Section
Ⅳ Assessing
Your
Progress
基础知识
预习自检
重点词汇
1．elegant
adj.
精美的；讲究的；文雅的→elegantly
adv.
优美地；雅致地
2．exceptional
adj.
特别的；罕见的→exceptionally
adv.
罕见，特别，非常
3．priority
n.
优先；优先权→prior
adj.
先前的；优先的
4．consist
v.
由……组成(或构成)→consistent
adj.
一致的；连续的→consistency
n.
一致性
5．consume
vt.
吃；喝；饮；消耗→consumption
n.
消耗；消费
6．be
busy
with
忙于
7．dinner
invitation
晚餐邀请
8．a
buffet
restaurant
自助餐厅
9．a
dash
of
salt
一撮盐
10．crawl
onto
爬到……上
教材原句
1．I
have
brought
my
consumption
of
sweets
and
dessert
down
(最低限度).
答案：to
the
bare
minimum
2．She
is
trying
a
new
(南瓜派食谱)．
答案：recipe
for
pumpkin
pie
3．We've
never
been
to
(这么有吸引力的)
restaurant
before.
答案：such
an
attractive
4．Maybe
she
(刚刚和……吵架)
her
brother.
答案：had
just
had
a
quarrel
with
5．But
I
(没接到通知)
that
they
were
coming
for
the
weekend.
答案：hadn't
been
informed
6．Do
you
think
“understanding
(因果关系)”
was
a
useful
strategy?
答案：cause
and
effect
7．Watch
this
video
to
see
(一种新的美食)
that
has
become
popular
with
some
diners
there.
答案：a
new
cuisine
8．A
twist
of
lime
and
a
dash
of
salt
has
these
crickets
(飞出)
the
kitchen.
答案：flying
out
of
9．The
unique
treat
is
proving
popular
at
(农贸市场)
and
trendy
eateries.
答案：farmer's
markets
10．What
is
(最奇怪的东西)
you
have
ever
eaten?
答案：the
strangest
thing
重点知识
合作探究
I
wish
you
had
told
me
earlier.(教材P34)我希望你早点告诉我。
剖析
本句中I
wish后接宾语从句时，谓语用虚拟语气。
归纳拓展
①I
wish
I
were
as
young
as
you.
我要是像你们那么年轻该多好啊！(与现在事实相反)
②I
wish
I
hadn't
eaten
so
much.
我倒希望我没有吃这么多。(与过去事实相反)
③I
wish
you
wouldn't
leave
your
clothes
all
over
the
floor.
我真希望你不把衣服丢得满地都是。(与将来事实相反)
单句语法填空
①I
wish
(that)
I
(meet)
that
good
teacher
10
years
ago.
②I
wish
I
(know)
what
was
going
to
happen.
③I
wish
you
(not
smoke)
any
more.
答案：①had
met ②knew ③wouldn't
smoke
学习效果
随堂演练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Fresh
fruit
and
vegetables
provide
(纤维)
and
vitamins.
答案：fibre
2．Scott
was
obviously
inebriated
by
the
time
the
(甜点)
was
served.
答案：dessert
3．The
(厨师)
is
pleased
to
cater
for
vegetarian
diets.
答案：chef
4．This
deadline
will
be
extended
only
in
(特别的)
circumstances.
答案：exceptional
5．Temperatures
will
fall
to
a
(最小值)
of
5
degrees.
答案：minimum
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I
wish
I
(be)
a
millionaire.
答案：were
2．The
menu
is
based
on
classic
French
(cook).
答案：cooking
3．Miss
Smith,
please
make
an
(engage)
for
me
with
the
bank
manager.
答案：engagement
4．It
is
not
always
necessary
to
gut
the
fish
prior
freezing.
答案：to
5．He
apologized
to
the
people
who
(affect)．
答案：had
been
affected
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．每天跑步消耗身体的能量，所以你就能保持苗条。
Running
every
day
takes
energy
of
your
body
so
you
can
.
答案：stay
slim
2．你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了。
I
wish
you
my
birthday
party.
答案：had
come
to
3．军队会用尽可能少的兵力扼守西部的沙漠。
The
army
would
try
to
hold
the
western
desert
with
forces.
答案：a
bare
minimum
of
4．分餐制正在大饭店流行。
The
split
meal
system
is
be
popular
in
big
restaurants.
答案：starting
to
5．她会教你如何搭配款式和颜色。
She'll
show
you
how
to
patterns
colours.
答案：coordinate;
and
课后课时作业
Ⅰ 语言运用
Many
years
ago,
three
hungry
soldiers
arrived
at
a
small
village.
The
villagers,
suffering
a
poor
harvest
and
years
of
war,
quickly
1
the
food.
The
soldiers
said,
“You
have
nothing,
so
we
shall
share
what
we
have:
The
2
of
how
to
make
soup
from
stones.”
The
villagers
became
3
and
soon
a
fire
was
put
to
the
villagers
greatest
pot
as
the
soldiers
carefully
4
three
stones.
“Now
this
will
be
a
fine
soup，”
said
the
soldiers,
“
5
some
salt
and
parsley
would
make
it
more
6
！”
A
woman
said,
“I've
got
some！”
Off
she
ran.
7
with
a
handful
of
parsley.
As
the
pot
boiled
on,
carrots,
beef
and
cream
had
soon
8
their
way
into
the
pot.
The
soldiers
ate
and
danced
and
sang
well
into
the
night,
9
by
the
meal
and
their
newly?made
friends.
The
next
morning,
they
awoke
to
10
the
entire
village
standing
before
them
with
their
best
bread
and
cheese.
“You
have
given
us
the
greatest
11
，”
said
an
elder,
“and
we
shall
never
forget
it.”
The
soldiers
turned
to
the
12
，
and
said,
“There
is
no
secret
but
one
thing
is
13
：
It
is
only
by
14
that
we
may
make
a
feast.”
And
off
the
15
wandered,
down
the
road
to
their
next
destination.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了三个士兵如何巧用石头做汤，从而告诉我们：在分享中获得快乐。
1．A.ate
B．presented
C．hid
D．sold
答案：C 经历了歉收和战争蹂躏的村民们，对士兵有防范之心，把粮食都藏(hide)起来了，故选C。
2．A.importance
B．secret
C．problem
D．matter
答案：B 根据第四段中的“There
is
no
secret
but
one
thing
is
...”可知，三个士兵要向村民们展示如何用石头做汤的秘诀(secret)，故选B。
3．A.curious
B．scared
C．worried
D．content
答案：A 士兵说能用石头做汤，村民们自然是非常好奇的(curious)，故选A。
4．A.picked
up
B．dropped
in
C．looked
back
D．made
sure
答案：B pick
up
“捡起来”；drop
in
“投入”；look
back
“回顾”；make
sure
“确信”。此处指三个士兵小心翼翼地往锅里放入三块石头，故选B。
5．A.as
if
B．in
case
C．in
that
D．if
only
答案：D 士兵们说道，“这会是一锅好汤，要是(if
only)有点盐和西芹就好了。”as
if
“好像”；in
case
“万一”；in
that
“因为”，故选D。
6．A.disgusting
B．hard
C．wonderful
D．harmful
答案：C 根据下文的提示，可知若是有点盐和西芹，味道就更美了(wonderful)，故选C。
7．A.Returning
B．Leaving
C．Dealing
D．Figuring
答案：A 上一句提到这位女士跑走了，现在拿着西芹回来了(return)，故选A。
8．A.fought
B．tell
C．found
D．lost
答案：C find
one's
way
“找到路”；fight
one's
way
“打出一条路”；lose
one's
way
“迷路”。本句为幽默的表达手法，将人们主动投入食材到汤锅中，写成就像这些食材认路一样，故选C。
9．A.refreshed
B．alarmed
C．annoyed
D．amused
答案：A refresh
“恢复精神”；alarm
“警告”；annoy
“烦人”；amuse
“使发笑”。吃饱了，士兵们的精神恢复了，故选A。
10．A.keep
B．recognize
C．expect
D．discover
答案：D 第二天醒来，士兵们发现(discover)全村的村民们都站在他们的面前，拿着最好的面包和奶酪，故选D。
11．A.answer
B．hope
C．gift
D．advice
答案：C 一位长者说，你们送给了我们最好的礼物(gift)，故选C。
12．A.crowd
B．family
C．strangers
D．companions
答案：A 根据上下文的提示，士兵转向人群(crowd)，故选A。
13．A.funny
B．doubtful
C．different
D．certain
答案：D 士兵告诉村民，石头汤没有什么秘诀，但是有一样东西是确信无疑的(certain)，故选D。
14．A.distributing
B．sharing
C．appreciating
D．donating
答案：B distribute
“分发”；share
“分享”；appreciate
“感恩”；donate
“捐赠”。总结上文，大家都把食材放到汤锅中，大家一起享用美食，这就是分享，故选B。
15．A.villagers
B．elders
C．locals
D．soldiers
答案：D 士兵(soldier)离开了，沿着路，朝着下一个目的地走去。wander
off表示“离开”，故选D。
Ⅱ 阅读
Do
you
know
that
junk
food
isn't
healthy?
Of
course
you
do!
Do
you
eat
it
anyway?
Of
course
you
do!
But
a
new
study
shows
teaching
adolescents
about
the
ways
food
companies
fool
them
into
thinking
junk
food
is
cool
can
encourage
kids
to
fight
back—by
eating
healthier.
The
pull
of
junk
food
can
be
super?strong.
It's
designed
to
be
tasty,
which
makes
eating
well
one
of
the
great
health
challenges
of
our
time.
Everyone
from
doctors
to
the
government
has
been
trying
to
handle
it.
Yet
we
keep
eating
junk
food.
Professor
Christopher
Bryan
says,
“Food
companies
want
you
to
want
junk
food.”
They
spend
millions
of
dollars
coming
up
with
new
ways
to
promote
junk
food
consumption.
They
hire
scientists
to
make
new
junk
food
almost
irresistible.
They
might
do
this,
for
example,
by
adding
more
sugar.
Rats
fed
junk
food
for
six
weeks
will
even
walk
across
a
floor
that
gives
them
electric
shocks
just
to
get
more
of
such
food.
Food
ads
often
make
unhealthy
junk
food
seem
healthy
by
featuring
professional
athletes,
fit?looking
pop
stars
and
smiling,
active
teens.
“We
thought
when
the
students
learned
this,
it
would
matter
to
them，”
Bryan
says.
He
worked
with
8th
graders
at
a
Texas
school.
Half
of
them
got
a
lesson
Bryan
created.
It
focused
on
the
ways
junk
food
is
advertised,
or
marketed.
A
second
group
received
lessons
that
focused
on
health.
These
lessons
informed
students
junk
food
is
bad,
and
that
foods
like
apples
or
carrots
are
a
better
choice.
The
students
learned
a
bad
diet
can
lead
to
major
weight
gain,
and
that
being
overweight
puts
people
at
risk
for
serious
diseases.
They
also
learned
how
eating
well
now
can
keep
you
healthy
when
you're
older.
After
the
lessons,
the
kids
in
both
groups
were
asked
how
they
felt
about
junk
food.
Most
didn't
have
positive
feelings
about
these
unhealthy
foods.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明：让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。
1．Why
does
the
author
mention
the
questions
in
Paragraph
1?
A．To
express
his
doubts
about
junk
food.
B．To
promote
the
idea
of
healthy
eating.
C．To
describe
the
situation
of
junk
food.
D．To
introduce
the
topic
for
discussion.
答案：D 推理判断题。第一段最后一句指出：让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。可以推断出，文章第一段中提及那两个问题“Do
you
know
that
junk
food
isn't
healthy？你知道垃圾食品不健康吗？”和“Do
you
eat
it
anyway？你仍然还吃垃圾食品？”是为了引出本文要讨论的话题。故选D。
2．What
remains
a
great
health
challenge
to
doctors?
A．Making
people
do
more
exercise.
B．Making
people
eat
healthily.
C．Making
people
lose
weight.
D．Making
people
prefer
junk
food.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It's
designed
to
be
tasty,
which
makes
eating
well
one
of
the
great
health
challenges
of
our
time.
Everyone
from
doctors
to
the
government
has
been
trying
to
handle
it.”可知，垃圾食品很美味，这使吃得好成为一个巨大的健康挑战，从医生到政府每一个人都一直在努力应对这一挑战。由此可知，对医生而言，让人们吃得健康依然是一个巨大的健康挑战。故选B。
3．What
message
does
Paragraph
3
mainly
try
to
convey?
A．What
makes
junk
food
almost
impossible
to
resist.
B．What
influences
junk
food
can
have
on
consumers.
C．How
food
companies
try
to
get
people
to
reach
for
junk
food.
D．Why
food
companies
promote
the
consumption
of
junk
food.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据第三段中先提到“食品公司想要消费者想吃垃圾食品”，紧接着说到“它们(食品公司)花巨资想办法推广垃圾食品，它们聘请科学家制作新的垃圾食品，使人们几乎无法抗拒”，
接着还举例说“它们可能会往垃圾食品中添加更多的糖”。由此可以推断，作者在本段主要是想告诉读者食品公司是如何想方设法让人们去吃垃圾食品的。故选C。
4．Which
of
the
following
words
can
best
describe
Bryan's
lessons?
A．Shocking.
B．Popular.
C．Effective.
D．Abstract.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据第四段主要介绍Bryan(布莱恩)给德克萨斯州的一所学校的八年级学生们上的课，再根据文章最后一段“After
the
lessons,
the
kids
in
both
groups
were
asked
how
they
felt
about
junk
food.
Most
didn't
have
positive
feelings
about
these
unhealthy
foods.”可知，课后当这些孩子被问及他们对垃圾食品的看法时，大多数人对这些不健康的食品都不持正面的看法。由此可以推断，
Bryan的课是有效的。故选C。
1．adolescent
n.
青少年
2．irresistible
adj.
无法抵制的
focus
on
专注于
Ⅲ 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Blueberry
Pie
Today
Grandma
and
I
are
going
to
make
a
blueberry
pie.
We
want
to
surprise
Mom
when
she
comes
to
pick
me
up.
Mom
loves
blueberries
as
much
as
Grandma
and
I
do.
She
especially
loves
blueberry
pie.
I
look
into
the
refrigerator
for
blueberries.
They
are
all
gone.
“We
can't
make
a
blueberry
pie
without
blueberries，”
I
say.
“I
guess
we
will
just
have
to
get
more，”
says
Grandma.
“Great！”
I
like
getting
blueberries
as
much
as
I
like
making
the
pie.
I
put
on
my
hat,
and
we
get
in
the
car.
We
drive
past
rows
of
houses.
We
drive
past
rows
of
stores.
We
drive
and
drive.
At
last
I
see
the
sign.
Grandma
sees
it,
too.
“Nelson's
Orchard，”
says
Grandma.
She
turns
into
the
driveway
and
parks
the
car
on
a
patch
of
grass.
Mr
Nelson
is
standing
in
a
wooden
booth.
On
the
counter
is
a
stack
of
buckets.
Mr
Nelson
gives
us
each
a
plastic
bucket.
“There
are
still
plenty
of
berries.
Help
yourself.”
We
walk
to
a
row
of
tall
blueberry
bushes.
I
look
for
big,
round,
dark?blue
berries.
I
pull
two
from
a
branch
and
drop
them
into
my
bucket.
Plop.
Plop.
All
these
blueberries
make
me
hungry.
“I
wish
I
could
eat
them
now，”
I
say.
“I
know，”
says
Grandma.
“So
do
I．”
Grandma
and
I
move
from
bush
to
bush.
At
last
Grandma
says
we
have
enough.
We
walk
back
to
Mr
Nelson.
He
weighs
each
bucket
on
a
big
metal
scale,
then
pours
the
blueberries
in
a
bag.
Grandma
pays
Mr
Nelson.
“Now？”
I
ask.
“Now，”
says
Grandma.
I
take
a
blueberry
from
the
bag
and
pop
it
into
my
mouth.
It
tastes
sweet.
I
eat
another
and
another.
Grandma
takes
some,
too.
We
say
good?bye
to
Mr
Nelson.
I
snack
on
blueberries
as
we
drive.
Finally
we
are
home.
I
help
Grandma
make
turkey
sandwiches
and
blueberry
smoothies
for
lunch.
Grandma
looks
in
the
bag
of
blueberries.
“We
have
just
enough
for
the
pie，”
she
says.
“No
more
eating.”
Paragraph
1：
We
begin
making
the
blueberry
pie.
Paragraph
2：
We
drive
to
the
grocery
store
once
more.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和祖母一起做蓝莓派，准备给母亲一个惊喜，中间因原料不够作者和祖母再次去购买。她们去买原料的时间又会发生些什么呢？她们能够成功做成蓝莓派吗？
[精彩范文]
Paragraph
1：
We
begin
making
the
blueberry
pie.
I
take
out
the
butter
from
the
refrigerator
and
put
the
salt
on
the
desk
in
the
kitchen,
but
there
is
no
flour
left
in
the
home.
How
can
a
clever
woman
cook
without
any
rice?
“I
think
we
will
have
to
buy
some
flour，”
suggests
Grandma.
We
have
no
choice
but
to
go
now.
After
all,
we
want
to
surprise
my
mom
when
she
comes
to
pick
me
up.
Paragraph
2：
We
drive
to
the
grocery
store
once
more.
As
Grandma
parks
the
car,
I
enter
and
pay
for
the
flour,
while
noticing
the
blueberries
on
that
booth.
“What
if
I
could
get
more
blueberries？”
I
hesitate
and
then
off
I
go.
Driving
back,
I
see
mom's
car
in
the
driveway.
As
we
go
inside,
Grandma
and
I
both
stand
still,
with
our
mouths
open
wide.
Mom
is
eating
the
last
of
blueberries
in
the
bowl.Section
Ⅲ Using
Language
基础知识
预习自检
There
is
much
debate
nowadays
as
to
what
makes
up
a
healthy
diet.
For
example,
scientists
have
insisted
for
years
that
a
big
enemy
of
health
is
fatty
food.
However,
there
is
increasing
evidence
that
the
real
driver
of
poor
health
is
not
so
much
fatty
food,
as
it
is
sugar.
Heart
disease
is
the
number
one
killer
of
Americans.
And
in
America,
people
who
receive
25%
of
their
daily
calories
or
more
through
sugar
are
twice
as
likely
to
die
from
heart
disease
than
people
who
receive
less
than
10%
a
day
(Journal
of
the
American
Medical
Association,
2014).
This
is
true
regardless
of
how
healthy
the
rest
of
their
diet
might
be.
Put
more
simply,
while
people
continue
to
argue
over
whether
or
not
fatty
food
is
dangerous,
we
already
know
that
sugar
is
a
killer.
词汇自测
①calorie
n.
卡路里(热量单位)
②association
n.
协会；关联
③regardless
adv.
不顾；不加理会
④regardless
of
不管；不顾
现在有很多关于什么是健康饮食的争论。例如，科学家多年来一直坚信，健康的一大敌人是高脂肪食物。然而，越来越多的证据表明，不良健康的真正推手并非脂肪类食物，而实际上是糖。心脏病是美国人的头号杀手。在美国，在每天摄入卡路里中糖占比25%或更多的人死于心脏病的几率是每天摄入10%以下的人的两倍(《美国医学会杂志》，2014年)。这是真的，不管他们的饮食其余部分有多健康。简而言之，一方面人们还在争论高脂肪食物是否危险时，另一方面我们已经知道糖是杀手。
Much
of
this
extra
sugar
comes
from
sweets
and
sweet
drinks.
The
average
American
gets
1/3
of
his
or
her
sugar
through
sweet
drinks
alone.
The
American
Heart
Association
recommends
that
we
limit
ourselves
to
less
than
100150
calories
a
day
from
sugar,
which
is
less
than
what
is
usually
contained
in
one
can
of
sweet
drink
or
in
a
single
candy
bar.
In
other
words,
if
you
want
to
be
healthy,
you
have
to
cut
down
on
desserts,
and
cut
out
sweet
drinks
altogether.
词汇自测
⑤recommend
v.
推荐；介绍
⑥contain
v.
包含；含有；容纳
这些额外的糖分大多来自糖果和甜饮料。美国人平均三分之一的糖来自于甜饮料。美国心脏协会建议，我们每天从糖中摄入的热量应控制在100～150卡路里以内，这通常比包含在一罐甜饮料或一个糖果棒的热量要少。换句话说，如果你想要健康，你必须少吃甜点，并且完全不喝含糖饮料。
Beyond
this,
you
can
keep
healthy
by
consuming
different
categories
of
fresh
foods,
especially
fruit
and
vegetables,
which
are
full
of
vitamins
and
fibre,
rather
than
processed
foods.
Processed
foods
often
contain
less
nutrition,
and
have
higher
quantities
of
sugar,
salt,
and
fat
than
fresh
ingredients.
Besides
this,
it
is
also
important
to
have
some
meat,
beans,
or
dairy
products
in
your
diet,
as
they
provide
the
necessary
protein
for
strong
bones
and
muscle
growth.
As
with
everything
in
life,
moderation
is
key.
The
ideal
diet
is
a
balanced
one,
without
too
much
or
too
little
of
any
one
thing.
词汇自测
⑦category
n.
类别；种类
⑧vitamin
n.
维生素
⑨fibre
(especially
US
fiber)
n.
纤维；纤维制品
⑩quantity
n.
数量；数额
?dairy
adj.
奶制的；乳品(业)的 n.
乳制品；乳品店；牛奶厂
?moderation
n.
适度；合理
?ideal
adj.
完美的；理想的；想象的 n.
理想；完美的人(或事物)
除此之外，你可以通过食用不同种类的新鲜食物而不是加工食品来保持健康，尤其是水果和蔬菜，它们富含维生素和纤维。加工食品通常含有较少的营养，并且比新鲜原料含有更多的糖、盐和脂肪。此外，在你的饮食中摄入一些肉类、豆类或奶制品也很重要，因为它们提供了强健骨骼和肌肉生长所必需的蛋白质。和生活中的一切事情一样，适度是关键。理想的饮食是均衡的，任何一种东西都不要吃得太多或太少。
Finally,
a
fundamental
key
to
healthy
eating
is
to
eat
slowly.
It
takes
about
twenty
minutes
from
the
time
you
start
eating
for
your
brain
to
tell
your
body
that
you
are
full.
What
this
means
is
that
people
who
chew
too
quickly
end
up
eating
too
much
food
because
they
still
feel
hungry.
Eating
slowly
also
allows
your
body
to
digest
your
food
better,
and
will
allow
you
to
enjoy
your
food
more.
In
addition,
studies
show
that
consistent
eating
habits,
for
example,
taking
three
meals
a
day
at
the
same
time
each
day,
are
better
for
our
health.
It
is
also
better
to
eat
a
modest
amount
of
food
each
time,
rather
than
to
eat
a
lot
in
one
meal,
and
then
a
little
in
the
next.
词汇自测
?fundamental
adj.
根本的；基础的；基本的 n.
基本规律；根本法则
?chew
vi.&
vt.
咀嚼；嚼碎 n.
咀嚼
?consistent
adj.
一致的；
连续的
?modest
adj.
些许的；谦虚的；朴素的
最后，健康饮食的一个基本要点是慢慢吃。从你开始吃东西到你的大脑告诉你的身体你已经吃饱了大约需要20分钟。这意味着咀嚼太快的人最终会吃太多的食物，因为他们仍然感到饥饿。慢慢吃也能让你的身体更好地消化食物，让你更享受食物。此外，研究表明，持续的饮食习惯，例如，每天在同一时间吃三顿饭，对我们的健康更好。最好每次吃适量的食物，而不是一顿饭吃很多，下一顿饭吃很少。
There
is
no
one
trick
to
healthy
eating.
Rather,
healthy
eating
starts
with
having
a
healthy
attitude
towards
food.
One
question
you
can
ask
yourself
is,
“Do
I
eat
to
live,
or
live
to
eat？”
If
you
are
using
food
mostly
for
nutrition,
then
you
are
on
the
right
track
with
your
diet.
However,
if
food
has
become
the
centre
of
your
life,
you
might
be
on
the
road
to
bad
health.
It
is
up
to
you
to
decide
how
you
want
to
live,
and
to
make
the
right
decisions
about
your
diet.
词汇自测
?trick
n.
诀窍；计谋；把戏
健康饮食没有一个诀窍。相反，健康的饮食始于对食物有一个健康的态度。你可以问自己一个问题：“我是为了生存而吃，还是为了吃而生存？”
如果你主要用食物来补充营养，那么你的饮食是正确的。然而，如果食物成为你生活的中心，你可能会走上不健康的道路。你要决定如何生活，并在饮食方面做出正确的决定。
重点知识
合作探究
1
association
n.
协会；关联(教材P32)
归纳拓展
①The
program
was
made
in
association
with
German
television.
该节目是与德国电视台联合制作的。
②Many
of
us
who
have
never
been
to
Egypt
always
associate
Egypt
with
the
ancient
pyramids.
我们中许多从未去过埃及的人总是把埃及与古金字塔联系在一起。
③As
we
all
know,
health
is
associated
with
a
balanced
diet
and
plenty
of
exercise.
众所周知，健康与均衡饮食和大量的锻炼息息相关。
(1)单句语法填空
①We
work
association
with
a
number
of
local
companies
to
raise
money
for
the
homeless.
②You
will
compromise
your
good
name
if
you
associate
these
people.
答案：①in ②with
(2)单句写作
宝腾公司于1983年由政府设立，并于两年后开始与日本三菱公司合作生产汽车。
Proton
was
set
up
by
the
government
in
1983
and
started
building
cars
two
years
later
Mitsubishi
of
Japan.
答案：in
association
with
2
regardless
adv.
不顾；不加理会(教材P32)
归纳拓展
①All
should
be
treated
equally
regardless
of
social
status.
人不论社会地位如何，都应受到平等对待。
②She
is
widely
regarded
as
the
current
leader's
natural
successor.
人们普遍认为她是现任领导的当然继任者。
③In
addition,
with
regard
to
the
outside
material,
Chinese
costumes
are
mostly
made
with
silk.
另外，外穿的面料，中国的戏服则主要使用织锦缎面料。
(1)单句语法填空
①The
job
is
open
to
all
applicants
regardless
age,
race,
or
gender.
②Capital
punishment
was
regarded
inhuman
and
immoral.
③I
have
no
complaints
with
regard
his
work.
答案：①of ②as ③to
(2)单句写作
不管他正确与否，我们都得服从他的决定。
he
is
right
or
wrong,
we
have
to
abide
by
his
decisions.
答案：Regardless
of
whether
3
The
American
Heart
Association
recommends
that
we
limit
ourselves
to
less
than
100150
calories
a
day
from
sugar,
which
is
less
than
what
is
usually
contained
in
one
can
of
sweet
drink
or
in
a
single
candy
bar.(教材P32)美国心脏协会建议，我们每天从糖中摄入的热量应控制在100～150卡路里以内，这通常比包含在一罐甜饮料或一个糖果棒的热量要少。
剖析
句中recommend后跟从句时，从句应用虚拟语气。
归纳拓展
①We
insist
that
he
(should)
come
to
the
party.
我们坚持要他来参加聚会。
②The
head
of
the
workshop
ordered
that
the
work
should
be
finished
in
two
days.
车间主任下令这项工作必须在两天之内完成。
③We
recommend
that
you
use
the
latest
software
available
for
your
device.
我们建议您为您的设备使用最新的软件。
④They
demanded
that
working
condition
should
be
improved.
他们要求改善工作条件。
(1)单句语法填空
①It
is
recommended
that
you
(consult)
your
doctor.
②He
suggested
that
these
goods
(pack)
off
at
once
in
a
special
train.
答案：①(should)
consult ②be
packed
(2)单句写作
全体会员都被要求出席这次晚会。
It
is
requested
that
all
members
at
the
party.
答案：be
present
4
quantity
n.
数量；数额(教材P32)
归纳拓展
①He
collected
a
quantity
of
curious
information.
他搜集了大量稀奇古怪的消息。
②Large
quantities
of
water
are
polluted
every
year.
每一年都有大量的水被污染。
③Not
only
lack
in
quantity,
but
also
significant
problem
in
the
quality.
不仅在量上存在危机，在质上面临的问题也很严峻。
(1)单句语法填空
①Large
quantities
goods
were
damaged
in
the
storm.
②It's
a
lot
cheaper
if
you
buy
it
quantity.
答案：①of ②in
(2)单句写作
①尽管如此，她还是吃了一只大的，而且喝了很多香槟。
Nevertheless
she
ate
a
large
one,
and
drank
champagne.
②在炎热的夏季，每天都有大量的啤酒被消耗。
Every
day
in
hot
summer,
beer
is
consumed.
答案：①a
quantity
of ②a
large
quantity
of
5
moderation
n.
适度；合理(教材P32)
归纳拓展
①Drinking
wines
in
moderation
is
benefit
to
your
health.
适量饮用葡萄酒对你的身体有益。
②But
you
must
be
more
moderate
in
your
drinking.
Too
much
wine
can
easily
lead
to
serious
trouble!
不过以后喝酒要适可而止，喝多了容易误事！
③I
don't
smoke
and
I
drink
only
moderately.
我不吸烟，酒量也一般。
(1)单句语法填空
①Alcohol
should
only
ever
be
taken
moderation.
②The
hotel
is
(moderation)
in
its
charges.
答案：①in ②moderate
(2)单句写作
有人认为适量饮酒可以预防心脏病。
Some
people
think
drinking
can
prevent
heart
disease.
答案：in
moderation
6
fundamental
adj.
根本的；基础的；基本的 n.
基本规律；根本法则(教材P32)
归纳拓展
①I
believe
that
truth
and
justice
are
fundamental
to
an
enduring
social
order.
我相信，真理和正义是任何一个长治久安的社会秩序之基础。
②It
lays
a
fundament
for
the
life
analysis
of
this
engine.
这为这款发动机的寿命分析奠定了基础。
③By
the
1960s
the
situation
had
changed
fundamentally.
到20世纪60年代形势已发生了根本的变化。
单句语法填空
①Computers
are
fundamental
our
industrial
structure.
②
(fundament),
there
are
two
different
approaches
to
the
problem.
答案：①to ②Fundamentally
7
It
is
also
better
to
eat
a
modest
amount
of
food
each
time,
rather
than
to
eat
a
lot
in
one
meal,
and
then
a
little
in
the
next.(教材P32)最好每次吃适量的食物，而不是一顿饭吃很多，下一顿饭吃很少。
剖析
句中rather
than意为“而不是；与其……不如……”，这一表达方式通常用在平行结构中，连接相同的句子成分，即rather
than前后两部分在成分和形式上应当一致。当rather
than连接主语及其附属成分时，谓语动词应与rather
than前面的词在人称和数上保持一致。
归纳拓展
①Much
of
the
food
pleases
rather
than
excites.
这些食物中许多只是让人满意，但并不让人兴奋。
②I
prefer
to
work
rather
than
sit
there
doing
nothing.
我宁愿干活也不愿坐在那里无所事事。
③She
would
rather
die
than
lose
the
children.
她宁可死也不愿失去孩子们。
(1)单句语法填空
①Mary,
rather
than
you,
(be)
to
blame
for
not
finishing
the
work
on
time.
②They
prefer
to
discipline
themselves
rather
than
(discipline)
by
others.
答案：①is ②be
disciplined
(2)单句写作
我们通常坐火车而不是乘飞机出行。
We
usually
travel
by
train
by
plane.
答案：rather
than
8
trick
n.
诀窍；计谋；把戏(教材P32)
归纳拓展
①We
are
playing
a
trick
on
a
man
who
keeps
bothering
me.
我们正在戏弄那个一直烦我的家伙。
②He
tricked
her
into
marrying
him
by
pretending
that
he
was
rich.
他装作很有钱的样子，从而骗得她和他结了婚。
③The
clever
salesman
tricked
the
old
lady
out
of
her
money.
这精明的推销员骗走了这位老太太的钱财。
(1)单句语法填空
①The
police
tricked
him
into
(make)
a
confession.
②She
was
tricked
out
her
life
savings.
答案：①making ②of
(2)单句写作
孩子们对我的客人搞了点恶作剧，不过所幸的是客人并没有生气。
The
children
my
visitor,
but
luckily
he
wasn't
annoyed.
答案：played
a
silly
trick
on
学习效果
随堂演练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．High
(卡路里)
food
was
excepted
from
the
menu
since
last
year.
答案：calorie
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)While
the
sun's
rays
can
age
and
harm
our
skin,
they
also
give
us
beneficial
(维生素)
D.
答案：Vitamin
3．(2019·浙江高考)Corrado
Piccoli's
Purple
Heart
medal
now
hangs
at
the
Italian
American
Civic
(协会)
in
Watertown.
答案：Association
4．There
is
a
(根本的)
difference
between
the
two
points
of
view.
答案：fundamental
5．He
concluded
that
Oswald
was
(有点)
abnormal.
答案：somewhat
6．We
usually
eat
chicken,
p
and
beef.
答案：pork
7．After
the
operation
you
may
find
it
difficult
to
c
and
swallow.
答案：chew
8．The
trip
to
Paris
will
be
an
i
opportunity
to
practise
my
French.
答案：ideal
9．O
，
this
is
a
very
useful
book.
答案：Overall
10．Dried
fruits
are
especially
high
in
f
.
答案：fibre
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The
kids
are
always
playing
(trick)
on
their
teacher.
答案：tricks
2．The
results
can
be
divided
into
three
main
(category)．
答案：categories
3．It
is
cheap
to
produce
large
quantities.
答案：in
4．It
takes
in
anybody
regardless
religion,
colour,
or
nation.
答案：of
5．The
findings
are
consistent
other
studies
and
government
statistics.
答案：with
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．我们必须与他们联合起来以便增强我们的实力。
We
must
work
them
to
strengthen
our
power.
答案：in
association
with
2．大量的书被送到了乡村学校。
Large
books
were
sent
to
the
village
schools.
答案：quantities
of
3．(2019·浙江高考)不管他的球队输赢，你都应该赞扬他的努力。
You
should
praise
his
effort
whether
his
team
wins
or
loses.
答案：regardless
of
4．然而，像很多东西一样，最好适当地使用它们。
However,
like
many
things,
it's
best
to
use
them
.
答案：in
moderation
5．如果他们不招待我们，我们能捉弄他们。
If
they
don't
give
us
a
treat,
we
can
them.
答案：play
a
trick
on
课后课时作业
Ⅰ 语言运用
As
a
child,
I
was
always
told
to
“eat
my
greens”.
These
were
the
unappealing
vegetables
that
sat
on
the
edge
of
my
plate.
Peas,
and
green
beans,
all
looked
and
tasted
1
.
Let's
face
it,
when
there
were
so
many
other
delicious
treats
to
2
why
eat
boring
vegetables?
Since
then
my
taste
buds
have
3
and
I'm
also
fully
aware
of
the
health
benefits
of
eating
fresh
vegetables.
But
we
still
need
4
of
the
amazing
goodness
these
green
super
foods
give
us.
In
the
UK,
a
campaign
has
been
5
for
several
years
to
encourage
us
to
eat
our
“5
A
Day”—five
portions
of
fruit
and
vegetables.
That's
6
evidence
has
shown
there
are
significant
health
7
to
getting
at
least
five
80g
portions
of
a
variety
of
fruit
and
vegetables
every
day.
But
I
struggle
for
trying
to
fit
these
five
portions
into
my
daily
8
partly
because
I
have
a
sweet
9
and
vegetables
are
tasteless.
Researchers
have
been
10
how
to
make
eating
vegetables
more
11
.
They
analysed
the
psychology
behind
our
food
12
and
found
that
most
of
us
are
13
by
taste.
Brad
Turnwald
from
Stanford
University
says
that
“studies
show
that
people
14
to
think
of
healthier
options
as
less
tasty
for
some
reason.”
But
if
it
makes
us
15
more
vegetables
then
that
can
only
be
a
good
thing
for
our
health.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了吃蔬菜虽然对身体有很多益处，但不可口。所以一些研究机构想出一些办法来促进人们的蔬菜消费。
1．A.delicious
B．disgusting
C．ripen
D．sweet
答案：B 由“These
were
the
unappealing
vegetables
that
sat
on
the
edge
of
my
plate.”可知，这些菜看起来尝起来都很令人厌恶。delicious
“美味的”；disgusting
“令人厌恶的”；ripen
“成熟”；sweet
“甜的”。故选B。
2．A.buy
B．prepare
C．enjoy
D．offer
答案：C 句意：有那么多美味的食品可以享受，为什么要吃这些令人厌烦的蔬菜？buy
“买”；prepare
“准备”；enjoy
“享受”；offer
“提供”。故选C。
3．A.developed
B．appeared
C．existed
D．shrank
答案：A 句意：从那时起，我的味蕾改变了，并且我也充分意识到吃新鲜蔬菜的好处。develop
“发展，变化”；appear
“出现”；exist
“存在”；shrink
“收缩”。故选A。
4．A.talking
B．informing
C．reminding
D．warning
答案：C 句意：我们仍需记得这些绿色“超级食品”
给我们的身体带来的惊人益处。talk
“谈话”；inform
“通知”；remind
“提醒”；warn
“警告”。remind
of
“提醒；使记起”。故选C。
5．A.planning
B．running
C．aiming
D．intending
答案：B 句意：在英国一项活动被运行了好几年。plan
“计划”；run
“运转”；aim
“旨在”；intend
“打算”。故选B。
6．A.why
B．how
C．when
D．because
答案：D 句意：这是因为有证据表明，人们每天至少食用5份80g的水果和蔬菜会对健康有很大益处。故选D。
7．A.needs
B．issues
C．benefits
D．risks
答案：C 句意：这是因为有证据表明，人们每天至少食用5份80g的水果和蔬菜会对健康有很大益处。need
“需要”；issue
“问题”；benefit
“益处”；risk
“风险”。故选C。
8．A.diet
B．education
C．work
D．exercise
答案：A 句意：但我仍在努力把这5份果蔬纳入到我的日常饮食中。diet
“饮食”；education
“教育”；work
“工作”；exercise
“练习”。故选A。
9．A.tendency
B．tooth
C．preference
D．appetite
答案：B have
a
sweet
tooth
“喜欢吃甜食”，是固定用法，故选B。
10．A.showing
B．discovering
C．reporting
D．studying
答案：D 句意：研究人员一直在研究如何让蔬菜更具吸引力。show
“展示”；discover
“发现”；report
“报告”；study
“研究”。故选D。
11．A.attractive
B．appropriate
C．beneficial
D．independent
答案：A 句意：研究人员一直在研究如何让蔬菜更具吸引力。attractive
“吸引人的”；appropriate
“适当的”；beneficial
“有益的”；independent
“独立的”。故选A。
12．A.wastes
B．values
C．choices
D．judgments
答案：C 句意：他们分析了我们选择食物时的心理，发现大部分人都是受味道的驱使。waste
“废物”；value
“价值”；choice
“选择”；judgment
“判断”。故选C。
13．A.confused
B．disturbed
C．challenged
D．motivated
答案：D 句意：他们分析了我们选择食物时的心理，发现大部分人都是受味道的驱使。confuse
“困惑”；disturb
“打扰”；challenge
“挑战”；motivate
“驱使”。故选D。
14．A.manage
B．tend
C．agree
D．decide
答案：B 句意：斯坦福大学的布拉德·图恩瓦尔德说“研究表明，人们会倾向于认为更健康的食物更难吃。”manage
“管理”；tend
“倾向”；agree
“同意”；decide
“决定”。故选B。
15．A.eat
B．eats
C．eating
D．to
eat
答案：A 句意：但如果它能让我们吃更多的蔬菜，那对我们的健康来说也只能是一件好事。make
sb.
do
sth.意为“使某人做某事”，故选A。
Ⅱ 阅读
?(2020·山西省祁县中学高三月考)
Ask
any
group
of
teenagers
in
the
UK
what
they
most
like
to
eat,
and
foods
like
pizzas,
curries,
pasta,
burgers
and
chips
are
bound
to
get
mentioned
and
many
young
people
would
probably
also
list
hanging
out
at
the
local
fast
food
restaurant
as
one
of
their
favorite
pastimes
(消遣)．
But
what
teenagers
like
to
eat
is
not
necessarily
what
they
should
be
eating.
According
to
the
National
and
Nutrition
Survey,
far
too
many
young
people
in
the
UK
between
the
ages
of
14
and
18
consume
too
much
fat,
sugar
and
salt
in
their
diet
and
take
in
too
many
calories.
Meanwhile
their
intake
of
starchy
carbohydrates
(含淀粉的碳水化合物),
fibre,
iron,
vitamins
and
calcium
is
too
low.
For
a
growing
body,
eating
foods
containing
plenty
of
calcium,
such
as
milk,
yoghurt
and
cheese,
is
particularly
important
as
calcium
is
essential
for
the
development
of
healthy,
strong
bones.
Similarly,
foods
that
are
rich
in
iron
are
good
for
young,
rapidly
developing
bodies,
so
red
meat,
bread,
green
vegetables,
dried
fruit
and
tonified
(使增强体质的)
breakfast
cereals
are
also
recommended.
It
is
during
our
teenage
years
that
habits
of
lifestyle
can
become
entrenched
(根深蒂固的),
so
it
is
crucial
(至关重要的)
that
young
people
are
educated
about
what
foods
are
good
for
them.
In
2005,
in
an
attempt
to
change
eating
habits
and
open
teenagers'
minds
to
new
flavours
and
new
tastes,
celebrity
chef
Jamie
Oliver
launched
a
“Feed
Me
Better”
campaign.
As
part
of
a
television
series
“Jamie's
School
Diners”，
he
worked
with
teachers
and
cooks
in
a
number
of
schools
across
the
UK
to
provide
more
healthy,
nutritious
school
meal
options.
Although
there
was
initial
resistance
from
some
teenagers
and
parents,
the
campaign
was
generally
hailed
(称赞)
as
a
huge
success
and
helped
to
influence
governmental
policy
on
nutritional
standards
for
school
meals.
No
one
expects
to
end
the
teenage
love
affair
with
fast
and
junk
food
but,
hopefully,
if
projects
“Feed
Me
Better”
and
the
government's
own
“Change
for
Life”
campaign
continue
to
give
out
the
right
messages,
more
young
people
will
understand
the
importance
of
balancing
occasional
treats
with
healthier
food
options.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。良好的饮食习惯使人健康。调查发现，英国的青少年最喜欢热量高的食品。专家提示：要多摄入有益于健康成长的食品。
1．From
the
first
two
paragraphs
we
can
know
that
.
A．British
teenagers
eat
too
much
junk
food
B．British
teenagers
need
to
take
in
more
calcium
C．what
British
teenagers
like
to
eat
is
probably
what
their
bodies
need
D．British
teenagers
should
reduce
their
intake
of
starchy
carbohydrates
答案：A 推理判断题。根据文章第一段提到英国青少年喜欢吃快餐类食物和第二段中的“According
to
the
National
and
Nutrition
Survey,
far
too
many
young
people
in
the
UK
between
the
ages
of
14
and
18
consume
too
much
fat,
sugar
and
salt
in
their
diet
and
take
in
too
many
calories.”可知，英国青少年所喜欢的食物含脂肪、糖和盐过多，由此可知，英国青少年吃太多垃圾食品。故选A。
2．To
build
healthy
strong
bodies,
young
people
need
.
A．a
lot
of
fibre
B．calcium
and
iron
C．carbohydrates
D．vitamins
答案：B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“For
a
growing
body,
eating
foods
containing
plenty
of
calcium
...”以及“foods
that
are
rich
in
iron
are
good
for
young,
rapidly
developing
bodies
...”可知，钙对于骨骼健康强壮地发育是必不可少的，并且富含铁的食物对年轻、快速发育的身体有好处。所以，为了有健康强壮的身体，年轻人需要多吃含钙和铁多的食物。故选B。
3．According
to
the
article,
Jamie
Oliver
launched
a
campaign
at
schools
to
.
A．show
off
his
excellent
cooking
skills
B．teach
students
how
to
cook
nutritious
meals
C．introduce
governmental
policy
on
nutritional
standards
for
school
meals
D．draw
the
public's
attention
to
the
importance
of
nutritious
school
meals
答案：D 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“In
2005,
in
an
attempt
to
change
eating
habits
and
open
teenagers'
minds
to
new
flavours
and
new
tastes,
celebrity
chef
Jamie
Oliver
launched
a
‘Feed
Me
Better’
campaign.”及“the
campaign
was
generally
hailed
(称赞)
as
a
huge
success
and
helped
to
influence
governmental
policy
on
nutritional
standards
for
school
meals”(名厨杰米·奥利弗发起了一项名为“让我吃得更好”的活动，提供更健康的饮食，来影响政府有关学校膳食营养标准的政策。)可推知，杰米·奥利弗在学校发起此项活动，以引起公众对学校营养膳食重要性的关注。故选D。
4．Which
of
the
following
statements
does
not
correspond
to
the
article?
A．Teenagers
shouldn't
eat
any
junk
food
at
all.
B．It
is
difficult
to
make
children
understand
the
importance
of
a
healthy
diet.
C．It
is
OK
to
eat
a
little
bit
junk
food,
as
long
as
you
eat
healthily
most
of
the
time.
D．Our
eating
habits
are
developed
in
our
teenage
years
and
then
influence
our
lifestyle.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“No
one
expects
to
end
the
teenage
love
affair
with
fast
and
junk
food”(没有人希望青少年不再喜欢快餐和垃圾食品)可知，A项说法过于绝对。故选A。
1．intake
n．摄取量；吸入量
2．nutritional
adj.
有营养的
be
bound
to
必然；一定要
Ⅲ 七选五
(2020·宁夏石嘴山市第三中学高二上学期英语月考)
How
to
Make
a
Chinese
Hot
Pot
Eating
a
Chinese
hot
pot
is
a
very
common
experience.
People
gather
around
the
pot,
dipping
their
food,
waiting
for
it
to
cook,
mixing
their
own
seasonings
(调味品)
and
enjoying
each
other's
company.
1
Firstly,
prepare
a
large
pot
of
soup.
There
is
no
right
or
wrong
way
to
prepare
a
soup,
so
feel
free
to
make
your
own.
A
simple
soup
can
be
made
by
boiling
water
with
the
addition
of
meat
bones
or
fish
heads
and
a
mixture
of
herbs,
seasonings
and
vegetables.
Then,
cut
a
variety
of
meats
and
fish
into
thin
slices.
2
Choose
any
food
that
you
enjoy.
Some
common
choices
for
Chinese
hot
pot
include
thin
pieces
of
beef,
pork,
lamb
and
so
on.
You
can
make
your
hot
pot
using
the
more
traditional
method
of
using
the
meats
and
seafood
that
are
local
to
you.
Meanwhile,
select,
wash
and
prepare
some
vegetables.
3
Mushrooms
of
all
kinds
are
also
common
to
Chinese
hot
pot
preparations.
4
At
home,
a
single
hot
pot
would
work
well
up
to
48
people
depending
on
the
size
of
the
pot.
Make
sure
everyone
is
sitting
in
a
circle
and
has
easy
access
to
everything
on
the
table.
Prepare
a
separate
small
dish
for
each
guest
to
mix
their
seasonings.
5
A．Finally,
arrange
the
seating
reasonably.
B．Now
comes
the
turn
to
enjoy
your
hot
pot.
C．It
will
guarantee
that
the
items
will
cook
quickly
and
fully.
D．Here
are
some
easy
steps
to
make
a
Chinese
hot
pot
at
home.
E．For
more
variety,
consider
dumplings,
rice
cakes
and
tangyuan.
F．Popular
choices
include:
cabbage,
pea
leaves,
winter
melon
and
tomato.
G．It
usually
lasts
a
couple
of
hours
because
you
are
cooking
and
eating
in
small
parts.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在家中做火锅的一些步骤。
1．D 根据空后“Firstly,
prepare
a
large
pot
of
soup.”和“Then,
cut
a
variety
of
meats
and
fish
into
thin
slices.”可知此处介绍的是在家中做火锅的一些步骤，故选D。
2．C 根据空前“Then,
cut
a
variety
of
meats
and
fish
into
thin
slices.”可知要把鱼、肉切成薄片，这样可以快速而充分地烹饪，故选C。
3．F 根据空前“Meanwhile,
select,
wash
and
prepare
some
vegetables.”可知同时还要准备一些蔬菜，因此推断F项(最受欢迎的选择包括：卷心菜、豌豆叶、冬瓜和番茄。)符合语境，故选F。
4．A 根据空后“At
home,
a
single
hot
pot
would
work
well
up
to
48
people
depending
on
the
size
of
the
pot.”(在家里，根据火锅的大小，一个火锅最多可以供4～8人使用。)可推断本段介绍了要合理安排座位，故选A。
5．B 根据空前“Prepare
a
separate
small
dish
for
each
guest
to
mix
their
seasonings.”可知要给每人准备一个单独的小盘子，接下来就可以享用火锅了，故选B。Ⅰ.重点词汇
1．priority
n.
优先事项；优先权→prior
adj.
先前的；优先的
prior
to
在……之前的
2．consist
v.
由……组成(或构成)→consistent
adj.
一致的；始终如一的→consistency
n.
一致性
consist
of
由……组成(或构成)
consist
in
存在于；在于
be
consistent
with
sth.
与……一致
3．stuff
vt.
填满；把……塞进 n.
东西；物品
stuff
...
with
...
用……填满……
stuff
into
把……塞进
stuff
up
堵上
and
stuff
等等；诸如此类
4．slice
n.
(切下的食物)薄片 vt.
把……切成薄片→sliced
adj.
已切成片的
a
slice
of
一片……
slice
...
off
切下
slice
into
切开，切成
slice
sth.
into
sth.
把某物切成……
5．minimum
adj.
最低(限度)的；最小的 n.
最小值；最少量
a
minimum
of
最少的；最少；至少
at
a
minimum
处于最小限度
at
the
minimum
of
cost以最低的成本
keep
...
to
a
minimum
把……保持在最低限度
6．associate
v.
联想；联系→association
n.
协会；关联
in
association
with
与……联合；与……相联系
associate
...
with
...
使……与……联系起来
associate
with
sb.
与某人交往/共事
be
associated
with
与……有关
7．regard
v.
视为；注视 n.
关心；注意→regardless
adv.
不顾；不加理会
regardless
of
不管；不顾
regard
...
as
把……当作……
in/with
regard
to
sb./sth.
关于；至于
8．quantity
n.
数量；数额
a
quantity
of
大量的；一些；许多
quantities
of
许多的；大量的
in
quantity
数量；大量
9．moderation
n.
适度；合理→moderate
adj.
适度的→moderately
adv.
适度；适量
in
moderation
适度地；有节制地
be
moderate
in
在……方面适度的/有节制的
10．fundament
n.
基础，基本原理→fundamental
adj.
根本的；基础的；基本的 n.
基本规律；根本法则→fundamentally
adv.
根本上；基本上
be
fundamental
to
...
是……的基础/根本
11．trick
n.
诀窍；计谋；把戏
play
a
trick/
tricks
on
sb.
捉弄某人
trick
sb.
into
doing
sth.
诱使某人做某事
trick
sb.
out
of
sth.
骗走某人某物
Ⅱ.教材原句
1．Prior
to
coming
to
China,
my
only
experience
with
Chinese
cooking
was
in
America,
with
Chinese
food
that
had
been
changed
to
suit
American
tastes.
(教材P26)
在来中国之前，我对中国烹饪的唯一体验是在美国，中国的食物已经被改变以适应美国人的口味。
2．Tired,
hungry,
and
not
knowing
a
word
of
Chinese,
we
had
no
idea
how
to
order,
so
the
chef
just
began
filling
our
table
with
the
best
food
we
had
ever
eaten.(教材P26)
又累又饿，而且汉语一句也不会，我们压根儿不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的饭菜佳肴。
3．As
a
result,
their
traditional
foods
are
what
you
can
cook
over
an
open
fire—usually
boiled
or
roasted
meat,
such
as
lamb
kebab.(教材P26)
因此，他们的传统食物是你可以在室外烹饪的食物——通常是煮熟的或烤熟的肉，如羊肉串。
4．He
prefers
this
brand
of
coffee
which,
as
he
said,
has
an
unusually
good
flavour.(教材P28)
他更喜欢这种牌子的咖啡，正如他所说，它的味道特别好。
5．The
American
Heart
Association
recommends
that
we
limit
ourselves
to
less
than
100150
calories
a
day
from
sugar,
which
is
less
than
what
is
usually
contained
in
one
can
of
sweet
drink
or
in
a
single
candy
bar.(教材P32)
美国心脏协会建议，我们每天从糖中摄入的热量应控制在100～150卡路里以内，这通常比包含在一罐甜饮料或一个糖果棒的热量要少。
6．It
is
also
better
to
eat
a
modest
amount
of
food
each
time,
rather
than
to
eat
a
lot
in
one
meal,
and
then
a
little
in
the
next.(教材P32)
最好每次吃适量的食物，而不是一顿饭吃很多，下一顿饭吃很少。
7．I
wish
you
had
told
me
earlier.(教材P34)
我希望你早点告诉我。
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Most
students
have
learned
Chinese
prior
to
(come)
to
China.
答案：coming
2．When
the
oil
is
hot,
add
the
(slice)
onion.
答案：sliced
3．The
priority
for
every
flyer
is
to
keep
weight
a
minimum.
答案：to
4．He
claimed
that
he
(threat)
not
to
tell
anyone
about
it.
答案：had
been
threatened
5．The
book
(finish)
till
last
week.
答案：had
been
finished
6．His
mother's
face,
she
said,
was
a
frightened,
broken
face.
答案：as
7．My
relationship
with
the
actors
is
fundamental
my
work
as
a
director.
答案：to
8．He
went
ahead
and
did
it,
regardless
the
consequences.
答案：of
9．These
are
clear
(consist)
policies
which
we
are
putting
into
place.
答案：consistent
10．The
highest
quantities
of
medicines
(find)
in
the
cows'
milk
last
week.
答案：were
found
Ⅳ.开放型任务
本单元从历史文化、地域文化、地理环境角度提及了中西方饮食文化差异，你对中国的传统饮食文化有什么认识？你的家乡有哪些特色明显的传统菜肴？你最希望介绍给西方朋友的一道菜是什么？和同学们讨论后，写出一道英文菜谱和大家分享吧！《舌尖上的中国》热播以来，那些令人垂涎欲滴的视觉盛宴常常浮现眼前，让人挥之不去，众多美味的中国菜，都分为哪些种类呢？让我们一起来了解一下吧！
Chinese
food
can
be
classified
into
six
categories①：
1.Local
dishes.
This
refers
to
a
class
of
dishes
with
very
strong
local
flavors②
that
came
into
existence
in
line
with
local
products,
climate
and
customs.
Among
the
most
well
known
local
dishes
are
“sea
cucumber
braised
with
scallion
(葱烧海参)”
of
Shandong,
“hot
and
spicy
hot
pot
(香辣火锅)”
of
Sichuan.
2．Royal③
dishes.
These
used
to
be
prepared
by
the
imperial
kitchen
for
emperors
and
empresses.
Usually,
they
are
fancifully
named
and
exquisitely
prepared
with
the
best
ingredients.
Among
the
most
famous
are
“all
birds
pay
court
to
the
phoenix
(百鸟朝凤)”
and
“swastika?shaped
braised
pork
slices
(万字扣肉)”．
3．Family
dishes.
These
used
to
be
reserved
for
high?ranking
bureaucrats④
and
celebrities.
But
they
were
subsequently
adopted
by
ordinary
people.
Among
the
most
famous
family
dishes
are
Confucian?style
(孔府菜)
and
Tan?family
style
(谭府菜).
In
addition,
“Dongpo
Pork
(东坡肉)”
“diced
chicken
stir?fried
with
chili
and
peanuts
(宫保鸡丁)”
are
also
popular
dishes.
4．Ethnic⑤
food.
These
originated
in
minority?inhabited
areas,
and
became
popular
nationwide.
Famous
ethnic
dishes
include
roast
beef,
“sliced
mutton
hot
pot
(羊肉火锅)”
and
shashliks
(烤肉串)．
5．Vegetarian
food.
Because
most
monks
eat
vegetarian
food,
it
is
also
known
as
“monastery
dishes
(斋饭)”.
There
are
a
wide
variety
of
flavors.
These
dishes
are
often
cooked
in
such
a
way
as
to
look
and
taste
exactly
like
meat
and
fish.
6．Medicinal
dishes,
or
food
therapy.
The
Chinese
believe
that
mixing
tonics
with
food
adds
flavor
to
the
food
and
is
good
for
health.
Famed
medicinal
dishes
include
“lily
decoction
with
chicken
(百合鸡汤)”
and
“porridge
with
lotus
seeds
and
lily
(莲子百合粥)”.
【注】 ①category
n.
类别，种类 ②flavor
n.
风味，特色 ③royal
adj.
皇家的，王室的 ④bureaucrat
n.
官僚 ⑤ethnic
adj.
民族的，具有民族特色的
【立德树人】 俗话说“民以食为天
(Food
is
the
first
necessity
of
the
people.)”，我们聪慧的祖先创造出了瑰玮灿烂的中华饮食文化(diet
culture)，作为中学生的你对“中国美食”和“洋快餐(Western
fast
food)”的态度如何？让我们一起为传统美食做贡献，热爱它，发扬它，以它为荣，让中华美食走向世界。
Section
Ⅰ Reading
and
Thinking
基础知识
预习自检
CULTURE
AND
CUISINE
The
French
author
Jean
Anthelme
Brillat?Savarin
once
wrote,
“Tell
me
what
you
eat,
and
I
will
tell
you
what
you
are.”
Put
more
simply,
this
means
“You
are
what
you
eat.”
Most
people
today
relate
this
saying
to
healthy
eating.
However,
Brillat?Savarin
was
actually
referring
to
our
personality,
character,
and
culture.词汇自测
①cuisine
n.
菜肴；风味；烹饪
文化和菜肴
法国作家让·安泰尔姆·布里亚·萨瓦兰曾写道：“告诉我你吃什么，我就会告诉你你是什么。”简单地说，这意味着“你吃什么就是什么”。今天大多数人把这句话和健康饮食联系起来。然而，布里亚·萨瓦兰所说的实际上指的是我们的个性、性格和文化。
Certainly,
in
many
ways
this
seems
to
be
true.
Chinese
cuisine
is
a
case
in
point.
Prior
to
coming
to
China,
my
only
experience
with
Chinese
cooking
was
in
America,
with
Chinese
food
that
had
been
changed
to
suit
American
tastes.
For
example,
America's
most
popular
Chinese
dish
is
General
Tso's
chicken,
which
consists
of
fried
chicken
covered
in
a
sweet
sauce,
flavoured
with
hot
red
peppers.
This
is
probably
not
an
authentic
Chinese
recipe,
however,
so
it
cannot
tell
us
much
about
the
Chinese.
On
the
other
hand,
it
does
tell
us
a
lot
about
Americans.
It
tells
us,
for
example,
that
Americans
love
bold,
simple
flavours.
And,
since
the
dish
was
also
invented
recently,
it
tells
us
that
Americans
are
not
afraid
to
try
new
foods.
词汇自测
②prior
adj.
先前的；优先的
③consist
vi.
由……组成(或构成)
④pepper
n.
甜椒；灯笼椒；胡椒粉
⑤recipe
n.
烹饪法；食谱
⑥bold
adj.
大胆自信的；敢于冒险的
⑦prior
to
在……之前的
⑧consist
of
由……组成(或构成)
当然，在很多方面这似乎是正确的。中国菜肴就是一个很好的例子。在来中国之前，我对中国烹饪的唯一体验是在美国，中国的食物已经被改变以适应美国人的口味。例如，美国最受欢迎的中国菜是左公鸡，这道菜是用甜沙司包裹的炸鸡，加上红辣椒调味。然而，这可能不是一个真正的中国食谱，所以，透过它我们不能对中国了解很多。另一方面，它确实告诉了我们很多关于美国人的事情。例如，它告诉我们，美国人喜欢大胆、简单的口味。而且，由于这道菜也是最近才发明的，它告诉我们美国人并不害怕尝试新食物。
Later,
I
had
a
chance
to
experience
authentic
Chinese
food
by
coming
to
China.
When
my
family
and
I
had
just
arrived
in
China,
we
went
looking
for
a
good
place
to
eat
in
Beijing.
A
Sichuan
restaurant
had
been
recommended
to
us
by
a
friend,
and
finally,
we
found
it.
Tired,
hungry,
and
not
knowing
a
word
of
Chinese,
we
had
no
idea
how
to
order,
so
the
chef
just
began
filling
our
table
with
the
best
food
we
had
ever
eaten.
With
this,
we
had
the
pleasure
of
experiencing
an
entirely
new
taste:
Sichuan
peppercorns.
The
food
was
wonderful
and
different,
but
what
was
even
more
important
was
the
friendship
offered
us.
词汇自测
⑨chef
n.
厨师；主厨
⑩peppercorn
n.
胡椒粒
后来，我有机会来到中国来体验正宗的中国菜。当我和我的家人刚到中国的时候，我们去北京找一个吃饭的好地方。一个朋友向我们推荐了一家四川餐馆，我们终于找到了。又累又饿，而且汉语一句也不会，我们压根儿不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的饭菜佳肴。就是这次，我们很高兴地体验了一种全新的口味：四川花椒。食物很美味很别致，但更重要的是我们之间建立的友谊。
We
soon
moved
to
Shandong
Province
in
the
eastern
part
of
North
China.
My
favourite
dish
there
was
boiled
dumplings
served
with
vinegar.
I
observed
that
family
is
important
to
the
people
there.
It
has
become
a
favourite
traditional
dish
of
the
people
in
North
China,
where
making
dumplings
has
always
been
a
family
affair
with
everyone—from
the
youngest
to
the
oldest—joining
in
to
help.
Later,
I
learnt
that
the
most
famous
food
in
Shandong
is
pancake
rolls
stuffed
with
sliced
Chinese
green
onions.
词汇自测
?vinegar
n.
醋
?stuff
vt.
填满；把……塞进 n.
东西；物品
?slice
n.
(切下的食物)薄片 vt.
把……切成薄片
?onion
n.
洋葱；葱头
?slice
...
off
切下
我们很快就搬到了华北东部的山东省。我最喜欢的菜是蘸醋的水饺。我注意到家庭对那里的人很重要。饺子已经成为中国北方人最喜爱的传统食物，在那里包饺子一直是一项家庭活动，从最年轻的到最年长的，每个人都参与进来帮忙。后来我才知道，山东最有名的菜是大葱卷饼。
Then
we
moved
to
northern
Xinjiang.
Some
of
our
friends
were
Kazak
and
Inner
Mongolian.
These
groups
traditionally
wandered
the
open
range
on
horses.
As
a
result,
their
traditional
foods
are
what
you
can
cook
over
an
open
fire—usually
boiled
or
roasted
meat,
such
as
lamb
kebab.词汇自测
?lamb
n.
羊羔肉；羔羊
?lamb
kebab
烤羊肉串
然后我们搬到了新疆北部。我们的一些朋友是哈萨克人和内蒙古人。传统上，这群人会骑着马在开阔的牧场漫步。因此，他们的传统食物是你可以在室外烹饪的食物——通常是煮熟的或烤熟的肉，如羊肉串。
Our
travels
then
took
us
to
South
China,
and
then
on
to
central
China.
In
each
place
we
went,
we
experienced
wonderful
local
dishes,
from
Guangdong's
elegant
dim
sum—small
servings
of
food
in
bamboo
steamers—to
the
exceptional
stewed
noodles
in
Henan.
Everywhere,
the
food
was
as
varied
as
the
people.
However,
one
thing
is
always
true:
Through
food,
Chinese
people
everywhere
show
friendship
and
kindness.
词汇自测
?elegant
adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的
?dim
sum
n.
点心(中国食品)
?exceptional
adj.
特别的；罕见的
后来我们去了华南，然后去了华中。每到一个地方，我们都会品尝到当地的美味佳肴，从广东精美的点心(用竹制蒸笼制作的小份食物)到河南独特的炖面。每个地方，食物和人一样的多样化。然而，有一件事总是正确的：通过食物，中国人处处显示着友谊和善良。
At
a
minimum,
the
kinds
of
food
local
people
consume
tell
us
what
they
grow
in
their
region,
what
kinds
of
lives
they
lead,
and
what
they
like
and
do
not
like.
Could
we
also
say,
for
example,
that
those
who
like
bold
flavours
are
bold
themselves?
Or,
that
those
who
like
spicy
food
tend
to
have
a
hot
temper?
Maybe.
Maybe
not.
What
we
can
say,
however,
is
that
culture
and
cuisine
go
hand
in
hand,
and
if
you
do
not
experience
one,
you
can
never
really
know
the
other.
词汇自测
minimum
adj.
最低(限度)的；最小的 n.
最小值；最少量
consume
vt.
吃；喝；饮；消耗
temper
n.
脾气；火气
至少，当地人消费的食物告诉我们他们在自己的地区种植什么，他们过着什么样的生活，他们喜欢什么，不喜欢什么。比如，我们可以说，那些喜欢大胆口味的人本身就很大胆吗？或者，喜欢辛辣食物的人脾气比较暴躁？也许是，也许不是。然而，我们要说的是，文化和菜肴是相辅相成的，如果你没有经历过其中之一，你就永远不可能真正了解另外一个。
重点知识
合作探究
1
prior
adj.
先前的；优先的(教材P26)
归纳拓展
①He
knew
about
the
interview
prior
to
its
publication.
这篇访谈的内容在发表以前他就已经知道了。
②The
development
of
the
national
economy
is
a
top
priority.
发展国民经济是应予以最优先考虑的事。
单句语法填空
①Prior
his
Japan
trip,
he
went
to
New
York.
②The
school
will
give
(prior)
to
science,
maths
and
modern
languages.
答案：①to ②priority
2
consist
vi.
由……组成(或构成)(教材P26)
归纳拓展
①(2019·天津高考)Most
food
webs,
for
instance,
consist
of
many
weak
links
rather
than
a
few
strong
ones.
例如，大多数食物网是由许多薄弱环节组成的，而不是由几个强环节组成的。
②The
true
wealth
does
not
consist
in
what
we
have,
but
in
what
we
are.
真正的财富不在于我们拥有什么，而在于我们的人格。
③The
results
are
entirely
consistent
with
our
earlier
research.
这些结果与我们早些时候的研究完全吻合。
④She
has
played
with
great
consistency
all
the
season.
她整个赛季表现相当稳定。
(1)单句语法填空
①The
beauty
of
this
picture
consists
its
balance
of
colours.
②New
goals
are
not
always
(consist)
with
the
existing
policies.
答案：①in ②consistent
(2)单句写作
一切物质都由分子组成，而分子由原子组成。
All
bodies
molecules
and
molecules
atoms.
答案：consist
of;
consist
of
3
Tired,
hungry,
and
not
knowing
a
word
of
Chinese,
we
had
no
idea
how
to
order,
so
the
chef
just
began
filling
our
table
with
the
best
food
we
had
ever
eaten.(教材P26)又累又饿，而且汉语一句也不会，我们压根儿不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的饭菜佳肴。
剖析
该句中Tired,
hungry是形容词作伴随状语，
not
knowing是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
归纳拓展
①Full
of
apologies,
the
manager
approached
us.
经理向我们走来，嘴里不停地说着抱歉的话。
②Breathless,
he
rushed
in
through
the
back
door.
穿过后门，他气喘吁吁地冲了进来。
③The
son
entered
the
room,
following
his
father.
儿子跟着父亲进了屋。
④The
father
entered
the
room,
followed
by
his
son.
父亲进了屋，后面跟着他的儿子。
(1)单句语法填空
①
(give)
the
right
kind
of
training,
these
teenage
soccer
players
may
one
day
grow
into
international
stars.
②He
stood
there,
(look)
left
and
right
now
and
then.
答案：①Given ②looking
(2)单句写作
①他早餐只吃了一片面包，不高兴。
He
only
ate
a
piece
of
bread
for
breakfast,
.
②他妈妈太激动了，一句话也说不出来。
His
mother
was
too
excited,
.
答案：①unhappy ②unable
to
say
a
word
4
stuff
vt.
填满；把……塞进 n.
东西；物品(教材P26)
归纳拓展
①For
Christmas,
we
stuff
the
chicken
with
a
mixture
of
bread
and
flavourings.
过圣诞节时，我们在鸡腹内塞面包加各种调料。
②I
simply
can't
stuff
any
more
clothes
into
this
case.
我无法再往箱子里塞更多的衣服。
③I
have
got
a
bad
cold
and
my
nose
is
all
stuffed
up.
我得了重感冒，鼻子一点不通气。
④He
bought
a
TV,
a
stereo,
a
radio,
and
stuff
like
that.
他买了电视、音响、收音机之类的东西。
(1)单句语法填空
①Stuff
all
the
things
the
box
and
seal
it
tightly
with
sticky
tape.
②Stuff
your
ears,
there
is
going
to
be
a
mighty
bang!
③I
know
you
like
the
Bible
stuff.
答案：①into ②up ③and
(2)单句写作
他所有的箱子都塞满了衣服。
Every
case
he
had
clothes
already.
答案：been
stuffed
with
5
slice
n.
(切下的食物)薄片 vt.
把……切成薄片(教材P26)
归纳拓展
①A
slice
of
white
bread
is
more
than
30%
water.
一片白面包的含水量超过30%。
②Just
slice
off
enough
meat
for
your
dinner,
and
put
the
rest
back.
只需切下一块够晚餐用的肉，把剩下的再放回去。
③It
demands
great
skill
to
slice
the
meat
into
such
thin
slices.
把肉片切得这样薄，需要很好的刀功。
(1)单句语法填空
①May
I
have
a
slice
apple
pie,
a
glass
of
milk,
and
an
ice?cream
sundae?
②Peel
the
potatoes
first,
and
then
slice
them
pieces.
③(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Handing
out
(slice)
oranges
to
bloodthirsty
kids
can
be
as
exciting
as
watching
your
own
kid
score
a
goal.
答案：①of ②into ③sliced
(2)单句写作
他从面包上切下了厚厚的一片。
He
a
thick
piece
from
the
loaf.
答案：slices
off
6
minimum
adj.
最低(限度)的；最小的 n．最小值；最少量(教材P27)
归纳拓展
①Cook
for
a
minimum
of
2
hours,
or
until
the
meat
is
tender.
至少煮两个小时，或一直煮到肉变烂为止。
②Choose
a
time
when
stress
is
at
a
minimum
and
you
have
a
support
network.
选择压力最小的时候，此外还要有周围的人支持你。
③We
finished
the
big
project
at
the
minimum
of
cost.
我们以最低的成本完成了那个大项目。
④We
need
to
keep
costs
to
a
minimum.
我们必须将成本保持在最低限度。
(1)单句语法填空
①
a
minimum,
the
space
should
not
be
dull
and
depressing.
②You
know
you're
supposed
to
keep
personal
calls
a
minimum.
答案：①At ②to
(2)单句写作
他一天最少吸10支烟。
He
smokes
ten
cigarettes
a
day.
答案：a
minimum
of
学习效果
随堂演练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．(2019·北京高考)With
her
dad's
permission,
she
spent
the
next
two
years
researching
online
and
conducting
trials
to
get
a
(食谱)
that
was
both
tasty
and
tooth?friendly.
答案：recipe
2．The
wine
made
him
(大胆自信的)
enough
to
approach
her.
答案：bold
3．The
hotel
restaurant
is
noted
for
its
excellent
(菜肴)．
答案：cuisine
4．(2019·天津高考)I
was
extremely
inspired
by
the
(讲究的)
way
the
words
sounded.
答案：elegant
5．Compared
with
developing
countries,
developed
countries
(消耗)
more
energy.
答案：consume
6．James
works
as
an
assistant
c
at
a
fast
food
restaurant.
答案：chef
7．At
the
age
of
five
he
showed
e
talent
as
a
musician.
答案：exceptional
8．He
had
a
terrible
t
，
and
sometimes
he
would
completely
lose
control.
答案：temper
9．I'd
like
to
add
some
white
pepper
to
the
b
curd.
答案：bean
10．Some
examples
of
j
food
are
candy,
sweets
and
potato
chips.
答案：junk
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．It
is
important
to
enrich
the
soil
prior
planting.
答案：to
2．The
old
lady
is
a
(vegetable)
and
never
touches
meat.
答案：vegetarian
3．She
was
a
bad
temper
when
I
met
her.
答案：in
4．True
education
does
not
consist
simply
being
taught
facts.
答案：in
5．I
prefer
(fry)
potatoes
to
mashed
potatoes.
答案：fried
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．(2019·浙江高考)摇滚乐由许多不同的风格构成。
Rock
music
many
different
styles.
答案：consists
of
2．他把世界纪录缩短了两秒。
He
two
seconds
the
world
record.
答案：sliced;
off
3．这个枕头里塞满了棉花。
The
pillow
cotton.
答案：is
stuffed
with
4．我们吃了伊朗式的快餐，有米饭、酸奶、羊肉串和生洋葱。
We
have
Iranian
fast
food,
which
consists
of
rice,
yogurt,
and
raw
onion.
答案：lamb
kebab
5．在报告中，请确保至少列出以下事项。
In
the
report,
be
sure
to
list
the
following
items
.
答案：at
a
minimum
课后课时作业(一)
Ⅰ 语言运用
Last
year
I
went
to
America
and
stayed
there
with
an
American
family
for
two
months.
1
is
said,
“The
best
house
is
in
America,
the
best
wife
is
in
Japan,
and
the
best
food
is
in
China.”
So
I
2
pride
and
pleasure
to
3
“the
best
food”
for
my
American
family.
Each
day,
regardless
of
my
poor
skill
of
cooking,
I
would
do
something
in
a
4
way:
changing
the
dishes
color,
the
meat's
type
or
the
soup's
style.
Thus,
my
American
friends
could
discover
the
5
of
eating
Chinese
food.
Because
of
my
“
6
”
job,
I
was
often
rewarded
by
their
7
of
thanks
such
as
“very
delicious”，
“excellent”，
etc.
8
something
funny
happened
yesterday
when
I
cooked
Sichuan－style
fish
for
dinner.
I
was
9
with
my
work.
When
the
whole
family
sat
round
the
table,
they
first
looked
10
at
the
fish,
then
looked
at
me.
“Why
do
all
the
fish
have
their
11
？”
they
asked,
“It's
terrible！”
12
or
terrible?
I
can't
understand.
But
I
do
know
that
fish
heads
are
delicious.
The
head
is
the
13
part
of
fish;
in
14
only
the
important
guest
can
have
the
15
of
enjoying
it.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在美国期间的经历以及由于饮食文化习俗不同而发生的有趣的事。
1．A.That
B．Which
C．It
D．As
答案：D as
is
said意为“据说”，故选D。
2．A.took
B．shared
C．held
D．had
答案：A 此处指“我”为能为美国家人烹饪“最好的食物”而自豪和高兴。take
pride
and
pleasure
in
doing
sth.
“以做某事而自豪和高兴”。
故选A。
3．A.leave
B．fetch
C．cook
D．buy
答案：C 上文提到“the
best
food
is
in
China”，再根据下文内容可知，是为他们烹饪(cook)，故选C。
4．A.simple
B．new
C．same
D．magic
答案：B “我”总是用新(new)方法做一些食物，故选B。
5．A.importance
B．joy
C．trouble
D．way
答案：B joy
“快乐，乐趣”。此处指“我”不断用新方法烹饪，于是美国朋友发现吃中国食物的乐趣。故选B。
6．A.new
B．daily
C．good
D．hard
答案：C 由下面引号里他们夸奖“我”的内容可知，他们认为“我”做得好。故选C。
7．A.smile
B．flowers
C．talk
D．expressions
答案：D expressions
of
thanks
“感谢的话”，此处指他们夸奖“我”的话，故选D。
8．A.However
B．But
C．So
D．And
答案：B 通过上下文比较可知，此处表示转折，且没有逗号与后面分开，故选B。
9．A.surprised
B．pleased
C．strict
D．proud
答案：B 此处指“我”对自己的作品很满意。be
pleased
with
“对……满意”。故选B。
10．A.worriedly
B．excitedly
C．surprisedly
D．happily
答案：C 此处指他们先吃惊地(surprisedly)地看看鱼，然后又看看“我”。根据下文提的问题可知，他们很吃惊，故选C。
11．A.heads
B．skins
C．tails
D．bones
答案：A 根据下文的“But
I
do
know
that
fish
heads
are
delicious.”可知，他们问为什么这些鱼还有头？故选A。
12．A.Particular
B．Wonderful
C．Comfortable
D．Beautiful
答案：D particular
“特别的”；wonderful
“奇妙的”；comfortable
“舒适的”；beautiful
“美丽的，好看的”。此处表示疑问，美国朋友感到惊讶是因为鱼头好看还是因为恐怖？“我”不理解。故选D。
13．A.biggest
B．best
C．dearest
D．lightest
答案：B “我”认为鱼头是鱼身上最好的一部分。故选B。
14．A.the
West
B．USA
C．China
D．the
East
答案：C 此处指在中国，只有主要的客人才会有幸享用鱼头。故选C。
15．A.ability
B．safety
C．chance
D．honor
答案：D honor
“荣誉”。此处指在中国，只有主要的客人才有荣幸享用它。故选D。
Ⅱ 阅读
Chinese
Culture
Shown
to
the
World
with
Love
Li
Ziqi,
a
short
video
blogger
specializing
in
traditional
Chinese
cooking
and
handicrafts,
has
gained
worldwide
popularity.
Li
has
about
20
million
followers
on
Sina
Weibo,
China's
equivalent
to
Twitter,
plus
7
million
followers
on
overseas
social
media
networks.
Many
foreigners
say
they
have
got
to
know
traditional
Chinese
food
culture
via
her
channel.
It
is
the
spirit
of
craftsmanship
(技艺)
behind
her
works
that
makes
Li's
video
clips
attractive.
She
strictly
follows
the
authentic
traditional
steps
and
procedures
in
making
traditional
Chinese
food
and
handicrafts,
such
as
peach
flower
wine
and
silk,
and
goes
to
great
lengths
to
ensure
her
videos
are
accurate.
Sometimes
she
spends
several
months
producing
one
of
her
videos.
Li
has
been
inheriting
traditional
Chinese
culture
in
a
rather
creative
way.
A
closer
look
at
her
videos
will
show
that
they
are
never
with
any
“analysis”
that
makes
people
feel
bored.
They
just
show
audiences
each
and
every
detail
of
traditional
Chinese
culture
so
that
the
latter
knows
how
Chinese
live
their
beautiful
and
elegant
lives.
It
is
that
universal
appeal
that
makes
her
works
so
attractive.
Thanks
to
Li's
efforts,
many
intangible
cultural
heritages
that
only
existed
in
memories
and
written
records
now
appear
before
our
eyes.
Via
her
short
videos,
Li
presents
the
image
of
a
beautiful
and
friendly
China.
With
the
growth
of
the
Chinese
economy,
people
overseas
are
showing
more
interest
in
traditional
Chinese
culture.
Li
has
shown
how
to
satisfy
that
interest
in
a
good
way,
namely
showing
the
best
parts
of
traditional
Chinese
culture
with
her
heart.
To
effectively
present
the
beauty
of
Chinese
culture
to
the
world,
we
need
more
Li
Ziqi.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了以拍摄中国古风美食短视频出名的李子柒如何把中国人传统而本真的生活方式呈现出来，让现代都市人找到一种心灵的归属感，也让世界了解了一种中国饮食文化。
1．What
can
we
learn
about
Li
Ziqi's
video
clips?
A．They
promote
the
sales
of
Chinese
food
and
handicrafts.
B．They
attract
a
large
number
of
foreigners
to
visit
her
online
shop.
C．They
aim
to
introduce
traditional
Chinese
food
culture
and
handicrafts
worldwide.
D．They
are
based
on
her
family's
recipes
of
making
traditional
Chinese
food.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段“Li
Ziqi,
a
short
video
blogger
specializing
in
traditional
Chinesecooking
and
handicrafts,
has
gained
worldwide
popularity.”以及第二段最后一句“Many
foreigners
say
they
have
got
toknow
traditional
Chinese
food
culture
via
her
channel.”可知，专注于中国传统烹饪和手工艺品的短视频博客作者李子柒在全球范围内广受欢迎，外国友人通过她的频道了解了中国传统饮食文化。故选
C。
2．What
could
be
inferred
from
Paragraph
3
and
Paragraph
4?
A．Analysis
of
Chinese
culture
in
Li's
videos
makes
people
bored.
B．Details
and
accuracy
play
significant
roles
in
the
success
of
Li's
videos.
C．Li
makes
sure
all
of
her
video
clips
are
short
enough
to
be
downloaded.
D．Cultural
heritages
usually
exist
in
memories
and
written
accounts.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“She
strictly
follows
the
authentic
traditional
steps
and
procedures
...,
andgoes
to
great
lengths
to
ensure
her
videos
are
accurate.”以及第四段第三句“They
just
show
audiences
eachand
every
detail
of
traditional
Chinese
culture
so
that
the
latter
knows
how
Chinese
live
their
beautiful
andelegant
lives.”可知，在制作中国传统食品和手工艺品时，李子柒严格遵循地道的传统步骤和程序，并竭尽全力确保视频的准确性。她的视频向观众展示传统中国文化的每一个细节，以便让观众了解中国人如何过着美丽而优雅的生活。因此，准确度和细节是李子柒的视频如此受欢迎的主要原因，故选
B。
3．What
does
the
underlined
word
“intangible”
in
Paragraph
4
mean?
A．Nonphysical.
B．Inaccessible.
C．Invaluable.
D．Unnoticeable.
答案：A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的修饰语“...
that
only
existed
in
memories
and
written
records
now
appear
before
our
eyes”可知，在李子柒的努力下，许多仅存在于记忆和书面记录中的非物质文化遗产现在出现在我们眼前。结合cultural
heritages与本文的语境，可知画线词意为“无形的、
触摸不到的、非物质的”，故选
A。
4．What
is
the
author's
purpose
in
writing
the
passage?
A．To
provide
guidance
on
cooking
and
making
handicrafts.
B．To
suggest
a
way
of
attracting
more
followers
on
Sina
Weibo.
C．To
give
an
example
of
how
to
gain
worldwide
popularity
as
a
short
video
blogger.
D．To
encourage
more
people
to
make
efforts
to
bring
Chinese
culture
to
the
world.
答案：D 主旨大意题。根据第五段第二句“Li
has
shown
how
to
satisfy
that
interest
in
a
good
way,
namely
showing
the
best
parts
of
traditional
Chinese
culture
with
her
heart.”以及最后一段“To
effectively
present
thebeauty
of
Chinese
culture
to
the
world，we
need
more
Li
Ziqi.”可知，本文主要介绍了以拍摄古风美食短视频出名的李子柒把中国人传统而本真的生活方式呈现出来，向世界打开美丽中国的一扇窗口，让世界了解了中国文化。作者希望未来有更多像李子柒这样的人物向世界展示和推广中国传统文化，故选D。
1．via
prep.
经由；通过
2.inherit
v.
继承
equivalent
to
相当于
Ⅲ 语法填空
(2020·河北省衡水中学高三上调研)For
those
who
travel
to
China,
the
scenic
spots
and
ancient
civilization
are
1
(attract)
things,
and
so
is
Chinese
food
and
drink.
Like
music,
dance
and
painting,
eating
is
also
an
art
in
China
and
Chinese
cuisine
2
(list)
as
one
of
the
top
in
the
field
of
world
cuisines.
Nobody
could
tell
exactly
how
many
restaurants
a
specific
city
has,
let
alone
the
roadside
eateries
(饭馆)
3
(distribute)
in
streets
and
back
lanes.
Wherever
you
would
like
to
eat,
in
the
restaurants
4
the
roadside
eateries,
make
sure
that
the
restaurant
is
clean
and
the
food
has
been
5
(fresh)
prepared
and
is
hot.
Chinese
regard
eating
as
an
art,
6
is
a
comprehensive
combination
of
sight,
smell,
touch,
taste
and
even
sound.
Chinese
cuisine
is
an
important
branch
from
the
Chinese
culture,
and
the
core
is
taste
while
the
purpose
is
7
(preserve)
health.
It
is
a
perfect
combination
of
color,
shape,
8
(appear)
and
flavor.
Delicious
and
nutritious
food
has
been
regarded
the
basics
of
ordinary
life.
Chinese
cuisine
has
a
long
history
and
is
famous
worldwide
9
its
rich
tastes
and
delightful
colors.
The
difference
in
local
climate,
history
and
eating
customs
in
each
region
has
produced
local
dishes
and
snacks
with
their
own
10
(characteristic)．
1．
2.
3.
4.
5．
6.
7.
8.
9．
10.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。旅游景点和古代文明是有吸引力的东西，中国的食品和饮料也是如此。饮食也是一门艺术，中国菜在世界美食领域也是首屈一指的。
1．attractive 考查词性转换。attractive是形容词“具有吸引力的”，在此作定语修饰名词things，故填attractive。
2．is
listed 考查动词的语态。Chinese
cuisine中国菜与list之间是被动关系，故填is
listed。
3．distributed 考查非谓语动词。eateries与动词distribute之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词在句中作定语，故填distributed。
4．or 考查连词。在饭店或者路边餐馆，一定要干净的。所以用连词or
“或者”。
5．freshly 考查词性转换。此处用副词freshly修饰动词prepare。
6．which 考查定语从句的引导词。这是一个非限制性定语从句，用which来引导。
7．to
preserve 考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式在句中作表语，故填to
preserve。
8．appearance 考查名词。分析句子可知color,
shape
flavor都是并列的名词，所以此处用名词appearance。
9．for 考查介词。be
famous
for
“因……而出名”，因为它的美味和颜色而闻名于世界，故填for。
10．characteristics 考查名词。characteristic是可数名词“特性，特色”，它们自己的特色，所以用复数形式，故填characteristics。
Ⅳ 应用文写作
假定你是李华，你市将主办第一届国际中国美食节(the
First
International
Chinese
Food
Festival)。请你给外教Mr
Green发一封电子邮件邀请他一同前往。内容要点如下：
1．美食节的时间、地点；
2．活动的主要内容；
3．交通方式。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear
Mr
Green，
Yours，
Li
Hua
[精彩范文]
Dear
Mr
Green，
In
order
to
spread
Chinese
food
culture,
my
city
is
going
to
host
the
First
International
Chinese
Food
Festival
in
two
weeks.
I'm
writing
to
invite
you
to
attend
it
with
me.
It
is
to
take
place
in
the
City
Square
from
14
to
16
in
October.
Some
chefs
will
demonstrate
key
Chinese
cooking
skills
with
a
wide
variety
of
Chinese
food
raw
materials
on
display.
I
think
it
is
a
good
chance
for
you
to
experience
Chinese
culture.
Since
the
City
Square
is
located
downtown,
we
can
get
there
by
bus
or
underground.
Looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours，
Li
Hua
课后课时作业(二)
阅读
A
(2020·江西省抚州市高二上期末)Growing
up
in
England
with
a
British
father
and
a
Chinese
mother,
I've
enjoyed
food
from
both
countries
ever
since
I
was
able
to
hold
a
knife
and
fork
and
chopsticks!
Mum
has
sweet
memories
of
the
food
from
her
hometown
in
Sichuan,
and
often
cooks
spicy
dishes.
Thanks
to
this,
Dad
has
come
to
love
hot
pot!
But
there
are
still
some
dishes
that
Dad
dare
not
try
even
after
many
years
of
marriage
to
my
mother.
Even
today
he
still
does
not
take
to
eating
things
like
chicken
feet.
But
I
enjoy
that
sort
of
food
myself.
Last
week,
I
went
to
the
butcher's
and
asked,
“Do
you
have
pigs'
ears？”
“No，”
the
butcher
said,
pulling
at
his
own
ears,
“just
these
ordinary
ones.”
He
must
have
thought
I
was
joking.
Dad
can
cook
a
super
“full
English
breakfast”
of
bacon,
eggs,
beans,
sausages
and
toast
with
butter.
Mum
and
I
just
have
to
find
a
way
to
get
him
into
the
kitchen!
He
also
does
a
typical
Sunday
roast.
We
all
love
roast
beef
and
vegetables.
I'll
never
forget
my
first
visit
to
China.
Mum
encouraged
me
to
try
different
kinds
of
food.
But
just
when
I
thought
I
could
deal
with
all
Chinese
food,
I
came
across
stinky
tofu,
a
horrible
grey
thing
that
looked
and
smelt
like
a
burnt
sports
shoe.
I
gathered
all
my
courage
to
take
a
bite
and
was
amazed
to
find
it
wasn't
so
bad.
It
reminded
me
of
blue
cheese,
a
similarly
strong
smelling
type
of
food
you
either
love
or
hate.
Maybe
I'll
fall
in
love
with
stinky
tofu,
someday.
People
say
that
one
man's
meat
is
another
man's
poison,
but
I
feel
at
home
with
food
from
both
my
cultures.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一个中英混血儿，经历着两种不同的文化，在饮食上也是妙趣横生。
1．What
can
we
learn
from
this
passage?
A．I
have
enjoyed
the
food
from
two
cultures
since
a
little
child.
B．Because
of
my
Mum,
Dad
loves
all
kinds
of
Chinese
food.
C．We
all
like
roast
beef
and
vegetables
except
Mum.
D．I
have
fallen
in
love
with
the
stinky
tofu
now.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I've
enjoyed
food
from
both
countries
ever
since
I
was
able
to
hold
a
knife
and
fork
and
chopsticks”可知，“我”从小就喜欢两个国家的美食。故选A。
2．What
kind
of
person
did
the
butcher
probably
think
the
author
was?
A．Generous.
B．Mean.
C．Humorous.
D．Serious.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“pulling
at
his
own
ears,
‘just
these
ordinary
ones.’
He
must
have
thought
I
was
joking.”可知，他以为“我”是在开玩笑，由此可推知，屠户或许以为“我”是幽默的。故选C。
3．What
does
the
underlined
part
in
Paragraph
2
probably
mean?
A．Resist.
B．Like.
C．Allow.
D．Mind.
答案：B 词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句“Thanks
to
this,
Dad
has
come
to
love
hot
pot！”可知，爸爸妈妈结婚后爸爸也是逐渐喜欢上了辣的食物；本段第三句“But
there
are
still
some
dishes
that
Dad
dare
not
try
even
after
many
years
of
marriage
to
my
mother.”但是有一些食物是爸爸从来不敢尝试的；结合后面的“Even
today
he
still”可推知，take
to意为like，故选B。
1．dare
v.
敢于
2．stinky
adj.
十分难闻的；令人厌恶的
remind
of
提醒；使回想起
B
There
is
more
of
a
connection
between
food
and
culture
than
you
may
think.
On
an
individual
level,
we
grow
up
eating
the
food
of
our
culture.
It
becomes
a
part
of
who
we
are.
Many
associate
food
from
our
childhood
with
warm
feelings
and
good
memories
and
it
ties
us
to
our
families,
holding
a
special
and
personal
value
for
us.
Food
from
our
family
often
becomes
the
comfort
food
we
seek
as
adults
in
times
of
frustration
and
stress.
On
a
large
scale,
traditional
food
is
an
important
part
of
culture.
It
also
operates
as
an
expression
of
culture
identity.
Immigrants
bring
it
wherever
they
go,
and
it
is
a
symbol
of
pride
for
their
culture
and
means
of
coping
with
homesickness.
Many
immigrants
open
their
own
restaurants
and
serve
traditional
dishes.
However,
the
food
does
not
remain
exactly
the
same.
Some
materials
needed
to
make
traditional
dishes
may
not
be
readily
available,
so
the
taste
and
flavor
can
be
different
from
what
they
would
prepare
in
their
home
countries.
Additionally，
immigrants
do
not
only
sell
dishes
to
people
from
the
same
countries
as
them,
but
to
people
from
different
countries.
Therefore,
they
have
to
make
small
changes
about
the
original
dishes
to
cater
to
a
wider
range
of
customers.
Those
changes
can
create
new
flavors
that
still
keep
the
cultural
significance
of
the
dishes.
We
should
embrace
our
heritage
through
our
culture's
food
but
also
become
more
informed
about
other
cultures
by
trying
their
food.
It
is
important
to
remember
that
each
dish
has
a
special
place
in
the
culture
to
which
it
belongs,
and
is
special
to
those
who
prepare
it.
Food
is
a
window
into
culture,
and
it
should
be
treated
as
such.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。作者从食物与文化的关系的角度表达了自己的看法，作者认为传统食物是文化的重要组成部分，它也是一种文化身份的表达，食物是了解文化的窗口。
4．What's
the
function
of
food
mentioned
in
the
article?
A．To
help
motivate
homesickness.
B．To
show
national
identity.
C．To
reflect
a
country's
history.
D．To
show
a
community's
superiority.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“It
also
operates
as
an
expression
of
culture
identity.
Immigrants
bring
it
wherever
they
go,
and
it
is
a
symbol
of
pride
for
their
culture
and
means
of
coping
with
homesickness.”可知文中提到食物是一种文化身份的表达，故选B。
5．What
does
the
underlined
“it”
in
Paragraph
2
refer
to?
A．The
specific
traditional
food.
B．The
national
culture.
C．A
traditional
expression
of
food.
D．The
old?fashioned
taste.
答案：A 词义猜测题。it所在句句意：移民们把它带到任何地方，它是他们的文化自豪感的象征，也是应对思乡之情的方法。故此处it指传统食物。故选A。
6．Why
do
some
immigrants
have
to
change
the
original
dishes
in
their
restaurant?
A．To
attach
cultural
importance
to
their
dishes.
B．To
announce
the
beginning
of
their
life
on
foreign
soil.
C．To
make
the
dishes
popular
among
customers.
D．To
present
their
own
food
culture
in
a
new
way.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“Additionally,
immigrants
do
not
only
sell
dishes
to
people
from
the
same
countries
as
them,
but
to
people
from
different
countries.”可知，一些移民不得不对他们的菜肴做出些许改变以迎合不同的顾客。故选C。
additionally
adv.
此外；另外
1．in
times
of
在……的时期
2．cope
with
应对；对付
C
Chinese
people
are,
quite
rightly,
proud
of
their
food.
However,
when
foreigners
like
Britons
and
Americans
think
of
Chinese
food,
their
impression
of
it
is
different
to
what
you
might
think.
Growing
up
in
the
UK,
the
Chinese
food
I
was
used
to
eating
was
food
I
now
recognize
as
being
from
Guangdong.
For
example,
a
typical
dish
I
would
order
would
be
pork
in
sweet
and
sour
sauce,
probably
with
some
rice
and
spring
rolls
on
the
side.
This
is
the
type
of
food
we
generally
eat
because
most
Chinese
immigrants
to
the
UK
have
come
from
Guangdong.
You
can
tell,
because
when
most
British
people
try
to
copy
the
sound
of
Chinese,
they
actually
copy
the
sound
of
Guangdong
people—hearing
the
real
Putonghua
is
sometimes
a
shock
to
British
people
who
have
grown
up
thinking
it
sounds
completely
different!
British
attitudes
to
Chinese
food
may
be
changing,
though.
Chinese?American
chef
Ken
Hom
has
been
on
British
TV
for
30
years,
and
he
told
BBC
Food:
“Chinese
food
at
the
beginning
of
the
80s
(in
the
UK)
was
sweet
and
sour
pork,
mainly.
Most
Brits
had
the
unchangeable
view
of
Chinese
food.
Now
you
are
seeing
more
local
Chinese
food
from
Sichuan,
Hunan
and
other
areas
of
China.
It
is
no
longer
just
Guangdong
food.”
Similarly,
to
most
Americans,
Chinese
food
doesn't
go
too
far
past
orange
chicken
and
fortune
cookies,
but
more
Chinese
local
dishes
are
becoming
successful,
especially
in
big
cities
like
New
York.
Attitudes
have
not
quite
changed
completely,
though.
Many
foreigners
who
live
in
China
will
be
familiar
with
this
question
from
a
relative
back
at
home:
“Have
they
given
you
dog
yet？”
Yes,
perhaps
because
people
still
know
too
little
about
Chinese
culture,
many
people
believe
that
Chinese
people
love
to
eat
dog
meat.
And
of
course,
some
people
do
eat
dogs,
which
to
Americans
is
like
“eating
a
member
of
one's
family”
according
to
Vision
Times.
Also,
Chinese
people
eat
many
other
things
people
in
the
West
do
not—chicken
claws,
duck
heads
and
some
animals'
organs.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了国外对于中国食品的刻板印象有些已经变化，由于文化差异的缘故，有些刻板印象仍然存在。
7．Why
are
some
British
people
surprised
when
they
hear
the
real
Putonghua?
A．Because
it
sounds
too
funny
to
believe.
B．Because
it's
different
from
what
they
hear.
C．Because
they
all
find
it
hard
to
learn.
D．Because
nobody
has
been
to
China
before.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句至本段末“This
is
the
type
of
food
we
generally
eat
because
most
Chinese
immigrants
to
the
UK
have
come
from
Guangdong.
You
can
tell,
because
when
most
British
people
try
to
copy
the
sound
of
Chinese,
they
actually
copy
the
sound
of
Guangdong
people—hearing
the
real
Putonghua
is
sometimes
a
shock
to
British
people
who
have
grown
up
thinking
it
sounds
completely
different！”可知当一些英国人听到真正的普通话时，他们发现和他们听到的不同，因为那些外国人接触的大多数中国移民来自广东，故选B。
8．What
does
chef
Ken
Hom
think
of
the
present
Chinese
food?
A．Popular.
B．Tastier.
C．Richer.
D．Best.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Now
you
are
seeing
more
local
Chinese
food
from
Sichuan,
Hunan
and
other
areas
of
China.
It
is
no
longer
just
Guangdong
food.”，可知Ken
Hom认为目前的中国食物应该是更丰富了，故选C。
9．How
does
Paragraph
3
develop?
A．By
giving
examples.
B．By
making
inferences.
C．By
analyzing.
D．By
reasoning.
答案：A 推理判断题。第三段中的“British
attitudes
to
Chinese
food
may
be
changing”英国人对中国菜的态度可能正在改变，举出了Chinese?American
chef
Ken
Hom等例子，因此本段通过举例来展开。故选A。
10．What
can
we
infer
from
“Have
they
given
you
dog
yet？”？
A．Foreigners
don't
like
eating
dog
meat
at
all.
B．Chinese
hate
dogs
so
they
often
eat
them.
C．Chinese
eat
everything
including
dog
meat.
D．There
are
differences
between
cultures.
答案：D 推理判断题。第四段第一句“Attitudes
have
not
quite
changed
completely,
though.”不过，人们的态度并没有完全改变，然后提到了许多外国人仍然会问从中国归来的人他们给你狗肉了吗，说明了本段的主题句，即文化差异仍然存在，外国人对于中国食物的印象并未完全改变。故选D。
1．typical
adj.
典型的
2．shock
n.
震惊；令人震惊的事
be
familiar
with
对……熟悉Section
Ⅱ Learning
About
Language
(Grammar)
基础知识
预习自检
重点词汇
1．stable
adj.
稳定的；稳重的→stably
adv.
稳定地；坚固地
2．slice
off
切下
3．consist
of
由……组成(或构成)
4．roll
in
dough
很有钱；赚大钱
5．pepper
his
speech
使他的演讲充满
6．bring
home
the
bacon
养家糊口；赚钱养家
7．a
ham
actor
一个拙劣的演员
8．a
hot
potato
烫手山芋
9．a
piece
of
cake
小菜一碟；小事一桩
10．as
flat
as
a
pancake
非常平坦
教材原句
1．Some
traditional
(中国菜)
from
before
the
Ming
Dynasty
are
still
popular
today.
答案：Chinese
dishes
2．People
in
this
area
would
eat
nearly
(一公斤的奶酪)
per
week.
答案：a
kilo
of
cheese
3．He
prefers
this
brand
of
coffee
which,
(正如他所说),
has
an
unusually
good
flavour.
答案：as
he
said
4．Public
(关注)
the
health
of
farm
animals
has
mushroomed
in
the
UK.
答案：concern
for
5．The
media
reported
that
these
companies
(把污染当作)
a
hot
potato.
答案：had
treated
pollution
as
6．Don't
(担心)
the
test
tomorrow.
It's
going
to
be
a
piece
of
cake!
答案：worry
about
7．A
new
farm?to?table
restaurant
(已经建立了)
by
the
chef
before
his
new
cookbook
was
published.
答案：had
been
set
up
8．Their
dinner
(已经结束了)
by
the
time
Sam
joined
them.
答案：had
been
finished
9．We
arrived
late
for
supper
that
day,
and
so
we
just
ate
whatever
was
left
(在大学餐厅)．
答案：in
the
university
canteen
10．The
get?together
was
cancelled
yesterday
morning
because
Sally,
the
hostess,
(出了车祸)．
答案：had
got
into
a
car
accident
重点知识
合作探究
He
prefers
this
brand
of
coffee
which,
as
he
said,
has
an
unusually
good
flavour.(教材P28)他更喜欢这种牌子的咖啡，正如他所说，它的味道特别好。
剖析
句中as
he
said是插入语，意为“正如他所说”。去掉该插入语后，原句应为He
prefers
this
brand
of
coffee
which
has
an
unusually
good
flavour。
归纳拓展
①I
think,
she
has
no
feeling
for
your
trouble.
＝She,
I
think,
has
no
feeling
for
your
trouble.
我想，她对你的遭遇无动于衷。
②This
man
is
good
for
nothing,
as
you
know.
正如你所说的，这个人一无是处。
③These
shoes
are
very
popular,
they're
sturdy,
and
what's
more,
they're
cheap.
这种鞋结实耐穿，加以价格便宜，很受群众欢迎。
单句写作
①我相信这种饮食对你的健康有好处。
This
diet,
，
will
do
good
to
your
health.
②有些动物只是半冬眠，就是说，它们的睡眠并不是深度睡眠。
Some
animals
only
half?hibernate,
，
their
sleep
is
not
such
a
deep
one.
③他不能通过这次考试，因为他学习不认真，更何况他又不太聪明。
He
can't
pass
the
exam,
because
he
doesn't
study
hard.
，
he
isn't
so
clever.
答案：①I
believe ②that
is
to
say ③What's
more
Grammer——过去完成时与过去完成时的被动语态
单句语法填空
1．By
the
end
of
the
holiday
I
(spend)
all
my
money.
答案：had
spent
2．We
discovered
that
our
luggage
(steal).
答案：had
been
stolen
3．I
(be)
at
the
bus
stop
for
20
minutes
when
a
bus
finally
came.
答案：had
been
4．He
said
the
ink
(not
remove)
from
his
clothes.
答案：had
not
been
removed
5．She
didn't
go
to
bed
until
she
(finish)
her
work.
答案：had
finished
6．We
(mean)
to
tell
her
the
news
but
found
that
she
wasn't
in.
答案：had
meant
1．过去完成时的三种形式
(1)肯定结构：主语＋had＋done＋其他成分
He
had
already
been
to
New
York
earlier
this
week.
本周早些时候他去过纽约。
(2)否定结构：主语＋had
not＋done＋其他成分
The
country
had
not
yet
recovered
from
the
effects
of
the
war.
这个国家尚未从战争的影响下复原。
(3)疑问句结构：had＋主语＋done＋其他成分？
疑问词＋had＋主语＋done＋其他成分？
Had
the
movie
been
on
for
half
an
hour
when
you
got
to
the
cinema?
当你们到达电影院时，电影开始了半个小时了吗？
When
had
he
done
the
job?
他什么时候做的这项工作？
2．过去完成时的被动语态的三种形式
(1)肯定结构：主语＋had＋been
done＋其他成分
The
earthquake
had
been
predicted
several
days
before.
这次地震早在几天前就已预报了。
(2)否定结构：主语＋had
not＋been
done＋其他成分
The
cat
had
not
been
fed
for
weeks
and
was
just
a
bag
of
bones.
那只猫已有几个星期没喂食了，简直成了皮包骨。
(3)疑问句结构：had＋主语＋been
done＋其他成分？
疑问词＋had＋主语＋been
done＋其他成分？
Had
the
work
been
done
before
you
came?
你来之前工作做完了吗？
When
had
Leishenshan
Hospital
been
built?
雷神山医院是什么时候建成的？
1．表示较早的过去
表示较早的过去，即过去某一时刻之前已完成的动作或状态，句中常用by,
before,
until,
when等词引导时间状语。
When
she
heard
that
her
father
had
died
in
the
accident，she
burst
out
crying.
当她听说她父亲在那次事故中丧生时便大哭起来。
By
the
time
he
got
to
the
school,
the
first
period
had
been
finished.
他到学校时，第一节课已经结束了。
How
many
buildings
had
been
destroyed
when
the
hurricane
ended?
飓风结束时有多少建筑物被毁？
2．用于宾语从句
过去完成时表示一个过去的动作先于另一个过去动作的用法，多见于宾语从句。一般说来，主句中用了say,
know,
realize,
think,
suppose,
guess,
find,
discover,
decide,
remember,
forget等动词的一般过去时，如果宾语从句中的动作先于主句的动作，通常用过去完成时。
We
realized
we
had
lost
our
way.
我们意识到我们迷路了。
They
said
the
production
costs
had
been
reduced.
他们说生产成本已经降低了。
The
boy
was
reminded
that
his
homework
had
not
been
handed
in.
有人提醒那个男孩，他的作业还没交。
3．用于状语从句
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。
He
had
learned
to
play
the
piano
before
he
was
11
years
old.
他在11岁以前就学会了弹钢琴。
When
I
woke
up,
it
had
already
stopped
raining.
我醒来时雨已停了。
如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含before和after的复合句中，因为从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。
4．用于虚拟语气
表示意向的动词，如hope,
wish,
expect,
think,
intend,
mean,
suppose，用过去完成时表示“原本……，未能……”。
(2019·天津高考)I
had
hoped
to
send
Peter
a
gift
to
congratulate
him
on
his
marriage,
but
I
couldn't
manage
it.
我本想送彼得一份礼物祝贺他结婚，但我没有做到。
I
must
admit
I
had
expected
him
to
tell
me
the
truth.
我必须承认我本指望他告诉我实情的。
单句语法填空
①The
train
(leave)
before
we
reached
the
station.
②As
the
assignment
(do),
he
went
on
to
search
the
Internet.
③Seeing
him
rush
into
the
room
with
tears
in
his
eyes,
I
asked
him
what
(happen)．
④Financial
problems
of
the
company
(discuss)
for
three
hours
by
six
o'clock.
⑤He
said
the
problem
(not
solve)
yet.
答案：①had
left ②had
been
done ③had
happened ④had
been
discussed ⑤hadn't
been
solved
学习效果
随堂演练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They
have
sold
out
of
the
(品牌)
that
I
like.
答案：brand
2．It
is
the
only
product
in
our
range
that
contains
animal
(成分)．
答案：ingredient
3．The
(橄榄)
tree
has
always
been
a
valuable
source
of
food
and
oil.
答案：olive
4．Food
webs
may
be
dominated
by
many
weak
links
because
that
arrangement
is
more
(稳定的)
over
the
long
term.
答案：stable
5．We
can
eat
in
the
(自助餐厅),
but
we
can't
eat
in
the
classroom.
答案：cafeteria
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The
patient
is
going
to
have
his
temperature
(take)．
答案：taken
2．He
said
the
media
training
industry
(mushroom)
over
the
past
decade.
答案：had
mushroomed
3．I
didn't
know
a
thing
about
the
verbs,
for
I
(not
study)
my
lesson.
答案：had
not
studied
4．I
received
the
sad
news
that
he
(kill)
in
a
motorcycle
accident.
答案：had
been
killed
5．Jack
isn't
popular
with
many
old
people
for
his
(overemphasis)
body
language.
答案：overemphasised
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．巧克力液是一种甜的糖浆含有巧克力、糖和其他成分。
Chocolate
liquor
is
a
sweet
syrup
containing
chocolate,
sugar
and
.
答案：other
ingredients
2．她丢失的钥匙找到了。
She
found
the
key
that
she
.
答案：had
lost
3．事先征求了他的意见，他并没有提出异议。
He
and
had
raised
no
objections.
答案：had
been
consulted
4．说他被监禁的谣言不久就传开了。
A
rumor
was
soon
handed
round
that
he
into
prison.
答案：had
been
thrown
5．如果你守规矩，你就不大会遇到麻烦。
If
you
keep
the
rules,
you
are
not
likely
to
.
答案：get
into
trouble
课后课时作业
Ⅰ 阅读
A
(2020·河南省林州市第一中学高二上学期英语入学考试)Tin
Tin
Restaurant,
a
Chinese
restaurant
located
in
central
Nairobi,
has
been
serving
local
Kenyans
for
nearly
four
decades
with
its
delicious
dishes
and
unique
cultural
background.
“This
is
a
restaurant
definitely
worth
a
try，”
said
Steven,
a
local
resident
in
his
30s.
“It
has
provided
Chinese
food
since
my
grandfather's
time.”
According
to
Henry
Tin,
the
restaurant
owner,
Tin
Tin
was
established
in
1978
at
the
heart
of
the
Nairobi
Central
Business
District,
upholding
Chinese
cuisines
while
adapting
to
Kenyan
preferences.
For
years,
it
has
become
a
defining
part
of
the
city's
landmark—Kenya
International
Conference
Center—attracting
lots
of
office
workers
nearby
and
even
presidential
customers.
“The
former
president
of
Kenya,
Moi,
was
a
very
good
customer
for
us.
He
came
almost
always
in
cash.
Then
former
president
Mwai
Kibaki
and
now
president
Uhuru.
They
all
like
to
enjoy
our
food，”
Tin
said.
Danis,
an
office
worker
of
an
insurance
company
near
the
KICC
says
he
is
a
frequenter
of
the
restaurant.
“It
is
the
only
Chinese
restaurant
in
the
highly
competitive
downtown
area.
Besides,
its
food
has
been
adapted
to
our
taste，”
Danis
said,
“My
favorite
dishes
are
fried
shrimp
and
fried
pork,
which
you
can
also
find
in
a
Kenyan
restaurant.”
“High?quality
food
consistently
served
over
the
decades
has
helped
maintain
loyal
customers，”
Enoch
Kivunaga
said,
at
Tin
Tin.
“My
experience
depends
on
the
customers.
If
I
cook
good
food,
they
always
come
back,
whether
they
are
presidents
or
ministers，”
he
said.
Tin
said
he
speaks
Swahili
well
and
perfectly
pronounces
local
names,
which
shows
the
Chinese
culture
and
its
Kenyan
counterpart
are
quickly
combining.
“I
am
a
Kenyan
Chinese.
I
love
both
great
countries.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了内罗毕市中心的一家中餐馆Tin
Tin
Restaurant天天酒家，以其美味的菜肴和独特的文化背景，为当地的肯尼亚人服务了近40年。多年来，它已经成为城市地标肯尼亚国际会议中心的一个重要组成部分，吸引了附近的许多办公室工作人员，甚至总统客户。
1．Why
was
the
Chinese
restaurant
serving
local
Kenyans
popular
there?
A．Because
it
supplied
its
unique
Kenyan
dishes.
B．Because
it
created
favorite
fried
shrimp
and
fried
pork.
C．Because
it
served
foods
in
both
Kenyan
and
Chinese
flavor.
D．Because
it
provided
only
Chinese
food
of
unique
characters.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“with
its
delicious
dishes
and
unique
cultural
background”和第三段中的“upholding
Chinese
cuisines
while
adapting
to
Kenyan
preferences”可知，该中国餐馆在肯尼亚受欢迎是因为它把中国风味与当地风味结合在一起，形成独特的风格。故选C。
2．What
is
Nairobi's
landmark?
A．Tin
Tin
Restaurant.
B．The
Nairobi
Central
Business
District.
C．An
insurance
company
building.
D．Kenya
International
Conference
Center.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第四段“For
years,
it
has
become
a
defining
part
of
the
city's
landmark—Kenya
International
Conference
Center—attracting
lots
of
office
workers
nearby
and
even
presidential
customers.”(多年来，它已经成为城市地标肯尼亚国际会议中心的一个重要组成部分，吸引了附近的许多办公室工作人员，甚至总统客户。)可知，内罗毕的地标是肯尼亚国际会议中心。故选D。
3．What
can
we
infer
about
Danis's
remark?
A．Chinese
restaurants
are
highly
competitive.
B．He
really
enjoys
the
delicious
Chinese
food
now.
C．He
only
has
his
favorite
dishes
in
Kenyan
restaurant.
D．The
Chinese
restaurant
is
the
only
competitive
one
there.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“he
is
a
frequenter
of
the
restaurant”可知，Danis现在非常喜欢这个餐馆的食物。故选B。
4．The
author
develops
the
article
mainly
by
.
A．giving
accurate
data
B．following
time
order
C．comparing
different
ideas
D．recording
people's
words
答案：D 推理判断题。根据第二段“‘This
is
a
restaurant
definitely
worth
a
try，’
said
Steven,
a
local
resident
in
his
30s.
‘It
has
provided
Chinese
food
since
my
grandfather's
time.’”(“这家餐厅绝对值得一试，”30多岁的当地居民史蒂文说。“从我祖父的时代起，它就提供中餐了。”)以及下文内容可知，本文主要是通过饭店的顾客和老板的讲述来展开文章的。故选D。
1．frequenter
n.
常客
2．consistently
adv.
一贯地；始终如一地
adapt
to
适应
B
Chinese
cuisine
is
widely
known
and
enjoyed
all
around
the
world.
Who
doesn't
long
for
a
favorite
Chinese
dish?
But
there
is
one
interesting
concept
concerning
Chinese
food
which
is
almost
unheard
of
in
the
West,
and
which
is
becoming
increasingly
ignored
by
the
youth
of
the
East—the
ancient
custom
of
“tonic
food”．
Tonic
food
is
food
which
is
consumed
to
improve
one's
well?being
or
avoid
sickness.
For
instance,
it
was
once
the
custom
for
new
mothers
to
eat
a
sesame
oil
(麻油)
hot
pot
every
day
for
the
first
month
after
giving
birth.
It
was
believed
that
this
dish
would
benefit
the
muscles,
reduce
pain,
improve
circulation,
stimulate
sweating,
and
warm
the
body.
Some
foods,
such
as
goat
meat
and
spinach,
are
seen
as
“hot”，
while
others,
such
as
Chinese
cabbage
and
radishes,
are
seen
as
“cold”.
One
should
be
careful
not
to
eat
too
much
of
either
“hot”
or
“cold”
food.
However,
how
much
“hot”
or
“cold”
food
one
should
eat
depends
on
the
time
of
the
year,
how
the
food
is
prepared
and
what
it
is
prepared
with,
and
the
individual's
health.
The
custom
of
employing
tonic
food
for
a
healthier
life
also
influences
the
catering
industry.
Chinese
herbal
medicines,
such
as
wolfberry
(枸杞),
can
be
found
on
many
a
restaurant
menu,
either
added
to
fruit
tea
or
as
a
beneficial
addition
to
a
dish.
These
herbs
attract
customers,
such
as
overworked
office
staff,
in
need
of
a
modest
pick?me?up.
So,
whether
you
need
to
boost
your
strength
with
a
large
helping
of
chicken
soup,
or
increase
your
mental
powers
with
a
serving
of
fish
soup,
you
may
find
that
this
ancient
Chinese
custom
could
be
just
the
tonic
you
were
looking
for.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的补品是为了增进健康或避免疾病而吃的食物，
并列举了有关补品的几个例子来说明补品对身体的好处。
5．What
is
the
present
situation
of
tonic
food?
A．It
is
catching
less
attention.
B．It
is
enjoyed
by
many
young
people.
C．It
is
well?known
worldwide.
D．It
is
becoming
increasingly
popular.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“But
there
is
one
interesting
concept
concerning
Chinese
food
which
is
almost
unheard
of
in
the
West,
and
which
is
becoming
increasingly
ignored
by
the
youth
of
the
East—the
ancient
custom
of
‘tonic
food’．”，可知补品正越来越被东方年轻人所忽视，即补品的现状是越来越不被注意，故选A。
6．What
is
believed
to
benefit
new
mothers?
A．Chinese
cabbage.
B．Fruit
tea.
C．Sesame
oil
hot
pot.
D．Fish
soup.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“For
instance,
it
was
once
the
custom
for
new
mothers
to
eat
a
sesame
oil
(麻油)
hot
pot
every
day
for
the
first
month
after
giving
birth.”过去的习俗是，新妈妈生完孩子后的第一个月每天都要吃麻油火锅，可知麻油火锅对于新妈妈有好处。故选C。
7．Which
of
the
following
best
explains
“catering”
underlined
in
Paragraph
3?
A．Medicine.
B．Restaurant.
C．Manufacture.
D．Agriculture.
答案：B 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Chinese
herbal
medicines,
such
as
wolfberry
(枸杞),
can
be
found
on
many
a
restaurant
menu”可知许多餐馆的菜单上都有枸杞等中草药，为了健康的饮食，补品也在影响着餐饮行业。故可推知画线单词意为“餐厅”，故选B。
8．What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A．The
Charm
of
Chinese
Cuisine
B．The
Popularity
of
Tonic
Food
C．An
Introduction
of
Chinese
Tonic
Food
D．Differences
Between
Hot
Food
and
Cold
Food
答案：C 标题判断题。根据第一段最后一句“But
there
is
one
interesting
concept
concerning
Chinese
food
which
is
almost
unheard
of
in
the
West,
and
which
is
becoming
increasingly
ignored
by
the
youth
of
the
East—the
ancient
custom
of
‘tonic
food’．”
以及文章主要内容可知，本文主要介绍中国的补品，故选C。
1．stimulate
v.
刺激；促进
2．overworked
adj.
工作过多的；劳累过度的
long
for
渴望
Ⅱ 七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Food
feeds
the
soul.
To
the
extent
that
we
all
eat
food,
and
we
all
have
souls,
food
is
the
single
great
united
across
cultures.
With
food,
there
are
more
opportunities
to
connect
to
memory
and
family
and
place.
1
Food
as
identity.
French,
Mexican,
Chinese,
and
Italian
cuisines
each
involve
dozens
of
distinct
regional
foods.
Every
single
culture
and
religion
uses
food
as
part
of
their
celebrations.
2
Every
season,
every
harvest,
and
every
holiday
has
its
own
food,
and
this
is
true
in
America
as
well.
3
Sometimes
food
means
living
on.
While
the
Chinese
cooks
who
exported
“Chinese”
food
around
the
world
ate
authentic
cooking
at
home,
the
dishes
they
served,
thus
creating
new
cuisines
entirely,
were
based
on
economic
necessity.
Food
as
pleasure.
Things
have
changed
dramatically
in
the
past
20
years
when
it
comes
to
food
in
France.
Some
of
the
ideas
of
French
food
life
may
be
a
performance.
France
is
this
pastoral
nation
where
people
are
spending
five
hours
a
day
going
to
12
different
markets
to
get
their
food.
4
Food
as
status.
The
introduction
of
global
foods
and
brands
has
compounded
food
as
a
status
symbol
for
some
Chinese.
5
In
China,
people
eat
food
not
necessarily
for
taste,
but
for
texture.
You
can
find
food
from
all
of
the
provinces
of
China
in
Shanghai,
as
well
as
every
kind
of
global
food
style
imaginable.
A．Food
as
survival.
B．Food
as
community.
C．It's
the
hardest
to
give
up.
D．The
celebratory
nature
of
food
is
universal.
E．It
is
an
accumulation,
a
function
of
your
experiences.
F．How
and
why
you
eat
your
food,
is,
of
course,
also
very
cultural.
G．But
food
in
Italy
is
love,
then
nutrition,
then
history,
then
pleasure.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界各地的菜肴各有其特色，主要与自身所处的地域、历史、文化和宗教等有关系。
1．C 根据空前“With
food,
there
are
more
opportunities
to
connect
to
memory
and
family
and
place.”可知，有了食物，就有更多的机会与记忆、家庭和地方联系起来。这是最难放弃的，故选C。
2．D 根据本段主题句“Food
as
identity.”和“Every
single
culture
and
religion
uses
food
as
part
of
their
celebrations.”可知，每种文化和宗教都把食物作为庆祝活动的一部分，食物的庆祝性质是普遍的。故选D。
3．A 根据空后“Sometimes
food
means
living
on.”有时食物意味着生存，可知A项为本段主题句。故选A。
4．G 根据本段主题句“Food
as
pleasure.”和下文以法国为例，可知，在不同国家人们对食物的意义理解不同，故此处G项“But
food
in
Italy
is
love,
then
nutrition,
then
history,
then
pleasure.”(意大利的食物是爱，然后是营养，然后是历史，最后是快乐。)符合该段主题。故选G。
5．F 根据空前“The
introduction
of
global
foods
and
brands
has
compounded
food
as
a
status
symbol
for
some
Chinese.”和空后“In
China,
people
eat
food
not
necessarily
for
taste,
but
for
texture.”可知，对一些中国人来说，全球食品和品牌的引入使食品成为一种身份象征。在中国，人们吃食物不一定是为了味道，而是为了口感。F项“How
and
why
you
eat
your
food,
is,
of
course,
also
very
cultural.”(对食物选择的方式和原因，也是非常有文化的。)符合题意，故选F。
Ⅲ 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At
present,
more
and
more
people
around
the
world
are
learning
Chinese.
Last
month,
I
1
(receive)
an
email
from
my
cousin
Jack
in
Canada.
He
said
he
was
enthusiastic
2
Chinese,
and
asked
me
to
find
him
some
books
which
were
intended
for
Chinese
beginners.
I
was
very
pleased
to
do
such
a
favor.
So
I
went
from
one
bookstore
to
another,
3
(hope)
to
find
something
4
(suit)
for
him.
Finally,
I
selected
a
set
of
Chinese
textbooks
among
a
variety
of
similar
ones.
Then
I
went
to
a
post
office
to
have
them
5
(send)
by
air
without
delay.
Several
days
later,
I
got
Jack's
email
saying
that
he
6
(real)
appreciated
the
books
he
7
(receive).
I'm
very
glad
to
know
the
fact
8
Jack
is
starting
to
learn
Chinese
just
like
many
other
9
(foreign)
abroad,
although
I
know
it
may
be
10
enjoyable
challenge
for
him.
1．
2.
3.
4.
5．
6.
7.
8.
9．
10.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在加拿大的表弟Jack杰克想要学汉语，并写信请求作者帮他找一些针对汉语初学者的书，作者很乐意地帮助了他。
1．received 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语Last
month可知，此处应用一般过去时。
2．about 考查介词。be
enthusiastic
about为固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣”。
3．hoping 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，hope与主语I之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，因此应用现在分词hoping作伴随状语。
4．suitable 考查形容词。此处用形容词短语作后置定语，修饰something。故填suitable。
5．sent 考查非谓语动词。have
sth.
done表示“使某事被做”。故填sent。
6．really 考查词性转换。此处修饰动词appreciated，应用副词really。
7．had
received 考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，此处表示过去的过去发生的事，故用过去完成时。
8．that 考查同位语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，此处引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的内容，故填that。
9．foreigners 考查名词。根据空前的many
other可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。
10．an 考查冠词。此处表示“一个令人愉快的挑战”，且enjoyable的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。Section
Ⅴ Writing 应用文写作——菜谱
本单元的写作项目是应用文写作，主题为菜谱。关于此类型的应用文写作需要注意以下几点：
1．注意计量单位。菜谱中会出现一些关于计量单位的英语使用，在写作前应做好调查，一定要选用合适的计量单位。
2．注意先后顺序。关于菜谱的写作要注意，文章应按照该菜肴的做法，依照先后顺序进行写作。
3．注意取舍得当。本单元的主题为菜谱，但仍是以应用文的形式，所以不要将整篇作文变成一份实实在在的菜谱，要对应题目要求(字数限制等)，对文章进行合理布局。
1．开头常用句式
①Today
I
would
like
to
share
with
you
a
simple,
healthy
and
practical
one?dish
meal
that
I
recently
cooked
for
both
my
family
and
myself.
今天我想要跟你们分享一道简单、健康而又实用的菜，是我最近做给我和我家人吃的。
②I'll
have
to
get
your
recipe.
我得向你要点烹饪秘诀。
③Our
recipe
for
Hanukkah
is
a
variation
on
the
traditional
beer
and
chili
sauce?braised
brisket.
在这里介绍一款光明节食谱，是传统的啤酒跟辣椒酱融合的炖牛胸肉。
2．主体段落常用句式
①If
you
can't
decide
what
kind
of
potatoes
to
serve,
reach
for
this
recipe,
which
I
got
from
my
mother.
如果你不能决定要什么样的土豆，拿着这个食谱，我从我妈妈那得到的。
②Sometimes
the
texture
of
carrots
is
as
important
to
a
dish
as
their
flavor—they
really
can
bulk
up
a
sauce
or
stew.
胡萝卜的质感对于一道菜的味道往往至关重要，它们几乎可以用来做大量的调酱或者焖菜。
③In
this
chocolate
melting
moment
recipe,
I
use
a
little
pure
vanilla
extract
to
enhance
the
icing,
however
you
could
also
use
peppermint,
coffee
or
even
raspberry
extract.
在巧克力融化矩的配方里，为加强除冰，我使用的是小纯香草精，但是您也可以使用薄荷、咖啡，甚至树莓提取物。
④Meat
doesn't
cook
as
quickly
as
an
egg.
肉不像蛋那样容易煮熟。
⑤You
can
thaw
out
the
seafood
before
cooking
it,
but
if
you
do
this,
make
sure
you
cook
it
as
quick
as
you
can.
你可以在烹饪之前先将海鲜解冻，但是如果你这样做的话一定要确保以你最快的速度去烹调。
⑥Let
the
meat
cook
slowly
until
it's
tender.
把肉用慢火煮烂。
⑦Let
the
vegetables
cook
gently
for
about
10
minutes.
把蔬菜小火煮约十分钟。
⑧Fry
the
breadcrumbs
until
golden
brown.
把这些面包屑炸到金褐色为止。
3．结尾常用句式
①By
doing
this
you
will
set
up
the
perfect
recipe
for
happiness
in
your
life—and
will
be
a
better
person
because
of
it.
做到了以上这些，你会制定一本让你在生活中获得快乐的完美食谱，因为它，你也会成为一个更有能力的人。
②Do
you
have
any
favorite
cucumber
recipes
or
beauty
formulas
to
share?
I'm
sure
you
do!
Leave
a
comment
below.
你有最喜欢的黄瓜食谱或绝妙的制作方法来分享吗？我相信你有！在下面留下你的意见吧。
③Experiment
with
new
recipes
and
have
fun
testing
them
out.
尝试新的食谱并带着兴趣去品尝它们。
假设你是李华。你的美国网友Alice很喜欢中国的宫保鸡丁，请你将宫保鸡丁的食谱用邮件的形式发给她。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：宫保鸡丁Kung
Pao
Chicken
[精彩范文]
Dear
Alice，
From
your
last
letter,
you
said
you
wanted
to
know
the
recipe
of
Kung
Pao
Chicken.
Following
is
the
one
you
wanted.
To
Make
Marinade:
Combine
1
tablespoon
wine,
1
tablespoon
soy
sauce,
1
tablespoon
oil
and
1
tablespoon
water
mixture.
Place
chicken
pieces
in
a
glass
dish
and
add
marinade.
Cover
dish
and
place
in
refrigerator
for
about
30
minutes.
To
Make
Sauce:
In
a
small
bowl,
combine
1
tablespoon
wine,
1
tablespoon
soy
sauce,
1
tablespoon
oil,
1
tablespoon
cornstarch/water
mixture,
chili
paste,
vinegar
and
sugar.Mix
together
and
add
green
onion,
garlic,
water
chestnuts
and
peanuts.
In
a
medium
skillet,
heat
sauce
slowly
until
aromatic.
Meanwhile,
remove
chicken
from
marinade
and
saute
in
a
large
skillet
until
meat
is
white
and
juices
run
clear.
When
sauce
is
aromatic,
add
sauteed
chicken
to
it
and
let
them
simmer
together
until
sauce
thickens.
Following
the
recipe,
you'll
make
it!
Yours，
Li
Hua
总评 本文结构清晰，用词准确，将如何制作宫保鸡丁的过程书写得非常清晰完整。能够让读者一目了然，准确获悉做法，是一篇优秀的范文。
[亮点呈现]
(1)To
Make
Marinade,
To
Make
Sauce将制作方法分开进行写作，使文章条理清晰，重点一目了然。
(2)Cover
dish
and
place
in
refrigerator
for
about
30
minutes.用具体的数字说明制作时间，操作起来更容易成功。
(3)When
sauce
is
aromatic,
add
sauteed
chicken
to
it
and
let
them
simmer
together
until
sauce
thickens.使用了when和until引导的时间状语从句，展现了作者较好的语言功底。
假如你是李华。你的英国朋友Jack来信询问你有关北京烤鸭的制作方法。请你给他回信写明具体烹饪方法。
注意：词数100左右。
参考词汇：北京烤鸭Beijing
Roast
Duck
[精彩范文]
