2021年中考英语语法复习：名词讲解及提升练习（有答案）

初中语法复习：名词讲解及提升练习
考点1：名词的单复数变化
1）大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s，也就是单词如果以ch，sh，s，x等结尾，则一般加es；
2）以o结尾的单词除了两人（negro，hero）两菜（tomato，potato）加es外，其余一般加s；
3）以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f，fe变为ve再加s；
4）英语中还有些单词没有规则，需要特殊记忆，如child—children，mouse—mice，deer—deer，sheep—sheep，Chinese—Chinese，ox—oxen，man—men，woman—women，foot—feet，tooth—teeth。
关于以O结尾，加上-es变复数的单词，我们可以这样记住：黑人英雄爱吃土豆和马铃薯，那么negro,
hero,
tomato,
potato便可以很快记住了。
考点2：
可数名词和不可数名词的数量表达
可数名词与不可数名词的数量表达
只能修饰可数名词
few,
a
few,
quite
a
few,
many,
too
many,
a
(large)
number
of.
只能修饰不可数名词
little,
a
little,
quite
a
little,
much,
too
much,
an
amount
of,
a
large
amount
of,
huge
amounts
of,
a
great
deal
of.
可数名词与不可数名词皆可修饰
some,
any,
lots
of,
a
lot
of
,
plenty
of,
two
hundred/thousand/million,
hundreds/thousands/millions
of.
注：
1、名词单数变复数口诀
(一)
规则变化
　　名词单数变复数，直接加
-s
占多数；
　　s,
x,
z,
ch,
sh
来结尾，直接加上
-es；
　　词尾是
f
或
fe，加
-s
之前先变
ve；
　　辅母
+
y
在词尾，把
y
变
i
再加
-es；
　　词尾字母若是
o，常用三个已足够，
　　要加
-es
请记好，hero,
tomato,
potato。
　　(二)
不规则变化
　　男人女人
a
变
e，鹅足牙
oo
变
ee；
　　老鼠虱婆也好记，ous
变
ic；
　　孩子加上
ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。
2、1）名词可数性：专有名词不可数：人名
地名
国家。
2）物质名词不可数：
金
木
水
火
土
沙
肉
食
米
面
布
茶
咖啡
果汁
牛奶
酒
钢铁
玻璃
煤
油
墨水
作业
纸
粉笔
头发
新闻
天
气
天气。
3）抽象名词不可数：幸福
时光
爱情
知识
力量
发明
仁慈
友谊
关系
青春
信息
勇气
。
巩固提升：
一、单选题
1．How
much
________do
you
have
on
you?
A．money
B．coin
C．key
D．bill
2．Don't
be
afraid
to
ask
for
some
________
about
ordering
the
meal.
A．suggestion
B．method
C．opinion
D．advice
3．For
the
time
being
we
can
collect
much
________
either
from
books
or
on
the
Internet.
A．idea
B．method
C．information
D．suggestion
4．Now
a
large
number
of
people
________
helping
clear
the
snow
in
the
street.
A．is
B．are
C．was
D．were
5．Stella
is
going
to
move
into
a
new
flat
next
month,
so
she
plans
to
buy
some
________.
A．chair
B．flower
C．furniture
D．picture
6．The
old
lady
saved
many
________
from
dying
of
hunger
in
the
1950s.
A．monkey
B．elephant
C．children
D．butterfly
7．Villagers
in
the
mountain
area
used
to
raise
many________
on
the
farm
to
make
a
living.
A．bear
B．horse
C．chicken
D．sheep
8．Kate
plans
to
work
for
the
community
with
some
classmates
of________
this
summer.
A．she
B．her
C．herself
D．hers
9．Mary
chatted
with
a
friend
of
on
WeChat
for
a
long
time
last
night.
A．she
B．her
C．hers
D．herself
10．The
policeman
gave
us
much
on
how
to
protect
ourselves
when
we
are
in
danger.
A．example
B．tip
C．note
D．advice
11．I
think
one
effective
______for
me
to
improve
my
memory
is
to
have
enough
sleep.
A．information
B．advice
C．method
D．conclusion
12．With
great
efforts
and
a
strong
will,
the
teenager
has
made
a
lot
of
______.
A．progress
B．achievement
C．complaint
D．friend
13．The
police
are
worried
about
the
of
the
boy
who
has
been
missing
for
3
days.
A．save
B．safe
C．safely
D．safety
答案：
1．A2．D3．C4．B5．C6．C7．D8．D9．C10．D11．C12．A13．D
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.Sam
studies
hard
and
he
is
confident
that
he'll
pass
the
________
examinations.
(enter)
2.Tony’s
uncle
was
born
in
Spain,
but
he
is
a
________
of
France.
(city)
3.Holding
his
________
for
about
three
minutes,
Jerald
swam
down
to
a
depth
of
112
metres.
(breathe)
4.Few
young
people
are
interested
in
traditional
________
.(skill)
5.They
have
reached
a
__________
about
when
and
where
to
hold
the
party.
(decide)
6.Miss
Guo
tells
us
that
there're
different
__________
to
improve
our
memory.
(method)
7.Wendy
was
happy
when
she
saw
the
menu
that
included
many
delicious
________.
(dish)
8.The
manager
said
that
the
_________
of
the
report
must
be
at
least
fifteen
minutes.
(long)
9.The
police
are
investigating
a
series
of
bank
_________
in
the
city
center.
(robbery)
10.When
we
describe
people,
we
mention
their
age-group,
their
build
and
their
_______.
(high)
11.As
doctors,
we
take
pride
in
our
_______.
(responsibility)
12.The
Pony
Express
was
a
________started
in
1860
that
carried
mail
and
news
throughout
the
West.
(serve)
13.Zhong
Nanshan
is
one
of
our
country's
national
________.
(hero)
14.A
________(win)
is
not
a
person
who
never
fails,
but
a
person
who
never
gives
up.
15.It’s
important
for
students
to
build
relationships
with
other
members
of
the
________.（social）
16.Making
other
people
satisfied
also
brings
me
_________
every
day.
(happy)
17.As
usual,
our
leader
made
his
New
Year's
_________
on
TV
on
Dec.31.
(speech)
18.The
terrible
disease
has
had
a
huge
_________
on
the
way
we
see
ourselves.
(effective)
19.The
sudden
_____of
the
pet
dog
made
the
old
lady
very
sad.（dead）
20.Many
_____gathered
in
the
hall
to
welcome
the
new
year.（citizen）
21.We
are
confident
of
the
doctor's
________
to
cure
this
disease.
(able)
22.Peter
made
his
sister
laugh
by
telling
her
many
________.
(joke)
23.The
hotel
offers
different
_______
of
amusements
to
attract
the
guests.
(variety)
24.The
________
of
that
bridge
is
over
200
metres.
(long)
25.Two
________(policewoman)
are
directing
traffic
at
the
crossing.
puters
were
considered
as
one
of
the
greatest
________
in
the
1920s
though
they
were
very
huge
at
that
time.（invent）
27.To
tell
you
the
________,
I
have
worked
very
hard
to
prepare
for
the
final
exam.（true）
28.Two
armed
________took
place
on
the
same
street
on
Monday
afternoon.（robbery）
29.It’s
a
new
story
full
of________,
adventure
and
heroic
characters.（act）
30.The
doctor
says
the________
was
a
great
success,
and
the
patient
will
get
better,
(operate)
31.The
boy
could
not
sleep,
and
he
began
to
count________,
but
failed.
(sheep)
32.Because
of
the
traffic
jams,
I
missed
the
________
of
the
performance.
(begin)
33.One
major
________
of
that
machine
is
too
big
for
us
to
carry.
(advantage)
34.Kate
bought
lots
of
________
from
the
market
yesterday
morning.
(strawberry)
35.The
________
on
show
are
all
excellent,
you
can
choose
any
of
them.
(piano)
36.The
suspect
is
still
missing
and
there
is
no
record
of
his
________
yet.
(die)
37.The
report
on
the
patient's
________
caught
attention
of
the
public.
(ill)
38.Tom
was
on
top
of
the
world
after
returning
from
the
________
park.
(amusing)
39.We
know
that
it
was
a
very
hard
________,
but
we
feel
we
made
the
right
one.
(decide)
40.The
boy
is
so
good
with
the
________
of
colors.
(choose)
41.Richard
had
little________in
understanding
the
reason
for
your
decision.
(difficult)
42.To
reduce
the
spread
of
virus（病毒）,
many
countries
stop
_________
from
entering.
(foreign)
43.Helen’s
ambition
is
to
become
an
________
in
the
future.
(art)
44.Robben
owns
some
furniture
_______
in
Wuhan.
(factory)
45.We
are
trying
to
find
a
good
______
to
deal
with
the
environmental
problems.
(solve)
46.The
supermarket
near
our
neighbourhood
sells
different
kinds
of
meat
________.
(produce)
47.Doing
housework
teaches
kids
independence,
care
and
________.
(responsible)
48.To
tell
you
the
_______,
the
tour
of
the
Movie
Park
was
the
highlight
of
our
visit.(true)
49.The
company
offered
a
number
of
chances
for
teachers’
professional________.
(develop)
50.As
a
soldier,
you
have
to
obey
________.
(order)
51.China
celebrated
its
________
birthday
in
the
year
2019.
(seventy)
52.The
scene
in
front
is
too
________
for
me
to
have
a
look
at.
(frighten)
53.His
students
have
to
hand
in
their
homework
no
________
than
next
Friday.
(late)
54.Teenagers
should
learn
to
be
________
thinkers
rather
than
follow
others
blindly.
(depend).
55.Make
sure
the
windows
are
closed
and
the
door
is
________
locked
before
you
leave.
(secure)
56.Customers
can
make
a
________
to
the
manager
by
phone,
by
letter
or
face
to
face.
(complain)
57.The
factories
are
planning
to
make
products
with
recycled
materials
to
________
energy.
(safe)
58.Laurent,
9,
will
become
one
of
the______people
to
graduate
from
a
university.
(young)
59.We
need
to
concentrate
on
our________now,
while
we
have
the
energy.
(goal)
60.I
forgot
to
take
my
textbook.
The
girl
next
to
me
shared_______with
me.
(she)
61.The
show
was
so
boring
that
we
fell
______after
an
hour.
(sleep)
62.A
number
of
animals
have
escaped
from
the
zoo________,
including
a
rare
white
tiger.
(recent)
63.The
death
of
the
boy’s
parents
left
him
feeling
extremely_______and
alone.
(help)
64.He
can
correctly______a
pack
of
cards
in
just
31.16
seconds.
(memory)
65.--
That’s
not
a
very
good
time
of
year
to
travel.
--
Perhaps
not.
It
was
just
a_______.”
(think)
66.Scientists
are
trying
to
establishing
more______for
their
argument.
(proof)
67.Sue
has
already
graduated
from
university
in
her
early_____.
(twenty)
68.The
twin
sisters
are
only
five
years
old,
but
they
can
take
care
of______.
(they)
69.People
speak
different______of
English
in
different
parts
of
Britain.
(vary)
70.“How
are
you?”
is
a
very______question.
It’s
a
question
that
often
doesn’t
need
an
answer.
(usual)
71.Studying
abroad
has
made
me
much
more______in
many
ways.
(depend)
72.If
you
really
want
to______,
you
will
have
to
work
very
hard.
(success)
73.She
didn’t
stop
mopping
the
floor
until
it
became
_______clean.
(spot)
74.We
are
always
encouraged
to
express
our
own
______naturally
in
class.（opinion）
75.They
held
a
party
for
their
cousin’s
_______birthday
last
weekend.（twenty-five）
76.A
friend
of
______visited
the
village
and
she
really
had
a
good
time
there.（me）
77.Some
people
argue
teachers
aren’t
as
important
as
before
because
there
is
an
increasing
_______of
information
resources.（various）
78.We
used
to
visit
London
once
a
week,
but
______we
go
there
twice
a
week.（recent）
79.He
was
_______to
find
his
room
cleaned
and
everything
arranged
in
perfect
order.（surprise）
80.I
wonder
how
to
start
and
______the
new
washing
machine.（operation）
81.His
8-year-old
son
is
so
______that
he
can
go
to
school
on
his
won.（depend）
82.The
team
are
working
on
a
couple
of
unsolved
________
of
this
century.
(mystery)
83.Many
important
events
were
held
in
the
________
half
of
the
year.
(two)
84.The
________
is
so
exciting
that
you
can
have
a
lot
of
food
for
thought.
(speak)
85.There’s
a
large
________
of
soft
drinks
to
choose
from
in
this
store.
(various)
86.It’s
a
pity
that
the
world
famous
church
was
________
damaged
by
a
fire.
(serious)
87.The
report
says
the
faster
you
read,
the
________
you
understand
what
you’ve
read.
(little)
88.It’s
worrying
that
some
students
are
________
of
the
risk
of
playing
computer
games.
(aware)
89.Don’t
forget
to
________
the
date,
the
price
and
the
signature
on
the
contract.
(examination)
90.I
can’t
do
the______question
but
I
have
finished
doing
the
other.
(four
)
91.Peter’s
mother
has
promised
to
buy______a
Millet
Bracelet(小米手环)
as
a
present.
(he)
92.As
a
good
detective,
Ken
looks
for
clues
carefully
and
never
jumps
to______.（conclusion）
93.My
partner
was______ill
and
she
had
an
operation
the
day
before
yesterday.
(
serious)
94.Having
done
enough
revision
work,
Joe
is
sure
that
he’ll______in
the
final
exam.(success)
95.That
shop
sells
a______of
unusual,
fun
model
cars,
many
kids
like
to
go
there.
(vary)
96.Linda
is
a______leader
in
our
group.
She
is
always
active
in
dealing
with
problems.(confidence)
97.When
you
feel
tired
or______,
you
can
look
for
something
interesting
to
do.(happy)
98.My
postcard
is
different
from
______in
size
and
color.
(she)
99.The
lights
in
the
restaurant
were
too
dark.
We
had
to
change
our
______.
(seat)
100.Frank
has
just
begun
the
______year
in
the
college,
so
everything
is
still
fresh
to
him.
(two)
101.The
man
has
______in
running
the
shop
because
of
the
good
service.
(success)
102.The
information
was
______and
the
army
lost
the
war
again.
(use)
103.Wendy
has
______recorded
a
TV
programme
about
making
funny
comics.
(recent)
104.Susan
will
make
a
______on
children
rights
next
week.
(speak)
105.Eating
too
much
______food
really
does
harm
to
us.
(healthy)
106.Liao
Changyong
is
an
excellent
Chinese_____who
has
held
many
concerts.
(sing)
107.The
snake
can
reach
a_____of
one
hundred
centimeters.
(long)
108.I
guess
the
gentleman
with
a
pair
of
glasses
must
be
in
his
early_____now.
(fifty)
109.Several
recent_____showed
75%
of
those
questioned
were
in
favour
of
the
plan.
(survey)
110.The
jacket
is
available
in_____colours.
You
can
choose
what
you
like.
(variety)
111.Every
morning
the
students
greet
the
teachers_____with
a
smile
at
the
school
gate.
(polite)
112.I’ve
just
bought
my
new
car,
so
I
make
up
my
mind
to_____my
old
one.
(sale)
113.Mike’s
classmates
aren’t
satisfied
with
him
because
he
is
always_____.
(honest)
答案
1.entrance
2.citizen3.breath4.skills5.decision6.methods7.dishes8.length9.robberies10.height
11.responsibilities12.service13.heroes14.winner15.society16.happiness17.speech18.effect19.death20.citizens21.ability22.jokes23.varieties24.length25.policewomen26.inventions27.truth28.robberies29.action30.operation31.sheep32.beginning33.disadvantage34.strawberries35.pianos36.death37.illness38.amusement39.decision40.choice41.difficulty42.foreigners43.artist44.factories45.solution46.products47.responsibility48.truth49.development50.orders51.seventieth52.frightening53.later54.independent55.plaint57.save58.youngest59.goals60.hers61.asleep62.recently63.helpless64.memorize65.thought66.proofs67.twenties68.themselves69.varieties70.unusual71.independent72.succeed73.spotlessly74.opinions75.twenty-fifth76.mine77.variety78.recently79.surprised80.operate81.independent82.mysteries83.second84.speech85.variety86.seriously87.less88.unaware89.examine90.fourth91.him92.conclusions93.seriously94.succeed95.variety96.confident97.unhappy98.hers99.seats100.second101.succeeded102.useless103.recently104.speech105.unhealthy106.singer107.length108.fifities109.surveys110.various111.politely112.sell113.dishonest