2020-2021学年度高一下学期英语单元双基精品试卷 必修三 Unit2 Healthy eating （B）（含答案）

-1123950339725此卷只装订不密封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
此卷只装订不密封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
2020-2021学年度高一下学期英语单元双基精品试卷
必修三 Unit2 Healthy eating （B）
一、阅读理解
A
Lakshmi grew up in India in the first half of the twentieth century, seeing many people around her who did not get enough food, were often sick and died young.
In the 1960s, she was asked to help manage a program to improve nutrition in her country. At that time, most advice on nutrition came from North American and European countries. Nutritionists suggested foods that were common and worked well for people who lived in these nations.
For example, they told poor Indian women to eat more meat and eggs and drink more orange juice. But Lakshmi knew this advice was useless in a country such as India. People there didn’t eat such foods. They weren’t easy to find. And for the poor, such foods were too expensive. Lakshmi knew that for the program to work, it had to fit Indian culture. So she decided to adjust the nutrition program. She first found out what healthy middle class people in India ate. She took note of the nutrients(营养物) available in those foods. Then she looked for cheap, easy-to-find foods that would provide the same nutrients.
She created a balanced diet of locally grown fruits, vegetables, and grains. These foods were cheap and could be cooked with simple equipment. Her ideas were thought unusual in the 1960s. For example, she insisted that a diet without meat could provide all major nutrients. Now we know she was right. But it took her continuous efforts to get others to finally accept her diet about 50 years ago. Because of Lakshmi’s program, Indian children almost doubled their food intake. And many children who would have been hungry and ill grew healthy and strong.
1. Why did Lakshmi think European nutritionists' advice was useless?
A. It worked well for European people.
B. It suggested too many foods for Indians.
C. It was not practical in India that time.
D. It included foods that didn’t exist in India.
2. Lakshmi studied healthy middle class people’s diet in order to .
A. find out nutrients in their food
B. learn about Indian culture
C. know about their eating habits
D. write a report on food nutrients
3. Lakshmi’s balanced diet was considered unusual because people thought _________.
A. those foods were too cheap
B. it should include some meat
C. it provided all major nutrients
D. it enabled kids to grow healthy
4. What can we infer about Lakshmi?
A. She came from a rich family. B. She disliked middle class people.
C. She worked with European nutritionists. D. She was a determined scientist.

B
Next time you make yourself a hot cup of tea or coffee, you might want to let it cool down a bit before drinking.
Researchers say letting your hot drinks cool off could help you avoid some kinds of cancer. Researchers at the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC) found evidence that drinks at temperatures above 65℃, when swallowed, can cause cancer of the esophagus(食道). The researchers examined findings from other studies where tea and coffee were often served at 70℃ or above. Those studies were completed in Iran, China and South America.
In developed countries, health experts have linked esophageal cancer to smoking and alcoholic drinks. However, this form of cancer is more common in areas where people drink beverages(饮料) at very high temperatures.
In Europe and the United States, many people drink coffee and tea at temperatures around 60℃. And they often add milk which lowers the temperature greatly. However, tea-drinkers in Iran and maté-drinkers in South America often enjoy their beverages at closer to 70℃.
The researchers find that South Americans not only drink their maté very hot, they also drink it through a metal straw. This sends the scalding liquid directly into the throat.
The findings, however, are good news for coffee drinkers. In 1991, the World Health Organization(WHO) listed coffee as possibly carcinogenic(致癌的). The WHO officials have since changed their position on that listing. They now suggest that the temperature of your hot drink is a greater risk factor than the actual drink.
The results suggest that drinking very hot beverages is one probable cause of esophageal cancer and that it is the temperature, rather than the drinks themselves, that appears to be responsible.
What might be the cause of esophageal cancer in developed countries?
A. Smoking. B. Alcoholic drinks. C. Unhealthy vegetables. D. Hot drinks.
6. Where do tea-drinkers like adding milk?
A. In China. B. In Iran.
C. In Europe. D. In South Africa .
7. What does the underlined word “scalding” in paragraph 5 mean?
A. sweet. B. cold. C. hot . D. tasteless.
8. Which of the following descriptions is TRUE?
A. Once, the WHO thought coffee would cause cancer.
B. Drinks below 60℃ can cause esophagus cancer.
C. Temperature should not be the cause of cancer.
D. Drinking milk is a much healthier way to keep away from cancer.

二、七选五
A Diet Without Enough Protein Can Cause Depression
Depression is a condition so common. 9 The World Health Organization(WHO) calls it “a leading cause of disability”. Difficulty in falling asleep, loss of appetite, and loss of ability to concentrate are just a few of the other effects of depression. While life events such as the loss of a spouse or a job may create a happening of depression, many cases come from within, such as people’s diet.
As is reported, both before and during a happening of depression, those with the condition show a “poor appetite”. 10 On the other hand, depression may be closely related to protein. Many cases of depression happen to those who don’t eat properly, which then result in lack of protein taken into the body.
11 It all comes down to amino acids(氨基酸). Proteins are made up of amino acids. Both the human brain and nervous system use amino acids as a substance that creates a signal from one brain cell to another or one nerve cell to another. With them communication between the cells becomes possible.
12 But eight of them, the “essential” ones for communication between the brain cells, must be eaten in one’s diet. So a diet which is lacking in protein lessens the signal being sent from one brain cell to the next during a thought. The process can lead to twisted signals, which can not only lead to depression, but also aggression. 13
A. It happens with aggression.
B. It may lead to serious effects.
C. But how lack of protein occurs?
D. There are 20 different amino acids.
E. But what does protein have to do with depression?
F. The poor appetite itself can create a depressed mood.
G. This is why depression can often express itself as anger or aggression.

三、完形填空
Lots of people have trees to look at from their bedrooms, but my perspective(视角) is different. My name is Miranda Gibson. I have been living at the top of a tree 14 60 meters for 449 days now. Some people might wonder 15 on earth I would choose to do this.
Stretching out below me is one of Tasmania’s 1ast areas of ancient forest — in an area that was proposed for World Heritage protection, yet remains under the 16 of industrial logging(砍伐). On 12 December 2011, machinery(大型机械) rolled into the forest and the destruction began. I couldn’t 17 the thought that these forests would be 18 forever. So, on 14 December 2011, I packed up my1ife, 19 of my job plans, and climbed 200 feet onto the top of this tree. I have been here ever since.
People often ask me what I do up here all day. It’s busier than you would imagine. Like an office job, but with a splendid 20 ! I spend my days writing about this forest and its urgent(紧急的) need for 21 on my blog.
Life in the treetops can be 22 at times. I have times when I feel frustrated(沮丧) and wish I could 23 to anywhere, just to have a change of scenery for a minute! There are also times when I feel terribly 24 . I miss my friends and family. My only connection to the outside world is my phone and computer, which I charge via solar panel. 25 these times, I find myself loving the experience. Living on the tree has been inspiring. I am willing to 26 up here for as 1ong as it takes, but I honestly hope it won’t be too 27 before I will be able to get down and put my feet on the ground in a forest that is no longer under threat — in a forest that will be 28 guarded for future generations.
14. A. lengthening B. measuring C. weighing D. topping
15. A. why B. when C. how D. where
16. A. danger B. alarm C. threat D. pressure
17. A. keep B. help C. bear D. lose
18. A. sold B. protected C. hunted D. gone
19. A. grew out B. fell short C. ran out D. let go
20. A. sight B. view C. scenery D. landscape
21. A. extinction B. preservation C. creation D. harmony
22. A. refreshing B. alarming C. challenging D. rewarding
23. A. get around B. get away C. give in D. give up
24. A. confused B. upset C. lonely D. sorry
25. A. Despite B. Without C. Beyond D. Unlike
26. A. return B. stop C. stay D. hide
27. A. long B. soon C. distant D. nearby
28. A. particularly B. finally C. immediately D. safely

四、语法填空
As a kid I disliked most vegetables. My daily meal consisted 29 sugary cereal(谷类食物) in the mornings with whole milk, bread with butter for lunch along with chips, and a plate of white rice with chicken for dinner with either soda 30 juice to drink. Whenever 31 (go) out on weekends. I always chose fast food. An order of chicken nuggets with a side of fries was what I always wanted.
Then the food that I loved 32 (begin) to give me chest pains, heart burns, and stomachaches. I quickly realized that this couldn’t end in anything good. So I decided 33 (put) a stop to my unhealthy diet. I cut out fast food from my diet and instead searched for places 34 offered me steamed vegetables, fruits, and foods higher in protein like beans which were things that I had been previously lacking in my diet.
Making a change will never be 35 easy task but sometimes it takes a hit of tugging to push us towards 36 (we) goal. In my case it took an upset stomach and chest pains to learn that fast food wasn’t the best choice for my health, but thanks to this now I feel 37 (well) than ever. I am 38 (constant) going to the gym, and I’m still eating what I love while supporting ray own body.
五、应用文写作
假如你是李华，暑假打算去英国旅游，请给英国的朋友Jack写一封电子邮件，让他帮忙预定酒店和接机，内容包括：
1.行程信息；2.对酒店的要求；3.表示感谢。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。







六、读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
“I don’t want to go.” Maria moved her feet slightly and hung her shoulders. Mom continued packing a bag. “We’re going to Uncle Rich’s in Montana for summer vacation. He’s your father’s brother, and we go there every year.”
Maria stormed out of her mom’s room and said angrily, “Nobody ever thinks of me!” “That’s enough. We’re going.” replied Mom angrily, too.
Their August vacation came sooner than Maria wanted. Before she knew it, she and the family were at Uncle Rich’s ranch. Uncle Rich grabbed her dad and hugged him. “Good to see you,” said Uncle Rich. Maria’s brother and sister were twins and two years younger, so they didn’t realize what an inconvenience and bore being on a ranch was. They raced to see animals. Maria grabbed her bag. “I’m going to my room,” she told her parents.
“Wait a minute, Maria,” said Uncle Rich. “I have got something to show you.” “You come too,” he said to Maria’s parents. At the barn Maria saw the horse. It was of medium size. It had a fine, soft black coat and one white foot. There was a wide white patch that ran down the center of its face. Maria fell in love with it at first sight. “Wow! What a horse!”
“He’s a mustang,” said Uncle Rich. “Mustangs are free horses who live in the wild. We found him stuck in the mud down by the river. I didn’t know how he got there. My friend and I roped him and managed to get him out. This mustang is a beauty.”
Maria kicked the dirt. “Can I help care for him?” Then she felt her heart beating in expectation.
Uncle Rich laughed. “You bet. The more hands we have, the better. Just don’t get too attached. Once we’re sure he’s okay, we will have to set him free. Mustangs went from over a million at the beginning of the 20th century to less than 17,000 in 1970. They were hunted illegally for meat.”
Paragraph 1:
Hearing this, Maria felt her stomach turn.





Paragraph 2:
She hurried back to the barn in a flash.






必修三 Unit2 Healthy eating
答案
阅读理解
【答案】1-4 CABD
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。拉克希米负责一个改善印度人饮食营养的项目，她没有照搬西方人的建议，而是调整了她的营养计划，来适应印度人的实际情况。经过不断的努力，她的做法才逐步被人们接受，并被认为是正确的。
1.细节理解题。根据题干中的useless在文章寻找信息，结合第三段的“But Lakshmi knew this advice was useless in a country such as India. People there didn't eat such foods. They weren't easy to find. And for the poor, such foods were too expensive.”可知，欧洲营养学家们的建议在当时的印度是不合实际的。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Then she looked for cheap, easy-to-find foods that would provide the same nutrients.”可知，拉克希米之所以研究印度健康的中产阶级的饮食，为的是发现便宜的，易找到的能提供相同营养的食品。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段的“For example, she insisted that a diet without meat could provide all major nutrients. Now we know she was right.”可知，拉克希米经过研究发现，不含肉的饮食也能提供所有主要的营养。这观点当时却不为人所接受，但现在证实她是正确的。故选B。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But it took her continuous efforts to get others to finally accept her diet about 50 years ago.”可知，拉克希米是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。
【答案】5-8 DCCA
【解析】这是一篇说明文，说的是喝高温热饮或引发癌症。
5.细节理解题。答案定位在第二段“Researchers at the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) found evidence that drinks at temperatures above 65℃, when swallowed, can cause cancer of the esophagus.”可知在发达国家，热饮可能会造成食道癌，故选D。
6.细节理解题。答案定位在第四段“In Europe and the United States, many people drink coffee and tea at temperatures around 60℃. And they often add milk which lowers the temperature greatly.”可知欧洲的饮茶者喜欢添加牛奶，故选C。
7.词义猜测题。根据划线词前一句可知划线句是说这会把滚烫的液体直接送到了喉咙里，因此scalding的意思是“滚烫的”，故选C。
8.细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第二段“In 1991, the World Health Organization listed coffee as possibly carcinogenic.”可知曾经，世界卫生组织认为咖啡致癌，故选A。
二、七选五
【答案】9-13 BFEDG
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是饮食中缺乏足够的蛋白质会导致抑郁。
9.根据下文提示：世界卫生组织称其为“导致残疾的主要原因”。承接下文，B选项（它可能会导致严重的后果。）切题。故选B。
10.上文提示：据报道，在抑郁症发生之前和发生期间，这些人都会表现出“食欲不振”。承接上文，F项（食欲不振本身就会使人情绪低落。）切题。故选F。
11.下文提示：一切都归结于氨基酸。承接下文，E项（但是蛋白质和抑郁症有什么关系呢？）切题。故选E。
12.下文提示：但其中的八种，即脑细胞之间交流的“必需”物质，必须在日常饮食中食用。承接下文，D项（有20种不同的氨基酸。）切题。空格后面的But其转折作用，将上下文连在一起。故选D。
13.上文提示：这个过程会使信号扭曲，这不仅会导致抑郁，还会产生攻击性。承接上文，G项（这就是为什么抑郁症经常以愤怒或攻击性的形式表现出来。）切题。故选G。
三、完形填空
【答案】14-18 BACCD 19-23 DBBCB 24-28 CACAD
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为了保护森林，反对乱砍乱伐，在树上生活的故事。
14.考查动词。句意：我已经在一棵60米高的树顶上生活了449天了。A. lengthening：拉长；B. measuring：测量；C. weighing：称重，重量为；D. topping：超过。根据前文a tree以及后文60 meters可知，measure表达长度或高度是多少，符合句意。故选B项。
15.考查宾语从句。句意：有些人可能会问，我到底为什么要选择这样做。A. why：为什么；B. when：何时；C. how：怎样；D. where：在哪里。根据后文可知，作者在后文中回答了为什么爬到树上去生活的问题。故选A项。
16.考查名词。句意：在我的脚下，是塔斯马尼亚州最后一片原始森林之一，该地区曾被提议列入世界遗产保护名录，但仍然受到工业伐木的威胁。A. danger：危险；B. alarm：警报；C. threat：威胁；D. pressure：压力。根据后面“of industrial logging”以及最后一段最后一句中“I will be able to get down and put my feet on the ground in a forest that is no longer under threat”可知，森林受到被砍伐的威胁。故选C项。
17.考查动词。A. keep：保持；B. help：帮助；C. bear：承受，忍受；D. lose：丢失。根据文章最后一句中“but I honestly hope it won’t be too 27 before I will be able to get down and put my feet on the ground in a forest that is no longer under threat — in a forest that will be 28 guarded for future generations.”可知，作者希望保护这篇森林，所以不能忍受这片森林被砍伐。故选C项。
18.考查动词。A. sold：出售；B. protected：保护；C. hunted：猎取；D. gone：消失，流失。森林遭到砍伐，受到威胁，所以森林会“消失”，故选D项。
19.考查动词短语。句意：所以，在2011年12月14日，我收拾好我的生活，放下我的工作计划，爬上了200英尺高的树顶。A. grew out：长出；B. fell short：落空；C. ran out：用完；D. let go：放走，放弃。根据后文“I have been here ever since.”可知，从那时起作者就一直在树上，所以说是放弃了工作。故选D项。
20.考查名词。A. sight：视觉，风景（多指旅游观光的景色）；B. view：看法，风景（多指从某一角度看到的景色）；C. scenery：景色，风景（多指一个国家或地区的整体自然景色）；D. landscape：风景（多指内陆的自然风光）。根据第一段第一句中“but my perspective is different.”可知，风景是作者因在树上生活而从某一特殊的角度看到的。故选B项。
21.考查名词。A. extinction：灭绝；B. preservation：保存，保护；C. creation：创造；D. harmony：和谐。作者希望保护这篇森林，所以在博客上写的是森林迫切需要保护的内容。故选B项。
22.考查形容词A. refreshing：令人耳目一新的；B. alarming：令人惊慌的；C. challenging：挑战性的；D. rewarding：值得做的。根据后文“I have times when I feel frustrated”以及“I miss my friends and family.”等信息可知，作者在树顶上生活有时是充满挑战的。故选C项。
23.考查动词短语。A. get around：绕过；B. get away：走开，离开；C. give in：屈服；D. give up：放弃。根据上文“I have times when I feel frustrated”以及后面“to anywhere, just to have a change of scenery for a minute”可知，作者在树上生活不容易，有时希望离开树顶。故选B项。
24.考查形容词。句意：有时我也会感到非常孤独。A. confused：迷惑的；B. upset：难过的；C. lonely：孤独的；D. sorry：遗憾的。根据后文“I miss my friends and family. My only connection to the outside world is my phone and computer, which I charge via solar panel.”可知，作者有时会感到孤独。故选C项。
25.考查介词。句意：尽管如此，我还是喜欢这段经历。A. Despite：尽管；B. Without：没有；C. Beyond：超出；D. Unlike：不像。根据前文“I feel frustrated”以及“I miss my friends and family.”等信息可知，作者在树上生活并不容易。根据后文“I find myself loving the experience”可知，后文和前文构成让步关系，Despite“尽管”符合句意。故选A项。
26.考查动词。句意：我愿意在这里尽可能地待上一段时间，但我真诚地希望，不用太久之后，我就能下来，双脚踏在一片不再受到威胁的森林里。A. return：返回，归还；B. stop：停止，阻止；C. stay：逗留；D. hide：隐藏。根据前文“Living on the tree has been inspiring.”以及后文“for as 1ong as it takes”可知，这里指作者要留在树上一段时间。故选C项。
27.考查形容词。句意：我愿意在这里尽可能地待上一段时间，但我真诚地希望，不用太久之后，我就能下来，双脚踏在一片不再受到威胁的森林里，踏在为子孙后代而被好好保护的森林里。A. long：长的；B. soon：不久；C. distant：遥远的；D. nearby：附近的。根据上文“as 1ong as it takes”以及but转折的语义可知，作者希望自己这么做能够尽快起到保护森林的效果，所以希望（不用太久not long）之后，就能从树顶上下来。故选A项。
28.考查副词。A. particularly：特别是；B. finally：最后；C. immediately：立刻；D. safely：安全地。根据前文“no longer under threat”可知，此处指希望森林被好好地保护下来。故选D项。
四、语法填空
【答案】
of 30. or 31. going 32. began 33. to put
that/which 35. an 36. our 37. better 38. constantly
【解析】本文是记叙文，作者讲述了自己由于不健康的饮食导致身体不舒服，后来改变为健康饮食和锻炼的故事。
29.考查介词。此处指“我”的日常早餐由含糖的谷类食物和奶组成，consist of：由……组成，是固定短语。故填of.
30.考查连词。此处指喝苏打水或果汁，表示或者用or，故填or.
31.考查非谓语动词。动词go的主语和句子的主语一致都是I，此处作状语用动词-ing形式，故填going。
32.考查动词时态。此处表示过去的事实，与上下文时态一致都用一般过去时，故填过去式began。
33.考查动词不定式。表示决定做某事是decide to do sth.，用动词不定式，故填to put。
34.考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是places指物，在定语从句中做主语，指这些地方提供蒸熟的蔬菜，用关系代词that/which引导，故填that/which。
35.考查冠词。句中名词task是可数名词，此处表示一个容易的任务，easy开头是元音音标，表示“一个”用an，故填an。
36.考查代词。修饰名词goal，指“我们”的目标，用形容词性物主代词，故填our。
37.考查比较级。根据句中than可知表示比较意思，指感觉比以前更好，用副词比较级。故填better。
38.考查副词。此处修饰动词go用副词，指时常去健身房。故填constantly。
应用文写作
【范文】
Dear Jack,
I am glad to tell you that I am going to have a summer vacation in England. Knowing you live in London, I sincerely ask you to help me book a hotel. I offer you my travel information.
It is on July 15th that my flight arrives in London. Therefore, it is most suitable to reserve the hotel on that day. Because I like shopping very much, the hotel is better located in the city center which have easy access to every shopping center. Besides, you’d better pike me up at the airport because I can’t find the correct direction.
Thank you for helping me book the hotel. I am looking forward to meeting you at the airport.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，英国的朋友Jack写一封电子邮件，让他帮忙预定酒店和接机。
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法，把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
vacation；sincerely；suitable；be located in；access；pick up；look forward to
第三步：连词成句
1. I am glad to tell you that I am going to have a summer vacation in England.
2. Knowing you live in London, I sincerely ask you to help me book a hotel.
3. I am looking forward to meeting you at the airport.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章因果关系：Therefore
2.表并列补充关系：Besides
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
六、读后续写
【范文】
Paragraph 1:
Hearing this, Maria felt her stomach turn. “That's terrible. How could someone be so cruel to these adorable animals? Some actions should be taken to protect them,” Maria said. “Don’t worry too much. It’s better now,” said Uncle Rich. “The government came to the rescue. There are around 50,000 now.” Hearing this, Maria breathed a sigh of relief. And still holding her bag Maria raced to her room. She kicked off her sneakers and pulled on the boots that Uncle Rich had prepared for her.
Paragraph 2:
She hurried back to the barn in a flash. She went to the fence and stepped on it. The mustang walked over to her slowly. Maria put her hand on his forehead. The mustang gently shook his head and then around her. At that very moment, Maria was determined to help the black beauty back to the wild and learn how to care for sick large animals from Uncle Rich. Moreover, she was now glad she had come to the ranch. She was sure she would have an unforgettable vacation here.
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了虽然Maria不情愿，但还是跟着家人去了Rich叔叔的农场过暑假。Rich叔叔带Maria去见了一匹野马，Maria非常喜欢这匹马，提出要照顾它。Maria还得知野马遭到人们捕杀，多亏了政府的救助，数量才有所恢复。Maria于是决心要学习如何照顾生病的大型动物。而且，她现在很高兴来到了牧场，确信她将有一个难忘的假期。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听到这个消息，Maria感到胃不舒服”可知，第一段可描写Maria听到Rich叔叔讲述野马的生存现状后的内心活动。
②由第二段首句内容“她很快回到了马厩”可知，第二段可描写Maria和野马的互动以及内心活动。
2.续写线索：Maria感到不舒服——得知政府救助野马，Maria松了口气——Maria换了鞋子回到马厩——Maria和野马互动——Maria很高兴来到牧场