(共55张PPT)
中考英语复习语法专题
有声有色–
副词
通用版
2021
2021年3月
副词是什么？
副词是在句中表示行为或状态的时间、地点、程度、方式等的词；
副词一般用于修饰动词、形容词、其它副词等；
副词在句中主要作状语；
目录
CONTENTS
副词的构成
A
副词的分类
B
副词的位置
C
比较等级
D
易混副词辨析
E
副词的构成
PART
01
了解副词
01
副词的构成
简单副词：由单个副词组成；
ago,
late,
ever,
even,
very,
never,
yet
…
派生副词：由词根+词缀构成；
slowly,
beautifully,
politely,
seriously
…
复合副词：由两人上或两个以上简单词构成；
whatever,
however,
anyway,
inside
…
副词的分类
PART
02
七兄弟
02
副词的分类
——
时间
副词
词义
副词
词义
now
现象
then
然后
today
今天
yesterday
昨天
before
从前
ago
……之前
soon
很快
lately
最近
already
已经
later
后来
tonight
今晚
just
刚才
副词的分类
——
地点
副词
词义
副词
词义
inside
在里边
outside
在外边
up
在上面
far
在远处
there
在那里
here
在这里
abroad
在国外
home
在家
upstairs
在楼上
downstairs
在楼下
nowhere
哪里都不
anywhere
任何地方
副词的分类
——
方式
副词
词义
副词
词义
quickly
快速地
happily
高兴地
politely
礼貌地
normally
正常地
simply
简单地
proudly
自豪地
luckily
幸运地
fast
快速地
calmly
冷静地
slowly
缓慢地
easily
容易地
loudly
大声地
副词的分类
——
程度
副词
词义
副词
词义
very
很，非常
quite
相当
almost
几乎
really
十分
pretty
相当
exactly
准确地
too
太
much
非常
so
如此
rather
相当
副词的分类
——
频度
never
从不
seldom
很少
Sometimes
从不
often
经常
usually
通常
always
总是
副词的分类
——
顺序
副词
词义
副词
词义
first
首先
secondly
第二
thirdly
第三
then
然后
next
接着
last
最后
finally
最后
afterwards
后来
副词的分类
——
引导
引导句子
例句
宾语从句
I
don’t
know
how
old
he
is.
定语从句
This
is
the
factory
where
I
have
worked
for
more
than
30
years.
感叹句
How
important
teamwork
is!
其它
I
won’t
go
shopping.
Besides,
I
have
no
money.
副词的位置
PART
03
非主流
03
副词的位置
一般位于被修饰的形容词或副词之前，如：
very
beautiful
非常漂亮
quite
successful
相当成功
too
much
太多
much
too
太
rather
usual
相当平常
要注意enough修饰形容词或副词时，位于被修饰词之后，如：
strong
enough
足够强大
副词的位置
频度副词放在助动词、情态动词和系动词之后，实义动词之前；如：
She
usually
takes
a
bus
to
school.
She
is
always
kind
to
me.
The
program
has
never
been
shown.
副词的位置
程度副词修饰动词时，可位于之前或之后；如：
You
really
are
my
good
friend.
You
are
really
my
good
friend.
时间、地点等副词要表示强调，可以放在句首，用逗号隔开；如：
Tomorrow,
I’m
going
to
see
the
film.
副词的顺序
时间与地点副词同时出现，时间副词在后。两者不可以同时放句首。
He
is
here
today.
Today,
he
is
here.
今天他在这里。
副词的顺序
多个副词修饰同一实义动词时，要强调其方式、态度、程度，需将强调的副词放在动词前。
She
very
carefully
wrote
each
of
the
letters
of
her
name.
她非常认真地写下她名字的每一个字母。
副词的顺序
方式副词并列时，一般短在前，长在后，并由and或but等连词连接。
He
picked
up
the
brush
and
started
painting
slowly
and
carefully.
他拿起画笔，开始慢慢地、细心地画画。
比较等级
PART
04
三级跳
04
原级，比较级与最高级
类型
意义
构成方式
示例
原级
…的
原形
early,
slowly
比较级
更…的
规则
earlier,
more
slowly
不规则
better,
less
最高级
最…的
规则
earliest,
most
slowly
不规则
best,
least
比较级和最高级的规则变化
构成方法
原级
比较级
最高级
直接在词尾加?er,
?est
fast
以不发音的字母e结尾的加?r,
?st
later
faster
tallest
later
latest
比较级和最高级的规则变化
构成方法
原级
比较级
最高级
辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i，再加?er,
?est
early
在有些双音节词和多音节词前加more,
most
carefully
earlier
earliest
more
carefully
most
carefully
副词比较等级的不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
well
________
________
badly
________
________
much
________
________
little
________
________
far
_________________
_____________
better
best
worse
worst
more
most
less
least
farther/further
farthest/furthest
副词比较等级的用法
用于“as
+
副词原级
+
as”结构：
People
work
as
hard
as
they
did
before.
人们还像以前一样努力工作。
She
doesn’t
get
to
school
as
early
as
Jack.
她不像Jack那样早到校。
副词比较等级的用法
表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更……”时，用句型“Which/Who?动词
＋
副词比较级，A?or?B？”表示。
Who
do
you
think
runs
faster,
Tom
or
Jim?
你认为谁跑得更快点，Tom
还是
Jim？
副词比较等级的用法
“the
+
比较级，
the
+
比较级”，意为“越…，就越…”，表示一方随着另一方的变化而变化。
The
more
you
practice,
the
better
you
will
learn.
你练习得越多，就会学得越好。
副词比较等级的用法
“副词比较级
+
and
+
副词比较级”，意为“越来越…”，表示人或事物本身持续的变化。
China
is
developing
faster
and
faster.
中国正发展得越来越快。
副词比较级表达最高级意义
副词比较级
+
than
+
any
other
+可数名数名词单数
+
比较范围”，表示最级的概念
Cuba
spends
less
on
education
than
any
other
country
in
the
world.
此种用法类似于形容词比较级表高级的用法。
副词最高级的用法
“the
+
副词最高级
+
比较范围”，意为“……中最……地”，the
可省略。
He
did
the
homework
(the)
most
carefully
of
all
his
friends.
他是所有的朋友中做作业最认真的一个。
副词最高级的用法
表示三者及以上之间进行选择“哪一个最……”时，用句型“Which/Who?动词
＋
副词最高级，A,
B?or?C？”表示。
Which
season
do
you
like
best,
spring,
summer,
fall
or
winter?
副词辨析
PART
05
一语中的
05
how的搭配
搭配
用法
例句
how
many
问数量
How
many
cards
do
you
have?
how
much
How
much
water
is
there?
问价格
How
much
is
the
bike?
how
long
问长度
How
long
is
the
river?
how
often
问频度
How
often
do
you
watch
TV?
how的搭配
搭配
用法
例句
how
far
问距离
How
far
is
it
from
here?
how
soon
问多快
How
soon
will
you
graduate?
how
old
问年龄
How
old
are
you?
how
wide
问宽度
How
wide
is
your
desk?
试一试
-
How
much
are
the
balls?
-
Fifty
yuan.
-
How
long
is
the
Great
Wall?
–
About
5,000
km.
-
How
often
do
you
go
shopping?
-
Once
a
week.
-
How
soon
will
you
be
back?
–
In
five
days.
-
How
old
is
the
tree?
-
About
10
years.
-
How
long
have
you
been
like
this?
-
Two
weeks.
-
How
far
is
the
bank
from
here?
-
About
100
meters.
-
How
many
apples
do
we
need?
–
One
kilo.
-
How
much
water
is
in
the
bottle?
–
Little.
aloud\loud\loudly
副词
辨意义
析用法
aloud
出声地
与shout,
call,
cry等动词连用，表示声音大；与read,
think等连用时，表示“出声”；
loud
响亮地
与talk,
speak,
sing,
laugh等连用；
强调音量大，传播距离远；
loudly
喧闹地
与任何发声动词连用，强调嘈杂喧闹。
试一试
It
is
impolite
to
speak
and
laugh
loudly
in
public.
Do
you
learn
English
by
reading
aloud
?
I
improve
my
pronunciation
by
listening
to
a
tape
and
repeating
out
loud
.
already/yet/still
副词
辨意义
析用法
already
已经
一般用于完成时的肯定句；
有时用于疑问句表惊奇、怀疑等；
yet
已经、仍、还
一般用于否定句和疑问句的末尾
still
仍然、还
一般位于句中
试一试
I
know
you’re
smart,
but
you
still
need
to
do
more
exercises.
Have
you
read
the
book
yet
?
What
he
said
was
already
recorded
by
the
police.
either/too/also/as
well
副词
辨意义
析用法
either
也
否定句末，逗号隔开
too
也
肯定句末，逗号隔开
also
也
肯定句或疑问句中，系动词、助动词和情态动词后，实义动词前
as
well
也
肯定句或疑问句末，多用于口语，与too互换
试一试
They
also
did
a
lot
of
research
about
their
culture.
There
weren’t
many
buses,
either.
I
like
this
coat,
and
I
like
that
one,
too
.
Our
hometown
has
many
places
of
interest
as
well.
fast/quick/quickly/soon
副词
辨意义
析用法
fast
快地
人或物体的运动速度快
quick
快的
强调行动的敏捷，而非频率
quickly
快速地
指反应快或短时间内快速完成某事
soon
不久
常用于一般将来时，着重指时间方面的快
most/mostly/almost
副词
辨意义
析用法
most
最
much的最高级；
部分双音节、多音节的形容词副词前，构成最高级
很、非常
加强语气，相当于very，前面不加定冠词the
mostly
大部分、主要地
修饰动词或介词短语，相当于mainly
almost
几乎、差不多
相当于very
nearly；
可与no,
none,
nobody,
never等表示否定意义的词连用
nearly/hardly/hard
副词
辨意义
析用法
nearly
几乎、差不多
不与否定词连用
hardly
几乎不
否定意义，实义动词之前，系动词、助动词和情态动词之后
hard
努力地、紧紧地、猛烈地
置于动词后
too
much/much
too/too
many
副词
辨意义
析用法
too
much
太多
副词：太多
形容词：修饰不可数名词
much
too
太、非常
修饰形容词或副词
too
many
太多
形容词，修饰可数名词复数
试一试
It
is
much
too
expensive
for
us
students.
Do
you
know
there
are
too
many
tourists
there
in
this
season?
Doctors
say
too
much
pressure
is
not
good
for
a
child’s
development.
perhaps/maybe/probably/possibly/likely
副词
辨意义
析用法
perhaps
也许
常位于句首，表达可能性较小
maybe
也许
常位于句首，多用于口语
probably
很可能
可能性较大，多用于肯定句和疑问句中
possibly
或许
语气比probably弱，多与情态动词和助动词连用
likely
可能
常用于
be
likely
to
do
可能做某事；作副词，常与most或very连用。
sometime/sometimes/some
time/some
times
副词
辨意义
析用法
sometime
某一时间
表示过去或将来某个不确定的时间
sometimes
有时
描述现在或过去时常发生的情况
some
time
一段时间
time表示时间，是不可数名词
some
times
几次/倍
time表示次/倍，是可数名词
试一试
Some
time
ago,
people
did
not
have
many
choices
about
their
job.
The
man
tried
some
times
to
start
the
car.
Sometimes
they
used
the
heat
from
the
sun.
We
are
going
to
have
a
party
sometime
next
week.
somewhere/anywhere/everywhere/nowhere
副词
辨意义
析用法
somewhere
在某处
用于肯定句中
anywhere
在任何地方
多用于否定句或疑问句中，有时也用于肯定句中
everywhere
各个地方，处处
nowhere
哪里都不，无处
试一试
It’s
bad
to
throw
litter
anywhere
.
I
have
to
put
my
bike
somewhere
else
because
of
the
rule.
In
China,
Wechat
is
used
almost
everywhere.
I’m
sorry
that
my
homework
was
nowhere
to
be
seen.
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
副词练习
1.—My
grandpa
practices
playing
the
guitar
in
the
university
for
the
elderly
every
day.
—Cool!
It's
never
too
old
to
learn.
A.
hard
B.
hardly
C.
great
D.
greatly
2.—Excuse
me,
sir.
Are
you
sure
the
umbrella
in
your
hand
belongs
to
you?
—Oh,
sorry.
I
took
it
__________.
Mine
is
over
there
under
the
chair.
A.
at
once
B.
on
time
C.
by
mistake
D.
in
all
3.
Aunt
Jane
is
now
_____
over
seventy,
but
she
is
still
a
great
cinema-goer.
A.
very
B.
well
C.
about
D.
almost
4.
She
was_____
excited
at
the
news
that
she
couldn’t
say
a
word.
A.
so
B.
very
C.
such
5.
When
you
visit
a
foreign
country,
it
is
important
to
know
how
to
ask
for
help____?
A.
lately
B.
widely
C.
politely
6.
If
one
of
your
friends
sends
you
a
message
to
borrow
money
on
the
Internet,
you’d
better
phone
him
________
first
to
make
sure
of
that.
A.
recently
B.
directly
C.
finally
7.
There
was
a
car
accident
on
Xinhua
Road
yesterday.
_______,
nobody
was
hurt.
A.
Lucky
B.
Luckily
C.
Unlucky
D.
Unluckily
8.
—Listen!
It’s
raining
__________outside.
—Wow,
look!
The
yard
is
full
of
rainwater
now!
A.
strongly
B.
hardly
C.
greatly
D.
heavily
9.
Tony
is
the
best
student
in
the
class
because
he
works
______
than
the
others.
A.
hard
B.
harder
C.
hardest
10.Uncle
Liang_______
eats
out
because
his
wife
always
makes
delicious
food
for
him.
A.
seldom
B.
sometimes
C.
often
11.
I
could
___________
control
my
feelings
at
the
moment.
The
song
brought
back
so
many
childhood
memories.
A.
hardly
B.
really
C.
clearly
D.
nearly
12.—What’s
the
English
word
for
the
Chinese
food
jiaozi?
—You
can
_______say
“jiaozi”.
It
has
been
added
to
the
Oxford
English
Dictionary.
A.
just
B.
even
C.
still
D.
hardly
13.
Patient:
500
yuan
for
pulling
a
tooth?
It’s
only
a
couple
of
minute’s
work.
Doctor:
Well,
I
can
do
it
_______
if
you
like.
A.
quietly
B.
more
slowly
C.
less
carefully
D.
as
quickly
as
I
can
14.—Would
you
like
two
strong
black
coffees?
—No,thanks.I
______
drink
it.It
hurts
my
stomach.
A.almost
B.hardly
C.only
D.exactly
15.
—I
think
that
Eric
writes
as
as
Betty.
—So
he
does.
A.
more
careful
B.
more
carefully
C.
most
carefully
D.
carefully
16.
I
can't
hear
the
teacher_________
with
so
much
noise
outside.
A.
clearly
B.
slowly
C.
warmly
D.
bravely
17.
Allen
always
behaves
______,
so
many
people
like
him.
A.
easily
B.
politely
C.
friendly
D.
lively
18.
Yuan
Longping
is
_______
regarded
as
the
greatest
scientist
in
rice
planting.
A.
suddenly
B.
patiently
C.
hardly
D.
generally
19.
Millie
________
missed
the
train
this
afternoon.
It
started
to
leave
right
after
she
got
on
it.
A.
almost
B.
already
C.
really
D.
seldom
20.—
It’s
reported
that
Fuxing
high-speed
train
can
go
as
______
as
350
km
an
hour.
—
Wow,
how
amazing!
A.
fastest
B.
faster
C.
fast
【答案与解析】
1.
A考查形容词或副词辨析。句意：——我爷爷每天都努力地在这所大学练习弹奏吉他，以便能为老人们弹奏。——太酷了！真是活到老学到老啊。hard努力地，艰苦的；hardly几乎不；great伟大的；greatly非常。本题中，需要副词修饰动词playing，结合语境，A项正确。
A。
2.
C
考查副词短语词义辨析。
句意：——打扰一下，先生！你能确定你手里的伞是你自己的吧？——哦，对不起！我拿错伞了。我的伞在椅子下面。at
once立刻；马上；on
time按时；准时；by
mistake
错误地；in
all
总共；合计。由空后一句可知，自己是拿错伞了。故选C。
3.
B【解析】考查副词的词义辨析。简阿姨现在已经七十多岁了，但她仍然是一个电影铁粉儿。very很，非常；well充分地；about大约；almost几乎。well在这儿相当于“足足地”，故选B。
4.
A
考查副词的辨析。句意：听到这个消息她是那么的激动，以至于一句话也说不出来。“so+形容词/
副词+that…”固定短语，意为“如此……以至于……”；excited“激动的”为形容词，故用副词so。
5.
C【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：如果你到外国去访问，如何有礼貌地寻求帮助非常重要。
lately近来；widely广泛地；politely礼貌地。分析句意可推知：应该有礼貌地寻求帮助，故选C。
6.
B
句意：考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你的一个朋友在网络上给你发信息向你借钱，你最好首先直接给他打电话去确定这件事。
recently最近地；directly直接地；finally最后。一般弄不准的信息应该直接打电话给本人来核实，故选
B。
7.
B
考查副词的用法及词义辨析。由前句There
was
a
car
accident
on
Xinhua
Road
yesterday.及后句中的nobody
was
hurt可知，在交通事故中无人受伤，真是很幸运。此处应用副词作状语。故选副词Luckily(幸运地)。
8
D
考查副词词义辨析。
句意：——听！外面下大雨了。——哇！看，院子里满满的雨水哦！strongly
强壮地，强烈地；hardly
几乎不；greatly
极好地；heavily猛烈地
形容雨大，一般用heavily。故选D。
9.
B
考查副词的比较级用法。句意：托尼是班上（成绩）最好的学生，因为他比班上其他学生学习更努力。副词hard的比较级为harder。故选B。
10.
A
【解析】考查频度副词。由because
后的原因状语从句“他妻子总是为他做美味的食物”，可知梁叔叔很少出去吃饭。seldom
“很少”；
sometimes“有时”；
often“常常”。故选A。
11.
A
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在那刻，我几乎不能控制我的感情。这首歌使我记起如此多的童年记忆。hardly
几乎不；really真实地，真正地；clearly清晰地；nearly几乎；差不多。由后句的记忆提示，应该是没有控制住自己。故选A。
12.
C【解析】考查副词的用法辨析。句意：——与中国食物“饺子”相对应的英语单词是什么？——你_______可以称呼它为“jiaozi”。它已经被添加到《牛津英语词典》的词汇里了。just刚刚；even甚至；still仍然；hardly几乎不。由答语中的“has
been
added
to”可知是指“仍然”可以如此称呼。故选C。
13.
B【解析】考查副词的用法辨析。句意：病人：拔一颗牙收费500元？那只是一两分钟的活。医生：哦，如果你喜欢的话，我可以为你做这件事_________
。quietly安静地；more
slowly“更慢地”；less
carefully“更不仔细地”；as
quickly
as
I
can“我尽可能快地”。由“only
a
couple
of
minute’s
work”可知：对方觉得“时间短收费高”，而答语应该是“可以慢慢来动手术”。故选B。
14.
B
考查副词词义辨析。句意：——你想喝两杯浓咖啡吗？——不，谢谢。我几乎不喝。它伤胃。almost几乎，差不多；hardly几乎不，几乎没有；only只，仅；exactly确切地；精确地。根据No,thanks.及It
hurts
my
stomach.可知，我几乎不喝。故选B。
15.
D考查形容词和副词的辨析。句意：—我认为Eric和Betty写得一样认真。—他的确如此。根据句中的“as______as”可知，此空应填一个形容词或副词原级；而句中的“write”表明是动词，故用副词来修饰。故选D。
16.
A考查副词的辨析。句意：外边那么吵我听不清老师讲课。clearly清楚地；
slowly慢慢地；warmly微暖地；
bravely勇敢地。故选A。
17.
B【解析】考查副词的用法辨析。句意：艾伦总是举止文明，所以许多人喜欢他。
easily副词，“容易地”；politely
副词，“有礼貌地”；
friendly
形容词，“友好的”；lively
形容词，“活泼的”。句中修饰动词behave,需要副词，排除形容词C和D两项。由后面“
many
people
like
him”可知用politely修饰behaves。故选B。
18.
D
考查副词词义辨析。suddenly突然；patiently耐心地；hardly几乎不；generally通常地。根据常识理解句意：袁隆平在水稻种植方面通常被认为是最了不起的科学家。故选D。
19.
A
考查副词辨析。句意：米莉今天下午差一点就错过了火车。她一上车，车就离开了。almost几乎，差一点；already已经；really真的，确实；seldom很少。根据下文的“It
started
to
leave
right
after
she
got
on
it.”可知米莉事实上是赶上火车了，只是差一点没有赶上。故选A。
20.
C
考查副词的比较等级。句意：—据报道复兴高速列车时速可达350千米。—
哇，太令人惊讶！as
…as
意为“与……一样”，两个as之间应用形容词或副词的原级，故选C。
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