第五单元过关检测
(时间:90分钟 满分:120分)
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
(2019山东高密高一上学期期中)
The
University
of
Tokyo
has
several
museums
covering
various
fields
such
as
medicine,agriculture
and
art.Here
are
brief
introductions
to
their
histories
and
exhibits.
TheUniversityMuseum
Having
collected
over
three
million
academic
materials
for
its
collection
since
the
University
of
Tokyo
was
founded
in
1877,the
University
Museum
is
the
largest
museums
of
its
kind
in
Japan.From
the
time
its
reorganisation
into
an
independent
entity
in
May
1996,the
University
Museum
has
held
exhibitions
over
60
times.
TheMuseumofHealthandMedicine
The
Museum
of
Health
and
Medicine
seeks
to
provide
information
about
health
and
medicine
for
the
general
public
and
advanced
education
for
students
studying
medicine.The
museum
features
both
a
permanent
exhibition
space
and
a
temporary
exhibition
space,with
the
latter
focusing
on
topics
related
to
medical
care
and
the
study
of
medicine.
TheAgriculturalMuseum
The
Agricultural
Museum
displays
materials
from
the
collection
of
the
University’s
Graduate
School
of
Agricultural
and
Life
Sciences.Notable
items
on
display
include
the
documents
and
portraits
of
scientists
attached
to
the
university,inner
organs
of
Japan’s
famous
dog
Hachiko,and
drawings
showing
German
agriculture
and
the
varieties
of
Japanese
cows.
TheFarmMuseum
The
Farm
Museum
opened
in
2007
within
a
rebuilt
dairy
barn.The
barn
was
built
in
1934
as
part
of
the
moving
of
the
University
of
Tokyo’s
farm
from
Komaba
to
Tanashi,an
area
in
western
Tokyo.The
museum
features
both
permanent
and
temporary
exhibitions.Permanent
exhibitions
include
European
farming
tools
used
on
the
KomabaFarm,tools
for
agricultural
experiments,agriculturalmachinery,American
tractors
and
drawings
showing
German
agriculture.
1.What
can
we
know
about
the
University
Museum?
A.It
was
founded
in
1877.
B.It
has
held
over
60
exhibitions.
C.It
has
the
most
items
collected.
D.It
is
the
largest
museum
in
Japan.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据TheUniversityMuseum中“FromthetimeitsreorganisationintoanindependententityinMay1996,theUniversityMuseumhasheldexhibitionsover60times.”可知,该博物馆举办过60多次展览。故选B项。
2.WhichshouldyouvisitifyouareinterestedinallkindsofJapanesecows?
A.TheFarmMuseum.
B.TheUniversityMuseum.
C.TheAgriculturalMuseum.
D.TheMuseumofHealthandMedicine.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据TheAgriculturalMuseum中最后一句“Notableitemsondisplay...andthevarietiesofJapanesecows.”可知,如果你对各种日本奶牛感兴趣可以来农业博物馆。故选C项。
3.What’sthepurposeofthetext?
A.Tointroducemuseums.
B.Togivetheuniversitysomeadvice.
C.Tomaketheuniversityfamous.
D.Toattractvisitorstomuseums.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“Herearebriefintroductionstotheirhistoriesandexhibits.”可知,本文主要目的是介绍东京大学几个博物馆以及它们的历史和展品。故选A项。
B
(2019安徽安庆高一上学期期末)
The
situation
of
the
world’s
plants
is
not
good.One
fifth
of
the
kinds
of
plants
are
in
danger
of
disappearing,according
to
a
report.
“Plants
are
very
vital
to
human
beings,”
said
Kathy
Willis,who
led
the
new
report.“Plants
provide
us
with
everything—food,fuel,medicine,and
they
are
very
important
for
our
climate
controlling.Without
plants
we
would
not
be
here.”
The
good
news
is
that
deforestation
rates(森林砍伐率)
around
the
world
have
dropped
largely
since
the
1950s.However,this
report
on
the
health
of
plants
around
the
world
shows
that
there
is
much
more
to
be
done.
The
report
predicts
that
there
are
now
390,900
kinds
of
plants.And
about
21
percent
of
those
plants
are
in
danger
of
disappearing.“The
good
side
is
that
we’re
still
discovering
lots
of
new
plants,about
2,000
each
year,”
said
DrWillis.“The
bad
side
is
that
we’ve
seen
a
huge
change
in
land
cover,mainly
caused
by
cultural
activity,with
a
little
bit
of
climate
change
as
well.”
Human
activity
has
a
great
effect
on
the
danger
of
plants
disappearing.As
humans
cut
down
forests
to
make
room
for
agriculture,towns
and
cities,biodiversity(生物多样性)
is
lost.This
could
not
only
affect
our
own
food
supply
directly,but
also
it
could
affect
the
food
chain.
4.What
does
the
underlined
word
“vital”
in
paragraph
2
probably
mean?
A.Useless. B.Friendly.
C.Equal.
D.Important.
答案D
解析词义猜测题。根据后文“Plantsprovideuswitheverything—food,fuel,medicine,andtheyareveryimportantforourclimatecontrolling.Withoutplantswewouldnotbehere.”可知植物为我们提供了一切——食物、燃料、药物,它们对我们控制气候非常重要。没有植物,我们就不会在这里。故KathyWillis说的是植物对人类非常重要。可知画线单词意思为“重要的”。故选D项。
5.WhichofthefollowingdoesDrWillisagreewith?
A.Newplantsaremorethaneverbefore.
B.Abouthalftheplantswilldisappearsoon.
C.Manynewplantsarefoundeveryyear.
D.Plantsmustn’tbeusedtoproducemedicine.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“‘Thegoodsideisthatwe’restilldiscoveringlotsofnewplants,about2,000eachyear’,saidDrWillis.”并结合选项可知Willis博士会同意每年都发现许多新植物的说法。故选C项。
6.Whatdowelearnfromthethirdparagraph?
A.Wehavemadelittleprogress.
B.Thereisalongwayforustogo.
C.Wehaveachievedourgoal.
D.Therewillbenothingwecando.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“However,thisreportonthehealthofplantsaroundtheworldshowsthatthereismuchmoretobedone.”可知,我们还有很长的路要走。故选B项。
7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.BiodiversityBeingLost
B.HumanSocialActivity
C.EnvironmentProtection
D.NatureClimateChange
答案A
解析标题归纳题。结合文章可知,文章主要讲述植物物种面临消失,植物对人类非常重要,植物所面临的险境会导致生物多样性丧失,这种变化最终将会危害到人类自身。可知A选项“生物多样性正在丧失”符合文章标题。故选A项。
C
California
has
lost
half
its
big
trees
since
the
1930s,according
to
a
study
to
be
published
Tuesday
and
climate
change
seems
to
be
a
major
factor(因素).
The
number
of
trees
larger
than
two
feet
across
has
declined
by
50
percent
on
more
than
46,000
square
miles
of
California
forests,the
new
study
finds.No
area
was
spared
or
unaffected,from
the
foggy
northern
coast
to
the
Sierra
Nevada
Mountains
to
the
San
Gabriels
above
Los
Angeles.In
the
Sierra
high
country,the
number
of
big
trees
has
fallen
by
more
than
55
percent;in
parts
of
southern
California
the
decline
was
nearly
75
percent.
Many
factors
contributed
to
the
decline,said
Patrick
McIntyre,an
ecologist
who
was
the
lead
author
of
the
study.Woodcutters
targeted
big
trees.Housing
development
pushed
into
the
woods.Aggressive
wildfire
control
has
left
California
forests
crowded
with
small
trees
that
compete
with
big
trees
for
resources(资源).
But
in
comparing
a
study
of
California
forests
done
in
the
1920s
and
1930s
with
another
one
between
2001
and
2010,McIntyre
and
his
colleagues
documented
a
widespread
death
of
big
trees
that
was
evident
even
in
wildlands
protected
from
woodcutting
or
development.
The
loss
of
big
trees
was
greatest
in
areas
where
trees
had
suffered
the
greatest
water
shortage.The
researchers
figured
out
water
stress
with
a
computer
model
that
calculated
how
much
water
trees
were
getting
in
comparison
with
how
much
they
needed,taking
into
account
such
things
as
rainfall,airtemperature,dampness
of
soil,and
the
timing
of
snowmelt(融雪).
Since
the
1930s,McIntyresaid,the
biggest
factors
driving
up
water
stress
in
the
state
have
been
rising
temperatures,which
cause
trees
to
lose
more
water
to
the
air,and
earlier
snowmelt,which
reduces
the
water
supply
available
to
trees
during
the
dry
season.
8.What
is
the
second
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.The
seriousness
of
big-tree
loss
in
California.
B.The
increasing
variety
of
California
big
trees.
C.The
distribution
of
big
trees
in
California
forests.
D.The
influence
of
farming
on
big
trees
in
California.
答案A
解析段落大意题。通读第二段的内容可知,在加利福尼亚不同的地区,大树减少的程度都非常严重。由此可知,本段主要讲述加利福尼亚大树减少的严峻性。所以选A项。
9.Which
of
the
following
is
well-intentioned
but
may
be
bad
for
big
trees?
A.Ecological
studies
of
forests.
B.Banning
woodcutting.
C.Limiting
housing
development.
D.Fire
control
measures.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“AggressivewildfirecontrolhasleftCaliforniaforestscrowdedwithsmalltreesthatcompetewithbigtreesforresources.”可知,对野火的控制本意是好的,但这却使得许多小树和大树争夺资源。故选D项。
10.What
is
a
major
cause
of
the
water
shortage
according
to
McIntyre?
A.Inadequate
snowmelt.
B.A
longer
dry
season.
C.A
warmer
climate.
D.Dampness
of
the
air.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的“...thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperatures...”可知,C项正确。
11.What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.California’sForests:Where
Have
All
the
Big
Trees
Gone?
B.Cutting
of
Big
Trees
to
Be
Prohibited
in
California
Soon
C.Why
Are
the
Big
Trees
Important
to
California
Forests?
D.PatrickMcIntyre:Grow
More
Big
Trees
in
California
答案A
解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍加利福尼亚大树数目不断减少的原因。所以选A项。
D
How
does
an
ecosystem(生态系统)
work?What
makes
the
populations
of
different
species
the
way
they
are?Why
are
there
so
many
flies
and
so
few
wolves?To
find
an
answer,scientists
have
built
mathematical
models
of
food
webs,noting
who
eats
whom
and
how
much
each
one
eats.
With
such
models,scientists
have
found
out
some
key
principles
operating
in
food
webs.Most
food
webs,forinstance,consist
of
many
weak
links
rather
than
a
few
strong
ones.When
a
predator(掠食动物)
always
eats
huge
numbers
of
a
single
prey(猎物),the
two
species
are
strongly
linked;when
a
predator
lives
on
various
species,they
are
weakly
linked.Food
webs
may
be
dominated
by
many
weak
links
because
that
arrangement
is
more
stable
over
the
long
term.If
a
predator
can
eat
several
species,it
can
survive
the
extinction(灭绝)
of
one
of
them.And
if
a
predator
can
move
on
to
another
species
that
is
easier
to
find
when
a
prey
species
becomes
rare,the
switch
allows
the
original
prey
to
recover.The
weak
links
may
thus
keep
species
from
driving
one
another
to
extinction.
Mathematical
models
have
also
revealed
that
food
webs
may
be
unstable,where
small
changes
of
top
predators
can
lead
to
big
effects
throughout
entire
ecosystems.In
the
1960s,scientists
proposed
that
predators
at
the
top
of
a
food
web
had
a
surprising
amount
of
control
over
the
size
of
populations
of
other
species—including
species
they
did
not
directly
attack.
And
unplanned
human
activities
have
proved
the
idea
of
top-down
control
by
top
predators
to
be
true.In
the
ocean,we
fished
for
top
predators
such
as
cod
on
an
industrial
scale,while
on
land,we
killed
off
large
predators
such
as
wolves.These
actions
have
greatly
affected
the
ecological
balance.
Scientists
have
built
an
early-warning
system
based
on
mathematical
models.Ideally,the
system
would
tell
us
when
to
adapt
human
activities
that
are
pushing
an
ecosystem
toward
a
breakdown
or
would
even
allow
us
to
pull
an
ecosystem
back
from
the
borderline.Prevention
is
key,scientistssay,because
once
ecosystems
pass
their
tipping
point(临界点),it
is
remarkably
difficult
for
them
to
return.
12.What
have
scientists
discovered
with
the
help
of
mathematical
models
of
food
webs?
A.The
living
habits
of
species
in
food
webs.
B.The
rules
governing
food
webs
of
the
ecosystems.
C.The
approaches
to
studying
the
species
in
the
ecosystems.
D.The
differences
between
weak
and
strong
links
in
food
webs.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句中的“scientistshavefoundout...infoodwebs.”得知科学家们发现了食物网运行的关键法则。故选B项。
13.A
strong
link
is
found
between
two
species
when
a
predator
.?
A.has
a
wide
food
choice
B.can
easily
find
new
prey
C.sticks
to
one
prey
species
D.can
quickly
move
to
another
place
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“Whenapredator...arestronglylinked”得出结论只吃一种猎物是“stronglink”。
14.What
will
happen
if
the
populations
of
top
predators
in
a
food
web
greatly
decline?
A.The
prey
species
they
directly
attack
will
die
out.
B.The
species
they
indirectly
attack
will
turn
into
top
predators.
C.The
living
environment
of
other
species
will
remain
unchanged.
D.The
populations
of
other
species
will
experience
unexpected
changes.
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Mathematicalmodels...entireecosystems.”可知“食物链顶端掠食动物的变化可能会给整个生态系统带来大的影响”。故选D项。
15.What
conclusion
can
be
drawn
from
the
examples
in
Paragraph
4?
A.Uncontrolled
human
activities
greatly
upset
ecosystems.
B.Rapid
economic
development
threatens
animal
habitats.
C.Species
of
commercial
value
dominate
other
species.
D.Industrial
activities
help
keep
food
webs
stable.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据文章第四段的例子以及本段的最后一句话可知“人类的这些行为极大地影响了生态的平衡”。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2019四川乐山高一上学期期末)
Clean
eating
does
not
have
an
official
definition(定义),but
it
basically
means
that
you
avoid
processed(加工过的)
and
packaged
foods
in
favour
of
foods
that
are
in
their
natural
state. 16
Then
how
to
start
clean
eating??
Focusonfruitsandvegetables.The
basis
of
a
clean
eating
plan
should
be
whole,unprocessed
fruits
and
vegetables. 17
Include
1
or
2
servings
of
vegetables
or
fruit
with
every
meal.If
you
don’t
like
to
wash
and
cut
produce
yourself,you
can
buy
pre-washed
and
cut
fresh
produce.?
Add2to3servingsofwholegrainseachday.Whole
grains
should
make
up
the
majority
of
your
food
since
they
contain
more
fiber
and
nutrients(养分)
than
white
grains.Lessen
white
bread,pasta,flour
and
rice. 18 ?
19
Protein
helps
to
keep
you
feeling
full
for
longer
than
carbs(碳水化合物)
or
fats,so
make
sure
to
get
2
to
3
servings
of
protein
per
day.All
or
most
of
the
meals
you
eat
should
have
1
serving
of
lean
protein.?
Drinkwaterasyourmainsourceofliquid. 20
Make
sure
that
you
are
drinking
at
least
eight
8
glasses
of
water
daily.Drink
water
with
your
meals
and
between
them
to
keep
yourself
hydrated(含水的).Try
carrying
a
water
bottle
wherever
you
go
and
refill
it
as
needed
throughout
the
day!?
A.Water
is
essential
to
a
clean
eating
plan.
B.Add
a
serving
of
lean
protein
to
each
meal.
C.Replace
these
foods
with
whole
grains
choices.
D.Try
to
buy
fresh
fruits
and
vegetables
whenever
possible.
E.It
is
important
to
read
labels(标签)
when
you
eat
out.
F.It
is
a
popular
way
to
make
sure
that
you
are
having
healthier
foods.
G.Fat
helps
with
satisfaction,but
too
much
fat
will
increase
your
overall
calorie
intake.
答案16~20
FDCBA
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2019山西运城高一上学期期中)
Our
family
enjoyed
a
beautiful
house
plant
for
over
thirty
years.It
had
stayed
with
us
through
21
years
and
good
times,pain
and
joy.I
had
never
thought
of
22
it.?
However,two
weeks
ago,we 23
some
changes
of
its
leaves,which
began
to
lose
its
colour.We
watered
and
looked
after
it
even
to
the
point
of
24 it,like
a
child.But
it
just
showed
no
sign
of
25 .We
finally
picked
a
few
almost
dead
leaves
and
26
replanting
them
in
another
small
pot.?
What
27
us
was
that
these
leaves
which
had
been
planted
in
the
new
pot
grew
strong.In
order
to
know
the
reason
28
the
house
plant
died,we
dug
the
dead
plant
out
of
the
pot.Then,it
became
29
to
us—its
roots
were
in
disorder,completely
tangling
up(绞在一起).They
had
grown
so
massive(大量的)
that
they
30
the
sides
of
the
pot.Our
once-beautiful
plant
31
because
it
grew
out
of
its
environment—it
became
root-bound(根满盆的).?
People
can
become
root-bound,too.Those
who 32
personal
growth
or
development
often
want
to
make
33
that
can
lead
to
greater
achievements(成就)
or
much
more
happiness.However,they
more
often
34
they
outgrow
their
environment
and
want
to
35 .Their
views
become
larger
and
they
need
36
environment
to
live
in.They
need
people
who
will
make
37
for
their
growth.If
they
cannot
be
38 ,some
problems
are
sure
to
appear.?
So
if
your
newly-found
growth
39
you
to
push
against
the
old
ways,you
may
need
to
40 you
are
bigger
now.?
21.A.peaceful
B.hard
C.pleasant
D.busy
答案B
解析句意:它伴随我们度过了艰难的岁月和开心的时光,度过了痛苦和欢乐。peaceful“和平的,安静的”;hard“艰难的”;pleasant“令人愉快的”;busy“繁忙的”。由and前后的pain与joy是反义词,可知空格处单词表达意思与good是反义词,故选B项。
22.A.controlling
B.buying
C.losing
D.sell
答案C
解析句意:我从没有想过失去它。control“控制”;buy“买”;lose“失去”;sell“卖掉”。由下文中的thehouseplantdied可知,作者从没想过有一天会失去这棵树。故选C项。
23.A.made
B.recorded
C.collected
D.discovered
答案D
解析句意:然而,两周前,我们发现叶子发生了一些变化,叶子开始失去了颜色。make“制作”;record“记录,记载”;collect“收集”;discover“发现”。由句子的宾语somechanges与主语we可知,“我”们应该是发现了变化。故选D项。
24.A.admitting
B.loving
C.sending
D.punishing
答案B
解析句意:我们给它浇水,照顾它,甚至到了像个孩子一样地爱它。admit“承认”;love“爱”;send“邮寄,发送”;punish“惩罚”。由even可知,句中watered,lookedafter与空格处单词是逐步递进的关系,故选B项。
25.A.strength
B.trouble
C.growth
D.recovery
答案D
解析句意:但是它没有复苏的迹象。strength“力量,强度”;trouble“麻烦”;growth“成长”;recovery“恢复,痊愈”。根据文章意思与生活常识,“我”们浇水、照顾它是为了让它复活,故选D项。
26.A.avoided
B.practised
C.tried
D.enjoyed
答案C
解析句意:我们最后挑选了几片快要死掉的叶子,尝试着把它移植到另外一个小盆中。avoid“避免,防止”;practise“练习”;try“尝试”;enjoy“喜欢”。根据上下文意思,由于我们移植时不能确定这个方法是否好用,所以我们只是尝试了这个方法。故选C项。
27.A.amazed
B.disappointed
C.embarrassed
D.bored
答案A
解析句意:让我们吃惊的是这些被移植到新盆子里的叶子长得很强壮。amaze“使惊奇”;disappoint“使失望”;embarrass“使尴尬”;bore“使厌烦”。由下句可知这些被移植的叶子长得很健壮是让“我”们出乎意料的,“我”们是提前没有预料到的。故选A项。
28.A.why
B.where
C.when
D.how
答案A
解析句意:为了知道大的绿植死掉的原因,我们将它从花盆中挖了出来。why“为什么”;where“哪儿”;when“什么时候”;how“如何”。这是一个定语从句,先行词是thereason,表示原因,其后句子缺少原因状语,所以选用关系词why。故选A项。
29.A.happy
B.useful
C.energetic
D.clear
答案D
解析句意:对我们来说,原因变得清晰了——它的树根很乱,完全绞在了一起。happy“高兴的”;useful“有用的”;energetic“精力充沛的”;clear“清晰的”。由上句Inordertoknowthereason以及破折号后对原因的解释可知是原因变得清晰了。故选D项。
30.A.ate
B.managed
C.stopped
D.burst
答案D
解析句意:它们长得这么多以至于它们的根超出了盆子的边缘。eat“吃”;manage“试图做成某事”;stop“停止”;burst“爆满,涨满”。空格处单词与下句中的“grewoutof(长出去)”呼应。故选D项。
31.A.grew
B.survived
C.died
D.arrived
答案C
解析句意:我们曾经长得很漂亮的绿植死掉了,因为它长得超出了它的环境。它变得满盆都是根。grow“长”;survive“生存,存活”;die“死”;arrive“到达”。此空格与本段第二句中的died呼应,故选C项。
32.A.dependon
B.lookfor
C.waitfor
D.turndown
答案B
解析句意:那些寻求个人成长和发展的人常常想改变,以取得更大的成就,或获得更大的快乐。dependon“依靠”;lookfor“寻求”;waitfor“等待”;turndown“拒绝”。由下句中theyoutgrowtheirenvironment可知,这些人是经常寻求个人成长和发展的。故选B项。
33.A.suggestions
B.studies
C.explanations
D.changes
答案D
解析suggestion“建议”;study“学习,研究”;explanation“解释”;change“改变”。根据上下词之间的逻辑关系,既然这些人寻求个人成长和发展,就必然想做出改变。故选D项。
34.A.ask
B.think
C.find
D.remember
答案C
解析句意:然而,他们经常发现自己的成长超出了他们的环境,于是想要出去。ask“问”;think“想”;find“发现”;remember“记起”。根据常识,这些人寻求个人成长和发展,慢慢地就会发现现在的环境满足不了他们。故选C项。
35.A.takeoff
B.falldown
C.calmdown
D.setoff
答案A
解析takeoff“起飞,出去”;falldown“摔倒,跌倒”;calmdown“平静下来”;setoff“动身,出发”。根据下句“Theirviewsbecomelargerandtheyneed environmenttolivein.”可知,他们想要出去,离开现在的环境。故选A项。?
36.A.larger
B.warmer
C.safer
D.taller
答案A
解析句意:他们的视野变得更广阔,需要更大的环境生存。larger“更大”;warmer“更暖和”;safer“更安全”;taller“更高”。由前半句Theirviewsbecomelarger可知,他们需要更大的环境生存,句中的两个larger前后呼应。故选A项。
37.A.chances
B.promises
C.time
D.room
答案D
解析句意:他们需要别人给他们提供成长的空间。chance“机会”;promise“承诺”;time“时间”;room“空间”。由常识可知,成长是需要空间的,此空格与上句中的environment呼应,故选D项。
38.A.satisfied
B.accepted
C.mentioned
D.protected
答案A
解析句意:如果他们不满意,问题就会出现。satisfied“满意的,满足的”;accepted“被接受的”;mentioned“被提到”;protected“被保护”。上句提到了他们的需求,这句话肯定是说如果需求不满足,就会有问题。故选A项。
39.A.organises
B.causes
C.permits
D.teaches
答案B
解析句意:因此,如果你新发现的成长使得你摒弃旧的方法,你就需要意识到你现在更加强大了。organise“组织”;cause“导致”;permit“允许”;teach“教会”。growth与pushagainst之间是引起、导致的关系,故选B项。
40.A.refuse
B.order
C.realise
D.prove
答案C
解析refuse“拒绝”;order“命令”;realise“意识到”;prove“证明”。根据这句话的意思,你应该意识到自己变得更加强大了,也是作者写这篇文章的目的,让大家意识到这一点。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2019辽宁丹东高一上学期期末)
New
research
says
nuts
could
be
a
41. (value),tasty
and
nutritious
slimming
aid.Researchers
from
Harvard
University
recommended
that
people
replace
a
daily
unhealthy
snack
with
a
small
handful
of
nuts
42. (slow)
down
weight
gain.This
is
43. (especial)
helpful
for
people
as
they
get
older.The
researchers
found
that
people
who
ate
just
14g
of
nuts
every
day
gained
less
weight
44.
those
who
ate
another
snack.The
people
who
ate
the
nuts
were
less
likely
to
become
obese(肥胖的).However,the
benefits
to
our
weight
could
be
quite
small.45. (eat)
nuts
instead
of
chocolate
and
cakes
could
help
prevent
a
weight
gain
of
just
0.4
to
0.7kg
over
four
years.?
The
researchers
conducted
a
long-term
study
in
which
they
looked
at
46.
lifestyle
of
nearly
190,000
people
for
over
two
47. (decade).The
participants
in
the
research
48. (divide)
into
three
groups.They
included
more
than
51,000
male
health
professionals
aged
40
to
75,121,700
nurses
aged
35
to
55
and
16,686
nurses
aged
24
to
44.Researchers
asked
the
participants
questions
every
four
years
about
49. (they)
weight,how
often
they
ate
nuts,and
how
often
they
exercised.A
researcher
said
replacing
less
healthy
foods
with
nuts
might
help
reduce
the
weight
gain
50. is
common
as
we
age,and
might
lower
the
chances
of
becoming
obese.?
答案41.valuable 42.to
slow 43.especially 44.than 45.Eating 46.the 47.decades 48.were
divided 49.their 50.that/which
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My
father
is
common
farmer.There
were
three
times
when
I
saw
him
cry.The
first
was
when
my
grandmother
died.It
made
him
sadly
for
a
long
time.The
second
was
when
my
brother
left
home
to
Vietnam.The
third
was
when
my
father
was
in
his
eighty.Thatyear,my
mother
was
suffered
from
a
disease,which
affected
his
memory.Later,she
stayed
in
hospital.My
father
regular
visited
her
almost
every
day
for
ten
years,except
during
the
three
months
when
he
had
his
foot
break.Finally
he
could
walk
again.He
often
said
to
me,“I
thought
your
mother
forgot
me,so
when
she
saw
me,she
would
smile
at
me
like
before.”
Then
my
father
burst
out
cry.
答案
My
father
is
common
farmer.There
were
three
times
when
I
saw
him
cry.The
first
was
when
my
grandmother
died.It
made
himUNIT
5
WORKING
THE
LAND
SectionⅡ LearningAboutLanguage
课后·训练提升
一、单句语法填空
1. you
are
coming
to
London
is
the
best
news
I
have
heard
this
long
time.?
答案That
2. they
would
come
to
conference
was
a
question.?
答案Whether
3. owned
the
house
was
clearly
not
expecting
us.?
答案Whoever
4.It
struck
her
considerate
he
was.?
答案how
5. shocked
me
was
that
she
never
washed
her
own
clothes.?
答案What
6.It
is
essential
that
he
(be)
here
by
the
weekend.?
答案(should)
be
7. is
common
knowledge
that
the
whale
is
not
a
fish.?
答案It
8.When
we
will
set
off
(be)
still
under
discussion.?
答案is
9.I
don’t
think
they
say
amounts
to
much.?
答案whatever
10. she
didn’t
attend
the
wedding
party
is
that
she
had
a
headache.?
答案Why
二、单句改错
1.It
suddenly
occurred
to
him
what
he
had
left
his
keys
in
the
office.
答案what→that
2.Whether
he
hasn’t
phoned
is
strange.
答案Whether→That
3.It
is
suggested
that
the
work
must
be
done
in
a
day.
答案去掉must或must→should
4.It
was
uncertain
that
he
would
come
or
not.
答案that→whether
5.What
I
want
to
buy
is
several
books.
答案is→are
三、阅读理解
A
(2019天津第一中学高一上学期期末)
People
generally
tend
to
pick
out
the
best-looking
fruits
and
vegetables
when
shopping
for
produce,but
Canadian
supermarket
chain
Loblaws
is
attracting
customers
with
badly-shaped
and
faulty
produce
at
the
price
of
30%
lower
than
normal-looking
ones.
A
trial
run(试验,试行)
of
the
ugly
food
line,named“Naturally
Imperfect”,began
with
only
apples
and
tomatoes
to
choose
from.Consumer
demand
has
been
so
huge
that
Loblaws
is
going
to
introduce
more
unsightly
vegetables
and
fruit
options
like
onions
and
mushrooms.The
line
is
available
at
other
stores,including
Real
Canadian
Superstore
and
Your
Independent
Grocer.
All
the
produce
that
will
be
sold
through
Naturally
Imperfect
would
otherwise
have
been
used
in
juices,sauces,orsoups,or
have
not
been
harvested
at
all.The
director
Dan
Branson
explained
that
this
programme
benefited
both
food
producers
who
would
otherwise
have
to
let
abnormal
harvest
go
to
waste,and
consumers
who
could
buy
fresh
produce
at
low
prices.And
he
was
right,given
how
popular
the
line
has
become.
“It
really
went
well
beyond
our
expectation,”
Branson
said.“I
think
it
really
spoke
to
the
fact
that
Canadians
are
out
there
really
looking
for
some
options.”
Of
course,Canadians
know
that
beauty
is
more
than
skin
deep,but
they
also
recognise
that
they
can
get
the
same
flavour
and
nutritional
benefits
in
spite
of
appearances.The
positive
response
to
the
initial(最初的)
offering
of
apples
and
potatoes
showed
the
opportunity
to
expand
the
line
and
offer
more
options
at
a
greater
price
to
Canadian
families.
“If
you
grow
produce
in
your
backyard,there
will
be
a
lot
of
produce
that
won’t
look
as
pretty
as
what
you
will
see
in
a
grocery
store,”
said
Branson.“And
nature
doesn’t
grow
everything
perfectly.I’d
like
to
think
if
somebody
were
to
take
a
No
Name
Naturally
Imperfect
apple,put
right
beside
a
No.1
apple,close
their
eyes
and
eat
them,there
would
be
no
difference.”
1.Loblaws
is
different
from
other
supermarkets
in
that
.?
A.more
fruits
are
offered
at
lower
prices
B.normal-looking
produce
is
banned
there
C.imperfect
produce
is
sold
at
lower
prices
there
D.only
apples
and
potatoes
are
sold
every
day
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中“butCanadiansupermarketchainLoblawsisattractingcustomerswithbadly-shapedandfaultyproduceatthepriceof30%lowerthannormal-lookingones.”可知,加拿大连锁超市Loblaws正是以低于市场价格30%的价格来吸引顾客购买品相不太好的农产品。结合选项,故选C项。
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraph4referto?
A.Theuglyfoodline.
B.Thefoodtobewasted.
C.Theabnormalharvest.
D.Alltheproduce.
答案A
解析词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Andhewasright,givenhowpopularthelinehasbecome.”以及第四段中“Itreallywentwellbeyondourexpectation”可知,it应指代的是上文中提到的theuglyfoodline。结合选项,故选A项。
3.WhatdoBranson’swordsinthelastparagraphmainlytellus?
A.Weshouldeatimperfectappleswithoureyesclosed.
B.Theworldisusuallyfullofimperfectthings.
C.Imperfectfruitsareastastyandnutritiousasperfectones.
D.Thefruitsgrownbyourselvesaremorenutritiousthanthoseinthestore.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Andnaturedoesn’tgroweverythingperfectly.I’dliketothinkifsomebodyweretotakeaNoNameNaturallyImperfectapple,putrightbesideaNo.1apple,closetheireyesandeatthem,therewouldbenodifference.”可知,农产品不会都长得漂亮,把不完美的苹果和完美的苹果放在一起一样吃,不完美的农产品和完美的有一样的口感和营养价值。结合选项,故选C项。
B
(2019山东淄博高一上学期期末)
I’m
Andrew
Siegel
and
this
is
my
garden.This
is
where
my
family
and
I
grow
a
lot
of
different
vegetables,flowers
and
herbs.Gardening
has
been
really
important
to
my
family
because
it
gives
us
an
opportunity
to
spend
time
outside
together,away
from
all
the
electronics.
Especially
for
my
five-year-old,it
really
gives
her
an
opportunity
to
be
in
touch
with
nature—all
the
little
animals,insects
and
things
that
come
out
here.
We
find
that
a
lot
of
the
things
that
we
plan
for
in
the
garden
don’t
always
go
the
way
that
we’d
like
them
to,and
some
of
the
things
that
we
don’t
plan
for
become
what
we
enjoy
the
most
that
year.So
it’s
something
that
my
family
and
I
have
learned:To
appreciate
all
of
it.
My
advice
for
beginner
gardeners
is
to
just
start.Get
a
pot,get
a
little
bit
of
dirt,get
a
tomato
plant
or
whatever
plant
you
want
and
just
get
started.
I
think
sometimes
it
seems
a
little
challenging.Trustme,it
does
not
need
to
be
perfect.You
will
enjoy
every
little
thing
you
get
out
of
it.
Gardening
has
taught
me
patience,something
I
don’t
naturally
have
a
lot
of.It
takes
weeks,takes
months
before
the
work
you
put
into
it
comes
out.You
learn
not
only
to
be
patient,but
you’ve
also
learned
that,after
years
of
gardening,the
end
product
is
just
part
of
it.
The
journey
of
growing
has
become
much
more
important
to
me
than
the
actual
produce
that
we
get
in
the
end.Nothing
has
been
so
valuable
as
the
time
I
spend
out
here.I’m
by
no
means
in
a
farmland,but
I
do
have
my
own
little
piece
of
what
I
consider
heaven,and
I’ve
really
learned
to
appreciate
every
little
moment—every
insect,everyplant,every
flower—and
when
you
can
appreciate
it
in
that
way,there’s
nothing
better.
4.What
does
the
underlined
word
“five-year-old”
in
paragraph
2
refer
to?
A.The
author.
B.The
author’s
daughter.
C.The
insect.
D.The
little
animal.
答案B
解析词义猜测题。根据下文“itreallygivesheranopportunitytobeintouchwithnature—allthelittleanimals,insectsandthingsthatcomeouthere.”可知花园给了她一个接触大自然的机会——所有的小动物、昆虫和其他来到这里的东西。下文中人称代词her可知是女性,且年龄为五岁,由此可推知,“five-year-old”此处指的是作者的女儿。故选B项。
5.WhatisthemostimportantforAndrewSiegelingardening?
A.Plantingdifferentvegetablesandflowers.
B.Stayingathometogetherwithherfamily.
C.Enjoyingthewholeprocessofgrowing.
D.Harvestingwhatthefamilyplanted.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Thejourneyofgrowinghasbecomemuchmoreimportanttomethantheactualproducethatwegetintheend.”可知,对作者来说,种植的过程比最终获得的实际产品重要得多。由此可知,园艺最重要的是享受种植的整个过程。故选C项。
6.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?
A.TheJoysofGardening
B.TheBenefitsofGardening
C.BeinginTouchwithNature
D.BeingPatientwithLife
答案A
解析标题归纳题。根据第一段中“Gardeninghasbeenreallyimportanttomyfamilybecauseitgivesusanopportunitytospendtimeoutsidetogether,awayfromalltheelectronics.”可知园艺对作者的家庭来说非常重要,因为它让我们有机会一起在户外度过时光,远离所有电子产品。结合文章主要内容为描述作者在自己家花园中从事园艺的感悟,园艺让作者体会到接触自然的乐趣和体会过程的重要性。由此可知A选项“园艺的乐趣”最符合文章标题。故选A项。
四、七选五阅读理解
(2019湖南浏阳高一上学期期末)
You
don’t
have
to
break
your
back
to
create
a
yard
that’s
both
beautiful
and
kind
to
Mother
Nature.These
environmentally
smart
ideas
will
turn
your
home
turf(草地)
into
a
small
garden. 1 ?
Letthegrassgrow.
2
It
will
help
grass
survive
dry
periods
of
time
in
warmer
months.That’s
because
roots
will
grow
deeper
and
grass
thicker,which
means
fewer
pests,lessdisease,and
a
decreased
need
for
chemical
intervention.?
3 ?
You
can
act
before
10
a.m.,when
the
air
is
cool.Watering
in
late
afternoon
is
the
next
good
choice.Water
near
the
base
of
plants,slowly
delivering
the
good
stuff
right
to
the
roots.Forlawns,water
long
and
deep
once
a
week.
Getkeenoncomposting(肥料).
Compost
isn’t
called
gardener’s
gold
for
nothing.It
keeps
kitchen
leftover
out
of
landfills
and
enriched
soil
with
much-needed
nutrients. 4
Vegetables
and
tea
bags,eggshells,dry
leaves
are
all
fair
game.?
Givebeesthegreen-carpettreatment.
Honeybees
help
pollinate
75%
of
the
flowering
plants
and
nearly
75%
of
food
crops.Scientists
say
many
important
pollinators
are
disappearing.Creating
a
garden
with
plants
which
flower
at
different
times
of
the
year
will
benefit
pollinators
throughout
the
growing
season. 5 ?
A.Water
the
right
way.
B.Many
will
save
your
money
too.
C.Dry
leaves
add
nutrients
to
the
soil.
D.Make
the
backyard
as
beautiful
as
possible.
E.It
also
reduces
dependency
on
chemical
fertilisers.
F.Cut
grass
less
often,so
it
gets
a
few
inches
longer
than
you’re
used
to.
G.Wheneverpossible,choose
native
plants
with
a
variety
of
flower
colours
and
shapes.
答案1~5
BFAEGUNIT
5
WORKING
THE
LAND
SectionⅠ ReadingandThinking
课后·训练提升
一、单句语法填空
1.The
dish
in
this
restaurant
is
too
(salt)
for
me.?
答案salty
2.He
escaped
from
(real)
by
going
to
the
cinema
every
afternoon.?
答案reality
3.It
was
impossible
to
make
(assume)
about
people’s
reactions.?
答案assumptions
4.The
method
is
very
(convention)
but
very
useful.?
答案conventional
5.There’s
a
great
(short)
of
resource
materials
in
many
schools.?
答案shortage
6.He
devoted
himself
entirely
education.?
答案to
7.I
tried
to
convince
him
(stay),but
it
was
hopeless.?
答案to
stay
8.New
Zealand
is
composed
two
islands,the
larger
of
which
is
the
South
Island.?
答案of
9.I’m
afraid
I
have
no
alternative
but
(report)
you
to
the
police.?
答案to
report
10.Unlike
many
actors,he
never
enjoyed
his
(celebrate).?
答案celebrity
二、完成句子
1.现在许多学生花太多时间玩电脑游戏。
Nowadays
many
students
devote
computer
games.
答案too
much
time
to
playing
2.在缺乏经验的情况下,他们的工作已经算是做得相当不错了。
they’reinexperienced,they’ve
done
a
good
job.?
答案Given
that
3.你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作。
You’ll
need
to
for
the
job.?
答案convince
them
of
your
enthusiasm
4.科学家们正在努力地把这些奇怪的想法变成现实。
Scientists
are
working
hard
to
.?
答案turn
these
strange
ideas
into
realities
5.市场是由人组成的,全球市场也不例外。
Market
people
and
the
global
market
is
no
exception.?
答案is
comprised
of
三、阅读理解
(2019湖南娄底第一中学高一上学期期末)
“Farm
to
table”
is
the
name
of
a
movement
that
encourages
people
to
eat
locally
grown
food.The
farm-to-table
idea
has
become
more
popular
in
recent
years.But
there
is
also
a
group
that
brings
“table
to
farm”.Its
purpose
is
to
reconnect
people
to
the
land
and
to
honour
local
farmers
by
creating
a
sort
of
restaurant
without
walls.
Its
founder,JimDenevan,got
the
idea
for
this
kind
of
“culinary
adventure(美食探险)”,as
he
called
it,ten
years
ago.He
recently
prepared
tables
for
more
than
a
hundred
people
at
Briars
Farm
in
Virginia.He
and
his
eight-member
team
arrived
the
night
before.Chefs(厨师)
from
a
local
restaurant
prepared
the
dinner.
Jim
Denevan’s
brother
is
a
farmer
and
he
himself
is
a
chef.He
thought
that
the
idea
of
a
meal
served
right
on
the
farm
made
sense,though
not
everyone
agreed.
“But
I
wanted
to
make
the
idea
work,so
I
decided
to
cross
the
country,”
said
Denevan.“I
went
all
the
way
across
the
United
States
and
set
the
table
in
farms,ranches(大牧场)
and
on
beaches,and
all
the
places
where
food
comes
from.”
“This
kind
of
event
connects
us
with
a
lot
of
enthusiastic
people
whom
we
can
form
relationships
with,”
said
Matt
Szechenyi,who
operates
Briars
Farm.
The
tour
of
the
farm
ends
at
the
dinner
table.The
meats
in
the
meal
come
from
Matt
Szechenyi’sfarm.The
vegetables
come
from
nearby
farms.Guests
and
local
farmers
sit
together.
Annoica
Ingram
came
with
a
friend.“The
food
is
wonderful.I
appreciate
their
hard
work.I
see
everything
they
have
to
do
to
take
care
of
the
animals
and
make
sure
they
are
well
cared
for.Withoutthem,Ithink,we’ll
have
big
problems,”
she
said.
1.What
is
the
main
purpose
of
the
movement
“table
to
farm”?
A.To
provide
people
with
healthy
food.
B.To
help
farmers
earn
more
money.
C.Tohonour
farmers
for
their
hard
work.
D.To
encourage
people
to
work
less
and
practise
more.
答案C
解析推理判断题。第一段第三、四句提到,举办“餐桌到农场”这一活动的目的就是创建一个没有墙壁的餐厅,将人们与土地联系起来,并且尊重农民。由此推知,这项活动的目的是尊重农民的辛苦工作。故选C项。
2.Annoica’sattitudetowardsfarmers’workis .?
A.worried
B.grateful
C.doubtful
D.supportive
答案B
解析推理判断题。最后一段提到,非常感谢他们的辛勤工作,而且她还认为没有这些人的话,他们的生活将会有大麻烦。因此Annoica对农民应该持有一种感激的态度。故选B项。
3.Whatkindofwritingisthepassagelikelytobe?
A.Atravelguide.
B.Anewsreport.
C.Adiary.
D.Popularscience.
答案B
解析推理判断题。分析文章可知,文章开头介绍了该项活动的由来及目的,第二、三段介绍了该活动创始人的相关内容。最后一段引用了活动参与者的看法。符合新闻写作的结构及格式。B项符合文意,故选B项。
四、完形填空
There
are
lots
of
ways
to
raise
awareness
for
a
cause.Usually,the 1
the
idea
is,the
more
it
gets
noticed.And
that’s
precisely
why
one
2
Frenchman
has
caught
our
attention.?
Baptiste
Dubanchet
is
biking
across
Europe,surviving 3
on
discarded(丢弃)
food.The
three-month,1,900-mile
journey
from
Paris
to
Warsaw
is
Dubanchet’s 4
of
raising
awareness
of
food
waste
in
Europe
and
throughout
the
world.?
As
you
can
5 ,the
trip
is
no
piece
of
cake.While
restaurants
6
tons
of
food
each
year,much
of
it
remains
inaccessible
because
of
7
garbage
containers,healthregulations,or
business
policies.Only
about
one
in
ten
places
8
him
food
that
would
otherwise
be
discarded.For
legal
9 ,most
restaurants
have
a
policy
against
10
food
waste.“Some
people
have
even
11
their
jobs
by
giving
me
food,”Dubanchet
said.?
What’s
12
interesting
is
the
attitude
various
cities
have
towards
Dubanchet’scause.Berlin
has
been
the
13
while
the
most
difficult
was
the
Czech
town
of
Pilsen.There,he
had
to
14
at
some
50
different
stores
or
restaurants
before
finding
food.The 15
is
all
the
more
serious
when
you
consider
the
16
exercise
required
to
bike
from
France
to
Poland.?
“I
have
to
get
food
17
because
after
all
the
biking
I
am
tired
and
I
need
the
18 ,”Dubanchetexplained.“Is
my
19
full
or
empty?That
is
the
most
important
thing,not
what
I
am
eating.”?
He
aims
to
20
his
journey
by
mid-July.With
any
luck,he’ll
turn
a
few
more
heads
in
the
process.?
1.A.cleverer
B.older
C.stranger
D.simpler
答案C
解析根据第二段第一句中的“surviving ondiscarded(丢弃)food”可知,此处应填stranger,意为“想法越奇特,越能引起人们的注意”。?
2.A.garbage-eating
B.sports-loving
C.food-wasting
D.law-breaking
答案A
解析根据第二段第一句提到的“discarded(丢弃)food”可知,此处应填garbage-eating,意为“吃垃圾的”。
3.A.secretly
B.finally
C.entirely
D.probably
答案C
解析根据第三、四段讲述BaptisteDubanchet在旅行途中向餐馆要食物垃圾填饱肚子的艰辛可知,此处应选entirely,表示“完全靠丢弃的食物来生存”。
4.A.purpose
B.way
C.opinion
D.dream
答案B
解析根据第一段第一句“Therearelotsofwaystoraiseawarenessforacause.”可知,此处应选way,意为“方法,方式”。
5.A.observe
B.imagine
C.suggest
D.remember
答案B
解析根据本段讲述这次旅程的不容易可知,此处应选imagine,表示“正如你所想象的那样,这次旅程不容易”。
6.A.store
B.cook
C.shop
for
D.throw
away
答案D
解析根据本段第三句中的“foodthatwouldotherwisebediscarded”可知,应选择throwaway,表示“虽然每天餐馆要扔掉许多食物”。store“贮存”;cook“烹饪”;shopfor“购买”。
7.A.locked
B.damaged
C.connected
D.abandoned
答案A
解析根据空前的“muchofitremainsinaccessible”可知,餐馆扔掉的大多数都很难要到。所以选locked,即扔掉的食物被放在“封闭的”容器里。
8.A.bought
B.offered
C.ordered
D.sold
答案B
解析根据本段最后一句中的“givingmefood”可知,此处填offered,意为“给他提供要扔掉的食物”。
9.A.reasons
B.rights
C.fees
D.aids
答案A
解析根据该空后的“mostrestaurantshaveapolicyagainst”可知,此处填reasons,意为“原因,理由”。
10.A.begging
for
B.giving
away
C.hiding
D.causing
答案B
解析根据下一句中的“bygivingmefood”可知,此处应用givingaway,意为“赠送”。
11.A.did
B.kept
C.accepted
D.risked
答案D
解析根据上一句可知,大多数餐馆都有规定反对赠送食物,所以有些人冒着失去工作的风险给“我”食物,应填risked,意为“冒着……的风险”。
12.A.hardly
B.usually
C.particularly
D.merely
答案C
解析句意:特别有趣的是不同的城市对待Dubanchet的事业的态度。根据句意可知选C项。hardly“几乎不”;usually“通常”;particularly“尤其,特别地”;merely“仅仅,只”。
13.A.easiest
B.nearest
C.biggest
D.richest
答案A
解析根据空后的“whilethemostdifficultwastheCzechtownofPilsen”可知,与themostdifficult形成对比的应是easiest。
14.A.work
B.shout
C.ask
D.jump
答案C
解析向商店或餐馆索要食物,应用ask,意为“请求”。
15.A.competition
B.conversation
C.conflict
D.challenge
答案D
解析此句继续讲述他索要食物垃圾填饱肚子的难度,应填challenge,意为“挑战”。词组allthemore意为“更加”。
16.A.adequate
B.rewarding
C.demanding
D.suitable
答案C
解析句意:当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的运动量时,这种挑战就更加严峻。此处填demanding,意为“要求高的;费力的”。
17.A.again
B.alone
C.later
D.fast
答案D
解析根据空后的“becauseafterallthebikingIamtired...”可知,此时应该需要快点获得食物。由此判断,此处填fast,意为“快地”。
18.A.spirit
B.energy
C.time
D.effort
答案B
解析根据空前的“afterallthebikingIamtired”可知,“我需要能量”。此处填energy,意为“能量”。
19.A.stomach
B.hand
C.pocket
D.basket
答案A
解析句意:我的胃是满的还是空的?根据下一句“Thatisthemostimportantthing,notwhatIameating.”可知,此处填stomach,意为“胃”。
20.A.arrange
B.restart
C.report
D.finish
答案D
解析根据第二段第一句“BaptisteDubanchetisbikingacrossEurope...”,可知他的旅行正在进行中。由此判断,此处填finish,表示“结束,完成”。UNIT
5
WORKING
THE
LAND
SectionⅢ UsingLanguage,AssessingYourProgress&VideoTime
课后·训练提升
一、单句语法填空
1.They
had
no
alternative
but
(admit)
their
mistakes.?
答案to
admit
2.I
haven’t
looked
at
the
report
in
(deep)
yet.?
答案depth
3.The
audience
was
almost
(entire)
female.?
答案entirely
4.Do
you
know
how
much
you
spend
on
clothes
and
(grocery)
annually??
答案groceries
5.Some
of
these
(bacterium)
are
actually
good
for
you.?
答案bacteria
6.We
will
discuss
each
of
these
items
turn.?
答案in
7.What
would
you
do, instance,if
you
found
a
member
of
staff
stealing??
答案for
8.There
is
still
long
way
to
go
before
China
achieves
modernisation.?
答案a
9.There
is, addition,one
further
point
to
make.?
答案in
10.It
is
important
to
introduce
children
to
healthy
(nutrition)
foods
from
when
they
begin
to
eat
solids.?
答案nutritious
二、完成句子
1.他父母双亡,结果让他成了孤儿。
His
parents
died, an
orphan.?
答案leaving
him
2.这种颜色跟我找的那种差远了。
It’s
the
colour
I’m
looking
for.?
答案nowhere
near
3.我除了接受该项提议之外,别无选择。
I
had
no
alternative
the
offer.?
答案but
to
accept
4.请依次过来取你们的书。
Please
come
up
to
collect
your
books.?
答案in
turn
5.农民们采取措施使他们的庄稼免受病害。
The
farmers
take
measures
to
their
crops
disease.?
答案keep;free
from/of
三、阅读理解
(2019湖南张家界高一上学期期末)
Organic
food
is
very
popular.It
is
also
expensive.Some
organic
food
costs
twice
as
much
as
non-organic
food.Some
parents
and
pet
owners
pay
up
to
200
percent
more
for
organic
food
while
some
people
think
organic
food
is
a
waste
of
money.
There
is
one
main
difference
between
organic
and
non-organic
food.Organic
farming
does
not
use
agricultural
chemicals,such
as
pesticides.This
makes
sure
that
the
products
are
natural.
Some
people
think
“organic”
means
“locally
grown”.At
the
beginning,this
was
true.Over
time
organic
farming
became
more
difficult.The
demand
for
organic
food
grew
larger
than
the
supply.Small
companies
had
to
sell
out
to
large
companies.There
weren’t
enough
organic
materials.This
made
it
difficult
for
many
organic
companies
to
stay
in
business.Today,many
large
companies
have
an
organic
line
of
products.
Is
organic
food
more
nutritious?This
is
part
of
the
debate.Many
farmers
and
consumers
believe
it
is.They
think
agricultural
chemicals
cause
health
problems,such
as
cancer.Many
health
experts
disagree.Few
studies
prove
that
organic
food
prevents
health
problems.Health
experts
worry
more
about
bacteria.These
can
come
into
contact
with
organic
and
non-organic
food.Doctors
recommend
washing
produce
very
carefully.
Most
people
agree
that
naturally
grown
food
tastes
better.Is
tastier
food
worth
the
extra
money?This
is
a
matter
of
opinion.Whether
it
is
healthier
or
not
may
require
more
research.However,organic
consumers
argue
it
is
better
to
be
safe
than
sorry.
1.What
is
probably
the
major
concern
of
organic
food
consumers?
A.Price.
B.Safety.
C.Freshness.
D.Variety.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“However,organicconsumersargueitisbettertobesafethansorry.”可知,有机食品消费者们认为安全总比后悔好,所以愿意为了安全花更多的钱。结合选项,故选B项。
2.Whatisthedoctors’suggestion?
A.Growyourownfood.
B.Reducetheuseofpesticides.
C.Makesurethefoodisclean.
D.Buylargecompanies’products.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Doctorsrecommendwashingproduceverycarefully.”可知,医生建议要非常细心地清洗农产品。故选C项。
3.Whichofthefollowingdomostpeopleagreeonorganicfood?
A.Ittastesbetter.
B.Itiseasiertogrow.
C.Itcontainsmorefat.
D.Itismorenutritious.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter.”可知,大多数人同意自然生长的食物(即有机食品)味道更好。结合选项,故选A项。
4.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?
A.Ahealthmagazine.
B.Amedicalreport.
C.Achemistrypaper.
D.Amenuofarestaurant.
答案A
解析推理判断题。文章主要介绍了有机食物的有关信息,并提到了人们对于其营养、价格等方面的不同意见,属于饮食、健康方面的文章。结合选项,故选A项。
四、完形填空
Everything
speeds
up
with
people’s
lives.People
often
eat
fast
food
1 nice
meals
cooked
by
their
mother
2 .They
go
to
a
restaurant,where
the
meal
is
3 cooked.They
can
take
4
from
the
shelf
when
they
5 their
dollar
and
in
ten
minutes
eat
it
and
6 their
dinner.This
is
not
good
for
7 .People
move
a
great
8
from
city
to
city, 9
their
jobs.Airplanes
go
10 between
cities.Every
twenty-five
seconds
planes
are
taking
off
from
airports.When
people
move
11
the
cities,they
leave
their
old
friends
12 .They
leave
their
old
mother
and
father,theirchildren,and
leave
their
13 .People
become
without
roots,without
a
place
14 they
can
really
call
“home”.This
has
very
15 effects.One
thing
is
that
the
old
people
often
live
so
far
from
their
children. 16 they
become
old,there
is
nobody
to
17 them.Brothers
and
sisters
move
far
away
from
each
other.They
telephone
each
other. 18 become
very
scattered(分散的).Society
does
not
have
the
19 ways
any
more,the
ones
which
kept
people
20 together.Many
people
feel
rather
lonely
today.?
1.A.without
B.together
with
C.instead
of
D.as
答案C
解析快餐和妈妈在家做的香喷喷的饭菜只能取其一,所以选insteadof。togetherwith在句中指两种都吃;without在句中指快餐中不含妈妈做的饭菜;as是指“和……一样”。都不合题意。
2.A.at
school
B.at
home
C.in
the
hotel
D.in
the
restaurant
答案B
解析由首句可知,人们追求吃饭速度必然到饭店吃快餐,而不吃妈妈在家里做的可口饭菜。atschool“在学校”;athome“在家”;inthehotel“在旅馆”;intherestaurant“在餐馆”。
3.A.already
B.still
C.not
D.just
答案A
解析already“已经”;still“仍然”;not“没有”;just“刚”。结合句意“他们去饭菜已煮好的餐馆”,可知A项符合句意。
4.A.them
B.it
C.everything
D.little
答案B
解析该空替代上文的“meal”,因此用it。
5.A.put
B.get
C.set
D.pay
答案D
解析由下文的“theirdollar”反推该空应填pay,指付钱。put“放”;get“得到”;set“安置”。
6.A.finish
B.cook
C.fetch
D.bring
答案A
解析他们来饭店是吃饭的而不是做其他事。本句意为“他们十分钟之内就吃完饭”。finish“完成”;cook“煮饭,做饭”;fetch“去取来”;bring“带来”。
7.A.family
B.children
C.parents
D.business
答案A
解析人们都到外面吃饭,必然对家庭不利。
8.A.many
B.much
C.deal
D.far
答案C
解析agreatdeal意为“许多”。many不能修饰动词;much和far不与agreat连用。
9.A.doing
B.do
C.changing
D.change
答案C
解析人们频繁更换地点是由于更换工作。动词原形不能做状语,因此应用动词change的动词-ing形式。
10.A.usually
B.immediately
C.constantly
D.fast
答案C
解析由下文“Everytwenty-fivesecondsplanesaretakingofffromairports.”反推该空应填constantly。
11.A.out
B.to
C.in
D.around
答案B
解析此句意为“他们搬到城市去”。搬到某个地方为moveto。
12.A.behind
B.away
C.out
D.off
答案A
解析当人们搬迁到各个城市时,他们将离开老朋友,用leave...behind。leaveout意为“遗漏”;leaveoff意为“停止”。
13.A.friends
B.parents
C.teachers
D.students
答案A
解析与人们关系密切的人除了父母、孩子之外就是朋友了。parents前面已提到,而teachers和students不如friends与人们的关系密切。
14.A.which
B.how
C.where
D.that
答案D
解析that为关系代词,在句中引导定语从句,先行词aplace指地点且在定语从句中做宾语。
15.A.bad
B.surprising
C.exciting
D.great
答案A
解析人们离开亲人朋友频繁搬迁当然会产生不良后果。bad“坏的”;surprising“令人惊讶的”;exciting“令人兴奋的”;great“伟大的,很棒的”。
16.A.If
B.When
C.Since
D.Because
答案B
解析根据题意,本题讲的是一般事实,没有假设意味,所以不能用A项,C、D两项表示因果关系,在此意义不符。
17.A.look
at
B.look
after
C.look
down
D.look
out
答案B
解析老人离子女很远以至于当他们变老时没有人来照料他们。
18.A.Families
B.Societies
C.Cities
D.Towns
答案A
解析由上文的“Brothersandsisters”搬得越来越远,说明家庭分散开了。family“家庭”;society“社会”;city“城市”;town“城镇”。
19.A.new
B.old
C.easy
D.same
答案B
解析本文主要讲新旧两种生活方式的对比,这里指的是以前的事情,所以用old。new“新的”;old“以前的,旧的”;easy“轻松的”;same“相同的”。
20.A.close
B.near
C.strange
D.friendly
答案A
解析旧的生活方式曾使人们那么亲近。close可表示人们之间关系亲密;near只能表示距离近;strange“陌生的,奇怪的”;friendly“友好的”。
