中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Module
2
Experiences
模块小结
要点1
experience
（1）experience
作名词的用法
(1)经历，阅历（可数）
I
had
a
rather
odd
experience
the
other
day.前些天我有一次相当神奇的经历。
Please
tell
us
about
your
experience
in
Africa.请跟我们说说你在非洲的经历。
（2）经验
+of/in）（不可数）
She
had
no
experience
of
life
at
all.她毫无生活经验。
不可数名词
意为“经验”
He
has
rich
experience
in
teaching.他在教学上有丰富的经验。
可数名词
意为“经历”
My
uncle
has
many
unusual
experiences.我的叔叔有许多不寻常的经历。
【典例分析】
1.他有许多教学经验。
He
has
_________
________in
English
teaching.
【点拨】much
experience
经验不可数名词。
2.In
April，the
weather
in
some
places
in
Shanxi
was
really
changeable.
People
still
remember
they
have
four
seasons
in
a
week.（山西）
A.
organized
B.
experienced
C.
described
【点拨】此题用词义辨析法。organize
“组织”；
experience
“经历”；
describe
“描述”。根据句意“在四月，山西一些地方的天气真是多变。人们仍然记得他们在一周内 四个季节。”可知答案。
3.—Mrs.
Zhang
was
sent
to
teach
English
in
a
poor
mountain
village
last
year.
—She
said
she
would
never
forget
some
pleasant
while
working
there.
A.
experiments
B.
expressions
C.
experiences
D.
emotions
【点拨】C。句意：张太太去年被派到一个贫穷的山村教英语。-她说她永远不会忘记在那里工作时的愉快经历。A.
experiments
实验
B.
expressions
表达，表情。
C.
experiences
经历。这里可数名词。
D.
emotions
情绪。通过句意，选C
4.Our
journey
by
camel
was
_______.
A.
a
pleasant
experience
B.
an
experience
pleasant
C.
pleasant
experience
D.
experience
pleasant
【点拨】A
experience在这里作“经历”的意思。是可数名词。故答案选A。
要点2
another意为“又一个，再一个”。指三者或三者以上中不确定的另一个，其后跟可数名词单数。
例：Could
you
answer
me
another
question？你能再回答我一个问题吗？
【考点】“
another＋基数词＋名词”表示“再……”,
等同于“基数词＋more＋名词”。
例：We
wanted
another
three
books.
＝We
wanted
three
more
books.我们想再要三本书
辨析：another
,
other与the
other
（1）
another意为“另一个，又一个”，其后常接单数名词或代词，常用于三者或三者以上。
He
drank
another
glass
of
beer.
(2)other
意为“别的，其他的”。作形容词时后接名词，作代词时有复数形式others.
Only
Lucy
and
Tom
are
here.
Where
are
your
other
friends?
(3)the
other
表示已知的两个人或事物中的另一个，其后常接名词或代词。常见结构：one…the
other
She
was
driving
the
car
with
one
hand,
and
wiping
the
window
with
the
other.
注意：“another+数词+名词的复数形式”表示“再…..;
又…..”相当于“数词+more+名词的复数形式”。
May
I
have
another
two/two
more
apples?
特别注意：other
others
the
others
another的区别（口诀：有名无S，有the
有范围）
a，先记住这些搭配
one
…
the
other
一个……
另一个（两个）
one
….
the
others
一个…….另一些
some
…
some
….others
b，
another
在不定数中“再”“又”“别的”之意
c，
the
other
和the
others
表一定范围内另一个，另一些。注意文中有范围，相当“其余的”“剩下来的”之意。
d，others
和the
others后不接名词。
【典例分析】
1.—Shall
we
meet
at
8
o'clock
next
Sunday
morning？
—I
won't
be
free
then.
Let's
make
it
day.
A.
other
B.
another
C.
the
other
【点拨】A项作形容词时，意为“其他的”，后接名词，作代词时，意为“（二者之中）另一人或物”，常与定冠词the连用；B项意为“另一个，再一个”；C项意为“两个中的另一个”。根据答语可得出答案。
2.用another
/
other
/
others
/
the
others/the
other填空:
1）
I
have
two
friends.
One
is
Tom,
_____________
is
Mary.
【点拨】the
other
。one
…
the
other
一个……
另一个（两个）
2）
I
can
keep
the
book
for
a
month,
but
I’m
not
allowed
to
lend
it
to
_____________.
【点拨】others.
别人。无范围，泛指。
3）
I
can’t
work
out
the
fifth
question,
but
I
have
done
all
____________.
【点拨】the
others。其余的，剩下的。有the有范围。
4）
Lucy,
would
you
show
me
_____________
photo.
【点拨】another。another
在不定数中“再”“又”“别的”之意
5）
We
should
save
money
to
help
______________
poor
children.
【点拨】other。
后面有名词。且没有范围。故用other。
6）
Some
go
to
the
cinema,
________
go
shopping
【点拨】others。无名词后面一般用others表示泛指。
7）Where
are
my
________
books?
【点拨】other。不能用the。因为有my特指。
8）I
don't
like
the
dress,
could
you
please
show
me
_________
one?
【点拨】another。Another后面一般用名词单数形式。
在不定数中“再”“又”“别的”之意
9）Mary
has
two
kids,
one
is
a
teacher,
_____________is
a
doctor.
【点拨】the
other
。one
…
the
other
一个……
另一个（两个）
10）In
my
class,
only
the
twins
are
from
China,
____________
are
from
Japan
【点拨】the
others。The
others
表示有范围。剩下的，其余的。
要点3
enter
Enter用作不及物动词，意为“参加”，同take
part
in
多指参加考试、比赛等
【考点拓展】enter
还表示“进入”，相当于come/go
into
【典例分析】
1.When
we
tried
to
enter
the
house
,some
men
stopped
us
.（改为同义句）
When
we
tried
to
_______
_________
the
house
,some
men
stopped
us
.
【点拨】go
into
2.Jessica
said
she
wanted
to
______
the
competition.
A.
take
B.
enter
C.
take
part
D.
bring
【答案】B。
【解析】考查enter
a
competition“参加比赛”。Take
part
in
参加比赛，后面要用介词In。
要点4
invite
sb.to
do
sth.邀请某人做某事
invite
sb.
to
a
place
邀请某人去某地
例：He
invited
Mary
to
have
dinner.
他邀请玛丽吃晚餐。
【拓展】invite的名词形式为invitation“邀请函；请帖”，常与介词to连用。
例：Jane
received
an
invitation
to
a
party
just
now.
刚才简收到了一个聚会邀请函。
invite
的用法和延伸
其他动词不定式作宾语的结构
want
sb
to
do
sth.
tell
sb
to
do
sth.
expect
sb
to
do
sth.
ask
sb
to
do
sth.
wish
sb
to
do
sth.
encourage
sb
to
do
sth.
send
sb
to
do
sth.
advise
sb.
to
do
sth.
【典例分析】
1.Tony
hopes
he
will
win
the
writing
competition,
and
then
he
will
invite
Sally
（visit）around
the
world
with
him.
【点拨】invite
sb.to
do
sth。邀请某人做某事。故填不定式。
2.I
invited
her
together,
but
she
didn’t
agree.
A.
sing
B.
singing
C.
to
sing
D.
sings
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我邀请她一起唱歌，但是她不同意。邀请某人做某事：invite
sb
to
do
sth，后跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语，故选C。
要点5
have
been
to
的用法
have
been
to
去过某地，现在已经回来
have
gone
to
去某地了，现在还没回来
have
been
in
在某地待了多长时间，与时间段连用
1）has
/
have
been
to:
去过某地(表示经历)，人现在已回来，常与ever,
never，次数等连用。
I
have
been
to
Beijing
twice.
我已去过北京两次了。
2)
has
/have
gone
to:
去某地了（表示此人不在这儿），不能用于第三人称。
---
May
I
speak
to
Li
Tao?
我可以和李涛通话吗？
---
Sorry.
He
has
gone
to
Beijing.
很抱歉。他去北京了。
3)
has
/
have
been
in:
住在/
在，是延续性动词短语，可以与时间段连用。
He
has
been
in
Shanghai
/
for
ten
years.
\
since
he
worked
.
【典例分析】
1.用have
been
to，
have
gone
to，have
been
in填空
1.__________
you
ever_________
Mount
Emei?
2.I
__________Nanjing
since
two
years
ago.
3.
Mr.
Li
_______________Hong
Kong.
And
he'll
come
back
in
two
days.
4.-How
long
______
you
_______
Disneyland?
-
For
three
days
.
I
went
to
the
theme
park
last
Sunday
.
5.My
father__________
Guang'an
twice.
6.-Where's
Lucy?
-
She__________
a
restaurant
for
lunch.
7.Peter
__________Paris
for
five
months
【答案】1.
Have
been
to
2.
have
been
in
3.
has
gone
to
4.
have
been
in
5.
has
been
to
6.
has
gone
to
7.has
been
in
要点6
afford
afford为动词，意为“（有财力）买得起，付得起”。
例：The
girl
likes
the
handbag
very
much，
but
she
can't
afford
it.
这个女孩非常喜欢这个手提包，但她买不起
【考点】afford常接在can，
could，
be
able
to之后，表示担负得起（……的费用、损失、后果等），常用于否定句和疑问句中。
例：Many
people
can't
afford
a
new
house
now.
现在许多人买不起新房子。
【重点】afford
后面可以接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。
afford后跟动词不定式作宾语，can
afford
to
/
do
sth.:
有能力支付做某事\
buy
sth.:
买得起某物
例：The
family
could
not
afford
to
send
her
to
college.
家里没有足够的钱供她上大学。
【难点】afford
后面可以接双宾语，即afford
sb.
sth.“为某人提供某物”。
例：Reading
will
afford
you
much
pleasure.阅读会给你提供很多乐趣。
【典例分析】
1.—Some
children
can't
afford
necessary
stationery.
—Let's
donate
our
pocket
money
to
them.（扬州）
A.
buy
B.
buying
C.to
buy
D.be
bought
【点拨】afford
意为“（有财力）买得起，付得起”后面一般接不定式。故选C。
2.I
am
afraid
we
cannot
_______
to
take
a
taxi
.Let’s
go
by
underground
instead
.
A.
refuse
B.
afford
C.
forget
D.
fall
【点拨】考查词语辨异。首先要明确各单词意思才会有正确的选择。A.
refuse拒绝
B.
afford
买得起，付得起
C.
forget
忘记
D.
fall掉下，落下。根据题意选B。
3.I
can't
________
the
purse
for
it's
so
expensive.
A.
find
B.
afford
C.
cost
D.
spend
【点拨】B句意：我买不起这个钱包因为太贵了。
考查动词辨析。find发现；afford买得起；cost花费；spend花费；根据句意理解及后句for
it’s
so
expensive可知，这里表达的是“买不起”，空格前有can’t，所以这里直接用动词原形，表示“买得起”，故选B。
4.他太穷了买不起城市的房子。
He
is
very
poor
and___________________
a
house
in
the
city.
【点拨】can’t
afford
to
buy.
afford常接在can，
could，
be
able
to之后，表示担负得起.
5.Cars
are
so
expensive
that
only
the
very
rich
can______
to
buy
them.
A.
wait
B.
afford
C.
get
D.
have
【点拨】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
汽车是如此贵,
只有非常富有的人能够买得起它们。afford
to
do
sth.
负担得起……。
要点7
at
the
moment
【用法分析】at
the
moment
意为“此刻，目前”，相当于at
this
moment
.常用于一般现在时或现在进行时的句子。
【考点拓展】（1）at
that
moment
意为“在那时，在同时”=at
that
time
（2）at
any
moment
随时，在任何时候
（3）in
a
moment
立刻，马上
【典例分析】
1.-I
can’t
find
Jimmy
.Where
is
he
?
-He
______
in
the
garden
at
the
moment
.
A.
works
B.
will
work
C.
is
working
【点拨】C
at
the
moment
意为“此刻，目前”，相当于at
this
moment
.常用于一般现在时或现在进行时的句子。
要点8
be
different
from
Be
different
from
意为“与……不一样”
【考点拓展】the
same
as
意为“与……一样”
【典例分析】
1.Many
teenagers
don't
like
to
talk
with
their
parents.
But
I
am
them.
I
love
to
share
my
joy
and
sorrow
with
my
parents.
A．the
same
as
B.
different
from
C.
interested
in
D.
angry
with
【点拨】the
same
as“与……一样”；be
different
from“与……不同”；be
interested
in“对……感兴趣”；be
angry
with“生某人的气”，由句意可知选B。
2.
We
have
the
same
amount
of
apples
__________
they
do.
A.
from
B.
like
C.
as
D.
for
【答案】C
【解析】from意为“来自…”，like意为“像…”，为介词，其后接名词；as表示“像…”时是连词，引导方式状语从句，for表示“为了”，此处为“我们有和他们一样数量的苹果”。故选C。
3.
—Are
the
pictures
the
same?
—They
are
__________.
Picture
A
is
a
little
smaller
than
Picture
B.
A.
different
B.
different
from
C.
the
same
D.
the
same
as
【答案】A
【解析】根据下一句的“图A比图B小一点”可知，两幅图不一样。故选A。
4.
The
Earth
is
__________
the
Sun
in
size.
A.
like
B.
the
same
as
C.
different
from
D.
look
like
【答案】C
【解析】be
different
from意为“与…不同”，地球和太阳大小不用。故选C。
5.我和弟弟一样留有同样的短发。
I
have
___________
___________
___________
___________
my
brother.
【点拨】the
same
short
hair
6.他的衣服的颜色与我的不一样。
The
color
of
his
cloth
__________
_________
__________
________
【点拨】is
different
from
mine
要点9
ever为副词，表示“曾经；从来；在任何时候。”
Have
you
ever
won
any
prizes
before？
你以前曾经获过奖吗？
【重点】
ever表示“曾经”，常用于现在完成时的疑问句中，用以加强语气。可构成短语ever
since表示“自……起”。
例：--
Have
you
ever
spoken
to
a
foreigner？你曾经同外国人说过话吗？
--
Yes,
I
have.
–
No,
I
never.（否定回答用never）
【拓展】ever表示“在任何时候”，常用于否定句及条件句中。
例：Nothing
new
ever
happens
in
this
village.这个村子里至今不曾发生过新事。
If
you
ever
come
to
Beijing,
be
sure
to
let
me
know.如果你到北京来，务必通知我一声。
【典例分析】
1.—Anna，have
you
seen
China's
Got
Talent
—Of
course.
I
it
last
weekend.（咸宁）
A.
never；saw
B.
ever；have
seen
C.
never；have
seen
D.
ever；saw
【点拨】此题用语法分析法。由答语可知问句中应用ever，由last
weekend
可知是一般过去时。
2.
This
is
the
best
film
I
have seen.
A.
never
B.
ever
C.
once
D.
always
【点拨】B选B。考查副词辨析。句意:
这是我曾经看过的最好的电影。never意为“从不”;
ever意为“曾经”;
once意为“从前;
一次”;
always意为“总是;
一直”。故选B。
3.Have
you
________
visited
the
Great
Wall?
A.
ever
B.
before
C.
yet
D.
after
【点拨】A句意：你参观过长城吗?
考查副词。ever曾经（用于否定句和疑问句，放句中）；before在……之前；yet还（否定句和疑问句，放句末）；after在……之后；根据“Have
you
________
visited”可知此处现在完成时的疑问句形式，且位于句中，所以用“ever”，故选A。
要点10
before和ago
⑴
before在此处为副词，意为“以前”。before常用于现在完成时中，也可用于一般过去时中，通常位于句末。
例：He
has
never
seen
such
a
huge
stone
before.他以前从未见过这么大的石头。
before还可以用作介词或者连词，意为“在…之前”，可表示时间、位置、顺序等。
例：My
father
usually
goes
to
bed
before
9
pm.我爸爸通常在晚上九点之前上床睡觉。
Turn
off
the
light
before
you
leave
the
room.离开房间前关上灯。
⑵
ago为副词，意为“以前”，不能单独使用，通常用于一般过去时句子的末尾，“一段时间+ago”意为“….以前”。
例：Her
father
has
studied
French
before.她父亲以前学过法语。
Her
father
studied
French
3
years
ago.她父亲三年前学习了法语。
【典例分析】
1.Have
you
met
Mr
Li
?
A.
just
B.
ago
C.
before
D.
a
moment
ago
【答案】C
【解析】句意：你见过李先生吗？just刚刚，
ago以前，before以前，a
moment
ago一会前。before用于现在完成时，表示从过去某一时刻到现在。just,
ago,
a
moment
ago用于一般过去时。故选C。
2.
—Has
Jimmy
visited
the
USA______?
—No,
never.
He
is
going
there
next
summer
holiday.
A.
before
B.
ago
C.
after
D.
later
【点拨】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意:
——吉米以前参观过美国吗?
——不,
从未去过。他打算明年暑假参观。before以前,
用于现在完成时句末;
ago用于过去时,
在……之前;
after为介词;
later……之后,
故选A。
3.
I
visited
this
place
3________years
ago.
A.
before
B.
ago
C.
after
D.
later
【点拨】B
.
ago为副词，意为“以前”，不能单独使用，通常用于一般过去时句子的末尾，“一段时间+ago”意为“….以前”。
4.—Have
you
seen
the
film________？
—Yes,
I
saw
it
three
days________.
A.
before；ago
B.
ago；before
C.
before；before
D.
ago；ago
【点拨】A。before用于现在完成时，表示从过去某一时刻到现在。ago通常用于一般过去时句子的末尾，“一段时间+ago”意为“….以前”。
要点11
win为动词，意为“赢、获胜”，
例：We
are
sure
to
win
the
game.我们确信能赢得比赛。
【考点】辨析win和beat
①
win指在游戏、比赛、竞赛、选举中获胜，后常跟game，
race，
prize等表示“物”的词。
例：Tom
won
first
prize
in
the
writing
competition.汤姆在写作竞赛中赢得了一等奖
②
beat指在运动、比赛等中获胜，打败了其他人或其他队，后常跟somebody，
class等表示“人”的词。
例：They
beat
us
in
the
basketball
match
last
Monday.
上周一他们在篮球比赛中打败我们。
【典例分析】
1.在最后，我们获得了比赛胜利！
At
last，we
________
the
game！
【点拨】won
win意为“获胜；赢得”，表取得游戏、比赛
2.他竭尽全力击败他的朋友并获得了比赛的胜利
He
tried
his
best
to_________
his
friend
and
__________
the
game！
【点拨】beat
won
beat意为“打败”，打败某人或者某个集体.后面接“个体”“团队”。
3.Xu
Haifeng
________
the
first
gold
________
in
Olympic
Games
for
China.
A.
gets;
medal
B.
won;
symbol
C.
got;
prize
D.
won;
medal
【点拨】D句意：许海峰在奥运会上给中国队赢得了第一块金牌。gets得到；won赢，是win的过去式；got是get的过去式；medal奖牌；symbol象征，符号；prize奖品。根据句意可知，这里表示“赢得金牌”，故应选D。
4.Their
football
team
was
in
that
important
game.?
A.
won
B.
beaten
C.
failed
D.
beat
【点拨】B 本题考查动词辨析。句意:在那次重要的比赛中,他们的足球队被打败了。故选B。
5.
Did
New
Jersey
Nets________
Miami
Heat?
—No,
they
were________．
A．lose;
beaten
B．win;
lost
C．beat;
beaten
D．lose;
beat
【点拨】句意：——新泽西网队击败迈阿密热火了吗？——不，他们被打败了。考查动词和语态辨析题。win赢得，宾语一般是比赛或是比赛项目；beat打败，宾语一般是人或比赛的队伍。lose输掉（比赛）/输给（某人），有lose
to
sb.结构。根据句意，问句宾语Miami
Heat是球队，动词不可用win，可排除B项；lose做不及物动词时表示“输掉”，不可直接跟宾语，可排除AD两项。结合句意语境，新泽西网队没有击败迈阿密热火队，而是被对方给击败了。可知选C。
6.
He
did
as
his
teacher
told
him
and
________
first
place
in
the
exam.
A.
won
B.
beat
C.
lost
D.
win
【点拨】A。win指在游戏、比赛、竞赛、选举中获胜，
常跟game，
race，
prize等表示“物”的词。beat指在运动、比赛等中获胜，打败了其他人或其他队，后常跟somebody，
class等表示“人”的词
要点11
“one
of+the或其他限定词+形容词最高级+名词复数”指在某一范围内“最……之一”，该结构做主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
【典例分析】
1.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。
The
Changjiang
River
is
_______
________
________
_________
_________
in
the
world.
【点拨】one
of
the
longest
rivers
2.他是我们班最优秀的学生之一。
He
________
________
________
_________
_________
________
in
our
class
【点拨】is
one
of
the
best
students
3.
Teahouse
is
one
of
____________________________
plays.
A.
the
Lao
She’s
most
famous
B.
Lao
She’s
the
most
famous
C.
the
more
famous
D.
Lao
She’s
most
famous
【点拨】D
句意：茶馆是老舍的最著名的话剧之一。考查形容词最高级前面限定词的辨析。根据形容词最高级前面通常有定冠词the，如有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰，the要省略；再根据供选答案中的Lao
She’s名词所有格形式。故选D。
4.
One
of
the
best
plays
“Teahouse”
________________
still
popular
among
the
old
today.
A.
be
B.
is
C.
are
D.
was
【点拨】B句意：最好的戏剧之一“茶馆”今天在老年人当中仍然很受欢迎。考查主谓一致的辨析。根据one
of
+形容词最高级+名词复数+谓语动词但是形式。故选B。
要点12
【辨析】how
long;
how
often;
how
soon;
how
far
【典例分析】
1.
---______________
is
the
playground?
---It’s
about
7,000
square
meters.
A.
How
long
B.
How
large
C.
How
far
D.
How
much
【点拨】B句意：---这个操场又多大？---它是大约7000平方米。考查易混疑问副词辨析。根据how
long：意为（多长时间，指自始至终时间），询问（for/since引导的时间段）;How
large意为多大（提问面积）；how
far：意为（多远距离），询问（距离、路程）；How
much意为多少（提问不可数名词数量）；再跟句中的7000
square
meters，判断为面积。故选B。
2.
---_______________
do
you
brush
your
teeth?
---Twice
or
more
a
day.
A.
How
soon
B.
How
far
C.
How
long
D.
How
often
【点拨】D句意：---你多长时间刷一次牙齿？---一天两次或更多。考查易混疑问副词辨析。根据how
long：意为（多长时间，指自始至终时间），询问（for/since引导的时间段）；how
soon：意为（多久，指从现在起之后），询问（in
+时间段表示现在起之后时间）；how
often：意为（多长时间一次；多久一次），询问（动作发生的频率）；how
far：意为（多远距离），询问（距离、路程）；再根据twice
or
more
a
day为频率。故选D。
3.-___________
have
you
worked
here?
-For
just
one
month.
A.
How
often
B.
How
long
C.
How
soon
D.
How
much
【点拨】B句意“-你在这里工作了多长时间了？-仅仅1个月”。A.多久一次（问频率）；B.多长（问时间长短和长度）；C.多久（后接一般将来时，且用in+一段时间回答）；D.多少（问数量，后接不可数名词）。根据For
just
one
month“仅仅一个月”可知，问时间长短，用how
long，故选B。
4.
—______
did
you
sleep
last
night?
—Only
five
hours.
I
stayed
up
late
to
do
my
homework.
A.
How
soon
B.
How
often
C.
How
long
D.
How
much
【答案】C
【解析】
词义辨析。how
long
指时间或长度，意为“多长”；
how
soon
指时间“多久，多快”，常用于将来时；how
often
指频率，“多久一次”；how
much
指金钱“多少”。根据答语应为“多长”。
要点13
（1）Send
v.
派遣去；命令……去
China
send
many
people
to
work
in
Africa
every
year.
（2）send
sb.
sth.
或
send
sth.
to
sb.意思是“送给某人某物”。
Jim
sent
me
a
book
on
my
twelfth
birthday.
（3）send
sb.
sth.＝send
sth.to
sb.把某物寄给某人。
Please
send
me
a
book.
＝Please
send
a
book
to
me.
请寄给我一本书。
由send构成的短语：
send
for
派人去请
send
up
发射
send
out
分发
send
off
寄出
【典例分析】
1.去年男孩的父母把他送到一所特殊的学校。
The
boy's
parents
him
a
special
school
last
year.
【点拨】sent
to
2．—Where
is
Jenny?
—Oh，I
sent
her
________
some
bread
and
milk
in
the
supermarket.
A．buy
B．buying
C．to
buy
D.
bought
【答案】
【解析】句意：“詹妮在哪儿？”“哦，我安排她去超市买一些面包和牛奶了。”send
sb.to
do
sth.派遣某人做某事。它是固定搭配。
要点14
1.
across
“横过、穿过”，指从……的一边到另一边。含义与on有关。如：
1
I
swam
across
the
river.
我游过这条河（指从此岸到彼岸）
1
Let’s
help
push
the
cart
across
the
bridge.
我们帮着把车子推过桥吧。
2.
through
“穿过、通过”指穿过两边。是从空间较狭窄的一头穿到另一头。是从内部穿过，含义与in有关。如：
1
We
walked
through
the
forest.
我们穿过森林。
1
The
river
flows
through
the
city
from
west
to
east.
这条河从西到东流过城市。
3.
over“横过、跨越”指横过道路、河流等“细长物”时，与across通用。over
虽可指从表面的接触及跳（飞）越，但指渡过则不能用。从房间、原野、海洋等“平面延伸”的一端横越到另一端时也不能使用。而常用across.
1
She
went
across
/
over
the
bridge.
1
He
jumped
across
/
over
the
stream他跳过了小溪。
1
She
swam
across
the
straight
of
Dover.她游过了多佛尔海峡。
1
They
drove
across
the
desert.
他们驶过沙漠。
另外，over作介词还有“翻过……”的意思，如：climb
over
the
mountain
翻过那座山。
【典例分析】
1.The
post
office
is
just
____
the
street.
A.
over
B.
through
C.
across
D.
cross
【点拨】C
在。。对面。
2.
If
you
____
the
street,
you’ll
get
there.
A.
over
B.
through
C.
across
D.
cross
【点拨】B
穿过街道。用through。
3.
---Look,
a
blind
man
is
in
the
middle
of
the
street.
It’s
too
dangerous.
---Let’s
go
and
help
him
go
______________
the
road.
A.
through
B.
past
C.
across
D.
over
【点拨】C句意：---快看，一位盲人正站在街道中间。那时很危险的。---让我们去帮助他过马路吧。考查易混介词辨析。根据用法across：强调“通过、穿过”地点的平面或表面。through：强调“通过、穿过“立体空间的内部。past：强调“绕过，在旁边经过”。over：强调“跨过、越过或翻越而过”。再根据句中地点street为平面表面。故选C。
要点15
1.?
?邀请某人做某事
2.??演讲比赛
3.
?考虑
4.??编造
5.?停止做某事
???
6.?一等奖
7.??此时，现在
8.
.例如
9.??要去某人做某事
10.?环游世界
11.?
?一个十五岁的男孩
12.?一双
13.?
?与.......不同
?
?
14.?倒数，倒计时
15.?把某人送去做某事
16.?参加竞赛
17剩余的
18.到目前为止
19期待做某事
20.而且
【答案】1.invite?sb
to
do
sth
2.
speaking?competition
3.
?think
about
4.
make
up
5.
stop
doing
sth
6.?the
first
prize
7.at
the
moment
8.
?for
example
?
9.
ask
sb
to
do
sth
10.
travel
around
the
world
11.
a
fifteen-year-old
boy
12.
a
pair
of
?
13.
be
different
from
14.
?count
down
15.
send
sb
to
do
sth
?
16.
enter
a
competition
17.
.?the
rest
of
?
18.
so
far
19.
.look
forward
to
doing
sth.
20.what'
s
more
1.构成
现在完成时是由“助动词have(has）+动词的过去分词”构成
2.用法
（1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在产生了某种影响或造成了某种结果。句中常有just,
already,
yet等副词修饰。(注意与一般过去时的区别)
Have
you
had
lunch
yet?
你已经吃过午饭了吗？
Yes,
I
have.
I’ve
just
had
it.
是的，我刚刚吃过。
（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，也可能仍然在进行。句中常有for（+时间段）或since（+时间点）引导的表示时间的状语。（注意与现在进行时态和过去进行时态的区别）
He
has
taught
here
since
1981.
（3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经历，一般意为汉语“.......过”，常带有twice,
ever,
never，three
times等时间状语。
I
have
been
to
Beijing
twice.我去过北京两次。
just
刚刚
肯定句，have/has
后
never
从来没有
否定句，have/has
后
ever
曾经
疑问句，have/has
+主语+ever+过去分词
before
用于句末
yet
仍然
用于疑问句，否定句句末，或not之后
already
已经
肯定句，have/has
后或句末
so
far
到目前为止
句首或句末
【语法练习】
1、用just,
already,
yet,
ever填空。
1.Have
you
been
to
Japan?
1.I
have
finished
my
homework.
1.I
have
finished
my
homework
.
1.I
haven’t
finished
my
homework
.
【答案】1.ever
2.already
/just
3.already
4.yet
二、选择题
1.—Mum,
I
want
to
watch
the
news
about
our
school.
Change
the
channel,
please!（2020江苏镇江）
—What
a
pity!
It
is
eight
o'clock
now.
It___________
for
a
while.
A.
has
been
over
B.
was
over
C.
has
finished
D.
finished
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——妈妈，我想看我们学校的新闻。请换频道！——真遗憾！现在是八点钟。它已经结束一段时间了。
考查动词时态。has
been
over已经结束了，现在完成时；was
over结束了，一般过去时；has
finished已经结束了，现在完成时；finished结束，一般过去时。根据语境可知，学校新闻已经结束了，这件事对“现在不能观看了”产生了影响，故应为现在完成时，故排除B、D两项。另句中for
a
while表示一段时间，与现在完成时连用时，应用延续性动词，而动词finish为瞬时性动词，不能在现在完成时中与一段时间连用，故排除C项。be
over表示延续性动作，可在现在完成时中与时间段连用，即has
been
over。故选A。
2.—It's
ten
years
since
we
came
here（2019，安徽卷）
—How
time
flies!
We
____
in
China
for
so
long.
A.
work
B.
worked
C.
will
work
D.
have
worked
【答案】D
【解析】句意：-自从我们来到这里已经有10年了。-时间过得真快啊！我们在中国工作了这么长时间了。work工作，动词原形；worked工作，一般过去时；will
work一般将来时；have
worked现在完成时。根据对话的情景以及句中的时间状语for
so
long可知，这里表示从过去一直持续到现在的一个动作，应用现在完成时，故选D。
3
—
The
room
is
very
clean.
Who
__________?
（2019·西宁中考）
A.
cleaned
B.
have
cleaned
C.
has
cleaned
D.
will
clean
【答案】C
【解析】现在完成时的基本用法：表示过去的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。“房间很干净，”这是现在的结果。是由“clean”这个动作产生的。Clean
这个动作是过去发生的，但结果是现在房间是干净的。所以要用现在完成时态。考查现在完成时最基本的定义。Who
做主语，用单数。
4.
Have
you
ever
_________to
the
Great
Wall?
It’s
very
beautiful.
A.
gone
B.
been
C.
went
D.
go
【答案】B
【解析】have
been
to
去过某地，
have
gone
to
去了某地。（不再说话的地方）故用：have
gone
to
三、完成句子
1.—
杰克已经买了新手机吗？(yet)
—
没，他还没买新手机。(yet)
【答案】
Has
Jack
bought
a
new
mobile
phone
yet?
No.
He
hasn’t
bought
a
new
one
yet.
2.
你曾参观过博物馆吗?(ever)
—
没，我没有。我从未参观过博物馆。(never)
【答案】Have
you
ever
visited
the
museum
yet?
No,
I
haven’t.
I
have
never
visited
the
museum.
3.
—
你曾在图书馆借过书没有？(ever)
—
有啊，我借过。我已借了三次了。(already)
【答案】Have
you
ever
borrowed
books
from
your
library?
Yes,
I
have.
I
have
ever
borrowed
books
3
times.
4.他已经找到他的自行车了。
【答案】
He
has
already
found
his
bicycle.
5.
你曾经去过北京吗？
【答案】
Have
you
ever
been
to
Beijing?
话题二：谈论个人经历
本模块的话题是“过去的经历”。在具体的写作中,学生应做到以下几点:
1.能描述经历过的事情;
2.能恰当运用逻辑词,使文章层次更清晰;
3.能运用现在完成时写作。
词汇积累
dream梦想
afford买得起
invite邀请
tower
塔
experience
经历;经验
unforgettable
难忘的
wonderful
精彩的
all
over
the
world全世界
find
out发现;揭发
look
forward
to展望;期待
be
interested
in
对……感兴趣
have
a
dream有一个梦想
take
a
bus乘公交车
can’t
help
doing
sth.禁不住做某事
in
a
word总之
句式积累
1.Everyone
has
some
unforgettable
experiences.每个人都有一些难忘的经历。
2.I’ll
never
forget
the
first
time
I
entered
a
singing
competition.
我绝不会忘记我第一次参加歌唱比赛的情景。
3.I’m
so
glad
to
share
my
travelling
experiences
with
you
all.
我很高兴与你们分享我的旅游经历。
4.There
are
so
many
places
to
visit
in
China.在中国有许多能游览的地方。
5.There
is
only
one
thing
in
my
mind
that
I’ll
always
remember.
只有一件事情我总记在我的脑海里。
6.She
has
never
been
to
Beijing
before.她以前从没有去过北京。
7.I
hope
I
can
have
a
chance
to
go
there
one
day.我希望有一天我能有机会去那儿。
8.I’ve
always
wanted
to
travel
all
over
the
world.我总是想环游世界。
【实战演练】
请你根据以下所给的提示内容，以“My
holiday
in
Beijing”为题，介绍一下游览北京的经历。80词左右。
提示：
1．北京在中国的北方，是中国的首都，每年有许多游客来此旅游。
2．去过北京多次。
3．爬过长城，去过颐和园(the
Summer
Palace)和故宫(the
Palace
Museum)，尝过北京烤鸭。
4．拍了许多照片，与外国人用英语交谈过。
My
holiday
in
Beijing
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My
holiday
in
Beijing
Beijing
is
in
the
north
of
China.
It
is
the
capital
of
China.
Thousands
of
people
visit
it
every
year.
I
have
been
to
Beijing
many
times.
I
have
climbed
the
Great
Wall,
visited
the
Summer
Palace
and
the
Palace
Museum.
I
have
tasted
Beijing
duck,
too.
It's
very
delicious.
We
have
taken
lots
of
photos
in
Beijing.
And
I
have
talked
to
foreigners
in
English
there.
I
think
it's
helpful
to
my
English
study.
Beijing
is
a
beautiful
and
old
city.
I
am
proud
of
Beiji
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句。
口诀记忆
时间点前before领，时间段后ago跟。
how
long
1.
表示多长时间，与延续性动词连用,主要用来对一段时间(如three
days,
four
weeks
等)提问。常用“for+一段时间”和“since+时间点”
回答.
A：How
long
does
it
take
to
get
to
London
from
here?
从这里到伦敦要多长时间?
B：At
least
ten
hours.
至少要10个小时。
2.
表示某东西有多长。
A：How
long
is
the
river?
这条河有多长？
B：About
500
km.
大约500千米。
how
often
how
often用来提问某动作或状态发生的频率，即问某人在一段时间内做某事做了几次,对频度副词或状语(always，usually，
often，
never或twice
a
day,
once
a
week,
,three
times
a
month
等)提问。
【注】用英语表示多少次，除了一次（once）和两次(twice)外,?其他都用基数词+times来表示，三次
“three
times”,五次
“five
times”。
A：How
often
does
he
come
here?
他(每隔)多久来一次?
B：Once
a
month.
每月一次。
how
soon
how
soon
指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(如：in
an
hour,
in
two
weeks
等)提问。
A：How
soon
will
he
be
back?
他要多久才回来?
B：In
an
hour.
1
小时以后。
how
far
how
far意思是“多远”，对距离提问时用。
--How
far
is
it
from
you
home
to
your
school
?
从你家到学校有多远呢？
--About
two
kilometers.大概2千米。
across、through和over
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Module
2
Experiences
模块小结
要点1
experience
（1）experience
作名词的用法
(1)经历，阅历（可数）
I
had
a
rather
odd
experience
the
other
day.前些天我有一次相当神奇的经历。
Please
tell
us
about
your
experience
in
Africa.请跟我们说说你在非洲的经历。
（2）经验
+of/in）（不可数）
She
had
no
experience
of
life
at
all.她毫无生活经验。
不可数名词
意为“经验”
He
has
rich
experience
in
teaching.他在教学上有丰富的经验。
可数名词
意为“经历”
My
uncle
has
many
unusual
experiences.我的叔叔有许多不寻常的经历。
【典例分析】
1.他有许多教学经验。
He
has
_________
________in
English
teaching.
2.In
April，the
weather
in
some
places
in
Shanxi
was
really
changeable.
People
still
remember
they
have
four
seasons
in
a
week.（山西）
A.
organized
B.
experienced
C.
described
3.—Mrs.
Zhang
was
sent
to
teach
English
in
a
poor
mountain
village
last
year.
—She
said
she
would
never
forget
some
pleasant
while
working
there.
A.
experiments
B.
expressions
C.
experiences
D.
emotions
4.Our
journey
by
camel
was
_______.
A.
a
pleasant
experience
B.
an
experience
pleasant
C.
pleasant
experience
D.
experience
pleasant
要点2
another意为“又一个，再一个”。指三者或三者以上中不确定的另一个，其后跟可数名词单数。
例：Could
you
answer
me
another
question？你能再回答我一个问题吗？
【考点】“
another＋基数词＋名词”表示“再……”,
等同于“基数词＋more＋名词”。
例：We
wanted
another
three
books.
＝We
wanted
three
more
books.我们想再要三本书
辨析：another
,
other与the
other
（1）
another意为“另一个，又一个”，其后常接单数名词或代词，常用于三者或三者以上。
He
drank
another
glass
of
beer.
(2)other
意为“别的，其他的”。作形容词时后接名词，作代词时有复数形式others.
Only
Lucy
and
Tom
are
here.
Where
are
your
other
friends?
(3)the
other
表示已知的两个人或事物中的另一个，其后常接名词或代词。常见结构：one…the
other
She
was
driving
the
car
with
one
hand,
and
wiping
the
window
with
the
other.
注意：“another+数词+名词的复数形式”表示“再…..;
又…..”相当于“数词+more+名词的复数形式”。
May
I
have
another
two/two
more
apples?
特别注意：other
others
the
others
another的区别（口诀：有名无S，有the
有范围）
a，先记住这些搭配
one
…
the
other
一个……
另一个（两个）
one
….
the
others
一个…….另一些
some
…
some
….others
b，
another
在不定数中“再”“又”“别的”之意
c，
the
other
和the
others
表一定范围内另一个，另一些。注意文中有范围，相当“其余的”“剩下来的”之意。
d，others
和the
others后不接名词。
【典例分析】
1.—Shall
we
meet
at
8
o'clock
next
Sunday
morning？
—I
won't
be
free
then.
Let's
make
it
day.
A.
other
B.
another
C.
the
other
2.用another
/
other
/
others
/
the
others/the
other填空:
1）
I
have
two
friends.
One
is
Tom,
_____________
is
Mary.
2）
I
can
keep
the
book
for
a
month,
but
I’m
not
allowed
to
lend
it
to
_____________.
3）
I
can’t
work
out
the
fifth
question,
but
I
have
done
all
____________.
4）
Lucy,
would
you
show
me
_____________
photo.
5）
We
should
save
money
to
help
______________
poor
children.
6）
Some
go
to
the
cinema,
________
go
shopping
7）Where
are
my
________
books?
8）I
don't
like
the
dress,
could
you
please
show
me
_________
one?
9）Mary
has
two
kids,
one
is
a
teacher,
_____________is
a
doctor.
10）In
my
class,
only
the
twins
are
from
China,
____________
are
from
Japan
要点3
enter
Enter用作不及物动词，意为“参加”，同take
part
in
多指参加考试、比赛等
【考点拓展】enter
还表示“进入”，相当于come/go
into
【典例分析】
1.When
we
tried
to
enter
the
house
,some
men
stopped
us
.（改为同义句）
When
we
tried
to
_______
_________
the
house
,some
men
stopped
us
.
2.Jessica
said
she
wanted
to
______
the
competition.
A.
take
B.
enter
C.
take
part
D.
bring
要点4
invite
sb.to
do
sth.邀请某人做某事
invite
sb.
to
a
place
邀请某人去某地
例：He
invited
Mary
to
have
dinner.
他邀请玛丽吃晚餐。
【拓展】invite的名词形式为invitation“邀请函；请帖”，常与介词to连用。
例：Jane
received
an
invitation
to
a
party
just
now.
刚才简收到了一个聚会邀请函。
invite
的用法和延伸
其他动词不定式作宾语的结构
want
sb
to
do
sth.
tell
sb
to
do
sth.
expect
sb
to
do
sth.
ask
sb
to
do
sth.
wish
sb
to
do
sth.
encourage
sb
to
do
sth.
send
sb
to
do
sth.
advise
sb.
to
do
sth.
【典例分析】
1.Tony
hopes
he
will
win
the
writing
competition,
and
then
he
will
invite
Sally
（visit）around
the
world
with
him.
2.I
invited
her
together,
but
she
didn’t
agree.
A.
sing
B.
singing
C.
to
sing
D.
sings
要点5
have
been
to
的用法
have
been
to
去过某地，现在已经回来
have
gone
to
去某地了，现在还没回来
have
been
in
在某地待了多长时间，与时间段连用
1）has
/
have
been
to:
去过某地(表示经历)，人现在已回来，常与ever,
never，次数等连用。
I
have
been
to
Beijing
twice.
我已去过北京两次了。
2)
has
/have
gone
to:
去某地了（表示此人不在这儿），不能用于第三人称。
---
May
I
speak
to
Li
Tao?
我可以和李涛通话吗？
---
Sorry.
He
has
gone
to
Beijing.
很抱歉。他去北京了。
3)
has
/
have
been
in:
住在/
在，是延续性动词短语，可以与时间段连用。
He
has
been
in
Shanghai
/
for
ten
years.
\
since
he
worked
.
【典例分析】
1.用have
been
to，
have
gone
to，have
been
in填空
1.__________
you
ever_________
Mount
Emei?
2.I
__________Nanjing
since
two
years
ago.
3.
Mr.
Li
_______________Hong
Kong.
And
he'll
come
back
in
two
days.
4.-How
long
______
you
_______
Disneyland?
-
For
three
days
.
I
went
to
the
theme
park
last
Sunday
.
5.My
father__________
Guang'an
twice.
6.-Where's
Lucy?
-
She__________
a
restaurant
for
lunch.
7.Peter
__________Paris
for
five
months
要点6
afford
afford为动词，意为“（有财力）买得起，付得起”。
例：The
girl
likes
the
handbag
very
much，
but
she
can't
afford
it.
这个女孩非常喜欢这个手提包，但她买不起
【考点】afford常接在can，
could，
be
able
to之后，表示担负得起（……的费用、损失、后果等），常用于否定句和疑问句中。
例：Many
people
can't
afford
a
new
house
now.
现在许多人买不起新房子。
【重点】afford
后面可以接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。
afford后跟动词不定式作宾语，can
afford
to
/
do
sth.:
有能力支付做某事\
buy
sth.:
买得起某物
例：The
family
could
not
afford
to
send
her
to
college.
家里没有足够的钱供她上大学。
【难点】afford
后面可以接双宾语，即afford
sb.
sth.“为某人提供某物”。
例：Reading
will
afford
you
much
pleasure.阅读会给你提供很多乐趣。
【典例分析】
1.—Some
children
can't
afford
necessary
stationery.
—Let's
donate
our
pocket
money
to
them.（扬州）
A.
buy
B.
buying
C.to
buy
D.be
bought
2.I
am
afraid
we
cannot
_______
to
take
a
taxi
.Let’s
go
by
underground
instead
.
A.
refuse
B.
afford
C.
forget
D.
fall
3.I
can't
________
the
purse
for
it's
so
expensive.
A.
find
B.
afford
C.
cost
D.
spend
4.他太穷了买不起城市的房子。
He
is
very
poor
and___________________
a
house
in
the
city.
5.Cars
are
so
expensive
that
only
the
very
rich
can______
to
buy
them.
A.
wait
B.
afford
C.
get
D.
have
要点7
at
the
moment
【用法分析】at
the
moment
意为“此刻，目前”，相当于at
this
moment
.常用于一般现在时或现在进行时的句子。
【考点拓展】（1）at
that
moment
意为“在那时，在同时”=at
that
time
（2）at
any
moment
随时，在任何时候
（3）in
a
moment
立刻，马上
【典例分析】
1.-I
can’t
find
Jimmy
.Where
is
he
?
-He
______
in
the
garden
at
the
moment
.
A.
works
B.
will
work
C.
is
working
要点8
be
different
from
Be
different
from
意为“与……不一样”
【考点拓展】the
same
as
意为“与……一样”
【典例分析】
1.Many
teenagers
don't
like
to
talk
with
their
parents.
But
I
am
them.
I
love
to
share
my
joy
and
sorrow
with
my
parents.
A．the
same
as
B.
different
from
C.
interested
in
D.
angry
with
2.
We
have
the
same
amount
of
apples
__________
they
do.
A.
from
B.
like
C.
as
D.
for
3.
—Are
the
pictures
the
same?
—They
are
__________.
Picture
A
is
a
little
smaller
than
Picture
B.
A.
different
B.
different
from
C.
the
same
D.
the
same
as
4.
The
Earth
is
__________
the
Sun
in
size.
A.
like
B.
the
same
as
C.
different
from
D.
look
like
5.我和弟弟一样留有同样的短发。
I
have
___________
___________
___________
___________
my
brother.
6.他的衣服的颜色与我的不一样。
The
color
of
his
cloth
__________
_________
__________
________
要点9
ever为副词，表示“曾经；从来；在任何时候。”
Have
you
ever
won
any
prizes
before？
你以前曾经获过奖吗？
【重点】
ever表示“曾经”，常用于现在完成时的疑问句中，用以加强语气。可构成短语ever
since表示“自……起”。
例：--
Have
you
ever
spoken
to
a
foreigner？你曾经同外国人说过话吗？
--
Yes,
I
have.
–
No,
I
never.（否定回答用never）
【拓展】ever表示“在任何时候”，常用于否定句及条件句中。
例：Nothing
new
ever
happens
in
this
village.这个村子里至今不曾发生过新事。
If
you
ever
come
to
Beijing,
be
sure
to
let
me
know.如果你到北京来，务必通知我一声。
【典例分析】
1.—Anna，have
you
seen
China's
Got
Talent
—Of
course.
I
it
last
weekend.（咸宁）
A.
never；saw
B.
ever；have
seen
C.
never；have
seen
D.
ever；saw
2.
This
is
the
best
film
I
have seen.
A.
never
B.
ever
C.
once
D.
always
3.Have
you
________
visited
the
Great
Wall?
A.
ever
B.
before
C.
yet
D.
after
要点10
before和ago
⑴
before在此处为副词，意为“以前”。before常用于现在完成时中，也可用于一般过去时中，通常位于句末。
例：He
has
never
seen
such
a
huge
stone
before.他以前从未见过这么大的石头。
before还可以用作介词或者连词，意为“在…之前”，可表示时间、位置、顺序等。
例：My
father
usually
goes
to
bed
before
9
pm.我爸爸通常在晚上九点之前上床睡觉。
Turn
off
the
light
before
you
leave
the
room.离开房间前关上灯。
⑵
ago为副词，意为“以前”，不能单独使用，通常用于一般过去时句子的末尾，“一段时间+ago”意为“….以前”。
例：Her
father
has
studied
French
before.她父亲以前学过法语。
Her
father
studied
French
3
years
ago.她父亲三年前学习了法语。
【典例分析】
1.Have
you
met
Mr
Li
?
A.
just
B.
ago
C.
before
D.
a
moment
ago
2.
—Has
Jimmy
visited
the
USA______?
—No,
never.
He
is
going
there
next
summer
holiday.
A.
before
B.
ago
C.
after
D.
later
3.
I
visited
this
place
3________years
ago.
A.
before
B.
ago
C.
after
D.
later
4.—Have
you
seen
the
film________？
—Yes,
I
saw
it
three
days________.
A.
before；ago
B.
ago；before
C.
before；before
D.
ago；ago
要点11
win为动词，意为“赢、获胜”，
例：We
are
sure
to
win
the
game.我们确信能赢得比赛。
【考点】辨析win和beat
①
win指在游戏、比赛、竞赛、选举中获胜，后常跟game，
race，
prize等表示“物”的词。
例：Tom
won
first
prize
in
the
writing
competition.汤姆在写作竞赛中赢得了一等奖
②
beat指在运动、比赛等中获胜，打败了其他人或其他队，后常跟somebody，
class等表示“人”的词。
例：They
beat
us
in
the
basketball
match
last
Monday.
上周一他们在篮球比赛中打败我们。
【典例分析】
1.在最后，我们获得了比赛胜利！
At
last，we
________
the
game！
2.他竭尽全力击败他的朋友并获得了比赛的胜利
He
tried
his
best
to_________
his
friend
and
__________
the
game！
3.Xu
Haifeng
________
the
first
gold
________
in
Olympic
Games
for
China.
A.
gets;
medal
B.
won;
symbol
C.
got;
prize
D.
won;
medal
4.Their
football
team
was
in
that
important
game.?
A.
won
B.
beaten
C.
failed
D.
beat
5.
Did
New
Jersey
Nets________
Miami
Heat?
—No,
they
were________．
A．lose;
beaten
B．win;
lost
C．beat;
beaten
D．lose;
beat
6.
He
did
as
his
teacher
told
him
and
________
first
place
in
the
exam.
A.
won
B.
beat
C.
lost
D.
win
要点11
“one
of+the或其他限定词+形容词最高级+名词复数”指在某一范围内“最……之一”，该结构做主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
【典例分析】
1.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。
The
Changjiang
River
is
_______
________
________
_________
_________
in
the
world.
2.他是我们班最优秀的学生之一。
He
________
________
________
_________
_________
________
in
our
class
3.
Teahouse
is
one
of
____________________________
plays.
A.
the
Lao
She’s
most
famous
B.
Lao
She’s
the
most
famous
C.
the
more
famous
D.
Lao
She’s
most
famous
4.
One
of
the
best
plays
“Teahouse”
________________
still
popular
among
the
old
today.
A.
be
B.
is
C.
are
D.
was
要点12
【辨析】how
long;
how
often;
how
soon;
how
far
【典例分析】
1.
---______________
is
the
playground?
---It’s
about
7,000
square
meters.
A.
How
long
B.
How
large
C.
How
far
D.
How
much
2.
---_______________
do
you
brush
your
teeth?
---Twice
or
more
a
day.
A.
How
soon
B.
How
far
C.
How
long
D.
How
often
3.-___________
have
you
worked
here?
-For
just
one
month.
A.
How
often
B.
How
long
C.
How
soon
D.
How
much
4.
—______
did
you
sleep
last
night?
—Only
five
hours.
I
stayed
up
late
to
do
my
homework.
A.
How
soon
B.
How
often
C.
How
long
D.
How
much
要点13
（1）Send
v.
派遣去；命令……去
China
send
many
people
to
work
in
Africa
every
year.
（2）send
sb.
sth.
或
send
sth.
to
sb.意思是“送给某人某物”。
Jim
sent
me
a
book
on
my
twelfth
birthday.
（3）send
sb.
sth.＝send
sth.to
sb.把某物寄给某人。
Please
send
me
a
book.
＝Please
send
a
book
to
me.
请寄给我一本书。
由send构成的短语：
send
for
派人去请
send
up
发射
send
out
分发
send
off
寄出
【典例分析】
1.去年男孩的父母把他送到一所特殊的学校。
The
boy's
parents
him
a
special
school
last
year.
2．—Where
is
Jenny?
—Oh，I
sent
her
________
some
bread
and
milk
in
the
supermarket.
A．buy
B．buying
C．to
buy
D.
bought
要点14
1.
across
“横过、穿过”，指从……的一边到另一边。含义与on有关。如：
1
I
swam
across
the
river.
我游过这条河（指从此岸到彼岸）
1
Let’s
help
push
the
cart
across
the
bridge.
我们帮着把车子推过桥吧。
2.
through
“穿过、通过”指穿过两边。是从空间较狭窄的一头穿到另一头。是从内部穿过，含义与in有关。如：
1
We
walked
through
the
forest.
我们穿过森林。
1
The
river
flows
through
the
city
from
west
to
east.
这条河从西到东流过城市。
3.
over“横过、跨越”指横过道路、河流等“细长物”时，与across通用。over
虽可指从表面的接触及跳（飞）越，但指渡过则不能用。从房间、原野、海洋等“平面延伸”的一端横越到另一端时也不能使用。而常用across.
1
She
went
across
/
over
the
bridge.
1
He
jumped
across
/
over
the
stream他跳过了小溪。
1
She
swam
across
the
straight
of
Dover.她游过了多佛尔海峡。
1
They
drove
across
the
desert.
他们驶过沙漠。
另外，over作介词还有“翻过……”的意思，如：climb
over
the
mountain
翻过那座山。
【典例分析】
1.The
post
office
is
just
____
the
street.
A.
over
B.
through
C.
across
D.
cross
2.
If
you
____
the
street,
you’ll
get
there.
A.
over
B.
through
C.
across
D.
cross
3.
---Look,
a
blind
man
is
in
the
middle
of
the
street.
It’s
too
dangerous.
---Let’s
go
and
help
him
go
______________
the
road.
A.
through
B.
past
C.
across
D.
over
要点15
1.?
?邀请某人做某事
2.??演讲比赛
3.
?考虑
4.??编造
5.?停止做某事
???
6.?一等奖
7.??此时，现在
8.
.例如
9.??要去某人做某事
10.?环游世界
11.?
?一个十五岁的男孩
12.?一双
13.?
?与.......不同
?
?
14.?倒数，倒计时
15.?把某人送去做某事
16.?参加竞赛
17剩余的
18.到目前为止
19期待做某事
20.而且
1.构成
现在完成时是由“助动词have(has）+动词的过去分词”构成
2.用法
（1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在产生了某种影响或造成了某种结果。句中常有just,
already,
yet等副词修饰。(注意与一般过去时的区别)
Have
you
had
lunch
yet?
你已经吃过午饭了吗？
Yes,
I
have.
I’ve
just
had
it.
是的，我刚刚吃过。
（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，也可能仍然在进行。句中常有for（+时间段）或since（+时间点）引导的表示时间的状语。（注意与现在进行时态和过去进行时态的区别）
He
has
taught
here
since
1981.
（3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经历，一般意为汉语“.......过”，常带有twice,
ever,
never，three
times等时间状语。
I
have
been
to
Beijing
twice.我去过北京两次。
just
刚刚
肯定句，have/has
后
never
从来没有
否定句，have/has
后
ever
曾经
疑问句，have/has
+主语+ever+过去分词
before
用于句末
yet
仍然
用于疑问句，否定句句末，或not之后
already
已经
肯定句，have/has
后或句末
so
far
到目前为止
句首或句末
【语法练习】
1、用just,
already,
yet,
ever填空。
1.Have
you
been
to
Japan?
1.I
have
finished
my
homework.
1.I
have
finished
my
homework
.
1.I
haven’t
finished
my
homework
.
二、选择题
1.—Mum,
I
want
to
watch
the
news
about
our
school.
Change
the
channel,
please!（2020江苏镇江）
—What
a
pity!
It
is
eight
o'clock
now.
It___________
for
a
while.
A.
has
been
over
B.
was
over
C.
has
finished
D.
finished
2.—It's
ten
years
since
we
came
here（2019，安徽卷）
—How
time
flies!
We
____
in
China
for
so
long.
A.
work
B.
worked
C.
will
work
D.
have
worked
3
—
The
room
is
very
clean.
Who
__________?
（2019·西宁中考）
A.
cleaned
B.
have
cleaned
C.
has
cleaned
D.
will
clean
4.
Have
you
ever
_________to
the
Great
Wall?
It’s
very
beautiful.
A.
gone
B.
been
C.
went
D.
go
三、完成句子
1.—
杰克已经买了新手机吗？(yet)
—
没，他还没买新手机。(yet)
2.
你曾参观过博物馆吗?(ever)
—
没，我没有。我从未参观过博物馆。(never)
3.
—
你曾在图书馆借过书没有？(ever)
—
有啊，我借过。我已借了三次了。(already)
4.他已经找到他的自行车了。
5.
你曾经去过北京吗？
话题二：谈论个人经历
本模块的话题是“过去的经历”。在具体的写作中,学生应做到以下几点:
1.能描述经历过的事情;
2.能恰当运用逻辑词,使文章层次更清晰;
3.能运用现在完成时写作。
词汇积累
dream梦想
afford买得起
invite邀请
tower
塔
experience
经历;经验
unforgettable
难忘的
wonderful
精彩的
all
over
the
world全世界
find
out发现;揭发
look
forward
to展望;期待
be
interested
in
对……感兴趣
have
a
dream有一个梦想
take
a
bus乘公交车
can’t
help
doing
sth.禁不住做某事
in
a
word总之
句式积累
1.Everyone
has
some
unforgettable
experiences.每个人都有一些难忘的经历。
2.I’ll
never
forget
the
first
time
I
entered
a
singing
competition.
我绝不会忘记我第一次参加歌唱比赛的情景。
3.I’m
so
glad
to
share
my
travelling
experiences
with
you
all.
我很高兴与你们分享我的旅游经历。
4.There
are
so
many
places
to
visit
in
China.在中国有许多能游览的地方。
5.There
is
only
one
thing
in
my
mind
that
I’ll
always
remember.
只有一件事情我总记在我的脑海里。
6.She
has
never
been
to
Beijing
before.她以前从没有去过北京。
7.I
hope
I
can
have
a
chance
to
go
there
one
day.我希望有一天我能有机会去那儿。
8.I’ve
always
wanted
to
travel
all
over
the
world.我总是想环游世界。
【实战演练】
请你根据以下所给的提示内容，以“My
holiday
in
Beijing”为题，介绍一下游览北京的经历。80词左右。
提示：
1．北京在中国的北方，是中国的首都，每年有许多游客来此旅游。
2．去过北京多次。
3．爬过长城，去过颐和园(the
Summer
Palace)和故宫(the
Palace
Museum)，尝过北京烤鸭。
4．拍了许多照片，与外国人用英语交谈过。
My
holiday
in
Beijing
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句。
口诀记忆
时间点前before领，时间段后ago跟。
how
long
1.
表示多长时间，与延续性动词连用,主要用来对一段时间(如three
days,
four
weeks
等)提问。常用“for+一段时间”和“since+时间点”
回答.
A：How
long
does
it
take
to
get
to
London
from
here?
从这里到伦敦要多长时间?
B：At
least
ten
hours.
至少要10个小时。
2.
表示某东西有多长。
A：How
long
is
the
river?
这条河有多长？
B：About
500
km.
大约500千米。
how
often
how
often用来提问某动作或状态发生的频率，即问某人在一段时间内做某事做了几次,对频度副词或状语(always，usually，
often，
never或twice
a
day,
once
a
week,
,three
times
a
month
等)提问。
【注】用英语表示多少次，除了一次（once）和两次(twice)外,?其他都用基数词+times来表示，三次
“three
times”,五次
“five
times”。
A：How
often
does
he
come
here?
他(每隔)多久来一次?
B：Once
a
month.
每月一次。
how
soon
how
soon
指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(如：in
an
hour,
in
two
weeks
等)提问。
A：How
soon
will
he
be
back?
他要多久才回来?
B：In
an
hour.
1
小时以后。
how
far
how
far意思是“多远”，对距离提问时用。
--How
far
is
it
from
you
home
to
your
school
?
从你家到学校有多远呢？
--About
two
kilometers.大概2千米。
across、through和over
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达
