2012年江苏省中考英语一轮复习7A Unit5讲解

第5课时－Unit 5 Going shopping, 7A
一.【精挑细选短语】
1. ⑴come with me＝follow me跟我来 ⑵come up到来 (p74-p75)
2. buy something for him＝buy him something (p75)
【知识链接】buy sb sth＝buy sth for sb，sth是直接宾语，sb是间接宾语；当直接宾语是it/them时，只能用buy it/them for sb，不能用buy sb it/them.
3. just a minute＝just a moment＝wait a minute＝wait a moment稍等片刻，请稍等 (p76)
4. take a look＝have a look看一看 (不直接加宾语)
5. a discount on last year’s cards去年的卡打折
【知识链接】They sold it at a discount of 30%.他们打七折将它卖出。注意中英文打折的不同表达方式，at a discount of 30%, 以七折出售(不是打三折)
【用法拓展】⑴sell vt.销售→sale n.出售，for sale出售，on sale贱卖，减价出售，e.g. This house is for sale. In August summer wear is on sale. ⑵salesman男售货员，saleswoman/salesgirl女售货员，shopkeeper店主。
6. take/have a look at…看一看…，类似的有：have/take a rest, have/take a swim
7. match her favourite T-shirt 与她最喜爱的T恤衫相配
8. different kinds of books →different kinds of不同种类的→all kinds of各种各样的 (p79)
【知识链接】这种帽子this kind of hat，这些种帽子these kinds of hats (注意kind后接单复数)
9. buy food for the birthday party 买生日聚会所需的食物→ 注意介词for在该短语中的使用
10. a pair of shoes一双鞋→ a pair of＋名词复数，一双…，一对…，一副…，一条…
【知识链接】a pair of gloves一副手套，a pair of trousers/jeans/shorts一条裤子/牛仔裤/短裤
11. invite Mr Wu to come to Simon and Sandy’s birthday party (p80)
【知识链接】invite sb to sp 邀请某人到某地→sb be invited to sp某人应邀到某地，invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事→sb be invited to do sth某人应邀做某事。 请做题
Last weekend the singer was (invite) to take part in a charity show.
12. wait for my turn →wait for one’s turn依次等候 → turn n.轮流 (p81)
【用法拓展】take turns to do sth轮流做某事，It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事了。e.g.
①Let’s take turns to be on duty. ②It’s his turn to answer the teacher’s question.
13. pay for her shoes →pay for sth付…款，Sb pay some money for sth某人买某物付…钱。
【用法拓展】含有pay的短语：pay attention to…注意，pay a visit to sb/sth拜访某人/参观某地
14. stay out too late在外逗留太晚 (p82)
15. spend your pocket money花你的零花钱→ How do you spend your pocket money (p84)
16. help the poor帮助穷人，visit a poor area in China访问中国的一个贫困地区，the children from the poor area来自贫困地区的儿童，children in poor areas贫困地区的儿童
17. children in need需要帮助的儿童 →be in need of…需要…，be in great need of…急需…
【知识链接】介词短语in need可作后置定语 e.g. A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
18. call us on 55513871＝contract us on 55513871，致电55513871给我们
19. ⑴send them some stationery＝send some stationery to them →send sb sth＝send sth to sb寄(送)某物给某人 ⑵raise some money for them →raise sth for sb为某人筹集某物 ⑶donate some money to them →donate sth to sb捐赠某物给某人。注意donate和raise搭配的介词不同。⑷collect sth收集某物，collect stamps
20. Yours sincerely, Yours faithfully, Yours truly，这些是正式信件末尾署名之前的客套话。
21. shop for girls女孩用品店，类似的有：clothes for men男式服装 (p87)
22. on the top floor在顶层→美式英语：在一楼on the first floor，在二楼on the second floor
【知识链接】英式英语：在一楼on the ground floor，在二楼on the first floor
23. different kinds of food from different countries来自不同国家的不同种类的食物
24. too many people太多的人→太多：⑴too many＋名词复数 ⑵too much＋不可数名词
【知识链接】too much可以单独使用或too much＋不可数名词，e.g. You shouldn’t eat too much.
【用法拓展】much too＋形容词或副词，实在太…, e.g. The price of the mobile is much too high.
25. inside the shop next door在隔壁的商店里，call 110 for help打110求助 (p89)
二．【百里挑一词汇】
1. free adj. ⑴空闲的be free＝have time有空 e.g. I’m free this afternoon.
⑵自由的 e.g. a free country ⑶免费的 e.g. a free concert ticket
2. 常见的店铺名称：bookshop/bookstore，clothes shop，electrical shop，flower shop，shoe shop，shopping mall，sports shop，supermarket，toy shop，exclusive agency专卖店；独家代理
3. bus stop公交站台，taxi rank出租车停靠站
三.【五星必背句型】
1. Do you have any good ideas ＝Do you have a good idea 你有好主意吗？ (p75)
【知识链接】Do you have any＋名词复数？Do you have a/an＋名词单数？
2. That’s a good idea.＝Good idea.好主意。注意：不能回答A good idea.
3. 谢谢：Thank you.→不用谢，别客气：①You’re welcome. ②That’s all right. ③Not at all. ④It’s a pleasure.
对不起：I’m sorry.→没关系：①It doesn’t matter. ②That’s all right. ③Not at all. ④Never mind.
4. What do you think 你怎么认为？你认为如何？
【知识链接】你认为…怎么样？What do you think of… =How do you like…
5. Can I help you ＝What can I do for you 要我帮忙吗？我能为你做什么？ (p76)
【知识链接】常用于服务行业中，服务员或营业员对顾客说的话；在不同的场合有不同的含义，要根据情景翻译，如：你要买(吃、喝…)点什么？顾客回答时只要直接说“I want…/I want to buy…”, “I’d like…/I’d like to buy…”或“I’m looking for…”就可以了。
6. —How much do the cards cost —They’re ￥10.
【知识链接】询问价钱的问句及答语：多少钱: How much, How much money
〈问句〉⑴How much be sth ⑵How much do/does/did sth cost
⑶How much be sth worth ⑷What be the price of sth
〈答语〉⑴It/They be …. ⑵It/They cost/costs …. ⑶It/They be worth…. e.g.
Q: —你的毛衣多少钱？①How much is your sweater ②How much does your sweater cost
③How much is your sweater worth ④What’s the price of your sweater
A: —200元。①It is ￥200. ②It costs ￥200. ③It is worth ￥200.
【用法拓展】某物太贵了。①Sth be too expensive. ②Sth cost/costs too much.
7. I’m sure you can find some nice clips for your friend.＝You are sure to find some nice clips for your friend.
【知识链接】I’m sure sb will/can do sth.＝Sb am/is/are sure to do sth.某人一定能做某事。e.g. I’m sure he will win the final match.＝He is sure to win the final match.
8. I don’t have enough money to buy her a CD then.
【知识链接】当enough是形容词时，enough＋名词；当enough是副词时，形容词或副词＋enough。
常用句型：①形容词或副词＋enough＋to do sth. ②not＋形容词或副词＋enough＋to do (sth) ＝too＋形容词或副词＋(for sb) to do (sth)＝so＋形容词或副词＋that sb can’t/couldn’t do sth e.g.
①You have enough time to finish your work. ②The problem is easy enough for me to solve. ③I’m too tired to walk any further.＝I’m so weak that I can’t walk any further. ④The box is too heavy for me to carry.＝The box is not light enough for me to carry.＝The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.
9. 常用的购物用语： (S＝Shopkeeper售货员，C＝Customer顾客) (p85)
S: What can I do for you / Can I help you
C: I want/would like to buy…/ I’d like/I want …I’m looking for….
S: What size do you wear/want/need What size are your…
C: I’m a size＋数字. Can I try them/it on
S: Yes, of course.
C: They fit me very well./It fits me very well. How much are they /How much is it
S: They are…./It is…
10. That’s too expensive. Do you have a cheaper pair 【注意】必须使用比较级cheaper，不能用原级cheap。
【知识链接】当顾客觉得商品价格太高时，询问售货员Do you have anything cheaper
11. There is a new shopping mall near my school. It is very easy to find.
→The new shopping mall is easy to find.＝It is easy to find the new shopping mall.
【知识链接】Sth be＋形容词＋to do.(Sth是不定式的逻辑宾语)＝It be＋形容词＋to do sth.(it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正主语) e.g. 学英语有用。English is useful to learn.＝It is useful to learn English.
12. The mall is a really fun place to go (to). It is a good place to meet people.
四.【中考无敌语法】现在进行时
㈠现在进行时的构成
⒈肯定式：主语＋am/is/are＋现在分词 ⒉否定式：主语＋am/is/are not＋现在分词
⒊疑问式：Am/Is/Are＋主语＋现在分词 ⒋疑问否定式：Am/Is/Are＋主语＋not＋现在分词
⒌现在分词的构成：
⑴直接加-ing：e.g. play→playing, wait→waiting, eat→eating
⑵去e加-ing：e.g. come→coming, write→writing, take→taking
⑶ie变为y加-ing：e.g. lie→lying(躺), die→dying(死), tie→tying(系)【联想记忆】“躺着死”
⑷双写尾字母加-ing：e.g. swim→swimming, begin→beginning, plan→planning, stop→stopping, run →running, prefer→preferring, win→winning, sit→sitting, chat→chatting, get→getting, set→setting, cut →cutting, shut→shutting, put→putting, hit→hitting
㈡现在进行时的用法
⒈表示此时此刻正在进行或发生的动作。e.g. The telephone is ringing. Would you answer it, please
⒉表示现阶段或当前一段时间内正在进行而说话时不一定正在进行的动作。e.g.
①We are working on a farm these days. ②He’s preparing for the exams these days.
⒊表示暂时性的动作。e.g.
①Oh, I’m feeling even worse! I think I’m going to die. ②The ambulance is arriving. ③I’m coming.
⒋在时间或条件从句中表示将来进行的动作。e.g.
①When you are talking with him, take care not to mention this.你与他说话时小心别提这事儿。
②Will you post this letter for me if you are passing a post-box 如果你路过邮箱，请帮我寄这封信吗？
⒌某些表示位移、停留等动词的现在进行时可以表示按照计划或不久之后肯定发生的动作或将要做的事。这些动词有：go, come, stay, leave, start等。e.g. She is leaving for London soon.
⒍表示反复出现或习惯性动作，往往含赞赏、遗憾、厌恶、不满等情绪。这时常与以下副词连用：always, gradually等。e.g. She’s always changing her mind.她老是改变主意。
⒎表示一种渐变的过程。e.g. It’s getting warmer and warmer.天气越来越暖和了。
㈢现在进行时的标志性单词、短语
【联想记忆】“现在”是“听”和“看”的“时刻”，可是“某人在哪里”呢？
当上述词语出现时，答句通常用现在进行时。
〈解析〉⑴四个“现在”：now, right now, at the moment, at present ⑵边“听”边“看”：Look. Listen.
⑶他(她)在哪里？Where is he/she ⑷It’s +时刻.
〈举例〉①I am waiting for my turn at the moment. ②Look. A boy is crying over there.
③Listen. Who is singing in the next room ④It’s 8:00a.m.They are having an English lesson. ⑤—Where is he —He is searching the Internet.