Module 4 Seeing the doctor 模块小结课件（41张PPT）

英语（外研版）
八年级 下册
Module 4
Seeing the doctor
English
模块小结
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句。
要点1
（1）ache作名词，意为“痛；隐痛”。例如：
He felt a dull ache in his shoulder. 他感到肩膀隐隐作痛。
（2）作动词，意为“（身体某部位持续且较强烈的）疼痛”。例如：
My tennis elbow began to ache again. 我打网球的手肘又开始痛了。
【拓展】
ache表“疼痛”时，其主语是身体的某部位，而不是“人”。 例如：
My legs ache. 我脚疼。
器官名词后缀-ache表示部位疼痛
tooth+ache = toothache （牙痛） head+ache = headache （头痛）
back+ache= backache（背痛） stomach+ache = stomachache（胃痛）
ear+ache= earache （耳朵痛） heart+ache= heartache（心痛）
表示身体部位痛的几种表示
以“头痛”为例，常见I have got a headache. =My head hurts/aches. =I have a pain in my head
【典例分析】
1今天早晨起床时，我头疼得厉害。(用几种方法翻译下面句子)
My head ________ _______ when I got up this morning.
= I ______ _______ _______ in my head
=I have ________ _______ ________.
【答案】ached /hurt badly had a pain in a bad headache
2我刚才胃痛得厉害 (用几种方法翻译下面句子)
I had a bad stomachache just now.
= My stomach________ badly just now .
=I _______ _______ ______ in my stomachache just now.
【答案】ached had a bad pain
3 Annie has a ________， and she is going to see her dentist today.
A. cold B. fever C. cough D. toothache
【答案】后面提及看牙医。故答案选D
4. —__________?
—I have a headache and I don't want to eat anything.
A. How old are you B. Do you do any exercise
C. What's the matter with you D. How do you like it
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我头痛，什么都不想吃。根据这情景。答案选C。你怎么了？
5．—I’m not feeling well today. I have a headache.
— You’d better go to see the doctor at once.
A．Lucky you! B．You look sad.
C．Why not go to sleep? D．I’m sorry to hear that.
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——我今天感觉不好，我有点头疼。——听到那我很难过，你最好马上去看医生。A. Lucky you! 祝你好运；B. You look sad.你看起来很伤心；C. Why not go to sleep? 为什么不去睡觉；D. I’m sorry to hear that. 听到那我很难过，根据句意故选D。
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要点2
1.作可数名词用,“练习,习题,体操,功课,操练”等,常用复数.
I'm doing my exercises.我在做练习/功课.
Doing morning exercises is helpful to our health.做早操对我们的健康是有益的.
You should do more spelling exercises.你应该做更多的拼写练习.
2.作不可数名词用,“锻炼,运动”.
You are weak because of the lack of exercise.你身体弱是因为缺少锻炼.
Take more exercise, and you will be healthy.多多锻炼,你会健康的.
3.作动词用,“训练,锻炼”.
You must exercise yourself in order to be stronger and healthier.为了更健康更强壮,你必须锻炼自己.
They are exercising troops.他们在练兵.
You don't exercise enough.你锻炼不够.﹝作不及物动词﹞
作动词用还有“履行职责,行使全力”等意思.
You must exercise your own duty.你必须履行你自己的职责.
【典例分析】
1.我们每天做眼保健操。（翻译）
【答案】We do eye exercises every day.
2.每天锻炼能强身健体。（翻译2种）
【答案】Exercising every day can build up your body.=Doing exercise every day can build up your body.
3.Mr Smith takes some _______ every morning to keep healthy, for example, running.
A. exercise B. photos C. advice D. notes
【答案】A
【解析】A 本题考查名词辨析。句意：史密斯先生为了健康，每天进行晨炼，比如：跑步。A. take some exercise锻炼； B. take some photos拍照片C. take some advice采纳建议； D. take some notes记笔记。根据后面例子running跑步可知，是进行晨练。故选A。
4. You should________ if you want to be fitter.
A. take more exercises B. do exercises
C. get some exercises D. take more exercise
【答案】
【解析】exercise作“锻炼”讲是不可数名词，作“习题”讲时，是可数名词。句意：如果你想要更健康，你应该多做锻炼。
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要点3
be harmful to（对……有害）= do harm to =be bad for
Smoking can do a lot of harm to your health.
= Smoking is harmful to your health.
= Smoking is bad for your health. 吸烟有害健康。
【典例分析】
1.长时间看电视对你眼睛有害.
Watching TV for a long time ________ ______ _______ your eyes.
= Watching TV for a long time ________ ______ _______ your eyes.
=Watching TV for a long time ________ ______ _______ your eyes.
【答案】1does harm to is bad for is harmful to
2.Reading in the sun is ________ your eyes.
A. harmful to B. harm for C. harmful for D. harm to
【答案】A句意：在太阳下阅读对你的眼睛有害。
考查形容词短语。be harmful to对……有害；harm for形式错误，harm可以作动词或名词，常与介词to搭配，同样C也不对；harm to对……有害。空前有is，是be动词，该空应用形容词短语。故选A。
要点4
daily & everyday & every day
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daily
作为形容词，意为“每天的；天天的”。作为名词，意为“日报”。
The library is open daily.
图书馆每天都开放。
The young man reads China Daily every day.
年青人每天都读<<中国日报>>。
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everyday
作为形容词，意为“每天的；日常的”，只能够作定语。
Doing exercise is important in my everyday life.
锻炼在我的日常生活中很重要。
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every day
作为副词短语，意为“每天”，在句子作时间状语。
I do some reading every day.
我每天都做阅读。
【典例分析】
1，他每天练习英语日常用语。
He practises _________ English _________.
【答案】daily /everyday every day
2. 每天锻炼在我的日常生活中很重要。
Doing exercise __________is important in my __________ life.
【答案】every day daily
3. There is a supermarket for people to buy ____ things in the small village.
A. lively B. daily C. silly D. weekly
【答案】B
【解析】daily日常的；weekly每周的。
要点5
sleepy 表示“有睡意但没有睡着”。 当其作表语时，表示“困的，想睡的”
【辨析】sleepy与asleep
sleepy 作形容词，意为“困的，想睡的”，可作定语和表语。
asleep 作形容词，意为“睡着的”，只能作表语。常用短语：fall asleep入睡；睡着。
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sleepy
作为形容词，意为“困的；想睡的”，既可以作表语，也可以作定语。
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一言辨异：
Although I slept for over 8 hours last night, I still feel sleepy now. I’m afraid that I’ll fall asleep in a while.
尽管昨天晚上我睡了8个多小时，但是现在我还是很困。恐怕一会儿我又要睡着了。
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asleep
作为形容词，意为“睡着的”，只能作表语，不能够作定语。常用于be/fall asleep,意为“睡着；入睡”。
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sleep
既是动词，也是名词，意为“睡觉；睡眠”。常用于have a good sleep,意为“好好睡一觉”。
She is always sleepy in class.她上课总是想睡觉。
I feel very sleepy now.我现在昏昏欲睡。
The children have been asleep.孩子们已经睡着了。
He was too tired and fell asleep at once.他太累 了，立刻就睡着了。
Last night I slept very well.我昨天晚上睡得很好。
You need to have a good sleep.你需要好好睡一觉。
【典例分析】
1. Your sister falls ________.If you feel ________， please go to ________.（用sleep 的适当形式填空）
【答案】asleep sleepy sleep
2.He goes to bed very late every day, so he often feels _________.
A. asleep B. sleeping C. sleepy D. sleep
【答案】C
【解析】sleepy“有睡意但没有睡着”符合题意。
3. She was very tired and was fast________
A. asleep B. slept C. sleepy D. sleep
【答案】A
【解析】asleep 作形容词，意为“睡着的”，只能作表语.
4.I was too excited to go to_________ .
A. sleep B. sleepy C asleep D. sleepless
【答案】A
【解析】go to sleep 去睡觉。
5. Tina doesn't like the restaurant because the music there makes her ________.
A. sleeping B. slept C. sleepy D. sleeps
【答案】C
【解析】：make后跟形容词作宾补，sleepy“困乏的”为形容词，符合语境。
要点6
ill & sick
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ill
作为形容词，意为“不健康的；有病的”，常作表语，指患病的或身体不舒服的。作定语时意为“品质、情况等坏的、糟糕的，或食物等有不良作用的”。
The young man has an ill temper.
年青人脾气很坏。【ill作定语】
一言辨异：
Although Susan is ill, she is still looking after her sick grandmother.
虽然苏珊生病了，但是她还仍然在照顾生病的奶奶。
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sick
作为形容词，意为“生病的”，指身体或精神上生病的，既可以作表语，又可以作定语。sick 还有"恶心的；厌倦的"之意
【典例分析】1.用ill和sick填空
1）The boy doesn’t like to eat anything. He can be ________
2）Lucy’s mother is _________in hospital.
3）She’ll visit her _________mother after school.
4)The smell makes me________.
【答案】1.ill /sick 2.ill/sick 作表语2个单词都可以。 3.sick可以作定语，而ill不做定语。 4.sick 着重表示“恶心的“
2. He is also _______,but he is still taking care of another _______ man.
A. ill; ill B. sick; ill C. ill; sick
【答案】C .sick可以作定语，而ill不做定语
3.Do you want to Mike’s birthday party?
A. go B. come C. join D. take part in
【答案】D句意：你想要来参加迈克的生日聚会吗？go去，不及物动词；come来，不及物动词；join+组织/团体,加入某种组织或团体，成为其中一员；take part in表示参加某种活动。参加此处的宾语Mike’s birthday party表示一种活动，故用 take part in。故选D。
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要点8
since的用法
（1）作为介词，意为“自……以来”，后接时间点作时间状语，常用于现在完成时，可以和“for + 时间段”互换。
I have known him since 10 years ago.自从10年前我就认识他了。
= I have known him for 10 years.我认识他已经有10年了。
（2）作为连词，意为“自……以来”,引导时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。（3）作为连词，还可译为“由于；既然”，引导原因状语从句，表示很明显的原因。
1.The young man hasn’t done much exercise since he got a mobile phone.
年青人自从买手机以来，就不做大量运动了。
2. Since everybody is here, let’s begin the meeting.
既然人都齐了，我们就开会吧。
【典例分析】
1.It’s almost eight years we saw each other last time.
A since B. before C. after D. when
【答案】A
【解析】句意：自从我们上次见面以来已经快八年了。
考查连词辨析。A. since自从……以来；B. before在……之前；C. after在……之后；D. when当……时候。本句为固定用法，即It’is +一段时间 +since +一般过去时态的句子。故选A。
2.—How long have you lived here?
—________ about 5 years ________ my family moved to the city.
Since; for B. For; since C. For; for D. Since; since
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你住在这里有多长时间了？——自从我家搬到这座城市有五年了。
考查介词、连词辨析。since自从，可以作介词或者连词，引导时间状语从句；for介词，后面可跟一段时间。作连词时可以引导原因状语从句。第一个空后about 5 years是名词短语，表示一段时间，故用介词For；第二个空后是一个从句，表示时间，应用since引导。故选B。
3. The Smiths have lived in the city of Qingdao since________.
A. ten years B. last summer C. they buy a flat D. five months later
【答案】B
【解析】考查since的用法。since作介词时, 后跟时间点作时间状语; 作连词时, 连接时间状语从句, 从句一般用过去式。句意: 史密斯一家人自去年夏天就住在青岛。故选B。
4. ______ you’re tired, you’d better stay at home and have a rest.
A. Since B. Or C. Though D. Till
【答案】A
【解析】句意：既然你累了，你最好呆在家里休息一下。since ，从句表示明显的或已为人所知的理由，常译为“因为；既然”
5. — Why didn’t you go to the party? — ______ I wasn’t invited.
A. As B. Since C. Because D. So
【答案】C
【解析】回答why的句子只能用because。because 表示直接原因，着重点在从句，它所指的原因通常是听话人所不知道的，语气最强。常用来回答why 的提问.这里就不能用since和as
要点9
cold的用法
（1）作为可数名词，意为“感冒；伤风”，常用于catch/have a cold,意为“得了感冒”。
My little brother has had a cold for a whole week.
我弟弟患感冒一周了。
（2）作为形容词，意为“寒冷的”，用于描述天气。
Please put on your warm coat because it is cold today.
请穿上你的厚外套，今天天气寒冷。
【典例分析】
1. – What’s the matter?
-- I have a ________ . I have to go to the doctor.
A. head B. tooth C. cold D. nose
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析：句意：—怎么了？—我感冒了，我必须去看医生。根据题干分析此题是考查“病”的描述，根据所给选项“感冒”应是have a cold，其他答案有关各种病的表达均不正确，故选C。
2.今天很冷，你应该穿件大衣。
It's_______?today, you should put a coat on, it can resist the_________ outside, or you will get a________.
【答案】cold形容词“寒冷”cold 寒冷。名词。 cold 名词
要点10
take的用法
1.拿，取 ，带。
2. 吃，喝，服用，放。
3.乘车(船)等
4“花费(时间、金钱)等” 常常和it连用，it在句子中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式
5.“做……事情”, 常常和名词连用，表示与该名词意义相关的动作 例如：take a walk散步, take a rest休息一下, take a look看一看等等。
6. 构成常用的重要词组：
1）take away 拿走 2）take care (=be careful=look out) Take care!
3）take (good) care of (好好)照顾，照料 4） take down 取下来
5） take out 拿出 6） take off脱下；飞机(等起飞)
7） take one's time 别着急，慢慢来 8）take one's temperature 量体温
【典例分析】
翻译指出下面take不同的意义。
1. I want to take some books to the classroom.
【答案】我想拿些书到教室。 “拿，取 ，带。”
2.Take this medicine three times a day.
【答案】每天吃三次药。 “吃，喝，服用”
3.Do you take sugar in your milk?
【答案】你喝的牛奶里放糖吗？ “拿，取 ，带。”
4.Shall we go there by bike or take a taxi?
【答案】我们是骑自行车去那还是坐出租车去？ “乘车(船)等”
5. The bike is very good. I’ll take it.
【答案】这部自行车非常好，我买下它了. “ 买 ”
6.It usually takes her 20 yuan to buy books every week.
【答案】每周买书通常要花费她20元钱。“花费(时间、金钱)等”
7.Take care ！The car is coming!
【答案】小心！车来了！Take care 固定搭配“当心，小心”
8.Take down the picture and put up the map of the world.
【答案】摘下这张图画，挂上一幅世界地图。Take down取下来
9.I can take care of the baby all by myself.
【答案】我自己能照顾这个小孩。take care of照顾，照料
10.Please take out a piece of paper and write down your names on it, OK?
【答案】拿出一张纸，在上面写下你们的名字，好吗？take out 取出
11.Sorry! You have to take off your shoes before getting into the computer room.
【答案】对不起，在进入微机室之前，先要把你的鞋子脱掉。take off 脱下。
12.The plane is going to take off soon.
【答案】飞机马上就要起飞了。take off 起飞
13.Please take your time!
【答案】别着急，慢慢来！take one's time 别着急，慢慢来
14.Let me take your temperature.
【答案】让我量一下你的体温吧。take one's temperature 量体温
15. My uncle enjoys taking photos.
【答案】我叔叔喜欢摄影。take photos. 照相
16.Jill is ill. Have you his temperature?
A. got B. taken C. had D. catch
【答案】B 句意：吉尔生病了，你给他量体温了吗？A. got得到；B. taken拿，取，带领；C. had有；D. catch抓住。take one’s temperature给某人量体温，结合句意可知，答案为B。
17.Mrs Smith gave her son some medicine and asked him to ______ it twice a day.
A. pay B. take C. cost D. make
【答案】B 句意：史密斯太太给她儿子一些药，让他一天吃两次。A. pay支付；B. take带走，吃；C. cost花费；D. make制作；根据Mrs. Smith gave her son some medicine可知是让他吃药，和take the medicine吃药，故选B
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要点11
health的用法
（1）作为名词，意为“健康（状况）”
Eating more fruit and vegetables is good for your health.
多吃水果和蔬菜对你的健康有好处。
（2）其形容词为healthy,意为“健康的”。常用于keep/stay healthy，意为“保持健康”。其反义词为unhealthy,意为“不健康的”。
To keep healthy, we should do more exercise. 为了保持健康，我们要多参加锻炼。
（3）其副词为healthily,意为“健康地”，其反义词是unhealthily意为“不健康地”。
We should eat and drink healthily.我们应该健康地吃喝。
【典例分析】
1. The girl has been ill for several years, so she looks very ____.
A. strong B. weak C. healthy D. unfriendly
【答案】C 句意：这个女孩病了好几年了，所以她看起来很健康.look后面用形容词作表语。
2. Bill is in good ____. He is pretty ____ .
A. health; health B. healthy; healthy C. health; healthy D. healthy; health
【答案】C 句意：比尔身体很好。他很健康。In good health身体好。
3.--Smoking is bad for your ．
-You’re right．I decide to give it up．
A. healthy B. health C. head D. mouth
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——吸烟对你的健康有害。——你说的对。我决定戒烟。healthy健康的，是形容词；health 健康，是名词。head是名词；mouth嘴，是名词。结合句意，吸烟有害健康，有形容词性物主代词修饰，故此处用名词health。故选B。
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要点12
developing的用法
（1）作为形容词，意为“发展中的”。
China is a developing country.中国是一个发展中国家。
（2）形容词developed，意为“发达的”。
Germany is a developed country.德国是一个发达国家。
（3）名词development,意为“发展；开发”。
The government is encouraging the development of small businesses.政府鼓励发展小公司。
要点13
1. ______________________ 感冒 2. ______________________ 给某人量体温
3. ______________________太多 4. _____________________ 对……有危害
5. ______________________ 比如；例如 6. _____________________参加锻炼
7. ______________________看医生 8. ______________________带某人去散步
9. ______________________感觉健康 10. _____________________ 参加
11. ______________________健康状况很好 12. ______________________ 乘地铁
13. ______________________ 全身 14. ______________________ 第一次
15. ______________________偶尔，有时 16. ______________________在过去
17. ______________________某人的一生 18. _____________________ 关闭，关上
19. _____________________ 以便；为的是 20. _____________________创建一支女子足球队
【答案】1. catch a cold 2. take one's temperature 3. too much 4. be harmful to 5. such as
6. do some exercise 7. see the doctor 8. take sb. for a walk 9. feel fit 10. take part in 11. in excellent condition 12. on the underground 13. all over 14. for the first time 15. from time to time 16. in the past 17. all one's life 18. turn off 19. so that 20 start a girl’s football team
1、for 和 since 引导的状语（从句）与现在完成时连用
for 是介词，其后接一段时间；
I have taught here for ten years.
since 可作介词，也可作连词，其后接时间点或从句。
I have been here since 2010.
We have been friends since we were young.
I have lived here since three years ago.
2、非延续性动词在现在完成时中的用法
(1)非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如：come, go, join, leave, buy, die, borrow, begin 等。
(2)非延续性动词虽然可用于完成时，但是不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若句中有表示一段时间的状语，要将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词。
(3)延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：
leave --- be away(from) borrow --- keep buy --- have
begin/start --- be on die --- be dead finish --- be over
join --- be in+组织机构 be a member of+组织机构 open sth --- keep sth open
fall ill --- be ill get up---be up catch a cold --- have a cold
come here --- be here go there --- be there become --- be
come back --- be back fall asleep --- be asleep get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in)
get to know --- know go (get) out ---be out put on---wear
The old man died 4 years ago.
=The old man has been dead for 4 years.
He joined the Party 2 years ago.
=He has been in the Party for 2 years.
bought the book 5 days ago.
= I have had the book for 5 days.
1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _______ for 20 minutes.
A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away
2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far.
A. joined B. have joined C. have been in D. have been to
3. The factory ________ since the February of 1 988.
A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened
4. Mary and Rose _______friends since they met in 2000.
A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become
5.You mustn't ________ until he comes back.
A. be away B. leave C. be left D. been left
6.The meeting _______ for a week now.
A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over D. has gone
7.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years.
A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught D. taught
8.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years .?
????? A. has been? B. has become? C. was??? D. became
?9. I ______ home for a week.???
????? A. have returned?? B. have been back?? C. returned D. return
?10. How long _______ he ________ ??
????? A. died??? B. has, died?? C. has, been dead D. die
?11. He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon.
????? A. slept??? B. was sleeping?? C. has sleep?? D. had slept
?12.He ________ the car for a week.??
????? A. bought??? B. has bought?? C. has had? D. buy
13. Mr. Black ___ China since the summer of 1998.
A. has been to B. has been in C. has come to D. came to
14. Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou 1992.
A. since B. from C. After D. in
【答案】CCABB CCABC BCBA
二、根据句意用for，since完成下列句子。
1．My mother has cooked in the kitchen ________two hours ago.
2．We have learned English ________ more than two years.
3．The police have searched for the lost boy ________two days.
4．I have known the boy ________he came to study in our school.
5．—How long have you watched TV，Jack? —________two hours.
【答案】： 1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. For
三、同义句转换，每空一词。
1．Her parents came to China five years ago.
Her parents________ ________ ________China since five years ago.
2．Susan bought this coat two days ago.
Susan________ ________the coat ________ two days ago.
3．I got to know Jack last week.
I________ ________ Jack ________ last week.
4．He joined the army in 2010.
He ________ ________ a soldier ________ six years.
5．I began to play the piano in 2003.
I ________ ________ the piano ________ thirteen years.
【答案】：11. have been in 12. has had since 13. have known for
14. has been for 15. have played for
话题四：本模块主要谈论“健康问题”。在具体的写作中,学生应做到以下几点:
1.根据提示写出关于健康生活的短文;
2.能针对病情提出合理的建议:
3.反思自己或父母的生活是否健康,学会关心他人。
词汇积累
fever 发烧 weak 虚弱的 sleepy 困的 active 积极的
exercise 锻炼 toothache牙痛 headache头痛 look over检查
stomach ache胃痛;腹痛 ill不健康的;有病的 cold感冒;伤风 feel lonely感到孤独
take some medicine服药 do some sports做运动 have lunch 吃午餐
would like to do sth.想要做某事 be good for对……有益 be harmful to对……有害
句式积累
1.We all want to grow happily and healthily.我们都想快乐健康地长大。
2.First,we should keep ourselves happy every day.首先,我们要保持每天都快乐。
3.The more knowledge we have, the more confident we will be.我们掌握的知识越多,我们就越自信。
4.I was ill last night. So this morning I went to see a doctor.我昨晚感冒了,所以今天早晨我去看医生了。
5.The doctor looked him over and said he had a bad cold with a fever.医生给他检查了一下,说他重感冒并且发烧。
6.You should eat more vegetables and fruit, but less junk food.你应当多吃蔬菜和水果,而少吃垃圾食品。
7.Drink more water instead of unhealthy drinks.多喝水代替不健康的饮料。
8.You should exercise half an hour every day.你应当每天锻炼半小时。
?
【实战演练】
身体健康才能更好地学习生活，请你根据以下几个方面说说如何保养身体。
1，充足的睡眠。
2，多喝水，不吃不健康的食品。
3，坚持运动。
4，心情好，少烦恼。
Healthy Lifestyle
Now, people are concerning about how to have a healthy lifestyle. Here are some of my ideas on it.
Healthy Lifestyle
Now, people are concerning about how to have a healthy lifestyle. Here are some of my ideas on it.
First, I think it’s important for us to have a balanced diet. We should have plenty of vegetables and fruit every day. Don’t eat junk food. Also, it’s necessary for us to eat some meat in our meals. but not too much. Second, we should have enough sleep. We had better sleep 8 or 9 hours a day so that we can be full of energy during the day. Third, we should try to take regular exercise which helps us relax and be in good health. Last, we should keep happy and stay positive. Don’t warry about small things.
In this way, we will always feel good in our lives and be strong enough to fight against pressure.
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