中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit3
Section
A
Grammar
focus-4c教学设计
教学目标要求
1．能使用情态动词could有礼貌地提出请求并作答。如：Could
you
help
me
do
the
dishes?
No,
I
can’t.
I
cut
my
finger
and
I’m
trying
not
to
get
it
wet.
2．能使用情态动词could向别人请求许可并作答。如：Could
I
hang
out
with
my
friends
after
the
movie?
Yes,
but
don’t
come
back
too
late.
3．能谈论对不同家务活的不同观点，并能阐述原因。如：I
hate
some
chores
but
I
like
others.
I
don’t
want
to
do
that.
It’s
boring.
4．能运用语言知识进行对话、进行交际。
5．能认读并能工整书写所学单词：pass,
borrow,
lend,
finger,
hate,
chore,
while等。
6．能模仿录音正确朗读，分角色对目标语进行进一步的表达。例如，Could
I
borrow
that
book?
Yes,
sure.
No
problem.
I
finished
reading
it
last
night.
Step
1.Revision:
根据所学内容，写出下列短语。
叠衣服
做菜
用某人的电脑
扔垃圾
铺床
扫地
熬夜
生某人的气
带……出去散步
打扫客厅
在……上工作
过来
做家务
搭车
Free
talk:
A:
Mum,
could
I
go
out
for
dinner
with
my
friends?
B:
Sure,
that
should
be
OK.
A:
Could
I
get
something
to
drink
with
my
friends
after
the
movie?
B:
Sure,
you
can.
A:
Could
I
get
something
to
drink
with
my
friends
after
the
movie?
B:
No,
you
can’t,
you
have
a
basketball
game
tomorrow.
Step
2
Grammar
focus:
Key
sentence
structures
Could
you（please）+
V-原形？
表示委婉地提出请求
1.
Could
you
please
clean
your
room?
Yes,
sure./
Of
course./
Certainly./All
right.
2.
Could
you
please
do
the
dishes?
Sorry,
I
can’t.
I
have
to
do
my
homework.
—Peter,
could
you
please
take
out
the
trash?
—Sure,
Mom.
—Could
you
please
do
the
dishes?
—Sorry,
I
can’t.
I
have
to
do
my
homework.
情态动词的用法：
只作情态动词的
can
/
could,
may
/
might,
ought
to,
must可情态可实义的
need,
dare
可情态可助动词的
shall
/
should,
will
/
would
相当于情态动词的
have
to,
used
to
1)
情态动词不能单独做谓语,
除ought和have外,
后面只能接不带to的不定式。
2)
情态动词没有人称,
数的变化,
但有些情态动词,
如can、will也有一般式和过去式的变化。
情况
3)?情态动词的“时态”形式并不是时间区别的主要标志,
不少情况下,
情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。
can
和could：
1)
can的主要用法是：
?
A.?
表示体力或脑力的能力：
?
e.g.
The
girl
can
dance
very
well.
B.?
表示说话的推测﹑事物的可能性等:
e.g.
Can
the
news
be
true?
C.
在口语中,
can可以表示请求或允许:
e.g.
Can
I
sit
here?
can表示“能够”时与短语be
able
to同义，但can只用于一般现在时或过去时，而后者可用于各种时态。另外，can表示个人有某种能力，而be
able
to表示某人通过努力、克服困难做成某事，相当于succeed
in
doing
sth.；叙述过去事实时，最好用was
/
were
able
to，因为could只表示过去具有某种能力。
如：
Can
you
understand
the
different
kinds
of
English
these
people
are
using?
Two
years
later,
he
was
able
to
speak
very
good
Chinese.
2)
could的主要用法是：
A.
could
是can的过去式,
表示与过去
有关的能力和推测:
e.g.
We
all
knew
that
the
young
man
couldn’t
be
a
doctor.
B.
could可以代替can表示请求,
但语气较can客气、委婉:
e.g.
Could
you
lend
me
your
dictionary?
Could
I
use
your
bike?
3)
can和could接动词的完成形式，表示可能已经做某事。can用在否定和疑问句中,
表示不相信、怀疑等态度。
e.g.
They
can’t
have
gone
out
because
the
light
is
still
on.
以could或would提问时，不能再以could或would作答，而应该用can或will。如：
—Could
I
borrow
your
dictionary?
—Yes,
of
course
you
can.
could与can的区别
could与can都是情态动词,
could是can的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求,
但是用法稍有不同。
can
表示一般性的请求，语气随便,
常用于熟人之间或
长辈对晚辈,
上级对下级的场合。
e.g.
Can
you
tell
us
your
story,
Tony
?
Tony，你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗？
could表示有礼貌的请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈，下级对上级的场合。比如：
--Could
you
tell
us
if
it
snows
in
winter
in
Australia?
--Sure.
--请告诉我们,
澳大利亚冬天下雪吗?
--当然可以。
注意：1.
提出委婉的请求在回答中不可用could。
A:
Could
I
have
the
television
on?
B:
Yes,
you
can.
/
No,
you
can’t.
2.
在否定、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑用couldn’t。
He
couldn’t
be
a
bad
man.
他不大可能是坏人。
may和might
表示允许或请求;
表示没有把握的推测;
may放在句首,
表示祝愿。
May
God
bless
you!
He
might
be
at
home.
注意:
might
表示推测时,
不表示时态，只是可能性比may小。a
have
to和must
1.
两词都是
“必须”的意思,
have
to
表示客观的需要,
must
表示说话人主观上的看法,
既主观上的必要。
My
brother
was
very
ill,
so
I
had
to
call
the
doctor
in
the
middle
of
the
night.
我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)
He
said
that
they
must
work
hard.
他说他们必须努力工作。
(主观上要做这件事)
2.
have
to
有人称、数、时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。但must
可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。
He
had
to
look
after
his
sister
yesterday.
3.
在否定结构中:
don’t
have
to
表示
“不必”,
mustn’t
表示“禁止”。
You
don’t
have
to
tell
him
about
it.
你不一定要把此事告诉他。
You
mustn’t
tell
him
about
it.
你一定不要把这件事告诉他。
Step
3
Practice
Make
up
dialogues
using
the
sentences
in
Grammar
Focus
with
your
partner.
A:
Could
you
please
take
the
dog
for
a
walk?
B:
OK,
but
I
want
to
watch
one
show
first.
4a
Write
R
for
requests
and
P
for
permission.
Then
match
each
one
with
the
correct
response.
针对目标语进行控制性的实践活动。
Look
at
the
questions.
Please
write
R
for
requests
and
P
for
permissions.
Check
the
answers.
(When
students
check
the
answers,
they
should
read
the
whole
sentences
aloud.)
理解目标语言，选出适合的答语。
This
time
please
match
each
question
with
the
correct
response.
学生根据语境来选择答语。
Now,
let’s
check
the
answers.
学生进行自我评价(电子书可随机做出评价)。
跟读、齐读、分角色读对话，锻炼口语能力。
First,
read
the
sentences
together
loudly.
Then
read
with
your
partners.
Note：
borrow和lend
borrow和lend都有“借”的意思，但它们的含义和用法有所不同。
★
borrow表示“借入”，即把本来不属于自己的东西借来暂时使用，常与介词from连用。如：
You
can
borrow
a
book
from
the
library.?
★
lend表示“借出”，即把属于自己的东西借给别人暂时使用，常与介词to连用，也可以跟双宾语。如：
He’s
going
to
lend
his
bike
to
Tom.
You
mustn’t
lend
others
my
pen.?
4b
Fill
in
the
blanks
in
the
conversation.
继续进行控制性和开放性的实践活动。
Ask
students
to
look
at
the
conversation
in
4b.
Fill
in
the
blanks
in
the
conversation
according
to
their
understanding.
Check
the
answers.
Ask
several
students
to
read
their
conversations.
组织Pair
work，学生扮演角色模仿上述会话。
Now
try
to
make
a
new
conversation
like
4a.
Try
to
use
the
target
language
they
learned.
Ask
several
students
to
show
their
conversation.
4c
看图片，进行预测，为4c活动做好铺垫。
Look
at
the
picture
and
answer
the
questions:
1．Are
the
students
in
the
picture
at
school
or
are
they
away
from
school
in
the
open
air?
2．What
can
you
see
next
to
them?
How
many
tents
can
you
see?
3．What
are
they
doing,
do
you
think?
4．If
we
are
going
camping
with
our
friends,
what
should
we
bring
or
what
do
we
need
to
do
for
this
camping
trip?
Now
open
your
books
and
look
at
4c.
观看对话，小组练习对话，巩固目标语言。
Imagine
you
are
going
camping.
Make
a
list
of
things
your
group
needs
to
do
for
a
camping
trip.
Then
discuss
who
will
do
them
and
complete
the
chart.
You
can
use:
Could
you
please
…?
Yes,
sure.
/
Sorry,
I
can’t.
I
have
to
…
Could
I
…?
Yes,
you
can.
/
No,
you
can’t.
Step
5
Discussion
If
we
are
having
a
camping
trip,
what
should
we
do
before
the
trip?
Step
6
Exercises:
Step
7
Homework
这个暑假你与父母要去法国去度假，
你的宠物小猫Mimi需要请Jimmy帮忙照顾。请用下面的提示词给Jimmy写份留言。
take
care
of,
take
for
a
walk,
feed
and
give
some
water,
play
with
him,
clean
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
（共
2
页）
HYPERLINK
"http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
"
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit3
Section
A
(Grammar
Focus-4c)
同步练习
一、单项选择
1.
—Excuse
me,
can
I
____
your
pen?
—Sorry,
I
have
____
it
to
Bob.
A.
borrow;
lent
B.
borrow;
borrowed
C.
lend;
borrowed
D.
lend;
lent
2.
—Could
you
please
tell
me
how
to
improve
my
spoken
English?
—Certainly,
I
____.
A.
can
B.
could
C.
must
3.
—What
did
Alice
do
after
school
yesterday?
—She
____
out
with
her
friends.
A.
hang
B.
hung
C.
hanged
D.
hunged
4.
Please
____
me
a
piece
of
paper.
I
need
to
write
down
the
telephone
number.
A.
borrow
B.
train
C.
pass
D.
open
5.
He
doesn’t
smoke
and
hates
women
____.
A.
smokes
B.
smoke
C.
smoked
D.
smoking
6.
Sally
took
a
photo
of
her
friends
while
they
____
computer
games.
A.
play
B.
are
playing
C.
have
played
D.
were
playing
7.
—Could
you
please
answer
the
phone?
—____.
I’m
too
busy
now.
A.
That’s
right
B.
No
problem
C.
Sure
D.
Sorry,
I
can’t
8.
—Could
I
borrow
your
bike?
—____,
but
please
return
it
by
Sunday.
A.
I’m
sorry
B.
Of
course
C.
Let
me
see
D.
Thanks
9.
—I
didn’t
hear
you
come
in
just
now.
—That’s
good.
We
tried
____
any
noise,
for
you
were
sleeping.
A.
not
make
B.
not
to
make
C.
to
make
D.
making
二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写出单词
1.
Can
you
____
(借）your
English
book
to
me?
2.
—Be
careful
with
the
knife
or
you
will
cut
your
____(手指）.
—It
is
very
kind
of
you
to
say
that!
3.
It’s
raining
w____
the
sun
is
shining.
How
amazing
it
is!
4.
Look,
your
clothes
are
w____
through.
It
must
be
raining
heavily.
三、根据汉语意思完成句子
1.
请你帮我好吗？
______
______
______
______,
please?
2.
请你这儿多待一会儿好吗？
______
______
______
______
______
for
a
little
longer?
3.
当你外出时，请关上灯好吗？
Could
you
please
______
______
______
______
when
you
go
out?
4.
我能邀请一个朋友参加聚会吗？
______
______
______
some
friends
to
my
party?
5.
你做作业时，我能照看你的小狗吗？
______
______
______
______
your
little
dog
when
you
do
your
homework?
四、从方框中选择适当的选项补全对话
A:
Could
you
please
help
me
do
some
housework?
B:
OK.
1
A:
Could
you
please
brush(刷）your
father’s
shoes?
B:
Of
course.
2
A:
OK.
Could
you
wash
clothes
for
me
then?
B:
3
A:
Could
you
please
clean
the
living
room?
B:
Well.
4
A:
Sorry.
Could
you
please
go
to
the
movies
with
me?
B:
5
1.
____
2.
____
3.
____
4.
____
5.
____
A.
But
could
you
give
me
a
brush?B.
What
shall
I
do?C.
Great!D.
Yes,
I
can.E.
Could
you
please
not
give
me
so
many
things?
参考答案及解析
一、
1.
A
题意为：“打扰了，我可以借用一下你的钢笔吗？”“对不起，我已经把它借给鲍勃了。”borrow表示“借入”，lend表示“借给”，lend
sth.
to
sb.=lend
sb.
sth.意为“把……借给……”。故选A。
2.
A
考查情态动词的用法。Could
you
please…？句型的肯定回答用can。故选A。
3.
B
hang
out意为“闲逛”，此时hang的过去式为hung；而规则变化hanged意为“绞死”。故选B。
4.
C
borrow“借进”；train“培训”；pass“递给”；open“打开”。由下文句意“我需要记下电话号码”可知，上文句意为“请递给我一张纸”。故选C。
5.
D
hate
sb.
doing
sth.意为“讨厌某人做某事”。句意为：“他不抽烟，并且讨厌女士抽烟。”
6.
D
根据句意“当朋友玩电脑游戏时，萨莉为他们照相”可知，两个动作同时发生，while后常接进行时。由动词took可知应用过去进行时。故选D。
7.
D
由答语句意“我现在太忙”可推测不能接电话，故选D。
8.
B
由答语句意“但是在周日之前请归还”可知，同意借给对方自行车。故选B。of
course意为“当然可以”。
9.
B
考查非谓语动词的用法。try
to
do
sth.意为“努力/尽力做某事”，否定式为try
not
to
do
sth.，由句意“因为你正在睡觉”可知“我们尽量不去制造任何噪声”。故选B。
二、
1.
lend
2.
finger(s)
3.
while
4.
wet
三、
1.
Could/Can
you
help
me
2.
Could/Can
you
please
stay
here
3.
turn
off
the
light(s)
4.
Could/Can
I
invite
5.
Could/Can
I
look
after
四、
1.
B
2.
A
3.
D
4.
E
5.
C
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
（共
2
页）
HYPERLINK
"http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
"
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共33张PPT)
Unit
3
Could
you
please
clean
your
room?
SectionA(Grammar
focus-4c)
新目标(Go
for
it)版八年级下册
Warming-up
Let’s
Watch
a
video
and
answer
the
question.
Questions:
How
many
kinds
of
chores
can
you
find?
过来
整天
遛狗
帮忙
扔下
总是；一直
惊讶地
在...前面
根据箭头指向的汉语说出英语短语。
Revision
throw
down
in
front
of
come
over
take
the
dog
for
a
walk
all
the
time
help
out
all
day
in
surprise
1、New
words:
pass,
borrow,
lend,
finger,
hate,
chore,
while
2、New
phrases:
pass
sb.
sth.
,
lend
sb.
sth.
,
borrow
sth.
from
sb.
3、Ability
Objective：
Make
polite
requests
and
Ask
for
permission
4、Moral
Objective：
主动地去帮助做杂务，分担杂务。
Learning
Aims
Words
review
pass
[pɑ?s]
v.
给；递；经过
borrow
[?b?r??]
v.
借入，借用
lend
[lend]
v.
借出；把…借给
Words
review
finger
['f??g?]
n.
指头,手指
hate
[he?t]
v.
厌恶；讨厌
chore
[t???(r)]
n.
讨厌的工作;琐事
throw
neither
lend
while
chore
borrow
pass
finger
hate
shirt
Words
game
1.
Sweep
the
floor,
Peter!
2.
Can
you
sweep
the
floor,
Peter?
3.
Could
you
please
sweep
the
floor?
Think：Which
is
the
most
polite
one?
Choose
one.
Leading-in
Could
I
go
out
for
dinner
with
my
friends
?
Sure,
that
should
be
OK.
Could
we
get
something
to
drink
after
the
movie
?
No,
you
can't.
You
have
a
basketball
game
tomorrow.
Could
you
please
take
the
dog
for
a
walk
?
OK,
but
I
want
to
watch
one
show
first.
Could
you
please
take
out
the
rubbish
?
Yes,
sure.
都含有______,表示礼貌、委婉地请求_______或________。
could
允许
帮助
比_____
的语气
更委婉。
can
Presentation
情态动词could的用法
用法一：表示请求允许或帮助
①
Could
________
+
______？
表示请求得到对方的许可。意为
“我（们）可以做某事吗？”
I
/
we
V原
肯：
否：
Yes,
sure
/
you
can.
No
/
Sorry,
you
can't.
不能用could回答！
enjoy
dinner
with
my
family.
A:
Mum,
could
I
go
out
for
dinner
with
my
friends?
B:
Sure,
that
should
be
OK.
A:
Could
I
get
something
to
drink
with
my
friends
after
the
movie?
B:
Sure,
you
can.
A:
Could
I
get
something
to
drink
with
my
friends
after
the
movie?
B:
No,
you
can’t,
you
have
a
basketball
game
tomorrow.
情态动词could的用法
用法一：表示请求允许或帮助
②
Could
_______
(
please
)
+
_____？
表示有礼貌地请求对方做某事，在语气
上比_____更委婉。
you
V原
can
not
肯定回答：
否定回答：
Yes,
you
can.
/
Sure.
/
Of
course.
/
Certainly.
/
It's
OK.
/
All
right.
No
/
Sorry,
I
(we)
can't.
Sorry,
I'm
afraid
not.
/
Please
don't.
take
out
the
rubbish
扔垃圾
A:
Can
you
please
take
out
the
rubbish?
B:
Yes,
sure.
take
the
dog
for
a
walk
遛狗
A:
Can
you
please
take
the
dog
for
a
walk?
B:
OK,
but
I
want
to
watch
one
show
first.
4a
R
→
request
P
→
permission
请求
允许
1.
___
Could
I
hang
out
with
my
friends
after
the
movies
?
2.
___
Could
you
please
pass
me
the
salt
?
3.
___
Could
I
borrow
that
book?
4.
___
Could
you
help
me
do
the
dishes
?
5.
___
Could
you
lend
me
some
money
?
P
R
P
R
R
hang
out闲逛
borrow
&
lend
都有“借”的意思，但含义和用法不同。
★
borrow表示“借入”，把本来不属于自己的东西借来暂时使用，常用结构为：borrow
sth.
from
sb.
或borrow
one’s
sth.
意为“向某人借某物”。
★
lend表示“借出”，把属于自己的东西借给别人暂时使用，常用结构为：lend
sb.
sth.
或lend
sth.
to
sb.
意为“借给某人某物”。
用borrow或lend的正确形式填空：
1.
He
_________
a
book
from
me,
and
never
returned
it.
2.
Can
I
_________
your
bicycle?
3.
Joe
________
this
car
to
us
for
the
weekend.
4.
I
__________
two
books
from
the
library.
5.
English
has
__________
many
words
from
French.
borrowed
borrow
lent
borrowed
borrowed
情态动词could的用法
用法二：表示能力
情态动词could是_______的过去式，译为“_____________”表示_______________。
可以；能够
can
I
could
read
at
the
age
of
3.
过去的能力
could
（not）+
V原
could没有人称和数的变化！
I
could
swim
when
I
was
young.
（改为一般疑问句，作出回答）
Could
you
swim
when
you
were
young
?
---
Yes,
I
could.
---
No,
I
couldn't.
could表示能力时，肯/否定回答可用could！
情态动词could的用法
用法三：表示________
通常用在肯定句中。
______________________也可以用来表示推测。
推测
He
could
be
running
after
a
bus.
may
/
might
/
must
4b
Fill
in
the
blanks
in
the
conversation.
A:
I
hate
to
______
chores.
B:
Well,
I
hate
some
chores
too,
but
I
like
other
chores.
A:
Really
?
Great!
________
I
ask
you
to
______
me
with
some
chores
then?
B:
What
do
you
need
help
with?
do
Could
help
hate意为“憎恨，厌恶，不喜欢”，其后可接名词、代词、动词的-ing形式以及动词不定式等。
If
your
family
will
have
a
camping
trip,
what
should
you
do
before
the
trip?
Brainstorming
What
should
you
do
before
the
trip?
buy
some
drinks
buy
some
food
take
a
big
cloth
bring
a
tent
take
an
umbrella
take
a
rubbish
bag
bring
a
camera
prepare
some
programs
could的用法
can
的过去时
礼貌的请求
请求许可
推测
I
could
run
fast
when
I
was
a
little
boy.
Could
you
please
take
out
the
rubbish?
You
could
talk
to
your
teacher.
He
couldn’t
be
at
home
then.
Could
I
go
out
for
dinner
with
my
friends？
建议
Summary
1.We
should
always
love
our
parents.
2.We
should
help
them
do
the
chores.
Remember
To-do
list
Name
bring
a
tent
Liu
Chang
Make
a
list
of
things
your
family
members(家庭成员)
need
to
do
for
a
camping
trip.
Then
discuss
who
will
do
them
and
complete
the
chart.
Examples:
A:
Could
you
please
bring
a
tent,
my
brother?
B:
Sure.
And
could
you
please…?
A:
Sorry,
I
can’t.
I
have
to
…
A:
Could
I
take
my
favorite
food,
dad?
B:
Sure.
You
can
take
them.
Homework
谢谢
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)
中小学教育资源网站
有大把高质量资料？一线教师？一线教研员？
欢迎加入21世纪教育网教师合作团队！！月薪过万不是梦！！
详情请看：
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php
