练习】
---
What’s
a
good
reader?
---
Able
to
________
the
themes
of
a
good
read,
I
guess.
(20外国语二模)
A.
suppose
B.
survive
C.
expect
D.
explore
【原文再现】
South
African,
a
fighter
for
the
rights
of
black
Africans
all
his
life.
Italy
n.
意大利
Italian
adj.
意大利(人)的/n.
意大利人
an
Italian
Russia
n.
俄罗斯
Russian
adj.
俄罗斯(人)的/n.
俄罗斯人
a
Russian
Europe
n.
欧洲
European
adj.
欧洲(人)的/n.
欧洲人
a
European
Asia
n.
亚洲
Asian
adj.
亚洲(人)的/n.
亚洲人
an
Asian
Africa
n.
非洲
African
adj.
非洲(人)的/n.
非洲人
an
African
America
n.
美洲
American
adj.
美洲(人)/n.
美洲人
an
American
Australia
n.
澳大利亚
Australian
adj.澳大利亚(人)的/n.
澳大利亚人
an
Australian
England
n.
英格兰
(English
adj.
英国的)
Englishman
n.
英国人
an
Englishman
【随堂练习】
---Are
they
_________?
---No,
they
come
from
__________.
They
are
_________.
(19省锡中9BU2错题)
A.
South
Africa;
Russia;
Russian
B.
Chinese;
Russian;
Europeans
C.
South
African;
Russia;
Europeans
D.
Italian;
Russian;
Russians
I
plan
to
travel
to
several
countries
in
____________
(欧洲)
and
speak
to
the
____________
(欧洲人).
(19省锡中9BU2错题)
Europe;
Europeans
Those
____________
(亚洲人)
wisdom
and
creativity
caught
the
attention
from
the
whole
world.
(20港下二模)
Asians’
曼德拉将他的一生致力于为非洲黑人的权利而斗争。
Mandela
devoted
all
his
life
to
___________________________________.
(19省锡中9BU2错题)
fighting
for
the
rights
of
black
Africans
【原文再现】
Armstrong
joined
the
navy
in
1949
and
served
as
a
pilot
for
three
years.
serve
vi.
vt.
服役;
服务;
招待
serve
me
food
and
drink
serve
the
people
heart
and
soul
全心全意为人民服务
serve
as
a
pilot
担任飞行员
service
n.
服务
be
in
service
=
be
in
use
provide
high
level
of
service
【随堂练习】
Chinese
medical
workers
provide
a
high
level
of
____________
(serve)
for
people
in
need.
(20江南二模)
service
Now
the
US
has
13
aircraft
carriers
in
all,
including
2
which
are
now
out
of
____________.
(serve)
(20天一三模)
service
Weibo
as
well
as
Wechat
____________
(serve)
as
a
media
platform
for
people
to
share
their
thoughts
without
limits
of
place
or
time.
(20水秀二模)
serves
The
old
man
who
passed
away
devoted
all
his
life
to
____________
(serve)
in
the
navy.
(19省锡中9BU2错题)
serving
上一届锡马提供了高规格的服务，运动员们都非常满意。
The
last
Beverly
Wuxi
Marathon
___________________________________
that
all
the
athletes
were
completely
satisfied.
(20天一三模)
provided
such
a
high
level
of
service
这家酒店为被隔离的房客提供高水准的服务。
The
guests
who
were
isolated
could
get
___________________________________
in
this
hotel.
(20新吴模考)
a
high
level
of
service
那位顾客对我们的服务很满意，立即就办了张VIP卡。
That
customer
___________________________________
that
he
applied
for
a
VIP
card
at
once.
(20滨湖一模)
was
so
satisfied
with
our
service
【原文再现】
In
1955,
he
became
a
test
pilot.
He
flew
over
1000
hours
and
tested
all
types
of
aircraft.
test
v.测试，测验
test
all
types
of
aircraft
测试各种类型的飞机
n.检验，测试
pass
the
test
通过了检测
a
monthly
test
月考
have
a
monthly
test
on有次关于……的月考
There
was
a
time
when
the
scientist
spent
an
hour,
one
day
a
week,
____________
(检验)
the
medicine.
(20港下二模)
testing
Listening
to
his
useless
chatting
really
____________
(test)
my
patience.
I
won’t
chat
with
him
again.
(19省锡中9BU2错题)
tests
【原文再现】
However,
on
their
way
back
to
the
Earth,
the
spacecraft
began
spinning
out
of
control.
control可作名词，常见搭配：under
control
在控制之中
under
the
control
of
在……的控制下
out
of
control
失控
take
control
of
控制……
beyond
control
无法控制
control也可作动词，意为“控制”。
过去式:
controlled
过去分词:
controlled
现在分词：controlling
【随堂练习】
Since
COVID-19
has
largely
been
brought
________,
people
in
China
are
returning
to
their
work
in
an
orderly
manner.
(20港下二模)
A.
under
control
B.
under
way
C.
under
discussion
D.
under
treatment
---When
will
the
schools
open?
Children’s
online
courses
nearly
drive
me
mad.
---
As
soon
as
the
disease
____________
(control)
completely
next
month!
(20羊尖三模)
is
controlled
He
didn’t
even
tell
us
about
the
difficulty
he
had
____________
(control)
the
machine
at
that
time.
(20太湖格致6月)
controlling
The
experienced
captain
suggested
____________
(控制)
the
speed
of
the
ship
first
in
the
storm.
(18省锡中一模卷）controlling
He
didn’t
even
mention
the
difficulty
he
had
at
that
time
____________
(control)
the
moving
train.
(18天一一模卷)
controlling
---
事故是怎么发生的？---
那辆长途客车碰巧失去了控制。(20天一四模)
---
How
did
the
accident
happen?
---
The
coach
___________________________________.
happened
to
be
out
of
control
如果你能告诉我机器人已失控多久，那就太好了。（19年无锡市中考题）
It
would
be
great
if
you
can
tell
me
___________________________________.
how
long
the
robot
has
been
out
of
control
【原文再现】
He
landed
the
spacecraft
Apollo
11
on
the
moon.
He
said
the
famous
words
“one
small
step
for
(a)
man,
one
giant
leap
foe
a
mankind”
as
he
stepped
out
onto
the
Moon’s
surface.
land
vi.
/vt.
__着落，降落;
使着落，使降落___
land
the
spacecraft
on
the
Moon
land
safely
安全降落
n.
陆地
on
land
在陆地上
take
off
起飞
n.
step
____步骤；台阶_____
We
heard
steps
outside.
It’s
tiring
to
climb
the
steps.
take
a
step
__采取措施/跨一步__
We’re
taking
a
step
to
prevent
pollution.
He
took
a
step
towards
the
door.
step
by
step
_____一步一步_____
I’ll
explain
it
to
you
step
by
step.
vi.
_____踏出_______
He
stepped
carefully
over
the
broken
glass.
step-stepped-stepped
step
out
onto…
跨出去到……上面
step
out
onto
the
surface
of
the
moon
【模拟真题】
1.
Look
at
these
footprints!
Someone
____has
stepped__(step)
into
our
garden.
(18新吴区二模)
2.
China
__is
stepping________
(step)
into
a
stage
of
aging
society,
which
means
aging
problems
should
be
taken
into
serious
consideration.
(20省锡中三模)
3.
I
know
you
will
have
a
meeting
and
naturally
I
wouldn’t
want
to
________
too
much
of
your
time.
(20格致三模)
A.
take
up
B.
take
in
C.
take
on
D.
take
off
【原文再现】
They
collected
Moon
rocks
to
take
back
to
the
Earth
for
further
research.
further
(far-farther
/further-farthest/furthest)
adj.
__更多的，更进一步的__
go
abroad
for
further
study
__出国进修__
take
back
to
the
Earth
for
further
research
__返回地球做更深的研究__
【随堂练习】
1.
More
and
more
young
people
hope
to
have
a
__
further
___
(far)
study
abroad.
2.
The
room
was
quiet.
No
one
volunteered
any
___
further
_____
(far)
information.
【模拟真题】
1.
Weather
to
wear
masks
in
public
in
the
future
is
well
worth
discussing
___further___.
(fur)
(20外国语二模)
2.
We
haven’t
reached
an
agreement,
so
we
need
to
have
a
__
further
___
(进一步的)
discussion.
(20水秀二模)
3.
相比出国进修，现在选择呆在国内比较明智。
__Compared
with
going
abroad
for
further
study__,
now
it
is
much
wiser
to
choose
to
stay
at
home.
(20天一四模)
【原文再现】
He
was
the
pride
of
the
whole
world.
pride
n.
___骄傲，可引以为豪的人(或物)___
the
pride
of
the
whole
world
He
is
the
pride
of
his
parents.
proud
adj.
__骄傲的__
He
was
proud
of
himself
for
not
giving
up.
be
proud
of
…
=
take
pride
in
…
以……而自豪
【随堂练习】
1.
Li
Tao
is
the
____pride________
(骄傲)
of
our
school,
because
he
gave
a
big
help
to
the
homeless.
2.
The
boy
who
won
the
drawing
competition
is
the
______pride_______
(骄傲)
of
his
class.
3.
I’m
________of
my
father
and
he
is
________of
me.
A.
the
pride;
proud
B.
the
proud;
the
pride
C.
the
proud;
pride
D.
pride;
the
proud
【模拟真题】
1.
Most
people
are
never
________
of
the
process
they
have
made.
(20江南二模)
A.
proud
B.
afraid
C.
perfect
D.
personal
2.
There
is
an
old
saying,
“___Pride_________
(proud)
goes
before
a
fall.”
(20外国语二模)
【原文再现】
In
the
past,
people
washed
their
clothes
by
hand.
by
hand
__手工__
wash
their
clothes
by
hand
【模拟真题】
1.
端午节期间，奶奶更喜欢手工包粽子而不是去商店买。
Grandmother
would
rather
__make
rice
dumplings
by
hand
than__
buy
some
in
the
shops
during
the
Dragon
Boat
Festival.
(20羊尖三模)
2.
在那个年代，书籍是靠手工制作的。(20无锡中考)
In
those
days,
books
___
were
made
by
hand__.
3.
如今越来越多的人习惯手工制作礼物，而不是去商店买。(20水秀二模)
Nowadays
more
and
more
people
__get
used
to
making
presents
by
hands__
instead
of
buying
them
in
the
shops.
【原文再现】
the
discovery
of
radium
镭的发现
n.
discovery
__发现;
发现物___
the
discovery
of
radium
镭的发现
v.
discover
__发现；(出乎意料)找到；了解到__
Scientists
around
the
world
are
working
to
discover
a
cure
of
AIDS.
It
was
a
shock
to
discover
that
he
couldn’t
read.
【拓展】辨析invent和discover
【随堂练习】
1.
The
researchers
hope
their
new
__discovery_____
(发现)
can
be
used
to
make
objects
that
are
difficult
or
impossible
to
replace.
2.
Do
you
know
who
_________
the
lamp
and
who
______
America
first?
A.
discovered;
found
B.
discovered;
invented
C.
found;
discovered
D.
invented;
discovered
3.
New
scientific
____
discoveries
_____(discover)
are
being
made
every
day.
4.
镭的发现对我们的生活有很大影响。
_The
discovery
of
____
radium
__has
a
great
influence
on
our
life_____.
【模拟真题】
1.
Artemisinin
(青蒿素)
was
first
________
by
Chinese
scientist
Tu
Youyou
in
the
1970s.
(20新吴模考)
A.
invented
B.
created
C.
produced
D.
discovered
【原文再现】
It
was
brave
of
him
to
go
to
a
place
that
was
unknown
to
humans
at
that
time.
unknown
adj.
___未知的;
不出名的___
known
adj.
___已知的;
出名的___
It
was
brave
of
him
to
go
to
a
place
that
was
unknown
to
humans
at
that
time.
know
v.
__知道;
了解__
【随堂练习】
1.
Some
details
of
a
murder
mystery
happened
in
London
remain
____unknown________
(未知的)．
【模拟真题】
1.
People
with
a
high
IQ
___know________
(know)
how
to
deal
with
the
disagreement
,
perhaps
ending
it
in
a
humorous
way.
(20滨湖一模)
2.
Tom
lay
down
on
the
grass
and,
for
some
___unknown___
(know)
reason,
stared
to
count
stars.
(20天一三模)
3.
We
are
always
touched
by
these
__unknown________
(know)
people
who,
however,
are
making
contributions
to
our
society.
(20外国语二模)
4.
What
caused
the
accident
remains
__unknown__
(know).
We
need
to
do
more
research
on
it.
(20格致三模)
5.
Now
each
of
you
__has
known__
(know)
your
place.
So
don’t
depend
too
much
on
your
parents
and
work
hard
now.
(20天一四模)
【原文再现】
She
pushed
for
the
use
of
X-ray
machines,
which
are
not
widely
in
hospitals.
①widely,
副词，意思是广泛地，普遍地
English
is
widely
used
in
many
fields.
②wide,
形容词，意思是宽的，宽阔的
The
river
is
10
meters
wide.
③wide,
副词，意思是“张大、睁大”到最大程度
Open
your
eyes
wide.
with
the
door/eyes
___wide_____
(wide)
open
be
__widely_____
(wide)
used
【随堂练习】
近年来，智能手机已得到广泛使用。
Smart
mobile
phones
_________
have
been
widely
used______in
recent
years.
2.
English
is
__widely______
used
in
everyday
communication
around
the
world.
(wide)
【模拟真题】
Rice
is
__widely_______
(wide)
planted
in
South
China.
The
people
there
like
rice
very
much.
(20南长3月)
【原文再现】
happened
to
find
a
natural
hybrid
rice
plant
that
had
many
advantages
over
others
sb.
happen
to
do
sth.
某人碰巧做某事
I
happened
to
meet
one
of
my
old
friends
yesterday.
sth.
happen
to
sb.
某人发生某事
Can
you
tell
me
what
happened
to
him
yesterday?
take
place表示“发生，举行，举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。happen指偶然发生，具有不可预测性
【随堂练习】
What
____has
happened____
(happen)
to
the
little
girl?
She
was
crying
sadly.
我碰巧坐在她旁边。I
___happened
to
sit
next
to
her_________________.
【模拟真题】
碰巧我读过那个故事，所以我能告诉他们事实真相。(18大桥模考)
I
the
story，so
I
can
tell
them
the
truth.
【原文再现】
happened
to
find
a
natural
hybrid
rice
plant
that
had
many
advantages
over
others
advantage
n.优势，有利条件
the
advantage
of
(doing)
sth.
做......的优势
have
many
advantages
over
others
比其他人有许多优点
Being
tall
gives
him
an
__
advantage
______
(优势)
over
the
other
basketball
players.
disadvantage
n.劣势
【随堂练习】
Living
in
the
city
brings
us
lots
of
____
advantages___________（优势）,
for
example,
the
fast
public
transport,
but
there
are
also
some
_____
disadvantages______________（劣势）like
pollution.
?One
of
this
car's
___
advantages_______
(advantage)
is
that
it
doesn't
use
much
petrol.
【模拟真题】
The
boy
had
already
lived
in
England
for
a
year,
_______
he
had
a
big
advantage
_______
the
other
students.
A.
so;
on
B.
but;
on
C.
so;
over
D.
and;
over
(20南长3月)
目前实践证明，中国的制度比起别国的制度有着很多优势。（20天一一模）
Now
practice
has
proved
that
the
system
of
China
has
many
advantages
over
that
of
others.
—
My
sister
is
very
nervous????????tomorrow's
job
interview.
—
I
think
her
rich
experience
will
give
her
an
advantage????????others
for
the
job.（19外国语3月）
A.?about;
on
B.?will;
over
C.?about;
over
D.?for;
against
【原文再现】
his
achievements
have
increased
rice
production
by
20%—30%,
and
in
some
places
even
more
increase“增长，增加”可作及物或不及物动词。还可作名词。
The
population
of
this
town
has
increased.
increase
by
和increase
to
的区别
①increase
by+倍数或百分数表示增加了...倍或百分之....
②increase
to
+具体的增长后的数字表示增加到了...
【随堂练习】
The
population
of
this
town
has
_____increased___________（增长）by
5
percent.
The
___increasing_____(increase)
population
is
one
of
the
largest
problems
in
the
world.
The
number
of
the
laptops
increased
________
5
million
this
year.?
A.?by
B.?in
C.?of
D.?to
4.
His
achievements
have
increased
rice
production
______
20%.?
A.?by
B.?in
C.?to
D.?at
【模拟真题】
—
The
prices
of
food,
clothes
and
houses
have
so
quickly
these
years.
—
So
they
have.
Life
becomes
harder.
(20省锡中一模)
A.
increased
B.
raised
C.
improved
D.
developed
2.
The
population
of
Asian
elephants
has
increased
from
170
_______
250
in
this
area.?(19硕放一模)
A.?to
B.?by
C.?of
D.?for
3.
The
number
of
the
students
in
Mary's
school__
increases______
(increase)
every
year.
(19南菁一模)
4.
The
population
of
the
city
___
has
increased______?(increase)
by
2
million
in
the
past
ten
years.
【原文再现】
development
of
better
rice
plants
更优良水稻植物的发展
n.
development发展
v.培养;发展
培养好的阅读习惯develop
a
good
reading
habit
发展经济
develop
economies
developed
adj.发达的
发达国家developed
countries
developing
adj.发展中的
发展中国家developing
countries
【随堂练习】
The
fruit
and
vegetables
are
good
for
the
health
__
development
___
(develop)
of
children.
中国梦是把人民聚集在一起和推进我们祖国快速发展的好办法。
Chinese
Dream
is
a
great
way
to
bring
people
together
and
__
push
for
the
fast
development
of
_our
own
country.
【模拟真题】
As
the
story
develops
(develop),
the
truth
is
discovered
little
by
little.
(20天一一模)
The
company
offered
a
number
of
chances
for
teachers'
professional
__
development_______.(develop)(19外国语模考)
With
the
___development_____
(develop)
of
Xiong'an
New
Area,
more
than
180,000
jobs
can
be
provided
for
local
people.
(19辅仁模考)
Grammar
易混时态对比学习
一、一般现在时与现在进行时的对比
1.
用法不同
一般现在时：1.
表示经常性和习惯性的动作或存在的状态；
She
loves
English
very
much.
表示说话者的能力；
My
sister
can
play
the
piano
very
well.
客观事实名言警句；
The
sun
rises
in
the
east.
在时间和条件状语从句中代替将来时；
If
it
rains
tomorrow,
we
won’t
have
a
picnic.
表示交通工具出发或到达的时间，通常用一般现在时表示将来时
现在进行时：1.
表示说话时正在进行的动作。
We
are
listening
to
music
now.
表示目前或者是现阶段一直进行的动作。
I
am
writing
an
article
these
days.
与always,
often等频率副词连用表达强烈的赞扬、厌恶等语气
Daisy
is
always
doing
her
homework
carefully.
构成不同
现在进行时态
标志词：常与now，look，listen等连用。
句子结构：
1．be
+
动词现在分词（即：动词-ing形式），be
+
doing
是一个整体，不能分开。
2．be
随着主语的变化而变化，doing的变化规则根据现在分词的变化规律来定。
句型变化：
肯定句：主语+be+动词现在分词+其它。
否定句：主语+be+
not+动词现在分词+其它。
一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词现在分词+其它？
Yes,
主语+be
+动词现在分词+其它。
No,
主语+be+
not+动词现在分词+其它。
动词现在分词的构成规律
一般情况下,在动词原形后直接加-ing；
work→
working
do→
doing
play→
playing
以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing
dance→
dancing
come→
coming
在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）的动词中，要先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ing；
get→
getting
shop→
shopping
run→
running
swim→
swimming
forget→
forgetting
prefer→
preferring
以ie结尾的重读闭音节词，将ie改成y再加ing。
lie→
lying
die→
dying
一般现在时态
标志词：
常与频率副词always,
usually,
often,
sometimes,
seldom,
never等连用
常与表示经常的时间every
day,
at
8:30,
on
Sunday,
in
the
morning等连用
句子结构
主语+be+其它
主语+行为动词+其它(当主语是第三人称单数he;
she;
it时动词用第三人称单数)
主语+情态动词+动词原形+其它
句型变化
肯定句：主语+be+其它
主语+行为动词+其它
主语+情态动词+动词原形
否定句：主语+be+
not+其它
主语+do/does
not+动词原形+其它
主语+情态动词+not+动词原形
一般疑问句
Be+主语+其它？
Yes,
主语+be+其它
No,
主语+be+其它
Do/Does+主语+其它？
Yes,
主语+动词原形/动词第三人称单数+其它
No,
主语+do/does
not+动词原形+其它
情态动词+主语+动词原形+其它？
Yes,
主语+情态动词+动词原形+其它
No,
主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+其它
动词的第三人称单数构成规则
一般情况下在动词的后面直接加“s”；
work→
works
play→
plays
rain→
rains
see→
sees
visit→
visits
以o,
x,
s,
sh,
ch结尾的动词，在后面加“es”；
do→
does
fix→
fixes
guess→
guesses
wash→
washes
teach→
teaches
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把“y”
改为
“i”,
再加“es”；
fly→
flies
study→
studies
carry→
carries
不规则变化
have→
has
课堂练习
---
What
did
he
say?
(19省锡中巩固练习)
---
He
told
us
________.
A.
there
were
four
seasons
in
a
year
B.
light
travels
faster
than
sound
C.
how
can
we
get
to
the
People’s
Park
D.
great
changes
had
been
taken
place
here
recently
2.
---
May
I
go
to
the
cinema
with
Tom
tomorrow,
mom?(20天一一模)
---
Of
course,
if
your
homework
_________
by
then.
A.
will
be
finished
B.
finish
C.
will
finish
D.
is
finished
3.
Human
population
growth
will
be
probably
the
most
serious
problem
if
it
____________
(not
control)
properly.
(20惠山二模)
isn’t
controlled
4.
Don’t
worry,
granny.
The
timetable
says
the
last
bus
____________
(leave)
at
9:05
PM
(20惠山二模)leaves
5.
At
present,
the
number
of
people
with
COVID-19
in
the
USA
____________
(increase)
rapidly.(20惠山
二模)
is
increasing
6.
为了帮助我们养成良好的学习习惯，王老师常鼓励我们要温故知新。(20惠山一模)
To
help
us
develop
a
good
learning
habit,
Mr.
Wang
often
___________________________________
what
we
have
learnt
before
learning
something
new.
encourages
us
to
go
over
7.
Not
only
the
UK
itself
but
also
other
European
countries____________(care)
a
lot
about
the
new
Era
of
Brexit
(脱欧新时代)
these
days.
(20省锡中二模)are
caring
8.
---
Have
you
seen
Mr.
Black,
a
tall
man?
---
Yes,
he
____________
(fix)
the
washing
machine
for
Granny
Li.
This
way,
please.
(20天一一模)
is
fixing
9.
As
the
story
____________
(develop),
the
truth
is
discovered
little
by
little.(20天一一模)
develops
二、一般过去时与过去进行时的对比
1.
用法不同
一般过去时：表示过去发生过的动作或情况；过去经常、反复发生的动作；替代一般现在是表示委婉、客气等语气。
过去进行时：表示过去某个具体时间正在发生的动作；过去某个阶段正在做的事。
构成不同
过去进行时态
标志词：at
five
last
night;
at
this
time
yesterday;
when引导的时间状语从句;
while引导的时间状语从句等。
句子结构
was/were+
动词现在分词
句型变化
肯定句：主语+was/were+动词现在分词+其它。
否定句：主语+was/were+
not+动词现在分词+其它。
一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+动词现在分词+其它？
Yes,
主语+was/were+动词现在分词+其它
No,
主语+was/were
not+动词现在分词+其它
动词现在分词的构成规律参照
一般过去时态
标志词：表示过去某个时间的词或词组
yesterday;
the
day
before
yesterday;
last
night;
two
days
ago;
in
1999;
once
upon
a
time;
long
long
ago等
句子结构
主语+动词过去式+其它
句型变化
肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它(be动词过去式是was/were)
否定句：主语+was/were+
not+其它
主语+did+动词原形+其它
一般疑问句：Was/Were
+主语+其它?
Yes,
主语+was/were
+其它
No，主语+was/were
not+其它
Did+主语+其它？
Yes,
主语+动词过去式+其它
No,
主语+didn’t
+动词原形+其它
动词的过去式构成规则
一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加ed。
want→wanted
play→played
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加d。
hope→
hoped
live→
lived
重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。
stop→
stopped
ship→
shipped
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加ed。
study→
studied
worry→
worried
有些动词不符合上面的规则，需要特殊记忆。
am(is)→was
are→
were
go→
went
eat→
ate
swim→
swam
buy→
bought
see→
saw
teach→
taught
bring→
brought
think→
thought
fall→
fell
hurt→
hurt
break→
broke
win→
won
lose→
lost
课堂练习
Do
you
know
who
________
the
lamp
and
who
________
America
first?
(19省锡中巩固练习)
A.
discovered;
found
B.
discovered;
invented
C.
found;
discovered
D.
invented;
discovered
2.
---
Will
Peter
come
to
the
party?
(20省锡中二模)
---
No,
he
________
his
mind
after
a
phone
call
at
the
last
minute.
A.
Changed
B.
changes
C.
has
changed
D.
was
changing
3.
---
I
saw
the
light
of
your
room
was
still
on
at
one
o’clock
last
night.
(19天一期中)
---
Oh,
I
________
a
match
of
the
World
E-sports
Games.
watched
B.
have
watched
C.
am
watching
D.
was
watching
4.
I
____________
(ride)to
school
for
three
years
when
I
was
in
the
middle
school.
(20惠山二模)
rode
5.
---
You
seemed
busy
just
now.
Have
you
got
a
minute
now,
sir?
(19天一初三期中)
---
Sure.
I
___________
(reply)
to
an
important
e-mail.
It’s
done.
So,
what’s
up?
was
replying
6.
---
I
____________
you
here,
but
you
didn’t
come.
(20惠山二模)was
expecting
---
I’m
terribly
sorry.
I
was
so
busy
that
I
forgot.
(expect)
三、现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较
1.
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对“现在”产生的影响。
如：
He
visited
Guilin
in
1998.
2.
现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语连用。
如：
Jill
has
bought
a
new
computer.吉尔买了一台新电脑。(着重点是现在有了一台新电脑)
3.
两种时态的区分
一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式，而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是“助动词have
/has
+过去分词”。
一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,
last
week,
two
years
ago,
in
2002等；现在完成时则常与just,
already,
ever,
never等副词和these
days,
this
week,
since...,
for...等段时间的状语连用。
【课堂练习】
---
Jack,
haven’t
seen
you
for
a
long
time!
Where
have
you
been?
(19新吴区期中)
---
Well,
I
________
in
Shanghai
on
vacation
for
two
months.
have
stayed
B.
stayed
C.
had
stayed
D.
was
staying
2.
---
Jack,
haven’t
seen
you
for
a
long
time?
Where
have
you
been?
(19省锡中巩固练习)
---
Well,
I
________
in
Shanghai
on
business
for
two
months.
A.
have
stayed
B.
stayed
C.
had
stayed
D.
was
staying
3.
---
Oh,
my
God!
I
________
you
were
in
Beijing,
too!
When
did
you
come?
(19省锡中巩固练习)
---
I
have
lived
in
Beijing
since
2015.
don’t
know
B.
didn’t
know
C.
haven’t
known
D.
wasn’t
known
4.
Not
only
his
parents
but
also
his
friend
to
Xiamen.
They
haven’t
come
back.(19天一初三期中)
A.
have
been
B.
have
gone
C.
has
been
D.
has
gone
5.
---
Hi,
Judy.
Have
you
graduated
from
college?
(16无锡中考)
---
Yes,
I
____________
(study)
in
Nanjing
University
for
four
years.
studied
6.
---
Look!
Someone
____________
(break)
the
window.
It’s
so
cold.
(19省锡中初二期中)
---
It
wasn’t
me.
I
didn’t
do
that.
has
broken
7.
Everyone
except
Peter
and
Andy
____________
(not
decide)
when
and
where
to
go
yet.
(19惠山初二期
中)
hasn’t
decided
8.
---
Mr.
Smith,
why
are
you
still
waiting
here?
(20惠山二模)
hasn’t
appeared
---
Professor
Black
promised
to
attend
the
meeting,
but
he
____________
(not
appear).
9.
The
three
boy
students
Miss
White
paid
special
attention
to
____________
(make)
great
progress
at
last.(20惠山一模)
made
10.
---
Look!
Someone
____________
(tidy)
the
meeting
room
up.
(20省锡中二模)has
tidied
---
Well,
it
wasn't
me.
I
didn't
do
it.
Having
spent
the
past
year
as
an
exchange
student
in
London,
Linda
____________
(appear)
more
experienced
than
her
age.(20省锡中二模)
appeared
---
Are
you
going
to
Hong
Kong
for
further
study
after
graduation?
(20天一一模)
---
Well.
I
____________
(not
decide).
I
may
make
some
other
choices.
haven’t
decided9BU2
【原文再现】
He
is
an
inventor.
He
invented
my
favourite
food.
inventor
n.发明者，发明家
an
inventor
Edison
was
one
of
the
greatest
inventors
in
history.
invent
v.发明
Who
invented
the
car?
谁发明了汽车？
invention
n.发明，创造
Edison
created
over
1000
inventions.
爱迪生创造了1000多项发明
【随堂练习】
---
Will
you
fix
up
the
machine
according
to
the
________,
David?
---
No
problem.
(20港下二模)
A.
inventions
B.
introductions
C.
instructions
D.
interviews
There
will
be
more
and
more
____________
(发明)
that
are
to
change
our
lives
beyond
our
wildest
dreams.
(20外国语二模)
Of
all
the
great
____________
(发明),
I
think
the
computer
is
the
most
useful.
(20年太湖格致6月)
When
it
came
time
to
turn
these
____________
(invent)
ideas
into
real
products,
the
work
was
sent
to
China.
(20东亭二模)
Zhang
Heng
is
one
of
the
greatest
____________
(invent)
in
antient
China.
(19省锡中9BU2错题)
【原文再现】
explorer
n.探险者，考察者
an
explorer
explore
v.探索，探讨
explore
outer
space
探索太空
【随堂练习】
---
What’s
a
good
reader?
---
Able
to
________
the
themes
of
a
good
read,
I
guess.
(20外国语二模)
A.
suppose
B.
survive
C.
expect
D.
explore
【原文再现】
South
African,
a
fighter
for
the
rights
of
black
Africans
all
his
life.
Italy
n.
意大利
Italian
adj.
意大利(人)的/n.
意大利人
an
Italian
Russia
n.
俄罗斯
Russian
adj.
俄罗斯(人)的/n.
俄罗斯人
a
Russian
Europe
n.
欧洲
European
adj.
欧洲(人)的/n.
欧洲人
a
European
Asia
n.
亚洲
Asian
adj.
亚洲(人)的/n.
亚洲人
an
Asian
Africa
n.
非洲
African
adj.
非洲(人)的/n.
非洲人
an
African
America
n.
美洲
American
adj.
美洲(人)/n.
美洲人
an
American
Australia
n.
澳大利亚
Australian
adj.澳大利亚(人)的/n.
澳大利亚人
an
Australian
England
n.
英格兰
(English
adj.
英国的)
Englishman
n.
英国人
an
Englishman
【随堂练习】
---Are
they
_________?
---No,
they
come
from
__________.
They
are
_________.
(19省锡中9BU2错题)
A.
South
Africa;
Russia;
Russian
B.
Chinese;
Russian;
Europeans
C.
South
African;
Russia;
Europeans
D.
Italian;
Russian;
Russians
I
plan
to
travel
to
several
countries
in
____________
(欧洲)
and
speak
to
the
____________
(欧洲人).
(19省锡中9BU2错题)
Those
____________
(亚洲人)
wisdom
and
creativity
caught
the
attention
from
the
whole
world.
(20港下二模)
曼德拉将他的一生致力于为非洲黑人的权利而斗争。
Mandela
devoted
all
his
life
to
___________________________________.
(19省锡中9BU2错题)
【原文再现】
Armstrong
joined
the
navy
in
1949
and
served
as
a
pilot
for
three
years.
serve
vi.
vt.
服役;
服务;
招待
serve
me
food
and
drink
serve
the
people
heart
and
soul
全心全意为人民服务
serve
as
a
pilot
担任飞行员
service
n.
服务
be
in
service
=
be
in
use
provide
high
level
of
service
【随堂练习】
Chinese
medical
workers
provide
a
high
level
of
____________
(serve)
for
people
in
need.
(20江南二模)
Now
the
US
has
13
aircraft
carriers
in
all,
including
2
which
are
now
out
of
____________.
(serve)
(20天一三模)
Weibo
as
well
as
Wechat
____________
(serve)
as
a
media
platform
for
people
to
share
their
thoughts
without
limits
of
place
or
time.
(20水秀二模)
The
old
man
who
passed
away
devoted
all
his
life
to
____________
(serve)
in
the
navy.
(19省锡中9BU2错题)
上一届锡马提供了高规格的服务，运动员们都非常满意。
The
last
Beverly
Wuxi
Marathon
___________________________________
that
all
the
athletes
were
completely
satisfied.
(20天一三模)
这家酒店为被隔离的房客提供高水准的服务。
The
guests
who
were
isolated
could
get
___________________________________
in
this
hotel.
(20新吴模考)
那位顾客对我们的服务很满意，立即就办了张VIP卡。
That
customer
___________________________________
that
he
applied
for
a
VIP
card
at
once.
(20滨湖一模)
【原文再现】
In
1955,
he
became
a
test
pilot.
He
flew
over
1000
hours
and
tested
all
types
of
aircraft.
test
v.测试，测验
test
all
types
of
aircraft
测试各种类型的飞机
n.检验，测试
pass
the
test
通过了检测
a
monthly
test
月考
____________________有次关于……的月考
There
was
a
time
when
the
scientist
spent
an
hour,
one
day
a
week,
____________
(检验)
the
medicine.
(20港下二模)
Listening
to
his
useless
chatting
really
____________
(test)
my
patience.
I
won’t
chat
with
him
again.
(19省锡中9BU2错题)
【原文再现】
However,
on
their
way
back
to
the
Earth,
the
spacecraft
began
spinning
out
of
control.
control可作名词，常见搭配：____________在控制之中
____________在……的控制下
____________失控
____________控制……
____________无法控制
control也可作动词，意为“控制”。
过去式:
____________
过去分词:
controlled
现在分词：controlling
【随堂练习】
Since
COVID-19
has
largely
been
brought
________,
people
in
China
are
returning
to
their
work
in
an
orderly
manner.
(20港下二模)
A.
under
control
B.
under
way
C.
under
discussion
D.
under
treatment
---When
will
the
schools
open?
Children’s
online
courses
nearly
drive
me
mad.
---
As
soon
as
the
disease
____________
(control)
completely
next
month!
(20羊尖三模)
He
didn’t
even
tell
us
about
the
difficulty
he
had
____________
(control)
the
machine
at
that
time.
(20太湖格致6月)
The
experienced
captain
suggested
____________
(控制)
the
speed
of
the
ship
first
in
the
storm.
(18省锡中一模卷）
He
didn’t
even
mention
the
difficulty
he
had
at
that
time
____________
(control)
the
moving
train.
(18天一一模卷)
---事故是怎么发生的？---那辆长途客车碰巧失去了控制。(20天一四模)
---
How
did
the
accident
happen?
---
The
coach
___________________________________.
如果你能告诉我机器人已失控多久，那就太好了。（19年无锡市中考题）
It
would
be
great
if
you
can
tell
me
___________________________________.
【原文再现】
He
landed
the
spacecraft
Apollo
11
on
the
moon.
He
said
the
famous
words
“one
small
step
for
(a)
man,
one
giant
leap
foe
a
mankind”
as
he
stepped
out
onto
the
Moon’s
surface.
land
vi.
/vt.
____________
land
the
spacecraft
on
the
Moon
land
safely
安全降落
n.
陆地
on
land
在陆地上
take
off
起飞
n.
step
___________
We
heard
steps
outside.
It’s
tiring
to
climb
the
steps.
take
a
step
__________
We’re
taking
a
step
to
prevent
pollution.
He
took
a
step
towards
the
door.
step
by
step
__________
I’ll
explain
it
to
you
step
by
step.
vi.
__________
He
stepped
carefully
over
the
broken
glass.
step-stepped-stepped
step
out
onto…
跨出去到……上面
step
out
onto
the
surface
of
the
moon
【模拟真题】
1.
Look
at
these
footprints!
Someone
_____________
(step)
into
our
garden.
(18新吴区二模)
2.
China
_____________
(step)
into
a
stage
of
aging
society,
which
means
aging
problems
should
be
taken
into
serious
consideration.
(20省锡中三模)
3.
I
know
you
will
have
a
meeting
and
naturally
I
wouldn’t
want
to
________
too
much
of
your
time.
(20格致三模)
A.
take
up
B.
take
in
C.
take
on
D.
take
off
【原文再现】
They
collected
Moon
rocks
to
take
back
to
the
Earth
for
further
research.
further
(far-farther
/further-farthest/furthest)
adj.
_____________
go
abroad
for
further
study
_____________
take
back
to
the
Earth
for
further
research
_____________
【随堂练习】
1.
More
and
more
young
people
hope
to
have
a
_____________
(far)
study
abroad.
2.
The
room
was
quiet.
No
one
volunteered
any
_____________
(far)
information.
【模拟真题】
1.
Weather
to
wear
masks
in
public
in
the
future
is
well
worth
discussing
_____________.
(fur)
(20外国语二模)
2.
We
haven’t
reached
an
agreement,
so
we
need
to
have
a
_____________
(进一步的)
discussion.
(20水秀二模)
3.
相比出国进修，现在选择呆在国内比较明智。
______________________________________,
now
it
is
much
wiser
to
choose
to
stay
at
home.
(20天一四模)
【原文再现】
He
was
the
pride
of
the
whole
world.
pride
n.
_____________
the
pride
of
the
whole
world
He
is
the
pride
of
his
parents.
proud
adj.
_____________
He
was
proud
of
himself
for
not
giving
up.
be
proud
of
…
=
take
pride
in
…
以……而自豪
【随堂练习】
1.
Li
Tao
is
the
_____________
(骄傲)
of
our
school,
because
he
gave
a
big
help
to
the
homeless.
2.
The
boy
who
won
the
drawing
competition
is
the
_____________
(骄傲)
of
his
class.
3.
I’m
________of
my
father
and
he
is
________of
me.
A.
the
pride;
proud
B.
the
proud;
the
pride
C.
the
proud;
pride
D.
pride;
the
proud
【模拟真题】
1.
Most
people
are
never
________
of
the
process
they
have
made.
(20江南二模)
A.
proud
B.
afraid
C.
perfect
D.
personal
2.
There
is
an
old
saying,
“_____________
(proud)
goes
before
a
fall.”
(20外国语二模)
【原文再现】
In
the
past,
people
washed
their
clothes
by
hand.
by
hand
_____________
wash
their
clothes
by
hand
【模拟真题】
1.
端午节期间，奶奶更喜欢手工包粽子而不是去商店买。
Grandmother
would
rather
______________________________________
buy
some
in
the
shops
during
the
Dragon
Boat
Festival.
(20羊尖三模)
2.
在那个年代，书籍是靠手工制作的。(20无锡中考)
In
those
days,
books
______________________________________.
3.
如今越来越多的人习惯手工制作礼物，而不是去商店买。(20水秀二模)
Nowadays
more
and
more
people
______________________________________
instead
of
buying
them
in
the
shops.
【原文再现】
the
discovery
of
radium
镭的发现
n.
discovery
_____________
the
discovery
of
radium
镭的发现
v.
discover
_____________
Scientists
around
the
world
are
working
to
discover
a
cure
of
AIDS.
It
was
a
shock
to
discover
that
he
couldn’t
read.
【拓展】辨析invent和discover
【随堂练习】
1.
The
researchers
hope
their
new
_____________
(发现)
can
be
used
to
make
objects
that
are
difficult
or
impossible
to
replace.
2.
Do
you
know
who
_________
the
lamp
and
who
______
America
first?
A.
discovered;
found
B.
discovered;
invented
C.
found;
discovered
D.
invented;
discovered
3.
New
scientific
_____________
(discover)
are
being
made
every
day.
4.
镭的发现对我们的生活有很大影响。
__________________
radium
__________________________.
【模拟真题】
1.
Artemisinin
(青蒿素)
was
first
________
by
Chinese
scientist
Tu
Youyou
in
the
1970s.
(20新吴模考)
A.
invented
B.
created
C.
produced
D.
discovered
【原文再现】
It
was
brave
of
him
to
go
to
a
place
that
was
unknown
to
humans
at
that
time.
unknown
adj.
_____________
known
adj.
_____________
It
was
brave
of
him
to
go
to
a
place
that
was
unknown
to
humans
at
that
time.
know
v.
_____________
【随堂练习】
1.
Some
details
of
a
murder
mystery
happened
in
London
remain
____________
(未知的)．
【模拟真题】
1.
People
with
a
high
IQ
___________
(know)
how
to
deal
with
the
disagreement
,
perhaps
ending
it
in
a
humorous
way.
(20滨湖一模)
2.
Tom
lay
down
on
the
grass
and,
for
some
_____________
(know)
reason,
stared
to
count
stars.
(20天一三模)
3.
We
are
always
touched
by
these
_____________
(know)
people
who,
however,
are
making
contributions
to
our
society.
(20外国语二模)
4.
What
caused
the
accident
remains
_____________
(know).
We
need
to
do
more
research
on
it.
(20格致三模)
5.
Now
each
of
you
_____________
(know)
your
place.
So
don’t
depend
too
much
on
your
parents
and
work
hard
now.
(20天一四模)
【原文再现】
She
pushed
for
the
use
of
X-ray
machines,
which
are
not
widely
in
hospitals.
①widely,
副词，意思是________
English
is
widely
used
in
many
fields.
②wide,
形容词，意思是________
The
river
is
10
meters
wide.
③wide,
副词，意思是________
Open
your
eyes
wide.
with
the
door/eyes
________
(wide)
open
be
________
(wide)
used
【随堂练习】
近年来，智能手机已得到广泛使用。
Smart
mobile
phones
______________in
recent
years.
2.
English
is
________
used
in
everyday
communication
around
the
world.
(wide)
【模拟真题】
Rice
is
________
(wide)
planted
in
South
China.
The
people
there
like
rice
very
much.
(20南长3月)
【原文再现】
happened
to
find
a
natural
hybrid
rice
plant
that
had
many
advantages
over
others
sb.
happen
to
do
sth.
某人碰巧做某事
I
happened
to
meet
one
of
my
old
friends
yesterday.
sth.
happen
to
sb.
某人发生某事
Can
you
tell
me
what
happened
to
him
yesterday?
take
place表示“发生，举行，举办”，一般指________事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。happen指________发生，具有不可预测性
【随堂练习】
What
____________
(happen)
to
the
little
girl?
She
was
crying
sadly.
我碰巧坐在她旁边。I
__________________.
【模拟真题】
碰巧我读过那个故事，所以我能告诉他们事实真相。(18大桥模考)
I
the
story，so
I
can
tell
them
the
truth.
【原文再现】
happened
to
find
a
natural
hybrid
rice
plant
that
had
many
advantages
over
others
advantage
n.优势，有利条件
the
advantage
of
(doing)
sth.
做......的优势
have
many
advantages
????
??
others
比其他人有许多优点
Being
tall
gives
him
an
????
??
(优势)
over
the
other
basketball
players.
disadvantage
n.劣势
【随堂练习】
Living
in
the
city
brings
us
lots
of
________（优势）,
for
example,
the
fast
public
transport,
but
there
are
also
some
_________（劣势）like
pollution.
?One
of
this
car's
________
(advantage)
is
that
it
doesn't
use
much
petrol.
【模拟真题】
The
boy
had
already
lived
in
England
for
a
year,
_______
he
had
a
big
advantage
_______
the
other
students.
A.
so;
on
B.
but;
on
C.
so;
over
D.
and;
over
(20南长3月)
目前实践证明，中国的制度比起别国的制度有着很多优势。（20天一一模）
Now
practice
has
proved
that
the
system
of
China
others.
—
My
sister
is
very
nervous?????
???tomorrow's
job
interview.
—
I
think
her
rich
experience
will
give
her
an
advantage????
????others
for
the
job.（19外国语3月）
A.?about;
on
B.?will;
over
C.?about;
over
D.?for;
against
【原文再现】
his
achievements
have
increased
rice
production
by
20%—30%,
and
in
some
places
even
more
increase“增长，增加”可作及物或不及物动词。还可作名词。
The
population
of
this
town
has
increased.
increase
by
和increase
to
的区别
①increase
by+倍数或百分数表示增加了...倍或百分之....
②increase
to
+具体的增长后的数字表示增加到了...
【随堂练习】
The
population
of
this
town
has
_______（增长）by
5
percent.
The
______(increase)
population
is
one
of
the
largest
problems
in
the
world.
The
number
of
the
laptops
increased
________
5
million
this
year.?
A.?by
B.?in
C.?of
D.?to
4.
His
achievements
have
increased
rice
production
______
20%.?
A.?by
B.?in
C.?to
D.?at
【模拟真题】
—
The
prices
of
food,
clothes
and
houses
have
so
quickly
these
years.
—
So
they
have.
Life
becomes
harder.
(20省锡中一模)
A.
increased
B.
raised
C.
improved
D.
developed
2.
The
population
of
Asian
elephants
has
increased
from
170
_______
250
in
this
area.?(19硕放一模)
A.?to
B.?by
C.?of
D.?for
3.
The
number
of
the
students
in
Mary's
school_______
(increase)
every
year.
(19南菁一模)
4.
The
population
of
the
city
________?(increase)
by
2
million
in
the
past
ten
years.
【原文再现】
development
of
better
rice
plants
更优良水稻植物的发展
n.
development发展
v.培养;发展
培养好的阅读习惯
????
??
发展经济
develop
economies
developed
adj.发达的
发达国家????
??
developing
adj.发展中的
发展中国家????
??
【随堂练习】
The
fruit
and
vegetables
are
good
for
the
health????
(develop)
of
children.
中国梦是把人民聚集在一起和推进我们祖国快速发展的好办法。
Chinese
Dream
is
a
great
way
to
bring
people
together
and
our
own
country.
【模拟真题】
As
the
story
(develop),
the
truth
is
discovered
little
by
little.
(20天一一模)
The
company
offered
a
number
of
chances
for
teachers'
professional
________.(develop)(19外国语模考)
With
the????
??
(develop)
of
Xiong'an
New
Area,
more
than
180,000
jobs
can
be
provided
for
local
people.
(19辅仁模考)
Grammar
易混时态对比学习
一、一般现在时与现在进行时的对比
1.
用法不同
一般现在时：1.
表示经常性和习惯性的动作或存在的状态；
She
loves
English
very
much.
表示说话者的能力；
My
sister
can
play
the
piano
very
well.
客观事实名言警句；
The
sun
rises
in
the
east.
在时间和条件状语从句中代替将来时；
If
it
rains
tomorrow,
we
won’t
have
a
picnic.
表示交通工具出发或到达的时间，通常用一般现在时表示将来时
现在进行时：1.
表示说话时正在进行的动作。
We
are
listening
to
music
now.
表示目前或者是现阶段一直进行的动作。
I
am
writing
an
article
these
days.
与always,
often等频率副词连用表达强烈的赞扬、厌恶等语气
Daisy
is
always
doing
her
homework
carefully.
构成不同
现在进行时态
标志词：常与now，look，listen等连用。
句子结构：
1．be
+
动词现在分词（即：动词-ing形式），be
+
doing
是一个整体，不能分开。
2．be
随着主语的变化而变化，doing的变化规则根据现在分词的变化规律来定。
句型变化：
肯定句：主语+be+动词现在分词+其它。
否定句：主语+be+
not+动词现在分词+其它。
一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词现在分词+其它？
Yes,
主语+be
+动词现在分词+其它。
No,
主语+be+
not+动词现在分词+其它。
动词现在分词的构成规律
一般情况下,在动词原形后直接加-ing；
work→
working
do→
doing
play→
playing
以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing
dance→
dancing
come→
coming
在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）的动词中，要先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ing；
get→
getting
shop→
shopping
run→
running
swim→
swimming
forget→
forgetting
prefer→
preferring
以ie结尾的重读闭音节词，将ie改成y再加ing。
lie→
lying
die→
dying
一般现在时态
标志词：
常与频率副词always,
usually,
often,
sometimes,
seldom,
never等连用
常与表示经常的时间every
day,
at
8:30,
on
Sunday,
in
the
morning等连用
句子结构
主语+be+其它
主语+行为动词+其它(当主语是第三人称单数he;
she;
it时动词用第三人称单数)
主语+情态动词+动词原形+其它
句型变化
肯定句：主语+be+其它
主语+行为动词+其它
主语+情态动词+动词原形
否定句：主语+be+
not+其它
主语+do/does
not+动词原形+其它
主语+情态动词+not+动词原形
一般疑问句
Be+主语+其它？
Yes,
主语+be+其它
No,
主语+be+其它
Do/Does+主语+其它？
Yes,
主语+动词原形/动词第三人称单数+其它
No,
主语+do/does
not+动词原形+其它
情态动词+主语+动词原形+其它？
Yes,
主语+情态动词+动词原形+其它
No,
主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+其它
动词的第三人称单数构成规则
一般情况下在动词的后面直接加“s”；
work→
works
play→
plays
rain→
rains
see→
sees
visit→
visits
以o,
x,
s,
sh,
ch结尾的动词，在后面加“es”；
do→
does
fix→
fixes
guess→
guesses
wash→
washes
teach→
teaches
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把“y”
改为
“i”,
再加“es”；
fly→
flies
study→
studies
carry→
carries
不规则变化
have→
has
课堂练习
---
What
did
he
say?
(19省锡中巩固练习)
---
He
told
us
________.
A.
there
were
four
seasons
in
a
year
B.
light
travels
faster
than
sound
C.
how
can
we
get
to
the
People’s
Park
D.
great
changes
had
been
taken
place
here
recently
2.
---
May
I
go
to
the
cinema
with
Tom
tomorrow,
mom?(20天一一模)
---
Of
course,
if
your
homework
_________
by
then.
A.
will
be
finished
B.
finish
C.
will
finish
D.
is
finished
3.
Human
population
growth
will
be
probably
the
most
serious
problem
if
it
____________
(not
control)
properly.
(20惠山二模)
4.
Don’t
worry,
granny.
The
timetable
says
the
last
bus
____________
(leave)
at
9:05
PM
(20惠山二模)
5.
At
present,
the
number
of
people
with
COVID-19
in
the
USA
____________
(increase)
rapidly.(20惠山二模)
6.
为了帮助我们养成良好的学习习惯，王老师常鼓励我们要温故知新。(20惠山一模)
To
help
us
develop
a
good
learning
habit,
Mr.
Wang
often
___________________________________
what
we
have
learnt
before
learning
something
new.
7.
Not
only
the
UK
itself
but
also
other
European
countries____________(care)
a
lot
about
the
new
Era
of
Brexit
(脱欧新时代)
these
days.
(20省锡中二模)
8.
---
Have
you
seen
Mr.
Black,
a
tall
man?
---
Yes,
he
____________
(fix)
the
washing
machine
for
Granny
Li.
This
way,
please.
(20天一一模)
9.
As
the
story
____________
(develop),
the
truth
is
discovered
little
by
little.(20天一一模)
二、一般过去时与过去进行时的对比
1.
用法不同
一般过去时：表示过去发生过的动作或情况；过去经常、反复发生的动作；替代一般现在是表示委婉、客气等语气。
过去进行时：表示过去某个具体时间正在发生的动作；过去某个阶段正在做的事。
构成不同
过去进行时态
标志词：at
five
last
night;
at
this
time
yesterday;
when引导的时间状语从句;
while引导的时间状语从句等。
句子结构
was/were+
动词现在分词
句型变化
肯定句：主语+was/were+动词现在分词+其它。
否定句：主语+was/were+
not+动词现在分词+其它。
一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+动词现在分词+其它？
Yes,
主语+was/were+动词现在分词+其它
No,
主语+was/were
not+动词现在分词+其它
动词现在分词的构成规律参照
一般过去时态
标志词：表示过去某个时间的词或词组
yesterday;
the
day
before
yesterday;
last
night;
two
days
ago;
in
1999;
once
upon
a
time;
long
long
ago等
句子结构
主语+动词过去式+其它
句型变化
肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它(be动词过去式是was/were)
否定句：主语+was/were+
not+其它
主语+did+动词原形+其它
一般疑问句：Was/Were
+主语+其它?
Yes,
主语+was/were
+其它
No，主语+was/were
not+其它
Did+主语+其它？
Yes,
主语+动词过去式+其它
No,
主语+didn’t
+动词原形+其它
动词的过去式构成规则
一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加ed。
want→wanted
play→played
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加d。
hope→
hoped
live→
lived
重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。
stop→
stopped
ship→
shipped
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加ed。
study→
studied
worry→
worried
有些动词不符合上面的规则，需要特殊记忆。
am(is)→was
are→
were
go→
went
eat→
ate
swim→
swam
buy→
bought
see→
saw
teach→
taught
bring→
brought
think→
thought
fall→
fell
hurt→
hurt
break→
broke
win→
won
lose→
lost
课堂练习
Do
you
know
who
________
the
lamp
and
who
________
America
first?
(19省锡中巩固练习)
A.
discovered;
found
B.
discovered;
invented
C.
found;
discovered
D.
invented;
discovered
2.
---Will
Peter
come
to
the
party?
(20省锡中二模)
---No,
he
________
his
mind
after
a
phone
call
at
the
last
minute.
A.
changed
B.
changes
C.
has
changed
D.
was
changing
3.
---I
saw
the
light
of
your
room
was
still
on
at
one
o’clock
last
night.
(19天一期中)
---
Oh,
I
________
a
match
of
the
World
E-sports
Games.
watched
B.
have
watched
C.
am
watching
D.
was
watching
4.
I
____________
(ride)to
school
for
three
years
when
I
was
in
the
middle
school.
(20惠山二模)
5.
---
You
seemed
busy
just
now.
Have
you
got
a
minute
now,
sir?
(19天一初三期中)
---
Sure.
I
___________
(reply)
to
an
important
e-mail.
It’s
done.
So,
what’s
up?
6.
---
I
____________
you
here,
but
you
didn’t
come.
(20惠山二模)
---
I’m
terribly
sorry.
I
was
so
busy
that
I
forgot.
(expect)
三、现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较
1.
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对“现在”产生的影响。
如：
He
visited
Guilin
in
1998.
2.
现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语连用。
如：
Jill
has
bought
a
new
computer.吉尔买了一台新电脑。(着重点是现在有了一台新电脑)
3.
两种时态的区分
一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式，而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是“助动词have
/has
+过去分词”。
一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,
last
week,
two
years
ago,
in
2002等；现在完成时则常与just,
already,
ever,
never等副词和these
days,
this
week,
since...,
for...等段时间的状语连用。
【课堂练习】
---
Jack,
haven’t
seen
you
for
a
long
time!
Where
have
you
been?
(19新吴区期中)
---
Well,
I
________
in
Shanghai
on
vacation
for
two
months.
have
stayed
B.
stayed
C.
had
stayed
D.
was
staying
2.
---
Jack,
haven’t
seen
you
for
a
long
time?
Where
have
you
been?
(19省锡中巩固练习)
---
Well,
I
________
in
Shanghai
on
business
for
two
months.
A.
have
stayed
B.
stayed
C.
had
stayed
D.
was
staying
3.
---
Oh,
my
God!
I
________
you
were
in
Beijing,
too!
When
did
you
come?
(19省锡中巩固练习)
---
I
have
lived
in
Beijing
since
2015.
don’t
know
B.
didn’t
know
C.
haven’t
known
D.
wasn’t
known
4.
Not
only
his
parents
but
also
his
friend
to
Xiamen.
They
haven’t
come
back.(19天一初三期中)
A.
have
been
B.
have
gone
C.
has
been
D.
has
gone
5.
---
Hi,
Judy.
Have
you
graduated
from
college?
(16无锡中考)
---
Yes,
I
____________
(study)
in
Nanjing
University
for
four
years.
6.
---
Look!
Someone
____________
(break)
the
window.
It’s
so
cold.
(19省锡中初二期中)
---
It
wasn’t
me.
I
didn’t
do
that.
7.
Everyone
except
Peter
and
Andy
____________
(not
decide)
when
and
where
to
go
yet.
(19惠山初二期
中)
8.
---
Mr.
Smith,
why
are
you
still
waiting
here?
(20惠山二模)
---
Professor
Black
promised
to
attend
the
meeting,
but
he
____________
(not
appear).
9.
The
three
boy
students
Miss
White
paid
special
attention
to
____________
(make)
great
progress
at
last.(20惠山一模)
10.
---
Look!
Someone
____________
(tidy)
the
meeting
room
up.
(20省锡中二模)
---
Well,
it
wasn't
me.
I
didn't
do
it.
Having
spent
the
past
year
as
an
exchange
student
in
London,
Linda
____________
(appear)
more
experienced
than
her
age.(20省锡中二模)
---
Are
you
going
to
Hong
Kong
for
further
study
after
graduation?
(20天一一模)
---
Well.
I
____________
(not
decide).
I
may
make
some
other
choices.
