Period
4 Developing
ideas
学案设计
学习目标
1.To
know
the
features
of
newspaper
editorials(报刊社论).
2.To
express
students?
opinions
about
how
to
become
greener.
3.To
raise
students?
awareness
of
living
a
green
life.
课堂探究
Step
1:Lead-in
Look
at
the
questions
about
“green
living”
and
tick
your
answers.
1.Which
shopping
bag
is
more
environmentally
friendly?
A.A
plastic
bag.
B.A
paper
bag.
C.Neither
of
these.
2.What
should
you
do
to
save
energy
when
leaving
your
home?
A.Turn
off
a
device.
B.Unplug
a
device.
C.Neither
of
these.
3.What
food
is
better
for
the
environment?
A.Food
produced
near
to
where
you
live.
B.Food
produced
far
from
where
you
live.
C.It
depends.
4.Which
uses
less
water?
A.Taking
a
bath.
B.Taking
a
shower.
C.It
depends.
Step
2:Read
for
main
information
Read
the
four
subheadings
in
the
passage
and
decide
if
they
are
true
or
false.
Subheading
1:Paper
shopping
bags
are
better
than
plastic
ones.( )
Subheading
2:When
you
turn
off
a
device,it
stops
using
power.( )
Subheading
3:Eating
local
food
is
good
for
the
environment.( )
Subheading
4:It?s
better
to
take
a
shower
than
a
bath.( )
Step
3:Read
for
detailed
information
Read
paragraph
by
paragraph,finish
the
relevant
tasks.
Task
1:Read
the
passage
again
and
finish
the
following
table
Truths
Suggestions
1.Making
a
paper
bag
uses
more
energy
and
water
than
making
a
plastic
bag.It
also
produces
more
greenhouse
gases.
Take
a
reusable
bag
with
you
when
you
go
shopping.
2.
3.
No
suggestion
4.
Task
2:Summarize
the
passage
and
pay
attention
to
the
sentences
of
“really
green
living”
Most
of
us
are
1 (awareness)
that
we
must
take
care
of
the
environment,and
the
majority
of
us
take
steps
2 (save)
energy
and
reduce
waste
and
pollution.But
in
fact,some
long-held
common
sense
turns
out
only
half
true,or
even
3 (complete)
false.For
example,people
think
paper
bags
are
4 (good)
than
plastic
bags
as
they
are
easier
to
break
down
than
the
plastic
5 (one).The
process
of
making
paper
bags, 6 ,is
more
energy
consuming
and
water
wasting.So,take
a
reusable
bag
with
you
when
shopping.Besides,remove
the
plug
from
its
power
supply, 7
the
stand-by
mode
still
use
power.Eating
local
food
isn?t
necessarily
good
for
the
environment,even
taking
transportation
8
account.Some
take
it
for
granted
9
a
shower
consumes
less
water
than
a
bath.But
that
depends
10
how
long
you
spend
in
a
shower.The
best
policy
is
to
keep
your
shower
as
short
as
possible.?
11 (environment)
awareness
is
now
part
of
daily
life.But
it?s
worth
12 (check)
common
ideas
and
opinions
to
see
what?s
really
green.?
Step
4:Deal
with
the
difficult
points
(1)Most
of
us
are
aware
that
we
must
take
care
of
the
environment,and
the
majority
of
us
take
steps
to
save
energy
and
reduce
waste
and
pollution.
【翻译】?
【知识链接】be
aware
that...+句子;be
aware
of
+名词/代词
意识到……
n.awareness
意识,认识
提高某人的意识
the
majority
of
people大多数人?
major
in
take
steps
to
do采取措施做……?
【实战演练】大多数人已经意识到环境保护的重要性。首先,我们应该提高人们保护环境的意识。更重要的是,我们应该采取措施来解决环境污染问题。
?
(2)Plastic
bags
cause
litter
and
are
a
danger
to
wild
animals,which
mistake
them
for
food.
【翻译】?
【知识链接】mistake
A
for
B把A误认为B by
mistake错误地;由于疏忽
【实战演练】他由于疏忽,错把珠宝当作了垃圾。
?
?
(3)It
takes
hundreds
of
years
for
plastic
to
break
down,but
much
less
time
for
paper.
【翻译】?
【知识链接】break
down分解;(和谈)失败;(身体等)垮了。
其他相关短语:(火灾,战争)爆发
?
闯入
关系破裂
?
(4)However,making
a
paper
bag
uses
four
times
as
much
energy
as
making
a
plastic
bag
and
up
to
three
times
the
amount
of
water.
【翻译】
?
【知识链接】倍数表达:倍数+as
much(不可数名词)/many(可数名词)+as;up
to:多达;It?s
up
to
you. ;What
are
you
up
to?
;amount还可作v.,amount
to总计;共达?
【实战演练】完成这个项目用了那个项目2倍多的时间。其费用共达200万。
?
(5)So,take
a
reusable
bag
with
you
when
you
go
shopping.
【翻译】
?
(6)To
make
sure
your
appliance
is
in
fact
off,remove
the
plug
from
its
power
supply.
【翻译】?
【知识链接】remove...from...将……从……移开;remove
gloves摘下手套;remove
problems解决问题
【实战演练】他被撤去主席的职务。
?
(7)It
seems
like
common
sense:eating
local
food
should
be
better
for
the
environment,because
it
does
not
need
to
be
transported
long
distances
and
kept
cold
during
transport.
【翻译】
?
【知识链接】common
sense
常识
其他相关短语:方向感
;有意义
;弄明白 ?
(8)It
is
the
production
of
food,not
its
transport,that
uses
most
of
the
energy
and
produces
most
of
the
greenhouse
gases.
【翻译】
?
【知识链接】强调句构成:It
is(was)+被强调部分+that(强调人可以用who)+句子其他
【实战演练】正是塑料袋带来了白色污染。
?
(9)In
some
cases,local
produce
might
have
used
more
energy
and
produced
more
greenhouse
gases
than
produce
grown
a
long
way
away—even
taking
into
account
its
transport.
【翻译】
?
【知识链接】a.may/might
have
done
表示对过去情况的推测,用在肯定句或否定句中,might的语气比may更不肯定,更弱。
He
may/might
have
left
when
you
got
there.
b.grown
a
long
way
away在句中是过去分词短语作后置定语,此句可以改写成定语从句:
?
c.take...into
account=take
account
of...考虑到……,把……考虑在内
take...into
consideration考虑到……,把……考虑在内
taking
into
account...为现在分词的独立主格形式,也称为悬垂分词,不受句子主语的限制,类似的结构还有:generally
speaking,strictly
speaking,talking
of...,speaking
of...,judging
from/by...,taking
all
things
into
account,considering...
【实战演练】考虑到他的年龄,我们不该对他要求太多。
?
(10)It
depends
on
how
long
you
spend
in
the
shower
and
how
large
your
bath
is.
【翻译】?
【知识链接】
a.depend
on
=
rely
on 依靠,依赖,取决于……
b.depend
on
的使用:
depend
on
sb./sth.
depend
on
sb.to
do
sth.
depend
on
+宾语从句
depend
on
it
that...
It
all
depends.视情况而定。
【实战演练】你的成绩取决于你对学习的态度。
?
(11)But
it?s
worth
checking
common
ideas
and
opinions
to
see
what?s
really
green.
【翻译】?
【知识链接】be
worth
doing...
(doing是以主动的形式表达被动的含义)值得做……
【实战演练】这本书值得再读。
?
Step
5:Think
&
Share
1.How
“green”
are
you?Share
your
“green
actions”
with
the
class.
2.What
can
you
do
to
become
“greener”?
Let?s
go
green
1.Reusing
items
saves
energy,prevents
pollution
and
(减少垃圾数量)
that
you
create.?
2.Buying
products
like
(二手家具和书籍)
helps
you
save
money
as
well
as
space.?
3.Try
to
buy
items
that
are
reusable,such
as
rechargeable
batteries
and
(可重复利用的购物袋).?
4.If
something
breaks
or
stops
working,get
it
fixed
instead
of
throwing
it
away.Better
still, (学着自己修).?
5.Don?t
buy
things
that
you
only
need
occasionally,such
as
tools,sports
equipment
or
vehicles— (借或者租)
instead.?
6.When
you
no
longer
need
something,think
about
(捐给慈善机构)
or
selling
it
so
that
someone
else
can
use
it.?
7. (吃剩的食物)
can
easily
be
made
into
a
soup.?
8. (运用你的想象力)
and
make
old
magazines
and
newspapers
into
art
or
greeting
cards.
?
9.Plastic
bottles
(可以被改造成)
plant
pots,while
glass
jars
can
be
used
as
vases.?
10. (完好无损的衣服)
can
be
given
to
charity
to
be
reused.?
课后练习
Write
a
short
paragraph
about
“What
can
we
do
to
become
greener”
(within
80
words).
参考答案
课堂探究
Step
1:
Your
own
answer.
Step
2:
Subheading
1:F;Subheading
2:F;Subheading
3:It
depends;Subheading
4:It
depends
Step
3:
Truth
2:When
you
turn
off
a
device,it
goes
into
stand-by
mode
and
still
uses
power.
Suggestions:To
make
sure
your
appliance
is
in
fact
off,remove
the
plug
from
its
power
supply.
Truth
3:In
some
cases,local
produce
sometimes
might
use
more
energy
and
produce
more
greenhouse
gases
than
produce
grown
a
long
way
away...
Truth
4:It
depends
on
how
long
you
spend
in
the
shower
and
how
large
your
bath
is.
Suggestion:The
key
is
to
keep
your
shower
time
as
short
as
possible.
Task
2:
1.aware 2.to
save 3.completely 4.better 5.ones 6.however 7.because 8.into 9.that 10.on
11.Environmental 12.checking
Step
4:
(1)【翻译】我们大多数人都意识到我们必须爱护环境,且多数人采取措施节约能源,减少浪费及污染。
【知识链接】raise
sb.?s
awareness;主修
【实战演练】The
majority
of
people
have
been
aware
of
the
importance
of
environmental
protection.First,we
should
raise
people?s
awareness
of
protecting
the
environment.More
importantly,we
should
take
steps
to
deal
with
the
problem
of
environmental
pollution.
(2)【翻译】塑料袋会产生垃圾,同时对野生动物来说是一种威胁,它们会把塑料袋误当作食物。
【实战演练】He
mistook
treasure
for
rubbish
by
mistake.
(3)【翻译】塑料分解需要几百年的时间,但纸张分解的时间要短得多。
【知识链接】break
out;break
into;break
up
(4)【翻译】然而,制造一个纸袋所消耗的能源是制造一个塑料袋的四倍,用水量多达制造塑料袋的三倍。
【知识链接】由你决定;你在忙什么?
【实战演练】Finishing
this
project
used
twice
as
much
time
as
that
one.Its
cost
amounted
to
2
million.
(5)【翻译】所以,购物时随身携带一个可以重复使用的袋子。
(6)【翻译】要确保您的设备实际上已关闭,拔掉电源插头。
【实战演练】He
was
removed
from
the
position
as
a
chairman.
(7)【翻译】这似乎是常识:吃当地食物应该对环境更好,因为它不需要长途运输,并且在运输过程中保持低温。
【知识链接】a
sense
of
direction;make
sense;make
sense
of
(8)【翻译】消耗大部分能源和产生大部分温室气体的是食品生产,而不是食品运输。
【实战演练】It
is
plastic
bags
that
bring
about
white
pollution.
(9)【翻译】在某些情况下,即使考虑到农产品的运输,当地农产品比生长在很远的地方的农产品可能消耗更多的能源,产生更多的温室气体。
【知识链接】In
some
cases,local
produce
might
have
used
more
energy
and
produced
more
greenhouse
gases
than
produce
which
is
grown
a
long
way
away
even
taking
into
account
its
transport.?
【实战演练】Taking
his
age
into
account,we
shouldn?t
request
too
much
from
him.
(10)【翻译】这取决于你花在淋浴上的时间,以及你的浴缸有多大。
【实战演练】Your
grades
depend
on
your
attitude
to
study.
(11)【翻译】但是值得核实一下常见的想法和观点,看看什么是真正绿色的(生活)。
【实战演练】This
book
is
worth
reading
again.
Step
5:
Let?s
go
green
1.reduces
the
amount
of
rubbish/garbage
2.second-hand
furniture
and
books
3.reusable
shopping
bags
4.learn
to
repair
it
by
yourself
5.borrow
or
rent
them
6.donating
it
to
the
charity
7.The
leftovers
8.Make
use
of
your
imagination
9.can
be
made
into
10.Clothes
in
good
conditionPeriod
2 Understanding
ideas
学案设计(一)
学习目标
1.To
learn
the
purpose
of
the
passage.
2.To
learn
the
main
idea
of
each
paragraph
and
the
changes
of
people?s
attitudes
to
sharks.
3.To
retell
the
passage
and
feel
the
importance
of
protecting
animals.
课堂探究
Step
1:Lead-in
Look
at
the
poster
and
answer
the
following
questions:
1.What
was
the
woman
doing?
?
2.What
else
did
you
find
in
the
poster?
?
3.Would
you
do
so
like
the
woman
in
the
poster?Why?
?
4.Could
you
use
some
adjectives
to
describe
sharks?
?
Step
2:Fast-reading
Read
the
passage
very
quickly
and
find
out
the
answers
to
the
following
questions:
Task
1:Choose
the
author?s
purpose
in
writing
the
passage.
A.To
recommend
the
film
and
the
book
about
sharks
to
people.
B.To
explain
people?s
misunderstanding
and
impression
of
sharks
and
raise
awareness
of
shark
protection.
C.To
criticise
Peter
Benchley?s
misleading
description
of
sharks
in
his
book
and
advocate
the
protection
of
sharks.
Task
2:Get
the
main
idea
of
each
paragraph:
Para.1:Jaws
1
people?s
long-held
ideas: 2 .?
Para.2:Jaws
made
people
more
3
of
sharks.?
Para.3:The
number
of
large
sharks
4 .?
Para.4:Peter
Benchley
and
experts?
ideas
of
sharks:Sharks
don?t
5
humans.?
Para.5:The
fortunate
thing
for
sharks:More
people
want
to
6 .?
Step
3:Detailed-reading
Read
the
passage
in
detail
and
complete
the
chart.
How
attitudes
towards
sharks
have
changed.
People
have
a
normal
fear
of
sharks.
◆People
have
always
been
scared
of
sharks
because
they
are
considered
1 .?
People
are
more
frightened
of
sharks.
◆People
who
saw
the
film
Jaws
believed
that
2 .?
◆Some
people
stopped
3
while
others
started
4 .?
◆The
number
of
large
sharks
fell
quickly
due
to
5 .?
More
people
are
against
finning
and
wish
to
protect
sharks.
◆Peter
Benchley
admitted
that
his
book
6
and
fought
7
them.?
◆Experts
have
proved
that
8 ,and
they
attack
us
by
mistake.?
◆Some
people
became
interested
in
9
and
more
are
willing
to
10 .?
Step
4:Deal
with
the
difficult
points
(1)We
see
a
woman
swimming
at
night
in
a
dark
sea.
我们看见一个女人晚上在深色的海里游泳。
【句子分析】see
a
woman
swimming(see
+宾语+doing:“看见……正在做……”)
doing作 ,表示与宾语之间是 ,且表示 。?
【知识链接】see
sb.do(表示与宾语是主动关系,动作完成)
see
sb./sth.done(表示与宾语是被动关系)
【实战演练】a.I
saw
him
(go)
when
I
came
in.?
b.I
saw
him
(go)
out.?
c.I
saw
the
boy
(beat)
by
his
father
just
now.?
(2)She
surfaces,cries
in
fear,then
disappears
forever.
她浮出水面,恐惧地叫喊,之后永远地消失了。
【句子分析】这个句子包含3个并列谓语,是正式的语法结构:do,do,and
do。原文不太正式。
【知识链接】容易与分词作状语混淆,要看清结构与意义。
a.He
put
on
his
coat,picked
up
his
bag,and
then
went
out.
b.He
went
out,leaving
the
door
open.
【实战演练】每天早上,他穿上衣服,吃了早饭,去上学。
译:?
(3)This
is
the
opening
scene
from
the
1975
film
Jaws,showing
a
shark
attack.
这是1975年电影《大白鲨》的开场镜头,展示了鲨鱼攻击的场景。
【句子分析】showing
a
shark
attack修饰Jaws,作
。?
【句式转换】
把此句转变为定语从句作定语:
?
(4)Jaws
was
a
great
success,attracting
huge
audiences
and
winning
many
awards.
《大白鲨》大获成功,吸引了大批观众,赢得了许多奖项。
【句子分析】
attracting...
and
winning
...这一部分是现在分词作 。?
【知识链接】
a
great
success
是抽象名词具体化,类似的词还有failure,surprise,honor,comfort等等。
【实战演练】这个实验失败了,引起了很多争论。
译:?
(5)It
strengthened
people?s
long-held
idea
of
the
great
white
shark
as
a
dangerous
animal.
这加强了人们长期以来的认为大白鲨是种危险动物的认知观念。
【知识链接】
与strengthen类似的构词:shorten;broaden;widen;lengthen...
另一形式:enrich;encourage;enlarge...
(6)
People
have
always
been
scared
of
sharks,but
Jaws
made
things
worse.
人们一直都害怕鲨鱼,但《大白鲨》让情况变得更糟糕。
【知识链接】scare
v.使害怕 adj.scary令人害怕的
scared感到害怕的
短语:
scare
sb.away/off
把……吓跑 be
scared
of
害怕……
【实战演练】Seeing
the
film,Linda
was
almost
to
death.?
(7)It
made
people
frightened
of
sharks,especially
of
the
great
white
shark.
它使人们更加恐惧鲨鱼,尤其是大白鲨。
【句子分析】
make+宾语+形容词短语(过去分词形式的形容词)作宾补,表示宾语所处的状态。
【知识链接】make+宾语+宾补,宾补可以是不定式(主动时省略to,被动时加to)、-ing、-ed、介词短语、n.、adj.。
【实战演练】
a.The
book
made
more
and
more
children
(interest)
in
reading.?
b.The
boss
made
the
workers
(finish)
the
job
within
two
days.?
c.He
was
made
(solve)the
problem
by
himself.?
(8)At
that
time,nobody
cared
if
sharks
were
killed,or
how
many
were
killed.People
just
wanted
them
killed.
那时,没有人关心鲨鱼是否被杀了,以及有多少鲨鱼被杀了。人们只想要它们死掉。
【句子分析】care后接if引导的宾语从句;want+宾语+过去分词作宾补(与宾语之间是被动关系)。
【实战演练】医生们不在乎他们自己是否将被感染。他们想要病人们被拯救。(infect)
译:?
(9)This
was
not
only
due
to
fear
of
sharks,but
also
finning.Finning
is
a
type
of
fishing
where
sharks
are
caught
and
their
fins
cut
off.
这不仅是因为对鲨鱼的恐惧,还因为割鳍。割鳍是一种捕鱼方式,在这种捕鱼方式中,鲨鱼被捕获,鱼鳍被割断。
【知识链接】cut
off切掉;隔离;阻断;中断 due
to由于……
【实战演练】
a.由于这场可怕的疾病,很多人与外面的世界隔绝了。
译:?
b.由于工人们的努力,他们减少了成本费。
译:?
(10)
Finning
would
have
an
unexpected
effect
upon
Peter
Benchley,the
man
who
wrote
the
book
the
film
Jaws
was
based
on.
割鳍带给《大白鲨》的原著作者彼得·本奇利预料之外的影响。
【知识链接】
have
an
effect/impact
on...对……有影响
【句子分析】the
man作Peter
Benchley的
,其后是个定语从句,在此定语从句中,the
book后是省略which或that
的定语从句。?
(11)
In
1980,Benchley
was
diving
when
he
came
across
an
awful
sight.
1980年,本奇利正在潜水,就在那时他看到了可怕的一幕。
【知识链接】
come相关短语:实现come
true 出版
come
out 形成
come
into
being 加油;快点;得了吧
come
on 提出
come
up
with
sight相关短语:看见
catch
sight
of... 第一眼
at
first
sight 在视野外
out
of
sight 在视野内
in
sight
(12)It
was
an
area
where
fishermen
were
finning,and
the
sea
floor
was
covered
with
dead
sharks.
那是一片海域,渔民们正在这片海域采割鲨鱼的鱼鳍,海底遍布着鲨鱼的尸体。
【句子分析】
where
引导定语从句,在从句中作地点状语。
(13)He
came
to
see
people
as
a
danger
to
sharks,rather
than
the
other
way
round.
他意识到人类才是鲨鱼的威胁,而鲨鱼并非人类的敌人。
【知识链接】
the
other
way
round
反过来,反之亦然
Step
5:Read
for
use
Retell
people?s
changes
in
their
attitudes
towards
sharks.Use
proper
linking
words
when
necessary
to
make
your
talk
well
organized.
You
can
refer
to
this
structure:
Before
the
movie
Jaws,...
Then,the
movie
Jaws
strengthened...
As
a
result,...
However,when
Peter
Benchley
saw
an
awful
sight
...,he
changed
his
attitude.
Fortunately,...
(设计意图:能运用本节课所学内容,正确表达出文章内容。)
课后练习
Write
a
short
passage
to
show
your
ideas
about
the
topic:Sharks:Dangerous
or
Endangered?(Within
100
words)
参考答案
课堂探究
Step
1:
1.She
was
swimming.
2.A
shark.
3.No.Because
there
was
a
shark
nearby,which
was
very
dangerous.
4.Cruel,scary,bad,frightening,terrifying,terrible...
Step
2:
Task
1:B
Task
2:1.strengthened 2.great
white
sharks
were
dangerous
animals 3.scared/frightened 4.fell
quickly 5.target 6.protect
sharks
from
extinction
Step
3:
1.dangerous
animals 2.sharks
were
bad
animals
3.swimming
in
the
sea 4.fishing
for
sharks
and
killing
them
as
many
as
possible 5.fear
of
sharks
and
finning 6.was
wrong
about
sharks?
behaviour 7.to
protect
8.sharks
don?t
see
people
as
food 9.understanding
sharks
10.protect
them
from
extinction
Step
4:
(1)【句子分析】宾补;主动关系;正在进行
【实战演练】
a.going;b.go;c.beaten
(2)【实战演练】
Every
morning,he
puts
on
his
coat,has
breakfast
and
goes
to
school.
(3)【句子分析】后置定语
【句式转换】
This
is
the
opening
scene
from
the
1975
film
Jaws,which
shows
a
shark
attack.
(4)【句子分析】
伴随状语
【实战演练】
The
experiment
was
a
great
failure,causing
many
arguments.
(6)【实战演练】scary;scared
(7)【实战演练】
a.interested;b.finish;c.to
solve
(8)【实战演练】
Doctors
don?t
care
if/whether
they
will
be
infected.They
want
patients
saved.
(9)【实战演练】
a.Due
to
the
terrible
disease,many
people
are
cut
off
from
the
outside
world.
b.Due
to
the
workers?
efforts,they
cut
down
the
cost.
(10)【句子分析】同位语
学案设计(二)
学习目标
1.To
learn
the
purpose
of
the
passage.
2.To
learn
the
main
idea
of
each
paragraph
and
analyze
the
changes
of
people?s
attitudes
to
sharks.
3.To
summarize
the
passage
and
feel
the
importance
of
protecting
animals.
课堂探究
Step
1:Lead-in
What
words
would
you
use
to
describe
sharks?
?
Step
2:Understanding
ideas
Read
the
passage
and
answer:
Task
1:What?s
the
author?s
purpose
in
writing
the
passage?
To
explain
people?s
of
sharks
and
raise
awareness
of
.?
Task
2:
1.What
idea
is
strengthened
by
the
movie
Jaws?
?
2.What
happened
to
sharks
when
this
idea
was
strengthened?
?
Task
3:Finish
the
chart
to
compare
Peter
Benchley?s
attitudes
towards
sharks.
The
changes
of
Peter
Benchley?s
attitudes
towards
sharks
Time
Before
1975
After
1980
Things
he
did
1 ?
2 ?
3 ?
4 ?
His
attitudes
Sharks
are
5
animals.?
People
6
sharks.?
Sharks
7
humans.?
Task
4:Summary:Fill
in
the
blanks
using
the
expressions
from
the
text.
The
famous
horror
film
Jaws,which
of
a
great
white
shark
and
was
a
great
success,strengthened
people?s
belief
that
sharks
were
dangerous
animals.Some
people
who
saw
the
film
were
more
sharks
while
others
started
fishing
for
sharks,
as
many
as
they
could.As
a
result,the
number
of
sharks
fell
quickly
due
to
both
fear
of
sharks
and
.Peter
Benchley,the
writer
of
the
book
the
film
Jaws
,once
an
awful
scene
of
finning
when
.From
then
on,his
attitude
towards
sharks
changed.He
came
to
see
people
as
sharks,rather
than
.In
fact,sharks
won?t
target
people
unless
.Today,as
we
learn
more
about
sharks,more
people
begin
to
.?
Step
3:Deal
with
the
difficult
points
(1)We
see
a
woman
swimming
at
night
in
a
dark
sea.
【翻译】?
【句子分析】see
a
woman
swimming(see+宾语+doing:“看见……正在做……”)
doing作宾补,表示与宾语之间是主动关系,且表示正在进行。
【知识链接】see
sb.do(表示与宾语是主动关系,动作完成)
see
sb./
sth.done(表示与宾语是被动关系)
【实战演练】a.I
saw
him
(go)
out
when
I
came
in.?
b.I
saw
him
(go)
out.?
c.I
saw
the
boy
(beat)
by
his
father
just
now.?
(2)She
surfaces,cries
in
fear,then
disappears
forever.
【翻译】?
【句子分析】这个句子包含3个并列谓语,是正式的语法结构:do,do,and
do。原文不太正式。
【知识链接】容易与分词作状语混淆,要看清结构与意义。
a.He
put
on
his
coat,picked
up
his
bag,and
then
went
out.
b.He
went
out,leaving
the
door
open.
【实战演练】每天早上,他穿上衣服,吃了早饭,去上学。
译:?
(3)This
is
the
opening
scene
from
the
1975
film
Jaws,showing
a
shark
attack.
【翻译】
?
【句子分析】showing
a
shark
attack修饰Jaws,作后置定语。
【句式转换】
把此句转变为定语从句作定语:
?
(4)Jaws
was
a
great
success,attracting
huge
audiences
and
winning
many
awards.
【翻译】?
【句子分析】
attracting...
and
winning
...这一部分是现在分词作伴随状语。
【知识链接】
a
great
success
是抽象名词具体化,类似的词还有failure,surprise,honor,comfort等。
【实战演练】这个实验失败了,引起了很多争论。
译:?
(5)It
strengthened
people?s
long-held
idea
of
the
great
white
shark
as
a
dangerous
animal.
【翻译】?
【知识链接】
与strengthen类似的构词:shorten;broaden;widen;lengthen...
另一形式:enrich;encourage;enlarge...
(6)People
have
always
been
scared
of
sharks,but
Jaws
made
things
worse.
【翻译】
?
【知识链接】scare
v.使害怕 adj.scary令人害怕的
scared感到害怕的
短语:
scare
sb.away/off把……吓跑 be
scared
of
害怕……
【实战演练】Seeing
the
film,Linda
was
almost
to
death.?
(7)It
made
people
frightened
of
sharks,especially
of
the
great
white
shark.
【翻译】
?
【句子分析】
make+宾语+形容词短语(过去分词形式的形容词)作宾补,表示宾语所处的状态。
【知识链接】make+宾语+宾补,宾补可以是不定式(主动时省略to,被动时加to)、-ing、-ed、介词短语、n.、adj.。
【实战演练】
a.The
book
made
more
and
more
children
(interest)
in
reading.?
b.The
boss
made
the
workers
(finish)the
job
within
two
days.?
c.He
was
made
(solve)the
problem
by
himself.?
(8)At
that
time,nobody
cared
if
sharks
were
killed,or
how
many
were
killed.People
just
wanted
them
killed.
【翻译】?
【句子分析】care后接if引导的宾语从句;want+宾语+过去分词作宾补(与宾语之间是被动关系)
【实战演练】医生们不在乎他们自己是否将被感染。他们想要病人们被拯救。(infect)
译:?
(9)This
was
not
only
due
to
fear
of
sharks,but
also
finning.Finning
is
a
type
of
fishing
where
sharks
are
caught
and
their
fins
cut
off.
【翻译】?
【知识链接】cut
off
切掉;隔离;阻断;中断 due
to
由于……
【实战演练】
a.由于这场可怕的疾病,很多人与外面的世界隔绝了。
译:?
b.由于工人们的努力,他们减少了成本费。
译:?
(10)Finning
would
have
an
unexpected
effect
upon
Peter
Benchley,the
man
who
wrote
the
book
the
film
Jaws
was
based
on.
【翻译】?
【知识链接】
have
an
effect/impact
on...对……有影响
【句子分析】the
man作Peter
Benchley的同位语,其后是个定语从句,在此定语从句中,the
book后是省略which或that
的定语从句。
(11)
In
1980,Benchley
was
diving
when
he
came
across
an
awful
sight.
【翻译】?
【知识链接】
come相关短语:实现come
true 出版
come
out 形成
come
into
being 加油;快点;得了吧
come
on 提出
come
up
with
sight相关短语:看见catch
sight
of... 第一眼
at
first
sight 在视野外
out
of
sight 在视野内
in
sight
(12)It
was
an
area
where
fishermen
were
finning,and
the
sea
floor
was
covered
with
dead
sharks.
【翻译】?
【句子分析】
where
引导定语从句,在从句中作地点状语。
(13)He
came
to
see
people
as
a
danger
to
sharks,rather
than
the
other
way
round.
【翻译】
?
【知识链接】
the
other
way
round反过来,反之亦然
(14)The
sharks
are
thrown
back
into
the
sea
where
they
die
slowly
and
painfully.
【翻译】
?
(15)Benchley
saw
sharks
being
killed
and
this
caused
a
deep
change
in
him.
【翻译】
?
Practice:
Translate
the
following
phrases.
1.在夜晚
?
2.恐惧地
?
3.开场画面
?
4.讲述……的故事
?
5.长久以来对……的看法
?
6.害怕……
?
7.捕杀鲨鱼
?
8.……的数量
?
9.由于……
?
10.割掉,阻断
?
11.对……产生出乎意料的影响
?
12.基于……
?
13.正在做……就在这时……
?
14.偶然遇到
?
15.而不是
?
16.反之亦然
?
17.从那天起
?
18.努力做某事
?
19.错误地
?
20.保护……免遭……
?
Step
4:Think
and
share
What
attitude
should
you
hold
when
you
see
movies
like
Jaws?
课后练习
Do
you
think
sharks
are
dangerous
or
endangered?Give
your
reasons.(Within
80
words)
参考答案
课堂探究
Step
1:略
Step
2:
Task
1:
impressions/misunderstandings;protecting
sharks/sharks
protection
Task
2:
1.People?s
long-held
idea
of
the
great
white
shark
as
a
dangerous
animal.
2.People
started
fishing
for
sharks,killing
as
many
as
they
could.After
1975,the
number
of
large
sharks
fell
quickly,not
only
due
to
fear
of
sharks,but
also
finning.
Task
3:
1.He
wrote
the
book
the
film
Jaws
was
based
on.
2.He
saw
sharks
being
killed,which
caused
a
deep
change
in
him.3.He
fought
to
protect
sharks.4.He
admitted
that
his
book
was
wrong
about
sharks?
behaviour.5.dangerous
6.are
a
danger
to 7.don?t
target
Task
4:tells
the
story;long-held;frightened
of;killing;finning;was
based
on;came
across;diving;a
danger
to;the
other
way
round;by
mistake;protect
them
from
distinction
Step
3:
(1)【翻译】我们看见一个女人晚上在深色的海里游泳。
【实战演练】
a.going;b.go;c.beaten
(2)【翻译】她浮出水面,恐惧地叫喊,之后永远地消失了。
【实战演练】Every
morning,he
puts
on
his
coat,has
breakfast
and
goes
to
school.
(3)【翻译】
这是1975年电影《大白鲨》的开场镜头,展示了鲨鱼攻击的场景。
【句式转换】
This
is
the
opening
scene
from
the
1975
film
Jaws,which
shows
a
shark
attack.
(4)【翻译】《大白鲨》大获成功,吸引了大批观众,赢得了许多奖项。
【实战演练】
The
experiment
was
a
great
failure,causing
many
arguments.
(5)【翻译】这加强了人们长期以来的认为大白鲨是种危险动物的认知观念。
(6)
【翻译】人们一直都害怕鲨鱼,但《大白鲨》让情况变得更糟糕。
【实战演练】scary;scared
(7)【翻译】
它使人们更加恐惧鲨鱼,尤其是大白鲨。
【实战演练】
a.interested;b.finish;c.to
solve
(8)【翻译】那时,没有人关心鲨鱼是否被杀了,以及有多少鲨鱼被杀了。人们只想要它们死掉。
【实战演练】
Doctors
don?t
care
if/whether
they
will
be
infected.They
want
patients
saved.
(9)【翻译】这不仅是因为对鲨鱼的恐惧,还因为割鳍。割鳍是一种捕鱼方式,在这种捕鱼方式中,鲨鱼被捕获,鱼鳍被割断。
【实战演练】
a.Due
to
the
terrible
disease,many
people
are
cut
off
from
the
outside
world.
b.Due
to
the
workers?
efforts,they
cut
down
the
cost.
(10)【翻译】割鳍带给《大白鲨》的原著作者彼得·本奇利预料之外的影响。
(11)【翻译】1980年,本奇利正在潜水,就在那时他看到了可怕的一幕。
(12)【翻译】那是一片海域,渔民们正在这片海域采割鲨鱼的鱼鳍,海底遍布着鲨鱼的尸体。
(13)【翻译】他意识到人类才是鲨鱼的威胁,而鲨鱼并非人类的敌人。
(14)【翻译】鲨鱼被扔向海里,在那里它们缓慢而痛苦地死去。
(15)【翻译】本奇利亲眼目睹鲨鱼被杀,这引起了他内心的深刻转变。
Practice:
1.at
night 2.in
fear 3.the
opening
scene 4.tell
the
story
of... 5.long-held
idea
of... 6.be
scared/frightened
of... 7.fish
for
sharks 8.the
number
of...
9.due
to... 10.cut
off 11.have
an
unexpected
effect
on... 12.be
based
on... 13.be
doing...when...
e
across 15.rather
than 16.the
other
way
round
17.from
that
day
on 18.fight
to
do
sth. 19.by
mistake
20.protect...from...Period
5 Presenting
ideas
(Revision
and
writing)
学案设计
学习目标
1.Review
the
words
related
to
dealing
with
environmental
problems.
2.Present
your
ideas
about
what
you
can
do
to
deal
with
an
environmental
problem.
3.Know
how
to
write
a
persuasive
letter.
4.Raise
the
awareness
that
it
is
everyone?s
duty
to
protect
the
environment.
课堂探究
Step
1:Review
some
expressions
related
to
environmental
problems
Translate
the
following
sentences:
1.其他人开始肆无忌惮地捕杀鲨鱼。
2.1975年后,美国大型鲨鱼的数量迅速下降,这一趋势很快蔓延到全球。
3.今天,随着我们越多地了解鲨鱼,更多的人比以往想要保护它们以防灭绝。
4.近年来,我们看到大片的湿地被人类活动所破坏。
5.种树能大大地减少温室效应。
6.通过运用可重复利用的产品减少浪费。
7.努力减少碳的足迹且使用可再生的能源。
8.你用的能量越少,二氧化碳释放的就越少。
9.政府正在采取措施尽可能多地减少雾霾。
10.工厂必须遵守它们用什么化学药品的规则。
11.在一些城市,人们开车进入中心需要交费。
Step
2:Present
your
ideas
Prepare
a
talk
according
to
the
following
commands
and
guidance.
★What?s
the
environmental
problem
you
will
mention?
★What
causes
it?
★How
to
solve
it?
Useful
expressions:
◆lead
to/bring
out/contribute
to
◆be
concerned
about
◆would
like
to
suggest
◆We
hope
that...
◆One
of
the
reasons
is
that...
◆In
order
to
improve
the
situation,we
should...
◆replace...with...
◆as
far
as
I
am
concerned
◆reusable
bags
◆on
foot/by
bike
◆limited
resources
◆offer
an
alternative
to...
◆make
joint
effort
◆raise
people?s
awareness
of
◆appeal
to
sb.to
do
sth.
Step
3:Write
a
persuasive
letter
Task
1:Read
the
passage
on
Page
71
and
answer
the
following
questions.
1.What
is
the
purpose
of
the
letter?
?
2.What
is
the
existing
problem?
?
3.What
are
the
proposed
actions
from
Class
8?
?
Task
2:Work
in
groups.Discuss
another
environmental
issue
about
how
to
write
a
persuasive
letter
and
make
notes.
※Problem:
※Cause(s):
※Solution(s):
Task
3:Think
about
another
environmental
issue
and
ask
students
to
join
in
the
campaign
related
to
the
issue
(for
example,the
No
Bottled
Water
campaign)
and
write
a
persuasive
letter
with
the
help
of
these
expressions(100-120
words).
The
letter
should
include
the
following
aspects:
※Problem:
※Cause(s):
※Solution(s):
Useful
expressions:
We
are
writing
this
letter
to
raise
your
awareness
of...
We
are
concerned
that...
We
would
like
to
suggest...
We
hope
that
you
will
consider...
One
of
the
reasons
for
this
is...
In
order
to
improve
the
situation,we
should...
课后练习
1.Polish
the
summary
and
check
the
grammar
and
spelling
mistakes
in
groups.
2.Transform
your
speech
into
a
short
passage(within
100
words).
参考答案
课堂探究
Step
1:
1.Other
people
started
fishing
for
sharks,killing
as
many
as
they
could.
2.After
1975,the
number
of
large
sharks
around
America
fell
quickly,and
soon
fell
around
the
world.
3.Today,as
we
learn
more
about
sharks,more
people
than
ever
want
to
protect
them
from
extinction.
4.In
recent
years,we
have
seen
large
areas
of
wetland
that
were
damaged
by
human
activity.
5.Planting
trees
can
help
a
lot
in
reducing
the
greenhouse
effect.
6.Reduce
waste
by
choosing
reusable
products.
7.Try
to
reduce
your
carbon
footprint
and
use
renewable
energy.
8.The
less
energy
you
use,the
less
carbon
dioxide
is
released.
9.The
government
is
taking
measures
to
reduce
smog
as
much
as
possible.
10.Factories
must
follow
rules
about
what
chemicals
they
use.
11.In
some
cities,people
have
to
pay
to
drive
in
the
centre.
Step
3:
1.To
call
on
everyone
to
take
part
in
the
Clear
Your
Plate
campaign.
2.Over
30%
of
the
world?s
food
is
wasted,while
many
people
in
poor
areas
do
not
have
enough
to
eat.
3.Do
not
order
more
than
you
need
in
the
school
canteen;order
less
and
take
leftover
food
home
when
dining
in
restaurants;call
on
family
members
and
friends
to
take
part
in
the
campaign.
Task
3:
Dear
Friends,
We
are
writing
this
letter
to
raise
your
awareness
of
the
need
to
protect
our
planet.You
can
help
simply
by
participating
in
the
No
Bottled
Water
campaign.People
tend
to
think
bottled
water
is
cleaner
and
more
convenient.However,they
may
not
know
that
according
to
scientific
research,millions
of
tons
of
plastic
are
used
worldwide
to
make
water
bottles
each
year.The
plastic
can
take
hundreds
of
years
to
break
down.
If
you
are
worried
about
the
effects
of
bottled
water
on
the
Earth,we
would
like
to
suggest
you
take
the
following
steps:
1.Carry
your
water
in
a
sustainable,reusable
bottle.In
this
way,you
don?t
need
to
buy
bottled
water.
2.If
you
have
to
purchase
a
plastic
bottled
beverage,recycle
the
bottle
after
use.
3.Ask
your
family
members
and
friends
to
take
part
in
this
campaign.
Everyone
is
responsible
for
making
our
planet
cleaner
and
better
by
doing
what
we
can.Let?s
start
now.
With
best
wishes,
Class
29Period
3 Using
language
学案设计
学习目标
1.Understand
the
structure
and
functional
meanings
of
-ing
and
-ed
as
complement.
2.Practise
the
exercises
related
to
-ing
and
-ed
as
complement.
课堂探究
Step
1:Lead-in
Task
1:Find
out
all
the
sentences
with
-ing
or
-ed(not
serve
as
predicate)
in
the
passage
Sharks:Dangerous
or
Endangered
and
analyze
the
functions
of
-ing
or
-ed
as
complement.
Task
2:Fill
in
the
blanks
using
-ing
or
-ed.
1.We
see
a
woman
(swim)
at
night
in
a
dark
sea.?
2.It
made
people
of
sharks.?
3.Jaws
was
a
great
success, (attract)
huge
audiences
and
(win)
many
awards.?
4.People
have
always
been
(scare)
of
sharks,but
Jaws
made
things
worse.?
5.Some
people
stopped
(swim)
in
the
sea,afraid
of
the
horrible
creature
from
the
film.?
6.Other
people
started
fishing
for
sharks, (kill)
as
many
as
they
could.?
7.Finning
would
have
an
(expect)
effect
upon
Peter
Benchley,the
man
who
wrote
the
book
the
film
Jaws
was
based
on.?
8.Benchley
saw
sharks
(kill)
and
this
caused
a
deep
change
in
him.?
9.Fortunately,not
everyone
who
watched
the
film
Jaws
became
afraid
of
sharks—some
became
(interest)
in
understanding
them.?
Step
2:Comparison
and
analysis
Please
read
the
sentences
in
Activity
1
and
answer
the
questions.Pay
attention
to
the
sentences
in
bold
and
discuss
in
groups
and
summarise
the
expressive
functions
of
-ing
and
-ed
as
complement.
A.We
see
a
woman
swimming
at
night
in
a
dark
sea.
B.It
made
people
frightened
of
sharks,...
Questions:
1.In
sentence
(a),who
is
swimming
at
night?
?
2.In
sentence(b),who
is
frightened
of
sharks?
?
3.Why
does
the
author
choose
to
use
different
forms
of
verbs
in
the
two
sentences?
?
通过观察例句,我们可以得知:在英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外还要有某个词或词组来补充说明宾语的意义或状态,才能使句子的意义完整,这个词或者词组称为宾语补足语。
总结归纳:
1.宾语补足语一般放在宾语 (前/后),对宾语起 的作用。?
2.现在分词的逻辑主语是 ,和宾语为 。?
3.过去分词的逻辑主语是 ,和宾语为 。?
Step
3:Relevant
knowledge
练习+观察判断+总结
1.我看见他正沿着街跑。
?
2.我感到一只蚂蚁正在我的腿上爬。
?
3.我刚才看到一位老人被车撞倒了。
?
归纳总结:see,watch,notice,observe,hear,feel等感官动词后若接现在分词作宾语补足语,表示该动作与宾语之间是 ;若其后接过去分词作宾语补足语,表示该动作与宾语之间是 。?
一、感官动词后非谓语做宾语补足语补充说明及归纳:
+do主动
+doing主动
+done被动 完成
正在进行
完成或没有一
定的时间性
用sing的适当形式填空
(1)I
heard
her
an
English
song
just
now.?
=
She
was
heard
an
English
song
just
now.?
(2)I
heard
her
an
English
song
when
I
passed
by
her
room.?
(3)To
learn
English
well,we
should
find
opportunities
to
hear
English
as
much
as
possible.?
练习+观察判断+总结
What
made
them
so
(frighten)??
I
have
had
my
car
(clean).?
He
got
his
TV
set
(mend).?
归纳总结:have,let,make,get等使役动词后若接现在分词作宾语补足语,表示“使处于某种状态”;若其后接过去分词作宾语补足语,表示动作由他人完成。
二、使役动词后非谓语动词作宾语补足语补充说明及归纳:
1.have/get
sth.done
让某事被……
I?ll
have/get
my
computer
repaired.
2.have/make/let/get
sb.do
让某人做某事
She
made
me
cry.
3.have
sb./sth.doing
sth.让……持续地做……
4.get
sb./sth.doing
使……开始做……
5.make
oneself
done使某人自己被
三、动词leave,find,keep,catch后接非谓语动词作宾语补足语归纳总结:
1.leave
sth./sb.doing
让……一直做某事
leave
sth./sb.
undone
(unfinished,unsettled,等)留下某事未做
2.find/keep/catch
sb./sth.doing
发现/使/撞到……
find/keep/catch
sb./sth.done
发现/使/撞到……被……
(1)It?s
wrong
of
you
to
leave
the
machine
(run)
all
the
time.?
(2)He
found
his
house
(break)
into
when
he
came
back.?
(3)The
salesman
caught
the
little
boy
(steal).?
Step
4:Global
warming
Share
what
you
know
about
these
plete
the
brochure
with
the
expressions
in
Activity
4
on
Page
66.
Six
things
you
can
do
NOW
to
help
stop
global
warming.
·Reduce
waste
by
choosing
reusable
products—get
a(n)
1. ,for
example.?
·Try
to
reduce
your
2. .Walk
or
ride
a
bike
instead
of
taking
a
car.?
·Use
3.
such
as
solar
energy
and
wind
power.?
·The
less
energy
you
use,the
less
carbon
dioxide
is
released.Replacing
a
regular
light
bulb
with
a(n)
4.
is
a
great
start.
·5.
is
important
because
clean
water
is
a
limited
resource.Also,we
use
a
lot
of
energy
to
process
clean
water.?
·Planting
trees
can
help
a
lot
in
reducing
the
6.
because
trees
absorb
the
carbon
dioxide
in
the
air.
Step
5:Useful
expressions
1.instead
of
作为……的替换;而不是
2.solar
energy
太阳能
wind
power
风能
3.The
less
energy
you
use,the
less
carbon
dioxide
is
released.
你使用的能量越少,释放的二氧化碳就越少。
4.replace...with...用……代替……
5.a
limited
resource
有限的资源
Step
6:Listening
Ⅰ.Listen
to
the
tape
and
finish
activity
7
Listen
to
the
lecture
and
choose
the
topics
that
are
covered.
1.What
the
word
“smog”
means.
2.When
the
word
“smog”
appeared.
3.What
caused
smog
in
the
past.
4.What
causes
smog
now.
5.The
effects
of
smog
on
the
environment.
6.How
governments
try
to
reduce
smog.
7.What
will
happen
if
we
don?t
reduce
smog.
Ⅱ.Listen
again
and
try
to
fill
in
the
blanks
in
activity
8
Smog
in
the
past
·Term
created
in:1. ?
·Big
problem
in
London:2.
in
December
1952?
·Causes
of
the
problem:burning
too
much
coal
and
3.
Smog
in
the
present
·Causes
of
the
problem:4.
and
factories?
·Measures:rules
about
using
5.
in
factories
and
6.
in
the
city
centre.?
回顾+复习+总结
1.All
afternoon
he
worked
with
Tom
(help)
him.?
2.The
thief
was
brought
in
with
his
hands
(tie)behind
his
back.?
3.With
so
much
homework
(finish),I
can?t
come
to
the
party
tonight.?
归纳总结:在“with+宾语+宾补”结构中,当介词的宾语和后面的动词构成主谓/主动进行关系时,则用现在分词(doing)做宾补;当介词的宾语和后面的动词构成被动完成关系时,则用过去分词(done)做宾补。若侧重表示将来的动作或表示动作未发生,则用不定式(to
do)做宾补。
宾语补足语大集合
Step
7:Practice
1.Please
read
the
passage
and
choose
the
correct
form
of
the
verbs.
Attracted/Attracting
by
mermaids
since
she
was
a
child,Hannah
Fraser
created
her
first
tail
when
she
was
only
nine
years
old.Now,she
is
a
model
and
performance
artist
devoted/devoting
to
ocean
conservation.She
can
be
seen
worn/wearing
mermaid
clothing
and
dived/diving
up
to
50
feet
underwater
to
swim
with
dolphins,sharks
and
whales.She
appeared
in
The
Cove,a
documentary
aiming
at
highlighting
the
cruelty
of
dolphin
hunting.Besides
performing
and
modelling,Hannah
travels
the
world
given/giving
presentations
and
talks,getting
more
people
involved/involving
in
the
conservation
of
ocean
life.
2.Finish
Activity
3
on
Page
65.
课后练习
Finish
the
following
exercises.
1.—There?s
a
hole
in
your
bag.
—
I
know,I?m
going
to
have
it
(mend).?
2.With
a
lot
of
difficult
problems
(settle),the
newly-elected
president
is
having
a
hard
time.?
3.When
I
put
my
hand
on
his
chest,I
could
feel
his
heart
still
(beat).?
4.He
managed
to
make
himself
(understand)with
his
broken
English.?
5.With
trees,flowers
and
grass
(plant)
everywhere,my
native
town
had
taken
on
a
new
look.?
6.Don?t
leave
the
water
(run)
while
you
brush
your
teeth.?
7.She
was
glad
to
see
her
child
well
(take)good
care
of.?
8.You
will
see
this
product
(advertise)
wherever
you
go.?
9.The
question
(discuss)
at
the
meeting
yesterday
is
of
quite
important.?
10.They
should
understand
the
traffic
rules
by
now.You?ve
had
it
(explain)
often
enough.?
11.There
are
hundreds
of
visitors
(wait)
in
front
of
the
Art
Gallery
to
have
a
look
at
Van
Gogh?s
paintings.?
12.The
flowers
(smell)
sweet
in
the
botanic
garden
attract
the
visitors
to
the
beauty
of
nature.?
13.He
sent
me
an
E-mail,
(hope)to
get
further
information.?
14.
(make)
this
cake,you?ll
need
2
eggs,175g
sugar
and
175g
flour.?
15.When
(compare)different
cultures,we
often
pay
attention
only
to
the
differences
without
noticing
the
similarities.?
16.When
(compare)to
the
people,those
living
in
the
country
have
more
fresh
air.?
17.When
(drive)
to
work,he
(have)an
accident.?
参考答案
课堂探究
Step
1:
Task
1:Sentences:
1.We
see
a
woman
swimming
at
night
in
a
dark
sea.
2.This
is
the
opening
scene
from
the
1975
film
Jaws,showing
a
shark
attack.
3.Jaws
was
a
great
success,
attracting
huge
audiences
and
winning
many
awards.
4.It
made
people
frightened
of
sharks,especially
of
the
great
white
shark.
5.Some
people
stopped
swimming
in
the
sea,afraid
of
the
horrible
creature
from
the
film.
6.Other
people
started
fishing
for
sharks,killing
as
many
as
they
could.
7.People
just
wanted
them
killed.
8.This
was
not
only
due
to
fear
of
sharks,but
also
finning.
9.Finning
would
have
an
unexpected
effect
upon
Peter
Benchley.
10.Benchley
saw
sharks
being
killed
and
this
caused
a
deep
change
in
him.?
11.Fortunately,not
everyone
who
watched
the
film
Jaws
became
afraid
of
sharks—some
became
interested
in
understanding
them.
12.People
have
always
been
scared
of
sharks,but
Jaws
made
things
worse.
Functions:1.宾补 2.定语;状语 3.状语;状语
4.宾补 5.宾语 6.宾语;状语 7.宾补 8.宾语 9.定语 10.宾补 11.表语;宾语 12.表语
Task
2:
1.swimming 2.frightened 3.attracting;winning 4.scared 5.swimming 6.killing 7.unexpected
8.being
killed 9.interested
Step
2:
1.A
woman
2.People
3.In
sentence
(a),a
woman
is
swimming.In
other
words,the
woman
is
doing
the
action
of
swimming.So
the
author
uses
-ing.But
in
sentence(b),people
are
frightened.As
a
result,passive
voice
is
used.So
the
author
uses
-ed.
总结归纳:1.后;补充说明 2.宾语;主动关系/主动进行 3.宾语;被动/完成关系
Step
3:
1.I
saw
him
running
down
the
street.2.I
felt
an
ant
climbing
over
my
leg.3.I
saw
an
old
man
knocked
down
by
a
car
just
now.
归纳总结:主动关系或者该动作正在进行;被动关系或者该动作已经完成
一、感官动词后非谓语做宾语补足语补充说明及归纳:
(1)sing;to
sing (2)singing (3)spoken
练习+观察判断+总结
frightened;cleaned;mended
三、动词leave,find,keep,catch后接非谓语动词作宾语补足语归纳总结:
(1)running;(2)broken;(3)stealing
Step
4:
1.reusable
water
bottle 2.carbon
footprint
3.renewable
energy 4.LED
bulb 5.Water
conservation
6.greenhouse
effect
Step
6:
Ⅰ.1,2,3,4,6
Ⅱ.1.1900s 2.The
Great
Smog 3.no
wind
4.chemicals
coming
from
traffic 5.chemicals 6.requirements
of
paying
to
drive
回顾+复习+总结
1.helping 2.tied 3.to
finish
Step
7:
1.Attracted;devoted;wearing;diving;giving;involved
2.Here,you
can
see
dramatic
landscapes
changing
from
mountains
to
grasslands,forests
to
rivers.
In
recent
years,we
have
seen
large
areas
of
wetland
damaged
by
human
activity.
This
includes
keeping
the
original
environment
touched.
课后练习
1.mended 2.to
settle 3.beating 4.understood 5.planted 6.running 7.taken 8.advertised
9.discussed 10.explained 11.waiting 12.smelling
13.hoping 14.To
make paring pared
17.driving;hadPeriod
1 Starting
out
&
Key
words
学案设计
学习目标
1.To
get
the
main
information
of
the
cartoons
by
watching
and
thinking.
2.To
describe
the
cartoons
and
express
your
own
opinions
about
the
environmental
pollution.
3.To
get
the
meanings
and
usage
of
key
words
in
the
language
context.
课堂探究
Step
1:Lead-in
Look
at
the
cartoons
on
Page
61
and
answer
the
following
questions.
1.What
environmental
problem
does
each
cartoon
refer
to?
?
2.What
are
the
causes
of
these
problems?
?
3.What
do
you
think
is
the
most
serious
environmental
problem
we
face
today?What
should
be
done
to
help
solve
it?
?
?
Step
2:Exchange
ideas
with
each
other
in
groups
Step
3:Brainstorm
Please
make
a
list
of
the
words
related
to
environmental
problems
and
solutions
to
them.
?
?
?
Step
4:Remember
the
following
words
A.Match
the
words
with
meanings
(1)shark (1)v.使(某人)惊恐,吓唬
(2)scare
(2)n.鲨(鱼)
(3)dive
(3)n.灭绝,绝种
(4)target
(4)v.致力
(5)extinction
(5)n.残酷;残暴
(6)highlight
(6)v.(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水
(7)cruelty
(7)v.把……作为目标
(8)hunting
(8)v.建立
(9)damage
(9)n.干旱,旱灾
(10)affect
(10)v.使恢复
(11)adopt
(11)v.(使)漏,(使)渗漏
(12)reusable
(12)v.使……突出,使注意力集中于
(13)release
(13)v.搬走,移走,去掉
(14)campaign
(14)v.竭力主张,强烈要求,敦促
(15)fog
(15)adj.可再度使用的,可多次使用的
(16)infection
(16)adj.焦急的;担忧的
(17)sustainable
(17)v.促成,造成(某事发生)
(18)contribute
(18)v.破损;损害
(19)reserve
(19)n.雾
(20)fin
(20)v.切去(鱼的)鳍
n.鱼鳍
(21)drought
(21)v.影响
(22)restore
(22)n.(宣传)活动
(23)leak
(23)v.释放,排放
(24)remove
(24)n.感染,传染病
(25)devote
(25)adj.可持续的,不破坏环境的
(26)concerned
(26)n.(野生生物)保护区
(27)urge
(27)v.采取(某种方法)
(28)establish
(28)n.打猎;狩猎
B.根据释义写出单词
1.
A
feeling
or
an
opinion
about
something
or
someone?
2.
A
situation
in
which
a
particular
type
of
animals
or
plants
dies
out?
3.
A
sudden
feeling
of
fear
or
worry?
4.
Because
of;as
a
result
of?
5.
Jump
into
water
or
swim
underwater?
6.
A
large
fish
that
has
sharp
teeth
and
a
fin
on
its
back?
7.
By
good
luck?
8.
An
aim
or
a
goal
that
you
are
trying
to
achieve?
9.
Set
up;found?
10.
Worried;anxious?
11.
Move;get
rid
of?
12.
Try
to
persuade
sb.to
do
sth.?
13.
Allow
(a
person
or
an
animal)
to
go;set
free?
14.
Have
an
effect
on?
Step
5:Learn
the
key
words
1.scare
v.使(某人)惊恐,吓唬
【词形变化】
adj.scary可怕的;骇人的 scared恐惧的
【短语搭配】
scare
sb.away/off
把……吓跑 scare
sb.into
doing
sth.恐吓、威胁某人做某事
【即学即练】
(1)You
can?t
scare
me
telling
you
anything.?
(2)Jeff
had
hunted
in
Iowa
before
Thanksgiving
with
his
dog,Rosie,but
the
gun
shots
had
scared
the
dog
.?
2.target
v.把……作为目标
【一词多义】n.目标;对象
【短语搭配】
target
sth.on/at
sb./sth.把某物瞄准某人/某物
be
targeted
at目标是;面向 a
target
for...……的目标
【即学即练】
(1)Who
were
the
newspapers
of
the
new
trend
targeted
??
(2)我所说的话并非针对你。
?
3.devote
v.致力,献身
【词形变化】
n.devotion
献身;热爱
【短语搭配】
devote
one?s
time/energy/attention
to
sth.把某人的时间、精力、注意力用于某事
devote
oneself
to
sth.致力于某事
be
devoted
to
(doing)
sth.致力于(做)某事
【即学即练】
(1)Neighbours
devoted
their
spare
time
to
(help)
others
rebuild.?
(2)However,instead
of
(致力于)
their
work,they
find
themselves
working
to
support
the
lifestyle
to
which
they
have
so
quickly
become
accustomed.?
4.reduce
v.减少
【词形变化】
n.reduction减少
【短语搭配】
reduce
sth.by把某物减少了(幅度) reduce
sth.from...to...把某物从……减少到……
【即学即练】
(1)The
number
of
cities
producing
CO
beyond
the
standard
(从40减少到9).?
(2)Consumption
(减少了25%),compared
to
that
last
year.?
5.account
n.账户;账单
【一词多义】v.认为是;视为
【短语搭配】
take...into
account把……考虑在内
account
for是……的原因;解释;说明;占(一定数量或比例)
on
account
of
由于;因为
on
no
account绝不;绝对不
【即学即练】
(1)
When
you
are
making
a
plan,you
should
(把天气考虑在内).?
(2)The
professor
warned
the
students
that
(绝不)
should
they
use
mobile
phones
in
his
class.?
(3)It
is
said
that
body
language
(占)
55%
of
a
first
impression
while
what
you
say
just
7%.?
6.urge
v.强烈要求;敦促
【一词多义】n.冲动
【短语搭配】
urge
sb.to
do
sth.力劝/敦促某人做某事
urge
sb.into/towards...驱赶某人,把某人赶进……
【即学即练】
(1)I
never
felt
(冲动)
to
learn
any
sign
language
before.?
(2)很多学生被敦促努力学习。
?
7.concerned
adj.焦急的;担忧的
【词形变化】
v./n.concern担忧;关心
【短语搭配】
be
concerned
about...对……担心 be
concerned
with...与……有关;涉及 as
far
as
sb.be
concerned就……而言;在……看来
【即学即练】
(1)Others
(担心)
using
gardening
methods
that
require
less
water
and
fewer
fertilizers(肥料).?
(2)你的文章需与环境保护有关。
?
8.contribute
v.促成;造成
【词形变化】
n.contribution贡献;捐款
【短语搭配】
contribute...to/towards...向……捐献
contribute
to...导致/造成某事发生
make
a
contribution
to...对……做出贡献
【即学即练】
(1)We
are
not
saying
that
everyone
needs
to
contribute
their
lives
the
poor.?
(2)人们的行为导致了环境污染。
?
Step
6:Reflection
on
what
students
have
learned
in
this
class
Please
write
a
short
paragraph
about
“How
to
deal
with
air
pollution”
according
to
what
you
have
learnt
in
this
class.(About
50-80
words)
课后练习
Polish
the
paragraph.Teammates
work
together
to
correct
the
mistakes
in
the
use
of
words
and
grammar.
参考答案
课堂探究
Step
1
1.water
pollution;deforestation;air
pollution;global
warming
2.Students?
own
answers
3.Students?
own
answers
Step
3
(1)global
warming (2)climate
change (3)overpopulation (4)waste
disposal (5)loss
of
biodiversity
(6)take
effective
measures
to
do (7)pass
laws (8)put
a
ban
on (9)attach
importance
to
Step
4
A.略
B.1.attitude 2.extinction 3.scare 4.due
to 5.dive 6.shark 7.fortunately 8.target 9.establish
10.concerned 11.remove 12.urge 13.release 14.affect
Step
5
1.(1)into (2)away/off
2.(1)on/at (2)What
I
said
didn?t
target
you.
3.(1)helping (2)devoting
themselves
to
4.(1)is
reduced
from
40
to
9 (2)is
reduced
by
25%
5.(1)take
weather
into
account (2)on
no
account
(3)accounts
for
6.(1)the
urge (2)Many
students
are
urged
to
study
hard.
7.(1)are
concerned
about (2)Your
essay
should
be
concerned
with
environmental
protection.
8.(1)to/towards (2)People?s
behaviors
contribute
to
environmental
pollution.
