2021年中考语法复习：特殊疑问句+一般疑问句讲解及提升练习（有答案）

中考语法复习：特殊、一般疑问句的讲解及提升练习
一、定义
特殊疑问句:是对句子中某一特定部分提问，由疑问代词what，who，whom，whose，which或疑问副词where，when，why，how等引导.不可以用Yes或No回答.

二、结构：
其结构是：疑问词+一般疑问句？
What did you do? Whose glasses are these?
What color is your pet dog? Who can answer the question?

三、用法：
意思
用法
例句
who
谁
问人的身份，姓名等
He is Tom. Who is he ?
He is my brother. Who is he ?
whom
谁
问人的身份，姓名等(宾语）
I can ask him the question.
Whom can you ask the question?
what
什么
问人的职业或事物是什么
He is a worker. What is he?=What does he do?=What’s his job?
He has a book. What does he have ?
which
哪一个
问一定范围内特指的人或物
The big box is mine. Which box is yours?
The girl at the door is Ann. Which girl is Ann?
whose
谁的
问所属关系
This is her book. Whose book is this ?
This book is hers. Whose is this book?
what color
什么颜色
问颜色（表语）
My skirt is red. What color is your skirt?
What time
几点
问点时间
We play games at five in the afternoon ?
What time do you play games?
when
什么时候
问时间
We play games in the afternoon ?
When do you play games?
where
什么地方
问地点（状语）
We play games at home on Sunday ?
Where do you play games on Sunday?
why
为什么
问原因
He isn't at school today because he is ill.
Why isn't he at school today ?
To catch the early bus,she gets up early.
Why does she get up early?
how
怎样
问健康状况、
做事的方式等
He is fine/strong. How is he ?
I go home by bike. How do you go home?
how old
多大几岁
问年龄
He is ten. How old is he ?
how many
多少
跟复数名词，
问数量
There are thirty boys in my class.
How many boys are there in your class?
how much
多少
跟不可数名词
问数量或价钱
There is some milk in the bottle.
How much milk is there in the bottle?
The bag costs fifty yuan.
How much does the bag cost?
how far
多远
问路程
It's five kilometers away from here.
How far is it from here?
how soon
多久
问in+一段时间
He can finish it in half an hour.
How soon can he finish it ?
how long
多久
问一段时间，
问物体的长短
He has lived here for a year. /since a year ago.
How long has he lived here?
The desk is one meters long.
How long is the desk ?
how often
多久
（一次）
问频率
I go to see my parents once a month.
How often do you go to see your parents?
how many times
多少次
问具体次数
He called me three times yesterday.
How many times did he call you yesterday?

补充1：“How + 形容词 +...？”与“What's the + 名词 + of ...？”，对重量、长度、高度、宽度、深度、速度、面积等提问，二者意思相同。
eg：How heavy is that basket of apples? = What's the weight of ?that basket of apples?
【注意】与what 句式转换时，how 后的形容词heavy, wide, high, tall, deep, long, fast, large
等，须分别转换成对应的名词：weight, width, height, depth, length, speed, size等。
其中How tall are you?=What's your height?
eg：How heavy/how big/ how tall/ how high/ how large等可依据形容词的意思译为“多...?”。
　　 How high is the big mountain?=What's the height of the mountain?
　　 How large is your new house? = What's the sizet of your new house?
补充2：what be the date 对具体日期（月、日）提问。
eg：What is the date today? / What was the date yesterday? / What will be the date tomorrow?
eg：Today is October the twenty-sixth. 今天是十月二十六日。
eg：What is the date today? 今天是几月几日？
补充3： what day 对星期几提问。
eg：What day is (was, will be)today (yesterday, tomorrow)?今天（昨天，明天）是星期几？
eg：It is Sunday (Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday) today.
eg：What day is today? 今天是星期几？
补充4：What's the population of......？对人口提问。population 表示“人口”是一集体名词，have population of 表示“有多少人口”。
? eg：Our village has population of two hundred of people. 我们村有二百人口。
What's the population of...？”可与“How large is the population of...？”和“How many people
are there in...？”互相转换。
eg：What's the population of the world? = How large is the population of the world?
=How many people are there in the world?
补充5：What...sb.....look like?=What is sb like? 对人物相貌，长相提问。
eg：She is kind and friendly.
What does Sandy look like?=What is Sandy like?
补充6：What do you think of......?=How do you like.....? 问你对事物进行评价或者看法。
eg：The film is very attrctive and inteesting.
What do you think of the film?=How do you like the film?
补充7：What’s the weater like.....?=How’s the weather......?对天气提问。
eg：What’s the weather like today?=How’s the weather today?
补充8：What’s the matter with.....?=What’s wrong with......?问某人怎么了，哪里不舒服。
eg：I have a headache and sore throat.
What’s the matter with you?=What’s wrong with you?

四、一般疑问句
肯定句变否定句：
①主语＋be动词（am/is/are/was/were）＋not＋…
Eg: Mary is good at Chinese.→Mary is not good at Chinese.
②主语＋情态动词(must/can/would/should/will…)＋not+动词原形+...
Eg: His friend can play badminton.→His friend can not play badminton.
③主语＋do／does／did＋not＋动词原形＋…
Eg: Tom go to school on Sundays.→Tom does not go to school on Sundays.
注意：
1. be动词中is, are和not可以缩写成为isn’t, aren’t,但am和not不可以缩写。
2. 在否定句中的some换成any ，and 换成or。

肯定句变一般疑问句
①Be动词＋主语＋……
Eg：You are a good student.→Are you a good student?
②情态动词＋主语＋动词原形
Eg: You can go shopping with me.→Can you go shopping with me?
③助动词＋主语＋动词＋…
Eg: His friend likes basketball.→ Does his friend like basketball?
注意：
1.句中有be动词、情态动词，只需把be动词、情态动词提到句首即可。
2.句中谓语动词是行为动词时，需借助助动词，放在句首，后面的动词用原形。
3.当主语是第一人称时，将第一人称变为第二人称，some换成any ，and 换成or。

巩固提升：
一、单选题
1．—_______ is it from here to the railway station?
—About thirty kilometers.
A．How soon B．How long C．How fast D．How far
2．—________ is the Mount Qomolangma now?
—It is 8848.86 meters.
A．How long B．How far C．How tall D．How big
3．— ________ is the thief like, Mr. Johnson?
—He’s short and bald. He wears a black jacket.
A．What B．How C．Which D．Who
4．— _________ do you prevent the bird from swallowing the fish?
—By tying a piece of grass around its neck.
A．Where B．Why C．When D．How
5．-- did the Greeks enter Troy? -- They hid in a wooden horse.
A．How B．Where C．When D．Why
6．— ________ should I pay you for these apples?
— By WeChat (微信), please.
A．How B．How much C．How soon D．How long
7．—________do you visit your grandparents, Timmy? — Once a week.
A．How often B．How long C．How fast D．How many
8．—______ did our class teacher praise John just now?
—She praised him for his honesty. He found 500 yuan in the garden and handed it in.
A．How B．What C．Where D．Why
9．—________ will the repairman come to fix the tap, Dad?
—In about half an hour.
A．How soon B．How long C．How often D．How far
10．— From ________ building did the firemen save the old woman last night?
— The yellow one.
A．which B．when C．whose D．where
11．—_______ will you be according to the magic camera?
—About 165cm.
A．How far B．How tall C．How long D．How heavy
12．— ________ do you usually go fishing, John?
— About once a week.
A．How B．How often C．How soon D．How long
13．—______ is China's space station expected to be completed?
—In about three years.
A．How soon B．How often C．How long D．How fast
14．-- will Dad finish cooking the vegetable soup?
-- In about 20 minutes.
A．How long B．How soon C．How much D．How far
15．-- will the Beijing Winter Olympic Games be held? -- In about 2 years.
A．How long B．When C．How many D．Where
16．— ______ do you think this kite can fly?
—It can go about 100 metres high into the sky.
A．How long B．How soon C．How often D．How high
17．– Do you know a plane ticket from Shanghai to Beijing costs?
– I guess it’s about ￥800.
A．how fast B．how long C．how far D．how much
18．— ________ can I have my clothes back? — In about three days.
A．How many B．How soon C．How fast D．How far
19．— ______ is it from your home to your office, Emily?
—About 30 minutes’ ride.
A．How long B．How far C．How soon D．How often
20．– is it from the nearest hospital?
– About 200 metres.
A．How far B．How long C．How many D．How much
21．一________did it take you to prepare this big family meal？
﹣About six hours．
A．How long B．How soon C．How often
22．---_________is fifteen minus five ?
---Fifteen minus five is ten .
A．How long B．How soon C．How much D．How often
23．--______is your home to the nearest underground station？
--About ten minutes' walk．
A．How soon B．How long C．How often D．How far
24．﹣____ will we know the result of our physical examination？
﹣In about 2 weeks．
A．How soon B．How often C．How long D．How far
25．— will the visitors arrive at our school?
—In about 40minutes.
A．How long B．How soon C．How much D．How far
26．﹣ ______ car is that in front of the house？
﹣It's Bill's． He bought it last week．
A．Which B．What C．Who D．Whose
27．﹣_____ did the operations last？
﹣For nearly eight hours． It was a great success．
A．How often B．How long C．How soon D．How far
28．﹣﹣﹣_____do you usually visit your grandparents？
﹣﹣﹣We used to visit them once a month．But now we go to see them twice a month．
A．How far B．How long C．How often D．How soon
29．—________ times have you read the book Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets?
—Twice.
How many B．How often C．How soon D．How long
答案：
1．D2．C3．A4．D5．A6．A7．A8．D9．A10．A11．B12．B13．A14．B15．B16．D17．D
18．B19．B20．A21．A22．C23．D24．A25．B26．D27．B28．C29．A
二、划线部分提问
1.To save water frogs, scientists are working on project. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ scientists working on a project?
2.A rope is tied around the neck of the bird to stop it from swallowing the fish. (对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ a rope tied around the neck of the bird?
3.The 10th China Flower Expo will take place in Chongming next day.（对划线部分提问）
________ ________ the 10th China Flower Expo take place Chongming?
4.The food you ordered by telephone will be delivered in thirty minutes.（对划线部分提问）
_____ will the food you ordered by telephone will be delivered?
5.Doris has been in the Science Club since last November.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ has Doris been in the Science Club？
6.We can make cartoon faces come to life by giving them different expressions.（划线提问）
_______ ________ you make cartoon faces come to life?
7.Many children in our school learn how to tie-dye T-shirts in the art class.（对划线部分提问）
_____many children in our school learn in the art class?
8.Jenny’s article contains stories about foreigners who work in China.（对划线部分提问）
________ contains stories about foreigners who live in China?
9.I felt really angry when my friend jumped out and scared me. (对划线部分提问)
_________ did you _________ when your friend jumped out and scared you?
10.Charles can memorize 150 words in a minute by using link methods.（对划线部分提问）
_____ words can Charles memorize in a minute by using link methods?
11.We publish the school newspaper every two weeks. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ do you publish the school newspaper?
12.He's worked in this bank for about 20 years. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ has he worked in this bank?
13.It is one and a half hours’ drive from my home to Shanghai Disneyland.（对划线部分提问）
_________________ is it from your home to Shanghai Disneyland?
14.Frame sizes are varied to make the strip more interesting.（对划线部分提问）
________ frame sizes varied?
15.The artist goes to French to take part in art festivals once every two years.(对划线部分提问）
________ ________does the artist go to French to take part in art festivals?
16.Charles liked to eat hot dogs with tomato sauce when he was young. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ of hot dogs did Charles like to cat when he was young?
17.It took the workers about ten days to build Huoshenshan Hospital. (划线部分提问)
________ did it take the workers to build Huoshenshan Hospital?
18.The hard cover notebook on the teacher's desk is Jackie's. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ the hard cover notebook on the teacher's desk?
19.Mike goes swimming with his friends twice a week. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ does Mike go swimming with his friends?
20.Jane is going to study abroad next year. (对划线部分提问)
________ is Jane going to ________ next year?
21.You can operate the machine with your voice. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ I operate the machine?
22.Jenny put on a beautiful dress to attend the ball (舞会) last night.（对划线部分提问）
________ ________ Jenny put on to attend the ball last night?
23.The man in black is the doctor who has become famous recently. (对划线部分提问)
_______ ________ is the doctor who has become famous recently?
24.We can protect ourselves by washing our hands more often. (对划线部分提问)
_______ _______we protect ourselves?
25.John bought an English dictionary for his daughter because she needed it.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ John buy an English dictionary for his daughter?
26.To leave us a good impression, Kitty put on her prettiest dress for the party.（对划线部分提问）
_________ _________ Kitty put on her prettiest dress for the party?
27.Simon and his assistant will leave for Canada in two weeks. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ will Simon and his assistant leave for Canada?
28.The first issue of our school newspaper will be published in two weeks. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______will the first issue of your school newspaper be published?
29.Eric has been teaching himself French since 3 years ago. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ has Eric been teaching himself French?
30.We have been close friends since we were at the primary school. (对划线部分提问)
________ have you been close friends?
31.It’s about twenty minutes’ drive from the airport to the railway station.（对划线部分提问）
________ ________ is it from the airport to the railway station?
32.Ray’s aunt advised him to find a new job with more challenges.（划线部分提问）
_______ did Ray’s aunt_______ him to do?
33.I’ve been busy volunteering for our community since I came back from holiday.（对划线部分提问）
________have you been busy volunteering for your community?
34.The subway fare is three yuan from my home to the cinema.(对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ is the subway fare from your home to the cinema?
35.My father drives to work at 30km per hour in rush hours on weekdays.(对划线部分提问)
_______ _______ does your father drive to work in rush hours on weekdays?
答案
1.Why are 2.Why is 3.When will 4.How soon5.How long 6.How can 7.What do8.Whose article9.How feel 10.How many
11.How often 12.How long 13.How far14.Why are15.How often
16.What kind 17.How long18.Whose/ Who is/ owns 19.How often
20.What do 21.How can 22.What did 23.Which man
24.How can 25.Why did 26.Why did 27.How soon
28.How soon 29.How long 30.How long31.How far 32.What advise 33.How long34.How much 35.How fast