2020-2021学年度高二下学期英语单元双基精品试卷 选修七 Unit3 Under the sea_Unit4 Sharing (B）（含答案）

-1106805339725此卷只装订不密封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
此卷只装订不密封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
2020-2021学年度高一下学期英语单元双基精品试卷
选修七 Unit3 Under the sea_Unit4 Sharing （B）
阅读理解
A
There are many dangerous sea creatures in the world. The following are some examples.
The needlefish are commonly seen living near the surface of tropical(热带的) waters. But they can also break cover the water, and once in the air they can become dangerous flying swords. Though it is rare, people have been seriously hurt and even killed by the fish. Night fishermen in small boats are at particular risk because their lights may attract the fish.
Saltwater crocodiles are the world's largest crocodiles, sometimes reaching 23 feet in length and topping 2,200 pounds. Yet these crocodiles hunt quietly, lying in wait below shoreline waters to attack turtles and thirsty animals that have come to drink. Saltwater crocodiles kill a number of people each year.
There is no doubt that the great white shark sits atop the ocean food chain. The world’s largest fish can weigh at over 5,000 pounds and reach lengths of more than 20 feet. Great white sharks have about 3,000 teeth, which they typically sink into sea lions, seals, and sea turtles. These sharks are responsible for a third to a half of the 100 shark attacks on humans every year.
The sea anemone(海葵) may look like the beautiful flower for which it’s named, but fish that swim too close may regret it. The sea anemone, which lives on the sea floor, uses its poisonous tentacles(触须) to stab passing creatures with a kind of poison — making them helpless and fit to be eaten.
The surgeonfish(刺尾鱼) is an attractive reef fish that is poisonous. Scientists believe that the world’s seas hold some 1,200 different surgeonfish species and think that they injure about 50,000 people per year. But the surgeonfish poison can also bring great benefit — they are useful in the development of new drugs.
1. The underlined phrase “break cover” in Paragraph 2 probably means .
A. jump out of B. break away from
C. get away from D. go back to
2. How many attacks on humans do great white sharks do every year?
A. About 26. B. About 45. C. About 60. D. About 75.
3. It can be learned from the passage that .
A. the saltwater crocodiles are gentle and never hurt people
B. the sea anemone lives near the surface of the sea
C. the great white shark is the largest fish in the world
D. the needlefish live in the sea all around the world
4. Which of the following can be used to benefit human society?
A. The needlefish. B. The sea anemone.
C. The great white shark. D. The surgeonfish.

B
Society tells us that we should count our blessings, focus on all that we have and feel grateful for what we’ve been given. But there is nothing wrong with “healthy discontent”. In fact, healthy discontent is what motivates us to improve ourselves and our circumstances. Without this feeling, life’s easier to stand still.
I always have a certain level of discomfort. That discomfort drives me to work hard at my job. I don’t just want to remain where I am. Professionally, I want to keep getting better. Likewise, I always have a certain amount of discontent with my home. That drives me to always try to improve it by making it look better.
My feelings of discontent with my job and my home don’t mean that I don’t appreciate them. It’s an incredible blessing to be able to work and be paid for one’s efforts. Similarly, if you live in a safe place, with running water, heating, and air conditioning, you are incredibly fortunate. These are not the things to be taken for granted. However, we should be striving(力争) to improve.
If you happen to be good at playing the piano, you should work to continually improve your skills. The same holds true for our personal development. If you have areas in your personality that need improvement, you should work on them, too.
For instance, I can be very impatient. As a result, I work hard to try to conquer that flaw(缺点) by keeping my impatience to myself. When we feel discontent with ourselves, we have to be honest with ourselves.
It’s easy to make excuses for our bad behavior, but we need to face our discontent and say to ourselves, “I need to work on this.” This week, consider whether you have healthy discontent in your life. Have you become so settled in your life that you don’t see regular improvement?
Do you have a character flaw that you wish you didn’t have? Don’t ignore these things. Instead, take steps to address your areas of discontent and keep improving your life every day. No matter how great we think things are going, there’s always room for improvement.
5. What is stressed in Paragraph 1?
A. The gratitude for what we have.
B. The importance of healthy discontent.
C. The lessons from society.
D. The easiness of standing still in life.
6. Why does the author have feelings of discontent with his job and home?
A. He doesn’t treasure them.
B. He is particular about them.
C. He desires to improve them.
D. He is difficult to satisfy.
7. What does the author advise you to do if you have personal flaws?
A. Leave them as they are.
B. Make efforts to overcome them.
C. Make excuses for them.
D. Be patient with ourselves.
8. How does the author support his view mostly?
A. By listing some questions.
B. By telling his own experiences.
C. By analyzing various causes of healthy discontent.
D. By showing consequences of healthy discontent.

七选五
Nowadays it is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others. 9 If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts but you are still arguing, then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts.
Don’t get in the center of the conflict.
Sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts because they want to help. Frankly speaking, it is very risky, because it can make you the main figure of the conflict. 10 You should focus on your own life issues.
Be kind.
11 Life is full of conflicts and disagreements, and that’s why you should find more conservative(保守的) ways of dealing with them. For example, kindness can lessen the conflict.
12
Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts. “The greatest victory is the battle not fought.” This saying is the life motto of a natural-born peacekeeper. Don’t worry if you are not a natural-born peacekeeper. You can gain this skill during life.
Walk off.
When the conflict is gathering pace and you can’t manage to keep yourself, you should choose to handle the situation in another way. By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress. 13 You should get away from the situation for a while.
A. Try to be a peacekeeper.
B. Conflicts are unavoidable, so try to accept them.
C. Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support.
D. It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the competitor.
E. Let other people sort out their relationships without your presence.
F. When someone pushes you to the limit, try to act kindly towards this person.
G. Arguing can either break your relationship or help you get to know your partner better.

三、完形填空
Every year, many dolphins worldwide are captured(捕获) and kept in small pools, performing for people, especially children. These dolphins are fed with fish instead of having to 14 them. As a result, they start spending most of their time near the pool rather than underwater. They get out of shape and can no longer 15 long distances. It affects their 16 greatly, and has proved to have 17 consequences.
Thus comes the question, “Should captive dolphins be 18 ?”
Jeff Foster, a 55-year old expert, decided to help two captive dolphins, Tom and Misha, to reach their top physical 19 . Every day, he used to train the two dolphins to get used to their wild homes again. Twenty months later, Tom and Misha began to act like 20 dolphins and they were set free back into the sea.
21 Tom and Misha lived in captivity for 4-5 years, they were able to adapt to the wild. It was 22 what Foster had hoped for. His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true and he knew that the dolphins would 23 in the wild.
This program was a big success, but there have been others that failed. For example, another dolphin, Keiko, returned into the ocean in 2002, but 24 a year later because of all the misery(不幸) he 25 . The sudden environment change did not 26 him well.
If people want to avoid these accidents, we must go to great lengths and put in the 27 to ensure it doesn’t happen ever again. In fact, with virtual reality technology picking up, there can still be great ways to 28 kids with sea animals without having to capture dolphins.
14. A. pick up B. hunt for C. look after D. throw away
15. A. see B. dive C. jump D. hear
16. A. appetite B. shelter C. lifestyle D. popularity
17. A. terrible B. potential C. unexpected D. indirect
18. A. disturbed B. released C. protected D. prohibited
19. A. exercise B. pain C. appearance D. condition
20. A. wild B. clever C. helpless D. harmless
21. A. If B. Unless C. Although D. Because
22. A. hardly B. exactly C. possibly D. awfully
23. A. train B. search C. survive D. produce
24. A. died B. escaped C. returned D. recovered
25. A. led to B. brought up C. got over D. went through
26. A. suit B. serve C. defend D. prepare
27. A. tank B. time C. water D. effort
28. A. inspire B. treat C. entertain D. change

四、语法填空
Clancy had heard of the story that every year the killer whales helped whalers catch huge whales before he 29 (witness) it with his own eyes many times.
On the afternoon he arrived at the whaling station, when he was sorting out his 30 (accommodate), he heard a loud noise coming from the bay. Then he experienced how the killers, 31 (especial) Old Tom, helped lead the way and catch a whale.
First, a pack of about six killers worked as a team to attack the whale. Then a whaler aimed the harpoon 32 the whale and let it go. The harpoon hit the spot and being badly wounded, the whale soon died. Clancy was surprised 33 (find) the killers dragged the whale’s body swiftly down into the depths of the sea. He 34 (tell) that the body wouldn’t float up for around 24 hours, during 35 the killers would have a good feed on its lips and tongue.
Sometimes, killer whales could help human beings. One day, one of the 36 (whaler), James was washed off the boat when they were out in the bay. Just as James was terrified of 37 (abandon) by the other whalers, a shark appeared.
To Clancy’s surprise, it was a killer whale 38 came and saved James in time.

应用文写作
假设你是李华，得知你的英国笔友Peter在学习汉语方面遇到了困难，他很焦虑，特向你寻求帮助。请你根据以下提示给他写一封信，内容包括：
1.给予安慰；
2.提出具体建议及简要理由（至少两条）；
3.表达希望和信心。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
I’m terribly sorry to hear that you are having difficulty learning Chinese.







读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
It was a bright summer’s day. The weather was pleasant, but the wind from the Sahara desert made it extremely hot and wet. A ship stopped off the coast of Africa. The seagulls were circling overhead and crying loudly. In the distance, several dolphins were jumping out of the water at times to create a big white wave.
Just before sunset, the captain came on deck and called out, “Time for a swim.”
Immediately sailors jumped into the water, lowered a canvas mat(帆布垫子) and made it into a swimming pool. They had been waiting for this moment the whole day.
There were two young boys on the ship. They both jumped in, but swam out into the open sea since it was too crowded inside the “pool”. They played and chased(追逐) each other in the open sea. Their fathers cheered them on, often urging one of the boys to prove his bravery over the other.
Suddenly, something gray from a distance was coming closer and closer. Somebody from the deck called out, “Shark! Shark!” The fin was moving faster. Confusion and panic arose, and everyone climbed to safety. Everyone, except the two boys. They had not heard the shouts.
The shark was moving towards the boys.
The captain shouted, “Come back, my boys! There is a shark out there!” One of the boys was his son. For the first time in his life, he didn’t know what to do. He could not think clearly. The captain’s face became as white as a sheet. He could feel his legs were shaking so badly that he nearly fell to the ground.
The people on the deck screamed wildly. But the boys could not hear them. They continued to play and to swim, unaware of the danger approaching them fast. Some sailors lowered a boat, jumped into it and attempted to row towards the boys.
Paragraph 1:
Just then, one of the boys looked back and saw the large animal he knew too well.






Paragraph 2:
Their screams brought the captain back to his senses.







选修七 Unit3 Under the sea ~ Unit4 Sharing
答案
阅读理解
【答案】1-4 ABCD
【解析】本文介绍了5种危险的海洋生物。
1.词义猜测题。根据后面once in the air可知，needlefish在空中的时候会变成危险的飞剑，由此可以猜测画线短语的意思应该是“跳出（离）”之意。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“These sharks are responsible for a third to a half of the 100 shark attacks on humans every year.”可知，大白鲨每年袭击人类次数大约为33～50次左右。故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The world’s largest fish can weigh at over 5,000 pounds and reach lengths of more than 20 feet.”可知，大白鲨是世界上最大的鱼。故选C。
4.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“they are useful in the development of new drugs”可知，刺尾鱼的毒可以制药，由此可知这种鱼可以造福人类社会。故选D。
【答案】5-8 BCBB
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。感恩拥有的东西是对的，但是适当合理的不满足同样重要，它能为我们的自我提高带来动力。
5.细节理解题。由第一段中的“But there is nothing wrong with “healthy discontent”. In fact, healthy discontent is what motivates us to improve ourselves and our circumstances.”可知，本段重点说明了适当合理的不满足的重要性。故选B。
6.细节理解题。由第二段中的“Professionally, I want to keep getting better.”及“That drives me to always try to improve it by making it look better.”可知，作者对工作和住所不满意的原因是他想改善工作与住所的情况。故选C。
7.细节理解题。由第四段中的“If you have areas in your personality that need improvement, you should work on them, too.”及最后一段的内容可知，如果你有缺点，你应该努力克服缺点。故选B。
8.推理判断题。结合全文尤其是第二、第三和第五段的内容可以看出，作者主要是通过自己的亲身经历来支持自己的观点的。故选B。
二、七选五
【答案】9-13 GEFAD
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要向读者介绍了四条避免冲突的建议。
9.根据关键词的原则，G项中的Arguing和空后的一句中的“you are still arguing”相呼应，讲了争论的作用。且与空格上文“it is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others.”（尽可能保持理智和灵活应付，以避免冲突与他人和平相处是有必要的。），起到承上启下的作用。故选G。
10.本部分小标题是：不要成为冲突的中心。空后一句：你应该关注你自己的人生问题。选项中只有E项符合语境，意为：让其他人自己去解决问题。故选E。
11.空格后文“For example, kindness can lessen the conflict.”（例如，友好能减少冲突）与F项中的try to act kindly相呼应。故选F。
12.根据文章结构可知，空格处是段落小标题。且段首“Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts.”（调解人能够不带着通常会导致争执甚至是冲突的坏情绪与人合作。）可知本节主要讲了调解人的相关情况，故应选A项。
13.本部分讲的主要是远离冲突产生的压力，远离冲突的处境。且根据空格下文“You should get away from the situation for a while.”（你应该远离这种场合一会儿。）可知D项（和对手保持一定距离是由帮助的。）符合语境。
三、完形填空
【答案】14-18 BBCAB 19-23 DACBC 24-28 ADADC
【解析】本文是说明文。主题语境为人与自然，内容为海豚放归海洋。文章就是否应将被捕获的海豚放归海洋进行了讨论。
14.考查动词短语辨析。A. pick up：捡起；偶然学会；B. hunt for：猎取；C. look after：照顾；D. throw away：扔掉。根据常识可知，被捕获的海豚不需要自己猎取食物。故选B项。
15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们的体型变差了，不能再远距离潜水了。A. see：看见；B. dive：潜水；C. jump：跳起；D. hear：听见。被捕获的海豚由于长期生活在狭小的池子里，导致身材变形、体力下降，不能再远距离潜水。故选B项。
16.考查名词词义辨析。A. appetite：胃口；B. shelter：庇护；避难处；C. lifestyle：生活方式；D. popularity：流行；普及。根据上文中的描述可知，生活在池子里对海豚的生活方式有很大的影响。故选C项。
17.考查形容词词义辨析。A. terrible：糟糕的；B. potential：潜在的；C. unexpected：出乎意料的；D. indirect：间接的。根据上文“They get out of shape and can no longer dive long distances.”可知，结果很糟糕。故选A项。
18.考查动词词义辨析。A. disturb：打扰；B. release：释放；C. protect：保护；D. prohibit：禁止。根据下文“they were set free back into the sea?”可知，set free（释放）应和空格处的release对应。故选B项。
19.考查名词词义辨析。句意：55岁的专家杰夫·福斯特决定帮助两只圈养的海豚汤姆和米莎达到最佳体格状态。A. exercise：练习；锻炼；B. pain：痛苦；C. appearance：外表；出现；D. condition：状况。结合上文中的“They get out of shape and can no longer dive long distance.”可知选D项。
20.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每天，他都会训练两只海豚重新适应它们的野生家园。20个月后，汤姆和米莎开始像野生海豚一样，他们被放回大海。A. wild：野生的；B. clever：聪明的；C. helpless：绝望的；无望的；D. harmless：无害的。结合前面的“he used to train the two dolphins to get used to their wild homes again”可知，两只海豚被训练成像野生海豚一样。故选A项。
21.考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管汤姆和米沙被圈养了4-5年，它们已经能够适应野外生活了。A. If：如果；B. Unless：除非；C. Although：尽管；D. Because：因为。可知前后句为相反关系。故选C项。
22.考查副词词义辨析。A. hardly：几乎不；B. exactly：确切的；C. possibly：可能的；D. awfully：可怕的。根据上句“Tom and Misha lived in captivity for 4-5 years, they were able to adapt to the wild.”以及下句“His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true.”可知这正是福斯特所希望的。故选B项。
23.考查动词词义辨析。A. train：训练；B. search：寻找；C. survive：幸存；D. produce：生产。根据语境可知，设空处所填的词与上文“they were able to adapt to the wild.”含义一致，指他知道海豚会在野外环境下生存下来。故选C项。
24.考查动词词义辨析。A. died：死亡；B. escape：逃脱；C. return：归还；返回；D. recovery：康复。根据语境可知，是失败的案例。所以设空处应选且和空格后面的misfortune相一致。故选A项。
25.考查动词词组辨析。A. led to：导致；B. brought up：抚养、养育；C. go over：复习。D. went through：经历、经受。由句子结构可知空格后为定语从句，先行词为misfortune，从句主语是海豚，此处指的是海豚所经历的不幸。故选D项。
26.考查动词词义辨析。A. suit：适应；适合；B. serve：服务；C. defend：防御；D. prepare：准备。此处指海豚不适应环境的突然变化。故选A项。
27.考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果人们想避免这类事故，我们必须竭尽全力确保此类事故不再发生。A. tank：坦克；水槽；B. time：时间；C. water：水；D. effort：努力。根据语境可知，设空处所填的词应与go to great lengths含义一致；且根据下文中的“ensure it doesn’t happen again”可知，人们要为此付出努力。故选D项。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，随着虚拟现实技术的发展，我们仍然可以找到很好的方法让孩子们从海洋动物身上获得乐趣，而不用去捕捉海豚。A. inspire：激励；B. treat：对待；处理；C. entertain：娱乐；D. change：改变。故选C项。
四、语法填空
【答案】
29. witnessed 30. accommodation 31. especially 32. at 33. to find
34. was told 35. which 36. whalers 37. being abandoned 38. that
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Clancy目睹的一场捕鲸过程。
29.考查时态。根据语境可知，此处表示发生在过去的动作，故用一般过去时，所以填witnessed。
30.考查名词。由his可知此处需要填该词的名词形式，所以填accommodation。
31.考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词especially，表示强调，所以填especially。
32.考查介词。aim sth. at sth.：把某物瞄准或对准某物，该用法是固定用法，所以填at。
33.考查非谓语动词。be surprised to do sth.：对做某事感到惊讶，此处不定式表示出乎意料，所以填to find。
34.考查时态和语态。此处表示他被告知，he与动词tell之间为被动关系；且结合全文时态可知，此处应用一般过去时，所以填was told。
35.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，空格处指代先行词around 24 hours，作介词宾语，指物，用关系代词which，所以填which。
36.考查名词复数。根据空前的one of可知，此处应填名词的复数形式whalers，所以填whalers。
37.考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示正当他害怕被其他捕鲸者抛弃时，故此处应用被动形式；又因该空作介词of的宾语，用动名词形式，所以填being abandoned。
38.考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，此处是it+was+被强调部分+that/ who...强调句型。因被强调部分是a killer whale，所以填that。
应用文写作
【范文】
Dear Peter,
I’m terribly sorry to hear that you are having difficulty learning Chinese. In fact, it is natural to face hardship in learning a foreign language, so please be cheerful and confident. Here are my suggestions.
Firstly, it would be a nice choice to spend more time speaking. Only by talking will you master the language orally. Moreover, reading some short Chinese novels is a good idea, which arouses your interest and passion. Above all, don’t lose heart whatever difficulty you face.
I hope my advice can help you learn Chinese effectively and efficiently. I firmly believe you will make rapid progress.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Peter写一封信，在学习汉语方面给他提出具体建议并简述理由。
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时，少量现在进行时。
结构：总分法，把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
in fact；spend time(in) doing sth.；short Chinese novel；lose heart；make rapid progress
第三步：连词成句
1. In fact, it is natural to face hardship in learning a foreign language, so please be cheerful and confident.
2. It would be a nice choice to spend more time speaking.
3. I firmly believe you will make rapid progress.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：firstly
2.表并列补充关系：moreover，above all，and
3.表因果关系：so
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
六、读后续写
【范文】
Just then, one of the boys looked back and saw the large animal he knew too well. His heart beat faster but his body froze. He screamed with fright. “Here comes the shark. Run!” The other boy spotted the shark this time. Panic seized them, and they began to swim with all their strength. But they were still hundreds of meters away from the ship. The shark was approaching nearer with its white, sharp and pointed teeth clearly seen. All the people on the deck screamed wildly again.
Their screams brought the captain back to his senses. Rushing back, he started the engine again. “Full speed”, he commanded. The ship was like an arrow, heading straight towards the shark. The engine roared deafeningly over the sea. As if frightened by the noisy ship, the shark hesitated for a second, turned around sharply and soon disappeared into the blue sea. All the people burst into cheers, applauding the captain for his quick wit. Seeing the boys rescued by the sailors, the captain cracked a big smile.
【解析】这是一篇读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，在一个阳光明媚的夏日，一艘船上的人做了一个简单的“游泳池”在里面游泳，两个男孩嫌里面太挤，跳进了大海游泳嬉戏。突然有人喊道鲨鱼出现了，每个人都爬到了安全的地方，除了两个男孩。他们没有听到喊叫声。而鲨鱼正在朝两个男孩游过去……
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：就在那时，其中一个男孩回头一看，看到了他太熟悉的大型动物。所以这一段应该写这个男孩看到鲨鱼后的反应，以及两个男孩在海里面的反应，同时也要写船上的人看着这一切发生时的反应。
第二段开头是：他们的尖叫声使船长恢复了理智。既然船长恢复了理智，本段应该详细描写船长在恢复理智之后是如何指挥船上的人将两个男孩救起来的。
【名师点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级句型。如：The ship was like an arrow, heading straight towards the shark.和All the people burst into cheers, applauding the captain for his quick wit.以及Seeing the boys rescued by the sailors, the captain cracked a big smile.这三个句子都使用了现在分词作状语。