模块素养提升(四)
Module
4
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
It
is
generally
believed
that
advertising
can
increase
production(produce)
and
sales.
2.
She
was
offered
the
leading(lead)role
in
the
new
TV
series.
3.
The
original(origin)
owner
of
the
house
was
Duke
of
Wellington.
4.
Modernization
is
the
key
to
speed
up
our
agricultural(agriculture)development.
5.
Homeless
people
often
have
difficulty
finding
a
job
because
they
aren’t
supported(support)
by
government
programs.
?
6.
Staying
up
late
makes
him
at
his
worst
in
terms
of
physical(physics)
situation.
7.
I
want
to
tell
you
the
dream
which
keeps
me
moving(move)
forward.
8.
It
is
clear
that
the
environment
conditions
have
been
getting
better
and
better
recently.
9.
When
my
personal(person)
dream
came
true,
I
realized
that
I
should
help
more
people
to
realize
their
dreams.
10.
The
mother
stood
there,
waving(wave)
goodbye
to
her
daughter.
Ⅱ.
短语填空
by
accident,
as
a
result
of,
bring
up,
be
attached
to,
come
to
power,
experiment
with,
bring
in,
at
war
with,
earn
one’s
living,
be
known
for
1.
Owls
are
known
for
their
beauty
and
intelligence.
?
2.
This
hospital
is
attached
to
our
medical
department.
?
3.
The
school
is
experimenting
with
new
teaching
methods.
?
4.
He
came
to
power
in
his
forties,
becoming
the
youngest
president
in
history.
?
5.
I
found
the
key
by
accident
when
I
was
cleaning
the
room.
?
6.
This
will
bring
in
several
thousand
yuan
to
the
family.
?
7.
Most
people
in
this
city
earn
their
living
by
working
in
the
car
factory.
?
8.
My
father
always
coughs
as
a
result
of
smoking.
?
9.
The
country
was
at
war
with
its
neighbouring
country
because
of
border
dispute(边境争端).
?
10.
The
poor
homeless
boy
was
adopted
and
brought
up
by
a
warm-hearted
woman.
?
Ⅲ.
根据提示完成语段
As
we
all
know,
reading
is
1.
the
key
to(……的关键)the
treasure
house
of
knowledge.
2.
As
a
result
of
(由于……)the
electric
products,
such
as
phones,
the
Internet,
people
rely
more
on
them.
Unfortunately,
fewer
and
fewer
people
3.
are
interested
in(对……感兴趣)reading.
More
famous
scientists
were
4.
brought
in(引进)to
find
out
a
solution
to
this
problem.
Many
of
them
5.
brought
up(提出)all
kinds
of
suggestions
at
the
meeting.
People
can
be
6.
converted
to(转变成)open
minded
ones
by
reading
more.
We
7.
figure
out(计算出)that
the
number
will
8.
rise
by(上升……)60%.
?
Ⅳ.
完形填空
(2020·黑龙江高一检测)
Jeremy
Locke,
25,
has
his
own
roofing
company
in
Bridgeport,
Nova
Scotia.
For
a
couple
of
years
before
he
began
his
1 ,
he
would
drive
past
the
home
of
Jeanette
MacDonald,
noticing
the 2 state
of
her
roof.
He
was 3 —not
just
for
the
elderly
woman
but
also
for
the
children
living
with
her.
So,
Locke
4 to
lend
a
helping
hand.
?
The
young
man
knocked
on
MacDonald’s
door
and 5 to
fix
her
roof
for
nothing,
“I
didn’t
know
who
the
woman
was,
but
I
wanted
to 6 this
for
her
and
her
grandchildren,
”
he
explained
to
The
Chronicle
Herald.
However,
despite
his
kind 7 ,
the
woman
politely
turned
him
down.
?
MacDonald
and
her 8 left
an
impression
on
Locke.
He
saw 9 between
the
woman
and
his
own
grandmother,
and
couldn’t
bear
to
see
her
in
this
10 .
He
had
also
grown
up
without
much
and
felt
that
he
should
use
his
skills
to
11 .
?
A
year
after
Locke
set
up
his
own
roofing
company,
seeing
that
the
roof
was
12 in
a
state
of
disrepair,
Locke
returned
to
MacDonald’s
home
and
asked
MacDonald
if
she
wanted
to
enter
a
raffle
(抽奖)
his
company
was
doing
for
a
13 roof.
The
70-year-old
woman
14 the
chance,
but
little
did
she
know
that
there
was
no
15 .
?
MacDonald’s
relief
16 Locke’s
kindness
is
immeasurable,
“I
could
win
$1
million
but
it
wouldn’t
make
me
as
17
as
knowing
I’m
getting
a
new
roof
on.
Jeremy
is
18 something.
He’s
a
guardian
angel
(守护天使)
sent
from
God.
”?
The
19
should
cost
about
$
9,
000
in
terms
of
materials
and
manpower.
However,
the
only
thing
Locke
wants
in
return
is
a
home-cooked
meal
for
his
staff
from
the
woman
who
20
him
of
his
grandmother.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jeremy
Locke想为老太太Jeanette
MacDonald免费修屋顶,
但MacDonald拒绝了,
为了帮助MacDonald,
Locke谎称有一个关于免费屋顶的抽奖,
MacDonald得到了这个免费的机会,
最终Locke帮MacDonald修好了屋顶。
1.
A.
journey
B.
business
C.
research
D.
life
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
在他开始做生意之前的几年里,
他会开车经过Jeanette
MacDonald的家。journey旅程;
business生意,
事业;
research研究;
life生活。由上一句的his
own
roofing
company可知,
是在他做生意的前几年。
2.
A.
average
B.
unexpected
C.
special
D.
terrible
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
注意到她屋顶的糟糕的状况。
average平均的;
unexpected预料之外的;
special特殊的;
terrible糟糕的。由后文第4空后的lend
a
helping
hand,
第5空后的fix
her
roof
for
nothing和第四段的the
roof
was
in
a
state
of
disrepair可知,
她家的屋顶状况很糟糕。?
3.
A.
frightened
B.
embarrassed
C.
concerned
D.
disappointed
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
他担忧的不仅仅是这位老太太,
还有和她一起生活的孩子们。
frightened害怕的;
embarrassed尴尬的;
concerned担心的;
disappointed失望的。由后文第4空后的lend
a
helping
hand可知,
Jeremy
Locke提供帮助是因为担心他们。
4.
A.
decided
B.
appeared
C.
agreed
D.
happened
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
因此Locke决定伸出援助之手。decided决定;
appeared出现;
agreed同意;
happened发生。由后文第5空后的fix
her
roof
for
nothing可知,
Locke要帮老太太修屋顶,
说明他决定帮助老太太。
5.
A.
declined
B.
offered
C.
managed
D.
pretended
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
那个年轻人敲了MacDonald的门,
提出要免费修理她的屋顶。
declined拒绝;
offered提供;
managed设法;
pretended假装。由前文第4空后的lend
a
helping
hand可知,
Locke是提出免费帮老太太修屋顶。
6.
A.
catch
up
with
B.
take
care
of
C.
get
rid
of
D.
put
up
with
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
他向《纪事先驱报》解释说,
我不知道那个女人是谁,
但我想为她和她的孙子们处理这个。
catch
up
with提出;
take
care
of照顾,
处理;
get
rid
of摆脱,
除去;
put
up
with忍受。由上文第5空后的fix
her
roof
for
nothing可知,
Locke要帮老太太免费修屋顶,
说明他要处理这个屋顶。
7.
A.
application
B.
reaction
C.
theory
D.
intention
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
然而,
尽管他有好意,
那个女人还是礼貌地拒绝了他。
application申请;
reaction反应;
theory理论;
intention意图。由上文可知,
他想免费帮老太太修屋顶,
说明他有好的意图。
8.
A.
hesitation
B.
shame
C.
regret
D.
difficulty
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
MacDonald和她的困难给Locke留下了印象。hesitation犹豫;
shame耻辱;
regret遗憾;
difficulty困难。由上文可知,
正是老太太MacDonald的困难(她家屋顶状况很糟糕)给Locke留下了印象,
Locke才会想帮忙。
9.
A.
symbols
B.
conditions
C.
similarities
D.
beliefs
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
他看到老太太和他自己的祖母的相似之处,
不忍心见到她居住在这种情况下。symbols标志;
conditions情况;
similarities相似点;
beliefs信仰。由本句中提到的his
own
grandmother和couldn’t
bear
to
see
her可知,
应该是看到老太太和自己祖母的相似之处。
10.
A.
situation
B.
occupation
C.
incident
D.
direction
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
他看到老太太和他自己的祖母的相似之处,
不忍心见到她居住在这种情况下。
situation情况;
occupation职业;
incident事情;
direction方向。由上文可知,
老太太的情况不好(屋顶状况糟糕),
所以此处是说“居住在这种(不好的)情况下”。
11.
A.
respond
B.
give
C.
help
D.
develop
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
他也是在没有多少东西的情况下长大,
觉得应该用自己的技能来帮忙。respond反应;
give给予;
help帮忙;
develop发展。由上文可知,
Locke会修屋顶,
他一直想要用这项技能帮助老太太。
12.
A.
still
B.
even
C.
already
D.
just
【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意:
成立自己的屋顶维修公司一年后,
Locke看到她的屋顶仍然年久失修。still仍然;
even甚至;
already已经;
just刚刚。由上文可知,
老太太拒绝了Locke为她修屋顶的提议,
所以她的屋顶还是处于失修的状态。
13.
A.
temporary
B.
delicate
C.
random
D.
free
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
Locke回到MacDonald的家,
问MacDonald是否想参加他公司关于免费屋顶的抽奖活动。
temporary暂时的;
delicate精致的;
random随意的;
free免费的。由前文和本句中的抽奖可知,
之前MacDonald拒绝了Locke为她免费修屋顶的提议,
为了帮助MacDonald,
Locke谎称有一个免费屋顶的抽奖,
此处应是“免费的”。
14.
A.
went
over
B.
jumped
at
C.
laughed
off
D.
looked
into
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。
went
over仔细检查;
jumped
at欣然接受;
laughed
off一笑置之;
looked
into调查。由前文可知,
MacDonald家的屋顶坏了,
现在有一个免费屋顶抽奖,
她肯定会欣然接受这个机会。
15.
A.
competition
B.
cheating
C.
dilemma
D.
chance
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
这位70岁的老太太欣然接受了这个机会,
但她不知道这里没有竞争。competition比赛,
竞争;
cheating欺骗;
dilemma困境;
chance机会。由全文语境可知,
为了帮助MacDonald,
Locke谎称有一个免费屋顶的抽奖,
所以根本没有其他参与者和她竞争。
16.
A.
comparing
B.
withdrawing
C.
following
D.
contradicting
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
在Locke的善良之后,
MacDonald的轻松是无法估量的。
comparing比较;
withdrawing撤退;
following在……之后;
contradicting否认,
反驳。由全文语境可知,
MacDonald的轻松是在Locke善意地提供免费屋顶抽奖之后才会有的。
17.
A.
strong
B.
lucky
C.
happy
D.
rich
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
我可以赢100万美元,
但这不会让我像知道我得到了一个新的屋顶一样高兴。strong强壮的;
lucky幸运的;
happy高兴的;
rich富有的。由本句中knowing
I’m
getting
a
new
roof
on可知,
(家里屋顶要修的)MacDonald得到了一个新屋顶,
她一定是高兴的。
18.
A.
partly
B.
possibly
C.
generally
D.
really
【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。句意:
Jeremy真的很了不起。
partly部分地;
possibly可能地;
generally一般;
really真正地。由下一句“他是上帝派来的守护天使”可知,
Jeremy真的很了不起。
19.
A.
room
B.
job
C.
meal
D.
decoration
【解析】选B。
考查名词词义辨析。句意:
这项工作的材料和人力成本大约为9
000美元。
room房间,
空间;
job工作;
meal一顿饭;
decoration装饰。由上文可知,
MacDonald得到了免费屋顶,
弄一个新屋顶是一项工作。
20.
A.
reminds
B.
warns
C.
convinces
D.
informs
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
不过,
Locke唯一想得到的回报是,
这位让他想起他祖母的女士为他的员工做一顿家常饭。
reminds使……想起;
warns警告;
convinces使确信;
informs通知。由上文可知,
MacDonald和Locke的祖母很像,
所以是MacDonald使Locke想起了祖母。
Ⅴ.
语法填空
(2020·临洮高一检测)
A
few
weeks
ago,
a
friend
and
I,
both
traveling
in
the
south
of
France,
1.
(decide)
to
go
to
the
chocolate
festival,
2.
(call)
“Feria
du
Chocolat”
in
French.
I
had
3.
fantastic
time.
?
There
were
stalls
(货摊)
selling
boxes
of
chocolates,
sweets,
dessert
wines,
etc.
All
the
stall
owners
were
very
friendly
and
happy
to
see
the
4.
(arrive)
of
foreigners
like
us.
They
explained
their
methods
of
5.
(make)
chocolate,
showed
us
photos
of
their
factories,
and,
of
course,
let
us
try
their
products!
My
friend
bought
some
chocolate
cups,
6
is
a
great
novelty
(新鲜事物)—you
drink
your
drink,
and then
you
can
eat
the
chocolate
cup!
?
We
then
went
to
a
masterclass
where
we
learnt
how
to
make
chocolate.
I
was
a
little
7.
(worry)
before
the
masterclass,
as
there
were
only
12
people
in
a
class,
and
I
wasn’t
sure
if
my
French
would
be
good
enough
8.
(understand)
everything!
Luckily,
everyone
was
9.
(extreme)
friendly—the
lady
next
10.
me
was
making
notes
of
everything
we
did,
so
she
explained
when
I
didn’t
understand.
At
the
end,
our
class
stayed
in
the
room
and
chatted
about
how
much
we
were
enjoying
the
day
and
eating
lots
of
chocolate!
?
【文章大意】作者讲述了自己和一个朋友参加“巧克力节”的故事。
1.
【解析】decided。考查一般过去时。由A
few
weeks
ago可知,
decide所表示的动作发生在过去,
故填decided。
2.
【解析】called。考查过去分词作定语的用法。设空处作后置定语修饰chocolate
festival,
因为call与chocolate
festival
之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,
故填called。
3.
【解析】a。考查不定冠词。have
a
fantastic
time意为“度过一段美妙的时光”。
4.
【解析】arrival。考查名词。设空处作宾语,
且前面有the限定,
应用名词形式,
故填arrival。
5.
【解析】making。考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。设空处作介词of的宾语,
故填making。
6.
【解析】which。考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句补充说明chocolate
cups,
且在从句中作主语,
故填which。
7.
【解析】worried。考查形容词作表语的用法。设空处作表语,
表示“感到担心的”,
故填worried。
8.
【解析】to
understand。考查固定结构。“be+形容词+enough
to
do.
.
.
”意为“……到足以做……”。
9.
【解析】extremely。考查副词。设空处作状语修饰形容词friendly,
故填extremely。
10.
【解析】to。考查介词。next
to.
.
.
意为“在……的旁边”。
Ⅵ.
微写作
根据下面的提示介绍美籍华人科学家吴健雄,
尽可能多地使用本模块的单词短语和句型。词数80个左右。
1.
吴健雄,
女性华裔物理学家,
1912年5月31日出生于江苏省太仓县。
2.
1940年毕业于加利福尼亚大学。
3.
毕业后致力于物理研究,
逐渐成为主要人物。
4.
虽然定居美国,
但她经常被请回中国讲学。
5.
于1992年根据她的名字在东南大学设立了一个实验室。
6.
1997年,
她因心脏病去世。
核心要点提示:
①In
1940,
she
graduated
from.
.
.
②.
.
.
gradually
became
a
leading
figure
③she
was
often
brought
in
to
hold
lectures
④a
laboratory
was
set
up
under
her
name
in
1992
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Wu
Jianxiong(1912-1997),
a
female
Chinese-American
physicist,
was
brought
up
in
Taicang
County,
Jiangsu
Province.
In
1940,
she
graduated
from
California
University.
After
graduation,
she
devoted
her
life
to
her
research
in
physics
and
gradually
became
a
leading
figure.
Though
she
settled
in
America,
she
was
often
brought
in
to
hold
lectures
in
China.
She
was
known
for
Dongnan
University,
where
a
laboratory
was
set
up
under
her
name
in
1992.
On
February
16th,
1997,
she
died
of
heart
disease.
PAGE模块素养评价(四)(Module
4)
(120分钟 150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,
满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;
每小题1.
5分,
满分7.
5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,
你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text
1
W:
Ann
looks
rather
upset
these
days.
Do
you
know
what
happened
to
her?
M:
Yeah,
①
she
failed
maths,
and
she
must
be
worried
about
the
results
of
her
other
exams,
too.
1.
Why
is
Ann
so
upset?
A.
She
failed
one
of
her
exams.
B.
She
is
worrying
about
other
lessons.
C.
She
has
no
time
to
do
her
maths
homework.
答案:
A
Text
2
M:
You've
been
doing
well
with
your
diet,
Diane.
I'm
proud
of
you.
You
never
eat
junk
food
anymore.
W:
I
decided
to
follow
your
advice.
I
used
to
order
delivery
like
most
people
in
the
office,
②but
you
inspired
me
to
eat
healthier
meals.
2.
What
type
of
food
does
the
woman
eat?
A.
Junk
food.
B.
Healthy
food.
C.
Delivered
food.
答案:
B
Text
3
W:
③I
guess
I
should
invite
Jack
to
my
birthday
party
next
Friday.
After
all,
he
is
my
only
friend
in
the
school.
M:
It
is
up
to
you.
You
should
tell
him
on
Tuesday
or
Wednesday.
3.
When
is
the
woman's
birthday?
A.
Next
Tuesday.
B.
Next
Wednesday.
C.
Next
Friday.
答案:
C
Text
4
W:
④Airport,
please.
I'm
running
a
little
late.
So
just
take
the
fastest
way,
even
if
it's
not
the
most
direct.
M:
Sure,
but
there
is
a
lot
of
traffic
everywhere
today
because
of
the
football
game.
4.
What
is
the
woman
worried
about?
A.
Being
late
for
the
football
game.
B.
Having
a
traffic
accident.
C.
Missing
her
flight.
答案:
C
Text
5
M:
I'm
still
wondering
whether
we
should
get
another
credit
card.
W:
Isn't
that
just
another
bill
to
pay?
M:
It
could
be.
But
we
don't
have
to
use
it
a
lot.
⑤I
just
want
to
build
up
our
credit
scores.
They're
not
as
high
as
they
should
be,
and
the
only
way
to
get
a
home
loan
is
to
have
really
good
credit.
5.
Why
does
the
man
want
another
credit
card?
A.
To
pay
for
a
car.
B.
To
get
a
higher
credit
score.
C.
To
buy
more
things
he
needs.
答案:
B
第二节(共15小题;
每小题1.
5分,
满分22.
5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,
你将有时间阅读各个小题,
每小题5秒钟;
听完后,
各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,
回答第6、7题。
Text
6
W:
Can
I
get
you
something?
M:
⑥Yes,
a
hamburger,
please.
W:
Anything
to
drink?
Tea,
Coke,
coffee,
or
orange
juice?
M:
Oh,
yes,
⑥a
Coke,
please.
I'm
thirsty.
W:
Here
you
are.
⑦That's
$1.
50
in
total.
M:
⑦
I
think
that's
$1.
15.
Look
at
the
price
there.
W:
Oh,
you're
right.
Sorry.
We
have
adjusted
the
price
for
drinks.
6.
What
does
the
man
order?
A.
A
hamburger
and
a
coffee.
B.
A
Coke
and
a
cake.
C.
A
hamburger
and
a
Coke.
答案:
C
7.
Where
does
the
man
disagree
with
the
woman?
A.
About
the
total
price.
B.
About
the
taste.
C.
About
the
price
for
the
Coke.
答案:
A
听第7段材料,
回答第8、9题。
Text
7
W:
May
I
help
you?
M:
Yes.
I'd
like
to
book
three
seats
to
Calgary
Canada
on
a
flight
leaving
sometime
before
next
Sunday.
W:
Economy
class?
M:
Yes.
W:
One-way
or
round
trip?
M:
One-way.
W:
There
aren't
any
direct
flights,
sir.
You
will
have
to
change
in
Vancouver.
M:
That's
all
right.
W:
⑧There
is
a
Canadian
Airlines
Flight
30
leaving
Beijing
next
Friday
at
10:
00
am.
⑨It
has
three
seats
available.
Will
that
be
all
right?
M:
That's
fine.
W:
Your
name,
please?
M:
B-a-s-i-l,
Basil.
How
much
is
the
ticket?
W:
⑨$580
for
one.
8.
When
is
the
man's
flight
leaving?
A.
Next
Sunday.
B.
Next
Saturday.
C.
Next
Friday.
答案:
C
9.
How
much
will
the
man
have
to
pay
for
all
tickets?
A.
$1,
740.
B.
$1,
160.
C.
$580.
答案:
A
听第8段材料,
回答第10～12题。
Text
8
M:
Now,
for
the
assignment.
.
.
⑩?your
assignment
is
to
create
a
pencil
drawing
of
an
Indian
village.
You
can
use
the
information
I
just
provided
and
you
can
find
more
information
in
Chapter
22
of
the
text.
W:?But,
Dr.
Thomas,
what
if
I
can't
draw?
I'm
not
very
good
at
drawing.
M:
Well
just
try
your
best.
I
want
you
to
make
a
good
effort.
W:
Are
you
expecting
just
a
simple
drawing
or
does
the
drawing
need
to
be
complicated?
M:
I'd
like
you
to
do
the
best
you
can
do.
W:
Well,
for
me,
my
best
might
not
be
what
you're
expecting.
10.
What
does
the
man
want
the
girl
to
do?
A.
Find
a
village.
B.
Draw
a
picture.
C.
Provide
information.
答案:
B
11.
Which
of
the
following
can
describe
the
girl?
A.
She
is
unfriendly.
B.
She
lacks
imagination.
C.
She
lacks
confidence.
答案:
C
12.
What
is
the
probable
relationship
between
the
two
speakers?
A.
Teacher
and
student.
B.
Father
and
daughter.
C.
Boss
and
secretary.
答案:
A
听第9段材料,
回答第13～16题。
Text
9
M:
I
saw
you
on
the
news!
You're
a
hero!
Come
on,
tell
me
all
the
details.
W:
Well,
?I
was
watching
the
pool
from
my
chair,
like
I
always
do.
There
was
a
group
of
kids
taking
diving
lessons
in
the
deep
end.
M:
Go
on.
.
.
W:
I
guess
one
of
the
students
hit
their
head
on
the
diving
board,
because
I
saw
that
someone
was
sinking
to
the
bottom
of
the
pool.
M:
So,
what
did
you
do
next?
W:
I
jumped
in
the
pool
after
their
instructor
jumped
in
and
brought
the
kid
back
to
the
surface.
It
was
a
young
girl,
and
she
had
swallowed
a
lot
of
water.
M:
Wow.
Did
you
give
her
mouth-to-mouth?
W:
Of
course.
?Then
I
told
one
of
the
kids
to
call
for
an
ambulance.
M:
Quick
thinking!
W:
The
girl
coughed
the
water
up
almost
immediately,
and
just
like
that,
it
was
over.
We
cleaned
the
wound
and
bandaged
it
up，?and
the
emergency
services
arrived
twenty
minutes
later.
M:
How
was
she?
W:
She
had
no
memory
of
the
past
ten
minutes.
She
wanted
to
go
back
in
the
pool.
?She
didn't
even
know
why
her
parents
were
crying.
M:
She
must
have
been
in
shock.
13.
What
does
the
woman
probably
do?
A.
She's
a
diver.
B.
She's
a
lifeguard.
C.
She's
a
swimming
instructor.
答案:
B
14.
Who
called
the
ambulance?
A.
The
woman.
B.
One
of
the
students.
C.
The
instructor.
答案:
B
15.
When
did
the
ambulance
arrive?
A.
Ten
minutes
later.
B.
Twelve
minutes
later.
C.
Twenty
minutes
later.
答案:
C
16.
How
did
the
girl
react
when
she
awoke?
A.
She
didn't
know
what
happened.
B.
She
went
back
into
the
pool.
C.
She
cried.
答案:
A
听第10段材料,
回答第17～20题。
Text
10
When
I
was
in
college,
I
spent
a
term
studying
in
London.
Even
though
we
speak
the
same
language,
English
people
and
Americans
are
very
different.
?They
think
that
we
Americans
are
loud
and
that
we
speak
our
minds
too
much.
?So
I
tried
to
listen
a
bit
more
and
not
be
so
self-centered.
I
love
the
lifestyle
there.
?Out
for
afternoon-tea
was
fun,
and
I
always
did
that
with
my
friends.
?And
I
really
loved
the
old
buildings.
We
don't
have
anything
that
old
in
the
United
States,
so
it
was
pretty
amazing!
By
the
way,
I
also
went
to
Australia
once.
The
buildings
there
weren't
so
attractive
either.
The
British
also
have
a
different
sense
of
humour.
Their
comedy
shows
on
TV
are
really
funny.
I'd
like
to
say
my
experience
was
a
positive
one.
In
fact,
I'm
saving
up
money
so
I
can
go
back
there
again.
17.
Where
does
the
speaker
come
from?
A.
America.
B.
England.
C.
Australia.
答案:
A
18.
What
do
people
think
of
Americans?
A.
Cool.
B.
Self-centered.
C.
Humorous.
答案:
B
19.
What
did
the
speaker
like
to
do
in
the
afternoon
in
England?
A.
Have
a
cup
of
tea.
B.
Watch
comedy
shows.
C.
Play
with
her
friends.
答案:
A
20.
What
did
the
speaker
find
amazing
in
England?
A.
The
people.
B.
The
tea
shop.
C.
The
old
buildings.
答案:
C
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,
满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;
每小题2分,
满分30分)
阅读下列短文,
从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,
选出最佳选项。
A
Summer
is
coming
and
you
might
be
delighted
in
the
stories
and
images
these
summer
picture
books
bring.
Sun,
Sun
by
Brad
Gray
For
this
rhyming
celebration
of
fun
in
sun,
all
your
family
needs
to
take
in
summer's
very
best.
Life-like
illustrations
light
the
senses
and
bring
back
memories
of
summer's
past
and
dreams
of
the
summers
to
come.
Available
from
Amazon,
$9.
99
When
We
Go
Camping
by
Margriet
Ruurs
What
goes
into
camping?
Setting
up
tents
and
looking
at
stars?
Sure,
but
there's
also
so
much
more!
Get
to
know
nature
and
all
the
mystery
and
wonder
she
brings
as
a
family
goes
on
an
outdoor
adventure.
As
educational
as
it
is
fun,
this
image-rich
story
will
lead
your
child
to
explore
deeper
into
the
woods
than
ever
before.
Available
from
Amazon,
$
8.
93
The
Watermelon
Seed
by
Greg
Pizzoli
Ever
wonder
what
would
happen
if
you
swallowed
a
watermelon
seed?
A
crocodile
has
wondered
(and
worried)
about
it
quite
a
bit!
Will
he
grow
a
watermelon
in
his
belly?
Will
he
sprout
crazy
vines
(藤)?
He's
not
quite
sure,
but
when
the
concerned
crocodile
accidentally
swallows
a
seed,
his
imagination
takes
over
and
amusement
arises!
Available
from
Amazon,
$
9.
95
Three
Little
Words
by
Amy
Novesky
Dory
Dory's
“Just
keep
swimming!
”
message
of
perseverance
is
perfect
for
anyone
who
has
ever
felt
like
they
were
drowning.
Follow
Dory
to
an
unforgettable
adventure
as
she
finds
her
way
in
this
beautiful
adventure
of
friendship
and
survival.
Available
from
Amazon,
$
12.
06
【文章大意】这是一篇广告。介绍了亚马逊网站上销售的一些夏日图书。包括书的内容和价格。
21.
Which
book
do
you
buy
if
you
enjoy
sleeping
outdoors?
A.
Sun,
Sun
B.
When
We
Go
Camping
C.
The
Watermelon
Seed
D.
Three
Little
Words
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据“When
We
Go
Camping
by
Margriet
Ruurs”中的“Setting
up
tents
and
looking
at
stars?
”“搭帐篷看星星吗?
”可知,
如果喜欢在野外住宿,
你可能会买When
We
Go
Camping这本书。
22.
What
troubles
the
crocodile
in
The
Watermelon
Seed?
A.
A
plant
might
grow
in
his
body.
B.
He
shouldn't
have
eaten
the
watermelon.
C.
A
seed
won't
come
out
of
his
stomach.
D.
He
doesn't
know
how
to
take
care
of
the
plant.
【解析】选A。
细节理解题。根据“The
Watermelon
Seed
by
Greg
Pizzoli”中的“A
crocodile
has
wondered
(and
worried)
about
it
quite
a
bit!
Will
he
grow
a
watermelon
in
his
belly?
”“鳄鱼对吃下去的瓜籽很好奇(也很担心)!
他的肚子里会长出一个西瓜吗?
”可知,
他担心肚子里会长出植物。
23.
What
message
does
Three
Little
Words
give
its
readers?
A.
Swimming
is
dangerous.
B.
Adventure
is
interesting.
C.
Never
give
up.
D.
Swimming
is
useful.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据“Three
Little
Words
by
Amy
Novesky
Dory”中的“Dory's
'Just
keep
swimming!
’message
of
perseverance
is
perfect
for
anyone
who
has
ever
felt
like
they
were
drowning.
”
多莉说的“继续游!
”对于任何一个曾经感觉自己快要淹死的人来说,
坚持不懈的信息是极佳的。由此判断出,
Three
Little
Words给读者传达“决不放弃”的信息。
B
Adrianna
Edwards
used
to
have
to
walk
four
and
a
half
long
hours
in
order
to
get
to
work
every
day.
Edwards,
who
works
at
a
Denny's
restaurant
in
Galveston,
Texas,
had
been
saving
to
buy
herself
a
car
so
she
would
no
longer
have
to
make
the
14-mile
journey
to
and
from
her
job.
Thankfully,
the
hard-working
waitress
now
have
a
new
car
to
call
her
own—but
it's
not
one
that
she
bought
with
her
own
money.
An
elderly
couple
who
Edwards
had
been
serving
at
her
restaurant
earlier
this
week
decided
to
buy
a
car
for
their
hard-working
waitress
after
they
learned
about
her
long
journey
to
work.
Hours
after
they
paid
their
bill
generously
(慷慨地),
they
returned
to
the
restaurant
with
a
2019
Nissan
Sentra
and
handed
the
keys
to
a
surprised
Edwards.
Their
only
condition
for
the
gift
was
that
Edwards
should
simply
pay
the
good
deed
forward.
Now
that
she
is
freed
from
having
to
buy
a
car,
Edwards
says
that
she
will
be
able
to
put
herself
through
college
much
sooner
than
she
expected—and
she
is
already
planning
on
using
her
good
luck
to
help
others.
“I
still
feel
like
I'm
dreaming.
Every
two
hours,
I
look
out
of
my
window
to
see
if
there's
still
a
car
there,
”
Edwards
said.
“When
I
see
somebody
in
need,
I'll
probably
be
more
likely
to
help
them
out,
to
do
everything
that
I
can
to
help
them
out.
”
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对老夫妇为女服务员爱德华兹买车的故事。
24.
How
did
Edwards
once
go
to
work
every
day?
A.
By
bus.
B.
By
car.
C.
On
foot.
D.
On
a
bike.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“Adrianna
Edwards
used
to
have
to
walk
four
and
a
half
long
hours
in
order
to
get
to
work
every
day.
阿德里安娜?爱德华兹过去每天要步行四个半小时才能上班,
”可知爱德华兹是每天步行上班的。
25.
How
did
Edwards
get
the
car?
A.
She
bought
it
herself.
B.
A
couple
offered
it
to
her.
C.
Her
husband
gave
it
to
her
as
a
present.
D.
The
owner
of
the
restaurant
lent
it
to
her.
【解析】
选B。细节理解题。根据第三段“本周早些时候,
爱德华兹在她的餐厅服务过的一对老夫妇,
他们得知爱德华兹的上班路程很长,
于是决定给这位勤劳的女服务员买一辆车。”可知爱德华兹的车是一对夫妇送给她的。
26.
What
did
the
couple
ask
Edwards
to
do?
A.
Continue
her
college.
B.
Work
as
a
good
waitress.
C.
Live
a
better
life
in
the
future.
D.
Pass
on
kindness
to
others.
【解析】选D。
细节理解题。根据第四段“Their
only
condition
for
the
gift
was
that
Edwards
should
simply
pay
the
good
deed
forward.
他们送这份礼物的唯一条件是爱德华兹只需把善行延续。”可知那对夫妇叫爱德华兹把善行延续。
27.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
used
to
describe
the
couple
properly?
A.
Hard-working
and
brave.
B.
Helpful
and
generous.
C.
Outgoing
and
caring.
D.
Responsible
and
honest.
【解析】选B。
推理判断题。根据第四段“在他们慷慨付账数小时后,
他们带着一辆2019年产的日产尼桑Sentra回到餐厅,
并将钥匙交给了惊讶的爱德华兹。他们送这份礼物的唯一条件是爱德华兹只需将善行延续。”可知本文主要讲述了一对老夫妇得知爱德华兹的上班路程很长,
于是决定给这位勤劳的女服务员买一辆车,
唯一的条件是爱德华兹只需将善行延续。所以这对夫妇乐于助人,
慷慨大方。
C
London
(CNN)
There
is
no
God-that's
the
conclusion
of
the
celebrated
physicist
Stephen
Hawking,
whose
final
book
is
published
on
Tuesday.
The
book
Brief
Answers
to
the
Big
Questions,
which
was
completed
by
his
family
after
his
death,
presents
answers
to
the
questions
that
Hawking
said
he
received
most
during
his
time
on
Earth.
Other
bombshells
the
British
scientist
left
his
readers
with
include
the
belief
that
alien
life
is
out
there,
artificial
intelligence
could
outsmart
humans
and
time
travel
can't
be
ruled
out.
“There
is
no
God.
No
one
directs
the
universe,
”
he
writes
in
the
book.
“For
centuries,
it
was
believed
that
disabled
people
like
me
were
living
under
a
curse
by
God,
”
he
adds.
“I
prefer
to
think
that
everything
can
be
explained
another
way,
by
the
laws
of
nature.
”
While
Hawking
spoke
of
his
lack
of
belief
in
God
during
his
life,
several
of
his
other
answers
are
more
surprising.
“There
are
forms
of
intelligent
life
out
there,
”
he
writes.
“We
need
to
be
cautious
about
answering
back
until
we
have
developed
a
bit
further.
”
“Travel
back
in
time
can't
be
ruled
out
according
to
our
present
understanding,
”
he
says.
He
also
predicts
that
“within
the
next
hundred
years
we
will
be
able
to
travel
to
anywhere
in
the
Solar
System.
”
In
remarks
prepared
by
Hawking
and
played
at
the
launch
of
the
book
in
London
on
Monday,
the
scientist
also
turned
his
attention
to
the
world
he
was
leaving
behind.
“His
greatest
concern,
”his
daughter
said,
“is
how
divided
we've
become,
”
adding
,
“He
makes
this
comment
about
how
we
seem
to
have
lost
the
ability
to
look
outward,
and
we
are
increasingly
looking
inward
to
ourselves.
”
Hawking's
final
message
to
readers,
though,
is
a
hopeful
one.
Attempting
to
answer
the
question
“How
do
we
shape
the
future?
”,
the
scientist
writes,
“Remember
to
look
up
at
the
stars
and
not
down
at
your
feet.
”
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。CNN报道了霍金的新书Brief
Answers
to
the
Big
Questions,
霍金在这本书中解答了人们之前提出的一些问题并提出了自己的观点。
28.
Which
question
is
NOT
probably
included
in
the
book
Brief
Answers
to
the
Big
Questions?
A.
Is
there
alien
life?
B.
Does
the
solar
system
exist?
C.
Is
time
travel
possible?
D.
Does
anyone
direct
the
universe?
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段“.
.
.
alien
life
is
out
there,
artificial
intelligence
could
outsmart
humans
and
time
travel
can't
be
ruled
out.
”和第三段“'There
is
no
God.
No
one
directs
the
universe,
'he
writes
in
the
book.
”可知霍金在Brief
Answers
to
the
Big
Questions中解释了外星人、人工智能、时间旅行以及宇宙主宰等问题,
并没有涉及太阳系是否存在。故B项正确。
29.
Hawking
mentioned
his
disability
in
his
book
to .
?
A.
show
his
confidence
B.
complain
of
God
C.
tell
readers
about
his
hardship
D.
support
his
disbelief
in
God
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段可知霍金认为世界上的所有事情都可以用自然法则来解释,
像他这样的残疾也是有科学原因的,
而不是受到上帝的诅咒。所以他提到自己的残疾是为了支持自己的不信仰上帝。故D项正确。
30.
What
was
Hawking
most
concerned
about?
A.
Artificial
intelligence
will
outsmart
humans.
B.
Alien
life
will
come
to
the
earth
some
day.
C.
Technology
will
destroy
the
world.
D.
Human
beings
are
not
united.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第六段“His
greatest
concern,
”his
daughter
said,
“is
how
divided
we've
become,
”.
.
.
可知霍金最大的担忧是人类的分裂,
也就是人类的不团结,
故D项正确。
31.
What
did
Hawking
suggest
human
beings
do?
A.
Contact
alien
life.
B.
Explore
the
universe.
C.
Develop
the
earth.
D.
Respect
artificial
intelligence.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Remember
to
look
up
at
the
stars
and
not
down
at
your
feet.
”可知霍金建议人们要仰望星空而不是低头看地。他建议人们要更多地探索宇宙,
故B项正确。
D
(2020·成都高一检测)
“What
kind
of
rubbish
are
you?
”
This
question
might
normally
cause
anger,
but
in
Shanghai
it
has
become
a
special
“greeting”
among
people
over
the
past
week.
On
July
1st,
the
city
introduced
strict
trash-sorting
regulations(条例)that
are
required
to
follow
and
expected
to
be
used
as
a
model
for
our
country.
Residents
must
divide
their
waste
into
four
separate
categories
and
toss
(投放)it
into
specific
public
dustbins.
They
must
do
so
at
specified
times,
when
monitors
are
present
to
ensure
correct
trash-tossing
and
to
ask
the
nature
of
one's
rubbish.
Individuals
who
fail
to
follow
the
regulations
face
the
possibility
of
fines
and
worse.
They
could
be
punished
with
fines
of
up
to
200
yuan
(
$
29).
For
those
who
repeat
to
go
against
them,
the
government
can
add
black
marks
to
their
credit
records,
making
it
harder
for
them
to
get
bank
loans
or
even
buy
train
tickets.
Shanghai
government
is
responding
to
an
obvious
environmental
problem.
It
generates
9
million
tons
of
garbage
a
year,
more
than
London's
annual
output,
which
is
rising
quickly.
But
like
other
cities
in
China,
it
lacks
a
recycling
system.
Instead,
it
has
relied
on
trash
pickers
to
sift(筛选)through
the
waste,
picking
out
whatever
can
be
reused.
This
has
limits.
As
people
get
wealthier,
fewer
of
them
want
to
do
such
dirty
work.
The
waste,
meanwhile,
just
keeps
piling
up.
Many
residents
appear
to
support
the
idea
of
recycling
in
general
but
are
annoyed
by
the
details.
Rubbish
must
be
divided
according
to
whether
it
is
food,
recyclable,
dry
or
harmful,
the
distinctions
among
which
can
be
confusing,
though
there
are
apps
to
help
work
it
out.
Some
have
complained
about
the
rules
concerning
food
waste.
They
must
put
it
straight
in
the
required
public
bins,
forcing
them
to
tear
open
plastic
bags
and
toss
it
by
hand.
What
they
complain
most
is
the
short
periods
for
dropping
trash,
typically
a
couple
of
hours,
morning
and
evening.
Along
with
the
monitors
at
the
bins,
this
means
that
people
go
at
around
the
same
time
and
can
keep
an
eye
on
what
is
being
thrown
out;
no
one
wants
to
look
bad.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文,
文章主要说明了7月1日上海市出台的垃圾分类规定及引起的社会讨论,
上海有望成为我国垃圾分类项目的一个典范。
32.
What
do
we
know
about
the
trash-sorting
regulations
in
Shanghai?
A.
They
are
the
first
of
their
kind.
B.
They
are
tied
to
one's
bank
account.
C.
They
have
the
highest
fines.
D.
They're
aided
by
monitors.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段“They
must
do
so
at
specified
times,
when
monitors
are
present
to
ensure
correct
trash-tossing
and
to
ask
the
nature
of
one's
rubbish.
(他们必须在规定的时间这样做,
当监督员在场时,
以确保正确的垃圾投放和询问垃圾的性质。)”和最后一段“Along
with
the
monitors
at
the
bins”,
可知人们扔垃圾时有人监督。
33.
Why
has
Shanghai
introduced
the
trash-sorting
regulations?
A.
There
are
fewer
and
fewer
trash
pickers.
B.
It
aims
to
build
a
new
recycling
system.
C.
It
faces
more
and
more
serious
garbage
problems.
D.
People
throw
the
rubbish
here
and
there.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段可知,
上海市政府正在应对一个明显的环境问题。它每年产生900万吨垃圾,
比伦敦的年产量还多,
并且缺乏回收系统。所以上海出台垃圾分类规定是因为它面临着越来越严重的垃圾问题。
34.
What
makes
the
residents
upset
most
about
the
regulations?
A.
Limited
time
for
tossing
the
trash.
B.
Confusing
distinction
among
the
categories
of
trash.
C.
Being
fined
due
to
improper
behavior.
D.
Being
watched
by
monitors
when
throwing
the
garbage.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段“What
they
complain
most
is
the
short
periods
for
dropping
trash,
typically
a
couple
of
hours,
morning
and
evening.
”
他们抱怨最多的是垃圾投放的时间很短,
通常是早晚两个小时。可知扔垃圾的时间规定让居民们最不满。
35.
What
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
A
Good
Way
of
Trash-sorting
B.
A
New
Era
of
Garbage
Classification
C.
A
Great
Time
in
Dealing
with
Litter
D.
An
Effective
Solution
to
Rubbish
Problem
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知,
7月1日,
上海市出台了严格的垃圾分类规定,
上海有望成为我国垃圾分类项目的一个典范。居民必须将他们的垃圾分成四类,
并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他们必须在规定的时间这样做,
当监督员在场时,
以确保正确的垃圾投放和询问垃圾的性质。文章内容主要围绕着“上海垃圾分类规定标志着一个垃圾分类的新时代的开始”而展开,
B项“A
New
Era
of
Garbage
Classification”(垃圾分类的新时代)符合主旨。
第二节(共5小题;
每小题2分,
满分10分)
根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,
选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2020·泰安高一检测)
Are
you
stressed
out,
scared
or
worried
all
the
time?
Do
you
avoid
going
to
certain
places,
seeing
friends
or
doing
certain
things
because
of
your
worries?
Do
your
worries
keep
you
awake
at
night?
36 ?
Anxiety
is
a
normal
and
necessary
part
of
life.
Anxiety
is
your
brain's
way
of
telling
you
about
danger.
It
is
anxiety
that
helps
you
jump
out
of
the
way
if
a
car
is
speeding
towards
you.
But
if
it
gets
out
of
hand,
anxiety
can
get
in
the
way
of
you
getting
on
with
life
and
can
become
a
real
problem.
37 ?
Anxiety
is
a
normal
part
of
life.
38
There
are
lots
of
reasons
for
this.
One
main
reason
is
after
stressful
thing
which
has
happened
in
your
life.
So
if
you
are
involved
in
a
car
crash,
it's
quite
likely
that
you
will
be
more
worried
than
other
people
around
cars
and
driving.
?
39
If
your
parents
suffer
from
anxiety,
then
you
are
more
likely
to
be
anxious
too.
This
is
probably
partly
due
to
genetics,
and
partly
because
of
how
things
are
when
you're
growing
up.
?
Even
though
people
don't
talk
about
it
much,
anxiety
is
one
of
the
most
common
mental
health
problems.
About
1
in
4
people
will
have
an
anxiety
problem
at
some
time
in
their
life.
If
you
have
an
anxiety
problem,
it's
hard
for
other
people
to
understand
why
something
that
doesn't
worry
them,
like
being
in
a
crowd
of
people,
can
be
so
scary
for
you.
This
can
make
you
feel
separated
and
lonely,
as
way
become
worse
and
worse.
40
These
include
talking
therapies(疗法)
and
drugs.
?
A.
Being
anxious
also
probably
runs
in
families.
B.
If
you've
answered
yes,
you
may
be
suffering
from
anxiety.
C.
Those
suffering
from
anxiety
need
others’understanding
badly.
D.
Almost
everybody
has
a
certain
degree
of
anxiety
in
certain
situations.
E.
The
good
news
is
there
are
lots
of
excellent
treatments
available
for
anxiety.
F.
If
this
is
the
case
for
you,
treatment
may
be
a
helpful
way
for
you
to
get
your
anxiety
under
control.
G.
Some
people
may
feel
uneasy
if
moving
to
a
new
place
and
some
may
get
overly
anxious
in
certain
situation.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了焦虑是几乎每个人都会经历的,
分析了导致焦虑的原因,
以及说明了处理焦虑问题的方法。
36.
【解析】选B。根据题意,
此处通过三个不同的问句,
引出本文谈论的中心话题“焦虑”,
本空起到了承上启下的作用,
突出了本文的核心词汇“焦虑”。而下段的第一句Anxiety
is
a
normal
and
necessary
part
of
life.
(焦虑是生活中正常和必要的一部分。)也提到了焦虑,
故B选项“If
you've
answered
yes,
you
may
be
suffering
from
anxiety.
(如果你的回答是肯定的,
那么你可能正遭受焦虑。)”既能承接回答上文的问题,
又能暗示下文内容。
37.
【解析】选F。根据上文But
if
it
gets
out
of
hand,
anxiety
can
get
in
the
way
of
you
getting
on
with
life
and
can
become
a
real
problem.
(但如果它失去控制,
焦虑会阻碍你的生活,
成为一个真正的问题。)可知上文说明了焦虑是生活中常见的现象,
然后举了生活中的一些例子说明焦虑会给人们的生活带来一些麻烦,
可推知下文说明控制焦虑的方法:
如果你也有焦虑失去控制的情况,
治疗可能对你来说是一种有效的方法来使你的焦虑得到控制。故选F。
38.
【解析】选G。根据上文Anxiety
is
a
normal
part
of
life.
(焦虑是生活中正常的一部分。)可推知下文说明日常生活中哪些情况会导致焦虑的发生,
故G选项“Some
people
may
feel
uneasy
if
moving
to
a
new
place
and
some
may
get
overly
anxious
in
certain
situation.
(如果搬到一个新的地方,
有些人可能会感到不安,
有些人可能会在某些情况下变得过度焦虑。)”能起到承上启下的作用,
符合语境。
39.
【解析】选A。结合本段内容If
your
parents
suffer
from
anxiety,
then
you
are
more
likely
to
be
anxious
too.
This
is
probably
partly
due
to
genetics,
and
partly
because
of
how
things
are
when
you're
growing
up.
(如果你的父母患有焦虑症,
那么你也更有可能焦虑。这种情况可能部分是由于基因,
部分是由于你成长的环境。)可知是在说明焦虑在家庭中发生的情况。A选项提到“family”符合语境。
40.
【解析】选E。根据下文These
include
talking
therapies
and
drugs.
(这些包括谈话疗法和药物。)可知是在说明治疗焦虑的方法,
包括谈话疗法和药物治疗。故E选项“好消息是有很多治疗焦虑的好方法。”符合语境。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节,
满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;
每小题1.
5分,
满分30分)
阅读下面短文,
从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,
选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Dong
Mingzhu,
president
of
Gree
Electric
Appliances
Inc,
has
successfully
changed
the
company
into
the
world's
largest
maker
of
air
conditioners
under
her
leadership.
Dong
41
Gree
Electric
Appliances
Inc
in
1990,
as
a
salesperson
and
15
years
later
she
rose
to
the
42
of
general
manager.
In
2012,
Dong
became
president
of
Gree,
and
43
her
leadership,
the
company
has
44
the
top
sales
volumes
of
household
air
conditioners
in
the
world.
?
45
her
great
achievements,
Dong
never
46
moving
the
company
forward
and
always
47
much
attention
to
technological
innovation(创新).
?
The
company
is
also
trying
its
best
to
48
with
air
pollution
by
operating
centres
where
used
appliances
can
be
49
and
by
using
latest
technology
to
make
its
50 .
Four
such
“e-cycling”
centres
51
in
2012.
?
“We
produce
air
conditioners
of
high
52 ,
but
we
should
also
do
our
part
to
recycle
used
appliances.
”
said
Dong.
?
The
company
has
opened
up
the
era(时代)
of
zero-energy-consumption
central
air
conditioners,
which
has
53
the
world.
?
Dong
has
been
regarded
as
the
most
54
woman
in
business
in
China.
?
She
puts
her
heart
into
Gree
and
at
the
same
time
Dong
has
also
been
55
a
role
in
public
charity
causes.
She
gave
56
all
her
money
from
her
last
two
books
to
the
57
of
a
primary
school
in
a
poor
area.
?
Under
her
influence,
Gree
has
shown
a
strong
58
of
social
responsibility
and
contributed
money
to
people
59
in
China.
?
60
most
people
admire(羡慕)
Dong
for
reaching
the
peak
of
her
career,
she
thinks
she
is
always
on
the
way.
“When
you
stand
on
the
top
of
the
peak
there
is
still
the
sky
and
stars
above,
”
she
said.
?
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了格力电器公司的总裁董明珠。她从底层做起,
最终创造了一个实业帝国。
41.
A.
joined
B.
attended
C.
became D.
left
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。此处指董明珠在1990年成为格力电器公司的一名员工。join表示“加入组织成为其中的一员”。
42.
A.
expression
B.
condition
C.
situation
D.
position
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。此处指上升到总经理的职位(position)。
43.
A.
with
B.
on
C.
under
D.
for
【解析】选C。词汇复现题。根据第一段的under
her
leadership可知。
44.
A.
acted
B.
achieved
C.
collected
D.
added
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。此处指取得(achieve)在世界上家用空调的销售额的最高纪录。
45.
A.
Despite
B.
Like
C.
Since
D.
After
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。尽管取得了成就,
但董明珠没有阻止公司前进。despite=in
spite
of表示“尽管”。
46.
A.
stops
B.
continues
C.
enjoys
D.
finishes
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。董明珠没有阻止(stop)公司前进。
47.
A.
draws
B.
attracts
C.
catches
D.
pays
【解析】选D。固定搭配题。pay
attention
to注意。
48.
A.
work
B.
agree
C.
deal
D.
play
【解析】选C。固定搭配题。deal
with处理。
49.
A.
thrown
B.
sold
C.
designed
D.
recycled
【解析】选D。词汇复现题。根据下一段的recycle
used
appliances可知。
50.
A.
money
B.
advertisements
C.
products
D.
production
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。利用先进的技术生产产品(product)。
51.
A.
connected
B.
opened
C.
picked
D.
rose
【解析】选B。在2012年开办了四个这样的家电回收中心。open表示“创办,
开办”。
52.
A.
quality
B.
quantity
C.
challenge
D.
order
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。我们生产高质量的空调。quality质量。
53.
A.
disappointed
B.
embarrassed
C.
bored
D.
surprised
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。公司首创了绿色节能空调,
这震惊(surprise)了世界。
54.
A.
powerful
B.
ordinary
C.
hopeful
D.
interesting
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。董明珠如此成功,
所以被认为是中国商界最有影响力的(powerful)女性。
55.
A.
playing
B.
doing
C.
creating
D.
imagining
【解析】选A。固定搭配题。play
a
role扮演角色,
起作用。
56.
A.
in
B.
up
C.
off
D.
away
【解析】选D。固定搭配题。此处指她捐出(give
away)了她写作的两本书挣的钱。
57.
A.
size
B.
collection
C.
construction
D.
goal
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。此处指把钱捐出用于贫困地区小学的建设(construction)。
58.
A.
sign
B.
sense
C.
scene
D.
sight
【解析】选B。固定搭配题。a
sense
of
social
responsibility一种社会责任感。
【知识链接】a
sense
of+n.
a
sense
of
failure失败感;
a
sense
of
humor幽默感;
a
sense
of
achievement成就感;
a
sense
of
liberty自由感
59.
A.
in
need
B.
in
use
C.
in
control
D.
in
surprise
【解析】选A。背景常识题。把钱捐给有需要的(in
need)人们。
60.
A.
While
B.
As
C.
Because
D.
Before
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。虽然许多人羡慕董明珠在事业上的成功,
但董明珠认为她还有很长的路要走。while在此处表示“虽然”;
as表示“虽然”时,
从句用倒装。
第二节(共10小题;
每小题1.
5分,
满分15分)
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yuan
Longping,
a
Chinese
scientist,
has
saved
people
without
any
magic.
His
success
on
hybrid
rice
has
fed
millions
of
61.
(hunger)
people.
?
Yuan
was
born
on
September
7,
1930.
After
graduating
62.
the
Southwest
Agriculture
Institute,
he
worked
as
a
teacher
at
an
agriculture
school
in
Hunan.
?
About
50
years
ago,
some
natural
disasters
63.
(strike)
China.
Yuan
saw
many
people
lose
their
lives
because
of
hunger
every
day.
Since
then,
he
has
done
research
on
how
64.
(grow)
good
quality
rice.
In
1964,
he
found
a
natural
hybrid
rice
plant
by
accident.
It
had
great
advantages
over
others.
Yuan
was
65.
(excite)
about
66.
he
discovered.
He
then
decided
to
study
this
particular
plant.
?
In
1973,
he
started
to
grow
a
type
of
hybrid
rice.
It
produced
20%
67.
(much)
rice
each
unit
than
common
ones.
The
next
year
he
had
a
great
success.
This
progress
made
China
the
world's
leader
in
rice
production.
Yuan
Longping
and
Dr.
Monty
Jones
of
Sierra
Leone
were
named
co-winners
of
the
2004
World
Food
Prize
for
their
68.
(contribute)
to
world
food
security
and
rice
production.
?
Yuan
is
worth
praising
for
69.
(develop)
the
world's
first
successful
and
widely
grown
hybrid
rice
varieties,
revolutionizing
rice
cultivation
in
China
and
tripling
production
over
70.
generation.
?
61.
【解析】hungry。考查形容词。形容词作定语修饰people。
62.
【解析】from。考查介词。“graduate
from+学校”表示“从学校毕业”。
63.
【解析】struck。考查时态。根据时间状语About
50
years
ago可知,
此处用一般过去时。
64.
【解析】to
grow。考查非谓语动词。特殊疑问词+动词不定式。
65.
【解析】excited。考查形容词。excited是形容词,
表示“激动的”,
形容人的内心感受。
66.
【解析】what。考查宾语从句。what
he
discovered作about的宾语。what表示“……的(东西)”,
是连接代词,
在从句中作discovered的宾语。
67.
【解析】more。考查比较级。根据空后面的than可知此处用比较级。
68.
【解析】contributions。考查名词复数。根据空前面的their可知此处需用名词。
69.
【解析】developing。考查非谓语动词。介词for后面接动词的-ing形式。
70.
【解析】a。考查冠词。a
generation表示“一代人”,
不定冠词a表示数量“一”。
第四部分 写作(共两节,
满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;
每小题1分,
满分10分)
假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,
请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,
每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:
在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),
并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:
把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:
在错的词下面划一横线,
并在该词下面写出改正后的词。
注意:
1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.
只允许修改10处,
多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Growing
up
is
not
a
very
enjoyable
time.
As
for
me,
from
my
childhood,
my
parents
made
me
learn
to
play
violin
so
I
had
no
time
to
play
with
other
friend.
I
hated
music,
just
because
it
was
that
they
wanted
me
to
do.
Sometimes
I
felt
in
puzzled
and
trapped.
I
even
didn't
understand
why
I
was
a
child.
Now
look
back,
I
am
so
glad
that
my
parents
encouraged
me
take
music
lessons.
I
come
to
realize
my
parents
are
always
pushing
me
along.
Everybody
are
to
experience
growing
pains,
which
are
just
smaller
pains
in
life.
A
little
hard
work
and
sweat
never
hurt
us.
If
we
realized
these
pains
are
just
small
blocks
on
our
road
to
success,
we
will
realize
our
growing
pains
are
actual
growing
gains.
答案:
1.
【解析】第二句中play后面加the。乐器前用定冠词。
2.
【解析】第二句中friend→friends。根据句意可知,
此处表示“和其他朋友们一起玩”,
故应该用复数形式。
3.
【解析】第三句中
that→what。根据句意可知,
“那就是他们想让我做的事情”为名词性从句作表语,
从句缺少宾语,
又指物,
故用what。
4.
【解析】第四句去掉in。feel为系动词,
后面可以直接跟形容词作表语。
5.
【解析】第六句中把look→looking。现在分词作状语,
与主语“I”形成主动关系,
故用looking。
6.
【解析】第六句中me后面加to。encourage
sb.
to
do
sth.
鼓励某人做某事,
为固定搭配。
7.
【解析】第八句中
are→is。考查主谓一致。主语为everybody,
谓语用第三人称单数形式。
8.
【解析】第八句中
smaller→small。根据句意,
“这些只是生活中的小痛苦”,
没有比较的含义,
故用small。
9.
【解析】第十句中
realized→realize。If引导的句子遵循“主将从现”原则。主句用一般现在时,
从句用将来时。
10.
【解析】第十句中actual→actually。“实际上”修饰整个句子,
应该用副词形式。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假设你是红星中学高二(1)班李华,
你校《英语报刊》人物专栏征稿。请你用英语介绍一位你喜欢的人物。内容包括以下三部分:
1.
对该人物的简单介绍;
2.
喜欢该人物的理由;
3.
从该人物身上得到的启示。
注意:
词数100个左右。
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Thomas
Edison,
born
in
America,
was
a
great
scientist
and
inventor.
He
was
once
considered
as
a
boy
who
was
not
worth
teaching.
In
fact,
he
was
full
of
curiosity
and
imagination.
I
admire
him
because
of
his
contributions
to
the
world.
In
his
life,
he
was
always
trying
out
new
ideas
and
had
more
than
1,
000
inventions,
many
of
which
still
have
great
influence
on
our
life
today.
He
was
also
very
diligent.
And
all
these
explained
why
he
had
so
many
great
inventions
and
what
he
did
inspires
me
to
be
creative
in
my
work.
【补偿训练】
单句语法填空
1.
Will
paper
books
(replace)
by
e-books?
?
2.
Guilin
is
known
her
beautiful
mountains
and
rivers.
?
3.
I
decide
to
bring
my
children
to
be
trusting,
honest
and
helpful.
?
4.
They're
increasing
(produce)
of
this
type
of
car.
?
5.
A
demand
for
change
came
from
(lead)
politicians.
?
6.
This
truck
carried
corn
and
other
(agriculture)
products
to
the
town.
?
7.
She
was
actively
looking
for
a
position
in
government
on
her
(graduate).
?
8.
The
old
man
narrowly
escaped
(get)
hit
by
a
car.
?
9.
Twenty
men
were
killed
in
the
(explode).
?
10.
We
can
keep
fit
by
(exercise)
regularly.
?
答案:
1.
be
replaced 2.
for 3.
up 4.
production
5.
leading 6.
agricultural 7.
graduation 8.
getting
9.
explosion 10.
exercising
PAGEModule
4
Great
Scientists
Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
The
oil
producer(produce)
promised
that
the
oil
production(produce)
would
increase
by
20%
compared
with
that
of
last
year.
2.
Large
quantities
of
food
have
been
sent
(send)
to
the
countries
struck
by
the
earthquake
so
far.
?
【知识拓展】现在完成时的时间状语标志
(1)现在完成时可与表示过去不确定时间的时间状语连用,
如already,
yet,
just,
before等副词时间状语。
(2)现在完成时可以与包括“现在”在内的表示一段时间的时间状语连用,
如since.
.
.
,
for.
.
.
,
ever,
never,
recently/lately(最近),
today,
this
week
(year),
these
days
(weeks,
years),
in/during
the
last/past
two
years,
so
far/up
to
now/till
now等。
3.
More
and
more
people
realize
that
the
most
important
thing
is
to
reduce(reduce)
pollution.
?
4.
We
can’t
figure
out
why
quite
a
number
of
insects,
birds
and
animals
are
dying
out.
5.
As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
I
firmly
think
that
people
should
be
educated(educate).
?
【补偿训练】
Most
people
hold
the
idea
that
education/
being
educated
(educate)is
helpful
to
their
personal
development.
?
6.
The
first
thing
he
does
is
to
finish(finish)
his
homework
after
school.
?
7.
We
are
planning
to
replace
the
old
machines
with
some
new
ones.
【方法技巧】过去完成时的被动语态
(1)过去完成时的被动语态的结构:
主语+
had
(not)
been
done
+其他成分
(2)过去完成时的被动语态常用于以下情况:
①表示过去某一时间或某一动作以前已经完成的动作,
常与by,
before等引导的时间状语连用。
By
the
time
he
got
to
school,
the
first
period
had
been
finished.
②在
told,
said,
knew,
heard,
thought等动词之后的宾语从句中,
若表示过去某一被动动作时,
用过去完成时。
8.
The
key
to
keeping(keep)
this
country
a
comfortable
and
clean
place
to
live
in
is
to
control(control)
industrial
pollution.
?
9.
The
company
is
the
leading(lead)
software
provider
in
the
domestic
PC
markets.
Ⅱ.
选词填空
in
quantity,
make
a
breakthrough,
figure
out,
bring
in,
in
support
of,
bring
up,
take
the
place
of,
lead
to,
be
interested
in;
as
a
result
of
1.
Young
children
should
be
brought
up
to
be
loyal
and
equal.
?
2.
Jenney
nearly
missed
the
flight
as
a
result
of
doing
too
much
shopping.
?
3.
I
have
several
part-time
jobs,
which
bring
in
about
20,
000
yuan
a
year.
?
4.
I
can’t
figure
out
why
he
quit
his
job.
?
5.
It’s
said
that
a
cigarette
end
leads
to
the
forest
fire.
?
6.
Goods
produced
in
quantity
are
always
cheap.
?
7.
China
made
a
great
breakthrough
in
the
Han
Dynasty
in
printing.
?
8.
It’s
a
pity
that
only
a
few
people
spoke
in
support
of
the
proposal.
?
9.
I
will
go
to
this
meeting
to
take
the
place
of
you,
if
you
are
not
free.
?
10.
Unfortunately,
fewer
and
fewer
people
are
interested
in
reading.
?
Ⅲ.
根据提示或要求完成句子
1.
Football
and
basketball
are
sports
which/that
are
liked
by
most
boys.
?
足球和篮球是大多数男生喜欢的运动。(定语从句)
2.
The
person
introduced
to
me
at
the
party
was
a
professor.
?
在晚会上介绍给我的那个人是一位教授。(过去分词短语作定语)
3.
The
key
to
solving
the
problem
is
to
get
them
to
realize
the
importance
of
protecting
the
environment.
?
解决这一问题的关键是让他们意识到保护环境的重要性。(不定式作表语)
4.
He
learned
English
by
listening
to
the
radio.
?
他通过听收音机学习英语。(by+v.
-ing)
5.
He
said
he
had
lost
his
bicycle
which/
that
he
bought
yesterday.
?
他说他丢了昨天买的自行车。(定语从句)
单句改错
1.
They
decided
to
support
for
the
ban
on
hunting
animals.
(去掉for)
2.
Having
a
good
eating
habit
with
some
exercise
is
the
key
of
health.
(of
→to)
3.
I
am
interested
to
what
you
have
told
me.
(to→in)
4.
I’m
afraid
that
the
football
match
may
be
put
off
as
the
result
of
the
heavy
rain.
(第二个the
→a)
5.
Though
he
was
born
and
brought
about
in
Australia,
he
can
speak
fluent
Chinese.
(about
→up)
6.
The
soil
that
had
been
converted
of
growing
flowers
was
on
its
way
out.
(of
→to)
7.
We
need
to
bring
up
a
lot
more
new
business
to
develop
our
economy.
(up
→in)
8.
Let’s
go
and
figure
on
how
much
we
have
to
pay
for
the
project.
(on
→out)
9.
This
old
fridge
wastes
too
much
energy
so
it
will
be
replaced
for
a
new
one.
(for
→with)
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
Scientists
are
studying
different
foods,
and
they
will
see
which
foods
protect
us
from
cancer
(癌症),
and
which
cause
it.
It
is
known
that
a
healthy
diet
(饮食)
will
help
keep
a
healthy
body
weight,
which
can
also
decrease
the
risk
(风险)
of
many
types
of
cancer.
Fruit
and
vegetables
Fruit
and
vegetables
are
an
important
part
of
a
healthy
diet.
They
can
decrease
the
risk
of
some
cancer
types
like
mouth
and
throat
cancer.
They
are
a
good
source
of
many
important
nutrients
such
as
vitamin
A,
vitamin
C,
vitamin
E,
and
are
an
excellent
source
of
fiber.
Our
advice
Try
to
get
plenty
of
fruit
and
vegetables
in
your
diet.
Eating
fruit
and
vegetables
with
a
variety
of
colors
will
help
you
get
many
kinds
of
vitamins
and
minerals,
as
the
chemicals
that
give
these
foods
their
colors
are
good
for
you.
Meat
Eating
lots
of
red
and
processed
meat
can
increase
(增加)
your
risk
of
stomach
cancer.
Red
meat
includes
all
fresh
and
frozen
beef,
pork
and
lamb.
Processed
meat
includes
ham,
bacon
and
sausage.
White
meat,
such
as
chicken,
is
unlikely
to
increase
your
risk
of
cancer.
Our
advice
Eat
smaller
and
fewer
parts
of
red
and
processed
meat.
Try
using
beans
or
peas
instead
of
meat
in
your
diet.
When
you
cook
meat,
use
low-temperature
methods.
Fat
Fat
is
a
necessary
part
of
our
diet
but
high-fat
diet
can
increase
our
risk
of
cancer,
heart
disease
and
other
diseases.
Meat
is
higher
in
saturated
fat
(饱和脂肪)
and
eating
too
much
saturated
fat
may
increase
your
risk
of
breast
cancer.
Our
advice
Try
not
to
eat
too
much
fatty
foods.
In
particular,
try
to
cut
down
on
saturated
fat
contained
in
fatty
meat,
biscuits,
and
butter.
Try
to
avoid
frying
foods
in
lots
of
oil.
【文章大意】本文是一篇饮食健康类短文。健康的饮食可以保护我们远离癌症,
反之可能让我们容易患癌症。文章主要从水果和蔬菜、肉、脂肪三个方面告诉我们饮食中的注意点和建议。
1.
According
to
the
passage,
fruit
and
vegetables
.
?
A.
are
an
excellent
source
of
fiber
B.
will
help
you
get
all
kinds
of
vitamins
and
minerals
C.
are
an
only
necessary
part
of
a
healthy
diet
D.
can
increase
the
risk
of
some
cancer
types
like
mouth
and
throat
cancer
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段They
are
a
good
source
of
many
important
nutrients
such
as
vitamin
A,
vitamin
C,
vitamin
E,
and
are
an
excellent
source
of
fiber.
可知,
水果和蔬菜是纤维的极佳来源。
2.
What
can
we
know
about
meat
from
the
passage?
A.
Eating
processed
meat
is
better
than
eating
beans.
B.
Processed
meat
is
a
part
of
a
healthy
diet.
C.
Meat
should
be
cooked
at
a
high
temperature.
D.
Eating
chicken
is
better
than
eating
sausage.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章第四段可知,
吃加工肉类会增加患胃癌的风险,
而白肉,
比如鸡肉,
不太可能增加你患癌症的风险,
所以推断出吃鸡肉要比吃香肠更好。
3.
What
can
be
inferred
from
the
last
two
paragraphs?
A.
Saturated
fat
leads
to
breast
cancer.
B.
Foods
with
fat
will
cause
heart
disease.
C.
A
healthy
diet
should
contain
fat.
D.
Butter
belongs
to
low-fat
foods.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章最后两段内容Fat
is
a
necessary
part
of
our
diet
but
high-fat
diet
can
increase
our
risk
of
cancer,
heart
disease
and
other
diseases.
可知,
脂肪是我们饮食中必不可少的一部分,
所以推测出健康的饮食应该包含脂肪。
【方法技巧】推理判断题的做法
推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题,
做这类题目时,
同学们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气,
找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感彩的词句,
然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断,
从而得出符合逻辑的结论。如小题2中就是根据文章第四段Eating
lots
of
red
and
processed
meat
can
increase
your
risk
of
stomach
cancer.
Red
meat
includes
all
fresh
and
frozen
beef,
pork
and
lamb.
Processed
meat
includes
ham,
bacon
and
sausage.
White
meat,
such
as
chicken,
is
unlikely
to
increase
your
risk
of
cancer.
可知,
吃加工肉类会增加胃癌的风险,
而白肉,
比如鸡肉,
不太可能增加你患癌症的风险,
所以推断出吃鸡肉要比吃香肠更好。
B
A
camera,
a
glove,
a
hand
tool,
even
a
toothbrush.
.
.
they
are
all
up
there,
above
the
clouds,
going
around
and
around
the
Earth.
There
are
also
thousands
of
pieces
of
metal
and
plastic.
Some
of
them
are
only
about
the
size
of
a
fingernail.
Many
are
much
larger.
Scientists
consider
all
these
objects
to
be
space
junk
and
they
are
a
problem.
?
Since
people
first
launched
rockets
into
space
in
the
1950s,
we
have
been
leaving
behind
all
sorts
of
things.
Much
of
the
space
junk
is
made
up
of
little
pieces
of
things
that
were
once
bigger
objects,
until
they
struck
each
other
and
broke
apart.
Sometimes
larger
pieces
survive
the
extreme
heat
through
the
atmosphere
and
hit
the
ground
or
the
ocean
at
great
speeds.
But
space
junk
falling
on
housetops
is
not
the
biggest
worry.
Scientists
are
concerned
about
the
Kessler
syndrome.
It
is
named
after
the
American
scientist
who
first
thought
of
the
idea
in
1978.
Imagine
what
happens
when
an
empty
rocket
strikes
another
while
orbiting
the
Earth.
Two
big
things
become
many
smaller
things.
They
then
hit
other
things.
The
pieces
get
smaller
and
smaller
until
they
form
a
cloud
of
junk
that
may
block
the
path
of
future
space
vehicles.
Marco
Castronuovo,
an
Italian
Space
Agency
researcher,
suggested
launching
a
satellite
into
space
that
would
get
very
close
to
some
of
the
larger
pieces
of
space
junk.
The
satellite
would
connect
a
small
rocket
to
the
useless
object.
When
the
rocket
explodes,
it
pushes
the
junk
into
a
lower
and
slower
orbit,
nearer
the
Earth.
After
a
time,
the
junk
burns
up
in
the
atmosphere.
Scientists
have
been
concerned
about
space
junk
for
many
years.
Right
now,
the
costs
of
the
cleanup
have
been
too
great.
Mr
Castronuovo
says
his
system
could
be
put
in
place
for
a
much
more
reasonable
amount
of
money.
【文章大意】本文介绍了太空垃圾及其危害,
还介绍了科学家正在研究清理太空垃圾的方法。
4.
What
does
the
underlined
part
“space
junk”
in
Paragraph
1
refer
to?
A.
It
refers
to
small
pieces
of
things
that
were
once
bigger
objects.
B.
It
refers
to
objects
that
survived
the
extreme
heat
through
the
atmosphere.
C.
It
refers
to
clouds
that
are
made
up
of
small
objects
in
space.
D.
It
refers
to
all
kinds
of
objects
that
have
been
left
behind
in
space.
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。从第一段和第二段中的“Since
people
first
launched
rockets
into
space
in
the
1950s,
we
have
been
leaving
behind
all
sorts
of
things.
”可知,
space
junk指人类在太空活动中遗留在太空的所有的物体,
即“太空垃圾”。
5.
Why
do
scientists
consider
the
Kessler
syndrome
a
big
problem?
A.
Space
junk
clouds
are
likely
to
block
the
path
of
spacecraft.
B.
An
empty
rocket
might
strike
a
spacecraft
orbiting
the
Earth.
C.
Space
junk
might
fall
onto
the
Earth,
causing
damage.
D.
Space
junk
becomes
bigger
and
bigger
before
it
is
hard
to
get
rid
of.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。第三段介绍了Kessler综合征,
最后一句指出了其潜在的危险,
即垃圾云有可能会阻碍未来太空飞行器的轨道。
6.
What
is
mainly
talked
about
in
the
passage?
A.
Smaller
objects
come
together
to
form
clouds
of
space
junk.
B.
Human
beings
are
responsible
for
space
junk.
C.
Space
junk
is
a
big
problem
human
beings
have
to
find
ways
to
solve.
D.
An
Italian
researcher
has
found
a
good
way
to
remove
space
junk.
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读全文可知,
本文介绍了太空垃圾及其危害,
还介绍了科学家正在研究清理太空垃圾的方法。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
(2020·惠州高一检测)
Doing
What
You
Love
What
do
you
want
to
be
when
you
grow
up?
1
When
asked
the
question,
did
you
have
an
answer
at
the
ready,
or
did
you
need
a
few
minutes
to
think
about
it?
We
all
have
dreams
of
becoming
something
great,
like
a
fireman,
a
teacher,
or
a
rock
star.
Well,
how
did
you
do?
Maybe
you
never
desire
to
be
what
you
set
out
to
be
or
said
that
you
would
become.
2
?
The
older
we
get,
our
tastes
change,
our
view
of
the
world
changes,
even
our
goals
change.
One
of
the
most
important
lessons
I’ve
learned
during
my
career
path
is
to
do
something
you
love
to
do.
I
feel
that
if
you
enjoy
what
you
make
a
living
at,
you
end
up
being
happy
in
more
ways
than
one.
3
?
While
no
job
or
business
is
perfect,
the
important
thing
is
to
enjoy
it,
even
learn
from
it.
If
you
are
unhappy
in
your
current
situation,
why
not
take
steps
now
to
change
it?
4
If
you
are
already
there,
I
applaud
you.
If
not
,
realize
that
it
may
take
some
time
to
figure
out
what
you
really
want
to
do,
and
even
more
time
to
actually
get
there.
That’s
all
right!
I
can
tell
you
from
experience
that
finding
and
doing
what
you
love
are
absolutely
worth
it.
All
of
the
research,
training,
and
hands-on
experience
have
made
me
a
stronger,
happier
person.
?
5
You’ll
be
happier
for
it.
Trust
me.
I
promise
you
will
never
look
back.
?
A.
But
then
again,
things
change.
B.
Do
what
you
love
and
love
what
you
do.
C.
Life
itself
becomes
much
more
interesting
and
fun.
D.
You
must
have
met
with
such
situation
as
a
little
child.
E.
Maybe
you
will
find
that
the
new
job
is
more
suitable
for
you.
F.
Somewhere
out
there
is
a
job
or
business
that
is
perfect
for
you.
G.
I’m
sure
you
were
asked
this
question
at
least
once
when
you
were
a
youngster.
1.
【解析】选G。此空与上下句构成顺承关系,
并且“.
.
.
you
were
asked
this
question.
.
.
”与下一句“When
asked
the
question”构成同词复现关系。
2.
【解析】
选A。上一句意思是“或许你从来没有渴望自己成为什么样的人或者你也没有说过你要成为什么样的人”,
下一句意思是“随着年龄增加,
我们的品味、世界观甚至目标都会发生变化”。选项A与上一句构成转折关系,
与下一句是举例关系,
“.
.
.
our
tastes
change,
our
view
of
the
world
changes,
even
our
goals
change”是“things
change”的具体表现。
3.
【解析】选C。
此空与上一句是递进关系。上一句意为“我觉得如果你喜欢你的谋生手段,
你就会不只在一个而在很多方面变得快乐”,
这样,
生活本身也变得更有趣、开心。
4.
【解析】选F。选项F
“Somewhere
out
there
is
a
job
or
business
that
is
perfect
for
you”与下面两句“If
you
are
already
there”和“If
not,
.
.
.
”构成列举关系,
其中“Somewhere
out
”与下一句的“there”构成指代关系。
5.
【解析】选B。此空呼应文章题目,
也是全文的总结句。
【阅读多维训练】
根据阅读理解A完成下列习题
1.
句式仿写
Eating
lots
of
red
and
processed
meat
can
increase
your
risk
of
stomach
cancer.
吃很多红肉和加工过的肉类可能增加患胃癌的风险。
Swimming
is
a
good
sport
in
summer.
?
夏天游泳是一项很好的运动。
2.
句式分析
Eating
fruit
and
vegetables
with
a
variety
of
colors
will
help
you
get
many
kinds
of
vitamins
and
minerals,
as
the
chemicals
that
give
these
foods
their
colors
are
good
for
you.
分析:
本句是主从复合句,
其中as引导原因状语从句,
该原因状语从句也是主从复合句,
含有that引导的定语从句,
修饰先行词the
chemicals;
主句中Eating
fruit
and
vegetables
with
a
variety
of
colors是动名词短语作主语。?
译文:
吃各种颜色的水果蔬菜会帮助你获得多种维生素和矿物质,
因为使食物显示颜色的化学物质对你有好处。
3.
文章结构分析
Theme
The
effect
of
the
diet
to
cancer
Part
1(Para.
1):
General
introduction
Some
foods
(1)protect
us
from
cancer,
but
some
cause
it.
A
(2)healthy
diet
will
help
(3)decrease
the
risk
of
many
types
of
(4)cancer.
Part
2
(Paras.
2～7):
The
effects
of
different
foods
to
cancer
and
what
we
should
do
(5)Fruit
and
vegetables
can
decrease
the
risk
of
some
cancer
types
like
mouth
and
throat
cancer.
Eating
lots
of
(6)red
and
processed
meat
can
increase
your
risk
of
stomach
cancer
but
(7)white
meat
is
unlikely
to
increase
your
risk
of
cancer.
High-fat
diet
can
(8)increase
our
risk
of
cancer.
So
we
should
get
(9)plenty
of
fruit
and
vegetables,
eat
less
(10)red
and
processed
meat
and
not
eat
too
much
fatty
foods.
PAGEModule
4
Great
Scientists
Integrating
Skills
Ⅰ.
用下面单词的适当形式填空
diagnose,
victim,
best-seller,
brief,
part,
graduate,
escape,
clear,
explode,
person
1.
The
doctor
diagnosed
my
illness
as
a
rare
skin
disease.
2.
The
book
is
one
of
his
best-sellers.
3.
Three
of
the
victims
were
shot
in
the
back.
4.
He
was
only
partly
responsible
for
the
accident.
5.
This
artist
graduated
from
the
Central
Conservatory
of
Music
of
China
in
1988.
6.
I
talked
briefly
about
some
of
the
tests
I
had
taken
with
my
mother.
7.
The
soldier
told
us
how
to
deal
with
an
explosion,
a
sinking
ship
and
a
jump
into
a
vast
ocean.
8.
To
our
delight,
it
cleared
up
so
we
could
set
out
on
the
journey
on
time.
9.
The
boys
who
are
addicted
to
computer
games
want
to
escape
from
reality.
10.
We
are
deeply
impressed
with
his
personal
ideas
about
education.
Ⅱ.
选词填空
stare
at,
lift
up,
say
hello
to,
by
accident,
up
and
down,
in
quantity,
bring
up,
bring
in,
be
converted
to,
as
a
result
of
1.
Lift
up
those
books
and
you
will
find
the
note
hidden
there.
?
2.
I
always
give
a
call
to
my
parents
every
day
to
say
hello
to
them.
?
3.
Don’t
stare
at
foreigners
in
public,
which
is
impolite.
?
4.
Not
believing
what
he
had
said,
the
guard
looked
at
him
up
and
down
carefully.
?
5.
I
think
that
she
broke
the
window
by
accident
instead
of
doing
it
by
design.
?
6.
He
was
brought
up
in
the
suburb,
so
he
is
not
used
to
the
life
in
the
city
now.
?
7.
Many
beautiful
fishes
are
fast
disappearing
as
a
result
of
the
heavy
pollution.
?
8.
They
often
buy
goods
in
quantity
to
save
money
and
time.
?
9.
Some
experts
were
brought
in
to
look
into
the
strange
natural
scene.
?
10.
In
many
places,
coal
has
been
converted
to
gas
to
serve
people
better.
?
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
Don’t
keep
me
waiting
for
too
long.
?
别让我等太久。
2.
When
to
start
the
meeting
has
not
yet
been
told
to
us.
?
什么时候开会还没有告诉我们。
3.
Painters
earn/make
their
living
by
painting
while
teachers
by
teaching.
?
画家靠画画谋生,
而教师以教学为生。
4.
The
party
took
some
strong
measures
to
prevent
pollution
after
coming
into
power.
?
这个政党执政之后采取了许多强硬的措施来制止污染。
5.
Professor
Wang,
who
was
known
for
his
informative
lectures,
was
warmly
received
by
his
students.
?
以课堂信息量大而著称的王教授受到了他的学生们的热烈欢迎。
6.
Stand
straight
and
stretch
the
left
hand
to
the
right
foot.
?
站直,
伸出左手去够右脚。
7.
Can
you
reach
the
basket
that
is
attached
to
the
tree?
?
你能够到系在树上的那个篮子吗?
8.
Big
companies
can
produce
the
goods
cheaply,
thus
making
it
difficult
for
small
factories
to
compete.
?
大公司可以很廉价地生产这些货物所以使得小工厂很难竞争。
9.
In
brief,
this
thing
is
beyond
my
power.
?
简而言之,
这件事超出了我的能力范围。
10.
The
girl
was
praised
partly
because
of
her
bravery.
?
女孩受到表扬,
在一定程度上是因为她的勇敢。
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
●Our
Needs
People
are
different,
but
they
all
have
the
same
needs.
Needs
are
things
people
must
have
to
live.
Our
bodies
need
food
and
water.
We
also
need
air
to
breathe.
We
need
a
place
to
live
to
keep
us
safe.
We
need
clothes
to
keep
us
warm.
If
we
did
not
have
these
things,
we
could
not
survive.
Needs
may
be
different
for
people
who
live
in
different
areas.
If
you
live
where
it
is
cold,
you
may
need
special
clothes
to
keep
you
warm.
If
you
live
where
it
is
hot,
you
may
need
more
water.
People
have
found
new
ways
to
meet
their
needs.
Farmers
grow
food
that
people
eat.
They
used
to
plant
seeds
by
hand.
They
used
to
pick
plants
by
hand.
Now
they
have
machines
that
do
this
work.
●Our
Wants
Wants
are
things
people
would
like
to
have
but
do
not
need
to
live.
Suppose
you
hope
to
get
a
football
for
your
birthday.
A
football
is
a
want.
You
can
live
without
it.
Sometimes
we
might
want
something
so
much
that
it
feels
like
a
need.
We
have
to
make
choices,
though.
If
you
need
a
new
coat
for
winter,
you
might
not
be
able
to
get
the
football
you
want.
We
must
choose
what
we
need
over
what
we
want.
Sometimes
we
must
make
choices
between
things
we
want.
Suppose
you
want
to
go
to
a
birthday
party
for
your
uncle.
That
day,
a
friend
asks
you
to
go
to
a
movie.
The
movie
is
at
the
same
time
as
the
party.
If
you
chose
to
go
to
the
party,
then
what
would
you
give
up?
What
would
you
give
up
if
you
went
to
the
movie?
【文章大意】本文论述了“需要”与“想要”的不同。
1.
Needs
are
things
that
people
.
?
A.
don’t
use
every
day
B.
cannot
live
without
C.
get
to
meet
their
interest
D.
have
to
improve
their
life
【解析】选B。从第一段中的“Needs
are
things
people
must
have
to
live.
”可知,
需要是人们为了生存必须拥有的东西。B项“没有它就不能生存”和这句话的意义相似。B项正确。
2.
Which
of
the
following
isn’t
what
we
need?
A.
Food.
B.
Clothes.
C.
Water.
D.
A
film.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章可知,
food,
clothes,
water
都是我们生存需要的东西,
而film属于“想要”的范围,
没有它人们也可以活下去。
3.
The
writer
tells
the
differences
between
needs
and
wants
by .
?
A.
giving
examples
B.
doing
research
C.
making
a
survey
D.
having
interviews
【解析】选A。从文章内容我们可以知道,
作者为了阐明需求和欲望的不同,
举了大量的例子,
比如air,
water,
clothes,
coat,
football,
movie等。A项正确。
B
(2020·定西高一检测)
How
does
it
happen
that
some
people
never
have
to
see
the
doctor
while
some
are
wasting
much
money
in
hospital?
The
answer
lies
in
their
proper,
healthy
diet.
A
balanced
diet
actually
means
eating
all
kinds
of
foods
to
provide
the
body
with
all
the
nutrients
(营养物)it
needs
for
its
daily
work.
It
means
eating
the
right
type
of
foods
and
eating
a
right
amount
of
food
for
each
meal.
Each
food
group
contains
different
kinds
of
nutrients,
and
our
body
surely
needs
all
of
these,
but
in
different
amounts,
and
it
differs
from
person
to
person.
When
it
comes
to
going
on
a
healthy
diet,
one
size
is
not
suitable
for
all.
Everyone
leads
a
different
lifestyle,
and
has
different
jobs
and
fitness
levels.
A
balanced
diet
matters
for
everyone.
If
the
body
gets
all
the
required
nutrients,
it’ll
improve
the
immune(免疫)
system,
which
prevents
all
kinds
of
diseases.
A
balanced
diet
would
also
be
good
for
the
state
of
mind
and
then
help
you
remember
something
better.
What’s
more,
if
the
body
is
supplied
with
all
the
necessary
nutrients,
the
skin
and
hair
also
become
healthier.
A
balanced
diet
also
prevents
our
body
from
aging.
As
a
result,
you’ll
have
a
more
youthful
look.
However,
for
a
healthy
body,
a
balanced
diet
is
not
enough;
it
has
to
be
combined
with
the
proper
amount
of
sleep
and
exercise.
These
three
things,
when
included
in
your
daily
routine,
will
make
sure
that
you
not
only
have
a
healthy
body
but
also
a
healthy
mind.
So,
go
ahead
and
adopt
a
healthier
lifestyle!
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,
主要介绍平衡饮食的定义和重要性。
4.
Why
is
the
question
raised
in
the
first
paragraph?
A.
To
show
problems.
B.
To
give
evidence.
C.
To
list
some
facts.
D.
To
lead
in
the
topic.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。第一段首先提出问题,
然后给出答案,
紧接着对答案进行阐述。文章其余部分都围绕该答案而展开,
由此可推断,
第一段提出问题是为了引出话题。
5.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“differs”
in
Paragraph
2
mean?
A.
Comes.
B.
Grows.
C.
Changes.
D.
Matters
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第二段可知,
不同的人对不同营养物的需求量也不同,
即这个需求量在不同的人之间是有变化的。
6.
What
is
Paragraph
3
mainly
about?
A.
The
choice
of
a
balanced
diet.
B.
The
features
of
a
balanced
diet.
C.
The
importance
of
a
balanced
diet.
D.
The
relationship
between
diet
and
aging.
【解析】选C。段落大意题。该段首句为主题句,
再结合接下来的介绍可判断该段旨在介绍平衡饮食的重要性。
7.
What
can
we
infer
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.
A
balanced
diet
doesn’t
work
alone.
B.
Mind
is
closely
linked
to
the
body.
C.
Exercise
is
the
most
important.
D.
It’s
easy
to
get
a
healthier
lifestyle.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据末段首句可推断出,
想要健康的身体仅仅靠均衡饮食还不够,
还需要与适量的睡眠和运动相结合。
Ⅱ.
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,
请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,
每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:
在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),
并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:
把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:
在错的词下划一横线,
并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.
只允许修改10处,
多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Recently
I
found
that
some
classmates
lead
a
unhealthy
life,
such
as
staying
up
lately
and
not
eating
breakfast.
Although
we
are
under
great
pressure,
but
it
is
necessary
for
us
live
a
healthy
life.
The
following
are
some
useful
tip.
First,
it’s
important
that
we
have
a
balanced
diet
and
enjoy
breakfast
every
day,
because
we
consume
many
energy
while
studying.
Second,
take
exercise
regularly
is
of
equal
importance,
where
can
help
us
to
keep
fit
and
release
stress.
More
importantly,
we
should
develop
a
positive
attitude,
which
allows
us
to
look
for
things
positively
no
matter
what
happen.
答案:
1.
【解析】第一句a→an。考查不定冠词。unhealthy的发音以元音音素开头,
所以冠词用an.
2.
【解析】第一句
lately→late。考查副词。lately意思为“近来”。而此处意思为“晚地”,
所以用副词late。
3.
【解析】第二句中去掉but。本句为复合句。Although引导让步状语从句,
后面的句子为主句,
不用连词。
4.
【解析】第二句中在live前加to。本句式为“It
is+adj.
+to
do
sth.
”。
5.
【解析】第三句中tip→tips。根据句意,
“以下是一些有用的技巧。”此处表示多个技巧,
故用复数。
6.
【解析】第四句中
many→much。
energy为不可数名词,
用much修饰。
7.
【解析】第五句中
take→taking。动名词作主语。
8.
【解析】第五句中where→which。非限制性定语从句,
关系代词用来指代前句的“taking
exercise”,
指物用which。
9.
【解析】第六句中for→at。考查动词短语。“看待”某物用
look
at。而look
for意为“寻找”。
10.
【解析】第六句中
happen→happens。名词性从句中,
主语为what,
谓语用第三人称单数形式。
PAGEModule
4
Great
Scientists
Grammar
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
The
teacher
will
get
angry
if
your
homework
is
not
finished(not
finish)
on
time.
?
2.
Everyone
dislikes
being
made(make)
fun
of
by
others.
?
3.
He
hoped
that
he
would
be
given
(give)
a
more
suitable
job.
?
4.
Shakespeare’s
play
Hamlet
has
been
made
(make)
into
at
least
ten
different
films
over
the
past
years.
?
5.
—So
what
is
the
procedure?
—All
the
applicants
are
interviewed
(interview)
before
a
final
decision
is
made
by
the
authority.
?
6.
We
are
confident
that
the
environment
will
be
improved(improve)
by
our
further
efforts
to
reduce
pollution.
?
7.
The
government
announced
that
six
highways
had
been
built
(build)
by
the
end
of
last
year.
?
8.
A
dinner
party
was
being
held
(hold)
in
celebration
of
the
great
achievements
she
had
made
when
I
called
her
yesterday.
?
9.
It
is
reported
that
many
a
new
house
is
being
built
(build)
at
present
in
the
disaster
area.
?
10.
A
lot
of
water
is
wasted
(waste)
every
year.
It’s
a
serious
problem.
?
Ⅱ.
单句改错
1.
The
building
built
by
our
school
last
year.
(building后加was)
2.
My
father
enjoys
his
spare
time
by
reading
newspapers
or
listen
to
music.
(listen→listening)
3.
As
we
all
know,
bananas
are
usually
sold
by
the
weight.
(去掉the)
4.
Having
shown
around
the
classroom,
we
were
taken
to
the
library.
(Having后加been)
5.
I
haven’t
moved
into
my
new
house,
for
it
is
painted.
(is后加being)
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
The
textbooks
and
dictionaries
can
be
used
as
reference
books
while
the
magazines
serve
as
reading
materials.
?
教科书和字典可以作为参考书,
而杂志可以作为阅读材料。
2.
That
kind
of
cloth
washes
well,
so
it
won
the
welcome
of
housewives.
?
这种布料很好洗,
因此它受到了家庭主妇们的欢迎。
3.
All
the
preparations
have
been
completed/
finished.
?
所有的准备都做完了。
4.
As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
I
think
that
the
column
concerning
entertainment
should
be
removed.
?
就我而言,
我认为有关娱乐的专栏应该被删除。
5.
The
prisoner
was
seen
to
steal
the
money.
?
有人看见这个犯人偷了钱。
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
(2020·牡丹江高一检测)
There
are
hundreds
of
types
of
birthday
cake
in
the
world.
You
are
likely
to
enjoy
one
during
at
least
one
of
your
birthday
parties.
But
have
you
ever
stopped
and
wondered,
“Why
am
I
eating
this?
What
makes
this
dessert
fit
to
celebrate
the
day
of
my
birth?
”
It’s
because
you
are
as
important
and
beloved
as
the
gods.
The
ancient
Egyptians
are
thought
to
have
“invented”
the
celebration
of
birthdays.
They
believed
when
pharaohs
(法老)
were
crowned,
they
became
gods,
so
their
coronation
(加冕)
day
was
their
“birth”
as
a
god.
Ancient
Greeks
borrowed
the
tradition,
but
realized
that
a
dessert
would
make
the
celebration
more
meaningful.
So
they
baked
moon-shaped
cakes
to
offer
up
to
the
goddess
of
the
moon.
They
decorated
them
with
lighted
candles
to
make
the
cakes
shine
like
the
moon.
It
is
the
reason
why
we
light
our
birthday
cakes
on
fire.
Modern
birthday
parties
are
said
to
get
their
roots
from
an
18th
century
German
celebration.
On
the
morning
of
a
child’s
birthday,
he
or
she
would
receive
a
cake
with
lighted
candles
that
added
up
to
the
kid’s
age,
plus
one.
This
extra
candle
was
called
the
“light
of
life,
”
representing
the
hope
of
another
full
year
lived.
And
then,
torture
—
because
no
one
could
eat
the
cake
until
after
dinner.
The
family
replaced
the
candles
as
they
burned
out
throughout
the
day.
Finally,
when
the
moment
came,
the
birthday
child
would
make
a
wish,
try
to
blow
out
all
the
candles
in
one
breath,
and
dig
in.
?
Since
the
ingredients
(原料)
to
make
cakes
were
pretty
expensive,
this
birthday
custom
didn’t
become
popular
until
the
Industrial
Revolution.
More
ingredients
were
available,
which
made
them
cheaper,
and
bakeries
even
started
selling
pre-baked
cakes.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了生日蛋糕的起源。
1.
What
is
the
passage
mainly
about?
A.
The
origin
of
birthday
cakes.
B.
The
significance
of
birthday
cakes.
C.
The
history
of
birthday
parties.
D.
The
introduction
of
cake
production.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。第一段中,
“我为什么要吃这个?
是什么让这个甜点适合庆祝我的生日呢?
”
短文以提问的形式点明主题以及根据下文的具体介绍可知,
本文讲述了生日蛋糕的起源。故选A。
2.
Who
established
the
tradition
of
celebrating
birthdays
with
cakes
according
to
the
passage?
A.
Germans.
B.
Pharaohs.
C.
Ancient
Greeks.
D.
Ancient
Egyptians.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段古希腊人借鉴了这一传统,
但意识到甜点会让庆祝活动更有意义。所以他们烤月亮形状的蛋糕来供奉给月亮女神。他们用点燃的蜡烛装饰蛋糕,
使蛋糕像月亮一样闪闪发光。这就是我们为什么把生日蛋糕点着的原因。所以是古希腊人建立了用蛋糕庆祝生日的传统。故选C。
3.
The
underlined
word
“torture”
in
Paragraph
6
is
closest
in
meaning
to
.
?
A.
pleasure
B.
replacement
C.
sharing
D.
suffering
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据第六段And
then,
torture
—
because
no
one
could
eat
the
cake
until
after
dinner.
大家只有在晚餐后才能吃蛋糕,
这是一种折磨。所以画线词的意思是suffering“折磨”。故选D。
4.
Why
was
the
birthday
cake
custom
unpopular
before
the
Industrial
Revolution?
A.
The
transport
was
inconvenient.
B.
The
ingredients
of
cakes
were
expensive.
C.
The
cake
could
not
be
eaten
before
dinner.
D.
The
bakeries
would
not
sell
pre-baked
cakes.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,
因为制作蛋糕的原料非常贵,
直到工业革命生日蛋糕风俗才受欢迎。所以在工业革命前生日蛋糕风俗不受欢迎的原因是原料很贵。故选B。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
Goran
Kropp
was
a
famous
Swedish
adventurer
and
climber.
In
1972,
at
the
age
of
six
with
his
father’s
help,
he
1
Galdhopiggen,
the
highest
mountain
in
Northern
Europe.
Twenty-three
years
later,
he
stood
on
the
highest
peak
in
the
world,
Mount
Everest.
His
journey
to
the
2
shows
just
how
independent
and
strong-willed
this
3
man
is.
?
4
most
people
arrive
at
the
foothills
of
Mount
Everest
by
some
means
of
modern
5 ,
Kropp
bicycled
7,
000
miles
from
his
home
in
Sweden.
Travelling
by
bike
was
not
6 .
He
stopped
many
times
to
7
his
bike
because
rough
roads
caused
it
to
break
down.
Besides,
he
was
run
after
by
dogs,
stung
by
hornets
and
was
caught
in
the
rain
several
times
before
he
8
the
base
of
the
mountain.
?
Kropp
9
to
climb
Mount
Everest
the
same
way
he
travelled
to
the
mountain:
without
the
10
of
others
and
without
modern
conveniences.
Unlike
other
11 ,
Kropp
climbed
the
mountain
without
a
guide
or
helper.
He
did
not
12
bottled
oxygen
to
help
him
13
at
high
altitudes
and
he
carried
all
of
his
14
himself
in
a
pack
that
weighed
about
140
pounds.
?
It
15
Kropp
two
tries
to
reach
the
top
of
Mount
Everest.
The
first
time,
he
had
to
16
only
350
feet
from
the
top
because
the
weather
was
too
dangerous.
Just
a
few
days
earlier,
at
that
same
level
eight
climbers
had
17
when
a
sudden
snowstorm
had
hit
the
mountain.
He
felt
deep
sorrow(悲痛)
for
them
and
thus
became
more
18 .
The
climber
waited
out
the
storm,
19 ,
and
tried
again
a
few
days
later.
This
time
he
was
20 .
After
he
walked
down
the
mountain,
he
got
back
on
his
bike
and
rode
the
7,
000
miles
back
to
Sweden.
?
【文章大意】Goran
Kropp是瑞典的冒险家和登山者。他知名于他的珠峰攀登,
他用自行车带着所有登山装备从瑞典出发,
不用氧登顶,
然后骑车回家。
1.
A.
enjoyed
B.
visited
C.
saw
D.
climbed
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据前面一句可知,
Goran
Kropp是瑞典著名的冒险家和登山者,
所以此处指他在六岁时就登上了(climb)北欧最高的山脉。
2.
A.
top
B.
country
C.
area
D.
valley
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据上一句的he
stood
on
the
highest
peak
in
the
world可知,
他爬到了珠穆朗玛峰的山顶(top)。
3.
A.
great
B.
kind
C.
normal
D.
honest
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据下文提到的他爬珠穆朗玛峰没有带瓶装的氧气也没有导游,
这说明他很了不起,
所以用great来形容。
4.
A.
Unless
B.
Once
C.
While
D.
Because
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。此处指虽然大多数人通过某种现代的交通工具到达珠穆朗玛峰的山脚,
但是Kropp却是骑自行车抵达。while表示“虽然”。
5.
A.
design
B.
transport
C.
material
D.
technology
【解析】选B。习语搭配题。means
of
transport表示“交通工具/方式”。
6.
A.
boring
B.
easy
C.
tiring
D.
busy
【解析】选B。背景常识题。根据常识可知骑自行车从瑞典到珠穆朗玛峰是不容易的(easy)。
7.
A.
lock
B.
repair
C.
find
D.
ride
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据句中的break
down(出故障)可知,
此处指修理(repair)自行车。
8.
A.
left
B.
reached
C.
discovered
D.
toured
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。此处指在他抵达(reach)山脚前,
他被狗追,
被马蜂蜇,
被雨淋。
9.
A.
chose
B.
refused
C.
agreed
D.
hated
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。Kropp选择(choose)同样的方式攀登珠峰:
没有他人的帮助也没有现代的便利的设施。
10.
A.
absence
B.
confidence
C.
assistance
D.
knowledge
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下一句中的without
a
guide
or
helper可知。
11.
A.
observers
B.
travelers
C.
climbers
D.
runners
【解析】选C。词汇复现题。根据文中多次出现的climber可知。
12.
A.
gather
B.
order
C.
share
D.
bring
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。此处指他没有带(bring)瓶装氧气。
13.
A.
breathe
B.
walk
C.
live
D.
stay
【解析】选A。背景常识题。带氧气的目的就是帮助呼吸(breathe)。
14.
A.
medicine
B.
food
C.
clothes
D.
equipment
【解析】选D。背景常识题。登山应该带着装备。
15.
A.
took
B.
spent
C.
cost
D.
used
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。此处指Kropp经过两次尝试后到达了珠峰的顶峰。take可以用于it
takes
sb.
+时间段/次数+to
do
sth.
,
表示“做某事需要某人多长时间/多少次”;
spend表示“花费”,
主语是人;
cost表示“花费”,
主语是具体某物。
16.
A.
go
on
B.
get
up
C.
set
out
D.
turn
back
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据下文可知,
他的第一次尝试失败是因为恶劣的天气迫使他返回(turn
back)。
17.
A.
succeeded
B.
won
C.
died
D.
appeared
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下一句He
felt
deep
sorrow
for
them可知八名登山者遇难了。
18.
A.
surprised
B.
strong-willed
C.
pleased
D.
disappointed
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。虽然他为遇难者感到悲痛,
但他爬山的意志更加坚定。
19.
A.
hid
B.
stopped
C.
survived
D.
rested
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。此处指Kropp在等待暴风雨过去,
休息了一下,
几天后再次尝试。wait
out表示“等到……结束”,
wait
out
a
storm等到风暴过去。此处waited,
rested,
tried是并列谓语,
表示一连串的动作。
20.
A.
hopeful
B.
successful
C.
careful
D.
meaningful
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据最后一句可知他第二次尝试成功了,
然后下山骑车回家了。
Ⅲ.
语法填空
阅读下面材料,
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The
Water
Splashing
Festival(泼水节)
of
the
Dai
ethnic
minority
falls
in
April.
It
is
the
most
important
festival
1.
(observe)
by
the
Dai
people
in
the
Dehong
area
of
Xishuangbanna,
Yunnan
Province.
During
the
festival
2.
lasts
three
or
four
days,
people
are
dressed
in
their
best
clothes
and
participate
in
a
variety
of
rich
and
colorful
3.
(activity).
Dragon
boat
racing,
fireworks
displays
and
other
performances
such
as
Peacock
Dance
4.
(hold)
on
the
first
day.
And
the
most
popular
event
5.
(be)
water-splashing
on
the
second
day.
People
splash
water
on
each
other,
hoping
to
take
away
sicknesses
and
disasters.
The
wetter
you
get,
the
6.
(lucky)
you
will
be.
The
last
day
is
usually
for
the
young
people
to
play
games
as
a
way
7.
(express)
their
love
for
each
other.
?
The
Water
Splashing
Festival
8.
(vivid)
exhibits
the
Dai’s
respect
for
water
and
the
culture
of
music
and
dance,
food,
and
costumes.
It
is
also
a
cultural
bridge
9.
Xishuangbanna
and
Southeast
Asian
countries
that
share
10.
same
festival
culture
of
water-splashing.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文,
主要介绍了在四月举行的傣族泼水节的活动和意义。
1.
【解析】observed。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知observe在句中作非谓语动词,
与逻辑主语“festival”构成被动关系,
故用过去分词。故填observed。
2.
【解析】which/that。考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词“festival”,
且先行词在从句中作主语,
指节日,
故用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。
3.
【解析】activities。考查名词的数。activity为可数名词,
由a
variety
of
“各种各样的”修饰可知应用复数形式。故填activities。
4.
【解析】are
held。考查动词时态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,
且描述客观事实用一般现在时,
主语为“Dragon
boat
racing,
fireworks
displays
and
other
performances”,
故谓语动词用复数形式。故填are
held。
5.
【解析】is。考查主谓一致。此处主语为形容词最高级,
谓语动词应用单数。且描述客观事实用一般现在时,
故填is。
6.
【解析】luckier。考查比较级。句意:
你越湿,
你就越幸运。此处为“the+比较级,
the+比较级”结构,
表示“越……,
越……”。故填luckier。
7.
【解析】to
express。考查非谓语动词。句意:
最后一天通常是年轻人以玩游戏的方式来表达他们对彼此的爱。修饰名词way用不定式作后置定语,
a
way
to
do
sth.
“做某事的方式”。故填to
express。
8.
【解析】vividly。考查副词。修饰后面的动词exhibits应用副词vividly,
表示“生动地”。故填vividly。
9.
【解析】
between。考查介词。根据短语between.
.
.
and.
.
.
表示“在……和……之间”。故填between。
10.
【解析】the。
考查冠词。句意:
它也是西双版纳和那些拥有一样的泼水节文化的东南亚国家之间的文化桥梁。此处表示“一样的泼水节文化”。故填the。
【补偿训练】
短文改错
(2020·江西高一检测)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,
请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,
每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:
在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),
并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:
把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:
在错的词下画一横线,
并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.
只允许修改10处,
多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Many
young
boys
and
girls
had
the
habit
of
smoking
though
they
are
middle
school
student.
As
we
all
know,
smoking
do
harm
to
human
beings.
More
and
more
people
have
realized
that
how
serious
this
problem
is.
But
they
are
never
boring
with
it.
Some
people
think
smoking
is
a
kind
of
fashion,
and
other
think
smoking
can
refresh
himself.
In
fact,
smoking
causes
many
illnesses.
The
most
serious
illness
causing
by
smoking
is
lung
cancer.
Meanwhile,
smoking
is
waste
of
money.
What’s
worse,
careless
smokers
may
cause
danger
fires.
答案:
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文,
讲述了吸烟对青少年的危害。
1.
【解析】第一句中
had
→have。考查动词的时态。句意:
许多年轻的男孩和女孩有吸烟的习惯,
虽然他们还是中学生。本文陈述一个客观事实,
要用一般现在时。故had改为have。
2.
【解析】第一句中student
→students。考查名词的数。根据前面的“they
are”可知此处要用复数形式students作表语。故student改为students。
3.
【解析】第二句中
do
→does。考查主谓一致。句意:
众所周知,
吸烟对人体有害。动名词smoking作主语,
谓语动词用单数。故do改为does。
4.
【解析】第三句中去掉that。
考查宾语从句。句意:
越来越多的人已经意识到这个问题是多么严重。此处的宾语从句由how引导,
how在从句中作状语,
that多余,
故去掉that。
5.
【解析】第四句中
boring
→bored。考查形容词。句意:
但他们从不对它感到厌倦。此处主语“they”指人,
故应用-ed形式,
表示“感到厌倦的”。故boring改为bored。
6.
【解析】第五句中
other
→others。考查代词。句意:
一些人认为吸烟是一种时尚,
另一些人认为吸烟可以提神。结合句意“一些人……,
另一些人……”可知此处应用复数形式。故other改为others。
7.
【解析】第五句中himself
→themselves。考查反身代词。此处的反身代词应与主语“others”保持一致,
表示“他们自己”,
故himself改为themselves。
8.
【解析】第七句中causing
→caused。考查非谓语动词。句意:
吸烟引起的最严重的疾病是肺癌。“illness”与“cause”是动宾关系,
应用过去分词作后置定语。故causing改为caused。
9.
【解析】第八句中waste前面加a。考查冠词。句意:
同时,
吸烟也是一种对钱的浪费。此处用不定冠词表示泛指,
a
waste
of是固定用法,
意为“浪费”。故waste前面加a。
10.
【解析】第九句中danger
→dangerous。考查形容词。句意:
更糟的是,
粗心的吸烟者可能引起危险的火灾。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词fires。故danger改为dangerous。
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