2021年中考复习人教版第二篇第二部分第25讲冠词课件（46张PPT）

第25讲 冠 词
第二部分 语法
冠词本身是虚词，不能单独作句子的成分，要放在名词前来帮助说明名词所指的含义。纵观近几年全国各地的中考试题，大多数地市的中考题都考到了冠词，其考试形式一般以单项选择出现，也有在完形填空中出现的。冠词分为不定冠词（a, an）和定冠词（the）两大类。在很多场合中，我们还会看到零冠词的提法。所谓零冠词就是不用冠词。冠词的用法如下表所示：
续 表
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续 表
续 表
{5FD0F851-EC5A-4D38-B0AD-8093EC10F338}考点盘点
1. 不定冠词 2. 定冠词 3. 零冠词
命题聚焦
不定冠词：主要考查单数可数名词前a 和an 的用法区别。
注意：不看字母看发音，要看读音音素是元音还是辅音。
定冠词：主要考查序数词前、最高级前等定冠词的使用。
零冠词：主要考查名词前不用冠词的情况以及习语中冠词的用法。
如：球类前、三餐饭前等。
例1 —What are you going to do this afternoon?
—I will go to the supermarket and buy umbrella for climbing the mountains.
A. a B. an
C. the D. \
(2020年广西贵港市中考题)
【解析】 句意：——今天下午你打算做什么?——我要去超市买一把雨伞去爬山。根据句意可知，此处是泛指一把雨伞，应用不定冠词来修饰，且 umbrella 的发音以元音音素开头，所以应用 an 修饰。故答案选 B。
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例2 —Bill, how often do you take walk?
—Every day.
A. a B. an
C. the D. \
(2020年广西北部湾经济区Ⅱ卷中考题)
【解析】 take a walk 意为“散步”，是固定搭配。句意：——比尔，你多久散步一次？——每天。故答案选 A。
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例3 —Bob, who’s man with invitation in hand by the door?
—He is my uncle.
A. \ ; a B. the; an
C. the; a D. \; the
(2020年广西玉林市中考题)
【解析】 名词后有介词短语修饰经常表示特指，用定冠词 the。本题句中的名词 man 被介词短语“with invitation in hand by the door”限定，所以应在其前加定冠词 the，特指在门边拿着请柬的那个人。第二空表示泛指，指请柬中的一张，且 invitation 以元音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词 an 修饰。句意：——在门边拿着请柬的那个人是谁?——他是我叔叔。故答案选 B。
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例4 My sister practices playing piano for the coming talent show.
A. a B. an
C. the D. \
(2020年广西百色市中考题)
【解析】 play 后跟西洋乐器名词时，需加定冠词 the，play the piano 意为“弹钢琴”。 句意：我妹妹为即将到来的才艺表演练习弹钢琴。故答案选 C。
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例5 Tom was happy to get a chance to play football for the school team.
A. a B. an
C. the D. \
(2020年江苏南通市中考题)
【解析】 “play+球类”意为“打(踢)某种球”，表示球类运动的名词前不用冠词；play football 意为“踢足球”。 句意：汤姆很高兴有机会为校队踢足球。故答案选 D。
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例6 —Does your teacher go to work by car every day?
—No. He usually takes bus.
A. \; \ B. \; the
C. a; the D. the; a
(2020年湖北咸宁市中考题)
【解析】 “by+交通工具”中间没有任何冠词，表示乘坐某种交通工具；take a/the bus 意为“乘坐公共汽车”，是固定搭配。句意：——你的老师每天开车上班吗？——不，他通常乘坐公共汽车。故答案选 B。
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例7 It took us half hour to read Little Women.
A. a B. an
C. the
(2020年湖南岳阳市中考题)
【解析】 a 用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前，即“不见元不加 an，不看字母看发音”。根据句意可知，这里表示“半个小时”，单词 hour 虽然以辅音字母 h 开头，但是 h 不发音，hour 是以元音音素/ /开头的，所以应用不定冠词 an。故答案选 B。
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例8 I enjoy having breakfast with my family at home. It makes me feel relaxed.
A. a B. the
C. \
(2020年湖南湘西州中考题)
【解析】 句意：我喜欢在家和家人一起吃早餐，这让我感到放松。 breakfast 意为“早餐”，一般在一日三餐前不用冠词。故答案选 C。
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例9 There is restaurant on North Street. It is most famous one here.
A. a； the B. the； a
C. the； an D. an； the
(2020年贵州毕节市中考题)
【解析】 句意：在北街有一家餐馆，它是这里最著名的。“一家餐馆”表示泛指，且 restaurant 以辅音音素开头，前面应用不定冠词 a；第二句中 here 表示比较的范围，结合句意可知，此处 most famous 是最高级形式，形容词的最高级前要加定冠词 the。故答案选 A。
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例10 Many more people have realized saving earth begins with small things.
A. a B. an
C. the
(2020年吉林省中考题)
【解析】 earth 为世界上独一无二的事物，它的前面要用定冠词 the。句意：很多人已经意识到拯救地球要从小事开始做起。故答案选 C。
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例11 David is such wonderful teacher that I have great fun in his class!
A. a; the B. a: \
C. a; a D. the; \
(2020年黑龙江大庆市中考题)
【解析】 根据关键词 such 可知，这里应用固定句型“such+a/an+adj.+名词单数+that...”，意为“如此……以至于……”，wonderful 以辅音音素开头，所以应用 a。 have fun 意为“玩得开心”，是固定搭配，不加冠词。句意：大卫是一个如此棒的老师以至于我在他的课上学得很开心! 故答案选B 。
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例12 —The dining hall is specially built for .
—That’s great! People over seventies won’t have to worry about their daily meals.
A. an old man B. the old man
C. the old
(2020年青海省中考题)
【解析】 “the+形容词”表示一类人，the old 表示“老年人”。句意：——这个餐厅是专门为老年人建造的。——那太好了！70岁以上的老人不用担心他们的日常饮食了。故答案选 C。
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例13 — Smiths are used to living in Shanghai now．
—We hope more and more foreign friends live better life in China．
A. \； a B. The； an
C. The； a D. \； the
(2019年广西玉林市中考题)
【解析】 第一空后 Smiths 为姓氏名词，“the+姓的复数”表示“一家人”，所以这里用定冠词 the 修饰，表示“史密斯一家人”；第二空表示泛指，better 是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词 a 修饰。句意：——史密斯一家现在习惯了住在上海。——我们希望越来越多的外国朋友在中国过着更好的生活。故答案选 C。
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例14 Qingdao is a beautiful city that lies in east of China.
A. an B. \
C. the D. a
(2019年山东青岛市中考题)
【解析】 east “东方”，表示方位的名词前常用定冠词 the。“in the+方位名词+of”表示“在……方向”。句意：青岛是一座美丽的城市，位于中国东部。故答案选 C。
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1. Look! There are so many stars in sky.
A. a B. an
C. the D. \
(2020年重庆市 A 卷中考题)
2. What nice day! Let’s go for a picnic.
A.a B. an
C.the D. \
(2020年重庆市 B 卷中考题)
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3. What unusual school trip we had! I will never forget it.
A.a B. an
C.the D. \
(2020年山东青岛市中考题)
4. Zhong Nanshan is not only excellent doctor but also a brave fighter.
A.a B. an
C.the
(2020年湖南郴州市中考题)
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5. —The photo makes me think of trip to Hangzhou last year.
—Yeah, we had great time there.
A. a; \ B. an; the
C. the; the D. the; a
(2020年新疆生产建设兵团中考题)
解析： to Hangzhou 作定语修饰名词 trip，特指去年去杭州的旅行，因此此处应用定冠词 the；have a great time“玩得开心”是固定搭配。
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6. —What are you going to be when you grow up?
—I’m going to be doctor like Zhong Nanshan.
A.a B. an
C.the D. \
(2020年贵州铜仁市中考题)
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7. Bruce likes playing soccer, so his father bought him soccer ball.
A. a; an B. the; a
C. \; the D. \; a
(2020年四川凉山州中考题)
8. The Smiths usually have picnic in the park on Sundays.
A. a B. \
C. the D. an
(2020年吉林长春市中考题)
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9. In 2016, China set April 24 as country’s Space Day.
A.a; the B. the; the
C.the;\ D. \; the
(2020年江苏扬州市中考题)
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10. It’s pity that many wild animals are now in danger. Please have pity on them since they are part of our big family.
A.a; \ B. a; a
C. \; a D. \; \
(2020年江苏泰州市中考题)
解析：第一空 pity 此处作可数名词，指“令人遗憾的事”，用于句型“It is a pity that...”；第二空考查固定短语 have pity on，意为“对……同情”。
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11. Chinese volleyball player Zhu Ting has become world-recognized sports star.
A. \ B. a
C. the
(2020年贵州安顺市中考题)
12. —What do you usually do after dinner?
—I usually watch news on TV for half hour to know about what’s happening.
A. \ B. the
C.a D. an
(2020年湖北宜昌市中考题)
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13. —What’s matter, Nancy?
—I have sore throat.
A.the; the B. the; a
C. \; a
(2020年山东菏泽市中考题)
解析：本题考查习惯表达和固定搭配。 what’s the matter/trouble with sb. 意为“……怎么了？”;have a sore throat 意为“嗓子痛”。
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14. I like playing chess but my brother likes playing piano.
A. the; the B. the; \
C. \; the
(2020年湖南怀化市中考题)
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15. Washing hands properly is good way to prevent us from COVID-19 .
A.a B. an
C.the D. \
(2020年山东东营市中考题)
16. You should take umbrella with you in England, even on sunny day.
A.a； a B. an； a
C. a； an
(2020年黑龙江绥化市中考题)
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17. Leap is film on the Chinese women’s national volleyball team. film is directed by a famous director.
A.a; A B. a; The
C. the; The D. the; A
(2020年江苏连云港市中考题改编)
18. I would like to be scientist in the future. They are so great.
A.a B. an
C.the D. \
(2020年辽宁沈阳市中考题)
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19. I got a nice gift from my aunt and gift was a souvenir(纪念品)from her study tour in England.
A. \ B. a
C. the
(2020年湖北恩施州中考题)
20. —Jimmy, are you the only child in your family?
—No, I have active sister.
A.a B. an
C.the D. \
(2020年云南省中考题)
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21. What good advice you’ve given me to keep healthy!
A. \ B. a
C.an D. the
(2020年贵州黔南州中考题)
22. China is Asian country while England is European country.
A.an; an B. a;a
C. an; a D. a;an
(2019年贵州铜仁市中考题)
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23. —Judy, how was camping?
—The other campers were nice, and we had fun time together.
A.a; a B. a; the
C.the; the D. the; a
(2019年河南省中考题)
24. To save time, many students have lunch at school every day.
A.a B. an
C. \ D. the
(2019年江苏淮安市中考题)
解析：表示泛指的一日三餐前通常不加冠词。
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25. After quick breakfast, Susan hurried to school.
A.the; a B. \; \
C.a; \ D. the; the
解析：一日三餐的名词前如果有形容词修饰，需要加不定冠词；hurry to school 意为“匆忙去学校”，中间无需加冠词，类似的表达还有 go to school。
26. —Did you get there by train?
—No, we took plane.
A.the; a B. a; the
C. \; \ D. \; the
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27. We all know failure is mother of success.
A.a； the B. \； the
C. the； a D. a； \
28. I saw notebook on the desk. notebook is Jerry’s.
A. a; The B. the; An
C.the; A D. an; The
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29. There’s “m” and “u” in the word “mug”.
A.a; an B. a; a
C.an; a D. an; an
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1. Cathy is American lady. She is teaching us English in China now.
A.a B. an
C.the D. \
(2020年广西贺州市中考题)
2. It’s raining outside. Here is umbrella for you.
A. a B. an
C. the D. \
(2020年广西河池市中考题)
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3. Annie can play piano very well.
A.a B. an
C. the D. \
(2020年广西梧州市中考题)
4. —Have you seen movie named My People, My Homeland (《我和我的家乡》) ?
—Of course. It’s really wonderful one for our students.
A.an; the B. the; a
C.a; a D. the; the
(2020年广西河池市二模试题改编)
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5. I usually have egg and some bread for breakfast.
A. a B. an
C.the D. \
(2019年广西北部湾经济区六市同城中考题)
6. Mike is from English-speaking country.
A．\ B. a
C. an D. the
(2019年广西百色市中考题)
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7. We often have three meals day. And we usually have breakfast at 8:00 every morning.
A. a; the B.a; a
C. a;\ D.\; the
(2019年广西河池市中考题)
8. Alice is honest girl. She never tells lies.
A.a B. an
C.the D. \
(2018年广西百色市中考题)
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解析： honest 意为“诚实的”，单词中 h 不发音，单词以元音/ /开头，所以用不定冠词 an。
9. —How often do you play tennis?
—Twice week. And I often play it in sports center in our school.
A.the; \ B. a; an
C.an; the D. a; the
(2018年广西玉林市中考题)
解析： twice a week 意为“一周两次”；sports center 后有 in our school 修饰，表示特指“我们学校的体育馆”，故第二空填 the。
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