中考英语二轮专题复习—五种简单句教学（例句+练习，共43张课件）

(共43张PPT)
五种简单句
造句翻译练习 提高作文表达
五种简单句
句子成分
什么是句子成分？
句子成分的定义
★构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
★句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；
★主要成分有主语和谓语；
★次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语。
简单句的基本句型结构
1.主语＋系动词＋表语
2.主语＋不及物动词
3.主语＋及物动词＋宾语
5.主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾补
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
定语
补语
表语
句子的成分
句子类型
基本句型一： Ｓ +Ｖ （主＋谓）
基本句型二： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
基本句型三： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四： Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型五： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
基本句型一
Ｓ +Ｖ （主＋谓）
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
1．我们到了。________________
2.这个男人做饭。
————————
3.他们努力工作。
————————
4.我头疼。
————————
The man cook.
My head aches.
They work hard.
We arrived.
即时训练
1.红彤彤的太阳从东方升起来。
2.露西和玛丽每天早上很早就起床。
3.他的父母在这家公司工作十年了。
Lucy and Mary get up early every morning.
His parents have worked in the company for ten years.
The red sun rises in the east.
4.太阳在明亮地照耀着。
5.我们呼吸、吃和喝。
6.他们夜以继日地工作。
7.大家都笑了。
They worked day and night.
We all breathe, eat, and drink.
Everybody laughed.
The sun is shining brightly.
基本句型 二
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, feel,smell,taste,sound等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn,go等属另一类，表示变化。
1.她很美。
——————————
2.我们是个学生。
——————————
3.英语很容易。
——————————
4.他看上去是累了。
——————————
We are students.
English is very easy.
He looks tired.
She is beautiful.
1.我们的英语老师30岁了。
2.这个蛋糕吃起来很可口。
3.土豆在地里就坏了。
4.他们在一起好像很幸福。
Our English teacher is thirty years old.
The cake tastes delicious.
They seemed very happy together.
The potatoes went bad in the field.
即时训练
5.天气越来越冷了。
6.树叶已经变黄了。
7.这些花已经死掉好几天了。
8.他后来成为一个科学家。
The leaves have turned yellow.
The flowers have been dead for several days.
He became a scientist later.
It gets colder and colder.
基本句型 三
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。
1.昨天他举办了一个生日聚会。
2.植物需要水。
3.父亲买了这辆车。
4.她喜欢这些花。
Plants need water.
He held a birthday party yesterday .
Dad bought a car.
She likes the flowers.
即时训练
1.他把词典放进了背包里。
2.我刚才看到她了。
3.她正在教室做作业。
4.他们还没有决定什么时候、在哪儿旅行。
5.我建议去散步。
He put the dictionary in the backpack.
I saw her just now
she was doing her homework in the classroom.
They haven’t decided when and where to travel.
I suggested taking a walk.
6.她两年前就不教英语了。
7.母亲答应要给我一件礼物。
8.打开窗户你介意吗
9.你今年去国外度假吗
10.我希望上大学。
She stopped teaching English two years ago.
Mother promised to give me a present.
Would you mind opening the window
Will you spend your holidays abroad this year
I hope to go to college.
基本句型 四
Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者(人），另一个是动作的间接承受者（物）。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。
1.她给了我一本书。
2.我给妈妈买了一份礼物。
3.他告诉我们这个消息。
4.史密斯先生去年教我们英语。
She gave me a book.
I bought my mother a gift.
He told us the news.
Mr Smith taught us English last year. .
1.奶奶昨晚给我讲了一个有趣的故事。
2.请你把那本词典递给我好吗
3.请给我带一杯水来。
4.妈妈每天为我做饭。
Grandma told me an interesting story last night.
Would you please pass me that dictionary
Please bring me a cup of water.
My mother cooks dinner for me everyday .
即时训练
5.你能让我看下那张照片吗？
6.他把盐递给她。
7.在公交车上，他经常给老人让座。
On the bus,he often gives his seat to an old person.
He passed the salt to her.
Can you show me that photo？
基本句型 五
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
1.我们必须保持教室整洁。
2.我父母把我一个人单独留下。
3.他们通常叫那婴儿Dick。
4.这气味使他恶心。
My parents left me alone.
We must keep the classromm clean.
The smell made him sick.
They usually call the baby Dick.
即时训练
1.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。
2.警察把这小偷关进了监狱。
3.如果你让我走，我让你当国王。
4.我们应该让植物在阴凉处。
We should keep the plants in the shade.
If you let me go. I’ll make you king.
The police put the thief in prison.
We found the great hall full of students and teachers.
5.当我们到达的时候，我发现李明出去了。
6.老板让我们工作一整天了。
7.昨天他的腿受伤了。
We found Li Ming out when we arrived.
The boss kept them working all day.
Yesterday he had his leg broken.
熟能生巧
我是一个18岁的男孩子。
Betty 是我的好朋友。
今天天暖和，但是昨天很冷。
Tony 和Betty 是我们的同学。
5. Tony的建议是什么？
I’m an eighteen-year-old boy.
Betty is my best friend.
Today is warm. But yesterday was very cold.
Tony and Betty are our classmates.
What’s Tony’s advice/suggestion
1. He asked me how much I paid for the computer.
2. We were leaving when it began to rain.
3. Many people like him because he is kind and warm-hearted.
4. The boss told me that I shouldn t be late again .
5. Many fans arrived at the airport in order that they can see the star.
6. She certainly thinks that she is the most important one in the company.
他问我为这台电脑付了多少钱。
我们正要动身，这时天突然下雨了。
很多人都喜欢他，因为他善良又热心。
老板告诉我叫我下次不要再迟到了 。
为了见到这个明星，许多粉丝早早就到达了机场。
她想当然的认为她是公司最重要的人。
她是一个18岁的女孩子。
2.秋天是我最喜欢的季节，因为很凉爽。
3.北京是中国的首都。
4.杭州是浙江省的省会。
5.肉是健康的食物，但太多的肉对身体不好。
She is an eighteen-year-old girl.
Autumn is my favourite season, because it is very cool.
Beijing is the capital of China.
Hangzhou is the capital of Zhejiang Province.
Meat is healthy food, but too much food is bad for our health.
1. It's such a good chance that we can t miss it.
2. You will fail unless you study hard.
3. Sometimes we teach our children as our parents have taught us.
4. Though he is good, he will never be top of his class.
5. We believe that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world.
6. The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
这是如此好的一个机会，我们不能错过它。
除非你努力学习,否则你要失败。
有时我们教我们的孩子，就像我们的父母曾经教我们。
他虽然很好,但他决不会成为班上的尖子。
我们相信中国会成为世界上最强的国家之一。
你锻炼得越多,你就越健康。
1.他经常帮助我。
2.我喜欢看书。
3.他正在打篮球。
4.你要每天吃一个苹果。
5.我们上午有四节课。
1.He often helps me.
2.I like reading books.
3.He is playing basketball.
4.You must eat an apple every day.
5.We have four lessons in
the morning.
1. When I was a child, my father had to do three jobs for a family of seven.
2. My father worked hard to support our big family.
3. Teamwork is part of our lives.
4. How much do you know about the place you are going to visit
5. Everyone should do something to protect our environment.
当我还是个孩子的时候，我父亲不得不为一个七口之家做三份工作。
我爸爸努力工作养活我们的大家庭。
团队合作是我们生活的一部分。
对你要去的地方，你了解多少？
每个人都应该做些事情来保护我们的环境。
1.这种布料感觉非常柔软。
2. 英语对于我来说太容易了。
3.夏天里天气变热了。
4.你看起来不开心，怎么啦？
5.圣诞节在12月25日。
1.This kind of cloth feels very soft.
3.The weather gets hot in summer.
4.You look unhappy, what's the matter
2.English is so easy for me .
5.The Christmas is on the twenty-fifth of December.
1.As we arrived, the salesman handed my father a key to his car.
2. He watched the video and was shocked by what he saw.
3. The writing is probably taken from the travel part of the webpage.
4. This passage mainly tells us how the new camera works.
5. The writer introduces the topic by giving examples.
当我们到达的时候，销售员把车的钥匙递给我爸爸。
他看了这段视频，对所看到的感到震惊
文章可能来自于网页的旅行板块。
这篇文章主要告诉我们，新相机是如何工作的。
作者通过举例子的方式来引出话题。
1.他经常开会时保持安静。
2.昨天我在街上遇到了John.
3.地震毁坏了许多建筑物。
4.春节第一天我们总会穿上新衣服。
5.我已经教了13年的英语了。
1.He always kept silent at meeting.
2.I met John in the street yesterday.
3.The earthquake destoryed many buildings.
4.We always put on our new clothes inthe first day of Spring Festival.
5. I have taught English for thirteen years.
1.There is an apple tree in front of my house.
1.我家房前有一颗苹果树。
3.There are hundreds of students in our school.
3.在我们学校有数百个学生。
5.There is an English book on the table.
5.桌上有一本英语书。
2.They have a lot of money.
2.他们有很多钱.
4.Does she have the computer
4.她有电脑吗
6.I have a dream.
6.我有一个梦想。
1.This is the doctor who saved the boy's life.
2.She is the new student who I want to introduce to you.
3.Please pass me the book which is lying on the table.
4.The novel which Tom bought is very interesting.
5.Can you lend me the magazine which you talked about yesterday
这就是救了孩子生命的医生。
她就是我要介绍给你的新学生。
请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。
汤姆买的小说很有意思。
你能把昨天谈到的那本杂志借给我吗
1.他给了我一千美元。
2.奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。
3.她给她丈夫做了一顿美味的饭。
4.他给你买了一本字典。
5.我给他看我的照片。
He gave me a thousand dollar.
Grandmother told us an interesting story last night.
She cooked her husband a delicious meal.
He bought you a dictionary.
I showed him my pictures.
1.我的父亲给我买了一辆新自行车。
My father bought me a new bicycle.
My father bought a new bicycle for me.
2.Mr.Green 去年教我们法语。
Mr.Green taught us French last year.
Mr.Green taught French to us last year.
3.请把那本字典递给我。
Please pass me that dictionary
Please pass that dictionary to me
4. 他的笔友给他写了一封信。
His pen friend wrote him a letter.
His pen friend wrote a letter to him.
1.今天下午在操场上将会有一场足球比赛。
2.在花园里有一只猫和三只小狗。
3.在我家里有三个人。
4.在老师的桌子上有一台电脑。
5. 路的两边有许多的花。
1.There is going to be a football match on the playground this afternoon.
2.There is a cat and three dogs in the garden.
3.There are three people in my family.
4.There is a computre on the teacher's desk.
5.There are a lot of flowers on both sides of the road.