2021年牛津上海版中考语法复习：数词讲解及提升练习学案（有答案）

中考语法复习：数词讲解及提升练习
一、定义：
表示“多少”和“第几”的词，叫数词。数词分为基数词和序数词两种。
二、基数词和序数词的用法：
1) 基数词
one, two, three..., 表示“一、二、三......”等。注意eleven, twelve, thirteen, fifteen, eighteen,
twenty,thirty, forty, fifty, eighty, a/one hundred/thousand等词的拼写。
2) 序数词
first, second, third..., 表示“第一、第二、第三......”等，注意first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, twentieth, twenty-first, ninety-ninth, (one) hundredth等词的拼写。
基数词与序数词的构成
基数词
序数词
基数词
序数词
基数词
序数词
one
first 1st
eight
eighth 8th
twenty-one
twenty-first 21st
two
second 2nd
nine
ninth 9th
ninety-nine
ninety-ninth 99th
three
third 3rd
twelve
twelfth 12th
one hundred
one hundredth 100th
five
fifth 5th
twenty
twentieth 20th
基数词变序数词的口诀：
基变序，有规律，词尾加上th。
一、二、三，特殊记，词尾字母t, d, d(first, second, third)。
八少t, 九去e(eighth, ninth), ve要用f替(fifth, twelfth)。
整十变序也容易，y变成ie 就可以。(ninetieth)。
几十几(twenty-five), 只变个位就可以。(twenty-fifth)
3) 钟点表达法
11:15读作eleven fifteen或a quarter past eleven
9:30读作nine thirty或half past nine
7:35读作seven thirty-five或twenty-five (minutes) to eight
11:45读作eleven forty-five或a quarter to twelve
10:20 a.m. 读作ten twenty a.m.
2:30 p.m. 读作two thirty p.m.
4）日期表达法
具体日期前要用介词on表示。
在10月10日：
on October 10读作on October (the) tenth
on 10th October读作on the tenth of October
在2008年7月20日：
on July 20, 2008读作on July (the) twentieth, two thousand and eight
5）年份表达法
月份和年份前要用介词in表示。
在1975年：
in 1975读作in nineteen seventy-five
在2005年：
in 2005读作in two thousand and five
在2009年3月：
in March, 2009读作in March, two thousand and nine
6）分数、小数、百分比表达法
a. 分数的构成
分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子分母间用连字符。分子大于1，序数词用复数形式。
1/4 one-fourth, 1/12 one-twelfth, 2/3 two-thirds, 4/19 four-nineteenths
特殊用法：1/2 a/one half, 1/4 a/one quarter, 3/4 three quarters
分子分母数值较大, 如55/88可读作：fifty-five over eighty-eight
b. 小数和百分比
0.37读作zero point three seven 58%读作fifty-eight percent
*7）基本数学运算表达
A: How much is 8 plus 9?
B: 8 plus 9 is/equals 17.(8+9=17)
18-3=15 18 minus 3 is/equals 15.
6×5=30 6 multiplied by 5 equals/is 30.
15÷5=3 15 divided by 5 equals/is 3.
注意
①编号可以用序数词也可以用基数词，数字较大一般用基数词。
Lesson Six或the sixth lesson Room 405
Part One或the first part Channel 5/Five
Class Two, Grade One No. 10 Bus或Bus No. 10
②含有数词的定语：
a five-day holiday a three-year-old daughter
an 800-word composition a two-meter-deep swimming pool
③其他习惯表达和固定词组：
in one’s forties 在......四十多岁时
at the age of forty 在四十岁时
in the 1990s 在二十世纪九十年代
hundreds of, thousands of, millions of 数百的，数千的，数百万的
one and a half years=one year and a half 一年半
two and a half months=two months and a half 两个半月
巩固提升：
一、单选题
1．Mike likes coins very much.He has collected about five__ coins from different countries so far.
A．hundred of B．hundred C．hundreds of D．hundreds
2．Chinese people have been using the skill of printing for over two ________ years.
A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of
3．It is said that there are more than________languages spoken in Nigeria.
A．two hundreds B．two hundreds of C．two hundred D．two hundred of
4．After the earthquake, _________ medical workers were sent to the disaster area.
A．thousands B．thousand C．thousands of D．thousand of
5．Grandpa received a mobile phone from Auntie Liu on his ________ birthday.
A．sixty B．sixtieth C．sixties D．sixtieths
6．Look, the building over there is the landmark of our city. It is high.
A．fifty - five metre B．fifty - five metres C．fifty - five - metre D．fifty five metres
7．We held a graduation party yesterday in memory of the ________ years we had spent together.
A．fourth B．four’s C．four D．fourths
8．The high﹣speed rail train"FuXing"can run at a speed of over _______kilometers an hour．
A．three hundred B．three hundreds
C．three hundred of D．three hundreds of
9．The CN TV Tower which is in China is a __building
A．553 meters tall B．553-meters tall C．553-meters-tall D．553-meter-tall
10．_______ of the students of Grade _______ are girls who like singing.
A．Three-fifths ... Nine B．Three-fifth ... Ninth
C．Three-fifths ...Ninth D．Three-fifth ... Nine
11．______ Chinese make their way back home before the Spring Festival.
A．Million of B．Ten millions C．Millions of D．Ten millions of
12．Nearly ______ of working mothers in China don’t want to have a second child.
A．three-fifth B．three fifths C．three-fifths D．three fifth
13．Online courses like Chinese tea art attract ______ people from abroad every day.
A．million B．millions C．millions of D．million of
14．According to a recent survey, about ______ of working mothers in China plan to have a second child.
A．two-fifth B．two-five C．second-fifths D．two-fifths
15．The newly built dormitory building in our university is about ________.
A．120 meters high B．120-meter-high C．120-meters-high D．120-meter high
16．The students donated over two ______ books at our school charity sale last Friday.
A．thousand B．thousands C．thousands of D．thousand of
17．The Shanghai Museum has welcomed ______ of visitors since it was rebuilt in 1996.
A．million B．millions C．ten-million D．ten million
18．Alibaba CEO Jack Ma has decided to retire from his company in his _________．
A．fifty B．fifties C．fiftieth D．fiftieths
19．The latest Guinness Book of World Record includes _________ new and updated records.
A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of
20．Is _________ riding enough for you to get there?
A．thirty five minutes B．thirty-five minutes’
C．thirty-five-minutes D．thirty five minute’s
21．_______graduates will attend the 100th anniversary celebration of the university next month.
A．Thousand B．Thousands C．Thousand of D．Thousands of
22．2018年上海奉贤二模My uncle served in the army in the 1950s when he was in his__________.
A．twenty B．twenty-two C．twenties D．twentieth
23．We’ve planted ________ trees in the center of our city this year.
A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundredth D．hundreds of
24．Playing ball games is a good way for the students of the _____ grade to release stress.
A．nine B．nines C．ninth D．ninths
25．About two _ people watch e-sports competitions and cheer on their favorite teams.
A．million B．millions
C．million of D．millions of
26．________ of the city was covered with the heavy smog.
A．Two-third B．Two-thirds
C．Two-three D．Two-threes
27．Chinese people have been using paper for over______ years.
A．thousands B．two thousand C．thousands of D．thousand
答案：
1．B2．A3．C4．C5．B6．B7．C8．A9．D10．A11．C12．C13．C14．D15．A16．A17．B
18．B19．D20．B21．D22．C23．D24．C25．A26．B27．B
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.China is the ________ nation to bring samples back from the moon. (three)
2.The ________ man from the left in this photo is my uncle who used to be an actor. (five)
3.That foreign teacher volunteered to help those kids in Africa in her early _________.（thirty）
4.Celebrating the _______ anniversary of a marriage is a very special occasion for the couple. (fifty)
5.In the U.S.A．, Thanksgiving Day falls on the________ Thursday in November. (four)
6.My elder sister plans to have a ________ baby in the following year.（two）
7.Visitors are not allowed to enter that museum in groups, but ________ at a time.（second）
8.My grandma took up dancing as a hobby in her _____.（sixty）
9.I chose the flat on the _______ floor because I think "9" stands for "long lasting". (nine)
10.The ________ thing to do is to give the stray dogs food and shelter.（one）
11.Next week we will learn the________ unit, the most difficult one in the textbook. (twenty)
12.Dick will be ________ next Sunday. We're going to hold a party for him. (ninth)
13.Take the lift to the ________ floor, and you will have a better view of the city. (twelve)
14.It must be tiring to walk to the ________ floor. Why not take the lift instead? (twelve)
15.The ________ holiday is New Year's holiday. We have all their family over. (one)
16.Steven’s office is on the________floor and he usually walks upstairs. (five)
17.Ben is the ________ child in a family of eight. (seven)
18.This is the ______ time for me to teach you the grammar rules. (five)
19.Sue has already set up her own company in her early________. (thirty)
答案
1.third2.fifth3.thirties4.fiftieth5.fourth6.second7.two8.sixties9.ninth10.first11.twentieth12.nine
13.twelfth14.twelfth15.first16.fifth17.seventh18.fifth19.thirties20.fourth