小升初英语总复习--词类 介词课件（95张幻灯片）

目录
1.导入、图例思考
2.介词用法口诀表
3.时间介词及速记歌
4.地点介词
5.方位介词、方位图
6.其他用法-方式介词及材料用法
7.介词的固定搭配
8.不用介词的情况
介词
回目录页
表示方位的常见词组:
on the desk
on the floor
in the box
in the classroom
under the table
behind the sofa
behind the chair
next to the TV
next to the door
在桌子上
在地板上
在盒子里
在教室里
在桌子下面
在沙发后面
在椅子后面
在电视旁边
在门旁边
介词的主要分类：
1. at the cinema, in the hospital __________
2. Write with a pen, by bus ___________
3. in summer, on September 1st ___________
4. by the way, at last, in the end ___________
地点介词
方式介词
时间介词
固定搭配
回目录页
介词举例思考及
图示说明
回目录页
观察题目中介词的位置，思考什么是介词
它的作用是什么？
1.Look at me.( )
2.He goes to school by bike.( )
3.He is interested in drawing.( )
4.The book is on the desk.( )
代词
名词
动名词
介词:通常用在_________、_______、_______
之前，表示某个人、事物/东西、事件与
另一个之间的_________。
名词
代词
名词
动名词
关系
回目录页
Lucy
Lily
Mary
Sunny
Kitty
between
next to
Tommy
in front of
behind
词汇大阅兵--让我们先来把耳朵和眼睛唤醒
on the right
on the left
回目录页
A
B
C
on
under
between
D
near
behind
E
in front of
F
One
Two
in the front of
on
in
under
fall off/down from the tree
Michael’s neighborhood
Fifth
Ave
Pine Street
Supermarket
House
Hotel
go (straight) along
Michael’s neighborhood
Fifth
Ave
Pine Street
Supermarket
House
Hotel
Turn right
Michael’s neighborhood
Fifth
Ave
Pine Street
Supermarket
House
Hotel
Turn left
回目录页
年、月、周前要用in
in 1998, in May, in this week, 日子前面却不行
遇到某天要用on
on Saturday, on my birthday, on Children’s Day
上、下午晚上用in
in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening
要说某日上下午，用on 换in 才能行
on Monday morning
at用在夜、时间前
at night, at 6:00, at 12:13
说“差”要用to 来顶
8:50 ten to nine
说“过”要用past
8:10 ten past eight
小处at,大处in
at the door, at home, at school
in the world, in China, in Beijing
步行、骑马、左右on
on foot, on a horse, on the left, on the right
收音、电话、值日on
on the radio, on the phone, on duty
交通工具要用by
by bike, by plane
医院、班级、人在床，常用in来表示在
In the hospital, in my class, in bed
（人待在床上常用in, 而东西在床上常用on）
常见介词用法口诀表
回目录页
时间介词
on在具体某一天或某一天的某个时间
at，在某一个时间点
in，在......年，月，季节，早上，下午，晚上
from...to，从......到......
for 持续一段时间
before 在......之前
after在......之后
回目录页
时间介词
1.at six o’clock, at noon, at that time, at half past three, at mid-night...
2.on Sunday, on New Year’s Day, on March 21st, on my birthday... on the afternoon of May 1, on a cold morning
3.in three days, in a week, in a month, in May,
in 1998, in a century...
表示点钟或具体一点时间用 at
表示具体的某一天用 on
表示表示周、月、季节、年大于一天的时间用 in
表示时间的介词
at
at 7o'clock;at 9:15
具体时刻
at lunch time,at tea break
用餐时间
at Christmas，at Easter
节日
at ten，at the age of ten
年龄
at noon，at night
在正午，在夜间
表示时间的介词
on
on Monday
星期几
on Monday afternoon
星期一的下午
on May 1st
日期，具体某天
on the morning of January 22nd
日期的上午
on Children's Day
节日当天
表示时间的介词
in
in the morning
泛指某天的上午、下午
in September
月份
in 2010
年份
in spring
季节
in her twenties
在她二十多岁时
表示时间的介词
before 表示在某一时间或某事件之前
after 表示在某一时间或某事件之后
My uncle will come to my home in three days.
I always brush my teeth before going to bed.
My grandma often takes a walk after supper.
in+一段时间，表示一段时间之后，用于将来
时间名词前所用介词的速记歌
??? 年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。
?????遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in。
?????要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。
?????午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错。
?at也用在时间点数前，
说“差”可要用上to，说“过”只可使用past
????多说多练牢牢记，
?????莫让岁月空蹉跎。
表示时间的介词
1. in用法：在某年、某季节、某月、某世 纪的年代等
固定短语前用介词 in。
in 1995，in spring，in October，
in the 1990’s (在20世纪90年代 )，
in the morning，in the afternoon，
in the evening...



2.on用法：在某日，星期几，（某年）某月某日，特定的早上、下午、晚上，或有修饰语的时间前用 on
on the third，on Monday，on July 1,1921.
on the morning of June 1，on Saturday afternoon，
on the early summer，on the late afternoon...
　　
3.at用法 : 在几点钟和一些固定短语中，用介词 “at”。
at eight，at noon，at night...
4.for用法: 表示一段时间。
　I have been in Beijing for four years．
我在北京呆了四年。
Is it all right if I use it for a minute?
我能使用一下它吗？
5.after用法：表示“在......之后”。
After seven the rain began to fall．
雨是7点钟以后开始下的。
6.from...to...用法: 表示从某一点时间到另一点时间的一段时间
My mother studied in Beijing University
from 1960 to 1964.
注意：不用介词表示时间的词或词组
含this, that, last, next 的表示时间的名词词组,以及某些时间的副词或名词词组前不用介词,如：this year , last summer , yesterday ,the day after tomorrow 等。
回目录页
Exercises
1.I was born ____ November 15th,2002.
A.in B.on C. at
2._____a cold winter morning ,a farmer went to the farm alone.
A.In B.At C.On
B
C
1.She works in the park _____ morning to evening.
A. from B. to C. in
2. When do you have English?
We have English ______ Mondays and Wednesdays.
A. at B. in C. on
3. We don’t have English class ______ Saturday morning.
A. on B. for C. in
学以致用
A
C
A
4. Her father came to Beijing ______ 2008
A. on B. in C. with
5. My parents lived in the countryside ______ 20 years.
A. for B. of C. to
B
A
回目录页
地点介词
回目录页
地点介词
on 在......上面,表面接触
at 在某一个小地点
in 在......里面
under 在......下方，表面不接触
near 在附近
in front of 在......前面
behind 在......后面
beside 在......旁边
表地点位置的介词
1. over与above (under与below)
on，over，above都表示“在............的上面”，
on 表示“在某事物表面上”
over表示“正上方”，
above只表示“在上方”但不一定在“正上方”。
over under，
above below ．
There is a bridge over the river
Our plane flew above the clouds．

On
On
On
Over
Under
Above
Below
2.at, in
at通常指小地方，in一般指大地方。
We’ll meet at the supermarket .
I had to stay in the supermarket as it was raining
hard.
3.after, behind
after 指顺序先后
behind 指位置在某事物之后，相对于in front of 而言
He entered the classroom after the teacher.
He hid himself behind the door.
地点介词
1.at the village , at home, at the corner of the street...
______________________
2.in Shanghai , in the country, in Asia, in the world, in space...
_______________________
3. in the box, on the chair, under the desk, next to Kate, on the right of Lucy, in front of the house, behindthe door...
____________________________
表示小地方用at
表示大地方用in
表示不同地方用具体不同的介词
1.在广州 _______ Guangzhou 2.在电影院 _______ the cinema
3.在湖边 _______ the lake 4.在海里 _______ the sea
5.树上的苹果 apples ______ the tree
6.树上的小鸟 birds ______ the tree
7.在天空上 ______ the sky
8.在教室外___________the classroom
9.在农场上 ________ the farm
10.在街道上 ________ the street
填上正确的地方介词：
in
at
by
in
on
in
in
outside
on
in
0ff
fall / jump off the tree
in the tree
on the tree
1.The cat is _____ the tree.
A. on B. in C. at
2.The apples ____ the tree are red and big.
A. at B. in C. on
3.Tom was sitting ____ my left when we saw the film yesterday.
A. on B. at C. in
4.She will lives _______ Beijing Street.
A. on B. in C. at
5.She lives _____ Nanjing Road.
A. in B. on C. at
学以致用
B
C
A
B
A
回目录页
方位介词讲与练
方位是什么？有哪些方位？
上，下，左，右，里，外……
回目录页
常见方位介词
from 从......来
along 沿着......
up 向上
down 向下
between 两者之间
above 在......上方
over 在正上方
into 进来
out of 出来
to 朝......去
表示空间和方位的介词
at
at home,at school,at the party,at the airport
用于建筑物、机场、车站等较小范围的地点
in
in the world,in America ,
in our ciry
用于国家，城市等较大范围的地点
My father will arrive ___Beijing the day after tomorrow.
in
on,above,over,below,under
在...上面，有接触面
在...下方，不接触，不强调是否垂直
在...上方，不接触，不强调是否垂直
在...正上方，不接触，垂直
在...的下面，不接触，但垂直
In English
英语中有哪些介词可以表示方位？
表示上面，下面，里面：on, under, in, over
表示前，后，中间：in front of, behind, between
表示相邻，旁边: near, beside, next to
on, under, in, over
on:在……上面
over:在......上方
under：在......下面
in:在......里面
练一练：translate sentences
1.电脑在书桌上面。The computer is on the desk.
2. 墙上有一面镜子。There is a mirror on the wall.
3. 你在哪里呢？我在房间里。
-Where are you? -I’m in the room.
4. 看！球在椅子下面。Look! The ball is under the chair.
5. 河上面有一座桥。There is a bridge over the river.
in front of, behind, between
in front of:在......前面
behind:在......后面
between:在两者之间
注意：between表示在.......之间，但仅仅是两者之间。
between还有抽象的用法。
near, beside, next to
near:在......附近(有距离）
beside:与......紧挨着（通常是左右)
Next to:与......相邻(通常有顺序关系）
我的座位在门旁边。
My seat is near the door.
那条公路紧挨着河流。
The road is beside the river.
书店和图书馆相邻。
The bookstore is next to the library.
练一练：请用in front of, behind, between 和near, beside, next to描述教室中人，物之间的方位关系。
e.g. 赵老师在墙壁前面。
Mr. Zhao is in front of the wall.
徒手操游戏（Free standing exercises)
1. 一手握拳，一手摊开
2. 说"on"时，握拳的手放在摊开的手上；
3. 说"in"时，摊开的手包住握拳的手；
4. 说"under"时，握拳的手放在摊开的手下；
5. 说"beside"时，握拳的手放在摊开的手旁边；
6. 说"behind"时，握拳的手放在摊开的手后；
7. 说"between"时，摊开两手放在头边。
Game Time
The cat is behind the fish bowl.
The cat is under the fish bowl.
The cat is on the fish bowl.
The cat is in the fish bowl.
at,by,beside,next,near
at,by,beside均表示在......旁边
next to 表示紧靠......的旁边
near表示在......的附近
She sat by her mother. 她靠着她妈妈坐下
The music room is nest to our classoom.
音乐教室在我们教室的隔壁。
There is a supermarket near my home.
我家附近有一家超市。
between，among
He stood between his two brothers. 他站在他两个哥哥的中间。
between表示在两者之间
He sat among his toys.
他坐在他的玩具中间。
among表示在三者或三者以上的中间
in，to
Shanghai is in the east of China.
上海在中国的东部。
in 表示某物或某地在一个区域内
Japan is to the east of China.
日本在中国的东面。
to表示某事物或某地相对于另一事物或地方的位置
区分in和on
There is a photo on the newspaper.
(表示照片在报纸的上方，照片不是报纸的内容)
There is a photo in the newspaper.
(表示报纸上有张照片，照片是报纸的内容)
There is a bird____the tree.
There is an apple ____the tree.
in
on
in front of,in the front of
Don't stand in front of the bus.
不要站在公交车的前面。
in front of 表示在某一空间外部的前面。
反义词为behind
Don't sit in the front of the bus.
不要坐在公交车的前排。
in the front of 表示在某一空间内部的前面。
反义词为at the back of
across ,through 两者均表示穿过
walk across the road穿过马路
go through the tunnel 穿过隧道
Dudu jumped ______ my legs and looked out of the window.
A. along B. up C. to
2. There are some big apple trees ___ the house.
A. next B. near C. near to
3. The child pointed ____ the polar star(北极星)
A. to B. in C. on
4. Please go ______ the road.
A. between B. above C. along
5. Tears ran _____ her face.
A. up B. from C. down
学以致用
B
B
A
C
C
回目录页
表示方式、手段和工具等的介词
by +交通工具 表示乘坐......车
by +动词ing形式 表示通过某种方式
in + 语言 表示用......语言
with 表示用......工具，和......一起，伴随......
in + 颜色 表示穿某种颜色的衣服
回目录页
He cut the cake _____ a knife.
A. on B. with C. in
2. He makes a living _____ teaching.
A. by B. with C. in
3. Can you speak it ______ English?
A. with B. in C. on
4. I went shopping ____ my friends yesterday.
A. for B. with C. of
5. Who is the girl _____ red.
A. in B. for C. on
学以致用
B
A
B
B
A
介词的其它用法
for 为了、由于
like 像
to 给、对于
回目录页
介词表示手段和材料
回目录页
表示手段和材料的介词
Lucy always goes to school by bus.
表示用某种方式，多用于交通。（零冠词）
They talked on the telephone.
以...方式，多用于固定词组
I often do my homework with a ball pen.
表示用某种工具（必须用冠词或物主代词）
表示手段和材料的介词
She wrote the letter in pink.
They talk in English.
The boy in black is our monitor.
表示用某种材料（零冠词）、语言或穿...颜色的衣服
The box is made of wood.
Wine（红酒） is made from grapes.
表示成品仍可看出原材料
表示成品看不出原材料
Exercises
Please fill in the form ____ pen first.
A.in B.with C. by
Paper is made_____wood.
A.of B.on C.from
A
C
表示“用” 的介词
with 多指用工具，用身体的部位或器官；
by 表示使用的方法、手段；
in 指使用某种语言。
We see with our eyes.
We go there by bike
Please say it out in English.
He cut it open with a knife.
方式介词
方式介词
1.write with a pen, cut with a knife...
______________________________________
2.see with our eyes, do with our hands,smell with our noses,eat with our mouths...
________________________________________
3.in English ,in French ,in your own words,
in three language...
________________________________________
使用工具用介词 with
使用器官用介词 with
使用语言用介词 in
4. in a loud voice, in a low voice......

_______________________________
5. in this way, in these ways , by this means...

___________________________________________
6.by bike, by bus, by train, by plane, by ship, by car... (on foot)
___________________________________
使用声音用介词 in
使用方法用介词 in 或 by
使用交通工具用 by
7.in a red coat, the girl in yellow, the boy in white... ______________________
8.lie in bed, after a while, in the sun ( )
表示穿衣服用 in
固定搭配
回目录页
(5)She is a friend _____ (of,to )my sisters.
Exercise：
1.选择括号内恰当的介词填空
(1)What’s this ________(at,in) English?
(2)Children’s Day is ________(on,in) the 1st of June.
(3)Look at the monkeys ____ (in,on) the tree.(外来物）
(4)Tom doesn’t do well ____ (in,at)Math.
in
in
in
on
of
(6)Please call me _______ （to,at) 234-79865.
(7)Here’s a nice picture _______ (with,for) you.
(8)The little girl is looking________ her mother.
(9)Thank you ________ your help.
(10)Don’t read ________ bed.
at
for
in
for
for
2.单项选择：
2.Here are some flowers______ our best wishes.
A.to B.with C. for
3.Bob was born ______May 12,1999.
A.in B.at C.on
4.Li Lei and Jane meet ______.
A.at the morning B.in the morning C.on the morning
B
C
B
回目录页
1.____weekends,I often go ____ movies ____ my friends, Mike.
2.What events do you have ____ your school ?
3.I stay ____ home and look ____ pictures ____ Beijing Opera?
4.____ a word, I can learn a lot _____ Chinese history.
5.I usually go ____school ____ seven o’clock.
6.He listens ____ music ____ TV ____ the morning.
介词总动员-句子填介词
On
to
with
at
at
at
of
In
about
to
at
to
on
in
回目录页
Do you remember them?
在......岁时___ the age of
有时___ times
开始,在......起初___the beginning of
此刻 ___ the moment = now
在......结尾,在......尽头___ the end of
例如____ example
匆忙地 ___ a hurry
到......的时候 ____ the time
从......到......_____...___...
在户外,在野外 ___ the open air

at
at
at
at
at
for
in
by
from
to
in
相邻，靠近 next ___ 将来 ___ the future
由于,幸亏 thanks ___ 过了一会儿 _______ a while 在地球上 ___ earth 遍及 all_____
下课/放学/下班后 ______ class/school/work
展出 ___ show 值日 ___ duty
独立, 单独 all ___ oneself
令(某人)惊讶 ___ one’s surprise
to
in
to
after
on
after
on
on
by
to
over
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介词的固定搭配
回目录页
介词的固定搭配 1.at 的固定搭配
at noon 在中午
at night 在夜晚
at that time 在那时
at school 在学校
at home 在家
at the foot of 在......脚下
at the age of 在......岁时
arrive at/in 到达
at first 起初；开始
at last 最后
at the moment 此刻
laugh at 嘲笑
at present 现在
at work 上班
at the same time 同时
look at 看；注视
be good at 善于
at most 至多
at least 至少
at once 立刻；马上
3.on 的固定搭配
on time 准时
on the playground
在操场上
on duty 值日
on Monday/Tuesday
在星期一/星期二
on holiday 度假
on the left/right 在左/右边
on the radio
在广播中
on foot 步行
on sale （降价）出售
on TV
在电视上播放
on the phone
在电话中
on the way
在路上
2.in 的固定搭配
in time 及时
in a hurry 匆忙
in the sky 在空中
in bed 在床上
in the end 在最后
be interested in 对......感兴趣
in the morning/afternoon/evening
in spring/summer/autumn/winter
in January/February
in all 总体
in English 用英语
in short 总之
in the end 最后
in danger 在危险中
in class 在课堂上
in fact 事实上
in a minute 立刻
in order to 为了
4.其他常见短语的固定搭配
get off 下车
get up 起床
help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事
ask for 请求
learn from 向......学习
look after 照顾
look for 寻找
think for 想到
worry about 担心
listen to 听
talk about 交谈；谈论
wait for 等候；等待
thank for 为......而感谢
be afraid of
对......很着迷
be careful with 小心
be good for 对......有利
be late for 由于某事迟到
be proud o 感到自豪
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in
（1）在......里
My mother told me to stay in the car.
我妈妈让我在车里等她。
（2）穿着，带着
The boy in red is my bother.
那个穿红衣服的是我哥哥。
（3）在......期间
She will come in two or three days.
她两三天内来。
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from
(1)自，从
We go to school from Monday to Friday.
我们从周一到周五上课。
（2）从......来
She is from America.
她从美国来。
like
（1）像......一样
She looks like her mother.
她看上去像她妈妈。
（2）这样，那样
Do it like this.
像这样做。
on
（1）在......上
There is a book on the desk.
桌子上有一本书。
（2）在......旁
She lives in a building on the main street.
她住在临大街的一栋房子里。
（3）在......情况下
I picked up a pen on my way home.
我在回家的路上拾到支笔。
with
（1）和......一起
He came here with his father.
他和他爸爸一起来的。
（2）用
I write a letter with this pen.
我用这支笔写的信。
（3）用于描述事物
the girl with glasses戴眼镜的女孩
about
（1）关于
The book is about the history of China.
这本书是关于中国历史的。
（2）大约
It’s about five o’clock.
现在大约7点钟。
after
（1）模仿
Read after me.跟我读。
（2）在......以后
I always have a walk after supper.
我总是晚饭后散步。
before
（1）在......前面
She sits before me.
她坐在我面前。
（2）在......之前
You should get everything well
before leaving.
你应该在出发之前把东西 准备好。
by
(1)在......旁边
There is a cat by the tree. 树边有只猫。
（2）到......为止
By the end of this month, I’ll have read all
those books.
到这个月底我将读完那些书。
（3）用（方法，手段）
I often go to school by bus.
我经常坐车去上学。
She made a living by painting.
她以画画为生。
for
（1）表示一段时间
for two weeks 有两周了
（2）为了，表目的
I made a doll for my sister.
我给我妹妹做了个娃娃。
（3）因为，由于
Thank you for listening.
谢谢听讲。
（4）往，向（表示去向）
They left for Hong Kong last week.
他们上周去香港了。
at
(1)在某一时刻
at five 在5点
at midnight 在午夜
（2）在......岁时
at the age of 12 在12岁的时候
（3）在......期间
at night 在晚上
at Christmas 在圣诞节期间（不仅当天）
（4）在......地点
She is waiting for me at the bus station.
她在车站等我呢。
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不用介词的几种情况
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在下列情况下，时间状语前不用介词：
1.当时间状语是today, tonight, yesterday, the day before yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon/evening, tomorrow, tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening等时。
She went to the park yesterday.
I’ll be free tomorrow morning.
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2.含有this, that, these, those, last, next, every, each等的时间状语不用介词。
We are going to play basketball this afternoon.
I saw him in the street last Sunday.
My mother gets up early every morning.
We are working on the farm these days.
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