(共18张PPT)
Unit
4 HISTORY
AND
TRADITIONS
美
文
导
入
素养解读：近几年英语考试的突出特点是坚持能力立意，突出对核心素养的考查。下面这篇文章就是围绕“思维品质”这一学科素养展开的。文章介绍了加拿大渥太华著名的几处地方，有助于提升同学们的语言表达能力、拓展国际视野。
主题：
渥太华简介
学科素养：文化意识 难度系数：★★★★
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，描写了加拿大渥太华著名的几处地方，并分别对这几处地方进行了详细的说明。
Ottawa
is
the
capital
of
Canada.①It
is
the
second
largest
city
in
Ontario
and
the
fourth
largest
city
in
the
country.
The
Centre
Block
is
the
main
building
on
Parliament
Hill.It
is
also
the
location
of
a
few
ceremonial(仪式的)
spaces.The
present
Centre
Block
is
the
second
copy
of
the
building,
and
it
is
one
of
the
most
recognizable
buildings.
Downtown
Ottawa
is
the
commercial
and
economic
centre
of
the
city.Most
of
the
buildings
are
office
towers.②While
most
of
Ottawa's
high
tech
industry
is
based
elsewhere,
it
has
a
significant
presence
in
the
downtown
core.The
downtown
also
contains
many
apartments,
hotels,
and
the
older
single
family
homes.
The
National
Gallery
of
Canada
is
one
of
Canada's
premier
art
galleries.The
Gallery
has
a
large
collection
of
paintings,
drawings,
and
photographs.Although
its
focus
is
on
Canadian
art,
it
also
holds
works
by
some
famous
artists.
The
Rideau
Canal
is
the
oldest
canal
system
in
North
America.③At
the
very
beginning,
the
purpose
of
it
was
military,
as
it
was
intended
to
provide
a
safe
supply
and
communication
route(路线)
between
Montreal
and
the
British
naval
base
in
Kingston.It
remains
in
use
for
pleasure，with
most
of
its
original(最初的)
structures
undamaged.The
locks
on
the
system
open
for
navigation
in
mid－May
and
close
in
mid－October.
○重要短语
①in
the
downtown
core在商业区中心；在市中心
②an
art
gallery
一条艺术画廊
③a
collection
of
收集；一批物品
○句型精析
①It
is
the
second
largest
city
in
Ontario
and
the
fourth
largest
city
in
the
country.
分析：本句是最高级的表达方法。
译文：它是安大略省第二大城市和全国第四大城市。
②While
most
of
Ottawa's
high
tech
industry
is
based
elsewhere,
it
has
a
significant
presence
in
the
downtown
core.
分析：连词while在本句中意为“尽管”，不能和but
连用。
译文：尽管渥太华的大部分高科技行业设在别处，但是它(商业办公大楼)在市中心占有重要的地位。
③At
the
very
beginning,
the
purpose
of
it
was
military,
as
it
was
intended
to
provide
a
safe
supply
and
communication
route
between
Montreal
and
the
British
naval
base
in
Kingston.
分析：本句为as引导的原因状语从句。as意为“因为”。
译文：起初，里多运河是军用的，因为它原本是被设计为一个安全的供给地以及蒙特利尔和英国海军在金斯顿基地的交通路线。
○开口show
根据文章内容回答下列问题
1．Q：What
do
you
think
of
The
Centre
Block?
A：____________________
2．Q：In
the
core
of
Downtown
Ottawa,
what
could
you
see?
A：____________________
3．Q：What
are
collections
in
The
National
Gallery
of
Canada?
A：____________________
4．Q：What
is
the
oldest
canal
system
in
North
America?
A：____________________
【答案】
1．The
Centre
Block
is
the
main
building
on
Parliament
Hill.
It
is
also
the
location
of
several
ceremonial
spaces.
2．Most
of
the
buildings
are
office
towers.The
downtown
also
contains
many
apartments,
hotels,
and
the
older
single
family
homes.
3．The
National
Gallery
has
a
large
collection
of
paintings,
drawings
and
photographs.
4．The
Rideau
Canal.
核心素养目标
【语言技能】
知道如何表达“一个地方的历史和传统”；
掌握重点词汇和句式；
学习过去分词作定语和宾语补足语；
利用“看”的技能预测文章内容。
【素养提升】
学会使用所学词汇和句式描写一个地方的位置、历史和文化传统的相关短文；
学会并能掌握不同的茶文化。(共19张PPT)
Unit
4 HISTORY
AND
TRADITIONS
单元要点回顾
知识要点
重点内容
重点词汇
1．___________adj.
单独的；个别的
n．个人
2．Confucius n．________
3．________
adj.
最重要的；最高级的n.
首领；酋长
4．philosophy n．________
5．________
adj.附近的；邻近的adv.在附近
6．currency n．________
7．________adj.军事的；军用的
8．port
n.
________
individual
孔子
chief
哲学
nearby
货币
military
港口
知识要点
重点内容
重点词汇
9．________n．防御；保卫
10．gallery
n.
_____________
11．________adj.法律的；合法的
12．landscape
n.
________
13．________vt.围绕；包围
14．butter
n.
_____________vt.
____________
15．________n．证据；证明
16．honey
n.
________
defence
展览馆；画廊
legal
风景
surround
黄油；奶油
涂黄油于
evidence
蜂蜜
知识要点
重点内容
重点词汇
17．_____________n．成就；成绩；达到
18．snack
n.
___________
19．________
n．地方；地点；位置
20．poet
n.
________
21．________n．战役；搏斗vi.&
vt.搏斗；奋斗
22．county
n.
________
23．________n．收费；指控；主管
vt.收费；控告；充电
achievement
点心；小吃
location
诗人
battle
郡；县
charge
知识要点
重点内容
重点词汇
24．cattle
n.
________
25．________vt.宣布；通知；声称
26.pub
n.
___________
27．________n．金额；数量
28．ocean
n.
___________
29．________n．方法；途径；接近
vt.接近；接洽；着手处理
vi.靠近
30．wine
n.
____________
牛
announce
酒吧；酒馆
amount
大海；海洋
approach
葡萄酒；果酒
知识要点
重点内容
重点词汇
31．________vt.保证；确保；担保
32．generous
adj.
______________________
33．________n．祖先；祖宗
34．position
n．___________________
35．________adj.热切的；渴望的
36．roll
vi.&
vt.__________________
n．________
37．________vt.问候；迎接
38．custom
n.
___________________
ensure
慷慨的；大方的；丰富的
ancestor
位置；姿态；职位
eager
(使)翻滚；(使)滚动
卷；翻滚
greet
风俗；习俗；习惯
知识要点
重点内容
重点词汇
39．________n．人群；一群人；民众
vt.挤满；使……拥挤
40．kingdom
n.
_______________
41．________vi.应在(某处)；适应
42．beer
n.
_______________
crowd
王国；领域
belong
(一杯)啤酒
知识要点
重点内容
拓展词汇
1．________
n．谜；智力游戏；疑问
vt.迷惑；使困惑→________
adj.迷惑不解的
→___________
adj.令人迷惑的
2．________vi.应在(某处)；适应
→___________
n．财产；所有物
3．________
n．防御；保卫
→________
vt.保护；保卫
puzzle
puzzled
puzzling
belong
belongings
defence
defend
知识要点
重点内容
拓展词汇
4．________
adj.法律的；合法的→________
adj.不合法的
5．________
vt.围绕；包围→___________
adj.周围的→____________
n．周围的事物；环境
6．________
n．证据；证明→________
adj.清楚的；明白的；显而易见的；显然的
7．____________
n．成就；成绩；达到
→________
vt.完成；达到
legal
illegal
surround
surrounding
surroundings
evidence
evident
achievement
achieve
知识要点
重点内容
拓展词汇
8．________
n．地方；地点；位置
→________
vt.位于；坐落于
9．________
adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的
→________
vt.使着迷；使神魂颠倒
10．________
vt.宣布；通知；声称
→______________
n．通知
11．________
adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→__________
n．慷慨；大方
location
locate
fascinating
fascinate
announce
announcement
generous
generosity
知识要点
重点内容
拓展词汇
12．________
adj.热切的；渴望的
→________
adv.热切地；渴望地
13．________
vt.问候；迎接
→________n．问候
14．________
n．人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤→________
adj.拥挤的
eager
eagerly
greet
greeting
crowd
crowded
知识要点
重点内容
重点短语
1．_______________
把……和……连接或联合起来
2．break
away
from
___________________
3．_______________
属于
4．as
well
as
__________________
5．______________________
留心；留意
6．be
surrounded
by/with
_______________
7．_______________
坐落于
join…to
脱离；背叛；逃离
belong
to
同(一样也)；和；还
keep
your
eyes
open
(for)
被……包围着
be
located
in
知识要点
重点内容
重点短语
8．be
eager
for/be
eager
to
do
_______________
9．_____________________
成就感
10．be
crowded
with
_______________
渴望(做)
a
sense
of
achievement
挤满
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
1．Finally,
in
the
20th
century,
the
southern
part
of
Ireland
broke
away
from
the
UK,
________
resulted
in
the
full
name
we
have
today：the
United
Kingdom
of
Great
Britain
and
Northern
Ireland.
最后，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离英国，形成了我们今天的全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
【答案】which
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
2．They
introduced
the
beginnings
of
the
English
language,
and
changed
________
________
people
built
houses.
他们引进了英语，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。
【答案】the
way
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
3．________
________
________
of
the
country
will
make
your
visit
much________
________.
学习这个国家的历史将使你的旅行更加愉快。
【答案】Studying
the
history；more
enjoyable
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
4．If
you
keep
your
eyes
open,
you
will
be
________
________
________
that
you
can
see
both
its
past
and
its
present.
如果你留心，你会惊奇地发现你能看到它的过去和现在。
【答案】surprised
to
find
知识要点
重点内容
重点语法
过去分词作定语和宾语补足语
1．They
use
the
same
flag,
________(know)
as
the
Union
Jack,
as
well
as
share
the
same
currency
and
military
defence.
2．They
had
castles
________(build)
all
around
England,
and
made
changes
to
the
legal
system.
known
built (共65张PPT)
Unit
4 HISTORY
AND
TRADITIONS
Period
Four Reading
for
Writing—Video
Time
课前自主预习
1．have
a
great
influence
on…____________________
2．more
than____________________
3．turn
red____________________
4．start
with
…____________________
5．in
ruins
____________________
6．take…as
an
example____________________
对……有很大的影响
多于；不仅仅；非常
变红
以……开始
成为废墟
以……为例
1．On
a
quite
morning
in
the
mountains,
feel
the
sun
on
your
skin,
and
breathe
in
the
sweet
scent
of
fresh
flowers________(然而)
birds
greet
the
new
day
with
their
morning
song.
2．With
all
this
beauty,
______________(不足为奇)
Ireland
has
developed
strong
traditions
that
include
music,
dancing,
and
dining.
【答案】1.while 2.it
is
not
surprising
that
课堂新知讲练
1．greet
vi.&
vt.问候；迎接
(P44)On
a
quiet
morning
in
the
mountains,
feel
the
sun
on
your
skin,
and
breathe
in
the
sweet
scent
of
fresh
flowers
while
birds
greet
the
new
day
with
their
morning
song.
【翻译】在一个安静的早晨，在山间感受太阳照在你的皮肤上，呼吸清新的花香，而鸟儿用它们的晨歌迎接新的一天。
(1)greeting
n．问候；招呼；祝贺
greetings
n．打招呼；问候语
(2)greeter
n．迎宾；迎候顾客的服务员
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)greet
sb.
with…用……迎接某人；用……和某人打招呼
(2)send
greetings
to
sb.向某人致意
Please
give
my
greetings
to
Miss
Macleod.
请代我向麦克劳德小姐问好。
He
greeted
all
the
guests
warmly
as
they
arrived.
客人到达时他都热情接待。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)She________(greet)
us
with
a
nod
when
she
saw
us
in
the
street.
(2)She
sent
us
a
card
with
birthday________(greet)．
【答案】(1)greeted (2)greetings
完成句子
(3)Whenever
I
met
her,
which
was
fairly
often,
she
________
________
________(用……跟我打招呼)
a
smile.
(4)Please
________
________
________
________(代我问候)
your
parents.
【答案】(3)greeted
me
with (4)send
my
greetings
to
2．custom
n．风俗；习俗；习惯
(P44)What
are
the
best
ways
to
experience
Chinese
traditions
and
customs?
【翻译】体验中国的传统和习俗的最好方式是什么？
(1)复数customs还专指“海关”，a
customs
officer海关官员
(2)customer
n．顾客；家伙
(3)customary
adj.习惯的；通常的
(4)customize
vt.按客户具体要求定做
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
He
has
formed
a
bad
habit
of
smoking
since
an
early
age.
他从小形成了吸烟的不良习惯。
The
celebration
of
the
Spring
Festival
in
China
is
a
custom.
在中国庆祝春节是一个习俗。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)It
________
________
________
________(已经变成一个习俗)to
hold
a
party
to
celebrate
the
harvest
every
year.
(2)________
________
________
________
________
________
________(对中国人来说……是一种习俗)to
set
off
fireworks
during
the
Spring
Festival
to
get
rid
of
ill
fortune.
【答案】(1)has
become
a
custom
(2)It
is
a
custom
for
Chinese
people
辨析填空(custom/habit)
(3)There
is
a
nice
________
in
the
area.That
is
to
say,
people
have
formed
the
________
of
getting
together
to
celebrate
the
harvest.
【答案】custom；habit
3．crowd
n．人群；一群人；民众
vt.拥挤；使……拥挤
(P46)Dave
could
not
find
a
seat
in
the
room.It
was
very
crowded.
【翻译】戴夫在房间里找不到座位。那里非常拥挤。
(1)crowded
adj.拥挤的；塞满的
(2)crowds
n．人群；大众；一大堆；观众
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)a
crowd
of/crowds
of
一群；许多
(2)crowd
into…
挤进……
crowd
in
(想法、问题等)涌上(某人心头)；涌入(某人脑海)
(3)be
crowded
with充满……；满是……
The
studio
was
crowded
with
visitors.录音棚到处是访客。
The
crowd
crowded
into
the
stadium
which
was
crowded
with
audience.
人群挤进体育馆里，里面挤满了观众。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Hundreds
of
people
crowded________the
nearby
church
for
the
wedding.
(2)Too
many
uncomfortable
thoughts
were
crowding
_______
on
her.
(3)In
_______(crowd)places
like
airports
and
railway
stations,
you
must
take
care
of
your
luggage.
【答案】(1)into (2)in (3)crowded
完成句子
(4)My
father
warned
me
against
going
to
the
west
coast
because
it
________
________
________(满是)
tourists.
【答案】was
crowded
with
4．have
an
influence
on…对……有影响
(P44)Ireland's
beautiful
countryside
has
always
had
a
great
influence
on
its
people
and
traditions.
【翻译】爱尔兰美丽的乡村一直对其人民和传统有很大的影响。
(1)
have
a
bad
influence
on…
对……有不好的影响
(2)influence
sb./sth.
影响某人/某物
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)affect
sb./sth.影响某人/某物
(2)have
an
effect/impact
on/upon
…
对……有影响
Confucius
greatly
influences
the
development
of
China's
culture
and
education.
孔子对中国的文化和教育的发展有着深远的影响。
My
physics
teacher
was
my
role
model,
whose
influence
on
me
had
to
do
with
my
decision.
物理老师是我的榜样，他对我的影响与我所作的决定有关系。
【易混辨析】
词汇
词性
含义
例句
effect
n.
影响；作用
Smoking
has
a
bad
effect
on
your
health.
affect
vt.
影响
Sometimes
the
weather
may
affect
your
mood.
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)You
can't
imagine
the
influence
you
have
________me.
(2)His
teaching
methods
still
have
a
strong
effect
________
young
people.
【答案】(1)on/upon (2)on/upon
一句多译
那本书极大地影响了她。
(3)The
book
________
________
________.
(4)The
book
________
________
________
________
________
________.
【答案】(3)influences/affects
her
greatly
(4)has
a
great
influence
/effect
/impact
on/upon
her
5．make
up构成；形成；编造；和解；弥补；化妆
(P44)And
down
by
the
sea,
the
roar
of
the
ocean
waves
and
cries
of
the
seabirds
make
up
the
music
of
the
coast.
【翻译】在大海深处，海浪的轰鸣声和海鸟的叫声构成了海岸的音乐。
(1)be
made
up
of
…
由……组成
(2)make
up
for弥补
(3)make
up
one's
mind
下定决心
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)make
out辨认出；明白；理解
(2)make
it取得成功
(3)make
the
best
of充分利用
(4)make
full
use
of充分利用
As
long
as
you
have
a
dream,
keep
trying
and
you'll
make
it.
只要你有梦想，不断努力就一定能成功。
Westerners
should
take
advantage
of
the
ancient
Chinese
wisdom
to
make
up
for
the
drawbacks
of
Western
philosophy.
西方人应当利用古老的中国智慧弥补西方哲学的不足。
【易混辨析】
词汇
用法
make
up
“组成”，表示“部分组成整体”
consist
of
“由……组成”，无被动形式也没有进行时态，其本身意为“由……组成”，所以意思上等同于be
made
up
of
make
up
for
“弥补”，后跟“用以弥补的东西”
be
made
up
of
“由……组成”，表示“一个整体由几个部分组成”
[针对练习]
写出下列句子中make
up的意思
(1)Different
qualities
make
up
a
person's
character.________
(2)The
company
will
be
forced
to
pay
6
million
dollars
to
make
up
the
difference.________
(3)She
spent
two
hours
making
herself
up
before
the
party.________
(4)He
made
up
a
song
in
memory
of
the
hero.________
(5)Have
you
made
up
with
Patty
yet？________
【答案】(1)组成；构成 (2)补足；凑足 (3)化妆 (4)创作 (5)和好
完成句子
(6)We
need
two
more
volunteers
to
________
________
________
________(组成一个团队)．
(7)Our
class
________
________
________
________(由……构成)
fifty
students.
【答案】(6)make
up
a
team (7)is
made
up
of
1．(P44)
On
a
quiet
morning
in
the
mountains,
feel
the
sun
on
your
skin,
and
breathe
in
the
sweet
scent
of
fresh
flowers
while
birds
greet
the
new
day
with
their
morning
song.
【翻译】在一个安静的早晨，在山间感受太阳照在你的皮肤上，呼吸清新的花香，而鸟儿用它们的晨歌迎接新的一天。
【考点提炼】
while并列连词，连接两个句子，意为“而，然而”，表前后意义上的对比或转折。
【归纳拓展】
(1)while可作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”；
(2)while可作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，常常放于句首。
I
was
never
very
neat,
while
my
roommate
Kate
was
extremely
organized.
我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，而我的室友凯特却特有条理。
While
I
was
walking
down
the
street，I
noticed
a
police
car
in
front
of
the
store.
当我在大街上散步时，我注意到了商店前面的一辆警车。
That
season,
I
broke
all
of
Miller's
records
while
he
watched
the
home
games
from
the
bench.
那个赛季，我打破了米列尔的所有记录，然而他却坐在长凳上观看主场比赛。
While
online
shopping
has
changed
our
life,
not
all
of
its
effects
have
been
positive.
尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但并非它所有的影响都是正面的。
[针对练习]
写出下列句中while的含义
(1)While
the
students
came
from
different
countries,
they
got
along
quite
well
in
the
summer
camp.________
(2)Two
years
ago,
while
Cathy
was
watching
the
Olympics,
a
dream
came
into
her
sweet
little
head－
to
be
a
swimmer.________
(3)There's
no
way
of
knowing
why
one
man
makes
an
important
discovery
while
another
man,
also
intelligent,
fails.________
【答案】(1)虽然；尽管 (2)当……时候 (3)然而
完成句子
(4)________
________
________
________(工作时工作),
and
play
while
you
play.
(5)She
was
dressed
in
red,
________
________
________
________
________
________(而他穿的是白的)．
【答案】(4)Work
while
you
work
(5)while
he
was
dressed
in
white
2．(P44)
With
all
this
beauty,
it
is
not
surprising
that
Ireland
has
developed
strong
traditions
that
include
music,
dancing,
and
dining.
【翻译】有了这些美景，爱尔兰形成包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮在内的强大传统也就不足为奇了。
【考点提炼】
It
is/was
surprising
that…“令人吃惊……”，it在句中作形式主语，代指后面that引导的主语从句。it作形式主语的常用句式：
(1)It
be＋形容词(possible,
obvious,
important…)＋that…
(2)It
be＋名词短语(a
pity,
a
fact,
a
wonder,
no
wonder…)＋that从句
【归纳拓展】
其他用it作形式主语的句型还有：
(1)It
is
said
that…
据说……
(2)It
is
reported
that…
据报道……
(3)It
is
well
known
that…
众所周知……
(4)It
occurred
to
sb.
that…
某人突然意识到……
(5)It
is
likely
that…
很可能……
(6)It
seems
that…
好像……
It
is
obvious
that
the
polluted
air
is
harmful
to
our
health.
很明显，污染的空气对我们的健康有害。
I'm
very
delighted
to
know
that
you're
going
to
visit
a
Chinese
family.It's
necessary
that
you
should
know
about
table
manners
of
China.
听说你要去拜访一个中国家庭，我非常高兴。你有必要了解一下中国的餐桌礼仪。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)________
________
________
________
she
should
speak
to
her
mother
in
such
a
rude
manner.
真奇怪，她竟然用那么无礼的方式跟她母亲说话。
(2)________
________
________
________
everyone
should
learn
to
get
along
well
with
others
in
a
new
environment.
在新环境中学会和他人友好相处对每个人都很重要。
(3)________
________
________
________
________you
had
a
wonderful
time
in
Spain
this
summer.
今年夏天你在西班牙过得极为愉快不足为奇。
【答案】(1)It
is
strange
that (2)It
is
important
that
(3)It
is
no
wonder
that
写作高效提升
◎话题短语
1．冬暖夏凉
warm
winters
and
cool
summers
2．雨量充足
lots
of
rainfall/be
rich
in
rain
3．有……的总面积
have
a
total
area
of…
4．有……的人口
have
a
population
of…
5．作为……而出名
be
well－known
as…
◎话题佳句
【引人入胜的开头句】
1．It's
so
nice
to
meet
you
here!
2．I
feel
it
a
great
honour
to
be
your
tour
guide
today.
【精彩纷呈的篇中句】
3．It
was
built
in…so
it
had
a
very
long
history.
4．It
has
become
the
most
popular
tourist
attraction
since…
【回味无穷的结尾句】
5．Wish
you
have
a
good
time
and
enjoy
yourself.
6．Thanks
again
for
listening.Have
a
good
time!
◎写作范例
【写作任务】
根据以下内容写一篇100词左右的说明文，标题为“More
about
Qingdao”。
1．位于山东省东部；
2．以蓝色的大海，美丽的海滨而闻名，是避暑胜地；
3．每年夏天来自全国各地成千上万的人们到这里沿海漫步、游泳、购物、观赏秀丽景色；
4．近年来城市发生巨大变化，对发展我国对外贸易起重要作用，成为国际港口城市。
【写作指导】
1．介绍地点时应用一般现在时进行写作；
2．文中一般包括以下要素：地理位置、历史、气候、特产、风景名胜等。在写作时，不要逐句翻译，可用恰当的介词短语、从句将多个信息点合并为一个句子。
3．文章首句给出地理位置，中间主体内容是具体要点的陈述，结尾部分表达介绍城市地位。
【参考范文】
The
city
of
Qingdao
is
located
in
the
east
of
Shandong
Province,
which
is
well
worth
visiting.
It
is
famous
for
the
blue
sea
and
beautiful
beaches.It
is
such
a
wonderful
place
for
summer
holidays
that
tens
of
thousands
of
people
from
all
parts
of
the
country
pay
a
visit
to
Qingdao
every
summer.They
walk
along
the
beach,
go
swimming
or
do
some
shopping.Besides,
the
good
view
of
the
city
is
what
impresses
people.
Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
Qingdao
in
the
recent
years.It
has
played
an
important
part
in
the
development
of
the
foreign
trade
of
our
country.It
has
become
an
international
port
city.
◎写作练笔
为了让更多的外国游客了解中国文化，欣赏中国美丽的自然风光，感受中国发生的巨大变化，某外文杂志社将出版一本英语小册子来介绍中国的旅游景点。该杂志社邀请你为该小册子写一篇英语短文来介绍杭州，内容包括：
1．杭州的位置(中国东南部)、面积(16,000多平方公里)及历史(2,200多年)等；
2．杭州的旅游特色(自然风景、传统文化、特色小吃等)；
3．希望更多的游客来杭州参观。
注意：
1．80词左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
One
possible
version：
Located
in
the
southeast
of
China,
Hangzhou
is
a
beautiful
city.
Dating
back
more
than
2,200
years,
Hangzhou
covers
an
area
of
more
than
16,000
square
kilometers.
In
Hangzhou,
you
can
visit
the
West
Lake,
whose
scenery
is
fascinating.In
addition,
you
can't
miss
its
cultural
relics
and
historical
sites,
from
which
you
will
learn
more
about
excellent
Chinese
traditional
culture
and
traditions.
The
special
snacks
here
are
famous
and
visitors
from
different
parts
of
the
world
think
highly
of
them.
As
a
tourist
attraction,
Hangzhou
attracts
a
large
number
of
visitors
from
home
and
abroad
every
year.
Once
you
come
to
China,
Hangzhou
is
a
scenic
spot
you
can't
miss.(共99张PPT)
Unit
4 HISTORY
AND
TRADITIONS
Period
Three Discovering
Useful
Structures
&
Listening
and
Talking
课前自主预习
1．be
known
as
…__________
2．fix
one's
eye
on
__________
3．attend
to
__________
4．the
amount
of
…__________
5．be
attracted
by
…__________
6．be
eager
to
do
sth.__________
以……著称
注视
照料
……的数量
被……吸引
渴望做某事
1．They
watched
over
the
lake
with
their
cameras
and
binoculars，____________________(这些东西被固定在山上)．
2．And
if
you
introduce
yourself
to
a
friendly
face,
you
________________________(更可能)
experience
local
culture
and
customs
first－hand.
【答案】1.which
were
positioned
on
the
hill
2．are
more
than
likely
to
课堂新知讲练
1．charge
n．收费；指控；主管
vt.收费；控告；充电
(P42)Judy
and
I
had
our
car
parked
in
an
underground
car
park
near
Trafalglar
Square,
where
we
could
get
our
car
battery
charged.
【翻译】朱迪和我把车停在特拉法尔加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。
(1)charge
sb.for
sth.为某物向某人收取费用
(2)charge
sb.with
(doing)
sth.控告某人(做)某事
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)take
charge
of
…
掌管/负责……
(2)in
charge
of
…
控制/管理……
(3)in
the
charge
of
…
受……的管理
(4)free
of
charge
免费
※(5)in
charge
of
往往以人作主语，指“某人负责(主管)某事”；in
the
charge
of往往以物作主语，指“某物由某人主管”。类似的还有：in
control
of“控制”，in
the
control
of…
“由……控制”；in
possession
of
“拥有”，in
the
possession
of…
“被……拥有”。
I
wonder
how
much
you
will
charge
me
for
the
six－week
course.
我想知道，这为期六周的课程您向我收费多少。
【易混辨析】
词汇
用法
accuse
accuse作“指控，控告”讲时，常与介词of连用，构成
accuse
sb.of
sth.
charge
charge作“指控，控告”讲时，多与with连用，构成charge
sb.with
sth.
blame
blame作“责备，指责”讲时，多与for连用，构成blame
sb.for
sth.
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The
man
who
had
taken
charge
of
the
company
________
(charge)
with
taking
drugs.
(2)The
police
charged
the
thief
________
stealing
the
jewels.
【答案】(1)was
charged (2)with
一句多译
汤姆在老板不在期间负责这家公司。
(3)The
company
is
________
________
________
________
Tom
while
the
boss
is
away.
(4)Tom
is
________
________
________
the
company
while
the
boss
is
away.
(5)Tom
________
________
________the
company
while
the
boss
is
away.
【答案】(3)in
the
charge
of (4)in
charge
of (5)takes
charge
of
2．announce
vt.宣布；通知；声称
(P42)When
we
finally
reached
the
service
desk
to
ask
for
audio
guides,
we
heard
it
announced
that
there
were
no
audio
guides
left.
【翻译】当我们最终到达服务台要求提供有声导游时，我们听到服务台通知已经没有有声导游了。
(1)announcement
n．通告；宣告
(2)announcer
n．播音员；广播员
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)announce
sth.to
sb.
向某人宣告某事
(2)It
is
announced
that…
据宣布……
(3)make
an
announcement
宣布
The
warm
sunshine
announces
that
spring
is
coming.
温暖的阳光预示着春天即将到来。
It
is
announced
that
there
will
be
a
celebration
on
National
Day.
据宣布，国庆节要举办庆祝会。
※【特别提醒】
表示“通知某人某事”不能用announce
sb.
sth.；而要用announce
sth.
to
sb.。用法相同的动词还有：suggest,
explain,
signal,
report等
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)It
is
wise
to
announce
the
news
________
the
public.
(2)The
________
made
an
________
that
all
the
details
should
________
through
the
broadcast.(announce)
(3)It
________(announce)
that
only
when
the
fire
was
under
control
would
the
residents
be
permitted
to
return
to
their
homes.
【答案】(1)to (2)announcer;
announcement;
be
announced
(3)is
announced
完成句子
(4)They
________
________
________(向我们宣布)that
they
would
publish
a
book.
(5)At
the
end
of
their
meeting,
________
________
________
________(据宣布)an
agreement
had
been
reached.
【答案】(4)announced
to
us (5)it
was
announced
that
3．amount
n．金额；数量
(P42)We
found
ourselves
very
surprised
by
the
large
number
of
visitors
and
the
amount
of
noise
at
the
entrance
of
the
National
Gallery.
【翻译】我们发现自己对国家美术馆入口处的大量游客和噪音感到非常惊讶。
(1)
a
large
amount
of＋不可数名词＋谓语动词单数
＝large
amounts
of＋不可数名词＋谓语动词复数
大量的
(2)in
large/small
amounts
大量地/少量地
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)后加可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数的有：a
great/large
number
of,
a
great/good
many,
quite
a
few；
(2)后加可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数的有：the
number
of；
(3)后加不可数名词的有：a
great
deal
of,
a
great/large
amount
of；
(4)后加可数名词复数和不可数名词的有：a
great/large
quantity
of,
quantities
of/masses
of,
plenty
of,
a
lot
of/lots
of；
(5)在上面的短语中，大多数短语的谓语动词和后面的名词一致，但是amount和quantity的短语中，amount和quantity决定谓语动词的单复数，和of后面的名词无关。
There
are
large
amounts
of
homework
and
a
great
many
examinations
for
us
students
every
day.
对我们学生来说每天有大量的作业和考试。
I
suggest
our
teachers
limit
the
amount
of
our
homework
so
that
we
can
have
more
time
to
read.
我建议老师限制作业的数量，这样我们就有更多的时间来阅读。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)A
large
amount
of
money
________(be)
to
be
spent
in
building
a
new
bridge
for
the
village.
(2)At
that
time,
small
amounts
of
land
________(use)
for
keeping
animals.
【答案】(1)is (2)were
used
完成句子
(3)I'm
afraid
it'll
cost
________
________
________
________
________.
恐怕这得花费一大笔钱。
(4)With
more
and
more
forests
cut
down,
large
quantities
of
soil
________
________
________
________.
由于越来越多的森林被砍伐，大量的土壤正被冲走。
【答案】(3)a
large
amount
of
money (4)are
being
washed
away
4．approach
n．方法；途径；接近
vt.接近；接洽；着手处理
vi.靠近
(P42)It
was
hard
to
approach
the
painting
as
there
were
so
many
people
around.
【翻译】周围有那么多人，很难接近那幅画。
(1)approach
sb./sth.靠近/接近某人/某物
(2)be
approaching临近；靠近
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)(an)
approach
to
接近；近似；(做某事)的方法(途径)
(2)at
the
approach
of…
在……快到的时候
The
staff
soon
found
the
new
manager
easy
to
approach.
员工们很快发现这位新经理平易近人。
Approaching
the
vehicle,
they
saw
that
a
woman
was
trying
to
get
out
of
the
broken
window.
当他们靠近车辆时，他们看见一位女士正努力从破损的车窗往外爬。
【易混辨析】
词汇
用法
approach
侧重指待人接物或思考问题的方式；the
approach
to
(doing)
sth.
way
常用于the
way
to
do/of(doing)
sth中．
method
指有规律的、有条理的做法；the
method
of
(doing)sth.
means
指可以得到结果的方法the
means
of(doing)sth.
※【特别提醒】
表示“时间上临近地，马上，快要”要用：on
the
way;
just
around/round
the
corner。
The
storm
is
on
the
way./The
storm
is
just
around/round
the
corner.
暴风雨要来了。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)With
great
enthusiasm,
he
talked
about
how
he
found
issue
and
________(approach)
them.
(2)All________(approach)
to
the
town
were
blocked.
(3)With
the
time
for
graduation________
(approach)，we
are
busy
with
our
papers.
【答案】(1)approached (2)approaches (3)approaching
完成句子
(4)The
school
has
decided
to
________
________
________
________(采用一种不同的方法)
to
discipline.
(5)________
________
________
________(……快到的时候)the
interview,
he
became
rather
nervous
and
upset.
【答案】(4)adopt
a
different
approach
(5)At
the
approach
of
5．ensure
vt.保证；确保；担保
(P42)She
had
a
copy
of
the
painting
boxed
to
ensure
that
it
was
delivered
safely.
【翻译】她把这幅画的副本装在盒子里，以确保它能安全送达。
前缀en－放在名词或形容词前，使该词成为动词，意为“使成为……；使处于……状态”，如enable(使能够),
encourage(鼓励；激励)，endanger(危及)。
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
We
must
ensure
the
purity
of
drinking
water.
我们必须确保饮用水的纯净。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The
hospital
tries
________(ensure)that
people
are
seen
quickly.
(2)These
road
facilities
are
used
________(ensure)the
safety
of
cyclists.
【答案】(1)to
ensure (2)to
ensure
完成句子
(3)Please
________
________(确保)
all
the
windows
are
closed.The
storm
is
coming.
(4)The
police's
duty
is
to
________
________
________
________
(确保……的安全)
citizens.
【答案】(3)make
sure (4)ensure
the
safety
of
6．generous
adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的
(P42)Carl
and
his
friends
stayed
with
a
generous
family
who
offered
them
bread
with
butter
and
honey
that
was
homemade.
【翻译】卡尔和他的朋友们住在一个慷慨的家庭里，这个家庭给他们提供了家里做的带黄油和蜂蜜的面包。
(1)generous
反义词为mean“吝啬的；小气的”
(2)generously
adv.慷慨地；大方地
(3)generosity
n．慷慨；大方
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)be
generous
to
sb.
对某人大方的
(2)be
generous
with
sth.
在某方面大方
(3)It
is
generous
of
sb.
to
do
sth.
某人在做某事方面是慷慨的
It
is
generous
of
you
to
lend
your
portable
computer
to
me.
你把手提电脑借给我真大方。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)These
volunteers
are
very
generous
________
the
old
man.
(2)The
young
man
is
very
generous
________
his
time
in
helping
others.
【答案】(1)to (2)with
完成句子
(3)He
didn't
selfishly
keep
for
himself
the
money
inherited
from
his
uncle.Instead,
he
________
________
________
________(做出慷慨的捐赠)to
help
the
community.
(4)________
________
________
________
________(你真慷慨)to
share
your
food
with
me,
Jack.
【答案】(3)made
a
generous
contribution
(4)It
is/was
generous
of
you
7．eager
adj.热切的；渴望的
(P43)I
was
eager
/surprised
to
see/learn/hear
that…
【翻译】我渴望/感到惊奇地看/学习/听……
(1)eagerness热切；渴望
(2)be
eager
to
do
sth.渴望做某事
(3)be
eager
for渴望
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)be
dying
for
sth./be
thirsty
for
sth.
渴望得到某物
(2)be
anxious(eager)to
do
sth./for
sth.
想要……；渴望……
(3)long
to
do
sth.(for
sth.)渴望……
The
teacher
is
very
glad
that
everyone
in
her
class
is
eager
to
study.
＝The
teacher
is
very
glad
that
everyone
in
her
class
is
eager
for
study.
老师很高兴她班上的每个人都渴望学习。
【易混辨析】
词汇
用法
eager
强调“对成功的期望”或“进取的热情”，含有积极向上的意思
anxious
强调“担心”或“焦虑”，对结果感到不安
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Mike
is
eager
________
(stay)
away
from
the
busy
city
life
for
a
while.
(2)As
far
as
I
know,
he
is
eager________
success.
【答案】(1)to
stay (2)for
完成句子
(3)I
________
________
________watch
the
movie
adapted
from
my
favorite
novel.
我迫不及待地想看看这部改编自我最喜欢的小说的电影。
(4)The
child
wants
to
return
to
school
because
he
________
________
________
knowledge.
那个孩子想回到学校，因为他渴望知识。
【答案】(3)am
dying
(thirsty/eager)
to
(4)is
thirsty(dying/eager)for
(P42)
They
watched
over
the
lake
with
their
cameras
and
binoculars，which
were
positioned
on
the
hill.
【翻译】他们用相机和望远镜来观察这湖，这些东西被固定在山上。
【考点提炼】
which引导非限制性定语从句时，可以指代前面的名词，也可以指代前面的句子。
【归纳拓展】
(1)引导定语从句的关系代词有：that，which，who，whom，whose；
(2)引导定语从句的关系副词有：when，where，how，why。
China
Today
attracts
a
worldwide
readership,
which
shows
that
more
and
more
people
all
over
the
world
want
to
learn
about
China.
《今日中国》杂志吸引了全世界的读者，这表明世界各地越来越多的人想了解中国。
It
is
a
truly
delightful
place,
which
looks
the
same
as
it
must
have
done
100
years
ago
with
its
winding
streets
and
pretty
cottages.
那是一个很令人愉快的地方，与100年之前有着弯曲的街道、漂亮的小屋几乎一样。
He
wrote
many
children's
books，nearly
half
of
which
were
published
in
the
1990s.
他写了很多儿童书籍，差不多一半发表于20世纪90年代。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)My
connection
with
pandas
goes
back
to
my
days
on
a
TV
show
in
the
mid－1980s，________
I
was
the
first
Western
TV
reporter.
(2)Some
people
think
that
the
great
Chinese
scholar
Confucius，________
lived
from
roughly
551
to
479
BC，influenced
the
development
of
chopsticks.
(3)I'd
skipped
nearby
Guilin，a
dream
place
for
tourists
seeking
the
limestone
mountain
tops
and
dark
waters
of
the
Li
River
________
are
pictured
by
artists
in
so
many
Chinese
paintings.
【答案】(1)when (2)who (3)that/which
单句改错
(4)The
dishes
what
I
cooked
were
Mom's
favorite.
_____________________________________________
(5)Having
tea
in
the
late
afternoon
provides
a
bridge
between
lunch
and
dinner，that
might
not
be
served
until
8
o'clock
at
night.
_____________________________________________
【答案】(4)what→that或which，或者去掉what
(5)that
→which
突
破
语
法
□观察领悟
【例句观察】
(1)They
had
castles
built
all
around
England,
and
made
changes
to
the
legal
system.
(2)They
use
the
same
flag,
known
as
the
Union
Jack…
(3)Judy
and
I
had
our
car
parked
in
an
underground
car
park
near
Trafalgar
Square,
where
we
could
get
our
car
battery
charged.
【我的领悟】
1．过去分词在句子中作后置定语，修饰前面的名词，表示被动或完成，比如句(1)和句(2)。
2．句(3)中分别是had
sth.
done结构和get
sth.
done结构，过去分词作宾语补足语。
□过去分词作定语和宾语补足语
一、过去分词作定语时的意义
1．及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时也不表示时间性。
Our
teacher
watched
us
doing
the
experiment
and
gave
us
a
satisfied
smile
at
last.
我们的老师看着我们做实验，最后给了我们一个满意的微笑。
2．不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。
The
risen
sun
is
shining
brightly
in
the
morning.
早上已升起的太阳正明亮地照耀着。
二、过去分词作定语时的位置
1．前置定语
一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。
The
polluted
water
was
to
blame
for
the
spread
of
cholera.
被污染的水造成了霍乱的传播。
【拓展提升】
有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也可放在所修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的)，given(所给的)，concerned(有关的)等。
2．后置定语
过去分词短语作定语时往往后置，即放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
He
is
a
teacher
loved
by
his
students.
他是一位深受学生爱戴的老师。
3．过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别
As
we
all
know,
China
is
a
developing
country
while
America
is
a
developed
country.
众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家，而美国是一个发达国家。
形式
语态
时态
过去分词
被动
完成
现在分词
主动
进行
※4.过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being
done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to
be
done)作定语的区别：
形式
语态
时态
done
被动
完成
being
done
被动
进行
to
be
done
被动
尚未发生
The
building
built
last
year
is
our
teaching
building.
去年建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。
The
building
being
built
now
is
our
teaching
building.
现在正在建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。
The
building
to
be
built
next
month
is
our
teaching
building.
下个月将要建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。
三、常见的过去分词作宾语补足语的情况
1．过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,
leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。
He
passed
away，leaving
his
works
unfinished.
他去世了，留下他的著作还未完成。
2．过去分词用在使役动词have/get和make的后面作宾语补足语。
(1)“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”表示“让别人做某事”。
He
wants
to
have/get
his
eyes
examined
tomorrow.
他明天想去检查眼睛。
(2)在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。
They
managed
to
make
themselves
understood
by
using
very
simple
English.
他们用很浅易的英语来设法使自己被理解。
3．感官动词see,
hear,
notice,
observe,
watch,
feel,
find等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
When
we
saw
the
road
blocked
with
snow,
we
decided
to
spend
the
holiday
at
home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家过假期。
4．表示“意愿，命令”的动词，如like,
want,
wish,
expect,
order等可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
The
manager
ordered
the
work
finished
at
the
end
of
this
week.
经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。
5．过去分词用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
With
every
problem
settled,
he
began
to
think
of
a
journey.
每一个问题解决后，他开始考虑旅行。
四、非谓语动词作宾语补足语的区别
1．感官动词(短语)see,
watch,
observe,
look
at,
notice,
hear,
listen
to,
feel等的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较(以hear为例)：
hear＋宾语＋doing
sth.
听到……正在做……
hear＋宾语＋do
sth.
听到……做了……(主动、完成)
hear＋宾语＋done
听到……被做(被动、完成或无时间性)
I
heard
her
singing
an
English
song
when
I
passed
by
her
room
yesterday.
昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。(主动、正在进行)
I
heard
her
sing
an
English
song
just
now.
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。(主动、完成)
To
learn
English
well,
we
should
find
opportunities
to
hear
English
spoken
as
much
as
possible.
为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能地多听英语。(被动、无时间性)
※2.使役动词make,
have,
get,
keep后加复合宾语的比较：
(1)make＋宾语＋do
sth.
让……做某事(主动)
make＋宾语＋done
让……被做(被动)
(2)have＋宾语＋do
sth.
使……做某事(主动)
have＋宾语＋doing
sth.
使……持续做某事(主动、进行)
have＋宾语＋done使……被做(被动)
(3)get＋宾语＋to
do
sth.
使……做某事(主动)
get＋宾语＋doing
sth.使……开始做某事(主动)
get＋宾语＋done
使……被做
(被动)
(4)keep＋宾语＋doing
sth.使……一直做某事(主动、进行)
keep＋宾语＋done使……被做(被动)
□追踪练习
Ⅰ.单项选择
( )1.In
some
languages,
100
words
make
up
half
of
all
words________
in
daily
conversations.
A．using
B．to
use
C．having
used
D．used
( )2.When
we
saw
the
watch
________with
some
leaves,
we
decided
to
hand
it
to
the
teacher.
A．cover
B．to
cover
C．covering
D．covered
( )3.You
cannot
accept
an
opinion
________to
you
unless
it
is
based
on
facts.
A．offering
B．to
offer
C．having
offered
D．offered
( )4.They
might
just
have
a
place
________on
the
writing
course—why
don't
you
give
it
a
try?
A．leave
B．left
C．leaving
D．to
leave
( )5.The
witnesses
________by
the
police
just
now
gave
very
different
descriptions
of
the
fight.
A．questioned
B．being
questioned
C．to
be
questioned
D．having
questioned
【答案】1.D 2.D 3.D 4.B 5.A
Ⅱ.合并句子
1．The
yoga
club
is
popular
among
women
teachers.It
was
opened
last
month
in
our
school.
2．The
island
is
easy
to
go
to.It
is
joined
to
the
mainland
by
a
bridge.
3．The
rare
fish
has
been
returned
to
the
sea.It
was
saved
from
the
cooking
hot.
【答案】
1．The
yoga
club
opened
last
month
in
our
school
is
popular
among
women
teachers.
2．The
island
joined
to
the
mainland
by
a
bridge
is
easy
to
go
to.
3．The
rare
fish
saved
from
the
cooking
hot
has
been
returned
to
the
sea.
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Mr.Brown's
room,
________(fill)
with
all
kinds
of
books,
looks
as
if
it
is
a
small
library.
2．To
tell
the
truth,
you
must
make
every
effort
to
improve
your
________(speak)
English.
3．To
his
surprise,
Jack
found
his
son
________(dress)
as
Santa
Claus
on
Christmas
Eve.
4．I
once
found
my
cell
phone
________(miss)
during
my
stay
in
the
city.
5．If
you
want
to
make
yourself
________(respect),
you
are
above
all
to
respect
yourself.
6．The
student
likes
reading
stories
________(write)
by
the
famous
writer.
7．Many
________(use)
computers
will
be
sold
in
this
market.
8．Prices
of
goods
________(buy)
online
can
be
lower
than
store
prices.
9．Today,
there
are
many
people
________(visit)
the
park
every
day.
10．We
should
pay
attention
to
the
physical
and
mental
health
problems
________(cause)
by
a
lack
of
sleep.
【答案】1.filled 2.spoken 3.dressed
4．missing 5.respected 6.written 7.used
8．bought 9.visiting 10.caused
Ⅱ.单项选择
( )1.The
producer
comes
regularly
to
collect
the
cameras
________to
our
shop
for
quality
problems.
A．returning
B．returned
C．to
return
D．to
be
returned
( )2.Annie
Salmon,
disabled,
is
attended
throughout
her
school
days
by
a
nurse
________to
guard
her.
A．to
appoint
B．appointing
C．appointed
D．having
appointed
( )3.Much
time__________
sitting
at
a
desk,
office
workers
are
generally
troubled
by
health
problems.
A．being
spent
B．having
spent
C．spent
D．spending
( )4.Back
from
his
two－year
medical
service
in
Africa,
Dr.Lee
was
very
happy
to
see
his
mother
________
good
care
of
at
home.
A．taking
B．taken
C．take
D．be
taken
( )5.In
art
criticism,
you
must
assume
the
artist
has
a
secret
message
________
within
the
work.
A．to
hide
B．hidden
C．hiding
D．being
hidden
( )6.To
return
to
the
problem
of
water
pollution,
I'd
like
you
to
look
at
a
study
________in
Australia
in
2012.
A．having
conducted
B．to
be
conducted
C．conducting
D．conducted
( )7.Even
the
best
writers
sometimes
find
themselves
________for
words.
A．lose
B．lost
C．to
lose
D．having
lost
( )8.Claire
had
her
luggage
__________
an
hour
before
her
plane
left.
A．check
B．checking
C．to
check
D．checked
( )9.The
players
________
from
the
whole
country
are
expected
to
bring
us
honor
in
this
summer
game.
A．selecting
B．to
select
C．selected
D．having
selected
( )10.Tsinghua
University,
__________
in
1911,
is
home
to
a
great
number
of
outstanding
figures.
A．found
B．founding
C．founded
D．to
be
founded
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.C
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．The
problem
________
________
________
________(在会议上被提及的)needs
considering.
2．The
information
________
________
________
________
(他朋友所提供的)is
of
great
use.
3．I
raised
my
voice
to
________
________
________(让自己被听到)．
4．When
we
got
to
school,
we
________
________
________
________(看见门锁着)．
5．The
thief
was
brought
in,
________
________
________
________
________
________
________(双手被绑在背后)．
【答案】1.mentioned
at
the
meeting
2．provided
by
his
friend 3.make
myself
heard
4．saw
the
door
locked
5．with
his
hands
tied
behind
his
back(共113张PPT)
Unit
4 HISTORY
AND
TRADITIONS
Period
Two Reading
and
Thinking
课前自主预习
Ⅰ.写出与下列短语相对应的汉语/英语
1．if
any________________
2．如果那样的话________________
3．a
little
bit________________
4．把……和……连接或联合起来________________
5．break
away
from
sb./sth.
________________
6．导致________________
如果有什么的话
if
so
有点；一点儿
join…to…
脱离；背叛；逃脱
result
in
7．refer
to…as…________________
8．属于
________________
9．as
well
as
________________
10．例如
________________
11．date
back
to＝date
from
________________
12．一直
________________
13．take
over
________________
14．全英国
________________
15．keep
your
eyes
open
for________________
把……称为……
belong
to
和；还；也
for
example
上溯到；追溯到
all
the
way
接管；掌管
all
over
the
UK
留心；留意
Ⅱ.将下列词块与其汉语释义连线
1．be
confused
by
A．起因；由……造成
2．solve
a
puzzle
B．包括做某事
3．join
sb.
in
doing
sth.
C．很惊奇地做某事
4．result
from
D．对……感到迷茫
5．be
surrounded
by
E．被……包围
6．include
doing
sth.
F．解决难题
7．leave
behind
G．留下
8．enter
into
H．全中国
9．be
surprised
to
do
sth.
I．加入某人一起做某事
10．all
over
China
J．成为……的一部分；进入
【答案】1.D 2.F 3.I 4.A 5.E 6.B 7.G 8.J 9.C 10.H
1．The
United
Kingdom,
Great
Britain,
Britain,
England—many
people
are
confused
by
________________(这些不同的名字意味着什么)．
2．__________________(逐渐知道)
a
little
bit
about
British
history
will
help
you
solve
this
puzzle.
3．They
introduced
the
beginnings
of
the
English
language,
and
____________________________________(改变了人们建造房屋的方式)．
4．They
__________________(让城堡被建)all
around
England,
and
made
changes
to
the
legal
system.
5．The
capital
city
London
is
a
great
place
to
start，________
______________(因为它是一个古老的港口城市)
that
has
a
history
dating
all
the
way
back
to
Roman
times.
6．__________________________________(如果你睁开你的眼睛),
you
will
be
surprised
to
find
that
you
can
see
both
its
past
and
its
present.
【答案】1.what
these
different
names
mean
2．Getting
to
know
3．changed
the
way
people
built
houses
4．had
castles
built
5．as
it
is
an
ancient
port
city
6．If
you
keep
your
eyes
open
Ⅰ.阅读理解
( )1.What
is
mainly
discussed
in
this
passage?
A．The
history
of
the
United
Kingdom.
B．The
geography
of
the
United
Kingdom.
C．The
people
of
the
United
Kingdom.
D．The
politics
of
the
United
Kingdom.
( )2.Which
invaders
influenced
London's
language
most?
A．Anglo－Saxons.
B．Romans.
C．Normans.
D．Vikings.
( )3.From
the
passage，we
know
that
________.
A．all
the
four
countries
share
the
same
educational
system
B．the
Romans
came
to
England
before
the
Anglo－Saxons
C．it
was
easy
for
Northern
Ireland
to
join
England,
Scotland
and
Wales
D．in
the
19th
century,
the
southern
part
of
Ireland
broke
away
from
the
UK
( )4.How
many
countries
does
the
UK
consist
of?
A．Two.
B．Three.
C．Four.
D．Five.
( )5.What
should
you
do
if
you
want
to
make
your
trip
to
the
UK
more
enjoyable?
A．Know
the
location.
B．Find
a
company.
C．Find
a
good
guide.
D．Study
the
history
of
the
country
ahead
of
time.
【答案】1.A 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D
Ⅱ.判断正误
( )1.Getting
to
know
a
little
bit
about
British
history
will
help
you
solve
the
difference
between
the
United
Kingdom,
Great
Britain,
Britain,
England.
( )2.Finally,
in
the
19th
century,
the
southern
part
of
Ireland
broke
away
from
the
UK,
which
resulted
in
the
full
name
we
have
today:
the
United
Kingdom
of
Great
Britain
and
Northern
Ireland.
( )3.The
four
countries
that
belong
to
the
United
Kingdom
work
together
in
some
areas,
for
example,
the
same
flag,
the
same
currency
and
military
defence.
( )4.The
four
countries
that
belong
to
the
United
Kingdom
work
differently
in
some
areas：they
have
their
own
national
days
and
national
dishes
and
their
own
football
teams.
( )5.London
is
a
great
place
to
start
when
you
want
to
study
the
history
of
the
country
because
it
is
a
modern
port
city.
【答案】1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F
Ⅲ.段落大意匹配题
1．Part
1(Paras.1－2)
A．The
history,
traditions
and
culture
of
the
United
Kingdom.
2．Part
2(Para.3)
B．The
origin
of
the
name
of
the
UK.
3．Part
3(Paras.4－5)
C．The
four
countries
work
together
in
some
areas.
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.A
课堂新知讲练
1．defence
n．防御；保卫
(P40)They
use
the
same
flag,
known
as
the
Union
Jack,
as
well
as
share
the
same
currency
and
military
defence.
【翻译】他们使用同样的国旗，即联合王国国旗，还使用同样的货币和军事防御。
defend
vt.保护；保卫；为……辩护
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)in
defence
(of…)
为了保卫(……)
build
up
a
defence
筑起一道防线
in
one's
defence
站在某人一边；为某人辩护
come
to
one's
defence
为某人辩护
※(2)defend…from/against…
防御；保卫……以免受……
All
the
people
were
fighting
against
the
flood
in
defence
of
their
own
homes.
为了保卫自己的家园，所有的人都在与洪水作斗争。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Some
think
that
students
should
be
trained
________
(defend)
themselves
against
some
attacks.
(2)The
monument
is
in
memory
of
the
soldiers
who
died
in
________
(defend)
of
their
country.
(3)When
a
dog
attacked
me,
I
picked
up
a
stick
to
defend
________(I)．
【答案】(1)to
defend (2)defence (3)myself
完成句子
(4)Mr.Green
stood
up
________
________
________(为……辩护)the
little
boy,
saying
that
he
was
not
the
one
to
blame.
(5)Thousands
of
young
men
came
forward,
willing
to
________
________
________(保卫他们的国家)．
【答案】(4)in
defence
of (5)defend
their
country
2．surround
vt.围绕；包围
(P40)Almost
everywhere
you
go
in
the
UK,
you
will
be
surrounded
by
evidence
of
four
different
groups
of
people
who
took
over
at
different
times
throughout
history.
【翻译】几乎无论你走到英国的任何地方，你都会发现历史上有四种不同的人在不同的时期统治过英国的证据。
(1)surrounding
adj.周边的
surroundings
n．周围的环境
(2)surround…with…
用……包围……
be
surrounded
by/with…
被……包围……
【用法详解】
The
professor
likes
to
surround
himself
with
his
students.
那位教授喜欢和他的学生们在一起。
The
small
village
is
surrounded
with
green
mountains
and
clear
rivers,
attracting
visitors
from
every
corner.
青山绿水环抱着村寨，吸引着各方来客。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)________(surround)
by
the
forest,
the
village
looks
very
beautiful.
(2)Living
in
beautiful
and
comfortable
_______(surround),
we
feel
very
happy.
(3)They
all
went
out
to
look
for
the
lost
child
in
the
________
(surround)
villages.
【答案】(1)Surrounded (2)surroundings (3)surrounding
完成句子
(4)The
garden
________
________
________(由……包围着)a
hedge
in
which
many
small
creatures
can
live.
【答案】is
surrounded
by/with
3．evidence
n．证据；证明
(P40)Almost
everywhere
you
go
in
the
UK,
you
will
be
surrounded
by
evidence
of
four
different
groups
of
people
who
took
over
at
different
times
throughout
history.
【翻译】几乎无论你走到英国的任何地方，你都会发现历史上有四种不同的人在不同的时期统治过英国的证据。
evident
adj.明显的；明白的
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)There
is
some
evidence
that…
有证据证明……
look
for/search
for
evidence
寻找证据
(2)It's
evident
that…
很明显……
(3)表示“明显的”形容词还有：clear,
apparent,
evident,
obvious。
It
is
evident
that
the
man
is
highly
thought
of
in
the
company.
很显然，这个人在公司里声望很高。
Modern
science
has
given
clear
evidence
that
smoking
can
lead
to
many
diseases.
现代科学对吸烟能导致多种疾病已经给出了明确的证据。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Evidence
has
been
found
through
years
of
study
________
children's
early
sleeping
problems
are
likely
to
continue
when
they
grow
up.
(2)All
the
scientific
evidence
________(show)that
increasing
use
of
chemicals
in
farming
________(be)
damaging
our
health.
【答案】(1)that (2)shows；is
完成句子
(3)________
________
________
________
outdoor
activities
are
good
for
us.
有证据显示，进行户外活动对我们有好处。
(4)________
________
________
________the
boy
is
highly
thought
of
by
his
teachers.
很明显，这个男孩被老师们高度评价。
【答案】(3)There's
some
evidence
that (4)It
is
evident
that
4．achievement
n．成就；成绩；达到
(P40)Some
of
their
great
achievements
included
building
towns
and
roads.
【翻译】他们的一些伟大成就包括建设城镇和道路。
(1)achieve
vt.完成；达到
vi.成功
achieve
one's
goal
实现目标
(2)achievement
n．成就；完成；达到
a
sense
of
achievement
成就感
make
an
achievement
取得成就
【用法详解】
Even
a
small
success
can
give
you
a
sense
of
achievement.
即便是小小的成功也能给你一种成就感。
To
achieve
his
goal,
he
takes
full
advantage
of
his
time.
他为了实现他的目标，充分利用所有的时间。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The
woman
scientist
was
awarded
the
Nobel
Prize
for
Physics
for
those
great
________(achieve)
made
by
her.
(2)We've
had
a
good
start,
but
more
work
needs
to
be
done
________(achieve)
the
final
success.
【答案】(1)achievements (2)to
achieve
完成句子
(3)His
laziness
makes
it
impossible
for
him
to
________
________(获得成功)．
(4)He
finally
________
________
________(实现了他的目标)of
being
a
scientist
after
years
of
struggle.
【答案】(3)achieve
success (4)achieved
his
goal
5．location
n．地方；地点；位置
(P41)…left
behind
lots
of
new
vocabulary,
and
also
the
names
of
many
locations
across
the
UK.
【翻译】……留下很多新词汇，以及英国许多地方的名字。
locate
vt.坐落于；位于；找出……的位置
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)the
location
of
the
factory工厂的位置
the
exact/precise
location确切位置
(2)be
located
in坐落于；位于
locate…on
the
map在地图上找到……
The
location
of
the
factory
is
close
to
the
railway.
工厂地处铁路沿线。
One
of
the
world's
largest
art
galleries,
the
Louvre,
is
located
in
Paris.
作为世界上最大的艺术博物馆之一的卢浮宫坐落于巴黎。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)China
________(locate)
in
the
east
of
Asia
with
the
area
of
9,600,000
square
kilometers.
【答案】is
located
完成句子
(2)Mount
Huang
________
________
________(位于)
Anhui
Province.
(3)The
center
________
________
________
________
________
________(位于很容易到达许多古迹的地方)
many
historical
sites.
【答案】(2)is
located
in (3)is
located
within
easy
reach
of
6．join
to…
把……连接或联结起来
(P40)In
the
16th
century,
the
nearby
country
of
Wales
was
joined
to
the
Kingdom
of
England.
【翻译】16世纪，附近的威尔士并入英格兰王国。
(1)join…to…
把……和……连接或联结起来
(2)join…and…
把……和……连接起来
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)join
the
army/club
参军/加入俱乐部
join
in参加(比赛、活动等)
join
sb.
in
doing
sth.和某人一起做某事
(2)connect…with…把……和……联系起来
The
island，joined
to
the
mainland
by
a
bridge,
is
easy
to
go.
岛上有一座桥，与大陆相连，去那里很方便。
People
all
over
the
world
usually
connect
China
with
silk
and
good
food.
世界各地的人们通常把中国与丝绸和美食联系在一起。
【易混辨析】
词汇
用法
attend
是正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、典礼；听报告、讲座等
join
指加入某个组织成为其中一员，join
the
army/the
Party/the
League参军/入党/入团
join
in
指参与某项活动，口语中常与take
part
in通用
take
part
in
指参加群众性活动、会议，并起积极作用
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)In
the
evening
there
was
a
barbecue,
with
the
whole
village
________(join)
in
the
fun.
(2)Join
one
section
of
pipe________
the
next.
【答案】(1)joining (2)to/and
完成句子
(3)It
is
said
that
more
than
two
hundred
students
have
________
________
________
________(参加讨论)．
(4)As
far
as
I
know,
it
is
five
years
since
he
________
________
________(参军)．
【答案】(3)joined
in
the
discussion (4)joined
the
army
7．break
away
(from
sb./sth.)
脱离；背叛；逃脱
(P40)Finally,
in
the
20th
century,
the
southern
part
of
Ireland
broke
away
from
the
UK,
which
resulted
in
the
full
name
we
have
today：the
United
Kingdom
of
Great
Britain
and
Northern
Ireland.
【翻译】最后，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离英国，这导致了我们今天有的英国的全名：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
【用法详解】
It
took
great
courage
to
break
away
from
his
family
at
that
time.
在那时与家庭决裂需要勇气。
However,
the
southern
part
of
Ireland
was
unwilling
and
broke
away
to
form
its
own
government.
然而，爱尔兰的南部不愿意组建联合王国，它分离出去并建立了自己的政府。
[针对练习]
用break的相关短语填空
(1)If
you
go
on
working
like
that,
you
will
________
sooner
or
later.
(2)A
fire
________
in
this
hotel
last
night
and
three
people
were
killed.
(3)With
so
many
problems
unsettled,
a
few
countries
wanted
to
__________________________the
Union.
(4)In
my
opinion,
marriage
based
on
money
is
likely
to
__________________________.
【答案】(1)break
down (2)broke
out
(3)break
away
from (4)break
up
单句改错
(5)The
boy
broke
away
his
mother
and
ran
away.
_____________________________________________
(6)It
was
the
fact
that
his
car
broke
out
on
the
way
this
afternoon
that
made
him
late
for
the
meeting.
_____________________________________________
【答案】(5)away后加from (6)out改为down
8．belong
to
属于
(P40)The
four
countries
that
belong
to
the
United
Kingdom
work
together
in
some
areas.
【翻译】属于英国的四个国家在某些领域进行合作。
(1)belongings
n．财产；所有物
personal
belongings个人财产；私有物品
【用法详解】
※(2)belong
to中的to是介词，该短语既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态；作后置定语时，形式为“…belonging
to”。既没有被动，又不用于进行时，非谓语形式必须用动名词的还有：date
back
to;
date
from,
judge
by,
judge
from,
consist
of
No
matter
what
happens,
Taiwan
belongs
to
China.
不论发生什么事情，台湾都属于中国。
Professor
Williams
keeps
telling
his
students
that
the
future
belongs
to
the
well－educated.
威廉姆斯教授一直告诫他的学生们，未来属于受过良好教育的人。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)As
is
known
to
us,
China
is
a
country
________(belong)
to
the
third
world.
(2)My
friend
will
help
you
move
your
________(belong)
to
your
new
house.
【答案】(1)belonging (2)belongings
完成句子
(3)剪纸有1,500多年的历史，
属于中国的传统艺术。
Paper－cutting,
________
________
________
traditional
art
in
China,
has
a
history
of
over
1,500
years.
【答案】which
belongs
to
9．as
well
as同(一样也)；和；还
(P40)They
use
the
same
flag,
known
as
the
Union
Jack,
as
well
as
share
the
same
currency
and
military
defence.
【翻译】他们使用同样的国旗，即联合王国国旗，还使用同样的货币和军事防御。
在句型“A
as
well
as/
together
with/
along
with/
with/
rather
than
B＋谓语动词＋其他”中，谓语动词和A保持一致，即“就远原则”。
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
关于主谓一致，谓语适合就近原则的主要有：neither…nor…，either…or…，not
only…but
also…，not…but…，there
be…。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Peter
as
well
as
his
friends
________(like)
to
listen
to
classical
music.
(2)Not
only
he
but
also
his
brothers
__________________
(work)like
mad
at
the
moment.
(3)Dr.Smith,
as
well
as
his
wife
and
daughter,
________
(be)going
to
visit
Beijing
this
summer.
【答案】(1)likes (2)are
working (3)is
完成句子
(4)He
grows
vegetables
_______
________
________
flowers.
他不但种花，而且种菜。
单句改错
(5)This
training
program
can
give
you
a
lift
at
work,
as
good
as
increase
your
income
by
40%。
【答案】(4)as
well
as (5)good改为well
10．keep
your
eyes
open
(for)留心；留意
(P41)If
you
keep
your
eyes
open,
you
will
be
surprised
to
find
that
you
can
see
both
its
past
and
its
present.
【翻译】如果你留心，你会惊奇地发现，你能看到它的过去和现在。
(1)keep
one's
promise
履行诺言
(2)keep
sb.
from
doing
sth.
阻止某人做某事
(3)keep
in
touch
with…和……保持联系
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)keep
up保持；继续
(2)keep
up
with跟上；保持同步；和……保持联系
(3)keep
back阻止；隐瞒
(4)keep
away
from避免接近
(5)keep
off使……不接近
(6)keep
on继续
Jack
has
trouble
keeping
up
with
the
rest
of
the
class.
杰克很难跟上班里的其他同学。
We
must
keep
them
from
getting
to
know
our
plans.
一定不要让他们知道我们的计划。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Keep
your
eyes
open________
a
boy
in
a
red
sweater.
(2)You're
walking
so
fast
that
I
can't
keep
up
________
you.
(3)Put
the
pizza
in
the
bottom
of
the
oven
to
keep
the
cheese
________burning.
【答案】(1)for (2)with (3)from
完成句子
(4)If
you
________
________
________
________(留心),
you
can
learn
a
great
deal.
(5)I
got
the
feeling
he
was
________
________
________(隐瞒了一些事情)．
(6)Many
people
cannot
________
________
________(跟上)
the
development
of
technology.
【答案】(4)keep
your
eyes
open (5)keeping
something
back (6)keep
up
with
1．(P40)So
what
is
the
difference
between
them,
if
any?
【翻译】如果有的话，那么它们之间有什么区别呢？
【考点提炼】
本句为if条件状语从句的省略形式。
【归纳拓展】
if
any如果有的话
if
so如果这样的话
if
not如果不这样的话
if
necessary如果有必要的话
if
possible如果有可能的话
Have
you
ever
been
here？And
if
so
how
many
times?
你来过这里吗？如果来过，来过几次呢？
There
may
be
some
mistakes
in
my
composition.If
any,
please
help
me
point
them
out.
我的作文可能有些错误。如果有的话，请帮我指出来。
Did
you
cheat
in
the
exam?
If
so，you
won't
get
away
with
it.
你在考试中作弊了吗？如果这样的话，你逃脱不了惩罚。
【拓展联想】
※状语从句的省略
在使用时间、地点、条件、让步、或原因等之类的状语从句时，如果其中谓语部分含有be的任何一种形式，而其主语又与主句的主语相一致或主语为it时，为避免重复，使语言生动、自然、简洁，常可以省略从句的主语和谓语的部分，特别是动词be。
(1)时间状语从句的省略。这类从句主要由when，while，as
soon
as，once，until等引导；
(2)地点状语从句的省略。主要由where，wherever引导；
(3)条件状语从句的省略。主要由if，unless，once引导；
(4)让步状语从句的省略。主要由though，although，however，whatever，even
if/even
though，no
matter
how/what引导。
When
(he
was)
still
a
boy
of
ten，he
started
working
to
support
himself.
当他仍然是十岁孩子的时候，他就开始工作养活自己。
You
can
add
some
words
to
your
composition
where
(it
is)necessary.
你可以在必要的地方添加一些单词到你的作文中。
Once
(it
was)published，his
work
became
famous
for
the
absence
of
rhyme
at
the
end
of
each
line.
他的作品一出版，就由于每行最后不押韵而出名。
Though
(he
had
been)defeated
many
times，he
didn't
lose
heart.
尽管被打败了多次，但是他没有放弃。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)Take
the
doctor's
advice.________
________(如果是那样的话)，you
will
overcome
distractions
in
class.
(2)I
want
to
avoid
the
rush
hour
traffic________
________(如果可能的话)．
(3)Problem，________
________(如果有的话)，should
be
solved
without
delay.
(4)Take
more
exercise.________
________(不然的话)，you
will
be
overweight.
【答案】(1)If
so (2)if
possible (3)if
any (4)If
not
单句改错
(5)I'll
stay
up
all
night,
if
is
necessary,
to
get
it
finished.
_____________________________________________
【答案】is去掉
2．(P40)
They
introduced
the
beginnings
of
the
English
language,
and
changed
the
way
people
built
houses.
【翻译】他们引进了英语，改变了人们建造房屋的方式。
【考点提炼】
本句为the
way后省略that/in
which的定语从句。the
way
可在句子中作主语、宾语和方式状语。另外，way表示“方式，方法”时，其后还可以接不定式或of
doing
sth.的形式。
【归纳拓展】
(1)句中定语从句people
built
houses修饰先行词the
way，其前省略了关系词that/in
which；
(2)the
way作先行词，如果在定语从句中作主语，引导词为that/which且不能省略；
(3)the
way作先行词，如果在定语从句中作宾语，引导词为that/which且可以省略。
I'd
like
to
settle
the
problem
in
a
way
which/that
is
peaceful.
我想用和平的方法解决这个问题。
What
impressed
me
most
was
not
what
he
said
but
the
way
(that/in
which)
he
said
it.
给我留下深刻印象的不是他说的内容而是他说话的方式。
The
students
didn't
understand
the
way(that/in
which)
the
maths
teacher
solved
the
problem.
学生们没有理解数学老师解答该题的方法。
[针对练习]
一句多译
我不喜欢她跟你讲话的方式。
(1)I
don't
like
________
________
________
________
________
you.
(2)I
don't
like
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
you.(in
which引导的定语从句)
(3)I
don't
like
________
________
________
________
________
________
you.(that引导的定语从句)
【答案】(1)the
way
she
speaks
to
(2)the
way
in
which
she
speaks
to
(3)the
way
that
she
speaks
to
完成句子
(4)The
way
________
came
up
at
the
meeting
was
unpractical.
在会议上提出的方法不切实际。
(5)And
you
should
keep
it
in
mind
that
comparing
notes
with
your
classmates
frequently
is
a
good
way
________
________
________
________.
你应该记住经常与同班同学商量是提高学习的有效方法。
【答案】(4)that/which (5)to
improve
your
study
3．(P41)There
is
so
much
more
to
learn
about
the
interesting
history
and
culture
of
the
United
Kingdom.
【翻译】关于英国有趣的历史和文化，还有很多要学习的。
【考点提炼】
本句为“there
be
＋主语＋非谓语动词”结构，这个结构大多翻译为“有……”。
【归纳拓展】
Last
night,
there
were
millions
of
people
watching
the
opening
ceremony
live
on
TV.
昨天晚上有数百万人在看开幕式的现场直播。
【特别提醒】
当主语与其后的不定式是被动关系时，不定式用主动形式和被动形式均可，有些没有意义上的区别，有些则有区别。
There
is
no
time
to
lose/to
be
lost.时间不容耽搁。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)There
are
still
millions
of
people
________(suffer)from
hunger
nowadays.
(2)There
will
be
some
volunteers
________(help)in
remote
areas.
(3)There
is
still
some
support
________(give)by
the
local
people.
【答案】(1)suffering (2)to
help (3)given
句型转换
(4)There
are
some
students
on
the
playground.They
are
playing
basketball.
→There
are
some
students
on
the
playground
________
basketball.
【答案】playing
课文读练专训
Ⅰ.填写表格
WHAT'S
IN
A
NAME？
The
origin
of
the
name
of
the
UK
If
you
want
to
know
the
differences
among
the
United
Kingdom,
Great
Britain,
Britain
and
England,
you'd
better
learn
about
the
1.________of
British.From
16th
to
19th
century,
Wales,
2.________
and
the
Kingdom
of
Ireland
gradually
joined
.In
the
20th
century,
the
United
Kingdom
of
Great
Britain
and
3.____________
was
formed.
WHAT'S
IN
A
NAME？
The
four
countries
work
together
in
some
areas
The
four
countries
4.________the
United
Kingdom
work
together
in
some
areas.They
use
the
same
flag,
share
the
same
currency
and
5.________.But
they
have
different
areas,
such
as
different
education
systems,
different
6.____________
and
have
their
own
traditions.
WHAT'S
IN
A
NAME？
The
history,
traditions
and
culture
of
the
United
Kingdom
The
United
Kingdom
has
a
long
and
interesting
history,
which
is
a
7.________mix
of
history
and
modern
culture,
with
both
new
and
old
traditions.And
studying
the
history
of
the
country
will
make
your
visit
much
more
enjoyable.If
you
8.__________，
you
will
be
surprised
to
find
that
you
can
see
both
its
past
and
its
present.
【答案】1.history 2.Scotland 3.Northern
Ireland
4．belonging
to 5.military
defence 6.legal
systems
7．fascinating 8.keep
your
eyes
open
Ⅱ.课文改写
Studying
British
history
can
help
you
understand
1.________
the
United
Kingdom,
Great
Britain,
Britain,
England
mean.In
the
16th
century,
Wales
was
joined
to
the
Kingdom
of
England.In
the
18th
century,
Scotland
was
joined
2.________(create)
the
Kingdom
of
Great
Britain.In
the
19th
century,
the
Kingdom
of
Ireland
was
added
to
create
the
United
Kingdom
of
Great
Britain
and
Ireland.However,
the
southern
part
of
Ireland
broke
3.________from
the
UK,
which
resulted
4.________
the
full
name
we
have
today：the
United
Kingdom
of
Great
Britain
and
Northern
Ireland.
Although
the
four
countries
work
together
in
some
areas,
they
still
have
some
5.________(different)．The
United
Kingdom
has
a
long
and
interesting
history
to
explore,6.________
can
help
you
understand
much
more
about
the
country
and
7.________(it)
traditions.No
matter
where
you
go
in
the
UK,
you
will
8.________(surround)
by
evidence
of
four
different
groups
of
people
who
took
over
at
different
times
throughout
history.Studying
the
history
of
the
country
will
make
your
visit
much
more
9.________(enjoy)．The
UK
is
a
fascinating
mix
of
history
and
modern
culture,
with
both
new
and
old
10.________(tradition)．
【答案】1.what 2.to
create 3.away 4.in
5．differences 6.which 7.its 8.be
surrounded
9．enjoyable 10.traditions
Ⅲ.概要写作
根据课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
_____________________________________________
One
possible
version：
Getting
to
know
a
little
bit
about
British
history
will
help
you
know
the
differences
of
the
United
Kingdom,
Great
Britain,
Britain
and
England(要点1).
In
the
20th
century,
the
full
name－
the
United
Kingdom
of
Great
Britain
and
Northern
Ireland
was
formed(要点2)．
The
four
countries
work
together
in
some
areas,
but
they
have
their
own
national
days
and
national
dishes
and
their
own
football
teams(要点3).
Having
a
good
knowledge
of
the
long
and
interesting
history
of
the
United
Kingdom
can
help
you
understand
much
more
about
the
country
and
its
traditions(要点4)．
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．In
the
16th
century，the
nearby
country
of
Wales
________(加入)
to
the
Kingdom
of
England.
2．Men
and
women，young
and
old，were
fighting
against
the
flood
in
________(保卫)
of
their
own
homes.
3．________
(包围)
by
rows
of
trees，our
library
stands
out
from
all
the
other
buildings.
4．In
order
to
prove
that
he
is
innocent，some
new
________(证据)
is
needed.
5．The
man
was
awarded
for
those
great
________(成就)
made
by
him.
6．L________
where
the
Belt
meets
the
Road，Jiangsu
will
contribute
more
to
the
Belt
and
Road
construction.
7．In
that
country，children
under
sixteen
are
not
________(合法地)
allowed
to
buy
cigarettes.
8．You
might
learn
that
haste
makes
waste
if
you
do
something
so
fast,
r________
in
mistakes.
9．As
is
known
to
all，cultural
relics
b________to
human
beings
rather
than
individuals.
10．D________back
to
1933，the
South
Lake
Park
in
Changchun
is
located
in
the
southwestern
part
of
the
Changchun
city.
【答案】1.joined 2.defence 3.Surrounded
4．evidence 5.achievements 6.Located 7.legally
8．resulting 9.belong 10.Dating
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The
English
teacher，as
well
as
the
students
________
(sing)
a
song
when
I
passed
the
classroom.
2．Please
keep
your
eyes
__________
cars
when
crossing
the
road.
3．Only
then
did
I
realize
that
it
was
foolish
of
me
to
break
away
________all
of
my
friends.
4．I
am
not
sure
the
__________
(locate)
of
the
hotel
my
friend
has
booked.
5．There
are
lots
of
books
about
American
history
_________
(read)
in
the
library.
【答案】1.was
singing 2.for 3.from
4．location 5.to
read
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．With
the
help
of
his
friends，he________
________
________
in
the
end.
在朋友的帮助下，他最终解决了这个难题。
2．I
live
in
a
small
village
which________
________
________
hills
on
all
sides.
我住在一个四面环山的小村庄。
3．________
________
________，
you
will
receive
a
warm
welcome.
无论你到哪里，都会受到热烈欢迎。
4．Teachers
in
the
kindergarten
are
sometimes________
________
________leaders
of
children.
幼儿园老师有时被称为孩子王。
5．________
________
________the
history
of
Kong
Family
Mansion
will
make
your
visit
more
enjoyable.
了解一些孔府的历史将会使你的参观更愉快。
【答案】1.solved
the
puzzle 2.is
surrounded
by
3．Wherever
you
go 4.referred
to
as
5．Knowing
something
about(共57张PPT)
Unit
4 HISTORY
AND
TRADITIONS
Period
One Listening
and
Speaking
课前自主预习
Ⅰ.写出下列短语的汉语意思
1．have
a
good
knowledge
of
______________________
2．protect
historic
buildings______________________
3．lead
to______________________
4．be
similar
to______________________
5．more…than…____________________________________
6．allow
sb.
to
do
sth.______________________
7．be
different
from______________________
精通；了解
保护历史建筑物
造成；导致
和……相似
比……更……；与其说……倒不如说……
允许某人做某事
与……不同
Ⅱ.将下列词块与其汉语释义连线
1．do
a
research
project
A．因环境不熟悉而感到不舒服或尴尬
2．the
family
tree
B．同某人开玩笑
3．Achilles's
heel
C．做研究项目
4．pull
one's
leg
D．家谱
5．fish
out
of
water
E．历史简介
6．give
an
introduction
to
its
history
F．致命的弱点
【答案】1.C 2.D 3.F 4.B 5.A 6.E
1．_______________________(作为孔子的后代之一)，Xiao
Kong's
name
is
recorded
in
the
family
tree.
2．Both
places
have
a
famous
person
________________(出生在那儿的人)．
3．His
hometown
doesn't
_______________________
(允许别的建筑物成为)
more
noticeable
than
the
historic
buildings.
【答案】1.As
one
of
Confucius'
descendants
2．who
was
born
there
3．allow
other
buildings
to
be
课堂新知讲练
1．individual
adj.单独的；个别的
n．个人
(P39)An
idiom
is
an
expression
which
means
something
different
from
the
meaning
of
the
individual
words.
【翻译】习语是一种不同于个别单词意思的表达方式。
【用法详解】
You
can
open
one
individual
account.
你可以开一个个人账户。
The
competition
is
open
to
both
teams
and
individuals.
团队和个人均可参加比赛。
Most
people
believe
the
best
way
to
build
a
great
team
is
to
gather
a
group
of
the
most
talented
individuals.
大多数人认为组建一支优秀的团队的最好方法是聚集一群最有才华的人。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)________
________
learns
differently.
每个人的学习方式都不一样。
(2)We
interviewed
each_______
________
of
the
community.
我们采访了社区中的每个成员。
(3)The
hotel
has
100________
________
________.
这家旅馆有100个设计各不相同的房间。
【答案】(1)Every
individual (2)individual
member
(3)individually
designed
rooms
2．lead
to
导致；造成(后果)
(P38)Confucius
said
that
learning
without
understanding
leads
to
confusion.
【翻译】孔子说学而不思则罔。
(1)lead
sb.
to
do
sth.
使某人做某事
(2)lead
a…life
过着……的生活
(3)lead
the
way
带路
(4)lead
sb.
by
the
nose
牵着某人的鼻子走
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
lead
n．领先
in
the
lead领先；处于首位
Many
of
these
chemicals
can
lead
to
cancer
or
other
illnesses.
很多化学成分能导致癌症或其他疾病。
After
retirement,
my
grandpa
wanted
to
lead
a
simple
life
in
the
small
town.
退休后，我的祖父只想在小镇过一种简单的生活。
【词汇串记】
With
him
leading
the
way,
we
got
there
without
any
difficulty.But
for
him,
we
would
have
been
lost,
which
would
lead
to
serious
consequences.His
action
led
us
to
believe
that
he
was
our
true
friend.
有他带路，我们毫不费力地到达了那里。要不是他，我们就有可能迷路了，这会导致严重的后果。他的行为使我们相信他是我们真正的朋友。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The
discovery
of
new
evidence
led
to
the
thief
________(catch)．
(2)What
was
it
that
led
you
_______(leave)
America
for
Hong
Kong?
【答案】(1)being
caught (2)to
leave
单句改错
(3)We
firmly
believe
that
war
never
settles
anything.It
only
leads
violence.
_____________________________________________
(4)She
was
on
the
lead
during
the
race.
_____________________________________________
【答案】(3)leads后加to (4)on改为in
3．be
similar
to…
和……相似
(P38)Why
do
you
think
William
said
his
hometown
was
similar
to
Qufu?
【翻译】你认为为什么威廉说他的家乡和曲阜很像？
be
similar
in
…在……方面相似
【用法详解】
【归纳拓展】
(1)be
the
same
as…与……相同
(2)be
different
from…与……不同
(3)be
different
in…在……方面不同
※(4)similarity
n．相似点；类似。
和similar变名词一样变法的常用单词有：
equal→equality
平等
popular→popularity
受欢迎
curious→curiosity
好奇心
generous→generosity
慷慨；大方
Some
body
language
is
similar
everywhere.
有些肢体语言在各个地方都相似。
American
and
British
English
are
different
in
many
small
ways.
美式英语和英式英语在许多细节上有所差别。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The
two
cars
are
very
similar
________
size
and
design.
(2)In
many
ways,
the
education
system
in
the
US
is
not
very
different________
that
in
the
UK.
【答案】(1)in (2)from
完成句子
(3)My
teaching
style
________
________
________(和……相似)
most
teachers'.
(4)Paul
________
________
________(在……方面相似)
appearance
to
his
brother.
【答案】(3)is
similar
to (4)is
similar
in
1．(P38)As
one
of
Confucius'
descendants，Xiao
Kong's
name
is
recorded
in
the
family
tree.
【翻译】作为孔子的后代之一，小孔的名字被记载在家谱上。
【考点提炼】
本句中的as为介词，意为“作为”。
【归纳拓展】
as作为连词引导从句的用法：
(1)引导时间状语从句，
意为“当……时，随着……”；
(2)引导方式状语从句，
意为“以……方式”；
(3)引导原因状语从句，
意为“由于”；
(4)引导比较状语从句，
多用于as
…as
…或not
so/as
…as…结构，前一个as是副词，后一个as是连词，它所引导的比较状语从句多使用省略形式；
(5)引导让步状语从句，从句必须用倒装的形式，倒装时将表语(单数可数名词作表语时要省略冠词)、状语或谓语动词提前。
※(6)另外，as也可用作关系代词引导定语从句，意为“正如，如同”。
You
must
do
everything
as
I
do.
你必须照我的做法去做所有事。
As
you're
not
feeling
well，you
may
stay
at
home.
由于你身体不好，你可以留在家里。
As
time
went
by,
she
became
more
and
more
worried.
随着时间的流逝，她越来越担心。
As
a
student,
I
must
make
full
use
of
my
time
to
improve
myself.
作为一名学生，我必须充分利用时间提升自己。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)We
had
better
hurry,
________
________
________
________
________.
我们最好快一点，因为天要黑了。
(2)Much________
________
________
________，
I
can't
agree
with
his
analysis
of
the
situation.
尽管我很尊敬他，但我不能同意他对情况的分析。
(3)It
is
surveyed
that
50
percent
of
the
patients
do
not
take
drugs________ ________.
据调查，50%的病人没有遵照指示服药。
(4)________
________
________
________，my
mother's
hair
has
turned
grey.
随着时间的流逝，我母亲的头发变灰白了。
【答案】(1)as
it
is
getting
dark (2)as
I
respect
him
(3)as
directed (4)As
time
goes
on
2．(P38)His
hometown
doesn't
allow
other
buildings
to
be
more
noticeable
than
the
historic
buildings.
【翻译】他的家乡不允许其他建筑物比这些历史建筑更引人注目。
【考点提炼】
短语allow
sb.
to
do
sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，也可以写成allow
doing
sth.。
【归纳拓展】
(1)allow…to
do…
允许……做……
(2)allow
doing…
允许做……
(3)allow
for
sb./sth.
考虑到；估计到；把……计算在内
(4)allow
of
sth.
容许；使有可能
Never
allow
personal
problems
to
affect
your
performance.
绝不要让个人问题影响你的表现。
The
children
are
not
allowed
to
watch
violent
TV
programmes.
儿童不准收看含暴力内容的电视节目。
【特别提醒】
※请继续熟悉下列短语：
(1)allow
sb.
to
do
sth./allow
doing
sth.
允许某人做某事
(2)permit
sb.
to
do
sth./permit
doing
sth.
允许某人做某事
(3)advise
sb.
to
do
sth./advise
doing
sth.
建议某人做某事
(4)recommend
sb.
to
do
sth./recommend
doing
sth.
推荐某人做某事
(5)forbid
sb.
to
do
sth./forbid
doing
sth.
禁止某人做某事
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)If
you
won't
let
me
pay
for
a
taxi,
then
at
least
allow
me
________(lend)
you
something.
(2)We'd
recommend
you
________(book)
your
flight
early.
【答案】(1)to
lend (2)to
book
一句多译
(3)他的父母不会允许他在外面待得很晚。
His
parents
won't
________
________
________
________
________
late.
His
parents
won't
______
______
_______ _______
late.
【答案】(3)allow
him
to
stay
out (4)allow
his
staying
out
语
音
时
空
□连读
本单元主要内容是连读以及连读的发音
1．规则如下：辅音＋元音：相邻的两词中，前一个词以辅音结尾，后一个词以元音开头时，一般将辅音和元音连起来读，如：Look
at
the
photos.
2．r/re＋元音：前一个词以－r或－re结尾，后一个词以元音开头，此时r或re要发/r/音，并与其后的元音连读。如：There
are
many
kinds.
3．元音＋元音：前一个单词以/i/或/i?/结尾，后一个单词以元音开头时，添加/j/后连读；前一个单词可以/u/或/u?/结尾，后一个单词以元音开头，添加/w/后连读。如：I
agree.
Do
it.
【答案】(1)tradition (2)confusion (3)project
(4)famous (5)hometown (6)research
(7)expression (8)meaning (9)present (10)allow
2．找出画线部分中一个发音不同的选项
( )(1)A.cabbage
B．again
C．arrest
D．tradition
( )(2)A.measure
B．custom
C．respect
D．soup
( )(3)A.twice
B．invite
C．terrible
D．kite
( )(4)A.amount
B．doubt
C．shoulder
D．outdoors
( )(5)A.thunder
B．worth
C．north
D．clothes
【答案】(1)A (2)A (3)C (4)C (5)D
3．请标记下列句子中需要连读的地方
(1)The
students
ate
in
the
cafeteria.
(2)I
was
amazed
to
hear
about
it.
(3)His
plane
arrives
this
afternoon.
(4)She
told
us
an
interesting
story.
(5)You
can
open
it
and
take
all
of
them.
(6)Please
stop
at
the
store
for
a
newspaper.
(7)I
will
put
on
my
glasses
to
look
at
this.
(8)Here's
some
ice
for
your
glass
of
water.
(9)These
women
are
waiting
for
some
information.
(10)There's
an
apartment
for
rent
on
a
quiet
street.
【答案】
(1)The
students︶
ate︶
in
the
cafeteria.
(2)I︶
was︶
amazed
to
hear︶
about︶
it.
(3)His
plane︶
arrives
this︶
afternoon.
(4)She
told︶
us︶
an︶
interesting
story.
(5)You
can︶
open︶
it
and
take︶
all︶
of
them.
(6)Please
stop︶
at
the
store
for︶
a
newspaper.
(7)I
will
put︶
on
my
glasses
to
look︶
at
this.
(8)Here's
some︶
ice
for
your
glass︶
of
water.
(9)These
women︶
are
waiting
for
some︶
information.
(10)There's︶
an︶
apartment
for
rent︶
on︶
a
quiet
street.
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．This
is
the
right
________(后跟)
height
for
you.
2．He
was
a
________(后代)
of
a
Spanish
soldier.
3．Her
________(哲学)
of
life
is
to
take
every
opportunity
that
presents
itself.
4．My
father
lies
in
the
small
________(公墓)
a
few
miles
up
this
road.
5．Every
________(个人)
has
rights
which
must
never
be
taken
away.
6．This
development
was
only
possible
with
the
________(介绍)
of
electric－powered
engines
and
lifts.
7．Confucius
was
a
Chinese
thinker
and
social
________(哲学家)
of
the
Spring
and
Autumn
Period.
8．Dujiangyan
Irrigation
System,
located
in
the
west
of
Dujiangyan
City,
Sichuan,
is
a
great
ancient
irrigation________(项目)．
9．We'd
better
go
in
a
group,
not________(个别地)．
10．The
facts
________(允许)
of
only
one
explanation.
【答案】1.heel 2.descendant 3.philosophy
4．cemetery 5.individual 6.introduction
7．philosopher 8.project 9.individually 10.allow
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．As________
out－going
girl,
I
get
along
well
with
my
classmates.
2．When
________(walk)
down
the
street,
I
came
across
David,
whom
I
hadn't
seen
for
years.
3．We
wanted
our
son
to
have
________
full
a
life
as
possible.
4．We
need
a
foreign
policy
that
is
more
flexible
________
this
one.
5．We
live
in
a
society
________
there
is
a
great
deal
of
debate
about
competition.
【答案】1.an 2.walking 3.as 4.than 5.where
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．The
number
of
smokers,
________
________
________，
has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
正如报道的那样，吸烟者的数量在仅一年内下降了17%。
2．________
________
the
bad
weather,
we
should
set
off
right
now.
考虑到天气不好，我们应该马上出发。
3．As
Jack
left
his
membership
card
at
home,
he
________
________
________
________
________
the
sports
club.
因为杰克把会员卡落在了家里，所以他不被允许进入运动俱乐部。
4．The
book
is
________
________
________
________
all
the
best
Indian
films.
这本书完整地介绍了印度所有最好的电影。
5．__________
__________
__________，
Taiwan
is
part
of
China.
众所周知，台湾是中国的一部分。
6．_________
_________，
her
performance
was
wonderful.
正如我们所期待的，她的表演非常精彩。
【答案】1.as
is
reported 2.Allowing
for
3．wasn't
allowed
to
go
into 4.a
complete
introduction
to
5.As
is
known
to
all 6.As
we
had
expected
