人教版（新课标）高中英语Unit2The Olympic Games Section Ⅰ Warming Up&Reading学案

Unit
2　The
Olympic
Games
　　　　　　　
Drugs
in
sports
Many
Olympians
failed
drug
tests
at
the
Olympic
Games.
Taking
drugs
in
sports
is
a
global
problem.
Some
people
ask,
“What's
wrong
with
Olympians
using
drugs
to
help
them
compete
better？”
They
say,
“Even
if
drugs
are
dangerous,
the
athletes
choose
to
take
the
risk.”
In
other
words,
athletes
should
have
complete
control
over
their
own
bodies.
There
are
several
problems
with
this
argument.
The
most
important
one
is
that
doping
(服用兴奋剂)
creates
an
unfair
environment.
Imagine
that
you
and
I
are
runners.
I
take
drugs
to
help
me
run
faster
and
I
win.
You
think
that
you
must
also
take
drugs
to
have
a
fair
chance.
One
can
easily
see
how
doping
would
soon
get
out
of
control.
If
you
start
doping,
I
have
to
find
a
way
to
keep
up.
Perhaps,
I
will
decide
to
take
more
drugs.
Maybe
I
will
look
for
different,
stronger
drugs
to
give
me
a
better
chance.
Both
of
us
would
continue
taking
greater
and
greater
risks.
Expand
it
from
Olympians
to
amateurs
(业余选手),
including
children.
You
may
be
thinking,
“Children?
Who
lets
their
children
take
drugs？”
We
all
know
parents
who
want
their
children
to
win
at
all
costs.
For
them,
there
is
no
coach
that
is
too
expensive;
no
amount
of
practice
that
is
too
much;
no
cost
that
is
too
great.
These
parents
might
let
their
children
take
drugs
to
improve
their
chances.
After
all,
they
might
have
a
career,
making
lots
of
money,
etc.
In
the
end,
of
course,
the
real
problem
is
not
the
doping.
It
is
the
win－at－all－costs
attitude.
With
the
high
value
placed
on
winning,
doping
is
unavoidable
(不可避免的).
We
can
test
athletes.
We
can
even
stop
them
from
competing,
but
we
will
never
clear
up
the
problem
until
we
change
our
attitudes.
开启快乐学习之旅
在金钱、名誉和国家荣誉的驱使下，有的运动员参赛时选择服用兴奋剂，所以“兴奋剂丑闻”这一敏感话题频频出现在奥运新闻中。很多人对此事极为鄙视，你怎么看待运动员服用兴奋剂的现象？
Section
Ⅰ　Warming
Up
&
Reading
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．compete
vi.
比赛；竞争
competitor
n.
竞争者
competition
n.
比赛；竞争
2．magical
adj.
巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的
magic
n.
巫术；魔术
3．volunteer
n.
志愿者；志愿兵；vt.
&
vi.
自愿
4．regular
adj.
规则的；定期的；常规的
regularly
adv.
规则地；定期地；常规地
5．basis
n.
基础；根据
6．admit
vt.
&
vi.
容许；承认；接纳
7．nowadays
adv.
现今；现在
8．host
vt.
做东；主办；招待；
n.
主人
9．responsibility
n.
责任；职责
10．replace
vt.
取代；替换；代替
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．take_part_in　　　　　参加，参与
2．stand_for
代表；象征；表示
3．as_well
也；又；还
Ⅲ.重点句式
1．what引导宾语从句
I
lived
in
what
you
call
“Ancient
Greece”
and
I
used
to
write
about
the
Olympic
Games
a
long
time
ago.
我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”，我曾经写过关于很久以前的奥林匹克运动会的事情。
2．It
is/was...that/who...
It's
in
the
Summer
Olympics
that
you
have
the
running
races,
together
with
swimming,
sailing
and
all
the
team
sports.
在夏季奥运会上才有赛跑、游泳、帆船和所有的团队体育项目。
3．not
only...but
(also)．..
Women
are
not_only
allowed,
but
play
a
very
important
role
in
gymnastics,
athletics,
team
sports
and...
女性不仅被允许参加，而且她们在体操、竞技和团体运动等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用……
4．as...as...引导的比较状语从句
There's
as
much
competition
among
countries
to
host
the
Olympics
as
to
win
Olympic
medals.
国家与国家之间争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。
课文预读
采访
帕萨尼亚斯是大约2
000年前的一位希腊作家，他于2007年3月18日作了一次魔幻旅行，来打听当代奥林匹克运动会的情况。现在他正在采访一位2008年奥林匹克运动会的志愿者李燕。
帕：我叫帕萨尼亚斯。我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”。我曾经写过很久以前奥林匹克运动会的情况。现在我来到你们这个时代，想了解有关当代奥运会的情况，因为我知道2004年奥运会是在我的祖国举行的。我可以问你几个有关现代奥林匹克运动会的问题吗？
李：天啊！你真的来自那么久远的年代？但是当然你可以问你想问的任何问题。你想知道什么呢？
帕：你们的奥运会多久举行一次？
李：每四年一次。奥运会主要有两种：冬季奥运会和夏季奥运会。这两种运动会按常规都是每四年举行一次。冬季奥运会通常在夏季奥运会的前两年举行。只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。选手可以来自世界上任何一个地方。
帕：冬季奥运会？冬天运动员怎么可能赛跑啊？又怎么可能赛马呢？
李：噢，不！冬奥会并不包括跑步和骑马比赛，但是有像滑冰和滑雪这类需要冰雪的比赛项目，所以才叫它冬季奥运会。跑步、游泳、划船和所有团体项目是在夏季奥运会上进行的。
帕：我明白了。你之前说邀请来的运动员来自世界各地。你指的是希腊世界吗？我们希腊各个城市之间曾经为了赢得荣誉而彼此竞争。别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！
李：现在只要它们的运动员达到了参赛的标准，任何国家都能参赛。总共有250多个运动项目，每个项目都有自己的标准。妇女不仅允许参加，而且还在体操、竞技和团体等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用……
帕：请等一下！所有那么多项目，所有那么多国家，甚至妇女也都参加！所有这些参赛的人住在哪里呢？
李：每届奥运会都有一个特殊的村庄(奥运村)供参赛的人住，一个主要的接待大楼，好几个供比赛用的体育场，还有一个室内体育馆。
帕：那听起来要花很多钱吧。会有人想承办奥运会吗？
李：事实上，每个国家都想抓住这个机会。被选中不仅要承担巨大的责任同时也享有极大的荣誉。国与国之间争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。2008年的奥运会将在中国的北京举行，你知道吗？
帕：是的！你们一定很自豪。
李：当然。在那之后2012年的奥运会将在伦敦举行。他们现在已开始筹划。在伦敦的东部将为运动员建立一个新的奥运村和所有的运动场。当然还会设计新的奖牌……
帕：你刚才说奖牌是吗？就连橄榄枝花环也被取代了！天哪！你们也为奖金而竞赛吗？
李：不，不是的。仍然是为了能够跑得更快，跳得更高，掷得更远。你知道，奥运会的口号就是“更快，更高，更强”。
帕：嗯，那是个好消息。很有趣！占用了你的时间，非常感谢。
课文理解
Ⅰ.课文判断正(T)误(F)
1．Pausanias
was
a
Greek
writer
about
2,000
years
ago
and
wanted
to
know
about
modern
Olympic
Games.(　T　)
2．We
hold
our
modern
Olympic
Games
every
two
years.(　F　)
3．The
Winter
Olympics
are
usually
held
two
years
after
the
Summer
Games.(　F　)
4．The
athletes
from
Greek
cities
used
to
compete
against
each
other
just
for
the
prize
money.(　F　)
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．Who
can
be
admitted
to
the
present－day
Olympic
Games?
A．All
the
athletes
from
all
over
the
world.
B．Athletes
from
the
Greek
world.
C．Athletes
who
can
reach
the
required
standard.
D．Athletes
from
the
developed
countries.
答案：C
2．Who
could
take
part
in
the
ancient
Olympics
in
Greece?
A．Greek
nobles.　　
　　
B．Greek
slaves.
C．Greek
women.
D．English
nobles.
答案：A
3．Which
word
can
best
describe
Pausanias'
feeling?
A．Disappointed.
B．Angry.
C．Sad.
D．Surprised.
答案：D
4．Which
of
the
following
events
is
NOT
in
the
Summer
Olympic
Games?
A．Running
races.
B．Ice
skating.
C．Swimming.
D．Sailing.
答案：B
5．Why
does
Pausanias
think
people
may
be
competing
for
money
in
the
modern
Olympic
Games?
A．Because
so
many
things
have
changed
in
the
Olympics
that
he
fears
the
spirit
of
Olympic
may
change.
B．Because
the
olive
wreath
has
been
replaced.
C．Because
the
winners
will
become
very
rich.
D．Because
a
new
village
will
be
built
and
new
medals
will
be
designed.
答案：A
Ⅲ.课文难句分析
1．Pausanias,
who
was
a
Greek
writer
about
2,000
years
ago,
has
come
on
a
magical
journey
on
March
18th,
2007
to
find
out
about
the
present－day
Olympic
Games.
[句式分析]　此句为复合句。who在句中引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Pausanias;
to
find
out
about
the
present－day
Olympic
Games是不定式作目的状语。
[自主翻译]　大约2_000年前的一位希腊作家帕萨尼亚斯穿越到2007年3月18日作了一次魔幻旅行，来打听当代奥运会的情况。
2．I've
come
to
your
time
to
find
out
about
the
present?day
Olympic
Games
because
I
know
that
in
2004
they
were
held
in
my
homeland.
[句式分析]　此句为复合句。to
find
out
about
the
present－day
Olympic
Games为不定式短语作目的状语，because引导原因状语从句，该从句中又含有that引导的宾语从句。
[自主翻译]　现在我来到你们这个时代，想了解有关当代奥运会的情况，因为我知道2004年奥运会是在我的祖国举行的。
1
(教材P9)How
many
countries
competed
in
the
ancient
Olympic
Games?
有多少国家参加了古代奥林匹克运动会？
(1)compete
in...　　　　在某方面竞争
compete
for...
为……而竞争
compete
with/against...
与……竞争
(2)competition
n.
比赛
competitive
adj.
有竞争力的
competitor
n.
比赛者；对手
[即学即用]
(1)Our
school
will
send
you
to
compete
in
the
election.
We
are
sure
that
you
will
be
more
competitive
than
the
other
competitors.
我们学校将派你去参加竞选。我们确信你比其他的竞争者都更有竞争力。
(2)The
students
competed
for
the
honour
of
winning
with
each
other
in
the
school
sports
meeting.
校运动会上，学生们为了比赛胜利的荣耀而竞争。
(3)Several
publishers
are_competing
in
the
same
market.
几家出版公司正在同一市场上进行竞争。
(4)The
young
tennis
player
has
often
competed
against/with
famous
players,
but
so
far
he
has
always
been
beaten.
那位年轻的网球运动员常与著名球员对抗比赛，可是到目前为止，他总是输。
(5)What
a
pity!
This
is
the
second
time
that
he
has_competed_for
the
gold
medal
and
missed
it.
真遗憾啊！这是他第二次竞争金牌，结果又失之交臂了。
2
(教材P10)There
are
two
main
sets
of
Games—the
Winter
and
the
Summer
Olympics,
and
both
are
held
every
four
years
on
a
regular
basis.
运动会主要有两种：冬季奥运会和夏季奥运会。它们都是每四年定期举行一次。
(1)on
a
regular
basis
定期的；例行的；有规律的
on
the
basis
of
在……的基础上；根据
(2)basic
adj.
基本的；基础的
basically
adv.
基本地；总的说来
(3)base
v.
把……放在基座上；以……为基地
base
oneself/sth.
on/upon
sth.
使……建立在……基础上
be
based
on
基于，以……为基础
[即学即用]
(1)He
never
received
the
Nobel
Prize,
because
his
theory
has
no
scientific
basis.
他从没有获得过诺贝尔奖，因为他的理论没有科学依据。
(2)Past
experience
indicates
that
it
is
difficult
to
do
well
in
this
course
if
you
do
not
attend
class
on
a
regular
basis.
过去的经验表明，如果你不持续上课，你很难把这门课学好。
(3)Based_on
(＝On
the
basis
of)
what
I
saw,
I'd
say
he
will
be
a
good
leader.
根据我所见到的，我认为他会是一个好领导。
(4)Basing
the
film
on
a
true
story,
he
successfully
moved
the
audience
to
tears.
把一个真实的故事拍成了电影，他成功地打动了观众们。
(5)The
book
written
by
my
father
follows
four
characters,
loosely
based_on
my
uncles.
我父亲写的那本书描述了4个角色，大致上以我的几个叔叔为原型。
3
(教材P10)Only
athletes
who
have
reached
the
agreed
standard
for
their
event
will
be
admitted
as
competitors.
只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。
(1)be
admitted
as...　　被接受为……
be
admitted
to/into
被准许进入……
admit
sth./doing
sth.
承认某事/做过某事
admit
that
承认……
It
is/was
admitted
that
普遍认为……
(2)admission
n．(学校、会场、俱乐部等)进入许可，
加入许可；承认，坦白；入场费
[即学即用]
(1)Up
till
now,
admission
to
college
is
by
exam
only.
If
you
cannot
pass
the
exam,
you
will
not
be
admitted
into
college.
到目前为止，进入大学只能通过考试。如果你不能通过考试，那么你就不会被大学录取。
(2)He
admitted
his
mistake
and
corrected
it
before
it
was
too
late.
他承认了自己的错误并且及时改正了错误。
(3)Our
football
team
decided
to
admit
him
as
one
of
the
members.
我们足球队决定接受他为本队队员。
(4)He
was_admitted_into
college
4
years
ago
and
next
month
he
will
graduate
from
college.
四年前他被大学录取，下个月他就要大学毕业了。
(5)Philip
openly
admitted
having
(have)
an
alcohol
(酒精)
problem
and
he
was
not
admitted
to/into
the
drivers'
club.
菲利普公开承认自己有酒瘾，因此没有被驾驶人俱乐部接纳为会员。
4
(教材P10)It's
a
great
responsibility
but
also
a
great
honour
to
be
chosen.
被选中不仅要承担巨大的责任同时也享有极大的荣誉。
(1)have/take
responsibility
for...
对……有/负责任
(2)responsible
adj.有责任的；应负责任的
be
responsible
for
sth./sb.
对某事物/某人负责
[即学即用]
(1)It
was
his
responsibility
for
foreign
affairs
that
gained
him
international
prestige.
他在负责处理外交事务的过程中赢得了国际声望。
(2)Smoking
is
responsible
for
many
causes
of
lung
cancer.
吸烟是许多人患肺癌的原因。
(3)The
teacher
said
he
would
take
full
responsibility
for
the
safety
of
his
students.
老师说他会对学生的安全负全责的。
(4)Global
warming
was
one
of
the
many
factors
(which/that_were)responsible_for
the
worst
flooding
in
decades.
全球变暖是造成这次近几十年来最严重的洪水泛滥的诸多因素之一。
(5)I
think
it
is
the
young
passenger
rather
than
the
driver
that
is
responsible_for
the
accident.
我认为是这位年轻的乘客而不是司机该对这次事故负责任。
5
(教材P10)So
even
the
olive
wreath
has
been
replaced!
所以就连橄榄枝花环也被取代了！
(1)replace
A
with/by
B　　用B替换A
(2)take
the
place
of
代替，取代(动词短语)
in
place
of
代替，取代(介词短语)
instead
of
代替；而不是(介词短语)
[即学即用]
(1)I'm
sure
nothing
can
replace
Mother's
love
and
care
in
the
world,
and
even
money
or
power
cannot,
either.
我确信世界上没有什么可以代替母亲的爱和关怀，甚至金钱和权力也不能。
(2)She
carefully
replaced
the
china
plate
on
the
shelf.
她小心翼翼地把瓷盘放回到架子上。
(3)The
tradition
of
giving
out
red
envelopes
is_being_gradually_replaced
by
digital
red
envelopes
that
are
distributed
on
mobile
phones.
给红包的传统正在逐渐被手机上发的电子红包所取代。
(4)With
industrial
robots
replacing
humans
in
more
and
more
jobs,
many
workers
begin
to
worry
about
their
future.
随着工业机器人在越来越多的工作中取代了人类，许多工人开始担心他们的未来。
(5)The
girl
looked
up.
In_place_of
tears,
there
was
the
beginning
of
a
smile.
女孩抬起头来看了看，逐渐破涕为笑。
1
(教材P9)Who
could
not
take
part
in
the
ancient
Olympic
Games?
谁不能参加古代奥运会？
take
part　　　　　　
　　参加
take
an
active
part
in
积极参加
play
an
important
part
in
扮演重要角色；起重要作用
[即学即用]
(1)He
takes
an
active
part
in
the
social
benefit
activities.
他积极参加社会公益活动。
(2)Friends
play
an
important
part
in
our
lives.
朋友在我们的生活中起着重要的作用。
(3)A
reception
was
held
the
other
day,
but
few
people
took
part.
几天前举行了一次招待会，但是参加的人不多。
2
(教材P9)What
do
the
five
rings
on
the
Olympic
flag
stand
for?
奥运会会旗上的五环代表什么？
stand
by　　　　袖手旁观；支持
stand
out
显眼，引人注目；突出
stand
up
起立；站得住脚
[即学即用]
(1)I
will
stand
for
you
whatever
you
decide
to
do.
无论你决定做什么我都会支持你。
(2)You
cannot
stand
by
and
allow
such
a
thing
to
happen.
你不能袖手旁观，听任这样的事发生。
(3)Her
bright
red
hair
made
her
stand
out
from
the
others.
她那亮红色的秀发使她格外显眼。
every＋基数词＋复数名词或every＋序数词＋单数名词，表示“每多少时间/距离或每隔多少时间/距离”
(教材P10)．..and
both
are
held
every
four
years
on
a
regular
basis.
……这两种运动会都是每四年定期举行一次。
every
other＋单数名词　　　每隔一……；每两……
every
few＋复数名词
每隔几……
[即学即用]
(1)We
have
a
reading
lesson
every
two
days.
＝We
have
a
reading
lesson
every
second
day.
我们每隔一天上一次阅读课。
(2)We
have
a
slide
show
every
other
week.
我们每隔一周观看一次幻灯片。
(3)He
stopped
and
turned
around
every
few
metres.
他每走几米就停下来向四周看一看。
I
lived
in
what
you
call
“Ancient
Greece”
and
I
used
to
write
about
the
Olympic
Games
a
long
time
ago.
我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”。我曾经写过很久以前奥林匹克运动会的情况。
what
you
call
“Ancient
Greece”是what引导的宾语从句，它在句中充当介词in的宾语。其中what又在句中作call的宾语，意为“……的地方”。
(1)In
1492,
Columbus
reached
what
is
now
called
America.
1492年哥伦布到达了现在被称作美洲大陆的地方。
(2)At
last
we
came
to
what
is
called
“Tibet”．
＝At
last
we
came
to
a
place
that/which
is
called
“Tibet”．
最后我们来到了被称为“西藏”的地方。
It's
in
the
Summer
Olympics
that
you
have
the
running
races，
together
with
swimming，
sailing
and
all
the
team
sports.
跑步、游泳、划船和所有团体项目是在夏季奥运会上进行的。
本句中It's...that...为强调句型。
(1)It
was
in
this
shop
that
he
bought
the
book
yesterday.
昨天，他正是在这家商店买的这本书。
(2)It
was
yesterday
that
he
bought
the
book
in
this
shop.
他是在昨天在这家商店买的这本书。
(3)Was
it
last
night
that
the
earthquake
occurred?
地震是在昨天晚上发生的吗？
(4)Where_was_it_that
the
23rd
Winter
Olympic
Games
took
place?
第23届冬季奥运会是在哪里举行的？
[名师点津]　until引导的时间状语从句可以用在强调句型中，其结构为It
is/was
not
until...that...。
(5)It_was_not_until_he_came_back_that
I
knew
the
truth.
直到他回来我才知道了真相。
Women
are
not
only
allowed,
but
play
a
very
important
role
in
gymnastics,
athletics,
team
sports
and...
妇女不仅允许参加，而且还在体操、竞技和团体等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用……
(1)句中“not
only...but...”结构意为“不仅……，而且……”，其中but后省略了also。
①The
British
and
the
Americans
not
only
speak
the
same
language
but
(also)
share
a
large
number
of
social
customs.
英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。
(2)not
only...but
(also)．..连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的人称与数遵循“就近原则”。
②Not
only
the
students
but
also
the
teacher
was
(be)
against
the
plan.
不但学生们反对这个计划，这个老师也反对。
(3)not
only...but
(also)．..连接两个并列分句，且not
only位于句首时，not
only所在的分句需使用部分倒装。
③Not
only
does
the
sun
give
us
light,
but
also
it
gives
us
heat.
太阳给我们提供光与热．
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．One
of
the
volunteers
(volunteer)
for
the
rescue
work
injured
himself
when
helping
others.
2．It
was
when
I
arrived
home
that
I
realized
I
had
left
my
key
in
the
office.
3．After
many
days'
voyage,
they
arrived
in
what
is
called
Africa
now.
4．Working
in
such
a
competitive
(compete)
industry,
I've
sometimes
thought,
“I
can't
do
this
any
more.”
5．I
can't
stand
going
(go)
out
in
rush
hours.
6．The
local
government
should
not
ignore
its
responsibility
(responsible)
or
turn
a
blind
eye
to
the
problem.
7．All
the
old
computers
in
village
schools
will
be_replaced
(replace)
with
new
ones.
8．News
came
from
the
school
office
that
Wang
Lin
had
been_admitted
(admit)
to
Beijing
University.
9．Taking
(take)
part
in
outdoor
activities
benefits
our
health.
10．Tom,
as
well
as
his
friends,
is
(be)
going
to
visit
the
exhibition
next
week.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．Apart
from
English,
he
has
a
good
command
of
Russian
as_well
(也)．
2．The
government
plans
to
bring
in
new
laws
forcing
parents
to
take_more_responsibility_for
(为……承担更多的责任)
the
education
of
their
children.
3．Not
only
Lucy
but
also
her
family
are_fond_of_travelling
(喜欢旅行)
around
the
world.
4．We
need_some_volunteers_to_rescue
(需要一些志愿者去营救)
the
trapped
workers.
5．Generally
speaking,
our
parents
hope
that
we
can
take_an_active_part_in
(积极参加)
outdoor
activities.
PAGE