(共101张PPT)
UNIT
2 MORALS
AND
VIRTUES
Period
Two Reading
and
Thinking
课前自主预习
1．帮助某人渡过难关
______________
2．大多数
______________
3．抱怨
______________
4．从……毕业
______________
5．为……负责
______________
6．选择学医
______________
7．拒绝这个提议
______________
carry
sb.through
the
majority
of
complain
about
graduate
from…
be
responsible
for…
choose
to
study
medicine
refuse
this
proposal
8．开了一家私立诊所
______________
9．被……深深触动
______________
10．花了四年时间才实现______________
11．作为……而出名
______________
12．需要帮助
______________
13．她的一生
________________
open
a
private
clinic
be
deeply
affected
by…
take
four
years
to
achieve
be
known
as…
in
need
of
help
throughout
her
life
14．tend
to
do
sth.______________
15．tend
patients
______________
16．play
a
key
role
in
______________
17．treat…as…
______________
18．show
interest
in…
______________
19．charge
very
low
fees
______________
20．entrust
sb.with
one?s
life
______________
21．hold
an
important
position
______________
易于/往往会做某事
照顾病人
起到关键作用
对待……就像……
对……有兴趣
收取很低的诊费
把生命托付给某人
占有重要地位
1．To
a
person,
nothing
is
________
(precious)
than
their
life…(“否定词＋比较级”)
2．I'd
________
________
(stay)
single
to
study
all
my
life！(would
rather
的用法)
3．Eight
years
later，Lin
graduated
from
Peking
Union
Medical
College
(PUMC)with
the
Wenhai
Scholarship，the
highest
prize
________
(give)
to
graduates.(过去分词做后置定语)
4．She
greatly
impressed
her
American
colleagues,
________
invited
her
to
stay.(非限制性定语从句)
5．She
immediately
became
the
first
woman
ever
________
(hire)
as
a
resident
physician
in
the
OB－GYN
department
of
the
PUMC
Hospital.(不定式的被动式做后置定语)
6．At
times
she
was
even
seen
________
(ride)
a
donkey
to
faraway
villages
to
provide
medical
care.(see
sb.doing)
【答案】1.more
precious 2.rather
stay 3.given
4．who 5.to
be
hired 6.riding
Ⅰ.通读文章，回答问题
1．What's
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
_______________________________________________
【答案】A
brief
introduction
of
a
famous
Chinese
doctor
named
Lin
Qiaozhi.
2．What
kind
of
good
morals
do
you
think
Dr
Lin
has?
_______________________________________________
【答案】Kindness,
hardwork,
selflessness
and
devotion.
Ⅱ.阅读课文，判断信息正误
( )1.When
Lin
Qiaozhi
was
five
years
old,
her
mother
passed
away.
( )2.Her
father
was
against
her
choice
to
study
medicine.
( )3.Lin
Qiaozhi
was
quickly
named
a
chief
resident
physician
in
the
PUMC
hospital.
( )4.Lin
Qiaozhi
treated
her
patients
in
her
clinic
for
free.
( )5.Lin
Qiaozhi
set
up
a
fund
by
herself
to
help
new
doctors.
【答案】1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.F
Ⅲ.阅读课文，选择正确选项
( )1.What
did
Lin
Qiaozhi's
brother
want
her
to
do?
A．To
study
medicine.
B．To
get
married.
C．To
find
a
job.
D．To
support
the
family.
( )2.Why
did
Lin
reject
her
American
colleagues'
offer?
A．She
wanted
to
further
her
study
in
Europe.
B．She
wanted
to
be
a
chief
resident
physician.
C．She
wanted
to
work
for
her
motherland.
D．She
wanted
to
be
paid
more
at
home.
( )3.What
did
Lin
Qiaozhi
do
after
her
department
was
closed?
A．She
started
her
own
clinic.
B．She
went
to
work
in
another
hospital.
C．She
began
to
work
for
the
government.
D．She
requested
to
hold
an
important
position.
( )4.What
can
we
know
about
the
life
of
Dr
Lin?
A．She
had
babies
of
her
own.
B．She
devoted
herself
to
the
patients.
C．She
built
a
kindergarten
to
help
the
poor.
D．She
was
interested
in
the
positions
in
government.
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B
课堂新知讲练
1．majority
n．大部分；大多数
(P16)At
age
18，instead
of
following
the
traditional
path
of
marriage
like
the
majority
of
girls,
she
chose
to
study
medicine.
【翻译】18
岁时，她没有像大多数女孩一样走传统的婚姻之路，而是选择了学医。
(1)majority
n．大部分；大多数
the/a
majority
of…大多数的……
in
the/a
majority
占多数
【用法详解】
(2)major
adj.主要的；重要的；大的
n．主修课程；专业
play
a
major
role/part
in
sth.
在某事中起重要作用
vi.主修
major
in
主修
(3)反义词
minor
adj.次要的
→minority
n．少数
a
minority
of…少数的……
The
majority
of
them
take
an
online
language
test
before
starting
their
programme.
他们中的大多数在开始这个课程前参加网上语言测试。
※【拓展提升】
(1)the
majority单独作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。
(2)“the/a
majority
of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词保持一致。
【语境串记】
Only
a
minority
of
people
in
that
city
do
not
have
a
car
while
the
people
taking
subway
to
work
are
in
the/a
majority.
在那个城市只有少数人没有汽车，但是乘坐地铁上班的人却占了大多数。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)WeChat
is
to
the
taste
of
________
________
________
________，especially
the
youth.
微信符合大多数人的胃口，
尤其是年轻人。
(2)I
believe
that
students
supporting
me
are
________
________
________.
我相信支持我的学生占多数。
(3)On
the
other
hand,
________
________
________
students
are
opposed
to
it.
另一方面，
少数学生反对。
【答案】(1)the
majority
of
people
(2)in
the/a
majority (3)a
minority
of
2．complain
vi.&
vt.抱怨；发牢骚
(P16)“…Finding
a
good
husband
should
be
their
final
goal！”
her
brother
complained,
thinking
of
the
high
tuition
fees.
【翻译】“……找一个好丈夫应该是她们的最终目标！”
想到高额的学费，她哥哥就抱怨道。
(1)complain
about…抱怨……
complain
(to
sb.)
that…(向某人)抱怨……
complain
to
sb.about
sth.向某人抱怨某事
(2)complaint
n．抱怨
make
a
complaint
to
sb.about
sth.向某人抱怨某事
a
flood
of
complaints
大量的投诉
【用法详解】
My
father
is
very
brave,
hard－working,
responsible
and
most
importantly
he
never
complains.
我的父亲非常勇敢、
勤劳、负责，最为重要的是，
他从来不抱怨。
September
is
around
the
corner，and
some
of
us
are
already
complaining
about
summer's
end.
九月即将来临，
我们中的一些人已经在抱怨夏季的结束了。
I
have
to
make
a
complaint
about
the
poor
quality
of
food
and
service
in
your
restaurant.
我要投诉你们餐馆里极差的食物和服务。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)He
phoned
a
newspaper
reporter
to
complain
________
the
reporter's
story.
(2)Jane
is
my
best
friend
and
I
can
complain
________
her
when
I
am
unhappy.
(3)I'd
like
to
be
informed
of
the
process
of
your
dealing
with
my
________
(complain)．
【答案】(1)about (2)to (3)complaint
3．respond
vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应
(P16)She
responded,
“I'd
rather
stay
single
to
study
all
my
life！”
【翻译】她回答道：“为了学习，我宁愿一辈子单身！”
(1)respond
to…(with
sth.)
回答；回复；对……作出反应
respond
that…
回答说……
(2)response
n．反应；回答；回复
in
response
to
作为对……的答复/反应
make
a
response(to)
(对……)作出回应/反应
【用法详解】
They
are
likely
to
respond
positively
to
the
farmers'
request
for
aid.
他们可能会对农民的援助要求作出积极回应。
I'm
writing
to
have
a
brief
introduction
of
Beijing
Opera
in
response
to
your
request.
我写信简要介绍京剧以回答你的要求。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)After
all，knowing
basic
first－aid
techniques
will
help
you
respond
quickly
________
emergencies.
(2)He
made
no
________
(respond)
to
my
question，and
went
on
with
his
movie.
(3)We
complained
to
the
travel
agency
about
the
terrible
service
during
our
trip，but
no
one
________
(respond)
by
now.
【答案】(1)to (2)response (3)has
responded
4．appoint
vt.任命；
委任
(P16)In
1941，Dr
Lin
became
the
first
Chinese
woman
ever
to
be
appointed
director
of
the
OB－GYN
department
of
the
PUMC
Hospital
…
【翻译】在1941年，林医生成为中国第一位被任命为北京协和医院妇产科主任的女性……
(1)appoint
vt.
任命；重任
appoint
sb.to
be…任命某人担任……
appoint
sb.as…任命某人担任……
appoint
a
time
约定一个时间
(2)appointed
adj.约定的；指定的
at
the
appointed
time
在约定的时间
【用法详解】
(3)appointment
n．任命；约定
appointment
letter
约见信；任命书
make
an
appointment
with
sb.与某人约定时间
break/keep
an
appointment
爽约/守约
His
high
school
coach
appointed
him
to
be/as
manager
of
the
team.
他所在中学的教练任命他为球队领队。
I
have
made
an
appointment
with
a
specialist，and
my
mother
will
take
me
to
see
him.
我已经预约了一名专家，
我妈妈将带我去看他。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)It
made
sense
to
appoint
a
patient
woman
________
(deal)
with
this
matter.
(2)Salmon，disabled，is
attended
throughout
her
school
days
by
a
nurse
________
(appoint)
to
guard
her.
(3)To
his
joy，he
________
(appoint)as
a
manager.After
all,
this
represented
his
ability.And
the
moment
he
received
the
________
(appoint)
letter，he
called
and
made
an
appointment
________
his
former
teacher，for
whose
help
he
was
grateful.
【答案】(1)to
deal (2)appointed
(3)was
appointed;
appointment;
with
5．tend
vt.照顾；
照料 vi.倾向；
趋于
(P17)She
was
more
interested
in
tending
patients…
【翻译】她对照顾病人更感兴趣……
(1)tend
to
do
sth.倾向于做某事
tend
sb./sth.照料/照看
tend
to
be
倾向于；趋向于
tend
on
照料；招待
(2)tendency
n．倾向；趋势
have
a
tendency
to
do
sth.有做某事的倾向
【用法详解】
Some
people
tend
to
look
down
upon
disabled
people.
有些人往往瞧不起残疾人。
A
team
of
medical
workers
were
sent
to
tend
the
survivors
of
the
earthquake.
一组医护人员被派去照料地震的幸存者。
As
a
Senior
3
student,
it
is
normal
that
you
have
a
tendency
to
get
anxious
with
time
going
by.
作为一名高三学生，
随着时间的推移你会感到焦虑，
这是正常的。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)That
is,
they
tend
________
(say)
what
must
be
not
what
to
do.
(2)There
is
a
slow
________
(tend)that
“the
beat
culture”
is
popular
with
the
youths
in
China.
【答案】(1)to
say (2)tendency
6．sharp
adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的
(P17)Many
Americans
complain
about
the
sharp
increase
in
the
cost
of
health
care
and
health
insurance
recently.
【翻译】许多美国人抱怨最近医疗保健和医疗保险费用的急剧增加。
(1)sharp－eyed
adj.目光敏锐的
a
sharp
increase
急剧增加
be
sharp
with…对……说话刻薄
a
sharp
bend/turn
急转弯
【用法详解】
(2)sharply
adv.急剧地；大幅度地；严厉地
(3)sharpen
vt.(使)变得锋利
Make
sure
you
use
a
good
sharp
knife.
你一定要用锋利的好刀。
There
is
a
sharp
fall
in
unemployment.
失业人数急剧下降。
【针对练习】
写出下列句子中sharp的中文意思
(1)As
we
all
know，an
eagle
has
sharp
eyesight.
__________
(2)All
the
footmarks
are
quite
sharp
and
clear.
__________
(3)Suddenly，he
felt
a
sharp
pain
in
the
stomach.
__________
(4)He
fainted
when
riding
to
work.The
bike
made
a
sharp
turn
to
the
left.
__________
(5)Unfortunately，I
cut
my
foot
on
a
sharp
stone
last
night.
__________
【答案】(1)敏锐的 (2)明显的 (3)剧烈的
(4)急转的 (5)锋利的
7．energetic
adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的
(P17)One
of
the
advantages
of
hiring
energetic
and
positive
young
people
is
that
they
tend
to
show
interest
in
their
work
and
they
are
eager
to
learn.
【翻译】雇用精力充沛、积极向上的年轻人的好处之一是，他们往往对自己的工作表现出兴趣，并且渴望学习。
(1)be
energetic
in
doing…积极地做……
(2)energy
n．活力；精力；能源；能量
be
full
of
energy
精力充沛
have
the
energy
to
do
sth.有精力做某事
apply/devote
one's
energies
to…
把某人的精力花……上
【用法详解】
You
are
always
full
of
energy.Can
you
tell
me
the
secret?
你总是精力充沛。能告诉我你的秘诀吗？
Do
you
wake
up
every
morning
feeling
energetic
and
ready
to
start
a
new
day?
你每天早上起来时感觉精力充沛，准备开始新的一天吗？
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The
teenagers
have
many
virtues，who
are
lively
and
________
(energy)．
(2)He
works
so
hard
that
he
doesn't
have
the
energy
________
(exercise)．
(3)She
is
always
energetic
________
taking
part
in
a
wide
range
of
activities.
【答案】(1)energetic (2)to
exercise (3)in
8．replace
vt.接替；
取代；
更换
(P17)The
student
union
will
hold
a
special
meeting
in
January
to
elect
someone
to
replace
the
secretary.
【翻译】学生会将在1
月份举行一次特别会议，选举一个人来代替秘书。
(1)replace
sth.with
sth.用某物替代某物
be
replaced
by…被……代替
(2)表示“代替”的还有：
in
place
of，take
the
place
of，in
one's
place，take
one's
place，instead
of
【用法详解】
I
will
no
longer
use
one－off
things
and
replace
plastic
bags
with
paper
bags.
我将不会再使用一次性物品，
并且会用纸袋替换塑料袋。
It's
good
to
enjoy
other
cultures
and
learn
from
them,
but
they
can
never
replace
your
own
culture.
欣赏并向其他的文化学习非常好，
但是它们永远无法替代你自己的文化。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Vinod
Khosla
suggests
that
we
get
rid
of
80%
of
doctors
and
replace
them
________
robots.
(2)Old
books
are
like
old
friends.Once
lost，they
can
never
__________
(replace)．
同义句转换
(3)There
is
something
wrong
with
my
bike，so
I
decide
to
replace
it
with
a
new
one.
→
There
is
something
wrong
with
my
bike，so
I
decide
to
use
a
new
one
__________
it.
【答案】(1)with (2)be
replaced
(3)to
replace/in
place
of/to
take
the
place
of
9．carry
sb.through
sth.帮助某人渡过难关
(P16)These
words
of
Dr
Lin
Qiaozhi
give
us
a
look
into
the
heart
of
this
amazing
woman，and
what
carried
her
through
a
life
of
hard
choices.
【翻译】林巧稚医生的这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。
carry
through
完成；帮助渡过难关
carry
out
执行；实行；贯彻；实现
carry
on
开展；维持；继续
carry
off
赢得；获得
【短语延伸】
It
was
your
help
that
carried
me
through
the
hard
times.
正是你的帮助使我度过了艰难时刻。
He
had
learned
enough
German
to
carry
on
a
conversation.
他已学了足够的德语来进行会话。
No
matter
what
we
do，we
must
carry
out
our
duties.
无论干什么工作，我们都应履行自己的职责。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)We
should
carry
________
the
plan
strictly
and
carefully.
(2)Every
time
I
feel
upset,
my
mother
always
encourages
me
to
carry
________.
完成句子
(3)It's
a
difficult
job
but
she's
the
person
to
________
________
________.
这是一项艰巨的工作，但她是那个能顺利完成这项工作的人。
【答案】(1)out (2)on (3)carry
it
through
1．(P16)To
a
person
nothing
is
more
precious
than
their
life…
【翻译】
对一个人来说，没有什么比生命更珍贵了……
【考点提炼】“否定词＋比较级”，即形容词的比较级用于否定结构中，可以表示最高级含义。
【归纳拓展】
其他表示最高级的句型：
(1)比较级＋than＋the
other＋复数名词/the
rest
of
＋复数名词/any
of
the
other＋复数名词/any
other
＋单数名词
(2)比较级＋than＋anything/anyone
else
(3)在比较句型中使用no,
nobody,
nothing等词。
He
works
harder
than
any
other
student.
他学习最用功。
She
goes
to
school
earlier
than
the
other
girls.
她比其他女孩早上学。
George
did
more
work
than
anyone
else.
乔治干活最多。
I
like
nothing
better
than
swimming.
我最喜欢游泳。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)I
have
________
________
________
________
________
than
this.
我从未读过这么好的书。
(2)I
can
tell
you
that
there
is
________
________
________
being
praised
by
my
teacher
before
my
classmates.
我可以告诉你，在同学面前被老师赞扬是最好的事了。
【答案】(1)never
read
a
better
book
(2)nothing
better
than
2．(P16)She
responded，“I'd
rather
stay
single
to
study
all
my
life！”
她回答道：“为了学习，我宁愿一辈子单身！”
【考点提炼】“would
rather＋动词原形
/have
done”
表示“宁愿做某事/宁愿做过某事”。
【归纳拓展】
(1)would
rather
do…than
do…
宁愿做……而不愿做……
＝would
do…rather
than
do…
(2)would
rather
have
done
sth.
宁愿过去做过某事
(3)would
rather
sb.
had
done
sth.
宁愿某人过去做过某事
(4)would
rather
sb.
did
sth.
宁愿某人现在或将来做过某事
(5)would
rather
后面也可以接从句(如果是从句是过去时，表示现在或将来；如果是过去完成时，则表示过去)
I
would
rather
have
taken
his
advice.
我宁愿过去接受了他的意见。
Who
would
you
rather
went
with
you?
你宁愿谁和一起去？
I
would
rather
I
had
passed
the
examination
last
week.
我真希望通过上星期的考试。
I
would
rather
you
came
next
Saturday.
我宁愿你下星期六过来。
I'd
rather
you
hadn't
done
that.
我真希望你没有做过那件事。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)She
would
rather
_____
(move)to
another
city
immediately.
(2)Jane
would
rather
________
(be)more
careful
at
that
time.
(3)I'd
rather
you
________
(meet)her
at
the
airport
tomorrow
morning.
(4)I'd
rather
she
________(ask)
me
before
borrowing
the
car.
【答案】(1)move (2)have
been (3)met (4)had
asked
3．(P16)At
times
she
was
even
seen
riding
a
donkey
to
faraway
villages
to
provide
medical
care.
【翻译】有时人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴去遥远的村庄提供医疗服务。
【考点提炼】本句是“see＋宾语＋现在分词”结构，表示宾语正在做某事，其中宾语与分词之间是主动关系。
【归纳拓展】
(1)see后接宾补时，结构如下：
see
sb.do(表示看到全过程或动作经常发生，在被动句中用be
seen
to
do)
see
sb.doing(看到动作正在进行)
see
sb.done(看到某人被……，表示动作完成或一种状态)
(2)除see
外，感官动词hear，notice，watch，observe
等也有类似用法。
I
saw
the
old
man
disappear
in
the
distance.
我看见老人消失在远处。
I
looked
up
and
saw
a
beautiful
bird
standing
on
a
branch.
我抬头看到一只漂亮的鸟站在树枝上。
We
noticed
the
thief
taken
away
by
a
group
of
policemen.
我们注意到小偷被一群警察带走了。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Seeing
the
sun
________
(rise)
above
the
surface
of
the
sea，we
let
out
a
shout
of
joy.
(2)His
colleague
was
seen
________
(enter)the
building
at
that
moment.
(3)The
manager
was
satisfied
to
see
many
pots
of
good
quality
________
(make)
after
great
effort.
【答案】(1)rising (2)entering (3)made
课文读练专训
Ⅰ.请从题后所给的六个选项中选择合适的答案
1．Lin
Qiaozhi's
brother
thought
________.
2．After
Lin
Qiaozhi
passed
away,
__________.
3．Her
American
colleagues
invited
her
to
stay
there,
__________.
4．Lin
Qiaozhi
thought
that
she
couldn't
refuse
people's
trust
________.
5．Lin
Qiaozhi
made
up
her
mind
to
study
medicine
maybe
__________.
A．as
they
entrusted
her
with
their
lives
B．it
was
normal
for
girls
to
marry
a
good
husband
C．because
of
the
heavy
blow
from
her
mother's
death
D．she
still
contributed
a
lot
to
children
and
new
doctors
E．but
she
showed
her
determination
to
tend
patients
at
home
F．but
she
thought
she
couldn't
adapt
to
the
environment
abroad
【答案】1.B 2.D 3.E 4.A 5.C
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
Lin
Qiaozhi
1.________
(know)as
the
“mother
of
ten
thousand
babies”because
she
had
delivered
over
50,
000
babies
in
her
lifetime.When
she
was
18
years
old，she
chose
2.________
(study)medicine
instead
of
following
the
traditional
path
of
marriage
like
the
majority
of
girls.3.________
graduating
from
Peking
Union
Medical
College，she
immediately
became
the
first
woman
to
be
hired
as
a
resident
physician
in
the
OB－GYN
department
of
the
PUMC
Hospital.
A
few
years
4.________
(late),
she
was
sent
to
study
in
Europe
and
then
in
the
US.Her
American
colleagues
wanted
her
to
stay
in
the
US,
5.________
she
refused
because
she
wanted
to
work
for
her
motherland.
Then
during
the
war,
she
6.________
(open)her
own
clinic
to
help
the
patients.After
the
foundation
of
the
new
People's
Republic
of
China，she
held
many
important
7.________
(position),
but
she
was
more
interested
8.________
tending
patients.Dr
Lin
didn't
retire
9.________
the
day
she
died,
22
April
1983,
10.________
(leave)
all
her
savings
to
a
kindergarten
and
a
fund
for
new
doctors.
【答案】1.is
known 2.to
study 3.After 4.later
5．but 6.opened 7.positions 8.in 9.until 10.leaving
Ⅲ.概要写作
请根据课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
【答案】One
possible
version：
Lin
Qiaozhi
determined
to
study
medicine
at
18(要点1).
After
graduation，she
worked
as
a
resident
physician
in
the
PUMC
Hospital
and
was
sent
abroad
for
further
study(要点2).
After
she
returned，she
opened
her
own
clinic
because
her
department
was
closed
because
of
the
war(要点3).
Though
she
was
involved
in
political
affairs
after
liberation，she
still
devoted
herself
to
medical
affairs(要点4).
She
always
thought
of
others
until
her
death(要点5)．
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I
think
we
should
stress
the
education
of
our
traditional
(1)
________
(美德)，which
are
all
(2)
________
(宝贵的)．We
should
also
(3)________
(拒绝)bad
values
in
our
life.
【答案】(1)virtues (2)precious (3)reject
2．Many
students
(1)
________
(抱怨)about
the
high
(2)
________
(学费)fees
of
the
university.But
the
official
related
(3)
________
(回应),
“We
charge
fees
based
on
certain
rules,
and
our
(4)
________
(奖学金)
is
on
the
increase.”
【答案】(1)complained (2)tuition
(3)responded (4)scholarship
3．Jane
was
(1)
________
(雇用)as
a
resident
(2)________(医师)
after
graduating
from
a
medical
college.She
was
always
(3)________
(精力充沛的)and
volunteered
to
go
to
(4)________
(遥远的)villages
to
provide
medical
care.
【答案】(1)hired (2)physician (3)energetic (4)faraway
4．In
the
last
two
(1)
________
(十年)，the
industry
of
(2)
________
(保险)has
seen
a
(3)
________
(急剧的)
increase.The
(4)
________
(多数的)of
people
have
bought
various
types
of
(5)
________
(保险)，especially
those
who
have
(6)
________
(退休)from
work.
【答案】(1)decades (2)insurance (3)sharp
(4)majority (5)insurances (6)retired
3．The
college
is
____________________
in
supporting
the
study
of
medicine
against
cancers.
4．My
sister
__________________
in
the
department
of
the
environment.
5．A
teacher
should
__________________
the
conduct
of
pupils
in
the
classroom.
6．China
has
always
been
__________________
a
land
of
propriety
(得体)
and
righteousness
(正直)．
7．__________________
students
were
in
favour
of
the
suggestion
that
they
go
to
picnic
the
next
day.
【答案】1.carries
her
through 2.complained
about
3．playing
a
key
role 4.holds
an
important
position
5．be
responsible
for 6.known
as 7.The
majority
of
Ⅲ.课文原句填空
1．To
a
person,
nothing
is
________
________
________
their
life.
对一个人来说，没有什么比生命更珍贵的了。
【答案】more
precious
than
2．I'd
rather
________
________
to
study
all
my
life!
为了学习，我宁愿一辈子单身。
【答案】stay
single
3．In
1941，Dr
Lin
became
the
first
Chinese
woman
ever
_______
_______
________
director
of
the
OB－GYN
department
of
the
PUMC
Hospital
林医生在1941年成为中国第一位被任命为北京协和医院妇产科主任的女性。
【答案】to
be
appointed
4．As
doctors,
we
should
be
responsible
for
the
patients
and
________
________
________
________
________.
作为医生，我们应该为病人负责，把他们当做我们的姐妹。
【答案】treat
them
as
our
sisters
5．Dr
Lin
did
________
retire
________
the
day
she
died.
林医生工作到了最后时刻。
【答案】not；until(共80张PPT)
UNIT
2 MORALS
AND
VIRTUES
Period
Three Discovering
Useful
Structures&
Listening
and
Talking
课前自主预习
1．________________
去世
2．________________
作为对……的纪念
3．________________
在午夜时分
4．________________
埋葬在……
5．___________________________
写一篇文章纪念某人
6．________________
有影响；有不同
7．________________
醒来
pass
away
in
memory
of
at
midnight
be
buried
in…
write
an
article
in
memory
of
sb.
make
a
difference
wake
up
8．work
as
…________________
9．give
first
aid
________________
10．start
with
…________________
11．first
of
all
________________
12．step
by
step
________________
13．once
upon
a
time
________________
14．worry
about
________________
15．hurry
to
the
hospital
________________
16．with
a
very
creative
mind
________________
17．show
people
how
to
give
first
aid
________________
做……工作
做急救
从……开始
首先
一步步地
从前
担忧
匆匆赶往医院
有很创新的思维
告诉人们如何提供急救
1．Despite
the
difficult
situation，Dr
Bethune
did
________
he
could
to
assist
the
Chinese
people.(宾语从句)
2．After
Dr
Bethune's
death，Chairman
Mao
Zedong
wrote
an
article
in
memory
of
him,
in
________
he
praised
Dr
Bethune
as
a
hero
to
be
remembered
in
China.(介词＋关系代词)
3．Returning
from
the
North
Pole，the
traveller
wrote
a
book
about
his
experience
and
had
it
________
(publish)
the
following
year.(have
sth.done)
【答案】1.whatever 2.which 3.published
动词－ing形式作状语和补语
1．During
the
operation,
she
sat
in
the
waiting
room
for
even
an
hour
________
(worry)
about
him.
2．I
saw
her
whispering
something
into
his
ear,
obviously
not
________
(want)
to
be
heard.
【答案】1.worrying 2.wanting
课堂新知讲练
1．operation
n．手术；企业；经营
(P18)During
the
operation，she
sat
in
the
waiting
room
for
over
an
hour
worrying
about
him.
【翻译】手术期间，她在候诊室里坐了一个多小时，为他担心。
(1)perform
an
operation
(on
sb.)
(给某人)做手术
in
operation
工作中；有效
put
sth.into
operation
实施
safe
operation
安全操作
【用法详解】
(2)operate
vi.运转；运行；动手术 vt.操作
operate
on…给……做手术
(3)operator
n．操作员；经营者
(4)operating
adj.操作的；外科手术的
Solar
panels
can
only
operate
in
sunlight.
太阳能电池板只能在日光下起作用。
The
operation
on
the
old
man
will
be
carried
out
on
schedule.
老人的手术将按期进行。
Regular
servicing
guarantees
the
smooth
operation
of
the
engine.
定期维修可保持发动机的顺畅运转。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)To
our
great
joy,
the
new
machine
is
really
easy
________
(operate)．
(2)With
the
help
of
his
teammates，the
________
(operate)
responded
immediately
to
the
event.
(3)The
nurse
tended
the
boy
so
carefully
that
he
recovered
from
his
heart
________
(operate)
soon.
【答案】(1)to
operate (2)operator (3)operation
2．whisper
vi.&
vt.悄声说；耳语；低语
n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
(P18)I
saw
her
whispering
something
into
his
ear，obviously
not
wanting
to
be
heard.
【翻译】我看见她对着他耳语，显然不想被听到。
(1)whisper
sth.to
sb.把某事悄悄告诉某人
whisper
sth.in
one's
ear
在某人耳旁小声说某事
It
is
whispered
that…有人私下说……
(2)in
a
whisper＝in
a
low
voice
低声地；悄声地
whisper
mode
省电模式
【用法详解】
What
are
you
two
whispering
about
over
there?
你们俩在那里嘀咕什么？
We
spoke
in
whispers/in
a
whisper
for
fear
of
waking
the
baby.
我们轻声谈话，以免吵醒婴儿。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)It
________
(whisper)that
a
new
manager
will
replace
Tom.
(2)In
the
wedding
ceremony，Jack
whispered
________
her
so
that
no
one
else
would
hear.
(3)His
teacher,
Thomas
Whaley,
is
next
to
him,
________
(whisper)
support.
【答案】(1)is
whispered (2)to (3)whispering
3．assist
vt.帮助；
援助
(P18)Despite
the
difficult
situation，Dr
Bethune
did
whatever
he
could
to
assist
the
Chinese
people.
【翻译】尽管环境艰苦，白求恩大夫尽其所能帮助中国人民。
(1)assist
sb.in
doing
sth.帮助某人做某事
assist
sb.with
sth.帮助某人某事；用……帮助某人
(2)assistance
n．帮助；
援助
with
the
assistance
of…在……的帮助下
come
to
one's
assistance
来帮助某人
(3)assistant
n．助手；
助理
【用法详解】
A
team
of
nurses
assisted
the
doctor
in
performing
the
operation.
一组护士协助医生做手术。
I
believe
we
all
can
learn
a
lot
and
gain
great
pleasure
from
assisting
others.
我相信我们可以从帮助他人中学会很多东西，
并获得很多快乐。
I
have
such
a
good
command
of
English
that
I
am
elected
as
assistant
to
my
English
teacher.
我的英语很好，
被选为英语老师的助理。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)It's
very
kind
of
you
to
assist
the
poor
________
money.
(2)Please
feel
free
to
ask
if
I
am
of
further
________
(assist)．
(3)Now
I'm
writing
to
apply
for
a
position
working
as
a
teaching
________
(assist)．
【答案】(1)with (2)assistance (3)assistant
4．pass
away去世,停止；渡过；消失
(P18)Sadly，Dr
Bethune
passed
away
in
November
the
following
year
and
was
buried
in
Shijiazhuang.
【翻译】不幸的是，白求恩大夫于第二年11月去世，埋葬在石家庄。
pass
by
经过
pass…on
to
把……传递给
pass
down
流传；世代相传
pass
through
通过；穿过
pass
off
as
装作；假装
pass
the
driving
test
通过驾照考试
pass
sth.to
sb.把某物传给某人
【用法详解】
There
are
some
ancient
civilizations
that
have
passed
away.
有些文明已经不复存在。
She
said
she'd
passed
the
message
on
to
my
colleagues.
她说她已经把信息传给了我的同事。
We
were
passing
by,
so
we
thought
we'd
come
and
say
hello.
我们路过此地，所以想来问候一声。
※【拓展提升】
“死”的委婉表达还有：depart,
expire,
perish,
sleep
the
final
sleep，breathe
one's
last。
【针对练习】
用适当的介词或副词填空
(1)Alice
was
very
sorry
to
hear
that
her
grandmother
had
passed
________
two
days
before.
(2)Valuable
things
that
can
be
passed
________
have
something
in
common.
(3)On
such
an
occasion，the
torch
will
be
passed
from
one
person
________
to
another.
【答案】(1)away (2)down (3)on
5．in
memory
of…
作为对……的纪念
(P18)After
Dr
Bethune's
death，Chairman
Mao
Zedong
wrote
an
article
in
memory
of
him…
【翻译】白求恩大夫去世后，毛泽东主席写了一篇文章来纪念他……
(1)memory
n.
记忆；记忆力；内存；回忆
have
a
good/bad(poor)memory(for)
记忆力好/差
memory
loss
失忆
painful/sweet
memories
痛苦/
甜蜜的回忆
【短语延伸】
(2)“in＋n.＋of”结构
in
honour
of
为了纪念；为了表示敬意
in
case
of
万一；如果发生；假设
in
celebration
of
庆祝
in
charge
of
负责；管理
in
favour
of
赞成；主张
in
need
of
需要；缺少
in
search
of
寻找
in
support
of
支持
in
praise
of
赞扬
He
was
losing
his
memory.
他逐渐失去了记忆。
No
memory
is
more
painful
than
that
of
my
primary
school.
我小学的记忆最为痛苦了。
She
has
an
excellent
memory
for
names，which
helps
her
a
lot
in
her
commercial
work.
她能很好记住人名，这对她的业务工作有很大帮助。
【针对练习】
用“in＋n.＋of”的相关短语填空
(1)There
will
be
a
party
________________
their
fiftieth
wedding
anniversary.
(2)He
operates
three
companies,
and
his
brother
is
________________
one
of
them.
(3)The
library
was
built
________________
those
who
carried
our
country
through
the
hardship.
(4)Most
of
us
were
________________
Tom's
suggestion
and
entrusted
him
to
make
a
plan.
(5)Many
Chinese
universities
provide
scholarships
for
students
________________
financial
aid.
(6)The
boy
looked
about
as
if
________________
something
important.
【答案】(1)in
celebration
of (2)in
charge
of
(3)in
memory/honour
of (4)in
favour
of
(5)in
need
of (6)in
search
of
(P18)Despite
the
difficult
situation，Dr
Bethune
did
whatever
he
could
to
assist
the
Chinese
people.
【翻译】尽管环境艰苦，但白求恩大夫还是尽其所能帮助了中国人民。
【考点提炼】whatever
he
could
是whatever引导的宾语从句，to
后面是did的目的状语。
【归纳拓展】
whatever还可以引导让步状语从句，相当于no
matter
what。whichever,
whoever,
whomever,
however,
whenever,
wherever
等既可以引导名词性从句，
又可以引导让步状语从句。
You
must
come
whenever
you
want
and
have
whatever
you
like.
您只要想来随时欢迎，您想吃什么尽管吃。
Whatever
happens
in
the
future，the
sweet
memories
will
never
fade
away.
无论将来发生什么，美好的记忆永远不会消失。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)We
will
do
________
________
________
to
add
some
new
features
to
this
running
machine.
我们将竭尽所能为这台正在运行的机器添加一些新功能。
【答案】whatever
we
can
(2)The
gold
medal
will
be
awarded
to
________
________
________
________.
无论谁得了第一名，金牌将授予他(她)。
【答案】whoever
wins
first
prize
突
破
语
法
□观察领悟
【例句观察】
①The
new
People's
Republic
of
China
saw
Dr
Lin
Qiaozhi
playing
a
key
role.
②Thinking
of
all
the
people
still
in
need
of
help，Dr
Lin
opened
a
private
clinic.
③Though
Lin
Qiaozhi
never
married，she
was
known
as
the
“mother
of
ten
thousand
babies”，having
delivered
over
50,000
babies
in
her
lifetime.
【我的领悟】
1．句①中的playing在句中做
________；
2．句②中的Thinking
在句中做________；
3．句③中的having
delivered在句中做________，having
done属于
________
式。
Keys:
1.宾语补足语 2.状语 3.状语，完成
□动词－ing形式(2)
——动词－ing形式做状语和补语
一、动词－ing形式做状语
动词－ing形式做状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明等。该用法也是历年高考中对非谓语动词考查最频繁的内容。
1．表示时间
动词－ing形式做时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。
Speaking
of
all
the
books
she
has
written，I
think
this
is
probably
the
best－known
one.
谈到她所写的所有书，我认为这可能是最出名的一本。(＝When
I
speak
of…)
2．表示原因
表示原因的动词－ing形式一般置于句首，相当于一个原因状语从句。
Having
lived
in
Jinan
for
years，I
almost
know
every
place
quite
well.
在济南住过多年，我几乎对每个地方都很熟悉。(＝Because
I
have
lived…)
Not
realizing
that
he
was
in
great
danger，Eric
walked
deeper
into
the
forest.
由于没有意识到身处险境，埃里克一步步向森林深处走去。(＝Since
he
did
not
realize
that…)
3．表示结果
动词－ing形式做状语表示结果，可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句。
China
has
a
population
of
1.4
billion，making
it
the
largest
country
in
the
world
by
population.
中国有14亿人口，这使得它成了世界上人口最多的国家。(＝…and
makes
it…)
4．表示条件
动词－ing形式做条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。
Opening
the
window，you
will
see
the
garden
below.
打开窗户，你就能看见下面的花园。(＝If
you
open
the
window…)
5．表示让步
动词－ing形式做让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句。
Admitting
what
you
say，I
still
think
you
are
wrong.
虽然我承认你所说的话，但我仍然认为你错了。(＝Though
I
admit
what
you
say…)
6．表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明
动词－ing形式表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，常放在句末，可以扩展成一个并列成分。
He
was
walking
along
the
street，looking
this
way
and
that.他左顾右盼地在街上走着。
(＝…and
looking
this
way
and
that)
Some
girls
sat
there
laughing
and
chatting.
几个女孩在那边坐着，又说又笑。
(＝…and
laughed
and
chatted)
He
was
busy
writing
a
story，only
stopping
once
in
a
while
to
smoke
a
cigarette.
他正忙于写故事，只是偶尔停下来抽根烟。(＝…and
only
stopped…)
7．修饰形容词
有少数动词－ing形式常放在某些形容词前面，起副词的作用，意思是“极”或“非常”，表示其程度或状态。
It
was
freezing/biting
cold
that
day.那天天气很冷。
The
weather
has
been
burning/steaming
hot
this
week.这周的天气极热。
8．动词－ing形式作插入语
动词－ing形式可在句中作独立成分，表明说话人的态度。
Properly
speaking，a
whale
is
not
a
fish.
准确地说，鲸并非鱼类。
Generally
speaking，Chinese
prefer
tea
to
coffee.
一般说来，中国人爱喝茶而不爱喝咖啡。
Judging
from
this
fact，he
must
be
an
honest
man.
从这一事实判断，他必是一个诚实的人。
※【拓展提升】
1．非谓语动词做状语时，
如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致，
动词－ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语，
通常由名词或代词来担任，
这就是独立主格结构。
The
last
bus
having
gone,
we
had
to
walk
home.
末班车已经开走了，
我们不得不走回家。(having
gone的逻辑主语是the
last
bus,
而不是we)
Weather
permitting,
the
football
match
will
be
played
on
Friday.天气允许的话，
足球赛将在周五举行。(permitting的逻辑主语是weather,
而不是the
football
match)
2．现在分词做状语的完成式形式为having
done，表示有时间先后顺序，现在分词作状语时，如需要表示否定，直接在doing前加上not。
Having
finished
homework,
he
went
out
to
play
basketball.
做完了作业，他出去打篮球了。
Not
knowing
his
address,
I
can't
send
this
book
to
him.
因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。
二、动词－ing形式作补语
动词－ing形式做补语，主要是宾语补足语时，和宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，强调动作在进行，常用在catch，feel，find，have，hear，keep，set，observe，see，watch等动词后。
On
my
way
home,
I
saw
a
dog
running
down
the
street.
在我回家的路上，我看到一只狗沿着街跑。
The
man
was
fired
because
he
had
been
found
smoking
in
the
kitchen.
那个人被解雇了，因为他被发现在厨房里吸烟。
Let's
hurry
up.Don't
keep
them
waiting.
咱们快一点，不要让他们等了。
※【拓展提升】
在see，watch，hear，observe，look
at，notice，feel等动词后，如果表示经常性的或已经完成的动作，要用不带to的不定式。
I
saw
him
break
into
the
house.
我看见他闯入了那幢房子。
We
often
hear
her
talk
about
you.
我们经常听到她谈论你。
□追踪练习
Ⅰ.指出句中画线部分是哪类非谓语动词，做何成分
1.
Being
busy,
he
didn't
go
to
the
concert
yesterday.
非谓语动词种类：
____________
所充当的句子成分：
______________
【答案】现在分词；原因状语
2．The
fire
lasted
nearly
a
month,
leaving
nothing
valuable.
非谓语动词种类：
____________
所充当的句子成分：
______________
【答案】现在分词；结果状语
3.
Seeing
the
performance，she
nodded
from
time
to
time.
非谓语动词种类：
____________
所充当的句子成分：
______________
【答案】现在分词；时间状语
4．When
I
turned
around，I
saw
him
approaching
me
with
his
walking
stick.
(1)approaching非谓语动词种类：
____________
所充当的句子成分：
______________
(2)walking非谓语动词种类：
____________
所充当的句子成分：
______________
【答案】(1)现在分词；宾语补足语 (2)动名词；定语
5．The
lady
blamed
the
naughty
boy
caught
picking
flowers
in
her
garden
and
let
him
off.
非谓语动词种类：
____________
所充当的句子成分：
______________
【答案】现在分词；宾语补足语
6．Making
the
right
decision
concerning
the
future
is
probably
the
most
important
thing
we
will
ever
do
in
our
life.
非谓语动词种类：
____________
所充当的句子成分：
______________
【答案】现在分词；后置定语
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.
________
(turn)
to
the
right，you
will
find
the
house
you
are
looking
for.
2．________
(admire)
Chinese
paintings，Sally
has
come
to
China
to
learn
how
to
paint.
3．A
Mexican
farmer
was
surprised
to
see
smoke
________
(rise)
from
a
small
part
of
his
land.
4．The
computer
has
been
out
of
order
for
days
but
she
can't
spare
time
to
have
it
________
(repair)．
5．Many
teachers
keep
parents
________
(inform)of
children'
s
performance
in
the
kindergarten
by
sharing
videos
on
WeChat.
【答案】1.Turning 2.Admiring 3.rising 4.repaired
5．informed
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The
number
of
road
________
(事故)has
increased
over
the
past
year.
2．Doctors
performed
an
emergency
________
(手术)on
the
injured
worker
last
night.
3．The
airport
and
seaport
are
important
to
________
(进口)
and
export
portable
goods.
4．He
is
a
friendly
person
and
usually
________
(帮助)his
colleagues
with
lots
of
things.
5．When
we
visited
my
old
family
home,
________
(记忆)
came
flooding
back.
6．It
was
not
until
________
(午夜)
that
they
reached
the
foot
of
the
hill.
7．Every
year，India
________
(出口)
a
lot
of
tea
and
cotton
to
many
different
countries.
【答案】1.accidents 2.operation 3.import 4.assists
5．memories 6.midnight 7.exports
Ⅱ.短语填空
step
by
step，
make
a
difference，
in
a
whisper，
in
memory
of，
at
midnight，
pass
away
1．Two
years
later，she
set
up
an
educational
fund
________________
her
mother.
2．I
wanted
to
________________
in
the
world，but
I
had
no
idea
how
to
do
that.
3．The
business
should
be
conducted
________________，slowly
and
surely.
4．________________
he
woke
up
and
listened
to
the
radio
for
a
few
minutes.
5．Mr.Brown，my
former
English
teacher,
______________
at
the
age
of
88.
6．She
told
me
________________
the
news
that
she
would
set
off
for
Australia.
【答案】1.in
memory
of 2.make
a
difference
3.step
by
step 4.At
midnight 5.passed
away
6.in
a
whisper
Ⅲ.请根据下面汉语提示写一篇小短文
1．在回家的路上，
我们看到一根大树枝躺在马路上。(动词－ing形式做宾语补足语)
2．考虑到它会带来麻烦，
我们决定把它移走。(动词－ing形式分词做原因状语)
3．在一些过路人的帮助之下，我们成功地把它移到一边。(with的复合结构)
4．看到我们的所作所为，
人们为我们热烈鼓掌。(动词－ing形式做时间状语)
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________(共58张PPT)
UNIT
2 MORALS
AND
VIRTUES
Period
Four Reading
for
Writing—Video
Time
课前自主预习
序号
重点词汇
音标
词性
英译汉
词义
汉译英
1
tear
/'t??(r)/
n.
眼泪；泪水
2
harm
/hɑ?m/
n.&
vt.
伤害；损害
3
court
/k??t/
n.
(网球等的)球场；法院；法庭
序号
重点词汇
音标
词性
英译汉
词义
汉译英
4
flexible
/'fleks?bl/
adj.
灵活的；可变通的
5
income
/'?nk?m/
n.
收入；收益
6
per
/p?(r)/
prep.
每；每一
7
therefore
/'?e?f??(r)/
adv.
因此；所以
8
tension
/'ten?n/
n.
紧张关系；紧张；焦虑
1．______________________
被……绊倒
2．______________________
含着泪水；流着泪
3．______________________
处于绝望中
4．______________________
在石头下面
5．______________________
属于
6．______________________
工作条件
7．__________________________
接收好的健康服务
trip
over…
in
tears
in
despair
under
the
stone
belong
to
working
conditions
receive
good
health
services
8．a
great
deal
(of)
___________________
9．crash
into
___________________
10．pick
oneself
up
___________________
11．make
an
attempt
to
do
sth.
____________________
12．end
up
doing…
___________________
13．with
all
one’s
might
___________________
14．recommend…to…
___________________
大量
撞上
站起来；振作起来
企图做某事
以……结束
用尽所有力气
向……推荐……
15．disguise
oneself
______________________
16．in
the
middle
of
the
main
street
______________________
17．a
danger
to
anyone
______________________
18．give
a
short
description
of…
______________________
伪装自己
在大街的中间
对任何人来说都是一个危险
对……进行简要描述
1．Nothing
good
can
come
to
a
nation
________
people
only
complain
and
expect
others
to
solve
their
problems.(定语从句)
2．After
a
while，a
group
of
women
came
along，each
________
(balance)
a
pot
of
water
on
her
head.(独立主格结构)
3．Neither
she
________
her
friends
thought
about
moving
the
stone
out
of
the
road.(neither…nor…)
4．She
__________
(work)
all
day
and
was
very
tired.(过去完成进行时)
5．Imagine
her
surprise
when
she
saw
the
gold
coins
________
the
stone
had
been！(地点状语从句)
【答案】1．whose 2．balancing 3．nor 4．had
been
working 5．where
课堂新知讲练
1．harm
n．&vt.伤害；
损害
(P20)Is
there
no
one
in
this
village
who
feels
any
responsibility
to
keep
their
neighbours
from
harm?
【翻译】在这个村子里，难道没有人认为，让邻居们远离伤害是他们的责任吗？
(1)be
of
great
harm
危害极大的
do
harm
to
sb./sth.(＝do
sb./sth.
harm) 对某人/
某物有害
do
harm
有害处；不利
come
to
harm
遭受不幸；受到损害
mean
no
harm
没有恶意
There
is
no
harm
in
(one’s)
doing
sth.＝There
is
no
harm
(for
sb.)
to
do
sth. (某人)做某事无妨/无害。
【用法详解】
(2)harm
ab.
/sth.
伤害某人/某物
(3)harmful
adj.
有害的
(4)harmless
adj.
无害的
It
wouldn’t
do
him
any
harm
to
work
a
bit
harder.
工作努力点对他没什么害处。
It
is
generally
accepted
that
smoking
is
harmful
to
our
health.
吸烟有害健康，这是大家公认的。
There
was
a
traffic
accident
in
this
street，but
no
one
was
harmed.
这街上发生了交通事故，但没有人受伤。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Some
drivers’
behaviors
________
(harm)the
safety
of
others
and
themselves.
(2)The
polluted
water
does
harm
________
people
as
well
as
other
living
things.
(3)Staying
up
too
often
will
be
________
great
harm
to
people’s
health.
【答案】(1)harm (2)to (3)of
2．a
great
deal
(of)
大量
(P20)After
a
great
deal
of
effort，she
finally
succeeded
in
moving
it
to
the
side
of
the
street.
【翻译】经过很大的努力，她最终成功地把这块石头移到了街道的一边。
(1)a
great
deal
of意为“大量的；很多；非常的”，后接不可数名词。
(2)the
number
of＋可数名词的复数形式＋谓语动词的单数形式
a
great
deal
of/a
large
amount
of＋不可数名词＋谓语动词的单数形式
【短语延伸】
plenty
of/a
large
quantity
of＋不可数名词/名词复数(谓语动词要跟of后名词的数一致)
large
quantities
of
＋不可数名词/名词复数＋谓语动词的复数形式
many
a(n)/more
than
one＋可数名词的单数形式＋谓语动词的单数形式
(3)a
great/large
number
of/a
good
many/quite
a
few
＋可数名词的复数形式＋谓语动词的复数形式
Quantities
of
food
(nuts)
were
on
the
table.
桌子上有许多食品(坚果)。
A
large
quantity
of
beer
was
sold
out.
大量的啤酒被售出。
A
large
quantity
of
blouses
were
on
sale.
大量罩衫有售。
Many
a
student
has
been
sent
to
plant
trees.
很多学生被派去植树。
A
good
many
songs
are
not
always
limited
to
the
meaning
of
love.
很多歌曲的意义并不总是局限于爱情。
A
number
of
students
have
been
sent
to
help
harvest
rice
on
the
farm.
一些学生被派去农场帮助收割水稻。
【针对练习】
翻译句子
(1)需要很多的勇气才能去公开场合做演讲。(deal)
________________________________________________
【答案】It
took
a
great
deal
of
courage
to
deliver
a
speech
in
public.
单句语法填空
(2)A
quantity
of
work
____________
(do)
to
improve
our
living
environment
so
far.
(3)Many
a
student
________
(send)
to
take
part
in
the
activity
last
week.
【答案】(2)has
been
done (3)was
sent
1．(P20)After
a
while，a
group
of
women
came
along，each
balancing
a
pot
of
water
on
her
head.
【翻译】过了一会儿，来了一群妇女，每人头上顶着一壶水。
【考点提炼】句中的each
balancing
a
pot
of
water
on
her
head
是“代词＋v.－ing”构成的独立主格结构。其中each
是逻辑主语，即动作的发出者。
【归纳拓展】
(1)独立主格的构成：名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语。
作用：在句中充当时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随状语。
特点：逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，一般用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。
※(2)“there＋being”结构：
这种结构多放在句首，常表示原因，其中being
不可省略。
There
being
no
bus,
we
had
to
walk
home.
由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。
Computers
very
small,
we
can
use
them
widely.
电脑虽小，我们却能广泛地利用它们。
The
lights
off,
we
could
not
go
on
with
the
work.
灯熄了，我们不能继续工作了。
He
was
listening
attentively
in
class,
his
eyes
fixed
on
the
blackboard.
他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。
Many
trees,
flowers,
and
grass
to
be
planted,
our
newly－built
school
will
look
even
more
beautiful.
种上许多的树、花和草后，我们新建的学校看上去将更美。
Every
afternoon
a
very
old
woman
hobbled
past
the
old
house，a
vast
load
of
firewood
on
her
back.
每天下午，一个背着一大背柴禾的老妇人都会从那间破旧的房屋前蹒跚着走过。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Time
________
(permit)，I’ll
assist
you
cleaning
the
kitchen.
(2)It
________
(be)hot，many
people
sit
in
the
shade
of
the
maple.
(3)Lots
of
work
________
(do)，I
have
no
time
to
dance.
(4)Tom
________
(appoint)as
captain，we
went
to
congratulate
him.
【答案】(1)permitting (2)being (3)to
do (4)appointed
2．(P20)Neither
she
nor
her
friends
thought
about
moving
the
stone
out
of
the
road.
【翻译】她和朋友都没有想过把石头从路上移开。
【考点提炼】neither…nor…表示“既不……，也不……”，其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成分。
【归纳拓展】
当neither…nor…连接两个主语时，句中的谓语动词应遵循“就近原则”。类似“就近一致”的结构还有：
either…or…；not
only…but
also…；not…but…；there
be…
She
likes
neither
butter
nor
cheese.
她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢奶酪。
My
brother
can
neither
speak
English
nor
write
in
it.
我弟弟既不会说英语，也不会用英语写作。
Neither
the
sisters
nor
Tom
likes
to
play
the
violin.
姐妹们和汤姆都不喜欢拉小提琴。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Neither
he
nor
I
________
(be)to
this
chain
store
before.
完成句子
(2)In
my
opinion，this
kind
of
method
is
_____________
___________
(既不灵活也没有效率)。
【答案】(1)have
been (2)neither
flexible
nor
effective
写作高效提升
◎话题佳句
【引人入胜的开头句】
1．It
goes
without
saying
that
the
movie
is
well
worth
watching.
毫无疑问，这部电影很值得一看。
2．This
is
a
novel
written
by
a
famous
writer
called…
这是一部由著名作家……写的小说。
3．The
fable，which
tells
us…，really
has
a
great
effect
on
me.
这个寓言讲述了……，对我有很大的影响。
【精彩纷呈的篇中句】
4．It
is
recognised
that
kindness
and
diligence
are
both
traditional
virtues
of
Chinese
people.
公认的是，
善良和勤劳是中国人民的传统美德。
5．It
tells
us
a
principle
that
we
should
strengthen
people’s
awareness
of
social
responsibility.
它告诉我们一个道理：我们应该增强人们的社会责任意识。
【回味无穷的结尾句】
6．What
we
can
learn
from
this
fable
is
that
we
are
supposed
to…
从这个寓言我们可以学到的是我们应该……
7．I
strongly
hope
that
you
can
have
a
try
and
it
won’t
fail
to
satisfy
you.
我强烈希望你能试一试(读一读),
它不会让你失望。
◎写作范例
【写作任务】
假设你是李华，
你打算向你的外国朋友Eric推荐一部看过的中文电影《流浪地球》。要点如下：
1．观影时间和地点；
2．电影亮点(科幻电影、保护地球……)；
3．推荐观影。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，
以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：
科幻电影
science
fiction
film 《流浪地球》
The
Wandering
Earth
【写作指导】
主题
给朋友推荐一部电影
体裁
应用文
人称
第一、第二人称
时态
一般现在时
布局
第一段：写出自己观影的时间和地点；
第二段：推荐的亮点；
第三段：建议观影。
【遣词造句】
(1)
__________
推荐
(2)
__________
回应；反应
(3)
__________
共同的
(4)
__________
使……失望
(5)
__________
被认为是……
(6)
__________
对……印象深刻
(7)
__________
不遗余力
(8)
__________
尝试一下
Keys：
(1)recommend (2)respond (3)common (4)disappoint (5)be
regarded
as (6)be
impressed
with (7)spare
no
effort (8)have
a
try
【完成句子】
(1)I
saw
the
film
at
the
________
________
last
weekend.
我上周末在本地剧院看了这部电影。
(2)The
film
________
________
________
the
best
science
fiction
film
in
Chinese
film
history.
这部电影被认为是中国电影史上最好的科幻片。
(3)I
was
deeply
________
________
the
film.
这部电影给我留下了深刻印象。
(4)People
around
the
world
________
________
to
protect
our
own
earth.
世界各地的人积极响应保护我们自己的地球。
(5)We
should
spare
no
effort
________
________
________
.
我们应该不遗余力保护它。
(6)I
strongly
hope
you
can
have
a
try
and
the
film
will
________
________
________.
我强烈希望你看看这部电影，
它不会让你失望。
Keys：
(1)local
theater (2)is
regarded
as (3)impressed
with
(4)respond
actively (5)to
protect
it
(6)never
disappoint
you
【句式升级】
(7)用非限制性定语从句提升(1)(2)。
_________________________________________________
(8)用“介词＋关系代词”升级(3)(4)。
_________________________________________________
(9)在句(5)前面加上适当的现在分词短语作状语。
_________________________________________________
Keys：
(7)I
saw
the
film
at
the
local
theatre
last
year，which
is
regarded
as
the
best
science
fiction
film
in
Chinese
film
history.
(8)I
was
deeply
impressed
with
the
film
in
which
people
around
the
world
respond
actively
to
protect
the
earth.
(9)Thinking
of
the
fact
that
the
earth
is
our
common
home,
we
should
spare
no
effort
to
protect
it.
【连句成篇】
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I
saw
the
film
at
the
local
theatre
last
year，which
is
regarded
as
the
best
science
fiction
film
in
Chinese
film
history.And
I
was
deeply
impressed
with
the
film
in
which
people
around
the
world
respond
actively
to
protect
the
earth.Thinking
of
the
fact
that
the
earth
is
our
common
home,
we
should
spare
no
effort
to
protect
it.
I
strongly
hope
you
can
have
a
try
and
the
film
will
never
disappoint
you!
Yours，
Li
Hua
◎写作练笔
假设你是高一学生李华，你的外国朋友Tom的中文取得很大的进步，且对中国文学有着深厚的兴趣，他想买一本书，请你写一封email，向他推荐一本书，并写出推荐的理由。
内容包括：
1．推荐的书名；
2．推荐这本书的三个主要原因；
3．重申这本书的优点。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
I
have
three
major
reasons
for
the
recommendation.To
start
with,
it’s
really
an
interesting
book,
telling
many
adventurous
stories.In
addition,
we
still
can
learn
something
from
this
book.We
should
be
brave
and
confident
in
ourselves,
no
matter
how
many
difficulties
we
meet.We
should
rely
on
each
other.Last
but
not
least,
the
book
is
one
of
the
greatest
masterpieces
in
China.It
is
well
worth
reading.
To
sum
up,
it
is
the
writer’s
great
imagination
that
has
created
us
a
wonderful
ancient
world
full
of
adventures.This
book
gives
you
the
chance
to
know
some
ancient
tales
of
China.
Yours，
Li
Hua (共21张PPT)
Section
Ⅰ Listening
and
Speaking
词汇认知
汉译英
1. virtue
n.高尚的道德;美德;优秀品质?
2. dilemma
n.进退两难的境地;困境?
3. moral
dilemma
道德困境?
词汇拓展
4.moral
adj.道德的;道义上的 n.品行;道德;寓意→ morally
adv.道德上;有道德地;确实地→ immoral
adj.不道德的;邪恶的?
5.faint
vi.昏倒;晕厥 adj.不清楚的;微弱的→ faintly
adv.微弱地;模糊地;虚弱地?
词汇精讲
1.【教材原文】A
moral
dilemma
is
a
situation
in
which
you
have
two
or
more
difficult
choices
to
make.(Page
14)
道德困境是指你有两个或两个以上的困难选择的境地。
考点
moral
adj.道德的;道义上的;精神上的;品行端正的 n.品行;道德;寓意
moral
dilemma
道德困境
moral
sense
道德感
moral
values
道德价值
moral
responsibility
道义上的责任
moral
behaviour
有道德的行为
moral
character
道德品质
语境领悟
(1)The
moral
of
this
story
is
that
honesty
is
always
the
best
policy.
这个故事的寓意是诚实总是上策。
(2)The
issue
raises
a
moral
dilemma.
这个问题引发了一个道德上的两难抉择。
(3)The
moral
sense
of
the
books
becomes
confused
in
the
film.
书中的道德观念在这部电影中显得令人困惑。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)Lying
and
stealing
are
considered
immoral (moral)
conducts
in
every
human
society.?
(2)He
felt
morally (moral)
responsible
for
the
accident.?
2.【教材原文】Have
you
ever
faced
a
moral
dilemma
or
heard
of
someone
who
did?Describe
it.(Page
14)
你曾经面临过道德困境或听说过这样做的人吗?把它描述一下。
考点
dilemma
n.困境;进退两难的境地
in
a
dilemma
进退两难;左右为难
a
moral
dilemma
道德上的左右为难;道德两难处境
face
a
dilemma
面临困境
dilemma指进退两难、难以抉择的境地;difficulty指遇到困难的情况;trouble指可能招致批评或惩罚的困难或危险的处境。
语境领悟
(1)She
describes
her
own
moral
dilemma
in
making
the
film.
她讲述了拍摄这部电影过程中她在道义上所面临的两难选择。
(2)She
was
in
a
dilemma
whether
to
stay
at
school
or
get
a
job.
是继续求学还是找工作,她感到难以决定。
(3)The
fact
is,we
face
a
real
dilemma.We
need
to
educate
people
in
a
better
way
without
increasing
cost.
实际上,我们有一个很现实的难题。我们需要在不增加花费的基础上,以一种更好的方式使人接受教育。
(4)The
government
has
decided
to
provide
help
to
companies
with
financial
difficulties.
政府决定给经济上遇到困难的公司提供帮助。
(5)A
small
boat
got
into
trouble
off
the
coast
of
Africa.
一艘小船在非洲沿海遇险。
学以致用
选词填空(dilemma/difficulty/trouble)
(1)His
friend’s
business
has
faced
difficulties
with
debt.?
(2)She
helped
him
out
of
trouble
in
time.?
(3)She
is
faced
with
the
dilemma
of
choosing
between
marriage
and
studying
abroad.?
句型剖析
【教材原文】Did
you
hear
that
James
helped
an
old
woman
who
fell
down
while
crossing
the
street?(Page
15)
你听说詹姆斯帮助一个过街时跌倒的老太太了吗?
句法分析
句中while为连词,引导时间状语从句,句中省略了she
was,其完整形式为while
she
was
crossing
the
street,表示的动作与主句谓语动词的动作同时发生。
状语从句的省略:
当连词while,when,until,if,unless,though引导时间、条件、让步等状语从句的主语为it,或者与主句的主语一致,并且从句的谓语含有be
(连系动词be,进行时态的be和被动语态的be)时,从句的主语和be经常一起省略。
语境领悟
(1)When
(she
was)
walking
in
the
street,she
heard
of
something
about
her
friend.
她在街上走时,听说了关于她朋友的一些事情。
(2)If
(you
are)
asked
to
look
after
luggage
for
someone
else,inform
the
police
at
once.
如果有人让你照看行李,要立刻通知警察。
(3)If
(it
is)
necessary,ring
me
at
home.
必要时可打电话到我家找我。
(4)Jerry
opened
his
mouth
as
if
(he
were)
to
say
something.
杰瑞张了张嘴,似乎要说什么。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)While
(I
was)
waiting (wait),I
was
reading
some
magazines.?
(2)When
(it
is)
heated (heat),ice
can
be
changed
into
water.?
(3)I
won’t
go
to
her
party
even
if
(I
am)
invited (invite).?
发音提示
语调
英语朗读时语调来自音调的变化,以降调和升调为两种基本语调。降调一般用于陈述,命令,表达“完整”“肯定”的含义;升调用于提问等,表达“不肯定”“礼貌”“委婉”的含义。句子表达的意思不完整,所要表达的内容未结束。
朗读时,如果句子的第一个音节是重读音节,那么第一个音节的音调为全句最高,然后依次降低,最后一个重读音节的音调上升。如果最后一个重读音节后面还有非重读音节,它们的音调依次上升。如果句子以非重读音节开头,其音调平稳、低沉,第一个重读音节的音调最高,然后依次降低,句末用升调。
以下八种情况一般用升调:
(1)一般疑问句:Do
you
like?English?Are
you
from?China?
(2)反意疑问句:You
can
speak
English,?can’t
you?This
is
your
computer,?isn’t
it?
(3)选择疑问句的第一部分:Do
you
like
?English
or
French?Are
you
going
to
leave
?today
or
tomorrow?
(4)句首状语:If
it’s
fine
on
the
?weekend,he
will
go
to
climb
the
mountains.
(5)列举人和事物时:She
likes
fruit,such
as
?apple,?
pear,?banana,and
orange.
(6)祈使句表示请求时:Come
and
see
me?
again.Don’t
stay
up
too
late.
(7)陈述句加问号时,表示听者想确认对方所讲的内容:
You
are
a
?student?It’s
a
fine
?day?
(8)有时问候和警告时用升调:Good
?morning.Mind
your
?head.(共73张PPT)
Section
Ⅱ Reading
and
Thinking
词汇认知
汉译英
1. precious
adj.珍稀的;宝贵的?
2. tuition
n.(小组)
教学;讲课?
3. fee
n.专业服务费;报酬?
4. union
n.协会;联合会;工会?
5. hire
vt.聘任;雇用;租用 n.租借;租用?
6. colleague
n.同事;同僚?
7. clinic
n.诊所;门诊部?
8. faraway
adj.遥远的?
9. decade
n.十年;十年期?
10. elsewhere
adv.在别处;去别处?
11. tend
vt.照顾;照料 vi.倾向;趋于?
12. stuff
n.员工;全体职员?
13. saving
n.节省物;节省;节约 [pl.]
储蓄金;存款?
14. kindergarten
n.学前班;幼儿园?
15. principle
n.道德原则;法则;原则?
16. passive
adj.被动的;顺从的?
17. sharp
adj.(增长、下跌等)
急剧的;锋利的;明显的?
18. tuition
fees
学费?
19. carry
sb
through
sth
帮助某人渡过难关?
20. tend
to
do
sth
易于做某事;往往会发生某事?
词汇拓展
21.illustrate
vt.(举例)
说明;阐明;给(书或文章)
加插图→
illustration
n.说明;插图;例证→ illustrated
adj.有插图的?
22.entrust
vt.委托;交付→ trust
n.信任;信赖?
23.marriage
n.结婚;婚姻→ marry
vt.嫁;娶;与……结婚→ married
adj.已婚的;有配偶的;婚姻的?
24.majority
n.大部分;大多数→ major
adj.
主要的;重要的?
plain
vi.&
vt.抱怨;发牢骚→ complaint
n.抱怨;诉苦?
26.respond
vt.回答;回复
vi.做出反应;回应→ response
n.反应;回答;回复?
27.scholarship
n.奖学金→ scholar
n.学者;奖学金获得者?
28.physician
n.医师;(尤指)内科医生→ physical
adj.物理的;身体的→ physically
adv.身体上;肉体上?
29.reject
vt.拒绝接受;不录用→ rejection
n.拒绝接受;否决→ rejected
adj.被拒的;不合格的?
30.appoint
vt.任命;委派→ appointment
n.任命;约定;任命的职位→ appointed
adj.约定的,指定的?
31.elect
vt.选举;推选→ election
n.选举;推选;当选?
32.publish
vt.发表(作品);出版→ public
adj.公众的;政府的→ publication
n.出版;出版物;发表?
33.retire
vi.&
vt.退休;退职;退出→ retirement
n.退休;退役→ retired
adj.退休的;退役的?
34.scared
adj.害怕的;对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→ scare
vt.惊吓;使害怕 vi.受惊吓?
35.insurance
n.保险;保险业→ insure
vt.确保;保证?
36.energetic
adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的→ energy
n.能量;精力;活力?
37.replace
vt.接替;取代;更换→ replacement
n.更换;替换?
阅读自测
Step
1 Fast
Reading
一、阅读课文,将段落与其主旨大意相匹配
Para.1
a.Although
she
never
married,Lin
was
known
as
the
“mother
of
ten
thousand
babies”.
Para.2
b.Although
she
held
important
positions,Lin
was
more
responsible
for
the
patients.
Para.3
c.The
principle
of
Dr
Lin
Qiaozhi
helped
her
make
hard
choices.
Para.4
d.When
young,Lin
chose
to
study
instead
of
getting
married.
Para.5
e.Lin
chose
to
return
to
her
homeland
instead
of
staying
in
the
US.
答案:Para.1—c Para.2—d Para.3—e Para.4—b Para.5—a
Step
2 Detailed
Reading
二、仔细阅读课文,选择最佳答案
1.When
Lin
was
18
years
old, D .?
A.it
was
common
for
girls
to
stay
single
to
study
B.her
brother
supported
her
to
carry
on
with
her
career
C.finding
a
good
husband
was
her
final
goal
D.she
had
to
pay
high
tuition
fees
to
study
medicine
2.Why
was
the
OB-GYN
department
of
the
PUMC
Hospital
closed? A ?
A.Because
China
was
at
war
at
that
time.
B.Because
she
was
the
first
Chinese
woman
to
be
appointed
of
that
department.
C.Because
her
American
colleagues
invited
her
to
study
in
the
USA.
D.Because
she
wanted
to
open
her
own
private
clinic.
3.How
many
babies
had
Dr
Lin
delivered
in
her
lifetime?
A ?
A.Over
50,000.
B.Not
more
than
50,000.
C.10,000.
D.50,000.
4.What
is
true
about
Lin
Qiaozhi
according
to
the
passage?
C ?
A.When
Lin
graduated
from
PUMC,she
immediately
became
a
chief
resident
physician
in
the
OB-GYN
department.
B.In
her
private
clinic
Lin
treated
patients
free
of
charge.
C.Lin
was
sent
to
study
in
the
US
after
studying
in
Europe.
D.When
she
died,Lin
left
all
her
savings
to
a
kindergarten.
词汇精讲
1.【教材原文】At
age
18,instead
of
following
the
traditional
path
of
marriage
like
the
majority
of
girls,she
chose
to
study
medicine.(Page
16)
18岁时,她没有像大多数女孩一样遵循传统的婚姻道路,而是选择了医学。
考点
majority
n.大部分;大多数;多数党;多数派
the
majority
of
大多数的
by/with
a
majority
of
以大多数……
be
in
a/the
majority
占多数;过半数
major
adj.较大的;较多的;主要的 vi.主修
n.主修课;主修生
major
in...
主修……
语境领悟
(1)Of
the
first
Spanish
to
go
to
California,the
majority
were
religious
men.
在首批移居加州的西班牙人中,大部分是宗教人士。
(2)The
new
president
got
in
with
a
large
majority
of
the
votes.
新任总统以大部分选票当选。
(3)He
majored
in
international
commerce
in
college.
他大学主修国际贸易。
the
majority单独使用做主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数皆可。the
majority
of可以修饰单数名词,也可修饰复数名词。该短语做主语时,谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致。
The
majority
were/was
in
favour
of
the
propose.
大多数人赞成这个建议。
The
majority
of
the
damage
is
easy
to
repair.
这次的损害大部分容易补救。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)The
majority
of
people
are/were (be)
not
satisfied
with
the
newly-passed
law.?
(2)He
won
by/with
a
majority
of
45,000
votes
in
the
election.?
(3)Those
who
are
in
favour
of
the
plan
are
in
a
majority.
单句改错
(4)The
majority
of
doctors
believes
that
smoking
is
harmful
to
people’s
health.
believes→believe ?
2.【教材原文】“Why
should
girls
learn
so
much?Finding
a
good
husband
should
be
their
final
goal!”
her
brother
complained,thinking
of
the
high
tuition
fees.(Page
16)
想到学费很高,她哥哥抱怨说:“为什么女孩要学这么多?找到一个好丈夫应该是他们的最终目标!”
考点
complain
vi.&
vt.抱怨;发牢骚
complain
to
sb
about/of
sth
向某人抱怨某事
complain
against...
申诉;控告
complaint
n.抱怨;诉苦;疾病;委屈
make
a
complaint
to
sb
向某人提出投诉;抱怨
语境领悟
(1)I’m
going
to
complain
to
the
manager
about
this.
我要就这件事向经理投诉。
(2)His
parents
made
a
complaint
to
the
head
teacher.
他的父母向校长提出投诉。
(3)“I
wish
someone
would
do
something
about
it,”
he
complained.“我希望有人能对此做点什么,”他抱怨道。
(4)I
have
to
complain
against
him
because
of
his
rudeness.
我不得不申诉他的粗鲁。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)He
never
complained
about/of
working
overtime
in
the
factory.?
(2)A
lot
of
neighbours
complained
to
the
police
about
the
barking
dogs.?
(3)In
this
book
you
will
find
the
reasons
for
this
common
complaint (complain).?
3.【教材原文】She
responded,“I’d
rather
stay
single
to
study
all
my
life!”(Page
16)
她回答说:“我宁愿单身一辈子学习!”
考点
respond
vi.回答;做出反应;回应;响应;(对治疗等)有良好反应 vt.回答;回复
respond
to
回答;回复;对……做出反应
respond
that...
回答说;答复说
response
n.回答;回应;回复
in
response
to
对……做出反应
answer/reply/respond这些动词均有“回答”之意。
answer是常用词(一方提出问题另一方回答),后可接letter(表示回信),question(表示回答问题),doorbell(表示开门),telephone(表示接电话),advertisement(表示应征广告)等。
reply较正式(用作不及物动词,后面接to),表示回复别人的话语、信件、祝贺、攻击等。
respond正式用语(常与介词to连用),通常指对号召职责、请求、紧急情况等做出反应或回应。另外,respond还可表示“反应;响应”。
语境领悟
(1)They
still
haven’t
responded
to
my
letter.
他们仍没有回复我的信。
(2)He
responded
to
my
suggestion
with
a
laugh.
他用笑声回应了我的建议。
(3)His
illness
didn’t
respond
to
the
treatment
by
drugs.
他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。
(4)My
mother
opened
the
door
in
response
to
the
knock,but
there
was
no
one
outside.
听到敲门声后,我妈妈打开了门,但外面一个人都没有。
学以致用
选词填空(answer/reply/respond)
(1)They
did
not
respond
to
our
new
proposal.?
(2)Do
you
have
any
suggestions
to
us
how
we
should
answer
his
questions??
(3)I
invited
her
to
dinner
but
she
did
not
reply .?
单句改错
(4)The
law
was
finally
passed
in
response
on
public
pressure.
on→to ?
(5)They
are
likely
to
respond
positively
for
the
president’s
request
for
aid.
第一个for→to ?
4.【教材原文】She
immediately
became
the
first
woman
ever
to
be
hired
as
a
resident
physician
in
the
OB-GYN
department
of
the
PUMC
Hospital.(Page
16)
她立刻成为第一个被聘为协和医院妇产科住院医生的女性。
考点
hire
vt.租用;雇用;聘任;租用(物品)n.租借;租用
hire
sth
out
出租某物
hire
(oneself)
out
to
sb
受雇于某人
for/on
hire
出租
hire是日常用语,按工作量计酬的雇用人手或短期租用物品。
employ多指商店或公司长期雇用人手。
rent一般指租借房屋、地产。
语境领悟
(1)After
graduation,he
was
hired
out
to
the
company.
毕业后他受雇于这家公司。
(2)There
are
many
bicycles
on
hire
in
his
area.
这地方有许多有自行车出租。
(3)Why
should
I
hire
you?What
kind
of
experience
do
you
have
for
the
job?
为什么我要聘用你?你有什么与这份工作相关的经验?
学以致用
选词填空(hire/employ/rent)
(1)Our
company
employed
more
than
one
hundred
people
last
year.?
(2)She
was
hired
three
years
ago.?
(3)Who
do
you
rent
the
land
from??
完成句子
(4)他们实在太穷,只得在农场打工。
They
were
so
poor
that
they
had
to
hire
themselves
out
on
the
farms.?
(5)让我们开心的是有三艘小船可供出租。
What
made
us
happy
was
that
there
were
three
small
boats
available
for/on
hire .?
5.【教材原文】In
1941,Dr
Lin
became
the
first
Chinese
woman
ever
to
be
appointed
director
of
the
OB-GYN
department
of
the
PUMC
Hospital,but
just
a
few
months
later,the
department
was
closed
because
of
the
war.(Page
16)
1941年,林医生成为第一个被任命为协和医院妇产科主任的中国女性,但仅仅几个月后,由于战争,妇产科被关闭了。
考点
appoint
vt.任命,委派;约定(时间、地点等)
appoint
sb
as/to
be...
任命某人为……
appoint
sb
to
do
sth委派某人做某事
appoint
sth
(for
sth)(为某事)确定(日期、场所)
appointment
n.约会;约定
make/have
an
appointment
with
sb与某人约会
keep/break
an
appointment
守/违约
appointed
adj.约定了的;规定了的
语境领悟
(1)We
must
appoint
someone
to
act
as
secretary.
我们得指定一个人当秘书。
(2)Who
shall
we
appoint
as
chairman?
我们选派谁担任主席呢?
(3)The
time
appointed
for
the
meeting
was
10:30.
规定开会的时间是10点30分。
(4)I
have
an
appointment
with
my
old
friend
this
Sunday.
我和老朋友在这个星期天见面。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)If
you
want
to
meet
him,you
have
to
make
an
appointment (appoint)
in
advance.?
(2)He
was
appointed
to
look (look)
into
matter.?
(3)Everyone
arrived
at
the
school
gate
at
the
appointed (appoint)
time.?
6.【教材原文】In
1954,she
was
elected
to
the
first
National
People’s
Congress
and,over
the
next
several
decades,she
held
many
important
positions.(Page
17)
1954年,她当选为第一届全国人民代表大会代表,在接下来的几十年里,她担任了许多重要职务。
考点
elect
vt.选举;推选;选择,决定 adj.当选的,被选定的
elect
to
do
sth
决定/选择做某事
elect
sb
to
sth
选某人为……
elect
sb
(to
be/as)+职务
选某人为……
election
n.选举;推选;当选
语境领悟
(1)Students
can
elect
to
complete
them
in
groups
of
three
or
four.
学生们可选择以三至四人小组的方式将它们完成。
(2)Before
we
elect
him
to
president,we
want
to
know
what
he
stands
for.
在选举他为总统之前我们想知道他主张什么。
(3)Let’s
elect
the
student
who
studies
best
as
our
class
monitor.
让我们选学习最好的那个学生当班长。
(4)It’s
impossible
to
tell
who
will
win
the
next
election.
判断谁会赢得下次选举是不可能的。
动词elect表示“选举”时,主要指“选举某人担任某职位”。若所涉及的职位只有一个(即独一无二),则名词前面通常不用冠词。如:
We
elected
him
chairman.
我们选他当主席。
They
elected
Tom
president.
他们选Tom当总统。
学以致用
完成句子
(1)现在越来越多的人选择在家工作。
Increasing
numbers
of
people
elect
to
work
from
home
nowadays.?
(2)女人享有同男人平等的选举权和被选举权。
Like
men,women
have
the
right
to
elect
and
to
be
elected .?
单句改错
(3)Four
years
later,he
was
elected
the
chairman
in
our
school
once
again.
去掉the ?
7.【教材原文】Dr
Lin
did
not
retire
until
the
day
she
died,22
April
1983.(Page
17)
林博士直到1983年4月22日去世才退休。
考点
retire
vi.&
vt.退休;退职;退出
retire
from...
从……退休(役)
retire
as...
从……职位上退休
retired
adj.退休的;退役的
语境领悟
(1)When
he
retired,he
would
be
able
to
look
back
on
his
life
with
satisfaction.
当他退休时他就可以非常满意地回顾他的一生。
(2)After
retiring
from
the
army,he
had
nothing
to
do.
从军队退役后,他无所事事。
(3)He
has
no
plans
to
retire
as
editor
of
the
magazine.
他不打算从此杂志的编辑职位上退休。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)Xiao
Li
was
making
a
pair
of
cotton
trousers
for
a
retired (retire)
worker.?
(2)My
father
retired
from
teaching
three
years
ago.?
(3)That
man
is
to
retire
as
president
next
year.?
8.【教材原文】Many
Americans
complained
about
the
sharp
increase
in
the
cost
of
health
care
and
health
insurance
recently.(Page
17)
最近,许多美国人抱怨医疗保健和医疗保险的费用急剧增加。
考点
sharp
adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的;锋利的;明显的;强烈的;敏捷的 adv.……整(用在表示时间的词后)
have
a
sharp
mind/brain
有敏锐的头脑
have
a
sharp
eye/ear/nose
for...
对……有灵敏的视力/听力/嗅觉
at
six
o’clock
sharp
在6点整
sharpen
vt.使变锋利;使尖锐
sharply
adv.锐利地;严厉地;急剧地
语境领悟
(1)Sophia
has
a
clear
and
sharp
mind.Besides,she
has
a
talent
for
drawing
and
singing.
索菲娅思维清晰且敏捷。此外,她还有画画和唱歌的天赋。
(2)This
knife
needs
sharpening/to
be
sharpened.
这把刀需要磨了。
(3)Tell
him
I’ll
be
there
at
eleven
sharp.
告诉他我十一点整在那儿。
学以致用
写出下列句中sharp的汉语意思
(1)Please
be
here
at
seven
o’clock
sharp. ……整 ?
(2)It
was
very
sharp
of
you
to
have
noticed
that.It
is
only
a
very
small
fault. 敏锐的 ?
(3)After
the
big
storm
there
was
a
sharp
drop
in
temperature. 急剧的 ?
(4)It’s
dangerous
for
a
child
to
hold
a
sharp
knife.
锋利的 ?
9.【教材原文】The
student
union
will
hold
a
special
meeting
in
January
to
elect
someone
to
replace
the
secretary.
(Page
17)
学生会将在一月份举行一次特别会议,选出一个人来代替秘书。
考点
replace
vt.放回,置于原处;接替;取代;更换
replace
sb/sth
取代某人/某物
replace
A
by/with/B
用B来替换A
replacement
n.更换;复位;代替者
语境领悟
(1)You
may
read
any
of
these
magazines,only
you
must
replace
it
after
reading.
这些杂志你都可以看,但看后必须放回原处。
(2)Can
anything
replace
a
mother’s
love
and
care?
什么东西能取代母爱呢?
(3)We’ve
replaced
the
old
machine
with
a
computer.
我们用电脑取代了那台旧机器。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)It’s
not
a
good
idea
to
miss
meals
and
replace
them
with
snacks.?
(2)If
you
cannot
accept
our
suggestion,we
will
return
the
goods
for
replacement (replace).?
(3)All
books
must
be
replaced (replace)
on
the
shelves
after
being
read.?
句型转换
(4)Nothing
could
take
the
place
of
the
family
he
had
lost.
→Nothing
could
replace
the
family
he
had
lost.?
句型剖析
1.【教材原文】To
a
person
nothing
is
more
precious
than
their
life,and
if
they
entrust
me
with
that
life,how
could
I
refuse
that
trust,saying
I’m
cold,hungry,or
tired?(Page
16)
对一个人来说,没有什么比生命更珍贵,如果他们把生命托付给我,我怎么能拒绝这种信任,说我冷、饿、累?
句法分析
此处nothing
is
more
precious
than
their
life为“nothing
is+(形容词)
比较级+than...”结构,是一个常见的句型,表示“没有什么比……更……”,为比较级的否定形式表示最高级含义。
表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构:
(1)never+比较级
(2)nothing或no等+so+原级+as.../nothing或no等+比较级+than...
(3)比较级+than+any
other+单数名词/
(all)
the
other+复数名词/
anyone
else/
any
of
the
other+复数名词
语境领悟
(1)To
me,nothing
can
be
more
important
than
a
healthy
body.
对我来说,没有什么比健康的身体更重要。
(2)It
was
not
until
then
that
I
suddenly
realised
nobody
was
happier
than
I
was.
直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。
(3)China
is
larger
than
any
country
in
Africa.
中国比任何一个非洲国家都大。
(4)—Did
you
sleep
well
last
night?
你昨夜睡得好吗?
—Never
better,like
a
log.
从没这么好过,睡得很死。
(5)No
one
is
so
deaf
as
those
who
won’t
listen.
最聋者莫过于不听劝的人。
学以致用
完成句子
(1)你说的话很对,我非常同意。
What
you
said
is
right,which
I
can’t
agree
any
more .?
(2)依我看,没有什么比你出席更好的了。
In
my
eyes, nothing
is
better
than
your
presence.?
单句翻译
(3)Nothing
is
more
precious
than
health.
健康的身体是最宝贵的。 ?
2.【教材原文】She
responded,“I’d
rather
stay
single
to
study
all
my
life!”(Page
16)
她回答说:“我宁愿单身一辈子来学习!”
句法分析
句中would
rather表示“宁愿;宁可”,没有人称和数的变化,所有的人称一律用would
rather。
would
rather
do
宁愿做
would
rather
do...
than
do.../would
do...rather
than
do...宁愿……(而)不愿;与其……倒不如……
would
rather+从句:从句谓语用过去时表示“与现在或将来”相反的假设,意为“宁愿……,还是……
好些”。引导从句的that
常省略。从句谓语用过去完成时表示“与过去”相反的假设。
would
rather
have
done
本来想……而未实现
语境领悟
(1)He
would
rather
walk
than
take
a
bus.
他宁愿走,也不愿乘公交车。
(2)Rather
than
refuse
to
help
you,I
would
borrow
money
from
my
friends.
我宁可向朋友借钱,也不愿拒绝帮助你。
(3)I
would
rather
you
went
right
now.我宁愿你马上就去。
(4)I’d
rather
you
hadn’t
told
him
the
news
that
day.
我真希望你那天没有把那消息告诉他。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)Don’t
come
tomorrow.I’d
rather
you
came (come)
next
weekend.?
(2)I
would
rather
watch
TV
at
home
than
go
to
the
cinema.?
(3)We
went
by
sea,but
I’d
rather
have
gone
(go)
by
air.?
3.【教材原文】Dr
Lin
did
not
retire
until
the
day
she
died,22
April
1983.(Page
17)
林博士直到1983年4月22日去世才退休。
句法分析
句中的not...until...意思是“直到……才……”,until在句中引导的是时间状语从句。在not...until句型结构中,可以把not
until提到句首,这时句子要部分倒装。其结构为:Not
until+“从句/表时间的词”+助动词+(主句)主语+谓语+...。如果not
until引导的是从句,则until从句的主谓不能倒装,只是主句倒装。另外,not
...
until...句型也可以用于强调句式,结构为:“It
is
/
was
not
until+从句/表时间的词+that+...”。
语境领悟
(1)I
did
not
go
home
until
my
mother
called
me.
我直到我妈妈打电话给我才回家。
(2)Not
until
the
teacher
came
in
did
the
students
stop
talking.
=It
was
not
until
the
teacher
came
in
that
the
students
stopped
talking.
直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。
(3)Not
until
next
week
will
the
sports
meet
be
held.
=It
is
not
until
next
week
that
the
sports
meet
will
be
held.
直到下周才开运动会。
学以致用
一句多译
直到我结婚的时候,我才有钱买了自己的房子。
(1) I
could
not
afford
to
buy
a
house
of
my
own
until
I
got
married. ?
(2) Not
until
I
got
married
could
I
afford
to
buy
a
house
of
my
own. ?
(3) It
was
not
until
I
got
married
that
I
could
afford
to
buy
a
house
of
my
own. ?(共45张PPT)
Section
Ⅲ Discovering
Useful
Structures
词汇认知
汉译英
1. accident
n.事故;车祸;失事?
2. whisper
vi.&
vt.悄声说;耳语;低语 n.耳语
(声);低语
(声);传言;谣传?
3. midnight
n.子夜;午夜?
4. import
n.进口;进口商品 vt.进口;输入;引进?
5. export
n.出口;出口商品 vt.出口;输出;传播?
6. pole
n.(行星的)
极;地极?
7. lap
n.(坐着时的)
大腿部;(跑道等的)一圈?
8. bite
vt.&
vi.咬;叮;蛰 n.咬;(咬下的)
一口;咬伤?
9. lip
n.嘴唇?
10. chairman
n.主席;主持人;董事长?
11. first
aid
急救?
12. pass
away
去世?
13. in
memory
of
作为对……的纪念?
词汇拓展
14.operation
n.手术;企业;经营→ operate
vi.运转;动手术;起作用→ operator
n.经营者;操作员?
15.assist
vt.
帮助;援助→ assistant
n.助手;助理;助教→
assistance
n.援助;帮助?
16.memory
n.记忆力;回忆→ memorise
vt.记住;背熟?
语法图解
动词-ing形式的用法(2)
探究发现
1.“Why
should
girls
learn
so
much?Finding
a
good
husband
should
be
their
final
goal!”
her
brother
complained,thinking
of
the
high
tuition
fees.?
2.Thinking
of
all
the
people
still
in
need
of
help,Dr
Lin
opened
a
private
clinic.?
3.At
times
she
was
even
seen
riding
a
donkey
to
faraway
villages
to
provide
medical
care.?
4.The
new
People’s
Republic
of
China
saw
Dr
Lin
Qiaozhi
playing
a
key
role.?
课文中以上四个句中均含有一个动词-ing形式或动词-ing短语,它们在句中充当不同的成分。在句(1)和句(2)中充当 状语 成分;在和句(3)和句(4)中充当 宾语补足语 成分。?
词汇精讲
1.【教材原文】I
saw
her
whispering
something
into
his
ear,obviously
not
wanting
to
be
heard.(Page
18)
我看见她在他耳边低声说了些什么,显然不想被人听见。
考点
whisper
n.耳语(声);低语(声);传言;谣传
vi.&
vt.悄声说;耳语;低语
in
a
whisper=in
whispers=in
a
low
voice
耳语地;低声地
whisper
to
sb
向某人低声说
whisper
sth
to
sb
向某人低声说某事
whisper
sth
in
one’s
ear
在某人耳旁小声说某事
It
is/was
whispered
that...
据传闻……
语境领悟
(1)He
is
whispering
to
his
neighbour.
他向邻座的人耳语。
(2)The
two
girls
were
whispering
in
the
library.
这两个女孩在图书馆里低声说话。
(3)It
is
whispered
that
he
has
cancer.
传闻说他身患癌症。
(4)They
sat
at
the
back
of
the
room,talking
in
whispers.
他们坐在房间的后面低声谈话。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)She
whispered
the
secret
in
my
ear.?
(2)It
was
whispered
that
he
would
soon
die
and
he
did.
(3)She
said
it
in
a
whisper,so
most
of
us
couldn’t
hear.
2.【教材原文】Feeling
hurt
by
the
rejection,she
bit
her
lip
and
quietly
walked
away.(Page
18)
被拒绝后感觉很受伤,她咬着嘴唇,静静地走开了。
考点
bite
n.咬;(咬下的)一口;咬伤 vi.&
vt.咬;叮;蛰
bite+sb+介词+the+身体部位 咬/叮某人的某部位
语境领悟
(1)The
dog
bit
the
thief
in
the
leg.
那只狗咬了小偷的腿。
(2)He
ate
up
the
whole
bread
in
three
bites.
他三口吃完了整块面包。
(3)Once
bitten,twice
shy.
一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳。
这一表达法常用的结构有:
①
“咬、拍、打、击、扇”等+sb+介词+the+身体部位:本结构所涉及的介词是in或on。on表示接触较硬的部位,如:the
nose,the
head;in表示接触较软的部位,如:the
face,the
stomach。
②“抓、握、拉、牵”等+sb+介词+the+身体部位:本结构所涉及的介词是by,如:by
the
hand/arm。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1) Bitten (bite)
twice,my
friend
dare
not
go
to
my
home.
(2)He
is
so
absorbed
in
the
work
that
he
hasn’t
had
a
bite
since
morning.?
(3)Yesterday
when
I
was
sleeping,some
mosquitoes
bit
me
in
the
leg.?
3.【教材原文】Despite
the
difficult
situation,Dr
Bethune
did
whatever
he
could
to
assist
the
Chinese
people.(Page
18)
尽管处境艰难,白求恩大夫还是尽其所能帮助中国人民。
考点
assist
vt.帮助;援助;协助
assist
sb
in/with
sth在某方面帮助某人
assist
(sb)
in
doing
sth帮助(某人)做某事
assist
sb
to
do
sth帮助某人做某事
assistant
n.助手;助理;售货员
assistance
n.帮助;援助;支持
come
to
one’s
assistance
帮助某人
with
the
assistance/help
of
sb
在某人的帮助下
语境领悟
(1)My
assistant
will
be
in
charge
of
the
department
in
my
absence.我的助理将在我不在的时候负责这个部门。
(2)Could
you
give
us
some
assistance
with
this
work?
你能就这项工作给我们一些帮助吗?
(3)I
will
assist
you
to
complete
the
task.
我将协助你来完成这项任务。
(4)He
asked
us
to
assist
him
in
carrying
through
his
plan.
他请求我们帮助他完成他的计划。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)The
teacher
said
that
he
would
like
to
choose
an
assistant (assist)
among
us.?
(2)Students
assisted
the
chemistry
teacher
in
doing (do)
the
experiment.?
(3)I
was
very
glad
to
be
of
some
assistance (assist).?
单句改错
(4)She
is
popular
among
her
friends
because
no
matter
who
is
in
trouble
she
always
comes
to
his
or
her
assist.
assist→assistance ?
句型转换
(5)Do
you
often
assist
your
mother
with
the
housework?
→Do
you
often
assist
your
mother
to
do
the
housework?
语法精析
动词-ing形式的用法(2)
一、动词-ing形式做宾语补足语
(1)用在感官动词feel,hear,notice,observe,see,smell,watch,listen
to,look
at等之后做宾语补足语。
I
saw
a
boy
playing
basketball
on
the
playground.
我看见一个男生在操场打篮球。
We
could
hear
her
singing
as
she
ran
upstairs.
我们可以听到她边唱歌边跑上楼。
(2)用在使役动词get,have及bring(致使),keep(使),leave(使),
send(使),set(使开始),start(使开始)等之后做宾语补足语。这种情况往往表示“让或使某人/某物处于某种状态”。
The
doctor
will
soon
have
you
walking
about
again.
医生将很快地使你能再走动。
The
children
kept
the
fire
burning
all
the
time.
孩子让火一直燃烧着。
(3)用在其他动词catch,discover,find等之后做宾语补足语。
The
manager
caught
me
smoking
in
the
office
again.
经理又抓住我在办公室抽烟了。
(4)用在with复合结构中。
I
couldn’t
do
my
homework
with
the
noise
going
on.
由于噪音不断,我没法做家庭作业。
With
so
many
people
looking
at
her,she
felt
nervous.
这么多人看着她,她感到紧张。
(1)动词的-ing形式和动词不定式做宾语补足语的区别:
动词的-ing形式做宾语补足语表示动作正在进行,不是指全过程;不定式做宾语补足语表示动作的完成,指全过程。
He
saw
a
girl
getting
on
the
car.
他看见一个女孩在上汽车。(She
was
getting
on
the
car.)
He
saw
a
girl
get
on
the
car
and
drive
off.
他看见一个女孩上车开走了。(She
got
on
the
car
and
drove
off.)
(2)动词的-ing形式和过去分词做宾语补足语的区别:
当宾语与做宾语补足语的动词在逻辑上是主动关系时,用动词-ing形式(正在进行或一直处于某种状态);当宾语与做宾语补足语的动词在逻辑上是被动关系时,用过去分词。
We
saw
him
talking
to
her.
我们看到他在与她谈话。(正在进行)
I
saw
him
beaten
by
Tom.
我看到他被汤姆打了。(him与beaten是被动关系)
(3)动词的-ing形式做宾语补足语的被动语态:
含动词的-ing形式做宾语补足语的句子在转换为被动语态时,该动词的-ing形式的宾语补足语就变成主语补足语了。
He
was
found
lying
on
the
floor.
有人发现他躺在地上。
分析:“He”在句子中做主语,“was
found”做谓语,使用
了被动语态,lying
on
the
floor做主语补足语。
二、动词-ing形式做状语的用法
动词-ing形式(短语)在句中做状语用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子,表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况。
1.做时间状语
动词-ing形式做时间状语时,常放在句首,相当于一个时间状语从句。
Hearing
the
noise,I
turned
round.
=
When
I
heard
the
noise,I
turned
round.
听到响声我转过身去。
动词-ing形式(短语)强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时,前面可带when,while,after,before,since等从属连词。如:
When
visiting
a
strange
city,I
like
to
have
a
guide-book
with
me.
游览陌生城市时,我喜欢随身带着导游手册。
2.做原因状语
动词-ing形式做原因状语时,相当于一个原因状语从句,也可以放在句首。
Being
poor,he
couldn’t
afford
a
TV
set.
=Because
he
was
poor,he
couldn’t
afford
a
TV
set.
由于穷,他买不起一台电视机。
3.做条件状语
动词-ing形式做条件状语时,相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。
Working
hard,you
will
succeed.
=If
you
work
hard,you
will
succeed.
只要努力学习,你将会成功的。
4.做结果状语
动词-ing形式做结果状语时,通常放在句末,中间用逗号隔开,表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。
The
fire
lasted
a
whole
night,causing
great
damage.
大火持续了一整夜,造成了巨大损失。
动词-ing形式做结果状语,是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果,其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况,前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式做结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果,常用only
to
do结构,其被动形式为only
to
be
done。
He
was
caught
in
the
rain,thus
making
himself
catch
a
cold.
被雨淋后他感冒了。
I
hurried
to
school,only
to
find
it
was
Sunday.
我匆忙赶到学校,结果发现是星期天。
5.做让步、方式和伴随状语
动词-ing形式做让步、方式和伴随状语时,说明动作发生的背景和情况,做伴随状语时,表示分句的动作和主句的动作同时发生,此时它可转换成并列句。
Mary
sat
by
the
window
of
the
classroom,reading
a
book.
=Mary
sat
by
the
window
of
the
classroom
and
was
reading
a
book.
玛丽坐在教室的窗边读书。
动词-ing形式做状语注意事项
1.动词-ing形式的时态
动词-ing形式做状语时,要注意动词-ing形式的时间性,是用动词-ing形式的一般式(doing),还是用完成式(having
done)。
(1)当动词-ing形式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时,用动词-ing形式的一般式。
Walking
in
the
street,I
met
an
old
friend
of
mine.
我正在大街上行走时,遇到了一位老朋友。(walking和谓语动词met同时发生)
(2)当动词-ing形式的动作先发生,而谓语动词的动作后发生时,用动词-ing形式的完成式。
Having
finished
the
letter,he
went
to
post
it.
他写完信后就把它寄了出去。(having
finished
是先发生的,went是后发生的)
2.动词-ing形式的语态
使用动词-ing形式的主动式还是被动式,这主要取决于动词-ing形式和句子主语之间的关系。句子的主语就是动词-ing形式的逻辑主语。
Having
been
shown
around
the
factory,they
were
very
happy.(动词-ing形式的被动式)
被领着参观了工厂后,他们很高兴。
Having
finished
his
homework,he
went
to
bed.(动词-ing形式的主动式)完成了作业后,他上床睡觉。
3.动词-ing形式的否定式:not
doing;not
having
done
Not
knowing
this,he
didn’t
come.
他不知道这件事,所以没来。
Not
having
made
full
preparations,we
put
off
the
sports
meeting.
因为没有做好充分的准备,我们把运动会延期了。
4.独立主格
动词-ing形式做状语,有时它也可以有自己独立的主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构,通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况,也可以表示时间、原因或条件。
The
trees
are
extremely
tall,some
measuring
over
90
metres.
那些树非常高,其中一些高达90多米。
The
weather
being
fine,we
went
out
for
a
walk.
由于天气好,我们去散步了。
5.动词-ing形式做评注性状语
有些动词-ing形式在句中没有逻辑主语,它们往往做句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子,表明说话者的态度观点等。例如:generally
speaking“一般来说”,judging
by/from...“从……判断”,taking
everything
into
consideration“从全盘考虑”。
Judging
by/from
his
behaviour,he
must
be
mad.
从他的行为来判断,他一定是疯了。
Generally
speaking,girls
are
more
interested
in
literature
than
boys.一般来说,女孩比男孩对文学感兴趣。
即学即练
单句语法填空
(1)His
question
has
set
me
thinking (think).?
(2)The
peasants
had
the
tractor
working (work)
day
and
night
at
the
harvest
time.?
(3)I
saw
him
being
carried (carry)
away
on
a
stretcher(担架)
by
2
nurses.?
(4)I
heard
the
song
sung (sing)
in
English
many
times.?
(5)Mother
had
me
go (go)
to
the
shop
and
buy
some
salt
at
once.?
完成句子
(6)学生们走在街上,又说又笑。
The
students
walked
on
the
street, talking
and
laughing .
(7)一听到那个消息,他禁不住大笑起来。
Hearing
the
news ,he
couldn’t
help
laughing.?
(8)全世界都踢足球,因此足球成了一种很流行的运动。
Football
is
played
all
over
the
world,thus
making
it
a
popular
game .?
(9)我站在门旁,不敢说一句话。
I
stood
by
the
door, not
daring
to
say
a
word .?
(10)尽管尝试了多次,但他仍未成功。
Having
tried
many
times ,he
still
couldn’t
succeed.?
(11)尽管被告知了很多次,他还是没把这些规定记下来。
Having
been
told
many
times ,he
still
didn’t
learn
these
rules
by
heart.?(共16张PPT)
Section
Ⅴ Assessing
Your
Progress
&
Video
Time
自主预习
单元小结
Ⅰ.重点单词
1.moral
adj.道德的;道义上的 n.品行;道德;寓意→ morally
adv.道德上;有道德地;确实地→ immoral
adj.不道德的;邪恶的?
2.faint
vi.昏倒;晕厥 adj.不清楚的;微弱的→ faintly
adv.微弱地;模糊地;虚弱地?
3.illustrate
vt.(举例)
说明;阐明;给(书或文章)
加插图→
illustration
n.说明;插图;例证→ illustrated
adj.有插图的?
4.entrust
vt.委托;交付→ trust
n.信任;信赖?
5.marriage
n.结婚;婚姻→ marry
vt.嫁;娶;与……结婚→ married
adj.已婚的;有配偶的;婚姻的?
6.majority
n.大部分;大多数→ major
adj.
主要的;重要的?
7.complain
vi.&
vt.抱怨;发牢骚→ complaint n.抱怨;诉苦?
8.respond
vt.回答;回复 vi.做出反应;回应→ response
n.反应;回答;回复?
9.scholarship
n.奖学金→ scholar
n.学者;奖学金获得者?
10.physician
n.医师;(尤指)
内科医生→ physical
adj.物理的;身体的→ physically
adv.身体上;肉体上?
11.reject
vt.拒绝接受;不录用→ rejection
n.拒绝接受;否决→ rejected
adj.被拒的;不合格的?
12.appoint
vt.任命;委派→ appointment
n.任命;约定;任命的职位→ appointed
adj.约定的,指定的?
13.elect
vt.选举;推选→ election
n.选举;推选;当选?
14.publish
vt.发表(作品);出版→ public
adj.公众的;政府的→ publication
n.出版;出版物;发表?
15.retire
vi.&
vt.退休;退职;退出→ retirement
n.退休;退役→ retired
adj.退休的;退役的?
16.scared
adj.害怕的;对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→ scare
vt.惊吓;使害怕 vi.受惊吓?
17.insurance
n.保险;保险业→ insure
vt.确保;保证?
18.energetic
adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的→ energy
n.能量;精力;活力?
19.replace
vt.接替;取代;更换→ replacement
n.更换;替换?
20.operation
n.手术;企业;经营→ operate
vi.运转;动手术;起作用→ operator
n.经营者;操作员?
21.assist
vt.
帮助;援助→ assistant
n.助手;助理;助教→ assistance
n.援助;帮助??
22.memory
n.记忆力;回忆→ memorise
vt.记住;背熟?
23.waitress
n.(餐馆的)
女服务员;女侍者→ wait
vi.等待→ waiter
n.服务员;侍者?
24.harm
n.&
vt.伤害;损害→ harmful
adj.有害的;导致损害的→ harmless
adj.无害的;无恶意的?
25.might
n.力量;威力→ mighty
adj.有力的;强有力的?
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.carry
sb
through
sth
帮助某人渡过难关?
2.tend
to
do
sth
易于做某事;往往会发生某事?
3.pass
away
去世?
4.in
memory
of
作为对……的纪念?
5.trip
over
被……绊倒?
6. in
tears
流着泪;含着泪?
7. in
despair
处于绝望中?
8. a
great
deal
(of)
大量?
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.while
doing构成省略:
Did
you
hear
that
James
helped
an
old
woman
who
fell
down
while
crossing
the
street ??
你听说詹姆斯帮助一个过街时跌倒的老太太了吗?
2.比较级的否定表最高级含义:
To
a
person
nothing
is
more
precious
than
their
life ,and
if
they
entrust
me
with
that
life,how
could
I
refuse
that
trust,saying
I’m
cold,hungry,or
tired??
对一个人来说,没有什么比生命更珍贵,如果他们把生命托付给我,我怎么能拒绝这种信任,说我冷、饿、累?
3.would
rather用法
She
responded,“I’d
rather
stay
single
to
study
all
my
life !”?
她回答说:“我宁愿单身一辈子来学习!”
4.not...
until...句式:
Dr
Lin
did
not
retire
until
the
day
she
died ,22
April
1983.?
林博士直到1983年4月22日去世才退休。
5.独立主格结构:
After
a
while,a
group
of
women
came
along, each
balancing
a
pot
of
water
on
her
head .?
过了一会儿,来了一群妇女,每人头上顶着一壶水。
6.neither...nor...连接并列成分:
Neither
she
nor
her
friends
thought
about
moving
the
stone
out
of
the
road.?
她和她的朋友都没想过把石头移开。
Ⅳ.重点语法
动词-ing形式做宾语补足语和状语
1.“Why
should
girls
learn
so
much?Finding
a
good
husband
should
be
their
final
goal!”
her
brother
complained,
thinking (think)
of
the
high
tuition
fees.?
2. Thinking (think)
of
all
the
people
still
in
need
of
help,Dr
Lin
opened
a
private
clinic.?
3.At
times
she
was
even
seen
riding (ride)
a
donkey
to
faraway
villages
to
provide
medical
care.?
4.The
new
People’s
Republic
of
China
saw
Dr
Lin
Qiaozhi
playing (play)
a
key
role.?
Ⅴ.功能意念
Tell
a
story
1.常用过渡词:
once
upon
a
time从前
long
ago
很久以前
first
of
all首先
then
然后
after
that然后
later
后来
finally最后
so
因此
however然而
although
尽管
but但是
2.常用句式:
(1)I
remember
this
happened
when
I
was
...我记得这件事发生在我……
(2)I
was
on
my
way
to...我正要去……
(3)I
was
sitting/...
when...我当时坐在……这时……
(4)It
was
a
...
day/morning/...那是一个……天/上午……。
(5)There
were...on
the
street/...有……在街上。(共23张PPT)
UNIT
2 MORALS
AND
VIRTUES
单元要点回顾
知识要点
重点内容
阅读词汇
1．entrust
vt.
________________
2．tuition
n.
________________
3．clinic
n.
________________
4．faraway
adj.
________________
5．elsewhere
adv.
________________
6．staff
n.
________________
7．kindergarten
n.
________________
8．insurance
n.
________________
9．pole
n.
________________
委托；交付
(小组)教学；讲课
诊所；门诊部
遥远的
在别处；去别处
员工；全体职员
学前班；幼儿园
保险；保险业
(行星的)极；地极
知识要点
重点内容
阅读词汇
10．lap
n.____________________________________
11．lip
n.________________________
12．café
n.________________________
13．pregnant
adj.________________________
14．disguise
vt.________________________
15．saving
n.____________________________________
16．hire
vt.
________________________
17．midnight
n.________________________
(坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈
嘴唇
咖啡馆；小餐馆
怀孕的；妊娠的
装扮；假扮；掩盖
节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款
聘任；雇佣；租用
子夜；午夜
知识要点
重点内容
阅读词汇
18．bite
v.
__________________
19．chain
n.
__________________________
20．tear
n.
__________________
21．court
n.
__________________________
22．income
n.
__________________
23．per
prep.
__________________
24．tension
n．______________________
25．chairman
n．______________________
咬；叮；蛰
一连串(人或事)；链子；链条
眼泪；泪水
(网球等的)球场；法院；法庭
收入；收益
每；每一
紧张关系；紧张；焦虑
主席；主持人；董事长
知识要点
重点内容
写作词汇
1．__________
adj.道德的；道义上的
n．品行；道德；寓意
2．__________
n．高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
3．__________
n．进退两难的境地；困境
4．__________
adj.珍贵的；宝贵的
5．__________
n．专业服务费；报酬
6．__________
n．协会；联合会；工会
7．__________
n．奖学金
8．__________
n．医师；(尤指)内科医生
moral
virtue
dilemma
precious
fee
union
scholarship
physician
知识要点
重点内容
写作词汇
9．__________
n．同事；同僚
10．__________
n．十年；十年期
11．__________
vt.发表(作品)；出版
12．__________
vi.&
vt.退休；退职；退出
13．__________
n．道德原则；法则；原则
14．__________
adj.被动的；顺从的
15．__________
n．事故；车祸；失事
16．__________
vt.接替；取代；更换
17．__________
n．绝望 vi.绝望；感到无望
18．__________
adj.灵活的；可变通的
colleague
decade
publish
retire
principle
passive
accident
replace
despair
flexible
知识要点
重点内容
写作词汇
19．__________
adv.因此；所以
20．__________
n．进口；进口商品
vt.进口；输入；引进
21．_______
n．出口；出口商品vt.出口；输出；传播
22．__________
adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的
23．__________
vi.&
vt.悄声说；耳语；低语
n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
24．_________
vt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图
therefore
import
export
sharp
whisper
illustrate
知识要点
重点内容
拓展词汇
1．__________
n．结婚；婚姻
→
__________
v．结婚；与……结婚
2．__________
n．大部分；大多数
→
__________
adj.大多数的；主要的；重大的
3．__________
vi.&
vt.抱怨；发牢骚
→
__________
n．抱怨；控诉
4．__________
vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应
→
__________
n．反应；回答；回复
marriage
marry
majority
major
complain
complaint
respond
response
知识要点
重点内容
拓展词汇
5．__________
vt.拒绝接受；不录用
→
__________
n．拒绝接受；否决
6．__________
vt.任命；委派
→
____________
n．任命；委派；约会
7．__________
vt.选举；推选
→
__________
n．选举；推选；当选
8．__________
vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于
→
__________
n．偏向；走向；趋势
reject
rejection
appoint
appointment
elect
election
tend
tendency
知识要点
重点内容
拓展词汇
9．_________
adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
→
__________
vt.惊吓；使害怕
vi.受惊吓
10．_________
adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的
→
__________
n．精力；活力；能源；能量
11．__________
vt.帮助；援助
→
____________
n．帮助；援助
→
__________
n．助手
scared
scare
energetic
energy
assist
assistance
assistant
知识要点
重点内容
拓展词汇
12．__________
n．记忆力；回忆
→
___________
vt.记忆；记住
13．__________
n．手术；企业；经营
→
___________
v．经营；操作
→
___________
n．接线员；操作员
14．__________
n．&
vt.伤害；损害
→
___________
adj.有害的
→
___________
adj.无害的
memory
memorize
operation
operate
operator
harm
harmful
harmless
知识要点
重点内容
重点短语
1．moral
dilemma
_________________
2．make
a
choice
_________________
3．be
eager
to
do
_________________
4．与……分享……
_________________
5．一直；总是
_________________
6．不但……；而且……
_________________
7．disagree
with
_________________
8．be
famous
for…
_________________
道德困境
做出选择
渴望做
share…with…
all
the
time
not
only…but
also…
不同意
因……而著名
知识要点
重点内容
重点短语
9．be
faced
with
_________________
10．carry
sb.
through
sth.
_________________
11．the
majority
of
_________________
12．complain
about
_________________
13．tend
to
do
sth.
_________________
14．would
rather
do
_________________
15．graduate
from…
_________________
16．in
need
of
_________________
17．play
a
key
role
in
_________________
面对
帮助某人渡过难关
大多数
抱怨
易于/往往会做某事
宁愿做
从……毕业
需要
起到关键作用
知识要点
重点内容
重点短语
18．hold
an
important
position
_________________
19．be
responsible
for…
_________________
20．treat…as…
_________________
21．show
interest
in…
_________________
22．be
known
as…
_________________
23．去世
_________________
24．作为对……的纪念
_________________
25．在午夜时分
_________________
26．work
as…
_________________
担任重要职位
为……负责
对待……就像……
对……有兴趣
作为……而出名
pass
away
in
memory
of
at
midnight
做……工作
知识要点
重点内容
重点短语
27．有影响；有不同
_________________
28．start
with…
_________________
29．first
of
all
_________________
30．step
by
step
_________________
31．被……绊倒
_________________
32．含着泪水；流着泪
_________________
33．处于绝望中
_________________
34．a
great
deal
(of)
_________________
35．crash
into
_________________
make
a
difference
从……开始
首先
一步步地
trip
over…
in
tears
in
despair
大量
撞上
知识要点
重点内容
重点短语
36．pick
oneself
up
_________________
37．make
an
attempt
to
do
sth.
_________________
38．end
up
doing…
_________________
39．with
all
one’s
might
_________________
40．属于
_________________
41．tuition
fee
_________________
42．resident
physician
_________________
43．first
aid
_________________
站起来；振作起来
企图做某事
以做……结束
用尽所有力气
belong
to
学费
住院医师
急救
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
1．If
I
________
ever
in
a
situation
like
the
girl
faced，I
think
I
would
choose
to…
如果我处在一个和那个女孩一样的处境，我想我会选择……
2．Why
not
______
______
with
his
schoolwork?
为什么不帮助他做功课呢？
3．To
a
person,
nothing
is
_____
_______
than
their
life.
对一个人来说，没有什么比生命更珍贵。
were
help
him
more
precious
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
4．I’d
________
________
single
to
study
all
my
life!
为了学习我宁愿一辈子单身！
5．She
greatly
___________
her
American
colleagues,
________
invited
her
to
stay.
美国的同事对她深刻印象，他们邀请她留下来。
6．She
immediately
became
the
first
woman
ever
______
_____
_______
as
a
resident
physician
in
the
OB－GYN
department
of
the
PUMC
Hospital.
她立即成了第一位被协和医院妇产科聘为住院医师的女性。
rather
stay
impressed
who
to
be hired
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
7．At
times
she
was
even
________
________
a
donkey
to
faraway
villages
to
provide
medical
care.
有时她甚至被看到骑着驴去遥远的村庄提供医疗服务。
8．Despite
the
difficult
situation，Dr
Bethune
did
________
_____
_______
to
assist
the
Chinese
people.
尽管环境艰苦，白求恩大夫还是尽其所能帮助了中国人民。
seen riding
whatever
he
could
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
9．After
Dr
Bethune’s
death，Chairman
Mao
Zedong
wrote
an
article
in
memory
of
him,
_____
________
he
praised
Dr
Bethune
as
a
hero
to
be
remembered
in
China.
白求恩大夫去世后，毛泽东主席写了一篇文章来纪念他，在文章中他赞扬白求恩大夫是一位在中国值得纪念的英雄。
10．After
a
while，a
group
of
women
came
along,
_______
_________
a
pot
of
water
on
her
head.
过了一会儿，来了一群妇女，每人头上顶着一壶水。
in
which
each balancing
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
11．
________
she
________
her
friends
thought
about
moving
the
stone
out
of
the
road.
她和她的朋友都没想过把石头移开。
12．She
_______
______
________
all
day
and
was
very
tired.
她工作了一整天，非常累。
13．Imagine
her
surprise
when
she
saw
the
gold
coins
________
the
stone
had
been!
想象一下，当她看到原本是石头的位置有金子，她有多少惊讶。
Neither
nor
had
been
working
where
知识要点
重点内容
重点语法
动词－ing形式做状语和补语 (共17张PPT)
UNIT
2 MORALS
AND
VIRTUES
美
文
导
入
素养解读：本单元的主题是“道德与品德”，主要围绕“人与自我”和“人与社会”进行讨论和拓展。本单元的学习可帮助学生树立正确的人生观和价值观，学会树立自己的理想，同时又明白自身成就与社会的密切关系。在这一过程中，学生将懂得认识自我，丰富自我，完善自我。
主题：袁隆平对中国农业的巨大贡献
学科素养：人与社会（价值观）
难度：★★★★
语篇导读：被誉为中国“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平为中国的农业发展做出了巨大的贡献，同时，他还有一个梦想：让杂交水稻在全世界的稻田里生根发芽，从而真正解决全世界人民的吃饭问题！
Yuan
Longping,
China’s
Most
Famous
“Farmer”
It
says
every
scientist
cherishes
a
childhood
dream
indicating
his
or
her
future
success,
but
for
Yuan
Longping,
dubbed
(授予称号)
as
“father
of
hybrid
rice”,
the
dream
is
that
he
cultivates
rice
as
plump
as
peanuts,
and
farmers
can
relax
in
the
cool
shadow
of
big
rice
plants.
Yuan
is
known
as
the
Nobel
Prize
in
China,
for
his
outstanding
achievements
in
breeding
high
yield?hybrid
rice,
which
has
substantially
increased
China’s
grain
output.
Yuan
came
up
with
the
idea
of
hybridizing
rice
for
the
first
time
in
the
world
in
1960s.
Since
then,
50
percent
of
China?s
total
rice
cultivation
fields
have
grown
such
rice,
which
added
some
300
billion
kilograms
to
the
country’s
grain
output.
Furrows
(皱纹)
grown
on
his
sunburnt
face,
a
slim
figure
and
coiled?up
trousers
legs
would
confuse
foreign
reporters
who
came
to
interview
the
most
famous
scientist
in
China,
who
would
rather
be
called
“a
farmer”.
Indeed,
like
many
Chinese
farmers,
Yuan
has
devoted
most
of
his
life
growing
rice
in
paddy
fields.
In
the
year
1999,more
than
300
billion
kilograms
of
grain
were
increased
from
about
240
million
hectares
(公顷)
of
hybrid
rice,
which
signified
the
success
of
his
research.
And
this
made
Yuan
firmly
believe
that
China
can
surely
feed
her
1.2
billion
population
with
her
limited
cultivated
land.
But
even
after
that
achievement
Yuan
won’t
take
a
break.
He
has
a
dream,
more
realistic
than
that
of
his
young
age,
that
popularizing
new
strains
of
grain
with
higher
yields
around
the
world,
can
eliminate
starvation
on
earth.
“If
the
new
strain
was
sown
in
the
rest
of
the
rice
acreage,
the
present
grain
output
around
the
world
can
be
more
than
doubled.
This
can
be
a
solution
to
the
grain
shortage,”
the
unselfish
scientist
said.
○课标词汇
○重要短语
come
up
with
提出；想出；赶上
for
the
first
time
首次；第一次
paddy
fields
稻田；水田
a
solution
to...
一个……的解决方案
○句型精析
He
has
a
dream,
more
realistic
than
that
of
his
young
age,
that
popularizing
new
strains
of
grain
with
higher
yields
around
the
world,
can
eliminate
starvation
on
earth.
分析：that
popularizing
new
strains
of
grain
with
higher
yields
around
the
world是a
dream的同位语。more
realistic
than
that
of
his
young
age是a
dream的定语，that
of
his
young
age是指他年轻时的梦想。
译文：他有一个比年轻时更实际的梦想，在全世界普及更高产量的水稻新品种，从而解决地球上的饥饿问题。
○开口show
1．What
was
dubbed
to
Yuan
Longping?
_______________________________________________
【答案】Father
of
hybrid
rice.
2．When
did
Yuan
Longping
have
the
idea
of
hybridizing
rice
in
the
world?
_______________________________________________
【答案】In
1960s.
3．What
was
the
produce
of
grain
in
the
year
1999
from
about
240
million
hectares?
_______________________________________________
【答案】More
than
300
billion
kilograms.
核心素养目标
【语言技能】
掌握动词?ing形式作宾语补足语和状语的用法；
能写一篇评论性议论文。
【素养提升】
传播优秀的道德观念和传统美德,培养学生良好的道德意识和美德,并践行道德风尚；
用适当的思维方式解决本单元学习中的问题,思考如何培养良好的道德意识和美德；根据本单元内容适当调整学习策略。(共58张PPT)
Section
Ⅳ Listening
and
Talking
&
Reading
for
Writing
自主预习
词汇认知
汉译英
1. chain
n.一连串
(人或事);链子;链条?
2. café
n.咖啡馆;小餐馆?
3. pregnant
adj.怀孕的;妊娠的?
4. disguise
vt.装扮;假扮;掩盖 n.伪装;化装用具?
5. maple
n.枫树;槭树?
6. cart
n.手推车;运货马车?
7. spill
vt.&
vi.(使)
洒出;
(使)
溢出?
8. limp
vi.跛行;一瘸一拐地走?
9. tear
n.眼泪;泪水?
10. despair
n.绝望 vi.
绝望;感到无望?
11. fable
n.寓言;寓言故事?
12. trip
over
被……绊倒?
13. in
tears
流着泪;含着泪?
14. in
despair
处于绝望中?
15. a
great
deal
(of)
大量?
词汇拓展
16.waitress
n.(餐馆的)女服务员;女侍者→ wait
vi.等待→ waiter
n.服务员;侍者?
17.harm
n.&
vt.伤害;损害→ harmful
adj.有害的;导致损害的→ harmless
adj.无害的;无恶意的?
18.might
n.力量;威力→ mighty
adj.有力的;强有力的?
词汇精讲
1.【教材原文】Early
one
morning,the
king
disguised
himself
and
went
to
a
local
village.(Page
20)
一天清晨,国王乔装打扮去了当地的一个村庄。
考点
disguise
vt.装扮;假扮;掩盖 n.伪装;化装用具
disguise
oneself
as...
把某人装扮成……
disguise
sb/sth
with
sth
用……来掩饰……
in
disguise
伪装;乔装
语境领悟
(1)She
disguised
herself
as
a
man,but
she
couldn’t
disguise
her
voice.
她假扮成男人,但改不了她的声音。
(2)She
disguised
the
spots
on
her
face
with
make-up.
她用化妆品盖住脸上的斑点。
(3)We
should
watch
out
for
those
friends
in
disguise.
我们应当提防那些伪装的朋友。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)She
disguised
herself
as
a
boy
in
order
to
enter
the
room
easily.?
(2)The
doctor
passing
by
was
really
a
police
officer
in
disguise.?
(3)The
woman
disguised
her
failure
with
a
smile.?
2.【教材原文】One
woman
tripped
over
the
stone
and
her
water
pot
went
crashing
to
the
ground.(Page
20)
一个妇女被石头绊了一下,她的水壶掉在地上摔碎了。
考点
trip
over
被……绊倒
trip
n.(尤指短程往返的)旅行
on
a
trip在旅途中
business
trip
公务旅行,出差;商务旅行
round
trip
往返旅行;环程旅行
take/make
a
trip
旅游;去旅行
trip
v.绊倒;(使)跌倒
trip
on
在……上绊倒
trip
up
绊倒
语境领悟
(1)They
planned
to
make
a
wedding
trip
to
Paris.
他们计划到巴黎旅行度蜜月。
(2)He
is
thinking
about
going
on
a
trip
to
Africa.
他正考虑去非洲旅行一次。
(3)Mind
you
don’t
trip
over
these
roots;they’re
difficult
to
see
under
all
these
leaves.
小心别被这些树根绊倒,它们被盖在树叶下面不易看到。
(4)Be
careful
you
don’t
trip
up
on
the
step.
你小心别在台阶上绊倒了。
学以致用
完成句子
(1)突然她被一块岩石绊倒了。
Suddenly
she
tripped
over
a
rock.?
(2)我经过时,他伸出腿来想把我绊倒。
As
I
passed,he
stuck
out
a
leg
and
tried
to
trip
me
up .?
3.【教材原文】Is
there
no
one
in
this
village
who
feels
any
responsibility
to
keep
their
neighbours
from
harm?(Page
20)
这个村子里难道没有人觉得有责任使他们的邻居免受伤害吗?
考点
harm
n.&
vt.伤害;损害
do
harm
to
sb=do
sb
harm
伤害某人;对人有害
There
is
no
harm
in
doing
sth
做某事没有坏处
harmful
adj.有害的
be
harmful
to...
对……有害
harmless
adj.无害的;无恶意的
hurt既可指身体受伤,也可指心灵受伤,还可表示疼痛之意。
wound指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤,是出血的、严重的伤,特指战场上的受伤。
injure多指意外事故中受伤。
harm一般指伤害有生命的东西,常指伤及人的健康、权利、事业等。
语境领悟
(1)What
should
be
done
to
punish
people
who
do
harm
to
the
animals?
该怎么惩罚那些伤害动物的人?
(2)Fruit
juice
can
be
harmful
to
children’s
teeth.
果汁可能会损坏儿童的牙齿。
(3)Have
the
workers
been
harmed
in
the
disaster?
工人们在灾难中受伤了吗?
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)There
is
no
harm
in
writing (write)
down
your
name
on
the
form.?
(2)The
medicine
is
harmful
to
children
but
harmless (harm)
to
adults.?
(3)Too
much
drinking
is
harmful
to
the
health.?
(4)Excessive
drinking
did
harm
to
his
health.
选词填空(harm/hurt/injure/wound)
(5)Several
children
were
injured
in
the
accident
yesterday.
(6)He
got
wounded
in
the
battle.?
(7)Smoking
seriously
harmed
his
health
when
he
was
young.?
(8)His
words
hurt
my
feelings.?
4.【教材原文】After
a
great
deal
of
effort,she
finally
succeeded
in
moving
it
to
the
side
of
the
street.(Page
20)
经过很大的努力,她终于把它搬到了路边。
考点
a
great
deal
(of)
大量
a
great
deal为副词性短语,修饰动词、形容词,尤其是修饰形容词比较级。
a
great
deal还可以做名词短语,用作不可数名词;或者做主语或宾语,做主语时谓语动词用单数。
a
great/good
deal
of接不可数名词,表示时间、金钱、麻烦等。做主语时谓语动词用单数。
a
great
number
of接复数可数名词。a
great
many接复数可数名词;当所修饰的名词前有限定词时用a
great
many
of。
语境领悟
(1)After
taking
some
pills,she
felt
a
great
deal
better.
吃了几片药后,她感觉好多了。
(2)A
great
deal
has
been
finished,but
there
is
still
much
to
be
done.
虽然已经完成了许多(工作),但仍然有许多事情要做。
(3)He
has
given
me
a
great
deal
of
help.
他给了我很多帮助。
(4)A
great
number
of
people
came
to
the
meeting
from
all
over
the
country.
来自全国各地的许多人参加了会议。
学以致用
选词填空(a
great
deal/a
great
deal
of/a
great
number
of)
(1)She
has
earned
a
great
deal
of
money
in
the
last
few
weeks.?
(2)The
nurse
did
a
great
deal
to
keep
my
wound
clean.
(3)I
saw
a
great
number
of
people
buying
and
selling
at
the
market.?
(4)His
new
novel
is
a
great
deal
more
interesting
than
I
expected.?
单句语法填空
(5)A
great
deal
of
money
has
been
spent (spend)
in
saving
the
lives
of
the
trapped
miners
since
last
week.?
单句改错
(6)A
great
many
of
people
gain
a
great
deal
of
information
from
the
Internet.
people前加the或去掉of ?
句型剖析
1.【教材原文】After
a
while,a
group
of
women
came
along,each
balancing
a
pot
of
water
on
her
head.(Page
20)
过了一会儿,来了一群妇女,每人头上顶着一壶水。
句法分析
此处each
balancing
a
pot
of
water
on
her
head是独立主格结构。
独立主格结构的构成方法:n./pron.+v.-ing/-ed/to
do/n./adj./adv./prep.短语。
其中名词或代词起着逻辑主语的作用;另一部分表示状态、状况或动作。
独立主格结构本身不是句子,但在语义上相当于一个句子。在句子中做状语,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
语境领悟
(1)The
guide
leading
the
way,we
had
no
trouble
getting
out
of
the
forest.
向导领着路,我们毫不费劲地走出了森林。
(2)Weather
permitting,we
will
go
on
an
outing
to
the
beach
tomorrow.
如果天气允许的话,我们将在明天组织一次海滨旅游。
(3)He
left
the
office,tears
in
eyes.
他眼里含着泪水离开了办公室。
(4)He
walked
into
the
classroom,his
head
lowered.
低着头,他走进教室。
(5)There
being
no
one
else
to
turn
to,I
had
to
come
to
see
you.
我没有其他可以求助的人,只能来找你。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)The
concert
to
begin (begin)
soon,we
have
to
hurry.?
(2)The
key
to
the
bike
lost (lose),he
had
to
walk
to
school
after
class.?
(3)There
being (be)
no
bus,he
went
home
on
foot.?
把下列句子改为独立主格结构
(4)If
time
permits,we’d
better
have
a
rest
this
weekend.
Time
permitting,we’d
better
have
a
rest
this
weekend.
(5)After
the
clock
struck
11,he
went
to
bed.
The
clock
striking
11,he
went
to
bed. ?
2.【教材原文】Neither
she
nor
her
friends
thought
about
moving
the
stone
out
of
the
road.(Page
20)
她和她的朋友都没想过把石头移开。
句法分析
neither...nor...既不……,也不……,连接句中两个相同成分。
neither...nor...如果连接两个主语,谓语动词采取就近一致原则。
使用就近原则的还有:
either...or...或者……或者……;
not
only...but
also...不仅……而且;
...or...……或者……
;
not...but...不是……而是……
语境领悟
(1)Neither
my
father
nor
I
was
there.
我父亲和我都不在那里。
(2)He
neither
drinks
nor
smokes.
他既不喝酒也不抽烟。
(3)Neither
do
I
want
to
know
it,nor
do
I
care
about
it.
我既不想知道,也不关心。
(4)It
is
neither
too
hot
nor
too
cold
in
winter
here.
这里冬天既不太热也不太冷。
学以致用
(1)Neither
my
parents
nor
my
sister
likes (like)
swimming.
(2)Not
he
but
also
I
am (be)
going
to
China.?
典题示例
读后续写
阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
Jenny
was
the
only
child
in
her
home.She
had
a
quarrel
with
her
mother
that
afternoon
and
she
ran
out
of
the
house
angrily.She
couldn’t
help
weeping
sorrowfully
when
she
thought
of
the
scolding
from
her
mother.
Having
wandered
aimlessly
in
the
street
for
hours,she
felt
a
little
hungry
and
wished
for
something
to
eat,but
it
was
not
possible
for
her,since
she
had
nothing
with
her.She
stood
beside
a
stand
for
a
while,watching
the
middle-aged
seller
busy
doing
his
business.However,with
no
money
in
hand,she
sighed
and
had
to
leave.?
The
seller
behind
the
stand
noticed
the
young
girl
and
asked,“Hey,girl,you
want
to
have
the
noodles?”
“Oh,yes,but
I
don’t
have
money
on
me,”she
replied.
“That’s
nothing.I’ll
treat
you
today,”
said
the
man.
“Come
in.”
The
seller
brought
her
a
bowl
of
noodles,whose
smell
was
so
attractive.As
she
was
eating,Jenny
cried
silently.
“What
is
it?”
asked
the
man
kindly.
“Nothing,actually
I
was
just
touched
by
your
kindness!”
said
Jenny
as
she
wiped
her
tears.“Even
a
stranger
on
the
street
will
give
me
a
bowl
of
noodles,while
my
mother
drove
me
out
of
the
house.She
showed
no
care
for
me.She
is
so
merciless
compared
to
a
stranger!”
Hearing
the
words,the
seller
smiled,“Girl,do
you
really
think
so?I
only
gave
you
a
bowl
of
noodles
and
you
thanked
me
a
lot.But
it
is
your
mother
who
has
raised
you
since
you
were
a
baby.Can
you
number
the
times
she
cooked
for
you?
Have
you
expressed
your
gratitude
to
her?”
Jenny
sat
there,speechless
and
numb
with
shock;she
remembered
mother’s
familiar
face
and
weathered
hands.
“Why
did
I
not
think
of
that?A
bowl
of
noodles
from
a
stranger
made
me
feel
indebted,but
I
have
never
thanked
my
mum
for
what
she
has
done
for
me.”?
On
the
way
home,Jenny
made
up
her
mind
to
make
an
apology
to
her
mother
for
her
rudeness
as
soon
as
she
arrived
home.
注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语;
3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;
4.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph
1:
Approaching
the
doorway,Jenny
took
a
deep
breath.
????
??????????
??
??
Paragraph
2:
A
gentle
touch
on
her
hair
called
her
mind
back.??????????
?
?
?
?
写作指导
本写作是一篇文章续写,写作要求已经给出。首先读懂所给文章的故事情节,包括事件、人物、时间、地点、矛盾冲突等。通过阅读所给文章可知:Jenny由于与母亲争吵,逃出了家。由于很饿,一个好心人给了她一碗面条吃,她感到了人间的温暖。帮助她的陌生人的一番话,使她懂得了母亲的关爱。故事的最后是Jenny受到教育,准备回家向母亲道歉。
续写部分分为两段,第一段开头是:“Jenny走近门口,深深地吸了一口气。……”,第二段开头是:“轻轻摸一下她的头发,她的心就恢复了。……”。注意,第二段是“谁摸了谁的头发?”,很明显,是母亲摸了Jenny的头发。因此,从时间发展来看,第一段应该描写Jenny回家见到母亲之前的事件和感情。而第二段应该写“摸完头发”之后(也就是见到母亲之后)的情节发展,第二段应该写母女冰释前嫌,包括动作和感情两条线索。
在关键词提示上,所给文章给出十个关键词,包括1个动词smiled和9个名词,包括主人公Jenny,事件起因由于scolding
from
her
mother引起的quarrel,故事发生的地点in
the
street,时间that
afternoon,最后,故事发展的指向,主人公明白的gratitude,当着母亲的熟悉的面孔(familiar
face),向母亲道歉(apology)自己的粗鲁(rudeness),根据续写情节的发展,可以10个关键词选择5个,适当地放在第一段和第二段中,利用关键词编造适合新语境的句子,可以帮助考生进行发散思维。
另外,写作时考生还需要注意谋篇布局的顺序,运用合适的连接词连接全文,同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。
高分范文
Paragraph
1:
Approaching
the
doorway,Jenny
took
a
deep
breath.When
she
knocked
at
the
door,she
found
the
door
was
locked
and
her
mother
was
not
in.Tired
and
sad,she
sat
down
in
front
of
the
house.“Where
could
my
mother
be?”
she
wondered.
“Was
she
still
angry
with
me?”
Again,the
scene
of
the
quarrel
appeared
in
her
mind.She
remembered
her
rudeness
to
her
mother.Realising
that
all
the
scolding
from
her
mother
was
due
to
the
fact
that
her
mother
really
cared
a
lot
about
her,she
felt
rather
ashamed,and
tears
began
to
roll
down
her
cheeks.?
Paragraph
2:
A
gentle
touch
on
her
hair
called
her
mind
back.She
raised
her
head
and
saw
the
familiar
face
of
her
mother.“Here
you
come!I’ve
been
looking
for
you,”
she
said,tired
and
relieved.Jenny
couldn’t
help
throwing
herself
into
her
mother’s
arms.“Mum,I’m
so
sorry
and
thank
you
for
all
you
have
done
for
me.”
She
expressed
her
sincere
apology
and
great
gratitude.Hearing
this,her
mother
smiled
patting
her
back
gently.
名师点评
范文要点齐全,采用了原文五个下划线的词汇,将主要人物Jenny和她的妈妈之间的矛盾化解,故事情节和结尾中规中矩、合情合理。同时,续写部分与原文之间的衔接度和融合度很高,采用了不少对话的形式。同时,所续写的两段内容分别与各段所提供的首句的衔接高,承接、过渡自然。
在内容上,采用故事情节发展和人物心理描写相结合,交替发展,相辅相成,给人一种水到渠成的感觉。具体到段落上,续写第一段描写Jenny见到妈妈前的情形。兼用了心理和语言描写,丰富了内容。第二段以“touch”为转折点,描述见到妈妈后的情节,以动作描述为主。在表达形式上,范文运用了宾语从句、同位语从句、动词-ing形式做状语等表达手段。表述地道,亮点很多。
即学即练
It
was
a
beautiful
morning.I
was
in
the
middle
of
a
busy
day,with
my
mind
on
what
I
had
to
do
next.As
I
drove
along
a
busy
street.I
noticed
a
young
boy
walking
out
from
the
entrance
of
an
apartment
complex(公寓群)
on
the
other
side
of
the
street.?
I
couldn’t
see
beyond
the
entrance
with
trees
and
bushes
shading
it
but
I
hoped
that
his
family
was
there,about
to
appear
behind
him.The
boy
was
young,maybe
four
years
old,and
it
was
a
strange
sight
to
see
him
alone
near
this
busy
street,even
if
just
for
a
little
while.I
continued
to
look
behind
me
but
I
didn’t
see
anyone
else
coming
out
to
join
him
as
cars
ran
swiftly
past
him.Then,I
saw
him
turning
around
and
running
back
toward
the
entrance.I
smiled
in
relief,as
I
hoped
that
he
was
heading
back
towards
his
family.?
Still,I
felt
I
should
check
to
be
sure
he
was
safe
and
did
a
U-turn
as
soon
as
I
was
able
to.As
I
drove
back
to
where
I
first
saw
him,I
was
expecting
to
see
him
safe,with
his
family
around
him.Instead,as
I
got
closer,I
saw
that
he
had
changed
directions
again,crossed
the
median(隔离带)
and
was
quickly
running
in
the
opposite
direction
of
the
apartment
buildings.I
pulled
my
car
over
quickly
and
as
I
did
so,all
the
cars
on
both
sides
of
the
street
suddenly
stopped
as
well,as
if
just
realising
the
potential
danger
of
the
situation.?
I
crossed
the
street
and
went
up
to
him.He
stopped
as
I
approached,looking
at
me
cautiously(谨慎地)
and
backed
away
slightly
towards
the
road.I
didn’t
want
to
scare
him
so
I
bent
down
a
bit.Seeing
a
piece
of
paper
in
his
hand,I
asked
him
where
his
parents
were
and
why
he
was
there
but
he
did
not
answer.Instead,he
ran
away
from
me
along
the
median.?
注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语;
3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;
4.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph
1:
At
this
point,a
man
in
another
car
asked
if
I
needed
help
and
I
said
yes.The
man
got
out
of
his
car
to
help
the
boy.We
stopped
the
cars
on
this
busy
street
to
reduce
the
dangers
so
that
the
boy
could
be
safe
when
running
on
the
street.In
the
meantime,I
caught
sight
of
the
piece
of
paper
in
the
boy’s
hand,on
which
was
his
father’s
address
and
phone
number.Without
hesitation,I
made
an
immediate
call
to
his
father
to
tell
what
was
happening
now.The
boy’s
father
said
that
he
would
come
here
as
soon
as
possible.?
Paragraph
2:
I
saw
his
dad
racing
towards
us
and
heard
him
calling
out
the
boy’s
name.When
hearing
his
father’s
voice,the
boy
felt
very
happy
and
crossed
the
median
to
meet
him.At
last,the
father
and
the
son
hugged
tightly.We
felt
relieved.
The
father
told
us
the
reasons
why
the
boy
left
the
home
alone.Soon
the
boy’s
mother
also
came
to
the
spot.They
thanked
us
very
much.And
we
were
happy
to
see
the
family
got
reunited
in
the
end.?
